CA2465784C - Prosthetic ligament - Google Patents
Prosthetic ligament Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA2465784C CA2465784C CA002465784A CA2465784A CA2465784C CA 2465784 C CA2465784 C CA 2465784C CA 002465784 A CA002465784 A CA 002465784A CA 2465784 A CA2465784 A CA 2465784A CA 2465784 C CA2465784 C CA 2465784C
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- cord
- ligament
- filament
- filaments
- strands
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 210000003041 ligament Anatomy 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920000106 Liquid crystal polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004974 Thermotropic liquid crystal Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 210000001264 anterior cruciate ligament Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 210000002303 tibia Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 210000000689 upper leg Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 210000000629 knee joint Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 229920000295 expanded polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 210000003127 knee Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920013666 Celanese acetate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 206010061223 Ligament injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- SMEGJBVQLJJKKX-HOTMZDKISA-N [(2R,3S,4S,5R,6R)-5-acetyloxy-3,4,6-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]methyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC[C@@H]1[C@H]([C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H](O1)O)OC(=O)C)O)O SMEGJBVQLJJKKX-HOTMZDKISA-N 0.000 description 1
- 210000000988 bone and bone Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- HJJVPARKXDDIQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromuconazole Chemical compound ClC1=CC(Cl)=CC=C1C1(CN2N=CN=C2)OCC(Br)C1 HJJVPARKXDDIQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000002082 fibula Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- -1 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002278 reconstructive surgery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001356 surgical procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036962 time dependent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000001519 tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/08—Muscles; Tendons; Ligaments
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B1/00—Constructional features of ropes or cables
- D07B1/18—Grommets
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
- D07B2201/10—Rope or cable structures
- D07B2201/1096—Rope or cable structures braided
Abstract
A prosthetic ligament (20) includes a cord (22) of thermotropic liquid cryst al filaments. The cord preferably comprises multi-filament thermotropic liquid crystal filaments. The cord has an eye (26) spliced at each of its ends.</SD OAB>
Description
PROSTHETIC LIGAMENT
Field of the Invention A prosthetic ligament for use in reconstructive surgery is disclosed.
Background of the Invention A ligament is a band of tissue, usually white and fibrous, that serves to connect bones. For example, the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) connects the femur to the tibia. A torn ACL is the most common serious ligamentatious injury to the knee joint.
Miyasaka, K. et al, "The Incident of Knee Ligament Injuries and the General Population," American Journal of Knee Surgery, 4:3-8, 1991.
Prior attempts have been made to create a suitable prosthetic ligament, but none have received acceptance by the medical community. Those prior attempts include prosthetic ligaments made from: single filament and multi-filament expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), see Bolton, C.W. et al, "The GORE-TEXTM Expanded Polytetrafluoroethylene Prosthetic Ligament,"
Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research, 196:202-213, June 1985;
multi-filament polyethylene terephthalate (PET), see U.S. Patent 5,575,819; and liahtly or tightlv braided polyester filaments, see U.S. Patent 5,800,543. These material7 failed because over time the reconstructed knee lost stability that arose from fibril breakage caused by flexing fatique or rubbing, and/or filament stretching (creep) See Young, F.A. et al, "Artificial Anterior Cruciate Ligament Research At The Medical University Of South Carolina," MUSC Orthopaedic Journal, 3:37-38, June 2000, Accordingly, there is a need for a prosthetic ligament that overcomes the problems described.
Summary of the Invention A prosthetic ligament includes a cord of thermotropic liquid crystal filaments. The cord preferably comprises multi-filament thermotropic liquid crystal filaments. The cord has an eye spliced at each of its ends.
Field of the Invention A prosthetic ligament for use in reconstructive surgery is disclosed.
Background of the Invention A ligament is a band of tissue, usually white and fibrous, that serves to connect bones. For example, the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) connects the femur to the tibia. A torn ACL is the most common serious ligamentatious injury to the knee joint.
Miyasaka, K. et al, "The Incident of Knee Ligament Injuries and the General Population," American Journal of Knee Surgery, 4:3-8, 1991.
Prior attempts have been made to create a suitable prosthetic ligament, but none have received acceptance by the medical community. Those prior attempts include prosthetic ligaments made from: single filament and multi-filament expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), see Bolton, C.W. et al, "The GORE-TEXTM Expanded Polytetrafluoroethylene Prosthetic Ligament,"
Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research, 196:202-213, June 1985;
multi-filament polyethylene terephthalate (PET), see U.S. Patent 5,575,819; and liahtly or tightlv braided polyester filaments, see U.S. Patent 5,800,543. These material7 failed because over time the reconstructed knee lost stability that arose from fibril breakage caused by flexing fatique or rubbing, and/or filament stretching (creep) See Young, F.A. et al, "Artificial Anterior Cruciate Ligament Research At The Medical University Of South Carolina," MUSC Orthopaedic Journal, 3:37-38, June 2000, Accordingly, there is a need for a prosthetic ligament that overcomes the problems described.
Summary of the Invention A prosthetic ligament includes a cord of thermotropic liquid crystal filaments. The cord preferably comprises multi-filament thermotropic liquid crystal filaments. The cord has an eye spliced at each of its ends.
, ' .
In one aspect, the invention provides a prosthetic ligament comprising: a cord of thermotropic liquid crystalline filaments; said cord comprising several strands of said filament.
In a further aspect, the invention provides a prosthetic ligament comprising: a cord of braided thermotropic liquid crystalline polymer strands; said cord comprising several strands of said filament; and said cord having an eye spliced at each end thereof.
Description of the Drawings For the purpose of illustrating the invention, there is shown in the drawings a form of the invention; it being understood, however, that this invention is not limited to the precise arrangements and instrumentalities shown.
2a .79471-46 Figure 1 is a schematic illustration of the present invention in use as a prosthetic ligament.
Figure 2 is an illustration o; the present invention.
Description of the Invention Referring to the drawings where like numerals indicate like elements, there is shown in Figure 1 a knee joint 10. Knee joint 10, as shown, consists of the femur 12, the tibia 14, and the fibula 16. Femur 12 and tibia 14 are held together (or stabilized) by prosthetic ligament 20. The terminal ends of ligament 20 are secured to their respective femur 12 and tibia 14 by an anchor 18, shown in phantom. Such anchors are conventional. For example, see U.S. Patents 5,458,601, 5,575,819. and 5,800,543.
The anchor shown in U.S. Patent 5,458,601 is preferred.
In Figure 2, prosthetic ligament 20 generally comprises a cord 22, preferably, having eyes 26 spliced therein at each end thereof.
Cord 22, preferably, is a string or thin rope made by several strands 24 braided, twisted, or woven together. Cord 22, preferably, consists of a twelve strand braided cord.
In one aspect, the invention provides a prosthetic ligament comprising: a cord of thermotropic liquid crystalline filaments; said cord comprising several strands of said filament.
In a further aspect, the invention provides a prosthetic ligament comprising: a cord of braided thermotropic liquid crystalline polymer strands; said cord comprising several strands of said filament; and said cord having an eye spliced at each end thereof.
Description of the Drawings For the purpose of illustrating the invention, there is shown in the drawings a form of the invention; it being understood, however, that this invention is not limited to the precise arrangements and instrumentalities shown.
2a .79471-46 Figure 1 is a schematic illustration of the present invention in use as a prosthetic ligament.
Figure 2 is an illustration o; the present invention.
Description of the Invention Referring to the drawings where like numerals indicate like elements, there is shown in Figure 1 a knee joint 10. Knee joint 10, as shown, consists of the femur 12, the tibia 14, and the fibula 16. Femur 12 and tibia 14 are held together (or stabilized) by prosthetic ligament 20. The terminal ends of ligament 20 are secured to their respective femur 12 and tibia 14 by an anchor 18, shown in phantom. Such anchors are conventional. For example, see U.S. Patents 5,458,601, 5,575,819. and 5,800,543.
The anchor shown in U.S. Patent 5,458,601 is preferred.
In Figure 2, prosthetic ligament 20 generally comprises a cord 22, preferably, having eyes 26 spliced therein at each end thereof.
Cord 22, preferably, is a string or thin rope made by several strands 24 braided, twisted, or woven together. Cord 22, preferably, consists of a twelve strand braided cord.
Strand 24 comprises a number of filaments, threads, or yarns that are plaited or twisted together to form a unit of the cord 22.
Strands 24 are, preferably, made of a multi-filament yarn. The multi-filament yarn is made from filaments having good creep resistance, good flexural strength, and good abrasion resistance.
Creep (or delayed deformation) is deformation that is time-dependent and is exhibited by a material subjected to a continuing load. Creep may be measured by tensioning a test sample to a fixed load and periodically recording the tension. A filament with good creep resistance will not show a decrease in tension at 1000 hours (test sample (1/2" diameter wire-rope of 1500 denier multifilament strands) at over 6000 lbs load). Flexural strength (or flexural fatigue) is a physical property expressed by the number of times a material can be bent on itself through a prescribed angle before it ruptures or loses its ability to recover. Flexural strength may be measured according to ASTM D2176 with a Tinius Olsen/M.I.T. folding endurance tester (400 denier threadlines, 1.36 kg load, oscillated through 270 angle at a rate of 175 cycles/minute). A filament with good flexural strength will show failure above 10,000 cycles-to-failure. Abrasion resistance is the ability of a fiber to withstand surface wear and rubbing. Abrasion resistance may be measured by a rope abrasion test where a test sample (8 strand plain braid 64 X 1670-dtex threadline, dry test) was bent (over a diameter steel pin at 1.5 cycles/min, 10" stroke, 600 lbs load) unti.'_ f ailure. A filament (without marine finish) good abrasion -resistance will show failure at over 100 cvcles. A
preferred filament is a thermotropic liquid crvstal polymer filament, commercially available under the trade name VECTRA.NO from Celanese Acetate LLC, Charlotte, NC. The preferred strand is a 2250 denier VECTRANO' varn having 5 denier per filamenc (dpT) filaments.
Eyes 26 are adapted to connect ligament 20 to anchors 18.
Eyes 26 are, preferably, spli-ced, in a conventional manner, into cord 22 at its terminal ends. The preferred splicing method is known as the `locking brummel.' Details of this method are available from Cortland Cable Co., Cortland, NY, in a pamphlet, entitled "Fabricating a short splice at the end of a hollow braid".
The present invention may be embodied in other forms without departing from the spirit and essential attributes thereof.
Strands 24 are, preferably, made of a multi-filament yarn. The multi-filament yarn is made from filaments having good creep resistance, good flexural strength, and good abrasion resistance.
Creep (or delayed deformation) is deformation that is time-dependent and is exhibited by a material subjected to a continuing load. Creep may be measured by tensioning a test sample to a fixed load and periodically recording the tension. A filament with good creep resistance will not show a decrease in tension at 1000 hours (test sample (1/2" diameter wire-rope of 1500 denier multifilament strands) at over 6000 lbs load). Flexural strength (or flexural fatigue) is a physical property expressed by the number of times a material can be bent on itself through a prescribed angle before it ruptures or loses its ability to recover. Flexural strength may be measured according to ASTM D2176 with a Tinius Olsen/M.I.T. folding endurance tester (400 denier threadlines, 1.36 kg load, oscillated through 270 angle at a rate of 175 cycles/minute). A filament with good flexural strength will show failure above 10,000 cycles-to-failure. Abrasion resistance is the ability of a fiber to withstand surface wear and rubbing. Abrasion resistance may be measured by a rope abrasion test where a test sample (8 strand plain braid 64 X 1670-dtex threadline, dry test) was bent (over a diameter steel pin at 1.5 cycles/min, 10" stroke, 600 lbs load) unti.'_ f ailure. A filament (without marine finish) good abrasion -resistance will show failure at over 100 cvcles. A
preferred filament is a thermotropic liquid crvstal polymer filament, commercially available under the trade name VECTRA.NO from Celanese Acetate LLC, Charlotte, NC. The preferred strand is a 2250 denier VECTRANO' varn having 5 denier per filamenc (dpT) filaments.
Eyes 26 are adapted to connect ligament 20 to anchors 18.
Eyes 26 are, preferably, spli-ced, in a conventional manner, into cord 22 at its terminal ends. The preferred splicing method is known as the `locking brummel.' Details of this method are available from Cortland Cable Co., Cortland, NY, in a pamphlet, entitled "Fabricating a short splice at the end of a hollow braid".
The present invention may be embodied in other forms without departing from the spirit and essential attributes thereof.
Claims (7)
1. A prosthetic ligament comprising:
a cord of thermotropic liquid crystalline filaments;
said cord comprising several strands of said filament.
a cord of thermotropic liquid crystalline filaments;
said cord comprising several strands of said filament.
2. The ligament of claim 1 wherein said cord further comprises a twelve braid strand of said filament.
3. The ligament of claim 1 wherein said cord further comprises an eye spliced at each end thereof.
4. A prosthetic ligament comprising:
a cord of braided thermotropic liquid crystalline polymer strands;
said cord comprising several strands of said filament; and said cord having an eye spliced at each end thereof.
a cord of braided thermotropic liquid crystalline polymer strands;
said cord comprising several strands of said filament; and said cord having an eye spliced at each end thereof.
5. The ligament of claim 4 wherein said cord further comprises twelve strands.
6. The ligament of any one of claims 1 to 5 wherein said strands being braided, twisted, or woven together.
7. The ligament of any one of claims 1 to 6 wherein said cord of filaments having a creep resistance of greater than 0% tension loss at 1000 hours;
said cord having an eye spliced at each end thereof;
said cord of filaments having a flexural strength greater than 10,000 cycles-to-failure; and said cord of filaments having an abrasion resistance greater than 100 cycles-to-failure.
said cord having an eye spliced at each end thereof;
said cord of filaments having a flexural strength greater than 10,000 cycles-to-failure; and said cord of filaments having an abrasion resistance greater than 100 cycles-to-failure.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US10/017,945 | 2001-12-14 | ||
| US10/017,945 US6599319B2 (en) | 2001-12-14 | 2001-12-14 | Prosthetic ligament |
| PCT/US2002/039403 WO2003051237A1 (en) | 2001-12-14 | 2002-12-11 | Prosthetic ligament |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2465784A1 CA2465784A1 (en) | 2003-06-26 |
| CA2465784C true CA2465784C (en) | 2009-04-28 |
Family
ID=21785409
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002465784A Expired - Fee Related CA2465784C (en) | 2001-12-14 | 2002-12-11 | Prosthetic ligament |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US6599319B2 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP1453438B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2005512635A (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE549998T1 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU2002357123A1 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2465784C (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2003051237A1 (en) |
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| JP2023505290A (en) * | 2019-12-06 | 2023-02-08 | パラゴン２８・インコーポレイテッド | Implants and related methods |
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| US4731084A (en) * | 1986-03-14 | 1988-03-15 | Richards Medical Company | Prosthetic ligament |
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| GB8622563D0 (en) | 1986-09-19 | 1986-10-22 | Amis A A | Artificial ligaments |
| JPS63277059A (en) * | 1987-05-08 | 1988-11-15 | Kuraray Co Ltd | Fixing bandage |
| FI83729C (en) * | 1987-11-26 | 1991-08-26 | Biocon Oy | SURGICAL IMPLANTS. |
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| JP2005512635A (en) | 2005-05-12 |
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| WO2003051237A1 (en) | 2003-06-26 |
| EP1453438B1 (en) | 2012-03-21 |
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| CA2465784A1 (en) | 2003-06-26 |
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