CA2509377C - Joint for movably connecting two stabilizing elements - Google Patents
Joint for movably connecting two stabilizing elements Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA2509377C CA2509377C CA2509377A CA2509377A CA2509377C CA 2509377 C CA2509377 C CA 2509377C CA 2509377 A CA2509377 A CA 2509377A CA 2509377 A CA2509377 A CA 2509377A CA 2509377 C CA2509377 C CA 2509377C
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- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- joint
- rotation
- holding arm
- axis
- piston
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C11/00—Pivots; Pivotal connections
- F16C11/04—Pivotal connections
- F16C11/10—Arrangements for locking
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
- A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
- A61B17/88—Osteosynthesis instruments; Methods or means for implanting or extracting internal or external fixation devices
- A61B17/8866—Osteosynthesis instruments; Methods or means for implanting or extracting internal or external fixation devices for gripping or pushing bones, e.g. approximators
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16M—FRAMES, CASINGS OR BEDS OF ENGINES, MACHINES OR APPARATUS, NOT SPECIFIC TO ENGINES, MACHINES OR APPARATUS PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; STANDS; SUPPORTS
- F16M11/00—Stands or trestles as supports for apparatus or articles placed thereon Stands for scientific apparatus such as gravitational force meters
- F16M11/02—Heads
- F16M11/04—Means for attachment of apparatus; Means allowing adjustment of the apparatus relatively to the stand
- F16M11/06—Means for attachment of apparatus; Means allowing adjustment of the apparatus relatively to the stand allowing pivoting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/02—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets for holding wounds open; Tractors
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
- A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
- A61B17/60—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like for external osteosynthesis, e.g. distractors, contractors
- A61B17/64—Devices extending alongside the bones to be positioned
- A61B17/645—Devices extending alongside the bones to be positioned comprising a framework
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16M—FRAMES, CASINGS OR BEDS OF ENGINES, MACHINES OR APPARATUS, NOT SPECIFIC TO ENGINES, MACHINES OR APPARATUS PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; STANDS; SUPPORTS
- F16M2200/00—Details of stands or supports
- F16M2200/02—Locking means
- F16M2200/021—Locking means for rotational movement
- F16M2200/024—Locking means for rotational movement by positive interaction, e.g. male-female connections
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T403/00—Joints and connections
- Y10T403/32—Articulated members
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T403/00—Joints and connections
- Y10T403/32—Articulated members
- Y10T403/32254—Lockable at fixed position
- Y10T403/32262—At selected angle
- Y10T403/32319—At selected angle including pivot stud
- Y10T403/32368—At selected angle including pivot stud including radial interengaging tongue and slot or serrations
Abstract
The invention relates to a joint (4) for movably connecting two stabilizing elements (2; 3), which comprises A) at least two joint segments (30; 31) which can be rotated relative each other, whereby B) one joint segment (30; 31) each is linked with one of the stabilizing elements (2; 3) each, and C) the joint (4) can be releasably locked by locking means (8), and D) said locking means (8) can be locked and/or unlocked by means of a fluid that is supplied and/or discharged via conduits (11).
Description
JOINT FOR MOVABLY CONNECTING TWO STABILIZING ELEMENTS
The invention relates to a joint for movably connecting two stabilizing ............. .
elements, as well as to a holding device for bones, particularly bone fragments.
The correct alignment of bone fragments is an essential surgical step in osteosynthesis. In the repositioning bone fragments, for example, in the case of long bones, the pelvis, or bone joints, relatively large forces may act on the bone fragments, so that a holding device for bone fragments can be very advantageous for the surgeon. Using such a device, one of the main fragments can be held in place after it has been aligned approximately, so that its position remains unchanged even in the case of long reduction procedures.
A holding device for use during a surgical intervention is known from U.S. 4,431,329 BAITELLA. This known device comprises two stabilizing elements that can be pivoted relative to one another, which each have a joint at the end, in addition to the joint between the stabilizing elements. All three joints can be locked in place by means of locking means, which can be activated by means of a single operating organ. The function of the locking means as well as their activation takes place purely mechanically. The joint, disposed between the relatively long stabilizing elements, are locked by a friction lock by tightening a screw connection.
manually. It is a disadvantage of this known holding device that it is restricted to relatively small locking forces and therefore to relatively short stabilizing elements.
The invention seeks to provide a remedy here. The invention is based on the task of creating a releasably lockable joint between two stabilizing elements, which permits stable locking of the joint between the stabilizing elements even when large forces are acting on the stabilizing elements of a holding device.
One aspect of the present invention is a joint movably connecting two stabilizing elements, the joint comprising: first and second segments that can rotate relative to each other about an axis of rotation, each joint segment connected to a respective stabilizing element extending radially outward from the axis of rotation, the respective stabilizing elements pivoting relative to one another, the first joint segment having a cavity coaxial to the axis of rotation; locking means for releasably locking the joint, the locking means comprising a piston displaceable in the cavity and parallel to the axis of rotation; a line one of supplying and discharging a fluid in communication with the locking means wherein the locking means can be locked by the fluid being supplied and unlocked by the fluid being discharged via the line; wherein: the piston can be pressed against the second joint segment by means of supplying or discharging fluid; the piston comprises a front face that stands crosswise to the axis of rotation, the front face operative to be pressed against the second joint segment; the piston also comprises a rear face that stands crosswise to the axis of rotation; the fluid can have pressure applied to it and can be supplied to the cavity delimited by the rear face of the piston via the line; and the second joint segment comprises a contact surface that stands crosswise to the axis of rotation and is directed against the first joint segment, the contact surface and the front face of the piston comprising toothed gear wheels that can be brought into engagement with one another.
In another aspect there is provided a holding arm for bones, particularly bone fragments, comprising: at least one joint movably connecting two stabilizing elements as recited above; at least two stabilizing elements each having two ends, each joint connecting two stabilizing at a respective end of each stabilizing element, each stabilizing element connected to the joint at a respective joint segment of the joint.
In another aspect there is provided a holding device for bones, particularly bone fragments, comprising: a holding arm for bones as recited above; and an attachment device operative to secure the holding arm in place on an object fixed in position relative to a patient, the attachment device disposed on a first end of the holding arm; and a bone fixation 2a device disposed on a second end of the holding arm operative to releasably secure a bone or a bone fragment of the patient.
The advantages achieved by the invention can be seen to lie essentially therein that, due to the inventive joint, a high locking force can be exerted on the joint by the fluid-driven locking means, so that, even when high torques are exerted on the joint, the stabilizing elements of a holding arm can be held in an exact position, and precise positioning of a bone or bone fragment attached to a stabilizing element, for example, is made possible even during a repositioning procedure that takes a long time.
The fluid for locking the joint or joints is preferably compressed air.
Instead of compressed air, the locking means can also be operated by means of a vacuum.
In the preferred embodiment, the inventive joint has only a single axis of rotation. In comparison with ball joints having several axes of rotation, this embodiment enables the releasably lockable joint to be configured in a simple manner, for example by means of a single pneumatic cylinder.
In another embodiment of the inventive joint, the first joint segment has a cavity coaxial to the axis of rotation, while the locking means comprise a piston that is displaceable in the cavity, parallel to the axis of rotation, which piston can be pressed against the second joint segment by means of supplying and/or discharging the fluid. In this manner, a pneumatic cylinder operated with compressed air, for example, can be integrated into the joint parts, thereby making it possible to achieve a compact construction of the joint. The piston is preferably guided by a coaxial axle and at least one second axle that is disposed eccentrically in the cavity, whereby both axles are fixed to the first joint segment. In this way, an exact coaxial displaceability of the piston is guaranteed, while a rotation of the piston relative to the first joint segment is prevented by the eccentric axle.
Preferably, the piston has a front face that stands crosswise to the axis of rotation and can be pressed against the second joint segment, and a rear face that stands crosswise to the axis of rotation. If the fluid has pressure applied to it, it is preferably guided into the cavity delimited and sealed by the rear face of the piston, via the lines. In the case of an operating mode of the locking means by means of a vacuum, a cavity between the front face of the piston and the second joint segment, for example, can be evacuated.
In another embodiment of the inventive joint, the contact surface of the second joint segment that stands crosswise to the axis of rotation, directed against the first joint segment, as well as the front face of the piston, are provided with toothed gear wheels that can be brought into engagement with one another. By means of these toothed gear wheels, which can be brought into positive-lock engagement, the holding force that prevents a relative rotation of the two joint segments about the axis of rotation in the locked state can be significantly increased. The toothed gear wheels are structured in such a manner that the joint can be locked in steps, at a specific angle of rotation. The size of the steps is dependent on the size of the joint.
The invention relates to a joint for movably connecting two stabilizing ............. .
elements, as well as to a holding device for bones, particularly bone fragments.
The correct alignment of bone fragments is an essential surgical step in osteosynthesis. In the repositioning bone fragments, for example, in the case of long bones, the pelvis, or bone joints, relatively large forces may act on the bone fragments, so that a holding device for bone fragments can be very advantageous for the surgeon. Using such a device, one of the main fragments can be held in place after it has been aligned approximately, so that its position remains unchanged even in the case of long reduction procedures.
A holding device for use during a surgical intervention is known from U.S. 4,431,329 BAITELLA. This known device comprises two stabilizing elements that can be pivoted relative to one another, which each have a joint at the end, in addition to the joint between the stabilizing elements. All three joints can be locked in place by means of locking means, which can be activated by means of a single operating organ. The function of the locking means as well as their activation takes place purely mechanically. The joint, disposed between the relatively long stabilizing elements, are locked by a friction lock by tightening a screw connection.
manually. It is a disadvantage of this known holding device that it is restricted to relatively small locking forces and therefore to relatively short stabilizing elements.
The invention seeks to provide a remedy here. The invention is based on the task of creating a releasably lockable joint between two stabilizing elements, which permits stable locking of the joint between the stabilizing elements even when large forces are acting on the stabilizing elements of a holding device.
One aspect of the present invention is a joint movably connecting two stabilizing elements, the joint comprising: first and second segments that can rotate relative to each other about an axis of rotation, each joint segment connected to a respective stabilizing element extending radially outward from the axis of rotation, the respective stabilizing elements pivoting relative to one another, the first joint segment having a cavity coaxial to the axis of rotation; locking means for releasably locking the joint, the locking means comprising a piston displaceable in the cavity and parallel to the axis of rotation; a line one of supplying and discharging a fluid in communication with the locking means wherein the locking means can be locked by the fluid being supplied and unlocked by the fluid being discharged via the line; wherein: the piston can be pressed against the second joint segment by means of supplying or discharging fluid; the piston comprises a front face that stands crosswise to the axis of rotation, the front face operative to be pressed against the second joint segment; the piston also comprises a rear face that stands crosswise to the axis of rotation; the fluid can have pressure applied to it and can be supplied to the cavity delimited by the rear face of the piston via the line; and the second joint segment comprises a contact surface that stands crosswise to the axis of rotation and is directed against the first joint segment, the contact surface and the front face of the piston comprising toothed gear wheels that can be brought into engagement with one another.
In another aspect there is provided a holding arm for bones, particularly bone fragments, comprising: at least one joint movably connecting two stabilizing elements as recited above; at least two stabilizing elements each having two ends, each joint connecting two stabilizing at a respective end of each stabilizing element, each stabilizing element connected to the joint at a respective joint segment of the joint.
In another aspect there is provided a holding device for bones, particularly bone fragments, comprising: a holding arm for bones as recited above; and an attachment device operative to secure the holding arm in place on an object fixed in position relative to a patient, the attachment device disposed on a first end of the holding arm; and a bone fixation 2a device disposed on a second end of the holding arm operative to releasably secure a bone or a bone fragment of the patient.
The advantages achieved by the invention can be seen to lie essentially therein that, due to the inventive joint, a high locking force can be exerted on the joint by the fluid-driven locking means, so that, even when high torques are exerted on the joint, the stabilizing elements of a holding arm can be held in an exact position, and precise positioning of a bone or bone fragment attached to a stabilizing element, for example, is made possible even during a repositioning procedure that takes a long time.
The fluid for locking the joint or joints is preferably compressed air.
Instead of compressed air, the locking means can also be operated by means of a vacuum.
In the preferred embodiment, the inventive joint has only a single axis of rotation. In comparison with ball joints having several axes of rotation, this embodiment enables the releasably lockable joint to be configured in a simple manner, for example by means of a single pneumatic cylinder.
In another embodiment of the inventive joint, the first joint segment has a cavity coaxial to the axis of rotation, while the locking means comprise a piston that is displaceable in the cavity, parallel to the axis of rotation, which piston can be pressed against the second joint segment by means of supplying and/or discharging the fluid. In this manner, a pneumatic cylinder operated with compressed air, for example, can be integrated into the joint parts, thereby making it possible to achieve a compact construction of the joint. The piston is preferably guided by a coaxial axle and at least one second axle that is disposed eccentrically in the cavity, whereby both axles are fixed to the first joint segment. In this way, an exact coaxial displaceability of the piston is guaranteed, while a rotation of the piston relative to the first joint segment is prevented by the eccentric axle.
Preferably, the piston has a front face that stands crosswise to the axis of rotation and can be pressed against the second joint segment, and a rear face that stands crosswise to the axis of rotation. If the fluid has pressure applied to it, it is preferably guided into the cavity delimited and sealed by the rear face of the piston, via the lines. In the case of an operating mode of the locking means by means of a vacuum, a cavity between the front face of the piston and the second joint segment, for example, can be evacuated.
In another embodiment of the inventive joint, the contact surface of the second joint segment that stands crosswise to the axis of rotation, directed against the first joint segment, as well as the front face of the piston, are provided with toothed gear wheels that can be brought into engagement with one another. By means of these toothed gear wheels, which can be brought into positive-lock engagement, the holding force that prevents a relative rotation of the two joint segments about the axis of rotation in the locked state can be significantly increased. The toothed gear wheels are structured in such a manner that the joint can be locked in steps, at a specific angle of rotation. The size of the steps is dependent on the size of the joint.
In another embodiment of the inventive joint to the invention, the toothed gear wheels are structured in such a manner that the joint can be locked in steps for an angle of rotation of 2 .
In yet another embodiment of the inventive joint, the second joint segment comprises elastic deformable means that can be elastically compressed, parallel to the axis of rotation, in the case of a displacement of the piston against the second joint segment. Preferably, these elastic means are structured as pressure springs that are disposed between the second joint segment and the piston. In this way, locking of the joint by means of the locking means is merely performed by means of a fluid to which pressure or vacuum is applied, while unlocking takes place by means of the spring force of the elastic deformable means.
In another embodiment of the inventive joint, the second joint segment comprises a second cavity that can be delimited relative to the first joint segment by the piston, instead of the elastically deformable means. A fluid to which pressure is applied can be supplied to the second cavity by way of a second lines [sic -"a" and plural]. In this embodiment, the locking means act as dual-action cylinders, for example compressed air cylinders.
Preferably, at least one connection element for the lines is affixed to the housing of the first joint segment, so that fluid to be supplied and/or discharged in the lines can be supplied to or discharged from the cavity of the first joint segment by means of these connection elements.
In a preferred embodiment of the inventive holding arm, this arm comprises at least two stabilizing elements disposed between its two ends, two stabilizing elements of which are movably connected with one another by means of a joint, in each instance. In this connection, one of the two stabilizing elements connected by means of a joint, in each instance, is connected with a joint segment of this joint, in each instance.
The inventive holding device serves to fix bones or bone fragments of a patient in place on an object that is preferably fixed in place relative to the patient, for example an operating table or operating chair. Positioning of the holding device on the ceiling of the operating room, or a free-standing set-up of the holding device on the floor of the operating room, or leaning against another object, is also possible.
The holding device comprises a movable holding arm having a first end and a second end, whereby at least one first and one second stabilizing element, connected by means of a joint, are disposed on the holding arm between the first and the second end. Attachment means for fixing the holding arm in place on an object fixed in place relative to the patient, for example the operating table, are disposed on the first end of the holding arm, while fixation means for releasable fixation of a bone or bone fragment of a patient are disposed on the second end of the holding arm.
In a preferred embodiment of the inventive holding device, this device comprises at least two, preferably three joints. The axes of rotation of the individual joints can run parallel, or be disposed at a slant, preferably perpendicular to one another, so that in the case of an embodiment having three joints, the second end of the holding arm can be moved in space relative to three coordinate axes that stand perpendicular to one another.
In another embodiment of the inventive holding device, the device comprises three stabilizing elements and four joints, whereby one joint is disposed between each of two stabilizing elements, one joint between the one end-position stabilizing element and the attachment means, and another joint between the second end-position stabilizing element and the fixation means. This embodiment permits a movement of the holding arm relative to the operating table, on the one hand, and on the other, the fixation means can be aligned relative to the holding arm.
Therefore the holding arm can be positioned by the surgeon when the joints are unlocked, and locked in the desired position by means of a single switch, for example a foot switch, after the second end has been fixed in place on the bone or bone fragment to be held in place by means of the fixation means.
Instead of simultaneous locking of all the joints disposed on the holding arm, by means of activating a single switch, the control and/or the lines for supply or discharge of the fluid can be laid out in such a manner that the joints can be individually locked by means of activating one or more switches.
In addition to Kirschner wires, bone clamps, Schanz screws, plates, or endomedullar hooks or nails can be used as fixation means.
The attachment means for fixing the holding arm in place, for example on the operating table, can comprise one or more clamping jaws, whereby because of the weight of the holding arm, a carrier is preferably passed through below the operating table, between two side edges of the operating table, so that attachment takes place on both sides of the operating table, making it possible to better absorb the forces and torques that occur due to the weight of the holding arm. The weight of the holding arm can then be compensated by means of a gas pressure spring, for example.
The invention and further developments of the invention will be explained in greater detail in the following, on the basis of the representations, some of them schematic, of several exemplary embodiments.
In the drawings:
Fig. 1 shows a section through an embodiment of the joint of the invention;
Fig. 2 shows a perspective view of an embodiment of the inventive holding device;
and Fig. 3 shows a perspective view of an embodiment of the device of the invention, having three joints.
Fig. 1 shows an embodiment of the inventive joint 4, having a joint 4 operated with compressed air, having only a single axis of rotation, between two stabilizing elements 2; 3. The joint 4 comprises two joint segments 30; 31 that can rotate relative to one another about an axis of rotation 12, each of which is connected with one of the stabilizing elements 2; 3, in each instance. The two joint segments 30;
31 are held together axially by means of a bolt 21 that is coaxial to the axis of rotation 12. The bolt 21 is accommodated in a bore 22 that passes coaxially through the two joint segments 30; 31, and has a head 24 that is enlarged in diameter at its end that is accommodated in the first joint segment 30. A screw 23 that can be screwed in perpendicular to the axis of rotation 12 is disposed in the second joint segment 31, by means of which the bolt 21 is secured in the bore 22 axially and rotationally, when the joint segments 30; 31 rest against one another. The joint 4 can be locked and unlocked by means of locking means 8. These locking means 8 can have compressed air applied to them by way of a line 11, whereby here, the locking means 8 can be locked by supplying compressed air, and unlocked by discharging compressed air.
The first joint segment 30 consists of a housing 14 having a hollow-cylinder journal 15 concentric to the axis of rotation 12, and has a cavity 32 coaxial to the axis of rotation 12. Here, the locking means 8 for locking the joint 4 consist of a piston 33 that is displaceable in the cavity 32, parallel to the axis of rotation 12, which can be pressed against the second joint segment 31 by means of supplying or discharging compressed air. The piston 33 comprises a front face 35 that stands crosswise to the axis of rotation 12 and can be pressed against the second joint segment 31, and a rear face 36 that stands crosswise to the axis of rotation 12. The compressed air can be supplied to the cavity 32 delimited by the second face 36 of the piston 33 by way of the line 11. The piston 33 is also structured as a hollow cylinder and mounted on the journal 15, displaceable parallel to the axis of rotation 12. Here, the second joint segment 31 consists of two parts 16, 17 that are disposed axially one behind the other and are rigidly connected with one another by means of four screws 18. The first part 16 of the second joint segment 31 has a contact surface 34 that stands crosswise to the axis of rotation 12, directed against the first joint segment 30. This contact surface 34 as well as the front face 35 of the piston 33 are provided with ring-shaped toothed gear wheels 38 that can be brought into engagement with one another and are concentric to the axis of rotation 12. The ring-shaped toothed gear wheels 38 form the periphery of a second coaxial cavity 19, which penetrates into the first part 16 of the second joint segment 31 from the contact surface 34, on the one hand, and penetrates into the piston 3 [sic - should be 33] from the front face 35, on the other hand. The elastically deformable means 37, which are configured as pressure spring 13, are disposed in this second cavity 19. The three pressure springs 13 are uniformly distributed on the circumference and have ends that rest against the first part 16 of the second joint segment 31 and on the piston 33. These pressure springs 13 are elastically compressed, parallel to the axis of rotation 12, in the case of a displacement of the piston 33 against the second joint segment 31, so that in the case of a discharge of the compressed air in the cavity 32, the piston 33 is pushed back into its starting position when the joint 4 is unlocked, by means of the recovery force of the pressure springs 13. The piston 33 is secured against rotation about the axis of rotation 12 by means of a rotation-securing device 20, in the first joint segment 30.
Here, this rotation-securing device 20 comprises a cylindrical rod 25 that is accommodated, eccentrically with reference to the axis of rotation 12, in a notch 26 recessed into the periphery of the journal 15, on the one hand, and in a groove 27 made in the bore 28 in the piston 33, on the other hand. Furthermore, the cylindrical rod 25 is attached in the housing 14 at one of its ends.
Fig. 2 shows an embodiment of the inventive holding device, having a holding arm 1 comprising a first stabilizing element 2 and a second stabilizing element 3. The holding device essentially comprises a movable holding arm 1 having a first end 5 and a second end 6. The stabilizing elements 2; 3 are disposed between the two ends 5; 6, and are connected with one another by means of a joint 4, so as to rotate about the axis of rotation 12. Furthermore, the holding device comprises attachment means 7 at the first end 5 of the holding arm 1, which means are structured here as a rod that is attached to the operating table 29, and serve to fix the holding arm 1 in place on the operating table 29. Here, the attachment means 7 are connected with the first stabilizing element 2 so as to rotate. Fixation means 9, for example Kirschner wires for releasable fixation of the free end 6 to a bone 10 of bone fragment of a patient, are disposed on the second end 6 of the holding arm 1.
Fig. 3 shows an embodiment of the inventive holding device, having three stabilizing elements 2; 3; 40, of which two stabilizing elements 2; 3;
40, in each instance, are connected with one another by a joint 4, in each instance. The stabilizing element 2 that is in the end position on the first end 5 of the holding arm 1 is attached to a fixed object 41, by means of another joint 4, with the attachment means 7 configured as a clamp. Here, the axes of rotation 12 of the three joints 4 are parallel. Furthermore, the accommodations 42 for the fixation means 9 (Fig. 2) are connected with the end-position stabilizing element 40 on the second end 6 of the holding arm 1, to rotate about a second axis of rotation 39 that stands perpendicular to the axes of rotation 12. Connection elements 45 are affixed to the housings 14 of the joint segments 30, to which the lines 11 (Fig. 1 and 2) can be connected. In this connection, the lines 11 can be run in series or parallel, as needed. The control for the compressed air feed can, on the one hand, be configured in such a manner that the joints 4 can be locked individually, in any desired sequence, or one after the other, or, on the other hand, in such a manner that the joints 4 can be locked simultaneously.
In yet another embodiment of the inventive joint, the second joint segment comprises elastic deformable means that can be elastically compressed, parallel to the axis of rotation, in the case of a displacement of the piston against the second joint segment. Preferably, these elastic means are structured as pressure springs that are disposed between the second joint segment and the piston. In this way, locking of the joint by means of the locking means is merely performed by means of a fluid to which pressure or vacuum is applied, while unlocking takes place by means of the spring force of the elastic deformable means.
In another embodiment of the inventive joint, the second joint segment comprises a second cavity that can be delimited relative to the first joint segment by the piston, instead of the elastically deformable means. A fluid to which pressure is applied can be supplied to the second cavity by way of a second lines [sic -"a" and plural]. In this embodiment, the locking means act as dual-action cylinders, for example compressed air cylinders.
Preferably, at least one connection element for the lines is affixed to the housing of the first joint segment, so that fluid to be supplied and/or discharged in the lines can be supplied to or discharged from the cavity of the first joint segment by means of these connection elements.
In a preferred embodiment of the inventive holding arm, this arm comprises at least two stabilizing elements disposed between its two ends, two stabilizing elements of which are movably connected with one another by means of a joint, in each instance. In this connection, one of the two stabilizing elements connected by means of a joint, in each instance, is connected with a joint segment of this joint, in each instance.
The inventive holding device serves to fix bones or bone fragments of a patient in place on an object that is preferably fixed in place relative to the patient, for example an operating table or operating chair. Positioning of the holding device on the ceiling of the operating room, or a free-standing set-up of the holding device on the floor of the operating room, or leaning against another object, is also possible.
The holding device comprises a movable holding arm having a first end and a second end, whereby at least one first and one second stabilizing element, connected by means of a joint, are disposed on the holding arm between the first and the second end. Attachment means for fixing the holding arm in place on an object fixed in place relative to the patient, for example the operating table, are disposed on the first end of the holding arm, while fixation means for releasable fixation of a bone or bone fragment of a patient are disposed on the second end of the holding arm.
In a preferred embodiment of the inventive holding device, this device comprises at least two, preferably three joints. The axes of rotation of the individual joints can run parallel, or be disposed at a slant, preferably perpendicular to one another, so that in the case of an embodiment having three joints, the second end of the holding arm can be moved in space relative to three coordinate axes that stand perpendicular to one another.
In another embodiment of the inventive holding device, the device comprises three stabilizing elements and four joints, whereby one joint is disposed between each of two stabilizing elements, one joint between the one end-position stabilizing element and the attachment means, and another joint between the second end-position stabilizing element and the fixation means. This embodiment permits a movement of the holding arm relative to the operating table, on the one hand, and on the other, the fixation means can be aligned relative to the holding arm.
Therefore the holding arm can be positioned by the surgeon when the joints are unlocked, and locked in the desired position by means of a single switch, for example a foot switch, after the second end has been fixed in place on the bone or bone fragment to be held in place by means of the fixation means.
Instead of simultaneous locking of all the joints disposed on the holding arm, by means of activating a single switch, the control and/or the lines for supply or discharge of the fluid can be laid out in such a manner that the joints can be individually locked by means of activating one or more switches.
In addition to Kirschner wires, bone clamps, Schanz screws, plates, or endomedullar hooks or nails can be used as fixation means.
The attachment means for fixing the holding arm in place, for example on the operating table, can comprise one or more clamping jaws, whereby because of the weight of the holding arm, a carrier is preferably passed through below the operating table, between two side edges of the operating table, so that attachment takes place on both sides of the operating table, making it possible to better absorb the forces and torques that occur due to the weight of the holding arm. The weight of the holding arm can then be compensated by means of a gas pressure spring, for example.
The invention and further developments of the invention will be explained in greater detail in the following, on the basis of the representations, some of them schematic, of several exemplary embodiments.
In the drawings:
Fig. 1 shows a section through an embodiment of the joint of the invention;
Fig. 2 shows a perspective view of an embodiment of the inventive holding device;
and Fig. 3 shows a perspective view of an embodiment of the device of the invention, having three joints.
Fig. 1 shows an embodiment of the inventive joint 4, having a joint 4 operated with compressed air, having only a single axis of rotation, between two stabilizing elements 2; 3. The joint 4 comprises two joint segments 30; 31 that can rotate relative to one another about an axis of rotation 12, each of which is connected with one of the stabilizing elements 2; 3, in each instance. The two joint segments 30;
31 are held together axially by means of a bolt 21 that is coaxial to the axis of rotation 12. The bolt 21 is accommodated in a bore 22 that passes coaxially through the two joint segments 30; 31, and has a head 24 that is enlarged in diameter at its end that is accommodated in the first joint segment 30. A screw 23 that can be screwed in perpendicular to the axis of rotation 12 is disposed in the second joint segment 31, by means of which the bolt 21 is secured in the bore 22 axially and rotationally, when the joint segments 30; 31 rest against one another. The joint 4 can be locked and unlocked by means of locking means 8. These locking means 8 can have compressed air applied to them by way of a line 11, whereby here, the locking means 8 can be locked by supplying compressed air, and unlocked by discharging compressed air.
The first joint segment 30 consists of a housing 14 having a hollow-cylinder journal 15 concentric to the axis of rotation 12, and has a cavity 32 coaxial to the axis of rotation 12. Here, the locking means 8 for locking the joint 4 consist of a piston 33 that is displaceable in the cavity 32, parallel to the axis of rotation 12, which can be pressed against the second joint segment 31 by means of supplying or discharging compressed air. The piston 33 comprises a front face 35 that stands crosswise to the axis of rotation 12 and can be pressed against the second joint segment 31, and a rear face 36 that stands crosswise to the axis of rotation 12. The compressed air can be supplied to the cavity 32 delimited by the second face 36 of the piston 33 by way of the line 11. The piston 33 is also structured as a hollow cylinder and mounted on the journal 15, displaceable parallel to the axis of rotation 12. Here, the second joint segment 31 consists of two parts 16, 17 that are disposed axially one behind the other and are rigidly connected with one another by means of four screws 18. The first part 16 of the second joint segment 31 has a contact surface 34 that stands crosswise to the axis of rotation 12, directed against the first joint segment 30. This contact surface 34 as well as the front face 35 of the piston 33 are provided with ring-shaped toothed gear wheels 38 that can be brought into engagement with one another and are concentric to the axis of rotation 12. The ring-shaped toothed gear wheels 38 form the periphery of a second coaxial cavity 19, which penetrates into the first part 16 of the second joint segment 31 from the contact surface 34, on the one hand, and penetrates into the piston 3 [sic - should be 33] from the front face 35, on the other hand. The elastically deformable means 37, which are configured as pressure spring 13, are disposed in this second cavity 19. The three pressure springs 13 are uniformly distributed on the circumference and have ends that rest against the first part 16 of the second joint segment 31 and on the piston 33. These pressure springs 13 are elastically compressed, parallel to the axis of rotation 12, in the case of a displacement of the piston 33 against the second joint segment 31, so that in the case of a discharge of the compressed air in the cavity 32, the piston 33 is pushed back into its starting position when the joint 4 is unlocked, by means of the recovery force of the pressure springs 13. The piston 33 is secured against rotation about the axis of rotation 12 by means of a rotation-securing device 20, in the first joint segment 30.
Here, this rotation-securing device 20 comprises a cylindrical rod 25 that is accommodated, eccentrically with reference to the axis of rotation 12, in a notch 26 recessed into the periphery of the journal 15, on the one hand, and in a groove 27 made in the bore 28 in the piston 33, on the other hand. Furthermore, the cylindrical rod 25 is attached in the housing 14 at one of its ends.
Fig. 2 shows an embodiment of the inventive holding device, having a holding arm 1 comprising a first stabilizing element 2 and a second stabilizing element 3. The holding device essentially comprises a movable holding arm 1 having a first end 5 and a second end 6. The stabilizing elements 2; 3 are disposed between the two ends 5; 6, and are connected with one another by means of a joint 4, so as to rotate about the axis of rotation 12. Furthermore, the holding device comprises attachment means 7 at the first end 5 of the holding arm 1, which means are structured here as a rod that is attached to the operating table 29, and serve to fix the holding arm 1 in place on the operating table 29. Here, the attachment means 7 are connected with the first stabilizing element 2 so as to rotate. Fixation means 9, for example Kirschner wires for releasable fixation of the free end 6 to a bone 10 of bone fragment of a patient, are disposed on the second end 6 of the holding arm 1.
Fig. 3 shows an embodiment of the inventive holding device, having three stabilizing elements 2; 3; 40, of which two stabilizing elements 2; 3;
40, in each instance, are connected with one another by a joint 4, in each instance. The stabilizing element 2 that is in the end position on the first end 5 of the holding arm 1 is attached to a fixed object 41, by means of another joint 4, with the attachment means 7 configured as a clamp. Here, the axes of rotation 12 of the three joints 4 are parallel. Furthermore, the accommodations 42 for the fixation means 9 (Fig. 2) are connected with the end-position stabilizing element 40 on the second end 6 of the holding arm 1, to rotate about a second axis of rotation 39 that stands perpendicular to the axes of rotation 12. Connection elements 45 are affixed to the housings 14 of the joint segments 30, to which the lines 11 (Fig. 1 and 2) can be connected. In this connection, the lines 11 can be run in series or parallel, as needed. The control for the compressed air feed can, on the one hand, be configured in such a manner that the joints 4 can be locked individually, in any desired sequence, or one after the other, or, on the other hand, in such a manner that the joints 4 can be locked simultaneously.
Claims (15)
1. A joint movably connecting two stabilizing elements, the joint comprising:
first and second segments that can rotate relative to each other about an axis of rotation, each joint segment connected to a respective stabilizing element extending radially outward from the axis of rotation, the respective stabilizing elements pivoting relative to one another, the first joint segment having a cavity coaxial to the axis of rotation;
locking means for releasably locking the joint, the locking means comprising a piston displaceable in the cavity and parallel to the axis of rotation;
a line one of supplying and discharging a fluid in communication with the locking means wherein the locking means can be locked by the fluid being supplied and unlocked by the fluid being discharged via the line; wherein:
the piston can be pressed against the second joint segment by means of supplying or discharging fluid;
the piston comprises a front face that stands crosswise to the axis of rotation, the front face operative to be pressed against the second joint segment;
the piston also comprises a rear face that stands crosswise to the axis of rotation;
the fluid can have pressure applied to it and can be supplied to the cavity delimited by the rear face of the piston via the line; and the second joint segment comprises a contact surface that stands crosswise to the axis of rotation and is directed against the first joint segment, the contact surface and the front face of the piston comprising toothed gear wheels that can be brought into engagement with one another.
first and second segments that can rotate relative to each other about an axis of rotation, each joint segment connected to a respective stabilizing element extending radially outward from the axis of rotation, the respective stabilizing elements pivoting relative to one another, the first joint segment having a cavity coaxial to the axis of rotation;
locking means for releasably locking the joint, the locking means comprising a piston displaceable in the cavity and parallel to the axis of rotation;
a line one of supplying and discharging a fluid in communication with the locking means wherein the locking means can be locked by the fluid being supplied and unlocked by the fluid being discharged via the line; wherein:
the piston can be pressed against the second joint segment by means of supplying or discharging fluid;
the piston comprises a front face that stands crosswise to the axis of rotation, the front face operative to be pressed against the second joint segment;
the piston also comprises a rear face that stands crosswise to the axis of rotation;
the fluid can have pressure applied to it and can be supplied to the cavity delimited by the rear face of the piston via the line; and the second joint segment comprises a contact surface that stands crosswise to the axis of rotation and is directed against the first joint segment, the contact surface and the front face of the piston comprising toothed gear wheels that can be brought into engagement with one another.
2. The joint of claim 1 wherein the first and second joint segments can be rotated relative to one another about only the axis of rotation.
3. The joint of claim 1 wherein the second joint segment comprises elastic deformable means that can be elastically compressed parallel to the axis of rotation in response to a displacement of the piston against the second joint segment.
4. The joint of claim 1 wherein:
the second joint segment has a cavity that can be delimited relative to the first joint segment by means of the piston; and the joint further comprises a second line in communication with the cavity of the second joint segment to supply the cavity with a fluid to which pressure can be applied, the second line one of supplying and discharging the fluid to which the pressure is applied.
the second joint segment has a cavity that can be delimited relative to the first joint segment by means of the piston; and the joint further comprises a second line in communication with the cavity of the second joint segment to supply the cavity with a fluid to which pressure can be applied, the second line one of supplying and discharging the fluid to which the pressure is applied.
5. The joint of claim 4 wherein the first joint segment has a housing that comprises a least one connection element for the second line to supply or discharge fluid to or from the second joint segment cavity.
6. The joint of claim 1 further comprising a rotation-securing device secured to the piston in the first joint segment to prevent rotation about the axis of rotation.
7. The joint of claim 1 wherein the stabilizing elements are rod-shaped and connected to one of the joint segments at least at an end of an element.
8. A holding arm for bones, particularly bone fragments, comprising:
at least one joint of claim 1;
at least two stabilizing elements each having two ends, each joint connecting two stabilizing at a respective end of each stabilizing element, each stabilizing element connected to the joint at a respective joint segment of the joint.
at least one joint of claim 1;
at least two stabilizing elements each having two ends, each joint connecting two stabilizing at a respective end of each stabilizing element, each stabilizing element connected to the joint at a respective joint segment of the joint.
9. The holding arm of claim 8 comprising at least two of the joints of claim 1.
10. The holding arm of claim 8 comprising at least three of the joints of claim 1.
11. The holding arm of claim 8 comprising first, second, and third stabilizing elements and two joints, wherein one joint is disposed between the first and second stabilizing elements and the other joint is disposed between the second and third stabilizing elements.
12. The holding arm of claim 11 further comprising two additional joints, one additional joint disposed between the first stabilizing element and an attachment device operative to secure the holding arm to an object, and the other additional joint disposed between the third stabilizing element and a bone fixation device.
13. The holding arm of claim 8 wherein the axes of rotation of at least two joints are nonparallel to one another.
14. The holding arm of claim 8 wherein the axes of rotation of at least two joints run parallel to one another.
15. A holding device for bones, particularly bone fragments, comprising:
a holding arm of claim 8; and an attachment device operative to secure the holding arm in place on an object fixed in position relative to a patient, the attachment device disposed on a first end of the holding arm, and a bone fixation device disposed on a second end of the holding arm operative to releasably secure a bone or a bone fragment of the patient.
a holding arm of claim 8; and an attachment device operative to secure the holding arm in place on an object fixed in position relative to a patient, the attachment device disposed on a first end of the holding arm, and a bone fixation device disposed on a second end of the holding arm operative to releasably secure a bone or a bone fragment of the patient.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/CH2002/000676 WO2004053382A1 (en) | 2002-12-09 | 2002-12-09 | Joint for movably connecting two stabilizing elements |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2509377A1 CA2509377A1 (en) | 2004-06-24 |
| CA2509377C true CA2509377C (en) | 2013-02-12 |
Family
ID=32477086
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA2509377A Expired - Fee Related CA2509377C (en) | 2002-12-09 | 2002-12-09 | Joint for movably connecting two stabilizing elements |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US8016510B2 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU2002349249A1 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2509377C (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2004053382A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102007006892A1 (en) | 2007-02-13 | 2008-08-14 | University Of Dundee | Holding device for medical purposes, has joint with two joint parts, which has meshed bosh element in warp connection with one another and mutual bosh elements are aligned perpendicular to support arm |
| WO2016085547A1 (en) * | 2014-11-25 | 2016-06-02 | Cummins Inc. | Jointed stall bar attachment |
| EP3224002B1 (en) * | 2014-11-25 | 2020-11-18 | Cummins, Inc. | Jointed stall bar attachment |
| CN107928956A (en) * | 2017-11-28 | 2018-04-20 | 北京积水潭医院 | A kind of reduction of the fracture grasping device based on operating bed |
| CN109611445B (en) * | 2018-11-21 | 2024-01-12 | 航宇救生装备有限公司 | Device with quick locking function |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2792813A (en) * | 1956-04-17 | 1957-05-21 | Carl M Fixman | Servo-operated hydraulic power system |
| US3509876A (en) * | 1966-10-18 | 1970-05-05 | Stierlen Werke Ag | Apparatus for the treatment of bone fractures |
| US3638973A (en) * | 1969-06-04 | 1972-02-01 | Charles Ellis Poletti | Joint means for use in work supporting arm |
| US3760911A (en) * | 1971-12-22 | 1973-09-25 | Porter Co P L | Hydraulic locking device |
| DE3104353A1 (en) | 1980-02-15 | 1981-12-17 | Carlo 8050 Zürich Baitella | JOINT TRIPOD |
| AT380935B (en) * | 1980-12-11 | 1986-07-25 | Durand Francois | CLUTCH FOR FRICTIONAL ROTATING CONNECTION OF MACHINE PARTS, E.g. HUB AND SHAFT |
| NZ213967A (en) * | 1985-09-16 | 1988-10-28 | Read Eze Systems Ltd | Adjustable support for document holder with adjustable cursor |
| SE461607B (en) * | 1988-07-04 | 1990-03-05 | Metalform Safeset Ab | Torque limiting coupling device |
| US5020933A (en) * | 1989-09-01 | 1991-06-04 | Andronic Devices, Ltd. | Locking mechanism for medical devices |
| US5123768A (en) * | 1991-08-06 | 1992-06-23 | Franklin Ronald D | Articulating positioning device for tools |
| FR2692952B1 (en) * | 1992-06-25 | 1996-04-05 | Psi | IMPROVED SHOCK ABSORBER WITH MOVEMENT LIMIT. |
| US5431659A (en) * | 1993-08-17 | 1995-07-11 | Texas Scottish Rite Hospital For Children | Pneumatic wire tensioner |
| FR2711506B1 (en) * | 1993-10-21 | 1995-12-29 | Ognier Jean Francois | Support device for medical or surgical instrument. |
| US5694818A (en) * | 1995-12-11 | 1997-12-09 | Nickipuck; Michael F. | Locking joint for a ratchet wrench |
| US6340354B1 (en) * | 1996-05-17 | 2002-01-22 | Christopher L Rambin | Automated compulsory blood extraction system |
| US5824007A (en) * | 1996-12-03 | 1998-10-20 | Simon Fraser University | Adjustable surgical stand |
| US5765958A (en) * | 1997-03-17 | 1998-06-16 | Lan; Red | Pivot joint for a stroller frame |
| US6213671B1 (en) * | 1999-01-19 | 2001-04-10 | Britesmile, Inc. | Adjustable articulated positioning device |
| SE515199C2 (en) * | 1999-11-11 | 2001-06-25 | Svenska Prec Sverktyg Ab | Locking device for one shaft |
| FI109462B (en) * | 2000-03-10 | 2002-08-15 | Timberjack Oy | Locking device for swivel joint |
| US6428071B2 (en) * | 2000-03-27 | 2002-08-06 | Millo Bertini | Gripper with enhanced opening range |
| JP2001295907A (en) * | 2000-04-12 | 2001-10-26 | Smc Corp | Backlash absorbing mechanism for rack and pinion type rocking device |
| DE10032590A1 (en) * | 2000-07-07 | 2002-01-17 | Skf Gmbh | Lockable storage unit |
| US6632170B1 (en) * | 2000-11-27 | 2003-10-14 | Biomec Inc. | Articulated arm for holding surgical instruments |
| DE10059423A1 (en) * | 2000-11-30 | 2002-06-13 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Device for conveying liquids, in particular fuel |
| US6503018B2 (en) * | 2001-03-15 | 2003-01-07 | Link Treasure Limited | Structure of handlebar joint |
-
2002
- 2002-12-09 AU AU2002349249A patent/AU2002349249A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2002-12-09 WO PCT/CH2002/000676 patent/WO2004053382A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2002-12-09 CA CA2509377A patent/CA2509377C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2005
- 2005-06-09 US US11/150,583 patent/US8016510B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US8016510B2 (en) | 2011-09-13 |
| AU2002349249A1 (en) | 2004-06-30 |
| US20060056908A1 (en) | 2006-03-16 |
| CA2509377A1 (en) | 2004-06-24 |
| WO2004053382A1 (en) | 2004-06-24 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| EEER | Examination request | ||
| MKLA | Lapsed |
Effective date: 20151209 |
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| MKLA | Lapsed |
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