CA2551153A1 - Sensor with a plurality of sensor elements arranged with respect to a substrate - Google Patents

Sensor with a plurality of sensor elements arranged with respect to a substrate Download PDF

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Publication number
CA2551153A1
CA2551153A1 CA002551153A CA2551153A CA2551153A1 CA 2551153 A1 CA2551153 A1 CA 2551153A1 CA 002551153 A CA002551153 A CA 002551153A CA 2551153 A CA2551153 A CA 2551153A CA 2551153 A1 CA2551153 A1 CA 2551153A1
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Canada
Prior art keywords
sensor
sensor elements
substrate layer
extends
individual
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Granted
Application number
CA002551153A
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French (fr)
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CA2551153C (en
Inventor
Thomas Papakostas
Christopher George
Charles Malacaria
Mark Lowe
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Tekscan Inc
Original Assignee
Tekscan, Inc.
Thomas Papakostas
Christopher George
Charles Malacaria
Mark Lowe
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Application filed by Tekscan, Inc., Thomas Papakostas, Christopher George, Charles Malacaria, Mark Lowe filed Critical Tekscan, Inc.
Publication of CA2551153A1 publication Critical patent/CA2551153A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CA2551153C publication Critical patent/CA2551153C/en
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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
    • G01L1/00—Measuring force or stress, in general
    • G01L1/20—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations in ohmic resistance of solid materials or of electrically-conductive fluids; by making use of electrokinetic cells, i.e. liquid-containing cells wherein an electrical potential is produced or varied upon the application of stress

Abstract

A sensor (50, 180) for measuring a parameter applied to a surface is provided.
The sensor includes at least one substrate layer (61, 70, 112, 300, 302, 310), a plurality of individual sensor elements (60, 62, 231, 235, 225) operatively arranged with respect to the substrate layer, and a conductive trace (190, 192, 225', 229' 231', 304, 306) disposed on the substrate layer. The conductive trace is electrically coupled to an individual sensor element and wraps around at least a portion of the sensor element in a spiral-like manner.
Further, by employing slits (90, 114, 223, 233) or cut-outs (140) of material between sensor elements, a sensor element may move independent of an adjacent sensor element, thereby allowing the sensor to conform to an irregularly shaped surface or otherwise when subject to relatively large deflections. The sensor may be employed to detect force distribution of a seating surface, such as a seat cushion of a wheelchair.

Claims (36)

1. A sensor (50, 180), comprising:
at least one substrate layer (61, 70, 112, 300, 302, 310);
a plurality of individual sensor elements (60, 62, 231, 235, 225) operatively arranged with respect to the substrate layer; and a first and second conductive trace (190, 192, 225', 229' 231', 304, 306) disposed on the substrate layer, each conductive trace electrically coupled to at least one sensor element and each conductive trace being spaced out from and extending at least partially around the at least one sensor element in a spiral-like pattern.
2. A sensor (50, 180), adapted to conform to the shape of a surface, comprising:
a substrate layer (61, 70, 112, 300, 302, 310); and a plurality of individual sensor elements (60, 62, 231, 235, 225), for measuring a desired parameter, the plurality of sensor elements defining a sensor plane, the sensor elements are arranged with respect to the substrate layer in a manner that allows each sensor element to move in a direction perpendicular to the sensor plane and substantially independent of an adjacent sensor element moving in a direction perpendicular to the sensor plane.
3. A sensor (50, 180) array, for measuring a desired parameter, comprising:
at least one substrate layer (61, 70, 112, 300, 302, 310);
a plurality of individual sensor elements (60, 62, 231, 235, 225) operatively arranged with respect to the substrate layer, defining a sensor plane;
a plurality of conductive traces (190, 192, 225', 229' 231', 304, 306) connecting the sensor elements, wherein each sensor element is in direct electrical contact with at least one respective conductive trace; and a plurality of slits (90, 114, 223, 233) formed in the substrate layer, wherein the slits are arranged between each adjacent sensor element, wherein the slits permit a sensor element to move perpendicular to the sensor plane.
4. A force sensor (50, 180), for measuring a force applied to a surface, comprising:
first and second thin, flexible substrate layers (61, 70, 112, 300, 302, 310), the layers arranged in facing relationship to each other;
a first plurality of conductive traces (190, 192, 225', 229' 231', 304, 306) formed on the first substrate layer and a second plurality of conductive traces (190, 192, 225', 229' 231', 304, 306) formed on the second substrate layer, with the first and the second conductive traces facing each other;
a plurality of individual force sensor elements (60, 62, 231, 235, 225) disposed between the first and the second substrate layers, and electrically connected to the first and second conductive traces, the first and second conductive traces each having a portion that extends from and partially around the sensor element in a spiral-like pattern;
and a plurality of slits (90, 114, 223, 233) formed through the first and second substrate layers, wherein the slits permit the sensor elements to move, thereby allowing a sensor element to move relative to adjacent sensor elements.
5. The sensor (50, 180) as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the substrate layer (61, 70, 112, 300, 302, 310) is constructed and arranged to allow a sensor element (60, 62, 231, 235, 225) to move relative to another sensor element.
6. The sensor (50, 180) as claimed in any one of claims 1 or 2, further comprising a plurality of slits (90, 114, 223, 233) formed in the substrate layer (61, 70, 112, 300, 302, 310) at locations suitable to allow a sensor element (60, 62, 231, 235, 225) to move relative to another sensor element.
7. The sensor (50, 180) as claimed in any one of claims 3, 4 or 6, wherein at least a portion of the plurality of slits (90, 114, 223, 233) is formed along a nonlinear path (94).
8. The sensor (50, 180) as claimed in any one of claims 3, 4, 6 or 7, wherein at least one of the plurality of slits (90, 114, 223, 233) formed in the substrate layer (61, 70, 112, 300, 302, 310) intersects a second slit formed in the substrate layer, thereby forming an intersecting slit (96).
9. The sensor (50, 180) as claimed in claim 8, wherein the intersecting slit (96) is positioned between multiple sensor elements (60, 62, 231, 235, 225), and wherein one of the slits of the intersecting slit extends about at least a portion of one sensor element.
10. The sensor (50, 180) as claimed in any one of claims 3, 4 or 6-9, wherein a slit (90, 114, 223, 233) has first and second end points, wherein at least one end point is formed with a hole (116) to relieve stress at the end point and thereby reduce the likelihood of the substrate layer (61, 70, 112, 300, 302, 310) from tearing at the end point.
11. The sensor (50, 180) as claimed in any one of claims 3, 4 or 6-10, wherein a slit (90, 114, 223, 233) has first and second end points, wherein at least one end point is formed in a hook-shape (126), such that if the substrate layer (61, 70, 112, 300, 302, 310) is subjected to relatively high stress at an end point, the substrate layer may tear, with an end of the tear terminating into the slit.
12. The sensor (50, 180) as claimed in any of the preceding claims, further comprising a plurality of cut-outs (140) formed in the substrate layer (61, 70, 112, 300, 302, 310) at locations suitable to allow a sensor element (60, 62, 231, 235, 225) to move relative to another sensor element.
13. The sensor (50, 180) as claimed in claim 12, wherein at least one cut-out (140) formed in the substrate layer (61, 70, 112, 300, 302, 310) is positioned between multiple sensor elements (60, 62, 231, 235, 225) and is generally diamond or kite shaped (142).
14. The sensor (50, 180) as claimed in claim 13, wherein the generally diamond or kite shaped cut-out (142) includes a tail section (144) extending about at least a portion of one sensor element (60, 62, 231, 235, 225).
15. The sensor (50, 180) as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein at least one sensor element (60, 62, 231, 235, 225) comprises a pressure sensitive layer.
16. The sensor (50, 180) as claimed in claim 15, wherein the pressure sensitive layer comprises a conductive ink.
17. The sensor (50, 180) as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein the plurality of individual sensor elements (60, 62, 231, 235, 225) is arranged on the substrate layer (61, 70, 112, 300, 302, 310) in an array of rows (86, 200, 204, 320, 322) and columns (88, 202, 206, 340, 342).
18. The sensor (50, 180) as claimed in claim 17, wherein each sensor element (60, 62, 231, 235, 225) is located at an intersection of a row (86, 200, 204, 320, 322) and a column (88, 202, 206, 340, 342).
19. The sensor (50, 180) as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein at least a plurality of sensor elements (60, 62, 231, 235, 225) is configured to detect a force, in combination with an apparatus for the custom fitting of a wheelchair seat or seat cushion, wherein the apparatus comprises:
a platform to which the sensor is mounted; and a controller communicating with the sensor, wherein the controller is adapted to receive data from the sensor and calculate a force at locations coincident with locations of individual sensor elements upon the sensor being subjected to a force.
20. The sensor (50, 180) as claimed in any one of claims 1 or 4, wherein the first conductive trace (190, 192, 225', 229' 231', 304, 306) comprises a plurality of first conductive traces disposed on the substrate layer (61, 70, 112, 300, 302, 310), wherein a first one of the conductive traces extends at least partially around one of the plurality of individual sensor elements (60, 62, 231, 235, 225) in a first spiral-like pattern and in a first direction, and wherein a second one of the first conductive traces extends at least partially around another one of the plurality of individual sensor elements in a second spiral-like pattern and in a second direction, wherein the first and second directions are substantially opposite each other.
21. The sensor (50, 180) as claimed in any one of claims 2 or 3, further comprising a first conductive trace (190, 192, 225', 229' 231', 304, 306), wherein the first conductive trace comprises a plurality of first conductive traces disposed on the substrate layer (61, 70, 112, 300, 302, 310), wherein a first one of the conductive traces extends at least partially around one of the plurality of individual sensor elements (60, 62, 231, 235, 225) in a first spiral-like pattern and in a first direction, and wherein a second one of the first conductive traces extends at least partially around another one of the plurality of individual sensor elements in a second spiral-like pattern and in a second direction, wherein the first and second directions are substantially opposite each other.
22. The sensor (50, 180) as claimed in any one of claims 20 or 21, wherein:
the plurality of individual sensor elements (60, 62, 231, 235, 225) comprises a first plurality of individual sensor elements arranged in a first row (86, 200, 204, 320, 322) and a second plurality of individual sensor elements arranged in a second row, the first one of the first conductive traces is electrically coupled to and extends in a counter-clockwise direction at least partially around a first one of the first plurality of individual sensor elements in the first row, then extends in a clockwise direction at least partially around the first one of the first plurality of individual sensor elements in the first row, then is electrically coupled to and extends in a counter-clockwise direction at least partially around a second one of the first plurality of individual sensor elements in the first row, then extends in a clockwise direction at least partially around the second one of the first plurality of individual sensor elements in the first row; and the second of the first conductive traces is electrically coupled to and extends in a clockwise direction at least partially around a first one of the second plurality of individual sensor elements in the second row, then extends in a counter-clockwise direction at least partially around the first one of the second plurality of individual sensor elements in the second row, then is electrically coupled to and extends in a clockwise direction at least partially around a second one of the second plurality of individual sensor elements in the second row, then extends in a counter-clockwise direction at least partially around the second one of the second plurality of individual sensor elements in the second row.
23. The sensor (50, 180) as claimed in any one of claims 1 or 4, wherein the second conductive trace (190, 192, 225', 229' 231', 304, 306) comprises a plurality of second conductive traces disposed on the at least one substrate layer (61, 70, 112, 300, 302, 310), wherein a first one of the second conductive traces extends at least partially around one of the plurality of individual sensor elements (60, 62, 231, 235, 225) in a first spiral-like pattern and in a first direction, and wherein a second one of the second conductive traces extends at least partially around another one of the plurality of individual sensor elements in a second spiral-like pattern and in a second direction, wherein the first and second directions are substantially the same as each other.
24. The sensor (50, 180) as claimed in any one of claims 2 or 3, further comprising a second conductive trace (190, 192, 225', 229' 231', 304, 306), wherein the second conductive trace comprises a plurality of second conductive traces disposed on the at least one substrate layer (61, 70, 112, 300, 302, 310), wherein a first one of the second conductive traces extends at least partially around one of the plurality of individual sensor elements (60, 62, 231, 235, 225) in a first spiral-like pattern and in a first direction, and wherein a second one of the second conductive traces extends at least partially around another one of the plurality of individual sensor elements in a second spiral-like pattern and in a second direction, wherein the first and second directions are substantially the same as each other.
25. The sensor (50, 180) as claimed in claim 23 or 24, wherein:
the plurality of individual sensor elements (60, 62, 231, 235, 225) comprises a first plurality of individual sensor elements arranged in a first column (88, 202, 206, 340, 342) and a second plurality of individual sensor elements arranged in a second column, the first one of the second conductive traces (190, 192, 225', 229' 231', 304, 306) is electrically coupled to and extends in a clockwise direction at least partially around a first one of the first plurality of individual sensor elements in the first column, then extends in a counter-clockwise direction at least partially around the first one of the first plurality of individual sensor elements in the first column, then is electrically coupled to and extends in a counter-clockwise direction at least partially around a second one of the first plurality of individual sensor elements in the first column, then extends in a clockwise direction at least partially around the second one of the first plurality of individual sensor elements in the first column; and the second of the second conductive traces is electrically coupled to and extends in a clockwise direction at least partially around a first one of the second plurality of individual sensor elements in the second column, then extends in a counter-clockwise direction at least partially around the first one of the second plurality if individual sensor elements in the second column, then is electrically coupled to and extends in a counter-clockwise direction at least partially around a second one of the second plurality of individual sensor elements in the second column, then extends in a clockwise direction at least partially around the second one of the second plurality of individual sensor elements in the second column.
26. The sensor (50, 180) as claimed in any of claims 3, 4 or 6-11, wherein at least one of the plurality of slits (90, 114, 223, 233) is formed adjacent to a portion of the conductive trace (190, 192, 225', 229' 231', 304, 306) which extends around a sensor element (60, 62, 231, 235, 225).
27. The sensor (50, 180) as claimed in any of claims 3, 4 or 6-11, wherein at least one of the plurality of slits (90, 114, 223, 233) is adjacent to at least a portion of the conductive trace (190, 192, 225', 229' 231', 304, 306) positioned between multiple sensor elements (60, 62, 231, 235, 225) and at least a portion of the conductive trace which extends around a sensor element.
28. The sensor (50, 180) as claimed in any of claims 17 or 18, wherein the rows of sensor elements (60, 62, 231, 235, 225) and the columns of sensor elements form an angle which is less than 90 degrees.
29. The sensor (50, 180) as claimed in any of claims 1, 3, 4, 20 or 23, wherein the plurality of sensor elements (60, 62, 231, 235, 225) defines a sensor plane, and wherein the substrate layer (61, 70, 112, 300, 302, 310) is constructed and arranged to allow a sensor element to move in a direction perpendicular to the sensor plane and in a direction parallel to the sensor plane, with movement in the direction parallel to the sensor plane being less than the movement in the direction perpendicular to the sensor plane.
30. The sensor (50, 180) as claimed in claim 1, 3, 4, 20 or 23, wherein each conductive trace is coupled to a sensor element (60, 62, 231, 235, 225) at more than one location on the sensor element and wherein each conductive trace (190, 192, 225', 229' 231', 304, 306) extends in a partial spiral-like pattern around a respective sensor element.
31. The sensor (50, 180) as claimed in claim 1-3, 5, 6, 21 or 24, wherein the substrate layer (61, 70, 112, 300, 302, 310) comprises a first substrate layer and a second substrate layer, wherein the plurality of individual sensor elements (60, 62, 231, 235, 225) is disposed between the first and second substrate layers, and wherein the first conductive trace (190, 192, 225', 229' 231', 304, 306) is disposed on the first substrate layer and the second conductive trace is disposed on the second substrate layer.
32. The sensor (50, 180) as claimed in claim 4 or 31, further comprising an insulating layer (308) positioned between the first and second substrate layers (61, 70, 112, 300, 302, 310).
33. The sensor (50, 180) as claimed in claim 3, 4, 6-11, 26 or 27, wherein two slits (90, 114, 223, 233) are formed between multiple adjacent sensor elements (60, 62, 231, 235, 225), with the two slits together resembling an hour-glass shape.
34. The sensor (50, 180) as claimed in any of claims 3, 4, 6-11, 26 or 27, wherein the plurality of individual sensor elements (60, 62, 231, 235, 225) is arranged in an array of rows (86, 200, 204, 320, 322) and columns (88, 202, 206, 340, 342), the rows of sensor elements and the columns of sensor elements form an angle which is less than 90 degrees and wherein two slits (90, 114, 223, 233) are formed between multiple sensor elements, with the two slits together resembling an hour-glass shape.
35. The sensor (50, 180) as claimed in any of claims 1-3, 5, 6, 21, 24 or 31, wherein the substrate layer (61, 70, 112, 300, 302, 310) is formed of a thin, flexible material.
36. The sensor (50, 180) as claimed in any of the preceding claims, wherein each sensor element (60, 62, 231, 235, 225) comprises a pressure sensitive ink.
CA2551153A 2003-12-30 2004-10-04 Sensor with a plurality of sensor elements arranged with respect to a substrate Active CA2551153C (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US10/748,718 2003-12-30
US10/748,718 US6964205B2 (en) 2003-12-30 2003-12-30 Sensor with plurality of sensor elements arranged with respect to a substrate
PCT/US2004/032708 WO2005068961A1 (en) 2003-12-30 2004-10-04 A sensor

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CA2551153A1 true CA2551153A1 (en) 2005-07-28
CA2551153C CA2551153C (en) 2011-12-06

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US (2) US6964205B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1700091B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2007517216A (en)
CA (1) CA2551153C (en)
DE (1) DE602004007689T2 (en)
WO (1) WO2005068961A1 (en)

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