CA2458589A1 - Powder metal hydride hydrogen generator - Google Patents

Powder metal hydride hydrogen generator Download PDF

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Publication number
CA2458589A1
CA2458589A1 CA002458589A CA2458589A CA2458589A1 CA 2458589 A1 CA2458589 A1 CA 2458589A1 CA 002458589 A CA002458589 A CA 002458589A CA 2458589 A CA2458589 A CA 2458589A CA 2458589 A1 CA2458589 A1 CA 2458589A1
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CA
Canada
Prior art keywords
metal hydride
source
steam
dry metal
fuel
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
CA002458589A
Other languages
French (fr)
Other versions
CA2458589C (en
Inventor
Andreas Schell
Rolf Schaller
Jason W. Buelow
Doanh T. Tran
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
FCA US LLC
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Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of CA2458589A1 publication Critical patent/CA2458589A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CA2458589C publication Critical patent/CA2458589C/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
    • C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
    • C01B3/06—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of inorganic compounds containing electro-positively bound hydrogen, e.g. water, acids, bases, ammonia, with inorganic reducing agents
    • C01B3/065—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of inorganic compounds containing electro-positively bound hydrogen, e.g. water, acids, bases, ammonia, with inorganic reducing agents from a hydride
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J19/0053—Details of the reactor
    • B01J19/0066—Stirrers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J7/00—Apparatus for generating gases
    • B01J7/02—Apparatus for generating gases by wet methods
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
    • B01J8/08—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with moving particles
    • B01J8/10—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with moving particles moved by stirrers or by rotary drums or rotary receptacles or endless belts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
    • H01M8/0606—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants
    • H01M8/065—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants by dissolution of metals or alloys; by dehydriding metallic substances
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F35/00—Accessories for mixers; Auxiliary operations or auxiliary devices; Parts or details of general application
    • B01F35/90—Heating or cooling systems
    • B01F2035/98—Cooling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
    • B01F27/05—Stirrers
    • B01F27/11—Stirrers characterised by the configuration of the stirrers
    • B01F27/114—Helically shaped stirrers, i.e. stirrers comprising a helically shaped band or helically shaped band sections
    • B01F27/1143—Helically shaped stirrers, i.e. stirrers comprising a helically shaped band or helically shaped band sections screw-shaped, e.g. worms
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
    • B01F27/60—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a horizontal or inclined axis
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/00002—Chemical plants
    • B01J2219/00004—Scale aspects
    • B01J2219/00006—Large-scale industrial plants
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/18—Details relating to the spatial orientation of the reactor
    • B01J2219/182—Details relating to the spatial orientation of the reactor horizontal
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
    • H01M8/04201—Reactant storage and supply, e.g. means for feeding, pipes
    • H01M8/04216—Reactant storage and supply, e.g. means for feeding, pipes characterised by the choice for a specific material, e.g. carbon, hydride, absorbent
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/36—Hydrogen production from non-carbon containing sources, e.g. by water electrolysis
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells

Abstract

A system for generating hydrogen gas for use in a fuel cell includes a powder metal hydride source, a water source, a mixing device and a catalytic hydrogen generating chamber. A method of generating hydrogen for use in a fuel cell includes the steps of providing a source of dry metal hydride fuel; providing a source of steam;
providing a mixing/reaction chamber connected to the source of dry metal hydride fuel and to the source of steam, operating the mixing/reaction chamber to transport the dry metal hydride fuel from its source to a byproduct receptacle and feeding steam into the mixing/reaction chamber such that the steam reacts with the dry metal hydride fuel to produce hydrogen gas and a dry metal powder byproduct; removing the dry metal powder byproduct from the mixing/reaction chamber; and extracting the hydrogen gas from the mixing/reaction chamber.

Claims (14)

1. A system for generating hydrogen gas for use in a fuel cell, comprising:
a powder metal hydride source;
a water source;
a mixing device; and a catalytic hydrogen generating chamber.
2. A method of generating hydrogen for use in a fuel cell, comprising the steps of:
providing a source of dry metal hydride fuel;
providing a source of steam;
providing a mixing chamber operably connected to the source of dry metal hydride fuel and the source of steam;
transporting dry metal hydride fuel and steam into the mixing chamber to initiate a hydrogen-producing reaction;
removing a dry metal powder byproduct from the mixing chamber; and removing hydrogen from the mixing chamber.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the mixing chamber comprises a screw drive transporter connected at a first end to the source of dry metal hydride fuel.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the mixing chamber is connected at a second end to the source of steam.
5. The method of claim 4, further comprising the step of operating the screw drive to transport the day metal hydride fuel from the first end to the second end.
6. The method of claim 5, further comprising the step of feeding steam into the mixing chamber at the second end to pass through the metal hydride fuel toward the first end.
7. The method of claim 3, wherein the mixing chamber is further connected at the first end to the source of steam.
8. The method of claim 7, further comprising the step of operating the screw drive to transport the dry metal hydride fuel from the first end to the second end.
9. The method of claim 8, further comprising the step of feeding steam into the mixing chamber at the first end to pass through the metal hydride fuel toward the second end.
10. The method of claim 2, wherein the dry metal hydride fuel is selected from the group consisting of calcium hydride, lithium hydride, lithium borohydride, magnesium hydride, sodium hydride and sodium borohydride.
11. The method of claim 10, wherein the screw drive is coated with a catalyst for initiating the reaction between the steam and the dry metal hydride fuel.
12. A method of generating hydrogen for use in a fuel cell, comprising the steps of:
providing a source of dry metal hydride fuel;
providing a source of steam;
providing a screw drive transporter connected at a first end to the source of dry metal hydride fuel and at a second end to the source of steam;
operating the screw drive to transport the dry metal hydride fuel from the first end to the second end, and feeding steam at the second end to pass through the metal hydride fuel toward the first end, such that the steam reacts with the dry metal hydride fuel to produce hydrogen gas and a dry metal powder byproduct;
removing the dry metal powder byproduct at the second end of the screw drive; and extracting the hydrogen gas at the first end of the screw drive.
13. The method of claim 12, wherein the dry metal hydride fuel is selected from the group consisting of calcium hydride, lithium hydride, lithium borohydride, magnesium hydride, sodium hydride and sodium borohydride.
14. The method of claim 13, wherein the screw drive is coated with a catalyst for initiating the reaction between the steam and the dry metal hydride fuel.
CA2458589A 2003-02-26 2004-02-25 Powder metal hydride hydrogen generator Expired - Fee Related CA2458589C (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US44996603P 2003-02-26 2003-02-26
US60/449,966 2003-02-26
US10/650,893 US7179443B2 (en) 2003-02-26 2003-08-28 Powder metal hydride hydrogen generator
US10/650,893 2003-08-28

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CA2458589A1 true CA2458589A1 (en) 2004-08-26
CA2458589C CA2458589C (en) 2010-07-06

Family

ID=32776292

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CA2458589A Expired - Fee Related CA2458589C (en) 2003-02-26 2004-02-25 Powder metal hydride hydrogen generator

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US7179443B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1453130B1 (en)
CA (1) CA2458589C (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113401865A (en) * 2021-05-09 2021-09-17 四川大学 Metal hydride reactor with modular filling composite compaction unit bodies

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1453130B1 (en) 2012-01-18
US7179443B2 (en) 2007-02-20
EP1453130A2 (en) 2004-09-01
US20040166057A1 (en) 2004-08-26
EP1453130A3 (en) 2006-06-28
CA2458589C (en) 2010-07-06

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Effective date: 20220225