CA2474886A1 - Multi-mode interference optical waveguide device - Google Patents

Multi-mode interference optical waveguide device Download PDF

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Publication number
CA2474886A1
CA2474886A1 CA002474886A CA2474886A CA2474886A1 CA 2474886 A1 CA2474886 A1 CA 2474886A1 CA 002474886 A CA002474886 A CA 002474886A CA 2474886 A CA2474886 A CA 2474886A CA 2474886 A1 CA2474886 A1 CA 2474886A1
Authority
CA
Canada
Prior art keywords
hollow core
splitter
optical amplifier
mode
waveguides
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
CA002474886A
Other languages
French (fr)
Other versions
CA2474886C (en
Inventor
Richard Michael Jenkins
Mark Edward Mcnie
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Qinetiq Ltd
Original Assignee
Qinetiq Limited
Richard Michael Jenkins
Mark Edward Mcnie
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Qinetiq Limited, Richard Michael Jenkins, Mark Edward Mcnie filed Critical Qinetiq Limited
Publication of CA2474886A1 publication Critical patent/CA2474886A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CA2474886C publication Critical patent/CA2474886C/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/10—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type
    • G02B6/12—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type of the integrated circuit kind
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
    • G02B6/28—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals
    • G02B6/2804—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals forming multipart couplers without wavelength selective elements, e.g. "T" couplers, star couplers
    • G02B6/2808—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals forming multipart couplers without wavelength selective elements, e.g. "T" couplers, star couplers using a mixing element which evenly distributes an input signal over a number of outputs
    • G02B6/2813—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals forming multipart couplers without wavelength selective elements, e.g. "T" couplers, star couplers using a mixing element which evenly distributes an input signal over a number of outputs based on multimode interference effect, i.e. self-imaging
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/10—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type
    • G02B6/12—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type of the integrated circuit kind
    • G02B2006/12166—Manufacturing methods
    • G02B2006/12176—Etching

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Optical Integrated Circuits (AREA)
  • Lasers (AREA)
  • Optical Communication System (AREA)
  • Instruments For Measurement Of Length By Optical Means (AREA)

Abstract

A mufti-mode interference (MMI) device (90), comprising a hollow core multi-mode waveguide optically (32) coupled to at least one hollow core input waveguide (30; 34; 36), is described in which the internal surfaces of the hollow core waveguides carry a reflective coating (92). The coating may be a low refractive index material at the wavelength of operation, such as a metal, or a multiple layer dielectric stack. Resonators (150) and optical amplifiers (110) using such (MMI) devices are also described.

Claims (27)

Claims
1 A multi-mode interference (MMI) device comprising a hollow core multi-mode waveguide region optically coupled to at least one hollow core input waveguide, wherein the internal surfaces of said hollow core waveguides carry a reflective coating.
2 A device as claimed in claim 1 wherein the reflective coating comprises at least one layer of material having a refractive index less than that of the waveguide core within the operating wavelength band.
3 A device as claimed in claim 2 wherein at least one of the at least one layers of material carried on the internal surface of the hollow core waveguides is a metal.
4 A device as claimed in claim 3 wherein the metal is any one of gold, silver or copper.
A device as claimed in any preceding claim wherein the reflective coating comprises one or more layers of dielectric material.
6 A device as claimed in any preceding claim for operation with radiation between 1.4µm and 1.6µm in wavelength.
7 A device as claimed in any one of the preceding claims wherein the at least one hollow core input waveguide is a fundamental mode waveguide.
8 A device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6 wherein the at least one hollow core input waveguide is a multi-mode waveguide.
9 A device as claimed in any preceding claim wherein the hollow core multi-mode waveguide region has a substantially rectangular cross-section.
A device according to claim 9 wherein the dimensions of the hollow core multi-mode waveguide region are selected to provide re-imaging of the optical input field carried by said at least one hollow core input waveguide.
11. A device as claimed in any one of claims 9 to 10 wherein opposite surfaces forming the rectangular internal cross-section of the hollow core multi-mode waveguide region have substantially equal effective refractive indices and adjacent surfaces forming the rectangular internal cross-section hollow core multi-mode waveguide region have different effective refractive indices.
12. A device as claimed in any of claims 1 to 8 wherein the hollow core multi-mode waveguide region has a substantially circular cross-section and the diameter and length of the hollow core multi-mode waveguide region are selected to provide re-imaging of the optical input field carried by said at least one hollow core input waveguide.
13. A device as claimed in any preceding claim wherein the hollow waveguides of the MMI device are formed in semiconductor material.
14. A device as claimed in claim 13 wherein the semiconductor material comprises Silicon.
15. A device as claimed in any of claims 13-14 wherein the hollow core waveguides are formed using semiconductor micro-fabrication techniques.
16 A device according to claim 15 wherein the semiconductor micro-fabrication technique is Deep Reactive Ion Etching (DRIE).
17. An device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 12 wherein the hollow core waveguides are formed in a layer of plastic or polymer.
18. An device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 12 wherein the hollow core waveguides are formed from glass.
19. A device as claimed in any preceding claim wherein the hollow core waveguides comprises gas.
20. A device as claimed in claim 19 wherein the gas is air.
21. A device as claimed in claim 19 wherein the gas is an optical gain medium.
22. A device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 18 wherein the hollow core comprises liquid.
23 An optical amplifier comprising a 1-to-N way beam splitter, a multiple element optical amplifier, and a beam recombines connected in optical series, the optical amplifier acting on at least one of the outputs of the 1-to-N way beam splitter, wherein at least one of the 1-to-N way beam splitter and beam recombines comprise a hollow core multi-mode interference device as claimed in any of claims 1-22.
24 An optical amplifier as claimed in claim 23 wherein the 1-to-N beam sputter and the beam recombines both comprise hollow core mufti-mode interference devices as claimed in any of claims 1-22.
25 An optical amplifier as claimed in claim 23 wherein the 1-to-N beam splitter comprises a solid core MMI splitter device.
26 An optical amplifier as claimed in any one of claims 23 to 25 and further comprising phase offset means to adjust the relative phases of the amplified beams prior to beam recombination in the beam recombiner.
27 A resonator comprising;
a partial reflector, a splitter/recombiner means, a multi-element optical amplifier, and a reflector, the partial reflector, splitter/recombiner means, multi-element optical amplifier and reflector being arranged such that the splitter/recombiner means splits a single beam into N beams where N is greater than or equal to 2, each of the N beams are amplified by the multi-element optical amplifier, reflected by the reflector and redirected to pass back through the multi-element amplifier, the N beams then being recombined by the splitter/recombiner means to form a single beam, a portion of that single beam exiting the resonator through the partial reflector, wherein the splitter/recombiner means is a hollow core multi-mode interference device as claimed in any of claims 1-22.
CA2474886A 2002-01-29 2003-01-29 Multi-mode interference optical waveguide device Expired - Fee Related CA2474886C (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB0201950.3 2002-01-29
GBGB0201950.3A GB0201950D0 (en) 2002-01-29 2002-01-29 Multimode interference optical waveguide device
PCT/GB2003/000370 WO2003065088A2 (en) 2002-01-29 2003-01-29 Multi-mode interfrence optical waveguide device

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CA2474886A1 true CA2474886A1 (en) 2003-08-07
CA2474886C CA2474886C (en) 2011-10-04

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CA2474886A Expired - Fee Related CA2474886C (en) 2002-01-29 2003-01-29 Multi-mode interference optical waveguide device

Country Status (13)

Country Link
US (1) US7072542B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1472560B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2005516252A (en)
KR (1) KR20040077903A (en)
CN (2) CN100362380C (en)
AT (1) ATE370433T1 (en)
AU (1) AU2003208387A1 (en)
CA (1) CA2474886C (en)
DE (1) DE60315599T2 (en)
ES (1) ES2288210T3 (en)
GB (1) GB0201950D0 (en)
HK (2) HK1080948A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2003065088A2 (en)

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US10551714B2 (en) * 2017-05-17 2020-02-04 Finisar Sweden Ab Optical device
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE60315599T2 (en) 2007-11-29
GB0201950D0 (en) 2002-03-13
WO2003065088A3 (en) 2004-03-25
CN100362380C (en) 2008-01-16
ES2288210T3 (en) 2008-01-01
KR20040077903A (en) 2004-09-07
US20050053322A1 (en) 2005-03-10
HK1107845A1 (en) 2008-04-18
DE60315599D1 (en) 2007-09-27
CN101025459A (en) 2007-08-29
HK1080948A1 (en) 2006-05-04
WO2003065088A2 (en) 2003-08-07
CN100533190C (en) 2009-08-26
CA2474886C (en) 2011-10-04
ATE370433T1 (en) 2007-09-15
EP1472560A2 (en) 2004-11-03
AU2003208387A1 (en) 2003-09-02
EP1472560B1 (en) 2007-08-15
CN1643420A (en) 2005-07-20
US7072542B2 (en) 2006-07-04
JP2005516252A (en) 2005-06-02

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Effective date: 20190129