CA2615258A1 - Low melt toner - Google Patents
Low melt toner Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA2615258A1 CA2615258A1 CA002615258A CA2615258A CA2615258A1 CA 2615258 A1 CA2615258 A1 CA 2615258A1 CA 002615258 A CA002615258 A CA 002615258A CA 2615258 A CA2615258 A CA 2615258A CA 2615258 A1 CA2615258 A1 CA 2615258A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- polymer material
- acid
- toner
- amorphous
- toner according
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G9/00—Developers
- G03G9/08—Developers with toner particles
- G03G9/087—Binders for toner particles
- G03G9/08784—Macromolecular material not specially provided for in a single one of groups G03G9/08702 - G03G9/08775
- G03G9/08791—Macromolecular material not specially provided for in a single one of groups G03G9/08702 - G03G9/08775 characterised by the presence of specified groups or side chains
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L67/00—Compositions of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L67/02—Polyesters derived from dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G9/00—Developers
- G03G9/08—Developers with toner particles
- G03G9/0802—Preparation methods
- G03G9/0804—Preparation methods whereby the components are brought together in a liquid dispersing medium
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G9/00—Developers
- G03G9/08—Developers with toner particles
- G03G9/087—Binders for toner particles
- G03G9/08742—Binders for toner particles comprising macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- G03G9/08755—Polyesters
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G9/00—Developers
- G03G9/08—Developers with toner particles
- G03G9/087—Binders for toner particles
- G03G9/08784—Macromolecular material not specially provided for in a single one of groups G03G9/08702 - G03G9/08775
- G03G9/08793—Crosslinked polymers
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G9/00—Developers
- G03G9/08—Developers with toner particles
- G03G9/087—Binders for toner particles
- G03G9/08784—Macromolecular material not specially provided for in a single one of groups G03G9/08702 - G03G9/08775
- G03G9/08795—Macromolecular material not specially provided for in a single one of groups G03G9/08702 - G03G9/08775 characterised by their chemical properties, e.g. acidity, molecular weight, sensitivity to reactants
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G9/00—Developers
- G03G9/08—Developers with toner particles
- G03G9/087—Binders for toner particles
- G03G9/08784—Macromolecular material not specially provided for in a single one of groups G03G9/08702 - G03G9/08775
- G03G9/08797—Macromolecular material not specially provided for in a single one of groups G03G9/08702 - G03G9/08775 characterised by their physical properties, e.g. viscosity, solubility, melting temperature, softening temperature, glass transition temperature
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Developing Agents For Electrophotography (AREA)
Abstract
A toner includes binder of amorphous polymer material, such as an amorphous polyester material, and a crystalline polymer material, such as a crystalline polyester material, wherein the amorphous polymer material has an acid number that is greater than an acid number of the crystalline polymer material. Further, the toner may have a minimum fusing temperature of from about 75°C to about 150°C and a relative humidity sensitivity of from about 0.5 to about 10. A method of making toner particles is also indicated.
Claims (24)
1. A toner comprised of binder comprising amorphous polymer material and crystalline polymer material, wherein the amorphous polymer material has an acid number that is greater than an acid number of the crystalline polymer material.
2. The toner according to claim 1, wherein the acid number of the amorphous polymer material is greater than the acid number of the crystalline polymer material by a value of 3 or more.
3. The toner according to claim 1, wherein the acid number of the amorphous polymer material is greater than the acid number of the crystalline polymer material by a value of 6 or more.
4. The toner according to claim 1, wherein the acid number of the amorphous polymer material is from about 13 to about 30.
5. The toner according to claim 4, wherein the acid number of the amorphous polymer material is greater than the acid number of the crystalline polymer material by a value of 3 or more.
6. The toner according to claim 4, wherein the acid number of the amorphous polymer material is greater than the acid number of the crystalline polymer material by a value of 6 or more.
7. The toner according to claim 4, wherein the acid number of the amorphous polymer material is from about 16 to about 30.
8. The toner according to claim 1, wherein the amorphous polymer material is an amorphous polyester material and the crystalline polymer material is a crystalline polyester material.
9. The toner according to claim 1, wherein the toner is an emulsion aggregation toner.
10. The toner according to claim 1, wherein the amorphous polymer material has acid terminated chains.
11. The toner according to claim 1, wherein the crystalline polymer material has acid terminated chains.
12. The toner according to claim 1, wherein the amorphous polymer material is derived from reaction of at least an organic alcohol selected from the group consisting of propylene glycol, ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, neopentyl glycol, dipropylene glycol, dibromoneopentyl glycol, alkoxylated bisphenol A diols, 2,2,4-trimethylpentane-1,3-diol, tetrabromo bisphenol dipropoxy ether, 1,4-butanediol, and mixtures thereof, and an acid selected from the group consisting of succinic acid, glutaric acid, adipic acid, pimelic acid, suberic acid, azelaic acid, sebacic acid, isophthalic acid, terephthalic acid, hexachloroendo methylene tetrahydrophthalic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, chloromaleic acid, methacrylic acid, acrylic acid, itaconic acid, citraconic acid, mesaconic acid, maleic anhydride, phthalic anhydride, chlorendic anhydride, tetrahydrophthalic anhydride, hexahydrophthalic anhydride, endomethylene tetrahydrophthalic anhydride, tetrachlorophthalic anhydride, tetrabromophthalic anhydride, and mixtures thereof.
13. The toner according to claim 1, wherein the crystalline polymer material is derived from reaction of at least an alcohol component comprising 80% by mole or more of an aliphatic diol having 2 to 6 carbon atoms and a carboxylic acid component comprising 80% by mole or more of an aliphatic dicarboxylic acid compound having 2 to 8 carbon atoms.
14. The toner according to claim 1, wherein the amorphous material includes crosslinked portions such that the gel content of the amorphous polymer material is from about 0.001 to about 50 weight percent of the amorphous polymer material.
15. The toner according to claim 1, wherein the toner further comprises at least one colorant comprised of a pigment, a dye, a mixture of pigments, a mixture of dyes, or a mixture of pigments and dyes.
16. The toner according to claim 1, wherein the amorphous polymer material comprises from about 50% to about 95% by weight of the binder and the crystalline polymer material comprises from about 5% and about 50% by weight of the binder.
17. A toner comprised of polymer binder, wherein the binder includes both an amorphous polymer material and a crystalline polymer material, and wherein the toner has a minimum fusing temperature of from about 75°C to about 150°C and a relative humidity sensitivity of from about 0.5 to about 10.
18. The toner according to claim 17, wherein the toner comprises particles free of any shell resin upon the particles.
19. The toner according to claim 17, wherein the amorphous polymer material has an acid number that is greater than an acid value of the crystalline polymer material.
20. The toner according to claim 17, wherein the amorphous polymer material is an amorphous polyester material and the crystalline polymer material is a crystalline polyester material.
21. A method of making a toner comprised of binder comprising amorphous polymer material and crystalline polymer material, wherein the amorphous polymer material has an acid number that is greater than an acid number of the crystalline polymer material, the method comprising forming an aqueous emulsion of the amorphous polymer material and the crystalline polymer material, and aggregating toner particles from the aqueous emulsion.
22. The method according to claim 21, wherein the method further comprises coalescing the aggregated toner particles.
23. The method according to claim 21, further comprising including at least one colorant comprised of a pigment, a dye, a mixture of pigments, a mixture of dyes, or a mixture of pigments and dyes in the aqueous emulsion.
24. The method according to claim 21, wherein the amorphous polymer material is an amorphous polyester material and the crystalline polymer material is a crystalline polyester material.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US11/615,056 US7547499B2 (en) | 2006-12-22 | 2006-12-22 | Low melt toner |
US11/615,056 | 2006-12-22 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CA2615258A1 true CA2615258A1 (en) | 2008-06-22 |
CA2615258C CA2615258C (en) | 2012-05-22 |
Family
ID=39262560
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CA2615258A Active CA2615258C (en) | 2006-12-22 | 2007-12-14 | Low melt toner |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7547499B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1936440B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP5348879B2 (en) |
CN (1) | CN101206416A (en) |
BR (1) | BRPI0705010A (en) |
CA (1) | CA2615258C (en) |
Families Citing this family (82)
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US7968266B2 (en) * | 2006-11-07 | 2011-06-28 | Xerox Corporation | Toner compositions |
US7736832B2 (en) * | 2007-01-29 | 2010-06-15 | Xerox Corporation | Toner compositions |
JP4535106B2 (en) * | 2007-09-20 | 2010-09-01 | 富士ゼロックス株式会社 | Toner for developing electrostatic image and method for producing the same, developer for developing electrostatic image |
US7857901B2 (en) * | 2008-03-07 | 2010-12-28 | Xerox Corporation | Nonpolar liquid and solid phase change ink compositions comprising nanosized particles of benzimidazolone pigments |
US7905954B2 (en) | 2008-03-07 | 2011-03-15 | Xerox Corporation | Nanosized particles of benzimidazolone pigments |
US8012254B2 (en) | 2008-03-07 | 2011-09-06 | Xerox Corporation | Nanosized particles of benzimidazolone pigments |
US7985290B2 (en) | 2008-03-07 | 2011-07-26 | Xerox Corporation | Nonpolar liquid and solid phase change ink compositions comprising nanosized particles of benzimidazolone pigments |
US7938903B2 (en) | 2008-03-07 | 2011-05-10 | Xerox Corporation | Nanosized particles of benzimidazolone pigments |
US7883574B2 (en) | 2008-03-07 | 2011-02-08 | Xerox Corporation | Methods of making nanosized particles of benzimidazolone pigments |
US8025723B2 (en) | 2008-03-07 | 2011-09-27 | Xerox Corporation | Nonpolar liquid and solid phase change ink compositions comprising nanosized particles of benzimidazolone pigments |
JP5386268B2 (en) * | 2008-08-26 | 2014-01-15 | 花王株式会社 | Toner for electrophotography |
US8551681B2 (en) * | 2008-09-08 | 2013-10-08 | Lexmark International, Inc. | Emulsion aggregation toner formulation |
US8187780B2 (en) | 2008-10-21 | 2012-05-29 | Xerox Corporation | Toner compositions and processes |
US7985523B2 (en) * | 2008-12-18 | 2011-07-26 | Xerox Corporation | Toners containing polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes |
US8084177B2 (en) * | 2008-12-18 | 2011-12-27 | Xerox Corporation | Toners containing polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes |
JP5365212B2 (en) * | 2009-01-22 | 2013-12-11 | 富士ゼロックス株式会社 | Toner set for developing electrostatic image, developer set for developing electrostatic image, and image forming apparatus |
US8318398B2 (en) * | 2009-02-06 | 2012-11-27 | Xerox Corporation | Toner compositions and processes |
US8221948B2 (en) * | 2009-02-06 | 2012-07-17 | Xerox Corporation | Toner compositions and processes |
KR101129932B1 (en) * | 2009-05-15 | 2012-03-23 | 상하이 킹파 사이언스 앤 테크놀로지 컴퍼니 리미티드 | A kind of biodegradable polyester and its preparation method |
US8313884B2 (en) * | 2009-06-05 | 2012-11-20 | Xerox Corporation | Toner processes utilizing a defoamer as a coalescence aid for continuous and batch emulsion aggregation |
US8741534B2 (en) | 2009-06-08 | 2014-06-03 | Xerox Corporation | Efficient solvent-based phase inversion emulsification process with defoamer |
US8211604B2 (en) * | 2009-06-16 | 2012-07-03 | Xerox Corporation | Self emulsifying granules and solvent free process for the preparation of emulsions therefrom |
US7943687B2 (en) * | 2009-07-14 | 2011-05-17 | Xerox Corporation | Continuous microreactor process for the production of polyester emulsions |
US8394561B2 (en) * | 2009-07-20 | 2013-03-12 | Xerox Corporation | Colored toners |
US20110027714A1 (en) * | 2009-07-29 | 2011-02-03 | Xerox Corporation | Toner compositions |
US8207246B2 (en) * | 2009-07-30 | 2012-06-26 | Xerox Corporation | Processes for producing polyester latexes via solvent-free emulsification |
US7985526B2 (en) * | 2009-08-25 | 2011-07-26 | Xerox Corporation | Supercritical fluid microencapsulation of dye into latex for improved emulsion aggregation toner |
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US5348831A (en) * | 1993-10-28 | 1994-09-20 | Xerox Corporation | Polyester-imide toner and developer compositions |
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JP2005077784A (en) * | 2003-09-01 | 2005-03-24 | Seiko Epson Corp | Toner and its manufacturing method |
JP2005266317A (en) * | 2004-03-18 | 2005-09-29 | Fuji Xerox Co Ltd | Electrostatic charge image developing toner, method for manufacturing toner for electrostatic charge image developing toner, electrostatic charge image developer, and image forming method |
JP2005274614A (en) * | 2004-03-22 | 2005-10-06 | Fuji Xerox Co Ltd | Image forming method and image forming apparatus |
US7579129B2 (en) * | 2004-06-04 | 2009-08-25 | Kao Corporation | Process for preparing toner for electrophotography |
US7312011B2 (en) * | 2005-01-19 | 2007-12-25 | Xerox Corporation | Super low melt and ultra low melt toners containing crystalline sulfonated polyester |
-
2006
- 2006-12-22 US US11/615,056 patent/US7547499B2/en active Active
-
2007
- 2007-12-10 EP EP07122762.3A patent/EP1936440B1/en active Active
- 2007-12-14 CA CA2615258A patent/CA2615258C/en active Active
- 2007-12-20 JP JP2007328832A patent/JP5348879B2/en active Active
- 2007-12-21 CN CNA2007101621771A patent/CN101206416A/en active Pending
- 2007-12-26 BR BRPI0705010-0A patent/BRPI0705010A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US7547499B2 (en) | 2009-06-16 |
CN101206416A (en) | 2008-06-25 |
EP1936440A2 (en) | 2008-06-25 |
US20080153027A1 (en) | 2008-06-26 |
EP1936440A3 (en) | 2010-05-05 |
BRPI0705010A (en) | 2008-08-12 |
CA2615258C (en) | 2012-05-22 |
EP1936440B1 (en) | 2018-04-04 |
JP2008158527A (en) | 2008-07-10 |
JP5348879B2 (en) | 2013-11-20 |
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