CA2539255A1 - Membrane electrode assembly with electrode catalyst present on ion-conductive domains - Google Patents

Membrane electrode assembly with electrode catalyst present on ion-conductive domains Download PDF

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Publication number
CA2539255A1
CA2539255A1 CA002539255A CA2539255A CA2539255A1 CA 2539255 A1 CA2539255 A1 CA 2539255A1 CA 002539255 A CA002539255 A CA 002539255A CA 2539255 A CA2539255 A CA 2539255A CA 2539255 A1 CA2539255 A1 CA 2539255A1
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CA
Canada
Prior art keywords
membrane
ion
solid polymer
electrode catalyst
electrolyte membrane
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Granted
Application number
CA002539255A
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French (fr)
Other versions
CA2539255C (en
Inventor
Minoru Umeda
Akifumi Yamada
Isamu Uchida
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Nagaoka University of Technology NUC
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Individual
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Publication of CA2539255A1 publication Critical patent/CA2539255A1/en
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Publication of CA2539255C publication Critical patent/CA2539255C/en
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
    • H01M8/1004—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by membrane-electrode assemblies [MEA]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/02—Details
    • H01M8/0289—Means for holding the electrolyte
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
    • H01M8/1016—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by the electrolyte material
    • H01M8/1018—Polymeric electrolyte materials
    • H01M8/102—Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by the chemical structure of the main chain of the ion-conducting polymer
    • H01M8/1023—Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by the chemical structure of the main chain of the ion-conducting polymer having only carbon, e.g. polyarylenes, polystyrenes or polybutadiene-styrenes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
    • H01M8/1016—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by the electrolyte material
    • H01M8/1018—Polymeric electrolyte materials
    • H01M8/1039—Polymeric electrolyte materials halogenated, e.g. sulfonated polyvinylidene fluorides
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
    • H01M8/1016—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by the electrolyte material
    • H01M8/1018—Polymeric electrolyte materials
    • H01M8/1041—Polymer electrolyte composites, mixtures or blends
    • H01M8/1044—Mixtures of polymers, of which at least one is ionically conductive
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
    • H01M8/1016—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by the electrolyte material
    • H01M8/1018—Polymeric electrolyte materials
    • H01M8/1058—Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by a porous support having no ion-conducting properties
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
    • H01M8/1016—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by the electrolyte material
    • H01M8/1018—Polymeric electrolyte materials
    • H01M8/1067—Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by their physical properties, e.g. porosity, ionic conductivity or thickness
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
    • H01M8/1016—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by the electrolyte material
    • H01M8/1018—Polymeric electrolyte materials
    • H01M8/1069—Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by the manufacturing processes
    • H01M8/1086—After-treatment of the membrane other than by polymerisation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

Abstract

A membrane electrode assembly where electrolytic catalyst is stuck selectively to the surface of a solid state polymer electrolytic membrane, its production method, and a solid state polymer electrolytic fuel cell comprising the membrane electrode assembly. Central technology of the fuel cell is a thin film device referred to as a membrane electrode assembly (MEA) where a solid state polymer electrolytic membrane (2) and an electrode are stuck together, and that device leads the practical use of a vehicle-mounted fuel cell or a home-use fuel cell. The current MEA poses such a problem that electrode catalyst is applied to the entire surface of the electrolytic membrane (2) having a structure of being-phase separated into an ion conduction domain (3) and a ion nonconduction domain (4),but only the electrode catalyst touching the ion conduction domain participates in electrode reaction, thus wasting a large quantity of electrode catalyst that does not participate in electrode reaction. That problem is solved by spraying liquid containing an electrode catalyst and a solvent to the surface of the electrolytic membrane (2) by an electrostatic spraying method, thereby deposit the electrode catalyst (5) selectively to that surface part of the electrolytic membrane (2) corresponding to the ion conduction domain (3).

Claims (11)

1. A membrane-electrode assembly comprising a solid polymer electrolyte membrane which has ion-conductive domains and non-ion-conductive domains and an electrode catalyst, wherein the electrode catalyst is present selectively on surface sites of the solid polymer electrolyte membrane which corresponds to the ion-conductive domains rather than surface sites of the electrolyte membrane which corresponds to the non-ion-conductive domains.
2. The membrane-electrode assembly according to claim 1, wherein the selective presence of the electrode catalyst on the surface sites which corresponds to the ion-conductive domains is obtainable by spraying a spray liquid which contains the electrode catalyst and a solvent onto the surface of the solid polymer electrolyte membrane by electrostatic spray deposition.
3. The membrane-electrode assembly according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the solid polymer electrolyte membrane has a first surface and a second surface which is opposite to the first surface, the solid polymer electrolyte membrane has a number of first electrode catalyst adhesion regions discretely formed on the first surface thereof, and a number of second electrode catalyst adhesion regions discretely formed on the second surface thereof, the first electrode catalyst adhesion regions are positioned opposite to the second electrode catalyst adhesion regions, each of the first and the second electrode catalyst adhesion regions includes the surface sites which corresponds to the ion-conductive domains and the surface sites which corresponds to the non-ion-conductive domains, and has the electrode catalyst which is selectively present on the surface sites which corresponds to the ion-conductive domains rather than the surface sites which corresponds to the non-ion-conductive domains.
4. The membrane-electrode assembly according to claim 3, wherein the solid polymer electrolyte membrane and a pair of the electrode catalyst adhesion regions opposite each other across the electrolyte membrane constitute a single cell, and the single cells are connected in series via an interconnector.
5. The membrane-electrode assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the solid polymer electrolyte membrane comprises a perfluorocarbonsulfonic acid resin, an electric field-oriented solid polymer ion conductor obtainable by orienting a polymer having an ionically dissociable group in an electric field, or a pore-filling polymer obtainable by filling pores of non-ion-conductive porous polymer with an ion-conductive polymer.
6. A process of producing the membrane-electrode assembly according to claim 1, comprising applying a spray liquid containing the electrode catalyst and a solvent onto a surface of the solid polymer electrolyte membrane by electrostatic spray deposition.
7. The process according to claim 6, wherein, under the condition in which the solid polymer electrolyte membrane is placed on an electron conductive plate, and a nozzle ejecting the spray liquid is arranged to face the solid polymer electrolyte membrane, the spray liquid is sprayed from the nozzle onto the solid polymer electrolyte membrane with an electric field applied between the electron conductive plate and the nozzle.
8. The process according to claim 7, wherein the solid polymer membrane is subjected to a hydrophilization treatment before being sprayed with the spray liquid.
9. A process of producing a membrane-electrode assembly comprising the steps of:
discretely applying an ion-conductive liquid to a surface of a solid polymer electrolyte membrane which is substantially free from a dissociated proton, and then applying a spray liquid containing an electrode catalyst and a solvent onto the surface of the solid polymer electrolyte membrane by electrostatic spray deposition to adhere the electrode catalyst selectively to the part of the solid polymer electrolyte membrane where the ion-conductive liquid has been applied.
10. The process according to claim 9, wherein the ion-conductive liquid is water, a dilute acid aqueous solution, or a lower alcohol.
11. A solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell comprising the membrane-electrode assembly according to claim 1, and a separator which is arranged on each side of the membrane-electrode assembly.
CA2539255A 2004-03-12 2005-02-25 Membrane electrode assembly with electrode catalyst present on ion-conductive domains Expired - Fee Related CA2539255C (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2004-070247 2004-03-12
JP2004070247 2004-03-12
JP2004216429 2004-07-23
JP2004-216429 2004-07-23
PCT/JP2005/003168 WO2005088749A1 (en) 2004-03-12 2005-02-25 Membrane electrode assembly, method for producing the same, and solid state polymer fuel cell

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CA2539255A1 true CA2539255A1 (en) 2005-09-22
CA2539255C CA2539255C (en) 2012-07-10

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CA2539255A Expired - Fee Related CA2539255C (en) 2004-03-12 2005-02-25 Membrane electrode assembly with electrode catalyst present on ion-conductive domains

Country Status (4)

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US (1) US7972743B2 (en)
JP (1) JP5150895B2 (en)
CA (1) CA2539255C (en)
WO (1) WO2005088749A1 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20070003817A1 (en) 2007-01-04
JP5150895B2 (en) 2013-02-27
JPWO2005088749A1 (en) 2008-01-31
US7972743B2 (en) 2011-07-05
WO2005088749A1 (en) 2005-09-22
CA2539255C (en) 2012-07-10

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