CA2645740A1 - Multivalent clostridial toxins - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention is directed to multivalent Clostridial toxin comprising more than one binding domain directed to a cell surface molecule of a target cell. Such modified toxins are useful as therapeutic compositions to prevent exocytosis and secretion by the target cell. Conditions in which such compositions man be useful include, without limitation, disorders of the sensory or motor nervous system, acute or chronic pain, cancer, pancreatitis, hyperhydrosis, glandular disorders, viral infections, cystic fibrosis and the like. The invention is also directed to methods of using and administering such a composition, and methods of treating a given condition using such a composition.

Description

DEMANDE OU BREVET VOLUMINEUX

LA PRESENTE PARTIE DE CETTE DEMANDE OU CE BREVET COMPREND
PLUS D'UN TOME.

NOTE : Pour les tomes additionels, veuillez contacter le Bureau canadien des brevets JUMBO APPLICATIONS/PATENTS

THIS SECTION OF THE APPLICATION/PATENT CONTAINS MORE THAN ONE
VOLUME

NOTE: For additional volumes, please contact the Canadian Patent Office NOM DU FICHIER / FILE NAME:

NOTE POUR LE TOME / VOLUME NOTE:

Multivalent Clostridial Toxins [01] This application is a non-provisional application claiming priority pursuant to 35 U.S.C. 119(e) to U.S. Patent Application Serial No. 11/376,696, filed on Mar. 15, 2006, which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety.

[02] The ability of Clostridial toxins to inhibit neuronal transmission are being exploited in a wide variety of therapeutic and cosmetic applications, see e.g., William J. Lipham, Cosmetic and Clinical Applications of Botulinum Toxin (Slack, Inc., 2004). Clostridial toxins commercially available as pharmaceutical compositions include, BoNT/A preparations, such as, e.g., BOTOX (Allergan, Inc., Irvine, CA), Dysport /Reloxin , (Beaufour Ipsen, Porton Down, England), Linurase (Prollenium, Inc., Ontario, Canada), Neuronox (Medy-Tox, Inc., Ochang-myeon, South Korea) BTX-A (Lanzhou Institute Biological Products, China) and Xeomin (Merz Pharmaceuticals, GmbH., Frankfurt, Germany); and BoNT/B
preparations, such as, e.g., MyoBlocT"'/NeuroBlocT"' (Elan Pharmaceuticals, San Francisco, CA). As an example, BOTOX is currently approved in one or more countries for the following indications: achalasia, adult spasticity, anal fissure, back pain, blepharospasm, bruxism, cervical dystonia, essential tremor, glabellar lines or hyperkinetic facial lines, headache, hemifacial spasm, hyperactivity of bladder, hyperhidrosis, juvenile cerebral palsy, multiple sclerosis, myoclonic disorders, nasal labial lines, spasmodic dysphonia, strabismus and VII nerve disorder.

[03] Clostridial toxin therapies are successfully used for many indications.
Generally, administration of a Clostridial toxin treatment is well tolerated. However, toxin administration in some applications can be challenging because of the larger doses required to achieve a beneficial effect. First, larger doses can increase the likelihood that the toxin may move through the interstitial fluids and the circulatory systems, such as, e.g., the cardiovascular system and the lymphatic system, of the body, resulting in the undesirable dispersal of the toxin to areas not targeted for toxin treatment.
Such dispersal can lead to undesirable side effects, such as, e.g., inhibition of neurotransmitter release in neurons not targeted for treatment or paralysis of a muscle not targeted for treatment. For example, a patient administered a therapeutically effective amount of a BoNT/A treatment into the neck muscles for torticollis may develop dysphagia because of dispersal of the toxin into the oropharynx. Thus, there remains a need for improved Clostridial toxins that are effective at the site of treatment, but have negligible to minimal effects in areas not targeted for a toxin treatment.

[04] Second, larger doses of a Clostridial toxin treatment may elicit an antibody response against the toxin. While a potent and effective treatment, the inhibition of neurotransmitter release and the resulting neuromuscular paralysis elicited by Clostridial toxin therapies is not permanent. The reversible nature of these paralytic effects requires periodic treatments in order to maintain the therapeutic benefits from this toxin. As a consequence of this repeated exposure, an immune response against a Clostridial toxin can occur in some patients which reduce or completely prevent the individual's responsiveness to further treatments, see, e.g., Joseph Jankovic, Botulinum toxin: Clinical Implications of Antigenicity and Immunoresistance, (SCIENTIFIC AND THERAPEUTIC ASPECTS OF BOTULINUM TOXIN, 409-415, Mitchell F. Brin et al., eds., Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2002); Dirk Dressler, Clinical Presentation and Management of Antibody-induced Failure of Botulinum Toxin Therapy, 19(Suppl. 8) Mov. DISORD.
S92-S100 (2004); M.
Zouhair Atassi, Basic Immunological Aspects of Botulinum Toxin Therapy, 19(Suppl. 8) Mov. DISORD.
S68-S84, (2004). Thus, there remains a need for improved Clostridial toxins that maintain effective therapeutic benefits, but have reduced ability to evoke an immunogenic response against itself.

[05] Moreover, a Clostridial toxin treatment inhibits neurotransmitter release by disrupting the exocytotic process used to secret the neurotransmitter into the synaptic cleft. However, it is believed that current Clostridial toxin therapies may by expanded to treat new indications beyond those diseases or disorders whose underlying pathophysiology is aberrant cholinergic motor neuron activity.

[06] Thus, the growing clinical, therapeutic and cosmetic use of Clostridial toxins in therapies requiring larger doses necessitates the pharmaceutical industry to develop modified Clostridial toxins that are effective at the target site of the application, but reduce or prevent the undesirable side-effects associated with the dispersal of the toxins to unwanted locations and reduce or prevent an unwanted immunogenic response. Additionally, there is a great desire by the pharmaceutical industry to expand the use of Clostridial toxin therapies beyond its current myo-relaxant applications to treat sensory-based ailment, such as, e.g., various kinds of chronic pain, as well as non-neuronal based disorders, such as, e.g., pancreatitis. The present invention provides novel multivalent Clostridial toxins that greatly extended the number of therapeutic applications that can exploit the advantages offered by current Clostridial toxin therapies. These and related advantages are useful for various clinical, therapeutic and cosmetic applications, such as, e.g., the treatment of neuropathic disorders, eye disorders, pain, muscle injuries, headache, cardiovascular diseases, neuropsychiatric disorders, endocrine disorders, cancers, otic disorders, as well as, other disorders where administration of a multivalent Clostridial toxin to an individual can produce a beneficial effect.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[07] FIG. 1 shows a schematic of the current paradigm of neurotransmitter release and Clostridial toxin intoxication in a central and peripheral neuron. FIG. 1A shows a schematic for the neurotransmitter release mechanism of a central and peripheral neuron. The release process can be described as comprising two steps: 1) vesicle docking, where the vesicle-bound SNARE
protein of a vesicle containing neurotransmitter molecules associates with the membrane-bound SNARE proteins located at the plasma membrane; and 2) neurotransmitter release, where the vesicle fuses with the plasma membrane and the neurotransmitter molecules are exocytosed. FIG. 1 B shows a schematic of the intoxication mechanism for tetanus and botulinum toxin activity in a central and peripheral neuron.
This intoxication process can be described as comprising four steps: 1) receptor binding, where a Clostridial toxin binds to a Clostridial receptor and initiates the intoxication process; 2) complex internalization, where after toxin binding, a vesicle containing the toxin/receptor complex is endocytosed into the cell; 3) light chain translocation, where multiple events result in the release of the active light chain into the cytoplasm; and 4) enzymatic target modification, where the active light chain of Clostridial toxin proteolytically cleaves its target SNARE substrate, such as, e.g., SNAP-25, VAMP or Syntaxin, thereby preventing vesicle docking and neurotransmitter release.

[08] FIG. 2 shows the domain organization of naturally-occurring Clostridial toxins. The single chain form depicts the amino to carboxyl linear organization comprising an enzymatic domain, a translocation domain, a HCN translocation facilitating domain and a Hcc targeting domain.
The di-chain loop region located between the translocation and enzymatic domains is depicted by the double SS bracket. This region comprises an endogenous di-chain loop protease cleavage site that upon proteolytic cleavage with a naturally-occurring protease, such as, e.g., an endogenous Clostridial toxin protease or a naturally-occurring protease produced in the environment, converts the single chain form of the toxin into the di-chain form. As depicted above the single-chain form, the Hcc targeting domain comprises the (3-trefoil domain which comprises in an amino to carboxyl linear organization of an a-fold, a(34/(35 hairpin turn, a (3-fold, a(38/(39 hairpin turn and a y-fold.

[09] FIG. 3 shows a ribbon diagram of BoNT/A illustrating the modular three-dimensional structure of the light chain (LC) comprising the enzymatic domain, the heavy chain HN
domain comprising the translocation domain, and the heavy chain HCN domain, including the heavy chain HCN domain and the heavy chain Hcc domain, that comprises the binding domain.

[010] FIG. 4 shows examples of domain arrangements of multivalent Clostridial toxins. FIG. 4A depicts the single polypeptide form of a multivalent Clostridial toxin with an amino to carboxyl linear organization comprising a binding domain 1, a translocation domain, a binding domain 2 and an enzymatic domain, with the di-chain loop region depicted by the double SS bracket. A proteolytic cleavage site (P) within a di-chain loop region is located between the binding domain 2 and enzymatic domain. Upon proteolytic cleavage with a P protease, the single chain form of the toxin is converted to the di-chain form. The P
protease site can be a Clostridial toxin endogenous protease cleavage site or a non-Clostridial toxin exogenous protease cleavage site. Spacers can be placed between the binding domain 1 and translocation domain, the translocation domain and binding domain 2, binding domain 2 and enzymatic domain, or any combination thereof. FIG. 4B depicts the single polypeptide form of a multivalent Clostridial toxin with an amino to carboxyl linear organization comprising an enzymatic domain, a binding domain 1, a translocation domain and a binding domain 2, with the di-chain loop region depicted by the double SS bracket. A proteolytic cleavage site (P) within a di-chain loop region is located between the enzymatic domain and binding domain 1. Upon proteolytic cleavage with a P
protease, the single chain form of the toxin is converted to the di-chain form. The P protease site can be a Clostridial toxin endogenous protease cleavage site or a non-Clostridial toxin exogenous protease cleavage site.
Spacers can be placed between the enzymatic domain and binding domain 1, the binding domain land translocation domain, the translocation and binding domain 2, or any combination thereof. FIG. 4C
depicts the single polypeptide form of a multivalent Clostridial toxin with an amino to carboxyl linear organization comprising an enzymatic domain, a translocation domain, a binding domain 1 and a binding domain 2, with the di-chain loop region depicted by the double SS bracket. A
proteolytic cleavage site (P) within a di-chain loop region is located between the enzymatic domain and translocation domain. Upon proteolytic cleavage with a P protease, the single chain form of the toxin is converted to the di-chain form.
The P protease site can be a Clostridial toxin endogenous protease cleavage site or a non-Clostridial toxin exogenous protease cleavage site. Spacers can be placed between the enzymatic domain and translocation domain, the translocation domain and binding domain 1, the binding domain 1 and a binding domain 2, or any combination thereof. FIG. 4D depicts the single polypeptide form of a multivalent Clostridial toxin with an amino to carboxyl linear organization comprising an enzymatic domain, a translocation domain, a binding domain 2 and a binding domain 1, with the di-chain loop region depicted by the double SS bracket. A proteolytic cleavage site (P) within a di-chain loop region is located between the enzymatic domain and translocation domain. Upon proteolytic cleavage with a P protease, the single chain form of the toxin is converted to the di-chain form. The P protease site can be a Clostridial toxin endogenous protease cleavage site or a non-Clostridial toxin exogenous protease cleavage site.
Spacers can be placed between the enzymatic domain and translocation domain, the translocation domain and binding domain 2, the binding domain 2 and a binding domain 1, or any combination thereof.

[011] FIG. 5 shows examples of domain arrangements of multivalent Clostridial toxins. FIG. 5A
depicts the single polypeptide form of a multivalent Clostridial toxin with an amino to carboxyl linear organization comprising a binding domain 1, an enzymatic domain, a translocation domain and a binding domain 2, with the di-chain loop region depicted by the double SS bracket. A
proteolytic cleavage site (P) within a di-chain loop region is located between the enzymatic domain and translocation domain. Upon proteolytic cleavage with a P protease, the single chain form of the toxin is converted to the di-chain form.
The P protease site can be a Clostridial toxin endogenous protease cleavage site or a non-Clostridial toxin exogenous protease cleavage site. Spacers can be placed between the binding domain 1 and the enzymatic domain, the enzymatic domain and translocation domain, the translocation domain and binding domain 2, or any combination thereof. FIG. 5B depicts the single polypeptide form of a multivalent Clostridial toxin with an amino to carboxyl linear organization comprising a translocation domain, a binding domain 2, a binding domain 1 and an enzymatic domain, with the di-chain loop region depicted by the double SS bracket. A proteolytic cleavage site (P) within a di-chain loop region is located between the binding domain 2 and binding domain 1. Upon proteolytic cleavage with a P
protease, the single chain form of the toxin is converted to the di-chain form. The P protease site can be a Clostridial toxin endogenous protease cleavage site or a non-Clostridial toxin exogenous protease cleavage site.
Spacers can be placed between the translocation domain and binding domain 2, the binding domain 2 and binding domain 1, the binding domain 1 and enzymatic domain, or any combination thereof. FIG. 5C
depicts the single polypeptide form of a multivalent Clostridial toxin with an amino to carboxyl linear organization comprising a translocation domain, a binding domain 2, an enzymatic domain and a binding domain 1, with the di-chain loop region depicted by the double SS bracket. A
proteolytic cleavage site (P) within a di-chain loop region is located between the binding domain 2 and enzymatic domain. Upon proteolytic cleavage with a P protease, the single chain form of the toxin is converted to the di-chain form.
The P protease site can be a Clostridial toxin endogenous protease cleavage site or a non-Clostridial toxin exogenous protease cleavage site. Spacers can be placed between the translocation domain and binding domain 2, the binding domain 2 and enzymatic domain, the enzymatic domain and binding domain 1, or any combination thereof. FIG. 5D depicts the single polypeptide form of a multivalent Clostridial toxin with an amino to carboxyl linear organization comprising a binding domain 2, a translocation domain, a binding domain 1 and an enzymatic domain, with the di-chain loop region depicted by the double SS bracket. A proteolytic cleavage site (P) within a di-chain loop region is located between the translocation domain and binding domain 1. Upon proteolytic cleavage with a P protease, the single chain form of the toxin is converted to the di-chain form. The P
protease site can be a Clostridial toxin endogenous protease cleavage site or a non-Clostridial toxin exogenous protease cleavage site. Spacers can be placed between the binding domain 2 and translocation domain, the translocation domain and binding domain 1, the binding domain 1 and enzymatic domain, or any combination thereof.

[012] FIG. 6 shows examples of domain arrangements of multivalent Clostridial toxins. FIG. 6A
depicts the single polypeptide form of a multivalent Clostridial toxin with an amino to carboxyl linear organization comprising an enzymatic domain, a translocation domain, a binding domain 1 and a binding domain 2, with the di-chain loop region depicted by the double SS bracket. A
first protease cleavage site (P) within a di-chain loop region is located between the enzymatic domain and translocation domain. A
second protease cleavage site (P) is located between the binding domain 1 and binding domain 2. Upon proteolytic cleavage with a P protease, the single chain form of the toxin is converted to the tri-chain form.
The P protease site can be a Clostridial toxin endogenous protease cleavage site or a non-Clostridial toxin exogenous protease cleavage site. Additionally, the first and second proteolytic cleavage sites can be the same site cleaved by the same protease or different sites cleaved by different proteases. Spacers can be placed between the enzymatic domain and translocation domain, the translocation domain and binding domain 1, the binding domain 1 and binding domain 2, or any combination thereof. FIG. 6B
depicts the single polypeptide form of a multivalent Clostridial toxin with an amino to carboxyl linear organization comprising an enzymatic domain, a translocation domain, a binding domain 2 and a binding domain 1, with the di-chain loop region depicted by the double SS bracket. A
first protease cleavage site (P) within a di-chain loop region is located between the enzymatic domain and translocation domain. A
second protease cleavage site (P) is located between the binding domain 2 and binding domain 1. Upon proteolytic cleavage with a P protease, the single chain form of the toxin is converted to the tri-chain form.
The P protease cleavage site can be a Clostridial toxin endogenous protease cleavage site or a non-Clostridial toxin exogenous protease cleavage site. Additionally, the first and second protease cleavage sites can be the same site cleaved by the same protease or different sites cleaved by different proteases.
Spacers can be placed between the enzymatic domain and translocation domain, the translocation domain and binding domain 2, the binding domain 2 and binding domain 1, or any combination thereof.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[013] The present invention provides novel Clostridial toxins that greatly extended the number of therapeutic applications that can exploit the advantages offered by current Clostridial toxin therapies.
These multivalent Clostridial toxins comprise, in part, multiple binding domains. Each binding domain can be capable of binding 1) the cognate Clostridial toxin receptor present on the surface of a naturally-occurring Clostridial toxin target cell; 2) a different receptor present on the surface of a naturally occurring Clostridial toxin target cell; or 3) a different receptor present on the surface of the non-Clostridial toxin target cell. As such, a multivalent Clostridial toxin comprising multiple binding domains can exhibit increased specificity, efficacy and efficiency by which such multivalent Clostridial toxins can interact with a particular target cell and enzymatically modify its target SNARE substrate.
Additionally, a multivalent Clostridial toxin comprising multiple binding domains can exhibit increased the versatility and therapeutic scope of current Clostridial toxin therapeutic applications by simultaneously targeting multiple cell types responsible for different aspects of a diseased state, such as, e.g., a nerve spasticity symptom and a pain symptom, or an aberrant enzyme release symptom and a pain symptom.

[014] Aspects of the present invention a composition comprising a multivalent Clostridial toxin comprising a Clostridial toxin enzymatic domain, a Clostridial toxin translocation domain, a first binding domain and a second binding domain, wherein each of the binding domains is independently capable of binding a cell surface receptor of a target cell. It is envisioned that the first binding domain and second binding domain may be identical to each other or different.

[015] Other aspects of the present invention provide polynucleotide molecules encoding a multivalent Clostridial toxin comprising a Clostridial toxin enzymatic domain, a Clostridial toxin translocation domain, a first binding domain and a second binding domain.

[016] Other aspects of the present invention provide methods of producing a multivalent Clostridial toxin disclosed in the present specification, the method comprising the step of expressing in a cell a polynucleotide molecule encoding a multivalent Clostridial toxin comprising a Clostridial toxin enzymatic domain, a Clostridial toxin translocation domain, a first binding domain and a second binding domain.
Other aspects of the present invention provide methods of producing a multivalent Clostridial toxin disclosed in the present specification, the method comprising the steps of introducing in a cell an expression construct comprising a polynucleotide molecule encoding a multivalent Clostridial toxin comprising a Clostridial toxin enzymatic domain, a Clostridial toxin translocation domain, a first binding domain and a second binding domain and expressing the expression construct in the cell.

[017] Clostridia toxins produced by Clostridium botulinum, Clostridium tetani, Clostridium baratii and Clostridium butyricum are the most widely used in therapeutic and cosmetic treatments of humans and other mammals. Strains of C. botulinum produce seven antigenically-distinct types of Botulinum toxins (BoNTs), which have been identified by investigating botulism outbreaks in man (BoNT/A, /B, /E and /F), animals (BoNT/C1 and /D), or isolated from soil (BoNT/G). BoNTs possess approximately 35% amino acid identity with each other and share the same functional domain organization and overall structural architecture. It is recognized by those of skill in the art that within each type of Clostridial toxin there can be subtypes that differ somewhat in their amino acid sequence, and also in the nucleic acids encoding these proteins. For example, there are presently four BoNT/A subtypes, BoNT/A1, BoNT/A2, BoNT/A3 and BoNT/A4, with specific subtypes showing approximately 89% amino acid identity when compared to another BoNT/A subtype. While all seven BoNT serotypes have similar structure and pharmacological properties, each also displays heterogeneous bacteriological characteristics.
In contrast, tetanus toxin (TeNT) is produced by a uniform group of C. tetani. Two other species of Clostridia, C. baratii and C.
butyricum, also produce toxins, BaNT and BuNT respectively, which are similar to BoNT/F and BoNT/E, respectively.

[018] Clostridial toxins are each translated as a single chain polypeptide of approximately 150 kDa that is subsequently cleaved by proteolytic scission within a disulfide loop by a naturally-occurring protease (FIG. 2). This cleavage occurs within the discrete di-chain loop region created between two cysteine residues that form a disulfide bridge. This posttranslational processing yields a di-chain molecule comprising an approximately 50 kDa light chain (LC) and an approximately 100 kDa heavy chain (HC) held together by the single disulfide bond and non-covalent interactions between the two chains. The naturally-occurring protease used to convert the single chain molecule into the di-chain is currently not known. In some serotypes, such as, e.g., BoNT/A, the naturally-occurring protease is produced endogenously by the bacteria serotype and cleavage occurs within the cell before the toxin is release into the environment. However, in other serotypes, such as, e.g., BoNT/E, the bacterial strain appears not to produce an endogenous protease capable of converting the single chain form of the toxin into the di-chain form. In these situations, the toxin is released from the cell as a single-chain toxin which is subsequently converted into the di-chain form by a naturally-occurring protease found in the environment.
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Table:1::ClO.SMd:1A1:::ToMn:Refe:re:nee:Se".`uerices:and::a~e' H :>:::::>:::::>::::::>:::::>:::::>::::
T~~eiri::> ::::::::::>~~
`1~:1~O:::::::::::::>::::::>:::L~::::>::::::::::::>:::::::::::::::::>:::::`::::
:>::::::>:::
::::::::::::::::::. :::::::::::::::::::::::::.::::::::::::::::
~.:::::::::::::: ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::
.::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::
H ::>:::>:::>:::>: ::::>:::>:::>::H:>::::>::::::>::::::>::::::>::
Or~
BoNT/A 1 M1-K448 A449-1873 1874-P1110 Y1111-L1296 BoNT/B 2 M1-K441 A442-1860 L861-E1097 Y1098-E1291 BoNT/C1 3 M1-K449 T450-1868 N869-E1111 Y1112-E1291 BoNT/D 4 M1-R445 D446-1864 N865-E1098 Y1099-E1276 BoNT/E 5 M1-R422 K423-1847 K848-E1085 Y1086-K1252 BoNT/F 6 M1-K439 A440-1866 K867-K1105 Y1106-E1274 BoNT/G 7 M1-K446 S447-1865 S866-Q1105 Y1106-E1297 TeNT 8 M1-A457 S458-L881 K882-E1127 Y1128-D1315 BaNT 9 M1-K431 N432-1857 1858-K1094 Y1095-E1268 BuNT 10 M1-R422 K423-1847 K848-E1085 Y1086-K1251 [019] Each mature di-chain molecule comprises three functionally distinct domains: 1) an enzymatic domain located in the LC that includes a metalloprotease region containing a zinc-dependent endopeptidase activity which specifically targets core components of the neurotransmitter release apparatus; 2) a translocation domain contained within the amino-terminal half of the HC (HN) that facilitates release of the LC from intracellular vesicles into the cytoplasm of the target cell; and 3) a binding domain found within the carboxyl-terminal half of the HC (Hc) that determines the binding activity and binding specificity of the toxin to the receptor complex located at the surface of the target cell. The Hc domain comprises two distinct structural features of roughly equal size that indicate function and are designated the HCN and Hcc subdomains. Table 1 gives approximate boundary regions for each domain and subdomain found in exemplary Clostridial toxins. When discussing the three general neurotoxin domains of each clostridial neurotoxin subtype (binding, translocation and endopeptidase) it will be understood that clostridial neurotoxin research is a well-developed field, and the correlation of the amino acid sequences comprising each of these domains with their functions is well known. Additionally, the nucleotide and amino acid sequences of each of these domains are known and have been disclosed in this specification.

[020] The binding, translocation and enzymatic activity of these three functional domains are all necessary for toxicity. While all details of this process are not yet precisely known, the overall cellular intoxication mechanism whereby Clostridial toxins enter a neuron and inhibit neurotransmitter release is similar, regardless of type. Although the applicants have no wish to be limited by the following description, the intoxication mechanism can be described as comprising at least four steps: 1) receptor binding, 2) complex internalization, 3) light chain translocation, and 4) enzymatic target modification (see FIG. 1). The process is initiated when the Hc domain of a Clostridial toxin binds to a toxin-specific receptor complex located on the plasma membrane surface of a target cell. The binding specificity of a receptor complex is thought to be achieved, in part, by specific combinations of gangliosides and protein receptors that appear to distinctly comprise each Clostridial toxin receptor complex. Once bound, the toxin/receptor complexes are internalized by endocytosis and the internalized vesicles are sorted to specific intracellular routes. The translocation step appears to be triggered by the acidification of the vesicle compartment. This process seems to initiate two important pH-dependent structural rearrangements that increase hydrophobicity and promote formation di-chain form of the toxin. Once activated, light chain endopeptidase of the toxin is released from the intracellular vesicle into the cytosol where it specifically targets one of three known core components of the neurotransmitter release apparatus. These core proteins, vesicle-associated membrane protein (VAMP)/synaptobrevin, synaptosomal-associated protein of 25 kDa (SNAP-25) and Syntaxin, are necessary for synaptic vesicle docking and fusion at the nerve terminal and constitute members of the soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor-attachment protein-receptor (SNARE) family. BoNT/A and BoNT/E
cleave SNAP-25 in the carboxyl-terminal region, releasing a nine or twenty-six amino acid segment, respectively, and BoNT/C1 also cleaves SNAP-25 near the carboxyl-terminus. The botulinum serotypes BoNT/B, BoNT/D, BoNT/F and BoNT/G, and tetanus toxin, act on the conserved central portion of VAMP, and release the amino-terminal portion of VAMP into the cytosol. BoNT/C1 cleaves syntaxin at a single site near the cytosolic membrane surface. The selective proteolysis of synaptic SNAREs accounts for the block of neurotransmitter release caused by Clostridial toxins in vivo. The SNARE
protein targets of Clostridial toxins are common to exocytosis in a variety of non-neuronal types; in these cells, as in neurons, light chain peptidase activity inhibits exocytosis, see, e.g., Yann Humeau et al., How Botulinum and Tetanus Neurotoxins Block Neurotransmitter Release, 82(5) Biochimie. 427-446 (2000);
Kathryn Turton et al., Botulinum and Tetanus Neurotoxins: Structure, Function and Therapeutic Utility, 27(11) Trends Biochem.
Sci. 552-558. (2002); Giovanna Lalli et al., The Journey of Tetanus and Botulinum Neurotoxins in Neurons, 11(9) Trends Microbiol. 431-437, (2003).

[021] The three-dimensional crystal structures of BoNT/A, BoNT/B and the Hc domain of TeNT indicate that the three functional domains of Clostridial neurotoxins are structurally distinct domains that are shared by all Clostridial toxins. The HEXXH consensus motif of the light chain forms the tetrahedral zinc binding pocket of the catalytic site located in a deep cleft on the protein surface that is accessible by a channel. The structure of the HN and Hc domains consists primarily of (3-sheet topologies that are linked by a single a-helix. The cylindrical-shaped HN domain comprises two long amphipathic a-helices that resemble the coiled-coil motif found in some viral proteins. The HN domain also forms a long unstructured loop called the `translocation belt,' which wraps around a large negatively charged cleft of the light chain that blocks access of the zinc atom to the catalytic-binding pocket of active site. The Hc domain comprises two distinct structural features of roughly equal size that indicate function. The first, designated the HCN domain, is located in the amino half of the Hc domain. The HCN domain forms a(3-barrel, jelly-roll fold. The Hcc domain is the second domain that comprises the Hc domain. This carboxyl-terminal domain comprises a modified (3-trefoil domain which forms three distinct carbohydrate binding regions that resembles the carbohydrate binding moiety found in many sugar-binding proteins, such as, e.g., serum amyloid P, sialidase, cryia, insecticidal a-endotoxin and lectins.
Biochemical studies indicate that the (3-trefoil domain structure of the Hcc domain appears to mediate the binding to specific carbohydrate containing components of the Clostridial toxin receptor on the cell surface, see, e.g., Krzysztof Ginalski et al., Structure-based Sequence Alignment for the Beta-Trefoil Subdomain of the Clostridial Neurotoxin Family Provides Residue Level Information About the Putative Ganglioside Binding Site, 482(1-2) FEBS Lett. 119-124 (2000). The Hc domain tilts away from the HN
domain exposing the surface loops and making them accessible for binding. No contacts occur between the light chain and the Hc domain.

[022] Aspects of the present invention provide, in part, a Clostridial toxin.
As used herein, the term "Clostridial toxin" means any neurotoxin produced by a Clostridial toxin strain that can execute the overall cellular mechanism whereby a Clostridial toxin intoxicates a cell and encompasses the binding of a Clostridial toxin to a low or high affinity receptor complex, the internalization of the toxin/receptor complex, the translocation of the Clostridial toxin light chain into the cytoplasm and the enzymatic modification of a Clostridial toxin substrate. Exemplary Clostridial toxins include those produced by a Clostridium botulinum, a Clostridium tetani, a Clostridium baratii and a Clostridium butyricum.

[023] A Clostridial toxin includes, without limitation, naturally occurring Clostridial toxin variants, such as, e.g., Clostridial toxin isoforms and Clostridial toxin subtypes; non-naturally occurring Clostridial toxin variants, such as, e.g., conservative Clostridial toxin variants, non-conservative Clostridial toxin variants, Clostridial toxin chimeric variants and active Clostridial toxin fragments thereof, or any combination thereof. As used herein, the term "Clostridial toxin variant," whether naturally-occurring or non-naturally-occurring, means a Clostridial toxin that has at least one amino acid change from the corresponding region of the disclosed reference sequences (see Table 1) and can be described in percent identity to the corresponding region of that reference sequence. As non-limiting examples, a BoNT/A variant comprising amino acids 1-1296 of SEQ ID NO: 1 will have at least one amino acid difference, such as, e.g., an amino acid substitution, deletion or addition, as compared to the amino acid region 1-1296 of SEQ ID NO: 1; a BoNT/B variant comprising amino acids 1-1291 of SEQ ID NO: 2 will have at least one amino acid difference, such as, e.g., an amino acid substitution, deletion or addition, as compared to the amino acid region 1-1291 of SEQ ID NO: 2; a BoNT/C1 variant comprising amino acids 1-1291 of SEQ
ID NO: 3 will have at least one amino acid difference, such as, e.g., an amino acid substitution, deletion or addition, as compared to the amino acid region 1-1291 of SEQ ID NO: 3; a BoNT/D variant comprising amino acids 1-1276 of SEQ ID NO: 4 will have at least one amino acid difference, such as, e.g., an amino acid substitution, deletion or addition, as compared to the amino acid region 1-1276 of SEQ ID NO: 4; a BoNT/E variant comprising amino acids 1-1252 of SEQ ID NO: 5 will have at least one amino acid difference, such as, e.g., an amino acid substitution, deletion or addition, as compared to the amino acid region 1-1252 of SEQ ID NO: 5; a BoNT/F variant comprising amino acids 1-1274 of SEQ ID NO: 6 will have at least one amino acid difference, such as, e.g., an amino acid substitution, deletion or addition, as compared to the amino acid region 1-1274 of SEQ ID NO: 6; a BoNT/G variant comprising amino acids 1-1297 of SEQ ID NO: 7 will have at least one amino acid difference, such as, e.g., an amino acid substitution, deletion or addition, as compared to the amino acid region 1-1297 of SEQ ID NO: 7; a TeNT
variant comprising amino acids 1-1315 of SEQ ID NO: 8 will have at least one amino acid difference, such as, e.g., an amino acid substitution, deletion or addition, as compared to the amino acid region 1-1315 of SEQ ID NO: 8; a BaNT variant comprising amino acids 1-1268 of SEQ ID
NO: 9 will have at least one amino acid difference, such as, e.g., an amino acid substitution, deletion or addition, as compared to the amino acid region 1-1268 of SEQ ID NO: 9; and a BuNT variant comprising amino acids 1-1251 of SEQ ID NO: 10 will have at least one amino acid difference, such as, e.g., an amino acid substitution, deletion or addition, as compared to the amino acid region 1-1251 of SEQ ID
NO: 10.

[024] Any of a variety of sequence alignment methods can be used to determine percent identity, including, without limitation, global methods, local methods and hybrid methods, such as, e.g., segment approach methods. Protocols to determine percent identity are routine procedures within the scope of one skilled in the art and from the teaching herein.

[025] Global methods align sequences from the beginning to the end of the molecule and determine the best alignment by adding up scores of individual residue pairs and by imposing gap penalties. Non-limiting methods include, e.g., CLUSTAL W, see, e.g., Julie D. Thompson et al., CLUSTAL W.- Improving the Sensitivity of Progressive Multiple Sequence Alignment Through Sequence Weighting, Position-Specific Gap Penalties and Weight Matrix Choice, 22(22) Nucleic Acids Research 4673-4680 (1994); and iterative refinement, see, e.g., Osamu Gotoh, Significant Improvement in Accuracy of Multiple Protein Sequence Alignments by Iterative Refinement as Assessed by Reference to Structural Alignments, 264(4) J. Mol. Biol. 823-838 (1996).

[026] Local methods align sequences by identifying one or more conserved motifs shared by all of the input sequences. Non-limiting methods include, e.g., Match-box, see, e.g., Eric Depiereux and Ernest Feytmans, Match-Box: A Fundamentally New Algorithm for the Simultaneous Alignment of Several Protein Sequences, 8(5) CABIOS 501-509 (1992); Gibbs sampling, see, e.g., C.
E. Lawrence et al., Detecting Subtle Sequence Signals: A Gibbs Sampling Strategy for Multiple Alignment, 262(5131) Science 208-214 (1993); Align-M, see, e.g., Ivo Van Walle et al., Align-M - A
New Algorithm for Multiple Alignment of Highly Divergent Sequences, 20(9) Bioinformatics,:1428-1435 (2004).

[027] Hybrid methods combine functional aspects of both global and local alignment methods. Non-limiting methods include, e.g., segment-to-segment comparison, see, e.g., Burkhard Morgenstern et al., Multiple DNA and Protein Sequence Alignment Based On Segment-To-Segment Comparison, 93(22) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 12098-12103 (1996); T-Coffee, see, e.g., Cedric Notredame et al., T-Coffee:
A Novel Algorithm for Multiple Sequence Alignment, 302(1) J. Mol. Biol. 205-217 (2000); MUSCLE, see, e.g., Robert C. Edgar, MUSCLE: Multiple Sequence Alignment With High Score Accuracy and High Throughput, 32(5) Nucleic Acids Res. 1792-1797 (2004); and DIALIGN-T, see, e.g., Amarendran R
Subramanian et al., DIALIGN-T.- An Improved Algorithm for Segment-Based Multiple Sequence Alignment, 6(1) BMC Bioinformatics 66 (2005).

[028] As used herein, the term "naturally occurring Clostridial toxin variant"
means any Clostridial toxin produced without the aid of any human manipulation, including, without limitation, Clostridial toxin isoforms produced from alternatively-spliced transcripts, Clostridial toxin isoforms produced by spontaneous mutation and Clostridial toxin subtypes. Non-limiting examples of a Clostridial toxin isoform include, e.g., BoNT/A isoforms, BoNT/B isoforms, BoNT/C1 isoforms, BoNT/D
isoforms, BoNT/E
isoforms, BoNT/F isoforms, BoNT/G isoforms, TeNT isoforms, BaNT isoforms and BuNT isoforms. Non-limiting examples of a Clostridial toxin subtype include, e.g., BoNT/A
subtypes BoNT/Al, BoNT/A2, BoNT/A3 and BoNT/A4; BoNT/B subtypes BoNT/B1, BoNT/B2, BoNT/B bivalent and BoNT/B
nonproteolytic; BoNT/C1 subtypes BoNT/C1-1 and BoNT/C1-2; BoNT/E subtypes BoNT/El, BoNT/E2 and BoNT/E3; and BoNT/F subtypes BoNT/F1, BoNT/F2, BoNT/F3 and BoNT/F4.

[029] As used herein, the term "non-naturally occurring Clostridial toxin variant" means any Clostridial toxin produced with the aid of human manipulation, including, without limitation, Clostridial toxins produced by genetic engineering using random mutagenesis or rational design and Clostridial toxins produced by chemical synthesis. Non-limiting examples of non-naturally occurring Clostridial toxin variants include, e.g., conservative Clostridial toxin variants, non-conservative Clostridial toxin variants, Clostridial toxin chimeric variants and active Clostridial toxin fragments.

[030] As used herein, the term "conservative Clostridial toxin variant" means a Clostridial toxin that has at least one amino acid substituted by another amino acid or an amino acid analog that has at least one property similar to that of the original amino acid from the reference Clostridial toxin sequence (Table 1).
Examples of properties include, without limitation, similar size, topography, charge, hydrophobicity, hydrophilicity, lipophilicity, covalent-bonding capacity, hydrogen-bonding capacity, a physicochemical property, of the like, or any combination thereof. A conservative Clostridial toxin variant can function in substantially the same manner as the reference Clostridial toxin on which the conservative Clostridial toxin variant is based, and can be substituted for the reference Clostridial toxin in any aspect of the present invention. A conservative Clostridial toxin variant may substitute one or more amino acids, two or more amino acids, three or more amino acids, four or more amino acids, five or more amino acids, ten or more amino acids, 20 or more amino acids, 30 or more amino acids, 40 or more amino acids, 50 or more amino acids, 100 or more amino acids, 200 or more amino acids, 300 or more amino acids, 400 or more amino acids, or 500 or more amino acids from the reference Clostridial toxin on which the conservative Clostridial toxin variant is based. A conservative Clostridial toxin variant can also substitute at least 10 contiguous amino acids, at least 15 contiguous amino acids, at least 20 contiguous amino acids, or at least 25 contiguous amino acids from the reference Clostridial toxin on which the conservative Clostridial toxin variant is based, that possess at least 50% amino acid identity, 65%
amino acid identity, 75% amino acid identity, 85% amino acid identity or 95% amino acid identity to the reference Clostridial toxin on which the conservative Clostridial toxin variant is based. Non-limiting examples of a conservative Clostridial toxin variant include, e.g., conservative BoNT/A variants, conservative BoNT/B variants, conservative BoNT/C1 variants, conservative BoNT/D variants, conservative BoNT/E variants, conservative BoNT/F variants, conservative BoNT/G variants, conservative TeNT
variants, conservative BaNT variants and conservative BuNT variants.

[031] As used herein, the term "non-conservative Clostridial toxin variant"
means a Clostridial toxin in which 1) at least one amino acid is deleted from the reference Clostridial toxin on which the non-conservative Clostridial toxin variant is based; 2) at least one amino acid added to the reference Clostridial toxin on which the non-conservative Clostridial toxin is based; or 3) at least one amino acid is substituted by another amino acid or an amino acid analog that does not share any property similar to that of the original amino acid from the reference Clostridial toxin sequence (Table 1). A non-conservative Clostridial toxin variant can function in substantially the same manner as the reference Clostridial toxin on which the non-conservative Clostridial toxin variant is based, and can be substituted for the reference Clostridial toxin in any aspect of the present invention. A
non-conservative Clostridial toxin variant can delete one or more amino acids, two or more amino acids, three or more amino acids, four or more amino acids, five or more amino acids, and ten or more amino acids from the reference Clostridial toxin on which the non-conservative Clostridial toxin variant is based. A non-conservative Clostridial toxin variant can add one or more amino acids, two or more amino acids, three or more amino acids, four or more amino acids, five or more amino acids, and ten or more amino acids to the reference Clostridial toxin on which the non-conservative Clostridial toxin variant is based. A non-conservative Clostridial toxin variant may substitute one or more amino acids, two or more amino acids, three or more amino acids, four or more amino acids, five or more amino acids, ten or more amino acids, 20 or more amino acids, 30 or more amino acids, 40 or more amino acids, 50 or more amino acids, 100 or more amino acids, 200 or more amino acids, 300 or more amino acids, 400 or more amino acids, or 500 or more amino acids from the reference Clostridial toxin on which the non-conservative Clostridial toxin variant is based. A non-conservative Clostridial toxin variant can also substitute at least 10 contiguous amino acids, at least 15 contiguous amino acids, at least 20 contiguous amino acids, or at least 25 contiguous amino acids from the reference Clostridial toxin on which the non-conservative Clostridial toxin variant is based, that possess at least 50% amino acid identity, 65%
amino acid identity, 75% amino acid identity, 85% amino acid identity or 95% amino acid identity to the reference Clostridial toxin on which the non-conservative Clostridial toxin variant is based. Non-limiting examples of a non-conservative Clostridial toxin variant include, e.g., non-conservative BoNT/A
variants, non-conservative BoNT/B variants, non-conservative BoNT/C1 variants, non-conservative BoNT/D
variants, non-conservative BoNT/E variants, non-conservative BoNT/F variants, non-conservative BoNT/G variants, non-conservative TeNT variants, non-conservative BaNT variants and non-conservative BuNT variants.

[032] As used herein, the term "Clostridial toxin chimeric variant" means a molecule comprising at least a portion of a Clostridial toxin and at least a portion of at least one other protein to form a toxin with at least one property different from the reference Clostridial toxins of Table 1.
One class of Clostridial toxin chimeric variant comprises a modified Clostridial toxin were the endogenous cell binding domain of a naturally-occurring Clostridial toxin is either modified or replaced with a cell binding domain of another molecule. Such modified Clostridial toxin possesses an altered cell binding activity because the modified toxin can, e.g., use the same receptor present on the surface of a naturally occurring Clostridial toxin target cell, referred to as an enhanced cell binding activity for a naturally-occurring Clostridial toxin target cell; use a different receptor present on the surface of a naturally occurring Clostridial toxin target cell, referred to as an altered cell binding activity for a naturally-occurring Clostridial toxin target cell, or use a different receptor present on the surface of the non-Clostridial toxin target cell, referred to as an altered cell binding activity for a non-naturally-occurring Clostridial toxin target cell.

[033] A Clostridial toxin chimeric variant can be a modified Clostridial toxin with an enhanced cell binding activity capable of intoxicating a naturally occurring Clostridial toxin target cell, e.g., a motor neuron. One way this enhanced binding activity is achieved by modifying the endogenous targeting domain of a naturally-occurring Clostridial toxin in order to enhance a cell binding activity of the toxin for its naturally-occurring receptor. Such modifications to a targeting domain result in, e.g., a enhanced cell binding activity that increases binding affinity for an endogenous Clostridial toxin receptor present on a naturally-occurring Clostridial toxin target cell; an enhanced cell binding activity that increases binding specificity for a subgroup of endogenous Clostridial toxin receptors present on a naturally-occurring Clostridial toxin target cell; or an enhanced cell binding activity that increases both binding affinity and binding specificity. Non-limiting examples of modified Clostridial toxins an enhanced cell binding activity for a naturally-occurring Clostridial toxin receptor are described in, e.g., Lance E. Steward, et al., Modified Clostridial Toxins with Enhanced Targeting Capabilities For Endogenous Clostridial Toxin Receptors, International Patent Publication No. 2006/008956 (Mar. 14, 2006), Lance E.
Steward, Modified Clostridial Toxins with Enhanced Translocation Capability, and Enhanced Targeting Activity, U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 60/807,063 (Jul. 11, 2006); the content of which are all hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety.

[034] A Clostridial toxin chimeric variant can be a modified Clostridial toxin with an altered cell binding activity capable of intoxicating a naturally occurring Clostridial toxin target cell, e.g., a motor neuron. One way this altered capability is achieved by replacing the endogenous targeting domain of a naturally-occurring Clostridial toxin with a targeting domain of another molecule that selectively binds to a different receptor present on the surface of a naturally occurring Clostridial toxin target cell. Such a modification to a targeting domain results in a modified toxin that is able to selectively bind to a non-Clostridial toxin receptor (target receptor) present on a Clostridial toxin target cell. This enhanced binding activity for a naturally occurring Clostridial toxin target cell allows for lower effective doses of a modified Clostridial toxin to be administered to an individual because more toxin will be delivered to the target cell. Thus, modified Clostridial toxins with an enhanced binding activity will reduce the undesirable dispersal of the toxin to areas not targeted for treatment, thereby reducing or preventing the undesirable side-effects associated with diffusion of a Clostridial toxin to an unwanted location. Non-limiting examples of modified Clostridial toxins with an altered cell binding capability for a Clostridial toxin target cell are described in, e.g., Lance E. Steward et al., Modified Clostridial Toxins with Altered Targeting Capabilities For Clostridial Toxin Target Cells, International Patent Publication No. 2006/009831 (Mar. 14, 2005); Lance E. Steward et al., Multivalent Clostridial Toxin Derivatives and Methods of Their Use, U.S. Patent Application No.
11/376,696 (Mar. 15, 2006); and Lance E. Steward, Modified Clostridial Toxins with Enhanced Translocation Capabilities and Altered Targeting Activity for Clostridial Toxin Target Cells, U.S.
Provisional Patent Application No. 60/807,062, (Jul. 11, 2006); the contents of all of which are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety.

[035] A Clostridial toxin chimeric variant can be a modified Clostridial toxin with an altered cell binding activity capable of intoxicating a cell other than a naturally occurring Clostridial toxin target cell, e.g., a cell other than a motor neuron. These modified toxins achieve this intoxication by using a target receptor present on non-Clostridial toxin target cell. This re-targeted capability is achieved by replacing a naturally-occurring targeting domain of a Clostridial toxin with a targeting domain showing a selective binding activity for a non-Clostridial toxin receptor present in a non-Clostridial toxin target cell. Such modifications to a targeting domain result in a modified toxin that is able to selectively bind to a non-Clostridial toxin receptor (target receptor) present on a non-Clostridial toxin target cell (re-targeted). A
modified Clostridial toxin with an altered targeting activity for a non-Clostridial toxin target cell can bind to a target receptor, translocate into the cytoplasm, and exert its proteolytic effect on the SNARE complex of the non-Clostridial toxin target cell. Non-limiting examples of modified Clostridial toxins with an altered targeting activity for a non-Clostridial toxin target cell are described in, e.g., Keith A. Foster et al., Clostridial Toxin Derivatives Able To Modify Peripheral Sensory Afferent Functions, U.S. Patent 5,989,545 (Nov. 23, 1999); Clifford C. Shone et al., Recombinant Toxin Fragments, U.S. Patent 6,461,617 (Oct. 8, 2002); Conrad P. Quinn et al., Methods and Compounds for the Treatment of Mucus Hypersecretion, U.S. Patent 6,632,440 (Oct. 14, 2003); Lance E. Steward et al., Methods And Compositions For The Treatment Of Pancreatitis, U.S. Patent 6,843,998 (Jan.
18, 2005); Stephan Donovan, Clostridial Toxin Derivatives and Methods For Treating Pain, U.S.
Patent Publication 2002/0037833 (Mar. 28, 2002); Keith A. Foster et al., Inhibition of Secretion from Non-neural Cells, U.S.
Patent Publication 2003/0180289 (Sep. 25, 2003); J. Oliver Dolly et al., Activatable Recombinant Neurotoxins, International Patent Publication WO 2001/014570 (Mar. 1, 2001);
Keith A. Foster et al., Re-targeted Toxin Conjugates, International Patent Publication WO 2005/023309 (Mar. 17, 2005); Lance E.
Steward et al., Multivalent Clostridial Toxin Derivatives and Methods of Their Use, U.S. Patent Application No. 11/376,696 (Mar. 15, 2006); Keith A. Foster, Fusion Proteins, International Patent Publication WO
2006/059093 (Jun. 8, 2005); Keith A. Foster, Non-Cytotoxic Protein Conjugates, International Patent Publication WO 2006/059105 (Jun. 8, 2005); and Lance E. Steward, Modified Clostridial Toxins with Enhanced Translocation Capabilities and Altered Targeting Capabilities for Non-Clostridial Toxin Target Cells, U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 60/807,059, (Jul. 11, 2006);
the contents of all of which are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety. The ability to re-target the therapeutic effects associated with Clostridial toxins has greatly extended the number of medicinal applications able to use a Clostridial toxin therapy. As a non-limiting example, modified Clostridial toxins retargeted to sensory neurons are useful in treating various kinds of chronic pain, such as, e.g., hyperalgesia and allodynia, neuropathic pain and inflammatory pain, see, e.g., Foster, supra, (1999); and Donovan, supra, (2002);
and Stephan Donovan, Method For Treating Neurogenic Inflammation Pain with Botulinum Toxin and Substance P Components, U.S. Patent 7,022,329 (Apr. 4, 2006). As another non-limiting example, modified Clostridial toxins retargeted to pancreatic cells are useful in treating pancreatitis, see, e.g., Steward, supra, (2005).

[036] Thus, in an embodiment, a Clostridial toxin chimeric variant can comprise a modified Clostridial toxin disclosed in the present specification where the binding domain comprises an enhanced cell binding activity capable of intoxicating a naturally occurring Clostridial toxin target cell. In another embodiment, a Clostridial toxin chimeric variant can comprise a modified Clostridial toxin disclosed in the present specification where the binding domain comprises an altered cell binding activity capable of intoxicating a naturally occurring Clostridial toxin target cell. In still another embodiment, a Clostridial toxin chimeric variant can comprise a modified Clostridial toxin disclosed in the present specification where the binding domain comprises an altered cell binding activity capable of intoxicating a non-naturally occurring Clostridial toxin target cell.

[037] It is also envisioned that any of a variety of Clostridial toxin fragments can be useful in aspects of the present invention with the proviso that these active fragments can execute the overall cellular mechanism whereby a Clostridial toxin proteolytically cleaves a substrate.
Thus, aspects of this embodiment can include Clostridial toxin fragments having a length of, e.g., at least 300 amino acids, at least 400 amino acids, at least 500 amino acids, at least 600 amino acids, at least 700 amino acids, at least 800 amino acids, at least 900 amino acids, at least 1000 amino acids, at least 1100 amino acids and at least 1200 amino acids. Other aspects of this embodiment, can include Clostridial toxin fragments having a length of, e.g., at most 300 amino acids, at most 400 amino acids, at most 500 amino acids, at most 600 amino acids, at most 700 amino acids, at most 800 amino acids, at most 900 amino acids, at most 1000 amino acids, at most 1100 amino acids and at most 1200 amino acids.

[038] It is also envisioned that any of a variety of Clostridial toxin fragments comprising the light chain can be useful in aspects of the present invention with the proviso that these light chain fragments can specifically target the core components of the neurotransmitter release apparatus and thus participate in executing the overall cellular mechanism whereby a Clostridial toxin proteolytically cleaves a substrate.
The light chains of Clostridial toxins are approximately 420-460 amino acids in length and comprise an enzymatic domain (Table 1). Research has shown that the entire length of a Clostridial toxin light chain is not necessary for the enzymatic activity of the enzymatic domain. As a non-limiting example, the first eight amino acids of the BoNT/A light chain (residues 1-8 of SEQ ID NO: 1) are not required for enzymatic activity. As another non-limiting example, the first eight amino acids of the TeNT light chain (residues 1-8 of SEQ ID NO: 8) are not required for enzymatic activity.
Likewise, the carboxyl-terminus of the light chain is not necessary for activity. As a non-limiting example, the last 32 amino acids of the BoNT/A light chain (residues 417-448 of SEQ ID NO: 1) are not required for enzymatic activity. As another non-limiting example, the last 31 amino acids of the TeNT light chain (residues 427-457 of SEQ
ID NO: 8) are not required for enzymatic activity. Thus, aspects of this embodiment can include Clostridial toxin light chains comprising an enzymatic domain having a length of, e.g., at least 350 amino acids, at least 375 amino acids, at least 400 amino acids, at least 425 amino acids and at least 450 amino acids. Other aspects of this embodiment can include Clostridial toxin light chains comprising an enzymatic domain having a length of, e.g., at most 350 amino acids, at most 375 amino acids, at most 400 amino acids, at most 425 amino acids and at most 450 amino acids.

[039] It is also envisioned that any of a variety of Clostridial toxin HN
regions comprising a translocation domain can be useful in aspects of the present invention with the proviso that these active fragments can facilitate the release of the LC from intracellular vesicles into the cytoplasm of the target cell and thus participate in executing the overall cellular mechanism whereby a Clostridial toxin proteolytically cleaves a substrate. The HN regions from the heavy chains of Clostridial toxins are approximately 410-430 amino acids in length and comprise a translocation domain (Table 1). Research has shown that the entire length of a HN region from a Clostridial toxin heavy chain is not necessary for the translocating activity of the translocation domain. Thus, aspects of this embodiment can include Clostridial toxin HN regions comprising a translocation domain having a length of, e.g., at least 350 amino acids, at least 375 amino acids, at least 400 amino acids and at least 425 amino acids. Other aspects of this embodiment can include Clostridial toxin HN regions comprising translocation domain having a length of, e.g., at most 350 amino acids, at most 375 amino acids, at most 400 amino acids and at most 425 amino acids.

[040] It is also envisioned that any of a variety of Clostridial toxin Hc regions comprising a binding domain can be useful in aspects of the present invention with the proviso that these active fragments can determine the binding activity and binding specificity of the toxin to the receptor complex located at the surface of the target cell execute the overall cellular mechanism whereby a Clostridial toxin proteolytically cleaves a substrate. The Hc regions from the heavy chains of Clostridial toxins are approximately 400-440 amino acids in length and comprise a binding domain (Table 1). Research has shown that the entire length of a Hc region from a Clostridial toxin heavy chain is not necessary for the binding activity of the binding domain. Thus, aspects of this embodiment can include Clostridial toxin Hc regions comprising a binding domain having a length of, e.g., at least 350 amino acids, at least 375 amino acids, at least 400 amino acids and at least 425 amino acids. Other aspects of this embodiment can include Clostridial toxin Hc regions comprising a binding domain having a length of, e.g., at most 350 amino acids, at most 375 amino acids, at most 400 amino acids and at most 425 amino acids.

[041] Thus, in an embodiment, a Clostridial toxin comprises a Clostridial toxin enzymatic domain, a Clostridial toxin translocation domain and a Clostridial toxin binding domain.
In an aspect of this embodiment, a Clostridial toxin comprises a naturally occurring Clostridial toxin variant, such as, e.g., a Clostridial toxin isoform or a Clostridial toxin subtype. In another aspect of this embodiment, a Clostridial toxin comprises a non-naturally occurring Clostridial toxin variant, such as, e.g., a conservative Clostridial toxin variant, a non-conservative Clostridial toxin variant or an active Clostridial toxin fragment, or any combination thereof. In another aspect of this embodiment, a Clostridial toxin comprises a Clostridial toxin enzymatic domain or an active fragment thereof, a Clostridial toxin translocation domain or an active fragment thereof, a Clostridial toxin binding domain or an active fragment thereof, or any combination thereof. In other aspects of this embodiment, a Clostridial toxin can comprise a BoNT/A, a BoNT/B, a BoNT/C1, a BoNT/D, a BoNT/E, a BoNT/F, a BoNT/G, a TeNT, a BaNT or a BuNT.

[042] In another embodiment, a Clostridial toxin comprises a BoNT/A. In an aspect of this embodiment, a BoNT/A comprises a BoNT/A enzymatic domain, a BoNT/A
translocation domain and a BoNT/A binding domain. In another aspect of this embodiment, a BoNT/A
comprises SEQ ID NO: 1. In another aspect of this embodiment, a BoNT/A comprises a naturally occurring BoNT/A variant, such as, e.g., a BoNT/A isoform or a BoNT/A subtype. In another aspect of this embodiment, a BoNT/A comprises a naturally occurring BoNT/A variant of SEQ ID NO: 1, such as, e.g., a BoNT/A
isoform of SEQ ID NO: 1 or a BoNT/A subtype of SEQ ID NO: 1. In still another aspect of this embodiment, a BoNT/A comprises a non-naturally occurring BoNT/A variant, such as, e.g., a conservative BoNT/A
variant, a non-conservative BoNT/A variant or an active BoNT/A fragment, or any combination thereof. In still another aspect of this embodiment, a BoNT/A comprises a non-naturally occurring BoNT/A variant of SEQ
ID NO: 1, such as, e.g., a conservative BoNT/A variant of SEQ ID NO: 1, a non-conservative BoNT/A
variant of SEQ ID NO:
1 or an active BoNT/A fragment of SEQ ID NO: 1, or any combination thereof. In yet another aspect of this embodiment, a BoNT/A comprises a BoNT/A enzymatic domain or an active fragment thereof, a BoNT/A translocation domain or an active fragment thereof, a BoNT/A binding domain or an active fragment thereof, or any combination thereof. In yet another aspect of this embodiment, a BoNT/A
comprising a BoNT/A enzymatic domain of amino acids 1-448 from SEQ ID NO: 1 or an active fragment thereof, a BoNT/A translocation domain of amino acids 449-871 from SEQ ID NO:
1 or an active fragment thereof, a BoNT/A binding domain of amino acids 872-1296 from SEQ ID NO: 1 or an active fragment thereof, and any combination thereof.

[043] In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/A comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least 70% amino acid identity with SEQ ID NO: 1, at least 75% amino acid identity with the SEQ ID NO: 1, at least 80% amino acid identity with SEQ ID NO: 1, at least 85% amino acid identity with SEQ ID NO: 1, at least 90% amino acid identity with SEQ ID NO: 1 or at least 95% amino acid identity with SEQ ID NO: 1.
In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/A comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most 70%
amino acid identity with SEQ ID NO: 1, at most 75% amino acid identity with the SEQ ID NO: 1, at most 80% amino acid identity with SEQ ID NO: 1, at most 85% amino acid identity with SEQ ID NO: 1, at most 90% amino acid identity with SEQ ID NO: 1 or at most 95% amino acid identity with SEQ ID NO: 1.

[044] In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/A comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100, 200 or 500 non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to SEQ ID NO: 1. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/A

comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100, 200 or 500 non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to SEQ ID NO: 1. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/A comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100, 200 or 500 non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to SEQ ID NO: 1. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/A comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100, 200 or 500 non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to SEQ ID NO: 1.
In still other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/A comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100, 200 or 500 non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to SEQ ID NO: 1. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/A comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100, 200 or 500 non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to SEQ ID NO: 1.

[045] In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/A comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100, 200 or 500 contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to SEQ ID NO: 1. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/A comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100, 200 or 500 contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to SEQ ID NO: 1.
In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/A comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100, 200 or 500 contiguous amino acid deletions relative to SEQ
ID NO: 1. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/A comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100, 200 or 500 contiguous amino acid deletions relative to SEQ ID NO: 1. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/A comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100, 200 or 500 contiguous amino acid additions relative to SEQ ID NO: 1. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/A comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100, 200 or 500 contiguous amino acid additions relative to SEQ
ID NO: 1.

[046] In another embodiment, a Clostridial toxin comprises a BoNT/B. In an aspect of this embodiment, a BoNT/B comprises a BoNT/B enzymatic domain, a BoNT/B
translocation domain and a BoNT/B binding domain. In another aspect of this embodiment, a BoNT/B
comprises SEQ ID NO: 2. In another aspect of this embodiment, a BoNT/B comprises a naturally occurring BoNT/B variant, such as, e.g., a BoNT/B isoform or a BoNT/B subtype. In another aspect of this embodiment, a BoNT/B comprises a naturally occurring BoNT/B variant of SEQ ID NO: 2, such as, e.g., a BoNT/B
isoform of SEQ ID NO: 2 or a BoNT/B subtype of SEQ ID NO: 2. In still another aspect of this embodiment, a BoNT/B comprises a non-naturally occurring BoNT/B variant, such as, e.g., a conservative BoNT/B
variant, a non-conservative BoNT/B variant or an active BoNT/B fragment, or any combination thereof. In still another aspect of this embodiment, a BoNT/B comprises a non-naturally occurring BoNT/B variant of SEQ
ID NO: 2, such as, e.g., a conservative BoNT/B variant of SEQ ID NO: 2, a non-conservative BoNT/B
variant of SEQ ID NO:
2 or an active BoNT/B fragment of SEQ ID NO: 2, or any combination thereof. In yet another aspect of this embodiment, a BoNT/B comprising a BoNT/B enzymatic domain or an active fragment thereof, a BoNT/B translocation domain or active fragment thereof, a BoNT/B binding domain or active fragment thereof, and any combination thereof. In yet another aspect of this embodiment, a BoNT/B comprising a BoNT/B enzymatic domain of amino acids 1-441 from SEQ ID NO: 2 or active fragment thereof, a BoNT/B translocation domain of amino acids 442-858 from SEQ ID NO: 2 or active fragment thereof, a BoNT/B binding domain of amino acids 859-1291 from SEQ ID NO: 2 or active fragment thereof, and any combination thereof.

[047] In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/B comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least 70% amino acid identity with SEQ ID NO: 2, at least 75% amino acid identity with the SEQ ID NO: 2, at least 80% amino acid identity with SEQ ID NO: 2, at least 85% amino acid identity with SEQ ID NO: 2, at least 90% amino acid identity with SEQ ID NO: 2 or at least 95% amino acid identity with SEQ ID NO: 2.
In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/B comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most 70%
amino acid identity with SEQ ID NO: 2, at most 75% amino acid identity with the SEQ ID NO: 2, at most 80% amino acid identity with SEQ ID NO: 2, at most 85% amino acid identity with SEQ ID NO: 2, at most 90% amino acid identity with SEQ ID NO: 2 or at most 95% amino acid identity with SEQ ID NO: 2.

[048] In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/B comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100, 200 or 500 non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to SEQ ID NO: 2. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/B
comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100, 200 or 500 non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to SEQ ID NO: 2. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/B comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100, 200 or 500 non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to SEQ ID NO: 2. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/B comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100, 200 or 500 non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to SEQ ID NO: 2.
In still other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/B comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100, 200 or 500 non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to SEQ ID NO: 2. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/B comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100, 200 or 500 non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to SEQ ID NO: 2.

[049] In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/B comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100, 200 or 500 contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to SEQ ID NO: 2. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/B comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100, 200 or 500 contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to SEQ ID NO: 2.
In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/B comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100, 200 or 500 contiguous amino acid deletions relative to SEQ
ID NO: 2. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/B comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100, 200 or 500 contiguous amino acid deletions relative to SEQ ID NO: 2. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/B comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100, 200 or 500 contiguous amino acid additions relative to SEQ ID NO: 2. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/B comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100, 200 or 500 contiguous amino acid additions relative to SEQ
ID NO: 2.

[050] In another embodiment, a Clostridial toxin comprises a BoNT/C1. In an aspect of this embodiment, a BoNT/C1comprises a BoNT/Cl enzymatic domain, a BoNT/Cl translocation domain and a BoNT/Cl binding domain. In another aspect of this embodiment, a BoNT/Cl comprises SEQ ID NO: 3.
In another aspect of this embodiment, a BoNT/Cl comprises a naturally occurring BoNT/Cl variant, such as, e.g., a BoNT/Cl isoform or a BoNT/Cl subtype. In another aspect of this embodiment, a BoNT/Cl comprises a naturally occurring BoNT/Cl variant of SEQ ID NO: 3, such as, e.g., a BoNT/Cl isoform of SEQ ID NO: 3 or a BoNT/Cl subtype of SEQ ID NO: 3. In still another aspect of this embodiment, a BoNT/Cl comprises a non-naturally occurring BoNT/Cl variant, such as, e.g., a conservative BoNT/Cl variant, a non-conservative BoNT/Cl variant or an active BoNT/Cl fragment, or any combination thereof.
In still another aspect of this embodiment, a BoNT/Cl comprises a non-naturally occurring BoNT/Cl variant of SEQ ID NO: 3, such as, e.g., a conservative BoNT/Cl variant of SEQ
ID NO: 3, a non-conservative BoNT/Cl variant of SEQ ID NO: 3 or an active BoNT/Cl fragment of SEQ ID NO: 3, or any combination thereof. In yet another aspect of this embodiment, a BoNT/Cl comprises a BoNT/Cl enzymatic domain or active fragment thereof, a BoNT/Cl translocation domain or active fragment thereof, a BoNT/Cl binding domain or active fragment thereof, and any combination thereof. In yet another aspect of this embodiment, a BoNT/Cl comprises a BoNT/Cl enzymatic domain of amino acid 1-449 from SEQ ID NO: 3 or active fragment thereof, a BoNT/Cl translocation domain of amino acids 450-866 from SEQ ID NO: 3 or active fragment thereof, a BoNT/Cl binding domain of amino acids 867-1291 from SEQ ID NO: 3 or active fragment thereof, and any combination thereof.

[051] In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/Cl comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least 70% amino acid identity with SEQ ID NO: 3, at least 75% amino acid identity with the SEQ ID NO: 3, at least 80% amino acid identity with SEQ ID NO: 3, at least 85% amino acid identity with SEQ ID NO: 3, at least 90% amino acid identity with SEQ ID NO: 3 or at least 95% amino acid identity with SEQ ID NO: 3.
In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/Cl comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most 70%
amino acid identity with SEQ ID NO: 3, at most 75% amino acid identity with the SEQ ID NO: 3, at most 80% amino acid identity with SEQ ID NO: 3, at most 85% amino acid identity with SEQ ID NO: 3, at most 90% amino acid identity with SEQ ID NO: 3 or at most 95% amino acid identity with SEQ ID NO: 3.

[052] In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/Cl comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100, 200 or 500 non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to SEQ ID NO: 3. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/Cl comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100, 200 or 500 non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to SEQ ID NO: 3. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/C1 comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100, 200 or 500 non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to SEQ ID NO: 3. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/C1 comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100, 200 or 500 non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to SEQ ID NO: 3.
In still other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/C1 comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100, 200 or 500 non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to SEQ ID NO: 3. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/C1 comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100, 200 or 500 non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to SEQ ID NO: 3.

[053] In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/C1 comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100, 200 or 500 contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to SEQ ID NO: 3. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/C1 comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100, 200 or 500 contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to SEQ ID NO: 3.
In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/C1 comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100, 200 or 500 contiguous amino acid deletions relative to SEQ
ID NO: 3. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/C1 comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100, 200 or 500 contiguous amino acid deletions relative to SEQ ID NO: 3. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/C1 comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100, 200 or 500 contiguous amino acid additions relative to SEQ ID NO: 3. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/C1 comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100, 200 or 500 contiguous amino acid additions relative to SEQ
ID NO: 3.

[054] In another embodiment, a Clostridial toxin comprises a BoNT/D. In an aspect of this embodiment, a BoNT/D comprises a BoNT/D enzymatic domain, a BoNT/D
translocation domain and a BoNT/D binding domain. In another aspect of this embodiment, a BoNT/D
comprises SEQ ID NO: 4. In another aspect of this embodiment, a BoNT/D comprises a naturally occurring BoNT/D variant, such as, e.g., a BoNT/D isoform or a BoNT/D subtype. In another aspect of this embodiment, a BoNT/D
comprises a naturally occurring BoNT/D variant of SEQ ID NO: 4, such as, e.g., a BoNT/D isoform of SEQ ID NO: 4 or a BoNT/D subtype of SEQ ID NO: 4. In still another aspect of this embodiment, a BoNT/D comprises a non-naturally occurring BoNT/D variant, such as, e.g., a conservative BoNT/D
variant, a non-conservative BoNT/D variant or an active BoNT/D fragment, or any combination thereof. In still another aspect of this embodiment, a BoNT/D comprises a non-naturally occurring BoNT/D variant of SEQ ID NO: 4, such as, e.g., a conservative BoNT/D variant of SEQ ID NO: 4, a non-conservative BoNT/D variant of SEQ ID NO: 4 or an active BoNT/D fragment of SEQ ID NO: 4, or any combination thereof. In yet another aspect of this embodiment, a BoNT/D comprises a BoNT/D
enzymatic domain or an active fragment thereof, a BoNT/D translocation domain or an active fragment thereof, a BoNT/D
binding domain or an active fragment thereof, or any combination thereof. In yet another aspect of this embodiment, a BoNT/D comprising a BoNT/D enzymatic domain of amino acids 1-445 from SEQ ID NO:
4 or an active fragment thereof, a BoNT/D translocation domain of amino acids 446-862 from SEQ ID
NO: 4 or an active fragment thereof, a BoNT/D binding domain of amino acids 863-1276 from SEQ ID
NO: 4 or an active fragment thereof, and any combination thereof.

[055] In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/D comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least 70% amino acid identity with SEQ ID NO: 4, at least 75% amino acid identity with the SEQ ID NO: 4, at least 80% amino acid identity with SEQ ID NO: 4, at least 85% amino acid identity with SEQ ID NO: 4, at least 90% amino acid identity with SEQ ID NO: 4 or at least 95% amino acid identity with SEQ ID NO: 4.
In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/D comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most 70%
amino acid identity with SEQ ID NO: 4, at most 75% amino acid identity with the SEQ ID NO: 4, at most 80% amino acid identity with SEQ ID NO: 4, at most 85% amino acid identity with SEQ ID NO: 4, at most 90% amino acid identity with SEQ ID NO: 4 or at most 95% amino acid identity with SEQ ID NO: 4.

[056] In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/D comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100, 200 or 500 non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to SEQ ID NO: 4. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/D
comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100, 200 or 500 non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to SEQ ID NO: 4. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/D comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100, 200 or 500 non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to SEQ ID NO: 4. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/D comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100, 200 or 500 non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to SEQ ID NO: 4.
In still other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/D comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100, 200 or 500 non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to SEQ ID NO: 4. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/D comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100, 200 or 500 non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to SEQ ID NO: 4.

[057] In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/D comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100, 200 or 500 contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to SEQ ID NO: 4. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/D comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100, 200 or 500 contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to SEQ ID NO: 4.
In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/D comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100, 200 or 500 contiguous amino acid deletions relative to SEQ
ID NO: 4. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/D comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100, 200 or 500 contiguous amino acid deletions relative to SEQ ID NO: 4. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/D comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100, 200 or 500 contiguous amino acid additions relative to SEQ ID NO: 4. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/D comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100, 200 or 500 contiguous amino acid additions relative to SEQ
ID NO: 4.

[058] In another embodiment, a Clostridial toxin comprises a BoNT/E. In an aspect of this embodiment, a BoNT/E comprises a BoNT/E enzymatic domain, a BoNT/E
translocation domain and a BoNT/E binding domain. In another aspect of this embodiment, a BoNT/E
comprises SEQ ID NO: 5. In another aspect of this embodiment, a BoNT/E comprises a naturally occurring BoNT/E variant, such as, e.g., a BoNT/E isoform or a BoNT/E subtype. In another aspect of this embodiment, a BoNT/E comprises a naturally occurring BoNT/E variant of SEQ ID NO: 5, such as, e.g., a BoNT/E
isoform of SEQ ID NO: 5 or a BoNT/E subtype of SEQ ID NO: 5. In still another aspect of this embodiment, a BoNT/E comprises a non-naturally occurring BoNT/E variant, such as, e.g., a conservative BoNT/E
variant, a non-conservative BoNT/E variant or an active BoNT/E fragment, or any combination thereof. In still another aspect of this embodiment, a BoNT/E comprises a non-naturally occurring BoNT/E variant of SEQ
ID NO: 5, such as, e.g., a conservative BoNT/E variant of SEQ ID NO: 5, a non-conservative BoNT/E
variant of SEQ ID NO:
or an active BoNT/E fragment of SEQ ID NO: 5, or any combination thereof. In yet another aspect of this embodiment, a BoNT/E comprising a BoNT/E enzymatic domain or an active fragment thereof, a BoNT/E translocation domain or active fragment thereof, a BoNT/E binding domain or active fragment thereof, and any combination thereof. In yet another aspect of this embodiment, a BoNT/E comprising a BoNT/E enzymatic domain of amino acids 1-422 from SEQ ID NO: 5 or active fragment thereof, a BoNT/E translocation domain of amino acids 423-845 from SEQ ID NO: 5 or active fragment thereof, a BoNT/E binding domain of amino acids 846-1252 from SEQ ID NO: 5 or active fragment thereof, and any combination thereof.

[059] In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/E comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least 70% amino acid identity with SEQ ID NO: 5, at least 75% amino acid identity with the SEQ ID NO: 5, at least 80% amino acid identity with SEQ ID NO: 5, at least 85% amino acid identity with SEQ ID NO: 5, at least 90% amino acid identity with SEQ ID NO: 5 or at least 95% amino acid identity with SEQ ID NO: 5.
In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/E comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most 70%
amino acid identity with SEQ ID NO: 5, at most 75% amino acid identity with the SEQ ID NO: 5, at most 80% amino acid identity with SEQ ID NO: 5, at most 85% amino acid identity with SEQ ID NO: 5, at most 90% amino acid identity with SEQ ID NO: 5 or at most 95% amino acid identity with SEQ ID NO: 5.

[060] In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/E comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100, 200 or 500 non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to SEQ ID NO: 5. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/E
comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100, 200 or 500 non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to SEQ ID NO: 5. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/E comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100, 200 or 500 non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to SEQ ID NO: 5. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/E comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100, 200 or 500 non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to SEQ ID NO: 5.
In still other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/E comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100, 200 or 500 non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to SEQ ID NO: 5. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/E comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100, 200 or 500 non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to SEQ ID NO: 5.

[061] In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/E comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100, 200 or 500 contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to SEQ ID NO: 5. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/E comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100, 200 or 500 contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to SEQ ID NO: 5.
In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/E comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100, 200 or 500 contiguous amino acid deletions relative to SEQ
ID NO: 5. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/E comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100, 200 or 500 contiguous amino acid deletions relative to SEQ ID NO: 5. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/E comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100, 200 or 500 contiguous amino acid additions relative to SEQ ID NO: 5. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/E comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100, 200 or 500 contiguous amino acid additions relative to SEQ
ID NO: 5.

[062] In another embodiment, a Clostridial toxin comprises a BoNT/F. In an aspect of this embodiment, a BoNT/F comprises a BoNT/F enzymatic domain, a BoNT/F translocation domain and a BoNT/F binding domain. In another aspect of this embodiment, a BoNT/F comprises SEQ ID NO: 6.
In another aspect of this embodiment, a BoNT/F comprises a naturally occurring BoNT/F variant, such as, e.g., a BoNT/F
isoform or a BoNT/F subtype. In another aspect of this embodiment, a BoNT/F
comprises a naturally occurring BoNT/F variant of SEQ ID NO: 6, such as, e.g., a BoNT/F isoform of SEQ ID NO: 6 or a BoNT/F subtype of SEQ ID NO: 6. In still another aspect of this embodiment, a BoNT/F comprises a non-naturally occurring BoNT/F variant, such as, e.g., a conservative BoNT/F
variant, a non-conservative BoNT/F variant or an active BoNT/F fragment, or any combination thereof. In still another aspect of this embodiment, a BoNT/F comprises a non-naturally occurring BoNT/F variant of SEQ
ID NO: 6, such as, e.g., a conservative BoNT/F variant of SEQ ID NO: 6, a non-conservative BoNT/F
variant of SEQ ID NO:
6 or an active BoNT/F fragment of SEQ ID NO: 6, or any combination thereof. In yet another aspect of this embodiment, a BoNT/F comprises a BoNT/F enzymatic domain or active fragment thereof, a BoNT/F
translocation domain or active fragment thereof, a BoNT/F binding domain or active fragment thereof, and any combination thereof. In yet another aspect of this embodiment, a BoNT/F
comprises a BoNT/F
enzymatic domain of amino acid 1-439 from SEQ ID NO: 6 or active fragment thereof, a BoNT/F
translocation domain of amino acids 440-864 from SEQ ID NO: 6 or active fragment thereof, a BoNT/F
binding domain of amino acids 865-1274 from SEQ ID NO: 6 or active fragment thereof, and any combination thereof.

[063] In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/F comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least 70% amino acid identity with SEQ ID NO: 6, at least 75% amino acid identity with the SEQ ID NO: 6, at least 80% amino acid identity with SEQ ID NO: 6, at least 85% amino acid identity with SEQ ID NO: 6, at least 90% amino acid identity with SEQ ID NO: 6 or at least 95% amino acid identity with SEQ ID NO: 6.
In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/F comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most 70%
amino acid identity with SEQ ID NO: 6, at most 75% amino acid identity with the SEQ ID NO: 6, at most 80% amino acid identity with SEQ ID NO: 6, at most 85% amino acid identity with SEQ ID NO: 6, at most 90% amino acid identity with SEQ ID NO: 6 or at most 95% amino acid identity with SEQ ID NO: 6.

[064] In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/F comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100, 200 or 500 non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to SEQ ID NO: 6. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/F
comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100, 200 or 500 non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to SEQ ID NO: 6. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/F comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100, 200 or 500 non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to SEQ ID NO: 6. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/F comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100, 200 or 500 non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to SEQ ID NO: 6.
In still other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/F comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100, 200 or 500 non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to SEQ ID NO: 6. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/F comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100, 200 or 500 non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to SEQ ID NO: 6.

[065] In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/F comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100, 200 or 500 contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to SEQ ID NO: 6. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/F comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100, 200 or 500 contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to SEQ ID NO: 6.
In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/F comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100, 200 or 500 contiguous amino acid deletions relative to SEQ
ID NO: 6. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/F comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100, 200 or 500 contiguous amino acid deletions relative to SEQ ID NO: 6. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/F comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100, 200 or 500 contiguous amino acid additions relative to SEQ ID NO: 6. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/F comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100, 200 or 500 contiguous amino acid additions relative to SEQ
ID NO: 6.

[066] In another embodiment, a Clostridial toxin comprises a BoNT/G. In an aspect of this embodiment, a BoNT/G comprises a BoNT/G enzymatic domain, a BoNT/G
translocation domain and a BoNT/G binding domain. In another aspect of this embodiment, a BoNT/G
comprises SEQ ID NO: 7. In another aspect of this embodiment, a BoNT/G comprises a naturally occurring BoNT/G variant, such as, e.g., a BoNT/G isoform or a BoNT/G subtype. In another aspect of this embodiment, a BoNT/G
comprises a naturally occurring BoNT/G variant of SEQ ID NO: 7, such as, e.g., a BoNT/G isoform of SEQ ID NO: 7 or a BoNT/G subtype of SEQ ID NO: 7. In still another aspect of this embodiment, a BoNT/G comprises a non-naturally occurring BoNT/G variant, such as, e.g., a conservative BoNT/G
variant, a non-conservative BoNT/G variant or an active BoNT/G fragment, or any combination thereof.
In still another aspect of this embodiment, a BoNT/D comprises a non-naturally occurring BoNT/G variant of SEQ ID NO: 7, such as, e.g., a conservative BoNT/G variant of SEQ ID NO: 7, a non-conservative BoNT/G variant of SEQ ID NO: 7 or an active BoNT/G fragment of SEQ ID NO: 7, or any combination thereof. In yet another aspect of this embodiment, a BoNT/G comprises a BoNT/G
enzymatic domain or an active fragment thereof, a BoNT/G translocation domain or an active fragment thereof, a BoNT/G
binding domain or an active fragment thereof, or any combination thereof. In yet another aspect of this embodiment, a BoNT/G comprising a BoNT/G enzymatic domain of amino acids 1-446 from SEQ ID NO:
7 or an active fragment thereof, a BoNT/G translocation domain of amino acids 447-863 from SEQ ID
NO: 7 or an active fragment thereof, a BoNT/G binding domain of amino acids 864-1297 from SEQ ID
NO: 7 or an active fragment thereof, and any combination thereof.

[067] In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/G comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least 70% amino acid identity with SEQ ID NO: 7, at least 75% amino acid identity with the SEQ ID NO: 7, at least 80% amino acid identity with SEQ ID NO: 7, at least 85% amino acid identity with SEQ ID NO: 7, at least 90% amino acid identity with SEQ ID NO: 7 or at least 95% amino acid identity with SEQ ID NO: 7.
In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/G comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most 70%
amino acid identity with SEQ ID NO: 7, at most 75% amino acid identity with the SEQ ID NO: 7, at most 80% amino acid identity with SEQ ID NO: 7, at most 85% amino acid identity with SEQ ID NO: 7, at most 90% amino acid identity with SEQ ID NO: 7 or at most 95% amino acid identity with SEQ ID NO: 7.

[068] In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/G comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100, 200 or 500 non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to SEQ ID NO: 7. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/G
comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100, 200 or 500 non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to SEQ ID NO: 7. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/G comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100, 200 or 500 non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to SEQ ID NO: 7. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/G comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100, 200 or 500 non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to SEQ ID NO: 7.
In still other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/G comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100, 200 or 500 non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to SEQ ID NO: 7. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/G comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100, 200 or 500 non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to SEQ ID NO: 7.

[069] In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/G comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100, 200 or 500 contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to SEQ ID NO: 7. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/G comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100, 200 or 500 contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to SEQ ID NO: 7.
In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/G comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100, 200 or 500 contiguous amino acid deletions relative to SEQ
ID NO: 7. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/G comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100, 200 or 500 contiguous amino acid deletions relative to SEQ ID NO: 7. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/G comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100, 200 or 500 contiguous amino acid additions relative to SEQ ID NO: 7. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/G comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100, 200 or 500 contiguous amino acid additions relative to SEQ
ID NO: 7.

[070] In another embodiment, a Clostridial toxin comprises a TeNT. In an aspect of this embodiment, a TeNT comprises a TeNT enzymatic domain, a TeNT translocation domain and a TeNT
binding domain.
In an aspect of this embodiment, a TeNT comprises SEQ ID NO: 8. In another aspect of this embodiment, a TeNT comprises a naturally occurring TeNT variant, such as, e.g., a TeNT isoform or a TeNT subtype. In another aspect of this embodiment, a TeNT comprises a naturally occurring TeNT
variant of SEQ ID NO: 8, such as, e.g., a TeNT isoform of SEQ ID NO: 8 or a TeNT subtype of SEQ ID
NO: 8. In still another aspect of this embodiment, a TeNT comprises a non-naturally occurring TeNT
variant, such as, e.g., a conservative TeNT variant, a non-conservative TeNT
variant or an active TeNT
fragment, or any combination thereof. In still another aspect of this embodiment, a TeNT comprises a non-naturally occurring TeNT variant of SEQ ID NO: 8, such as, e.g., a conservative TeNT variant of SEQ
ID NO: 8, a non-conservative TeNT variant of SEQ ID NO: 8 or an active TeNT
fragment of SEQ ID NO:
8, or any combination thereof. In yet another aspect of this embodiment, a TeNT comprising a TeNT
enzymatic domain or an active fragment thereof, a TeNT translocation domain or active fragment thereof, a TeNT binding domain or active fragment thereof, and any combination thereof.
In yet another aspect of this embodiment, a TeNT comprising a TeNT enzymatic domain of amino acids 1-457 from SEQ ID NO: 8 or active fragment thereof, a TeNT translocation domain of amino acids 458-879 from SEQ ID NO: 8 or active fragment thereof, a TeNT binding domain of amino acids 880-1315 from SEQ ID NO: 8 or active fragment thereof, and any combination thereof.

[071] In other aspects of this embodiment, a TeNT comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least 70%
amino acid identity with SEQ ID NO: 8, at least 75% amino acid identity with the SEQ ID NO: 8, at least 80% amino acid identity with SEQ ID NO: 8, at least 85% amino acid identity with SEQ ID NO: 8, at least 90% amino acid identity with SEQ ID NO: 8 or at least 95% amino acid identity with SEQ ID NO: 8. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a TeNT comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most 70% amino acid identity with SEQ ID NO: 8, at most 75% amino acid identity with the SEQ ID
NO: 8, at most 80% amino acid identity with SEQ ID NO: 8, at most 85% amino acid identity with SEQ ID
NO: 8, at most 90% amino acid identity with SEQ ID NO: 8 or at most 95% amino acid identity with SEQ ID
NO: 8.

[072] In other aspects of this embodiment, a TeNT comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100, 200 or 500 non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to SEQ ID NO: 8. In other aspects of this embodiment, a TeNT comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100, 200 or 500 non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to SEQ ID NO:
8. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a TeNT comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100, 200 or 500 non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to SEQ ID NO: 8. In other aspects of this embodiment, a TeNT comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100, 200 or 500 non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to SEQ ID NO: 8. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a TeNT comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100, 200 or 500 non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to SEQ ID NO: 8. In other aspects of this embodiment, a TeNT comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100, 200 or 500 non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to SEQ ID NO: 8.

[073] In other aspects of this embodiment, a TeNT comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100, 200 or 500 contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to SEQ ID NO: 8. In other aspects of this embodiment, a TeNT comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100, 200 or 500 contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to SEQ ID NO: 8.
In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a TeNT comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100, 200 or 500 contiguous amino acid deletions relative to SEQ
ID NO: 8. In other aspects of this embodiment, a TeNT comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100, 200 or 500 contiguous amino acid deletions relative to SEQ ID NO: 8. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a TeNT comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100, 200 or 500 contiguous amino acid additions relative to SEQ ID NO: 8. In other aspects of this embodiment, a TeNT comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100, 200 or 500 contiguous amino acid additions relative to SEQ ID NO:
8.

[074] In another embodiment, a Clostridial toxin comprises a BaNT. In an aspect of this embodiment, a BaNT comprises a BaNT enzymatic domain, a BaNT translocation domain and a BaNT
binding domain.
In another aspect of this embodiment, a BaNT comprises SEQ ID NO: 9. In another aspect of this embodiment, a BaNT comprises a naturally occurring BaNT variant, such as, e.g., a BaNT isoform or a BaNT subtype. In another aspect of this embodiment, a BaNT comprises a naturally occurring BaNT
variant of SEQ ID NO: 9, such as, e.g., a BaNT isoform of SEQ ID NO: 9 or a BaNT subtype of SEQ ID
NO: 9. In still another aspect of this embodiment, a BaNT comprises a non-naturally occurring BaNT
variant, such as, e.g., a conservative BaNT variant, a non-conservative BaNT
variant or an active BaNT
fragment, or any combination thereof. In still another aspect of this embodiment, a BaNT comprises a non-naturally occurring BaNT variant of SEQ ID NO: 9, such as, e.g., a conservative BaNT variant of SEQ ID NO: 9, a non-conservative BaNT variant of SEQ ID NO: 9 or an active BaNT fragment of SEQ ID
NO: 9, or any combination thereof. In yet another aspect of this embodiment, a BaNT comprises a BaNT
enzymatic domain or an active fragment thereof, a BaNT translocation domain or an active fragment thereof, a BaNT binding domain or an active fragment thereof, or any combination thereof. In yet another aspect of this embodiment, a BaNT comprising a BaNT enzymatic domain of amino acids 1-448 from SEQ ID NO: 9 or an active fragment thereof, a BaNT translocation domain of amino acids 449-871 from SEQ ID NO: 9 or an active fragment thereof, a BaNT binding domain of amino acids 872-1296 from SEQ
ID NO: 9 or an active fragment thereof, and any combination thereof.

[075] In other aspects of this embodiment, a BaNT comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least 70%
amino acid identity with SEQ ID NO: 9, at least 75% amino acid identity with the SEQ ID NO: 9, at least 80% amino acid identity with SEQ ID NO: 9, at least 85% amino acid identity with SEQ ID NO: 9, at least 90% amino acid identity with SEQ ID NO: 9 or at least 95% amino acid identity with SEQ ID NO: 9. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a BaNT comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most 70% amino acid identity with SEQ ID NO: 9, at most 75% amino acid identity with the SEQ ID
NO: 9, at most 80% amino acid identity with SEQ ID NO: 9, at most 85% amino acid identity with SEQ ID
NO: 9, at most 90% amino acid identity with SEQ ID NO: 9 or at most 95% amino acid identity with SEQ ID
NO: 9.

[076] In other aspects of this embodiment, a BaNT comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100, 200 or 500 non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to SEQ ID NO: 9. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BaNT comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100, 200 or 500 non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to SEQ ID NO:
9. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a BaNT comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100, 200 or 500 non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to SEQ ID NO: 9. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BaNT comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100, 200 or 500 non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to SEQ ID NO: 9. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a BaNT comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100, 200 or 500 non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to SEQ ID NO: 9. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BaNT comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100, 200 or 500 non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to SEQ ID NO: 9.

[077] In other aspects of this embodiment, a BaNT comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100, 200 or 500 contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to SEQ ID NO: 9. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BaNT comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100, 200 or 500 contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to SEQ ID NO: 9.
In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a BaNT comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100, 200 or 500 contiguous amino acid deletions relative to SEQ
ID NO: 9. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BaNT comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100, 200 or 500 contiguous amino acid deletions relative to SEQ ID NO: 9. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a BaNT comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100, 200 or 500 contiguous amino acid additions relative to SEQ ID NO: 9. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BaNT comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100, 200 or 500 contiguous amino acid additions relative to SEQ ID NO:
9.

[078] In another embodiment, a Clostridial toxin comprises a BuNT. In an aspect of this embodiment, a BuNT comprises a BuNT enzymatic domain, a BuNT translocation domain and a BuNT
binding domain.
In another aspect of this embodiment, a BuNT comprises SEQ ID NO: 10. In another aspect of this embodiment, a BuNT comprises a naturally occurring BuNT variant, such as, e.g., a BuNT isoform or a BuNT subtype. In another aspect of this embodiment, a BuNT comprises a naturally occurring BuNT
variant of SEQ ID NO: 10, such as, e.g., a BuNT isoform of SEQ ID NO: 10 or a BuNT subtype of SEQ ID
NO: 10. In still another aspect of this embodiment, a BuNT comprises a non-naturally occurring BuNT
variant, such as, e.g., a conservative BuNT variant, a non-conservative BuNT
variant or an active BuNT
fragment, or any combination thereof. In still another aspect of this embodiment, a BuNT comprises a non-naturally occurring BuNT variant of SEQ ID NO: 10, such as, e.g., a conservative BuNT variant of SEQ ID NO: 10, a non-conservative BuNT variant of SEQ ID NO: 10 or an active BuNT fragment of SEQ
ID NO: 10, or any combination thereof. In yet another aspect of this embodiment, a BuNT comprises a BuNT enzymatic domain or an active fragment thereof, a BuNT translocation domain or an active fragment thereof, a BuNT binding domain or an active fragment thereof, or any combination thereof. In yet another aspect of this embodiment, a BuNT comprising a BuNT enzymatic domain of amino acids 1-448 from SEQ ID NO: 10 or an active fragment thereof, a BuNT translocation domain of amino acids 449-871 from SEQ ID NO: 10 or an active fragment thereof, a BuNT binding domain of amino acids 872-1296 from SEQ ID NO: 10 or an active fragment thereof, and any combination thereof.

[079] In other aspects of this embodiment, a BuNT comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least 70%
amino acid identity with SEQ ID NO: 10, at least 75% amino acid identity with the SEQ ID NO: 10, at least 80% amino acid identity with SEQ ID NO: 10, at least 85% amino acid identity with SEQ ID NO: 10, at least 90% amino acid identity with SEQ ID NO: 10 or at least 95% amino acid identity with SEQ ID NO:
10. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a BuNT comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most 70%
amino acid identity with SEQ ID NO: 10, at most 75% amino acid identity with the SEQ ID NO: 10, at most 80% amino acid identity with SEQ ID NO: 10, at most 85% amino acid identity with SEQ ID NO: 10, at most 90% amino acid identity with SEQ ID NO: 10 or at most 95% amino acid identity with SEQ ID NO:
10.

[080] In other aspects of this embodiment, a BuNT comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100, 200 or 500 non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to SEQ ID NO: 10. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BuNT comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100, 200 or 500 non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to SEQ ID NO:
10. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a BuNT comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100, 200 or 500 non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to SEQ ID NO: 10. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BuNT comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100, 200 or 500 non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to SEQ ID NO: 10. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a BuNT comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100, 200 or 500 non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to SEQ ID NO: 10. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BuNT comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100, 200 or 500 non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to SEQ ID NO: 10.

[081] In other aspects of this embodiment, a BuNT comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100, 200 or 500 contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to SEQ ID NO: 10. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BuNT comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100, 200 or 500 contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to SEQ ID NO: 10.
In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a BuNT comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100, 200 or 500 contiguous amino acid deletions relative to SEQ
ID NO: 10. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BuNT comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100, 200 or 500 contiguous amino acid deletions relative to SEQ ID NO: 10. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a BuNT comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100, 200 or 500 contiguous amino acid additions relative to SEQ ID NO: 10. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BuNT comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100, 200 or 500 contiguous amino acid additions relative to SEQ ID NO:
10.

[082] Using this information it is possible to construct an expressible open nucleic acid reading frame for insertion into an expression vector and subsequent expression within a chosen host cell. Indeed, International Patent publication WO 01/14570 discloses methods of making single-chain, cleavable recombinant modified or unmodified Clostridial neurotoxin derivatives and chimeric and hybrid forms thereof using such methods. Additional publications disclosing methods of making expressible recombinant neurotoxins and derivatives thereof include U.S. Patents 5,989,545; 6,203,794; 6,395,513;
U.S. Publication Numbers U.S. 2003/0166238; U.S. 2002/169942; U.S.
2004/176299; U.S. 2004/126397;
U.S. 2005/035730; U.S. 2005/068494; U.S. 2006/011966; International Patent Applications W095/32738;
WO 99/55359; W096/33273; W098/07864; W099/17806; W098/07864; W002/44199;
W002/40506. All these publications are incorporated by reference herein in their entirety.

[083] The use of recombinant DNA techniques permits the construction of modified clostridial neurotoxins having different functional properties from the naturally occurring toxin subtypes and strains thereof. For example, altering the naturally occurring amino acid sequence of the native neurotoxin light chain and/or adding a different therapeutic moiety permits the construction of transport proteins designed to carry a therapeutic agent within a neuron. See U.S. Patent No. 6,203,794 (incorporated by reference herein). Altering the targeting (binding) domain permits the toxin to be transported within pancreatic cells, such as acinar cells, thereby preventing secretion of activated digestive enzymes by such cells, See U.S.
Patent No. 6,843,998 (hereby incorporated by reference herein), or sensory afferent neurons, thereby preventing neurotransmitter release and thus providing relief from pain; see U.S. Patent No. 6,395,513 (hereby incorporated by reference herein.) [084] In addition, the creation of chimeric neurotoxin derivatives comprising, for example, the binding domain and the translocation domain (or modified versions thereof) of one neurotoxin subtype for example, BoNT/A, and the light chain region of another neurotoxin subtype, for example, BoNT/E. It will be seen that given the general structural homology between the neurotoxin subtypes, any combination of the three basic clostridial neurotoxin domains, may be made in a single amino acid chain (or cleaved di-chain molecule). Thus, a binding region from any of neurotoxin BoNT/A, BoNT/B, BoNT/C1, BoNT/D, BoNT/E, BoNT/F, BoNT/G, TeNT, BaNT or BuNT may be independently combined with a translocation domain from BoNT/A, BoNT/B, BoNT/C1, BoNT/D, BoNT/E, BoNT/F, BoNT/G, TeNT, BaNT or BuNT, and further independently combined with a endopeptidase domain from BoNT/A, BoNT/B, BoNT/C1, BoNT/D, BoNT/E, BoNT/F, BoNT/G, TeNT, BaNT or BuNT.

[085] The therapeutic utility of a Clostridial toxin may be enhanced or altered by the inclusion of at least two cell binding domains. All such modified Clostridial toxins are referred to herein as "multivalent Clostridial toxin." Each binding domain of a multivalent Clostridial toxin may comprise any binding domain capable of binding under physiological conditions to a cell surface receptor capable of selectively binding to the ligand. Furthermore, each binding domain is capable of selectively binding to a receptor present on the surface of a target cell, or facilitating the entry of the multivalent Clostridial toxin into a target cell. In addition, at least one of said binding domains will bind selectively to the target cell and at least one of the binding domains will bind to a cell surface receptor capable of mediating the internalization of the multivalent Clostridial toxin within the target cell.
By adding, for example, multiple binding domains the binding constant (Kd) (which equals [toxin][target cell]/[toxin:target cell complex])of the multivalent Clostridial toxin will be increased over that of an unmodified toxin or monovalent toxin.

[086] Aspects of the present invention provide, in part, a binding domain. As used herein, the term "binding domain" is synonymous with "ligand" and means any molecule that can selectively interact with another molecule present on the surface of a cell and initiate the overall internalization mechanism whereby the multivalent Clostridial toxin disclosed in the present specification intoxicates a target cell.
Each of the two or more binding domains in a multivalent Clostridial neurotoxin may be, for example, a binding domain that facilitates stability, solubility and/or cell penetration.
At least one such binding domain is selective for a cell surface molecule of a target cell. In addition, at least one cell surface molecule to which a binding domain of a multivalent Clostridial neurotoxin binds is capable of being internalized by the target cell after binding. Preferably, at least one cell surface molecule to which a binding domain of a multivalent Clostridial neurotoxin selectively binds is capable of being internalized by the target cell after binding. As used herein, the term "selectively" means having a highly preferred activity or effect. As used herein, the term "selectively bind" or "selective binding" means a molecule is able to bind its target receptor under physiological conditions, or in vitro conditions substantially approximating physiological conditions, to a statistically significantly greater degree relative to other, non-target receptors. Thus, with reference to a binding domain or ligand of the present specification, there is a discriminatory binding of the binding domain to a cell surface receptor present on a cell. Thus, in an embodiment, a binding domain or ligand can selectively bind a cell surface receptor with a dissociation constant (Kd) of the ligand for target receptor by at least four fold, at least 10 fold, at least 50 fold, at least 100 fold, at least 1000, at least 100,000 fold the value of Kd of the ligand for other cell surface receptors.

[087] A binding domain disclosed in the present specification may facilitate the binding activity of a multivalent Clostridial toxin to a molecule located at the surface of a cell.
As used herein, the term "binding activity" means that one molecule is directly or indirectly contacting another molecule via at least one intermolecular or intramolecular force, including, without limitation, a covalent bond, an ionic bond, a metallic bond, a hydrogen bond, a hydrophobic interaction, a van der Waals interaction, and the like, or any combination thereof. "Bound" and "bind" are considered terms for binding.

[088] As used herein, the term "binding affinity" means how strong a binding domain's activity is for a particular cell surface molecule. In general, high binding affinity results from greater intermolecular force between a binding domain and its cell surface molecule while low binding affinity involves less intermolecular force between the ligand and its cell surface molecule. High binding affinity involves a longer residence time for the binding domain at its cell surface molecule binding site than is the case for low binding affinity. As such, a binding domain with a high binding affinity means a lower concentration of that binding domain is required to maximally occupy the binding sites of a cell surface molecule and trigger a physiological response. Conversely, low binding affinity means a relatively high concentration of a binding domain is required before the binding sites of a cell surface molecule is maximally occupied and the maximum physiological response is achieved. Thus, multivalent Clostridial toxins with increased binding activity due to high binding affinity will allow administration of reduced doses of the toxin, thereby reducing or preventing unwanted side-effects associated with toxin dispersal into non-targeted areas.

[089] As used herein, the term "binding specificity" means how specific a binding domain's activity is one particular cell surface molecule. In general, high binding specificity results in a more exclusive interaction with one particular cell surface molecule or subgroup of cell surface molecules while low binding specificity results in a more promiscuous interaction with a larger group of cell surface molecules.
As such, a binding domain with a high binding specificity means that binding domain will occupy the binding sites of a particular cell surface molecule and trigger a physiological response. Conversely, low binding specificity means a binding domain will occupy the binding sites of many cell surface molecules and trigger a multitude of physiological responses. Thus, multivalent Clostridial toxins with increased binding activity due to high binding specificity will only target cell surface molecules present on a subgroup of target cells, thereby reducing the side effects associated with the targeting of all target cells.

[090] As used herein, the term "cell surface molecule" means both a traditional receptor capable of binding a ligand and thereby causing a ligand-selective response (at e.g., the cell surface, the cytoplasm, or both), and a cell surface feature such as caveolae, membrane "patches", or lipid rafts, which appear to serve at least in part to gather together and locally concentrate at the cell surface specific receptors and bound ligand types for later processing such as endocytosis, often mediated by a cell surface receptor.

[091] Thus, in an embodiment, a multivalent Clostridial toxin can comprises a plurality of binding domains. In aspects of this embodiment, a multiivalent Clostridal toxion can comprise, e.g., at least two binding domains, at least three binding domains, at least four binding domains or at least five binding domains. In other aspects of this embodiment, a multiivalent Clostridal toxion can comprise, e.g., at most two binding domains, at most three binding domains, at most four binding domains or at most five binding domains. In other aspects of this embodiment, a multiivalent Clostridal toxion comprises, e.g., two binding domains, three binding domains, four binding domains or five binding domains.

[092] It is envisioned that any and all binding domains capable of binding a Clostridial toxin receptor present on a naturally-occurring Clostridial toxin target cell can be used to practice aspects of the present invention, including, without limitation, a Clostridial toxin binding domain, such as, e.g., a BoNT/A binding domain, a BoNT/B binding domain, a BoNT/C1 binding domain, a BoNT/D binding domain, a BoNT/E
binding domain, a BoNT/F binding domain, a BoNT/G binding domain, a TeNT
binding domain, a BaNT
binding domain, and a BuNT binding domain; a Clostridial non-toxin associated protein, such as, e.g., a BoNT/A HA-33, a BoNT/B HA-33, a BoNT/C1 HA-33, a BoNT/D HA-33, a BoNT/A HA-17, a BoNT/B HA-17, a BoNT/C1 HA-17, a BoNT/D HA-17, a BoNT/A NTNH, a BoNT/B NTNH, a BoNT/C1 NTNH, a BoNT/D NTNH, a BoNT/E NTNH, a BoNT/F NTNH and a BoNT/G NTNH; and a FGF, such as, e.g., a FGF-1, a FGF-2, a FGF-4, a FGF-8, a FGF-9, a FGF-17 and a FGF-18.

[093] It is envisioned that any and all binding domains capable of binding a non-Clostridial toxin receptor present on a naturally-occurring Clostridial toxin target cell can be used to practice aspects of the present invention, including, without limitation, polypeptides that selectively bind to a receptor present on a presynaptic membrane and polypeptides that selectively bind to a receptor present on a postsynaptic membrane. Polypeptides that appear to bind to a receptor present on a presynaptic membrane, include, without limitation, Glucagon like hormones, such as, e.g., secretin, Ghrelin (GHS), glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), glucagon-like peptide-2 (GLP-2), pituitary adenylate cyclase activating peptide (PACAP), glicentin, glicentin-related polypeptide (GRPP), oxyntomodulin (OXY), vasoactive intestinal peptide-1 (VIP-1), vasoactive intestinal peptide-2 (VIP-2), gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP), a galanin (Gal) or a calcitonin-related peptidesvisceral gut peptide;
neurohormones, such as, e.g., corticotropin-releasing hormone (CCRH) and parathyroid hormone (PTH);
neuroregulatory cytokines, such as, e.g., ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF), glycophorin-A (GPA), leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF), an interleukin (IL), onostatin M (OSM), cardiotrophin-1 (CT-1), cardiotrophin-like cytokine (CLC), neuroleukin (NL), VEGF, insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), insulin-like growth factor-2 (IGF-2) and epidermal growth factor (EGF); neurotrophins, such as, e.g., nerve growth factors (NGFs), brain-derived growth factors (BDNFs), neurotrophin-3s (NT-3s) and neurotrophin-4/5s (NT-4/5s); growth factors, such as, e.g., glial cell derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), neurturin (NRTN), persephrin (PSPN), artemin (ARTN);
transformation growth factor betas (TGF(3s), bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs), growth and differentiation factors (GDFs), activins; axon guidance signaling molecules, such as, e.g., netrins, semaphrorings and ephrins; sugar binding proteins, such as, e.g., serum amyloid P, (3-glucanase, sialidase, lectin, cryia, insecticidal delta-endotoxin, agglutinin, abrin and ricin; ligands that selectively bind neurexins, such as, e.g., ligands for neurexin-1a and neurexin-1(3; ligands for neurexin-2a and neurexin-2(3; and ligands for neurexin-3a and neurexin-3(3; and WNTs. Ligands that appear to bind to a receptor present on a postsynaptic membrane, include, without limitation, Ng-CAM(L1), NCAM, N-cadherin, Agrin-MUSK, basement membrane polypeptides, such as, e.g., laminin (3-2.

[094] It is envisioned that any and all binding domains capable of binding a non-Clostridial toxin receptor present on a non-Clostridial toxin target cell can be used to practice aspects of the present invention, including, without limitation, polypeptides that selectively bind to a receptor present on a sensory neuron, an autonomic neuron or a non-neuronal cell. Such binding domains include, without limitation, an opioid peptide, such as, e.g., an enkephalin, a bovine adrenomedullary-22 (BAM22) peptide, an endomorphin, an endorphin, a dynorphin, a nociceptin or a hemorphin; a melanocortin peptide, such as, e.g., an a-melanocyte stimulating hormones (a-MSH), a(3-melanocyte stimulating hormones ((3-MSH), a y-melanocyte stimulating hormones (y-MSH), an adrenocorticotropin (ACTH), a Corticotropin-like intermediary peptide (CLIP), a(3-lipotropin ((3-LPH) and a y-lipotropin (y-LPH); a galanin, such as, e.g., a galanin and a galanin message-associated peptide (GMAP); a granin, such as, e.g., a chromogranin A
peptide like a(3-granin, a vasostatin, a chromostatin, a pancreastatin, a WE-14, a catestatin, a parastatin and a GE-25, a chromogranin B (secretogranin I) peptide like a GAWK peptide, an adrenomedullary peptide and a secretolytin and a chromogranin C (secretogranin II) peptide like secretoneurin, EM66 and manserin; a tachykinin peptide, such as, e.g., Substance P, neuropeptide K
(NPK), neuropeptide gamma (NP gamma), neurokinin A (NKA; Substance K, neurokinin alpha, neuromedin L), neurokinin B (NKB), a hemokinin and a endokinin; a cholecystokinin peptide, such as, e.g., a cholecystokinin 58, a cholecystokinin 39, a cholecystokinin 33, a cholecystokinin 12 and a cholecystokinin 8; a Neuropeptide Y
related peptide, such as, e.g., a Neuropeptide Y (NPY), a Peptide YY (PYY), Pancreatic peptide (PP) and a Pancreatic icosapeptide (PIP); , a kinin peptide, such as, e.g., a bradykinin, a kallidan, a desArg9 bradykinin and a desArg'0 bradykinin; a protease activated receptor (PAR) peptide, such as, e.g., a PAR1 peptide, a PAR2 peptide, a PAR3 peptide and a PAR4 peptide; a corticotropin-releasing hormone; a thyrotropin-releasing hormone; a somatostatin; a leukemia inhibitor factor (LIF); and an interleukin-1 IL1).

[095] It is envisioned that any and all binding domains capable of facilitating the transport of the multivalent Clostridial toxin across a cell membrane of a target cell can be used to practice aspects of the present invention, including, without limitation, a translocator like a protein translocation domain (PTD), such as, e.g., a herpes simplex virus type 1 VP22 protein translocating sequence, a SV-40 virus large T
translocating sequence, a TAT translocating sequence, an adenovirus translocating sequence, a synthetic integrin binding domain translocating sequence, a Kaposi fibroblast growth factor membrane translocating sequence, a nuclear localization signal, a Transportan translocating sequence, a ciliary neurotrophic factor translocating sequence, a caveolin, an interleukin 1-(3 translocating sequence, a thioredoxin translocating sequence, a fibroblast growth factor-1 translocating sequence, a fibroblast growth factor-2 translocating sequence, an integrin (31 translocating sequence, an integrin (33 translocating sequence, a lactoferrin translocating sequence, a homeodomain translocating sequence, like, a penetratin translocating sequence, an Engrailed-1 translocating sequence, an Engrailed-2 translocating sequence, a Hoxa-5 translocating sequence, a Hoxb-4 translocating sequence, a Hoxc-8 translocating sequence [096] It is envisioned that any and all binding domains capable of binding to a cell surface molecule capable of facilitating the transport of a multivalent Clostridial toxin across a cell membrane of a target cell can be used to practice aspects of the present invention, including, without limitation, an antibody to a coated pit protein, such as, e.g., a clatherin antibody and an Adaptor Protein-2 (adaptin) antibody; an antibody to a caveolae-associated protein, such as, e.g., a caveolin-1 antibody and a GPI-linked receptor protein antibody.

[097] An example of a binding domain, includes, without limitation, a Clostridial toxin binding domain such, as, e.g., a BoNT/A binding domain, a BoNT/B binding domain, a BoNT/C1 binding domain, a BoNT/D binding domain, a BoNT/E binding domain, a BoNT/F binding domain, a BoNT/G binding domain, a TeNT binding domain, a BaNT binding domain and a BuNT binding domain [098] The three-dimensional crystal structures of BoNT/A, BoNT/B and the Hc domain of TeNT indicate that the carboxyl-terminal Hcc domain comprises a modified (3-trefoil domain which forms three distinct carbohydrate binding regions domains that resembles the carbohydrate binding moiety found in many sugar-binding proteins, such as, e.g., serum amyloid P, sialidase, cryia, insecticidal a-endotoxin and lectins (FIG. 3). Biochemical studies indicate that the (3-trefoil domain structure of the Hcc domain appears to mediate the binding to specific carbohydrate containing components of the Clostridial toxin receptor on the cell surface, see, e.g., Krzysztof Ginalski et al., Structure-based Sequence Alignment for the Beta-Trefoil Subdomain of the Clostridial Neurotoxin Family Provides Residue Level Information About the Putative Ganglioside Binding Site, 482(1-2) FEBS Lett. 119-124 (2000).

[099] Proteins containing the structural (3-trefoil domain represents a diverse group of proteins, see, e.g., C. A. Orengo et al., Protein Superfamilies and Domain Superfolds, 372 Nature 631-634 (1994). The (3-trefoil domain comprises a six-stranded (3-barrel closed off at one end by three (3-hairpin structures that exhibits a characteristic pseudo-threefold axis symmetry. The monomeric structural unit of this three-fold symmetry is referred to as the (3-trefoil fold that contains four (3-sheets organized as a pair of antiparallel (3-sheets. Dividing each of these (3-trefoil folds is a(3-hairpin turn.
Therefore, in a linear fashion, a(3-trefoil domain comprises four (3-sheets of the first (3-trefoil fold (a-fold), a(3-hairpin turn, four (3-sheets of the second (3-trefoil fold ((3-fold), a second (3-hairpin turn four (3-sheets of the third (3-trefoil fold (y-fold)(see FIG. 2). Because the first hairpin turn is located between the fourth and fifth (3-sheets of the (3-trefoil domain, it is designated the (34/(35 (3-hairpin turn. Likewise, since the second hairpin turn is located between the eight and ninth (3-sheets of the (3-trefoil domain, it is designated the (38/(39 (3-hairpin turn.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
~:>::>::>::>::>::>::>::>::>::>::>::>::>::>::>::>::>::>::>::>::>::>::>::>::>::>:
:>::>::>::>::>:
Table :~s:::: a~ dil:::E~[~l~i:~~T3S:::b :::1dStt it#i P: : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : .. :
: : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : :
: : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : :
: : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : :
: : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : :
:
':~s i4rririi~iz~Se': ~te :iori:::i~~:::~:a:t*bhY:ti:t ~
.:::::::::::::::::::::~~::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::.::::::::::::::::::::::
:::::: :::::::::
~ :::::::::::::.::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::
>:;.>:;::> :;.>:: >: >:>:>:>:>:
:: .:. ...
~:.ta1 d::>::::>::::>::::::>:::> .::f~ l~[
_1 r :~:n:: u:r~::
a:F : .~:n:::lun :: ::>::>::>
a~
~ l ~:
BoNT/A 1 1111-1162 1163-1178 1179-1223 1224-1236 1237-1296 BoNT/B 2 1098-1147 1148-1165 1166-1210 1211-1222 1223-1291 BoN T/C 1 3 1112-1150 1151-1166 1167-1218 1219-1229 1230-1291 BoNT/D 4 1099-1137 1138-1153 1154-1207 1208-1218 1219-1276 BoNT/E 5 1086-1129 1130-1146 1147-1190 1191-1198 1199-1252 BoNT/F 6 1106-1152 1153-1171 1172-1213 1214-1221 1222-1274 BoNT/G 7 1106-1153 1154-1172 1173-1218 1219-1230 1231-1297 TeNT 8 1128-1177 1178-1194 1195-1240 1241-1254 1255-1315 BaNT 9 1095-1142 1143-1161 1162-1207 1208-1215 1216-1268 BuNT 10 1086-1129 1130-1146 1147-1190 1191-1197 1198-1251 [0100] Continuing research has elucidated that (34/(35 and (38/(39 (3-hairpin turns are important in conferring the proper pseudo-threefold axis symmetry observed in the (3-trefoil domain. Additionally, this work has demonstrated that amino acid changes in these two (3-hairpin turns can increase the stability of the (3-trefoil domain, which in turn results in increased binding activity, see, e.g., Stephen R. Brych et al., Structure and Stability Effects of Mutations Designed to Increase the Primary Sequence Symmetry Within the Core Region of aP-trefoil, 10 Protein Sci. 2587-2599 (2001); Jaewon Kim et al., Alternative Type I
and 1' Turn Conformations in the P81P9 P-hairpin of Human Acidic Fibroblast Growth Factor, 11 Protein Sci. 459-466 (2002); Jaewon Kim et al., Sequence swapping Does Not Result in Conformation Swapping for the P41P5 and P81P9 P-hairpin Turns in Human Acidic Fibroblast Growth Factor, 14 Protein Sci. 351-359 (2005). As a non-limiting example, replacement of an amino acid comprising either the (34/(35 hairpin turn or (38/(39 (3-hairpin turn with a glycine results in increased stabilization of the (3-trefoil domain.
Therefore, replacement of amino acids located in the (34/(35 and (38/(39 (3-hairpin turns of the (3-trefoil domains present in the binding domain of Clostridial toxins will increase binding activity of such a modified Clostridial toxin by increasing the structural stability of the (3-trefoil domain. The amino acid sequences comprising the f3-trefoil domains found in various Clostridial toxins are shown in Table 2.

[0101] As is typical for proteins containing a(3-trefoil fold, the overall amino acid sequence identity of the Hcc domain between Clostridial toxins is low. However, key residues essential for binding activity have been identified by structural analysis and mutagenesis experiments, see, e.g., Krzysztof Ginalski et al., Structure-based Sequence Alignment for the Beta-Trefoil Subdomain of the Clostridial Neurotoxin Family Provides Residue Level Information About the Putative Ganglioside Binding Site, 482(1-2) FEBS Lett.
119-124 (2000). For example, analysis of the Hcc domain structure by crystallography identified five highly conserved residues critical for forming a shallow surface pocket of a carbohydrate binding moiety.
These polar residues make hydrogen bonds with the carbohydrate ring. In BoNT/A
these five polar residues are Glu 1203, Phe 1252, Ser 1264, Tyr 1267 and Gly 1279, while in TeNT, these residues are Asp 1222, Thr 1270, Ser 1287, Tyr 1290 and Gly 1300. Additionally, tyrosine residues forming the hydrophilic wall of this pocket were also important (Trp 1266 of BoNT/A and Trp 1289 of TeNT) and tryptophan fluorescence quenching experiments indicated that Trp 1266 of BoNT/A bound carbohydrate molecules. In another studies, photoaffinity labeling experiments revealed that Gln 1270 of BoNT/A and His 1293 of TeNT were also involved in binding carbohydrate molecules.
Mutagenesis experiments designed to assay loss-of-function binding activity mutations confirmed the importance of many of the residues described above for BoNT/A and TeNT and extended this analysis to BoNT/B (Glu 1190, Hls 1241, Typ 1262, Tyr 1263), see, e.g., Andreas Rummel et al., The Hcc-Domain of Botulinum Neurotoxins A and B Exhibits a Singular Ganglioside Binding Site Displaying Serotype Specific Carbohydrate Interaction, 51(3) Mol. Microbiol. 631-643 (2004).

[0102] As used herein, the term "Clostridial toxin binding domain" means any Clostridial toxin polypeptide that can execute the cell binding step of the intoxication process, including, e.g., the selective binding of the Clostridial toxin to a toxin-specific receptor located on the plasma membrane surface of a target cell. Non-limiting examples of a Clostridial toxin binding domain include, e.g., a Clostridial toxin Hc binding domain, such as, e.g., a BoNT/A Hc binding domain, a BoNT/B Hc binding domain, a BoNT/C1 Hc binding domain, a BoNT/D Hc binding domain, a BoNT/E Hc binding domain, a BoNT/F Hc binding domain, a BoNT/G Hc binding domain, a TeNT Hc binding domain, a BaNT Hc binding domain and a BuNT Hc binding domain. Other non-limiting examples of a Clostridial toxin Hcc binding domain, include a BoNT/A Hcc binding domain, a BoNT/B Hcc binding domain, a modified BoNT/C1 Hcc binding domain, a BoNT/D Hcc binding domain, a BoNT/E Hcc binding domain, a BoNT/F Hcc binding domain, a BoNT/G
Hcc binding domain, a TeNT Hcc binding domain, a BaNT Hcc binding domain and a BuNT Hcc binding domain.

[0103] A Clostridial toxin binding domain includes, without limitation, naturally occurring Clostridial toxin binding domain variants, such as, e.g., Clostridial toxin binding domain isoforms and Clostridial toxin binding domain subtypes; non-naturally occurring Clostridial toxin binding domain variants, such as, e.g., conservative Clostridial toxin binding domain variants, non-conservative Clostridial toxin binding domain variants, Clostridial toxin binding domain chimerics, active Clostridial toxin binding domain fragments thereof, or any combination thereof.

[0104] As used herein, the term "Clostridial toxin binding domain variant,"
whether naturally-occurring or non-naturally-occurring, means a Clostridial toxin binding domain that has at least one amino acid change from the corresponding region of the disclosed reference sequences (see Table 1) and can be described in percent identity to the corresponding region of that reference sequence.
Unless expressly indicated, all Clostridial toxin binding domain variants disclosed in the present specification are capable of executing the cell binding step of the intoxication process, including, e.g., the selective binding of the Clostridial toxin to a toxin-specific receptor located on the plasma membrane surface of a target cell.

[0105] As a non-limiting example, a BoNT/A Hc binding domain variant comprising amino acids 874-1296 of SEQ ID NO: 1 will have at least one amino acid difference, such as, e.g., an amino acid substitution, deletion or addition, as compared to the amino acid region 874-1296 of SEQ ID NO: 1; a BoNT/B Hc binding domain variant comprising amino acids 861-1291 of SEQ ID NO:
2 will have at least one amino acid difference, such as, e.g., an amino acid substitution, deletion or addition, as compared to the amino acid region 861-1291 of SEQ ID NO: 2; a BoNT/C1 Hc binding domain variant comprising amino acids 869-1291 of SEQ ID NO: 3 will have at least one amino acid difference, such as, e.g., an amino acid substitution, deletion or addition, as compared to the amino acid region 869-1291 of SEQ ID
NO: 3; a BoNT/D Hc binding domain variant comprising amino acids 865-1276 of SEQ ID NO: 4 will have at least one amino acid difference, such as, e.g., an amino acid substitution, deletion or addition, as compared to the amino acid region 865-1276 of SEQ ID NO: 4; a BoNT/E Hc binding domain variant comprising amino acids 848-1252 of SEQ ID NO: 5 will have at least one amino acid difference, such as, e.g., an amino acid substitution, deletion or addition, as compared to the amino acid region 848-1252 of SEQ ID NO: 5; a BoNT/F Hc binding domain variant comprising amino acids 867-1274 of SEQ ID NO: 6 will have at least one amino acid difference, such as, e.g., an amino acid substitution, deletion or addition, as compared to the amino acid region 867-1274 of SEQ ID NO: 6; a BoNT/G Hc binding domain variant comprising amino acids 866-1297 of SEQ ID NO: 7 will have at least one amino acid difference, such as, e.g., an amino acid substitution, deletion or addition, as compared to the amino acid region 866-1297 of SEQ ID NO: 7; a TeNT Hc binding domain variant comprising amino acids 882-1315 of SEQ ID NO: 8 will have at least one amino acid difference, such as, e.g., an amino acid substitution, deletion or addition, as compared to the amino acid region 882-1315 of SEQ ID NO: 8, a BaNT Hc binding domain variant comprising amino acids 858-1269 of SEQ ID NO: 9 will have at least one amino acid difference, such as, e.g., an amino acid substitution, deletion or addition, as compared to the amino acid region 858-1268 of SEQ ID NO: 9, and a BuNT Hc binding domain variant comprising amino acids 848-1251 of SEQ ID NO:
will have at least one amino acid difference, such as, e.g., an amino acid substitution, deletion or addition, as compared to the amino acid region 848-1251 of SEQ ID NO: 10.

[0106] As another non-limiting example, a BoNT/A Hcc binding domain comprising amino acids 1092-1296 of SEQ ID NO: 1 will have at least one amino acid difference, such as, e.g., an amino acid substitution, deletion or addition, as compared to the amino acid region 1092-1296 of SEQ ID NO: 1; a modified BoNT/B Hcc binding domain comprising amino acids 1079-1291 of SEQ ID
NO: 2 will have at least one amino acid difference, such as, e.g., an amino acid substitution, deletion or addition, as compared to the amino acid region 1079-1291 of SEQ ID NO: 2; a modified BoNT/C1 Hcc binding domain comprising amino acids 1093-1291 of SEQ ID NO: 3 will have at least one amino acid difference, such as, e.g., an amino acid substitution, deletion or addition, as compared to the amino acid region 1093-1291 of SEQ ID NO: 3; a modified BoNT/D Hcc binding domain comprising amino acids 1080-1276 of SEQ ID NO: 4 will have at least one amino acid difference, such as, e.g., an amino acid substitution, deletion or addition, as compared to the amino acid region 1080-1276 of SEQ ID
NO: 4; a modified BoNT/E Hcc binding domain comprising amino acids 1067-1252 of SEQ ID NO: 5 will have at least one amino acid difference, such as, e.g., an amino acid substitution, deletion or addition, as compared to the amino acid region 1067-1252 of SEQ ID NO: 5; a modified BoNT/F Hcc binding domain comprising amino acids 1087-1274 of SEQ ID NO: 6 will have at least one amino acid difference, such as, e.g., an amino acid substitution, deletion or addition, as compared to the amino acid region 1087-1274 of SEQ ID NO: 6;
a modified BoNT/G Hcc binding domain comprising amino acids 1087-1297 of SEQ
ID NO: 7 will have at least one amino acid difference, such as, e.g., an amino acid substitution, deletion or addition, as compared to the amino acid region 1087-1297 of SEQ ID NO: 7; a modified TeNT
Hcc binding domain comprising amino acids 1109-1315 of SEQ ID NO: 8 will have at least one amino acid difference, such as, e.g., an amino acid substitution, deletion or addition, as compared to the amino acid region 1109-1315 of SEQ ID NO: 8, a modified BaNT Hcc binding domain comprising amino acids 1095-1269 of SEQ
ID NO: 9 will have at least one amino acid difference, such as, e.g., an amino acid substitution, deletion or addition, as compared to the amino acid region 1095-1268 of SEQ ID NO: 9, and a modified BuNT Hcc binding domain comprising amino acids 1086-1251 of SEQ ID NO: 10 will have at least one amino acid difference, such as, e.g., an amino acid substitution, deletion or addition, as compared to the amino acid region 1086-1251 of SEQ ID NO: 10.

[0107] It is recognized by those of skill in the art that within each serotype of Clostridial toxin there can be naturally occurring Clostridial toxin binding domain variants that differ somewhat in their amino acid sequence, and also in the nucleic acids encoding these proteins. For example, there are presently four BoNT/A subtypes, BoNT/Al, BoNT/A2, BoNT/A3 and BoNT/A4, with specific binding domain subtypes showing approximately 87% amino acid identity when compared to another BoNT/A
binding domain subtype. As used herein, the term "naturally occurring Clostridial toxin binding domain variant" means any Clostridial toxin binding domain produced by a naturally-occurring process, including, without limitation, Clostridial toxin binding domain isoforms produced from alternatively-spliced transcripts, Clostridial toxin binding domain isoforms produced by spontaneous mutation and Clostridial toxin binding domain subtypes. A naturally occurring Clostridial toxin binding domain variant can function in substantially the same manner as the reference Clostridial toxin binding domain on which the naturally occurring Clostridial toxin binding domain variant is based, and can be substituted for the reference Clostridial toxin binding domain in any aspect of the present invention. A
naturally occurring Clostridial toxin binding domain variant may substitute one or more amino acids, two or more amino acids, three or more amino acids, four or more amino acids, five or more amino acids, ten or more amino acids, 20 or more amino acids, 30 or more amino acids, 40 or more amino acids, 50 or more amino acids or 100 or more amino acids from the reference Clostridial toxin binding domain on which the naturally occurring Clostridial toxin binding domain variant is based. A naturally occurring Clostridial toxin binding domain variant can also substitute at least 10 contiguous amino acids, at least 15 contiguous amino acids, at least 20 contiguous amino acids, or at least 25 contiguous amino acids from the reference Clostridial toxin binding domain on which the naturally occurring Clostridial toxin binding domain variant is based, that possess at least 50% amino acid identity, 65% amino acid identity, 75%
amino acid identity, 85%
amino acid identity or 95% amino acid identity to the reference Clostridial toxin binding domain on which the naturally occurring Clostridial toxin binding domain variant is based.

[0108] A non-limiting examples of a naturally occurring Clostridial toxin binding domain variant is a Clostridial toxin binding domain isoform such as, e.g., a BoNT/A binding domain isoform, a BoNT/B
binding domain isoform, a BoNT/C1 binding domain isoform, a BoNT/D binding domain isoform, a BoNT/E binding domain isoform, a BoNT/F binding domain isoform, a BoNT/G
binding domain isoform, a TeNT binding domain isoform, a BaNT binding domain isoform, and a BuNT binding domain isoform. A
Clostridial toxin binding domain isoform can function in substantially the same manner as the reference Clostridial toxin binding domain on which the Clostridial toxin binding domain isoform is based, and can be substituted for the reference Clostridial toxin binding domain in any aspect of the present invention.

[0109] Another non-limiting examples of a naturally occurring Clostridial toxin binding domain variant is a Clostridial toxin binding domain subtype such as, e.g., a binding domain from subtype BoNT/Al, BoNT/A2, BoNT/A3 and BoNT/A4; a binding domain from subtype BoNT/B1, BoNT/B2, BoNT/B bivalent and BoNT/B nonproteolytic; a binding domain from subtype BoNT/C1-1 and BoNT/C1-2; a binding domain from subtype BoNT/El, BoNT/E2 and BoNT/E3; and a binding domain from subtype BoNT/F1, BoNT/F2, BoNT/F3 and BoNT/F4. A Clostridial toxin binding domain subtype can function in substantially the same manner as the reference Clostridial toxin binding domain on which the Clostridial toxin binding domain subtype is based, and can be substituted for the reference Clostridial toxin binding domain in any aspect of the present invention.

[0110] As used herein, the term "non-naturally occurring Clostridial toxin binding domain variant" means any Clostridial toxin binding domain produced with the aid of human manipulation, including, without limitation, Clostridial toxin binding domains produced by genetic engineering using random mutagenesis or rational design and Clostridial toxin binding domains produced by chemical synthesis. Non-limiting examples of non-naturally occurring Clostridial toxin binding domain variants include, e.g., conservative Clostridial toxin binding domain variants, non-conservative Clostridial toxin binding domain variants, Clostridial toxin binding domain chimeric variants and active Clostridial toxin binding domain fragments.

[0111] As used herein, the term "conservative Clostridial toxin binding domain variant" means a Clostridial toxin binding domain that has at least one amino acid substituted by another amino acid or an amino acid analog that has at least one property similar to that of the original amino acid from the reference Clostridial toxin binding domain sequence (Table 1). Examples of properties include, without limitation, similar size, topography, charge, hydrophobicity, hydrophilicity, lipophilicity, covalent-bonding capacity, hydrogen-bonding capacity, a physicochemical property, of the like, or any combination thereof.
A conservative Clostridial toxin binding domain variant can function in substantially the same manner as the reference Clostridial toxin binding domain on which the conservative Clostridial toxin binding domain variant is based, and can be substituted for the reference Clostridial toxin binding domain in any aspect of the present invention. A conservative Clostridial toxin binding domain variant may substitute one or more amino acids, two or more amino acids, three or more amino acids, four or more amino acids, five or more amino acids, ten or more amino acids, 20 or more amino acids, 30 or more amino acids, 40 or more amino acids, 50 or more amino acids, 100 or more amino acids, 200 or more amino acids, 300 or more amino acids, 400 or more amino acids, or 500 or more amino acids from the reference Clostridial toxin binding domain on which the conservative Clostridial toxin binding domain variant is based. A
conservative Clostridial toxin binding domain variant can also substitute at least 10 contiguous amino acids, at least 15 contiguous amino acids, at least 20 contiguous amino acids, or at least 25 contiguous amino acids from the reference Clostridial toxin binding domain on which the conservative Clostridial toxin binding domain variant is based, that possess at least 50% amino acid identity, 65% amino acid identity, 75% amino acid identity, 85% amino acid identity or 95% amino acid identity to the reference Clostridial toxin binding domain on which the conservative Clostridial toxin binding domain variant is based. Non-limiting examples of a conservative Clostridial toxin binding domain variant include, e.g., conservative BoNT/A binding domain variants, conservative BoNT/B binding domain variants, conservative BoNT/C1 binding domain variants, conservative BoNT/D binding domain variants, conservative BoNT/E binding domain variants, conservative BoNT/F binding domain variants, conservative BoNT/G binding domain variants, conservative TeNT binding domain variants, conservative BaNT binding domain variants and conservative BuNT binding domain variants.

[0112] As used herein, the term "non-conservative Clostridial toxin binding domain variant" means a Clostridial toxin binding domain in which 1) at least one amino acid is deleted from the reference Clostridial toxin binding domain on which the non-conservative Clostridial toxin binding domain variant is based; 2) at least one amino acid added to the reference Clostridial toxin binding domain on which the non-conservative Clostridial toxin binding domain is based; or 3) at least one amino acid is substituted by another amino acid or an amino acid analog that does not share any property similar to that of the original amino acid from the reference Clostridial toxin binding domain sequence (Table 1). A non-conservative Clostridial toxin binding domain variant can function in substantially the same manner as the reference Clostridial toxin binding domain on which the non-conservative Clostridial toxin binding domain variant is based, and can be substituted for the reference Clostridial toxin binding domain in any aspect of the present invention. A non-conservative Clostridial toxin binding domain variant can delete one or more amino acids, two or more amino acids, three or more amino acids, four or more amino acids, five or more amino acids, and ten or more amino acids from the reference Clostridial toxin binding domain on which the non-conservative Clostridial toxin binding domain variant is based. A non-conservative Clostridial toxin binding domain variant can add one or more amino acids, two or more amino acids, three or more amino acids, four or more amino acids, five or more amino acids, and ten or more amino acids to the reference Clostridial toxin binding domain on which the non-conservative Clostridial toxin binding domain variant is based. A non-conservative Clostridial toxin binding domain variant may substitute one or more amino acids, two or more amino acids, three or more amino acids, four or more amino acids, five or more amino acids, ten or more amino acids, 20 or more amino acids, 30 or more amino acids, 40 or more amino acids, 50 or more amino acids, 100 or more amino acids, 200 or more amino acids, 300 or more amino acids, 400 or more amino acids, or 500 or more amino acids from the reference Clostridial toxin binding domain on which the non-conservative Clostridial toxin binding domain variant is based. A non-conservative Clostridial toxin binding domain variant can also substitute at least 10 contiguous amino acids, at least 15 contiguous amino acids, at least 20 contiguous amino acids, or at least 25 contiguous amino acids from the reference Clostridial toxin binding domain on which the non-conservative Clostridial toxin binding domain variant is based, that possess at least 50% amino acid identity, 65% amino acid identity, 75% amino acid identity, 85% amino acid identity or 95% amino acid identity to the reference Clostridial toxin binding domain on which the non-conservative Clostridial toxin binding domain variant is based. Non-limiting examples of a non-conservative Clostridial toxin binding domain variant include, e.g., non-conservative BoNT/A binding domain variants, non-conservative BoNT/B
binding domain variants, non-conservative BoNT/C1 binding domain variants, non-conservative BoNT/D
binding domain variants, non-conservative BoNT/E binding domain variants, non-conservative BoNT/F
binding domain variants, non-conservative BoNT/G binding domain variants, non-conservative TeNT binding domain variants, non-conservative BaNT binding domain variants and non-conservative BuNT binding domain variants.

[0113] As used herein, the term "Clostridial toxin binding domain chimeric"
means a polypeptide comprising at least a portion of a Clostridial toxin binding domain and at least a portion of at least one other polypeptide to form a toxin binding domain with at least one property different from the reference Clostridial toxin binding domains of Table 1, with the proviso that this Clostridial toxin binding domain chimeric is still capable of executing the cell binding step of the intoxication process, including, e.g., the selective binding of the Clostridial toxin to a toxin-specific receptor located on the plasma membrane surface of a target cell.

[0114] As used herein, the term "active Clostridial toxin binding domain fragment" means any of a variety of Clostridial toxin fragments comprising the binding domain can be useful in aspects of the present invention with the proviso that these active fragments can execute the cell binding step of the intoxication process, including, e.g., the selective binding of the Clostridial toxin to a toxin-specific receptor located on the plasma membrane surface of a target cell. For example, the Hc binding domains from the heavy chains of Clostridial toxins are approximately 400-435 amino acids in length and comprise a translocation domain (Table 1). Research has shown that the entire length of a binding domain from a Clostridial toxin heavy chain is not necessary for the translocating activity of the translocation domain. Thus, aspects of this embodiment can include Clostridial toxin binding domains comprising a translocation domain having a length of, e.g., at least 350 amino acids, at least 375 amino acids, at least 400 amino acids and at least 425 amino acids. Other aspects of this embodiment can include Clostridial toxin binding domains comprising translocation domain having a length of, e.g., at most 350 amino acids, at most 375 amino acids, at most 400 amino acids and at most 425 amino acids. As another example, the Hcc binding domain from the heavy chains of Clostridial toxins are approximately 165-195 amino acids in length and comprise a binding domain (Table 1). Research has shown that the entire length of a Hcc binding domain from a Clostridial toxin heavy chain is not necessary for the binding activity of the binding domain.
Thus, aspects of this embodiment can include a Clostridial toxin Hcc binding domain comprising a binding domain having a length of, e.g., at least 150 amino acids, at least 175 amino acids, at least 200 amino acids and at least 225 amino acids. Other aspects of this embodiment can include a Clostridial toxin Hcc binding domain comprising a binding domain having a length of, e.g., at most 150 amino acids, at most 175 amino acids, at most 200 amino acids and at most 225 amino acids.

[0115] Any of a variety of sequence alignment methods can be used to determine percent identity of naturally-occurring Clostridial toxin binding domain variants and non-naturally-occurring Clostridial toxin binding domain variants, including, without limitation, global methods, local methods and hybrid methods, such as, e.g., segment approach methods. Protocols to determine percent identity are routine procedures within the scope of one skilled in the art and from the teaching herein.

[0116] Thus, in an embodiment, a multivalent Clostridial toxin disclosed in the present specification comprises a Clostridial toxin binding domain. In an aspect of this embodiment, a Clostridial toxin binding domain comprises a naturally occurring Clostridial toxin binding domain variant, such as, e.g., a Clostridial toxin binding domain isoform or a Clostridial toxin binding domain subtype. In another aspect of this embodiment, a Clostridial toxin binding domain comprises a non-naturally occurring Clostridial toxin binding domain variant, such as, e.g., a conservative Clostridial toxin binding domain variant, a non-conservative Clostridial toxin binding domain variant, a Clostridial toxin chimeric binding domain, an active Clostridial toxin binding domain fragment, or any combination thereof.

[0117] In an embodiment, a binding domain comprises a BoNT/A binding domain.
In an aspect of this embodiment, a BoNT/A binding domain comprises a BoNT/A Hc binding domain. In aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/A binding domain comprising BoNT/A Hc binding domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 874-1296 of SEQ ID NO: 1, at least 75%
amino acid identity with amino acids 874-1296 of SEQ ID NO: 1, at least 80%
amino acid identity with amino acids 874-1296 of SEQ ID NO: 1, at least 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 874-1296 of SEQ ID NO: 1, at least 90% amino acid identity with amino acids 874-1296 of SEQ ID NO: 1 or at least 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 874-1296 of SEQ ID NO: 1. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/A binding domain comprising a BoNT/A Hc binding domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 874-1296 of SEQ ID NO: 1, at most 75% amino acid identity with amino acids 874-1296 of SEQ ID NO: 1, at most 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 874-1296 of SEQ ID NO: 1, at most 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 874-1296 of SEQ ID NO: 1, at most 90% amino acid identity with amino acids 874-1296 of SEQ ID NO: 1 or at most 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 874-1296 of SEQ ID NO: 1.

[0118] In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/A binding domain comprising a BoNT/A Hc binding domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100, or 200 non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 874-1296 of SEQ ID NO: 1. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/A binding domain comprising a BoNT/A
Hc binding domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100 or 200 non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 874-1296 of SEQ ID NO: 1. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/A binding domain comprising a BoNT/A Hc binding domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100 or 200 non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 874-1296 of SEQ ID NO: 1. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/A
binding domain comprising a BoNT/A Hc binding domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100 or 200 non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 874-1296 of SEQ ID NO: 1. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/A binding domain comprising a BoNT/A Hc binding domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100 or 200 non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 874-1296 of SEQ ID NO: 1. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/A binding domain comprising a BoNT/A Hc binding domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100 or 200 non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 874-1296 of SEQ ID
NO: 1.

[0119] In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/A binding domain comprising a BoNT/A Hc binding domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100 or 200 contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 874-1296 of SEQ ID NO: 1. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/A binding domain comprising a BoNT/A Hc binding domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100 or 200 contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 874-1296 of SEQ ID NO: 1. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/A binding domain comprising a BoNT/A Hc binding domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100 or 200 contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 874-1296 of SEQ ID NO: 1. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/A
binding domain comprising a BoNT/A Hc binding domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100 or 200 contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 874-1296 of SEQ ID NO: 1. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/A
binding domain comprising a BoNT/A Hc binding domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100 or 200 contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 874-1296 of SEQ ID NO: 1. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/A binding domain comprising a BoNT/A Hc binding domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100 or 200 contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 874-1296 of SEQ ID NO: 1.

[0120] In another aspect of this embodiment, a BoNT/A binding domain comprises a BoNT/A Hcc binding domain. In aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/A binding domain comprising a BoNT/A Hcc binding domain comprises a modification of amino acids 1111-1296 of SEQ ID NO:
1. In another aspect of this embodiment, a BoNT/A binding domain comprising a BoNT/A Hcc binding domain comprises a a-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/A Hcc binding domain, a(3-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/A Hcc binding domain, or a y-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/A
Hcc binding domain. In another aspect of this embodiment, a BoNT/A binding domain comprising a BoNT/A
Hcc binding domain comprises a modification to amino acids 1111-1162, amino acids 1179-1223, or amino acids 1237-1296 of SEQ ID NO: 1.

[0121] In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/A Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 1111-1162, amino acids 1179-1223, or amino acids 1237-1296 of SEQ ID NO: 1, at least 75% amino acid identity with amino acids 1111-1162, amino acids 1179-1223, or amino acids 1237-1296 of SEQ ID NO:
1, at least 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 1111-1162, amino acids 1179-1223, or amino acids 1237-1296 of SEQ ID NO: 1, at least 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 1111-1162, amino acids 1179-1223, or amino acids 1237-1296 of SEQ ID NO: 1, at least 90% amino acid identity with amino acids 1111-1162, amino acids 1179-1223, or amino acids 1237-1296 of SEQ ID NO:
1 or at least 95%
amino acid identity with amino acids 1111-1162, amino acids 1179-1223, or amino acids 1237-1296 of SEQ ID NO: 1. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/A Hcc binding domain comprising a 11-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 1111-1162, amino acids 1179-1223, or amino acids 1237-1296 of SEQ ID NO:
1, at most 75%
amino acid identity with amino acids 1111-1162, amino acids 1179-1223, or amino acids 1237-1296 of SEQ ID NO: 1, at most 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 1111-1162, amino acids 1179-1223, or amino acids 1237-1296 of SEQ ID NO: 1, at most 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 1111-1162, amino acids 1179-1223, or amino acids 1237-1296 of SEQ ID NO: 1, at most 90%
amino acid identity with amino acids 1111-1162, amino acids 1179-1223, or amino acids 1237-1296 of SEQ ID NO: 1 or at most 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 1111-1162, amino acids 1179-1223, or amino acids 1237-1296 of SEQ ID NO: 1.

[0122] In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/A Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, or 20 non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 1111-1162, amino acids 1179-1223, or amino acids 1237-1296 of SEQ ID NO: 1. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/A Hcc binding domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 1111-1162, amino acids 1179-1223, or amino acids 1237-1296 of SEQ ID NO: 1. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/A Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 1111-1162, amino acids 1179-1223, or amino acids 1237-1296 of SEQ ID NO: 1.

In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/A Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 1111-1162, amino acids 1179-1223, or amino acids 1237-1296 of SEQ ID NO: 1. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/A Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 1111-1162, amino acids 1179-1223, or amino acids 1237-1296 of SEQ ID NO:
1. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/A Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 1111-1162, amino acids 1179-1223, or amino acids 1237-1296 of SEQ ID NO: 1.

[0123] In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/A Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, or 20 contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 1111-1162, amino acids 1179-1223, or amino acids 1237-1296 of SEQ ID NO: 1. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/A Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 1111-1162, amino acids 1179-1223, or amino acids 1237-1296 of SEQ ID NO: 1. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/A Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 1111-1162, amino acids 1179-1223, or amino acids 1237-1296 of SEQ ID NO: 1. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/A Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 1111-1162, amino acids 1179-1223, or amino acids 1237-1296 of SEQ ID NO: 1. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/A Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 1111-1162, amino acids 1179-1223, or amino acids 1237-1296 of SEQ ID NO: 1. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/A Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 1111-1162, amino acids 1179-1223, or amino acids 1237-1296 of SEQ ID NO: 1.

[0124] In another embodiment, a BoNT/A binding domain comprising a BoNT/A Hcc binding domain comprises a(34/(35 hairpin turn of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/A Hcc binding domain or a(38/(39 hairpin turn of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/A Hcc binding domain. In another aspect of this embodiment, a BoNT/A binding domain comprising a BoNT/A Hcc binding domain comprises a modification of amino acids 1163-1178 or amino acids 1224-1236 of SEQ ID NO: 1.

[0125] In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/A Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 1163-1178 or amino acids 1224-1236 of SEQ ID NO: 1, at least 75% amino acid identity with amino acids 1163-1178 or amino acids 1224-1236 of SEQ ID NO: 1, at least 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 1163-1178 or amino acids 1224-1236 of SEQ ID NO: 1, at least 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 1163-1178 or amino acids 1224-1236 of SEQ ID NO: 1, at least 90% amino acid identity with amino acids 1163-1178 or amino acids 1224-1236 of SEQ ID NO: 1 or at least 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 1163-1178 or amino acids 1224-1236 of SEQ ID NO: 1. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/A Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 1163-1178 or amino acids 1224-1236 of SEQ ID NO: 1, at most 75% amino acid identity with amino acids 1163-1178 or amino acids 1224-1236 of SEQ ID NO: 1, at most 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 1163-1178 or amino acids 1224-1236 of SEQ ID NO: 1, at most 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 1163-1178 or amino acids 1224-1236 of SEQ ID NO: 1, at most 90% amino acid identity with amino acids 1163-1178 or amino acids 1224-1236 of SEQ ID NO: 1 or at most 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 1163-1178 or amino acids 1224-1236 of SEQ ID NO: 1.

[0126] In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/A Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine or non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 1163-1178 or amino acids 1224-1236 of SEQ ID NO: 1. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/A Hcc binding domain comprising a 11-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine or 10 non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 1163-1178 or amino acids 1224-1236 of SEQ ID NO: 1. In other aspects of this embodiment, a non-contiguous amino acid substitution of any amino acid from amino acids 1163-1178 or amino acids 1224-1236 of SEQ ID NO: 1 can be replaced with glycine. In other aspects of this embodiment, a non-contiguous amino acid substitution of any hydrophobic amino acid from amino acids 1163-1178 or amino acids 1224-1236 of SEQ ID NO: 1 can be replaced with phenylalanine. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/A
Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine or 10 non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 1163-1178 or amino acids 1224-1236 of SEQ ID NO: 1. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/A Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine or 10 non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 1163-1178 or amino acids 1224-1236 of SEQ ID NO: 1. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/A Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine or 10 non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 1163-1178 or amino acids 1224-1236 of SEQ ID
NO: 1. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/A Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine or 10 non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 1163-1178 or amino acids 1224-1236 of SEQ ID NO: 1.

[0127] In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/A Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine or contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 1163-1178 or amino acids 1224-1236 of SEQ ID NO: 1. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/A Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine or 10 contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 1163-1178 or amino acids 1224-1236 of SEQ ID NO: 1. In other aspects of this embodiment, contiguous amino acid substitutions of amino acids from amino acids 1163-1178 or amino acids 1224-1236 of SEQ ID NO:
1 can be replaced with glycine. In other aspects of this embodiment, contiguous amino acid substitutions of hydrophobic amino acids from amino acids 1163-1178 or amino acids 1224-1236 of SEQ ID NO:
1 can be replaced with phenylalanine. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/A Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine or 10 contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 1163-1178 or amino acids 1224-1236 of SEQ ID NO: 1. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/A Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine or 10 contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 1163-1178 or amino acids 1224-1236 of SEQ ID NO: 1. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/A Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine or 10 contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 1163-1178 or amino acids 1224-1236 of SEQ ID NO: 1. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/A
Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine or 10 contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 1163-1178 or amino acids 1224-1236 of SEQ ID NO: 1.

[0128] In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/A Hcc binding domain comprises a substitution of amino acid Trp 1101, Gly 1102, Leu 1105, Tyr 1111, Tyr 1112, Gly 1158, Ile 1163, Asp 1179, Glu 1203, Phe 1252, Ser 1264, Trp 1266, Tyr 1267, Gln 1270, Gly 1279 or Trp 1282, or any combination thereof, the substitution enhancing the binding activity of the BoNT/A Hcc binding domain. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/A Hcc binding domain comprises a deletion of amino acid Trp 1101, Gly 1102, Leu 1105, Tyr 1111, Tyr 1112, Gly 1158, Ile 1163, Asp 1179, Glu 1203, Phe 1252, Ser 1264, Trp 1266, Tyr 1267, Gln 1270, Gly 1279 or Trp 1282, or any combination thereof, the deletion enhancing the binding activity of the BoNT/A Hcc binding domain.

[0129] In another embodiment, a binding domain comprises a BoNT/B binding domain. In an aspect of this embodiment, a BoNT/B binding domain comprises a BoNT/B Hc binding domain.
In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/B binding domain comprising a BoNT/B Hc binding domain comprises a polypeptide, e.g., at least 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 861-1291 of SEQ ID NO: 2, at least 75% amino acid identity with amino acids 861-1291 of SEQ ID NO: 2, at least 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 861-1291 of SEQ ID NO: 2, at least 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 861-1291 of SEQ ID NO: 2, at least 90% amino acid identity with amino acids 861-1291 of SEQ ID NO: 2 or at least 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 861-1291 of SEQ ID NO: 2. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/B binding domain comprising a BoNT/B Hc binding domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 861-1291 of SEQ ID NO: 2, at most 75% amino acid identity with amino acids 861-1291 of SEQ ID NO: 2, at most 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 861-1291 of SEQ ID NO: 2, at most 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 861-1291 of SEQ ID NO: 2, at most 90% amino acid identity with amino acids 861-1291 of SEQ ID NO: 2 or at most 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 861-1291 of SEQ ID NO: 2.

[0130] In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/B binding domain comprising a BoNT/B Hc binding domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100, or 200 non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 861-1291 of SEQ ID NO: 2. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/B binding domain comprising a BoNT/B
Hc binding domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100 or 200 non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 861-1291 of SEQ ID NO: 2. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/B binding domain comprising a BoNT/B Hc binding domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100 or 200 non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 861-1291 of SEQ ID NO: 2. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/B
binding domain comprising a BoNT/B Hc binding domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100 or 200 non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 861-1291 of SEQ ID NO: 2. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/B binding domain comprising a BoNT/B Hc binding domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100 or 200 non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 861-1291 of SEQ ID NO: 2. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/B Hc binding domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100 or 200 non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 861-1291 of SEQ ID NO: 2.

[0131] In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/B binding domain comprising a BoNT/B Hc binding domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100 or 200 contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 861-1291 of SEQ ID NO: 2. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/B binding domain comprising a BoNT/B Hc binding domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100 or 200 contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 861-1291 of SEQ ID NO: 2. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/B binding domain comprising a BoNT/B Hc binding domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100 or 200 contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 861-1291 of SEQ ID NO: 2. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/B
binding domain comprising a BoNT/B Hc binding domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100 or 200 contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 861-1291 of SEQ ID NO: 2. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/B
binding domain comprising a BoNT/B Hc binding domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100 or 200 contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 861-1291 of SEQ ID NO: 2. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/B binding domain comprising a BoNT/B Hc binding domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100 or 200 contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 861-1291 of SEQ ID NO: 2.

[0132] In another aspect of this embodiment, a BoNT/B binding domain comprises a BoNT/B Hcc binding domain. In another aspect of this embodiment, a BoNT/B binding domain comprising a BoNT/B
Hcc binding domain comprises an a-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/B
Hcc binding domain, a(3-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/B Hcc binding domain, or a y-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/B Hcc binding domain. In another aspect of this embodiment, a BoNT/B
binding domain comprising a BoNT/B Hcc binding domain comprises a modification to amino acids 1098-1147, amino acids 1166-1210, or amino acids 1223-1291 of SEQ ID NO: 2.

[0133] In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/B Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 1098-1147, amino acids 1166-1210, or amino acids 1223-1291 of SEQ ID NO: 2, at least 75% amino acid identity with amino acids 1098-1147, amino acids 1166-1210, or amino acids 1223-1291 of SEQ ID NO:
2, at least 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 1098-1147, amino acids 1166-1210, or amino acids 1223-1291 of SEQ ID NO: 2, at least 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 1098-1147, amino acids 1166-1210, or amino acids 1223-1291 of SEQ ID NO: 2, at least 90% amino acid identity with amino acids 1098-1147, amino acids 1166-1210, or amino acids 1223-1291 of SEQ ID NO:
2 or at least 95%
amino acid identity with amino acids 1098-1147, amino acids 1166-1210, or amino acids 1223-1291 of SEQ ID NO: 2. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/B Hcc binding domain comprising a 11-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 1098-1147, amino acids 1166-1210, or amino acids 1223-1291 of SEQ ID NO:
2, at most 75%
amino acid identity with amino acids 1098-1147, amino acids 1166-1210, or amino acids 1223-1291 of SEQ ID NO: 2, at most 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 1098-1147, amino acids 1166-1210, or amino acids 1223-1291 of SEQ ID NO: 2, at most 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 1098-1147, amino acids 1166-1210, or amino acids 1223-1291 of SEQ ID NO: 2, at most 90%
amino acid identity with amino acids 1098-1147, amino acids 1166-1210, or amino acids 1223-1291 of SEQ ID NO: 2 or at most 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 1098-1147, amino acids 1166-1210, or amino acids 1223-1291 of SEQ ID NO: 2.

[0134] In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/B Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, or 20 non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 1098-1147, amino acids 1166-1210, or amino acids 1223-1291 of SEQ ID NO: 2. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/B Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 1098-1147, amino acids 1166-1210, or amino acids 1223-1291 of SEQ
ID NO: 2. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/B Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 1098-1147, amino acids 1166-1210, or amino acids 1223-1291 of SEQ ID NO: 2. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/B Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 1098-1147, amino acids 1166-1210, or amino acids 1223-1291 of SEQ ID NO: 2. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/B Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 1098-1147, amino acids 1166-1210, or amino acids 1223-1291 of SEQ ID NO: 2. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/B
Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 1098-1147, amino acids 1166-1210, or amino acids 1223-1291 of SEQ ID NO: 2.

[0135] In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/B Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, or 20 contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 1098-1147, amino acids 1166-1210, or amino acids 1223-1291 of SEQ ID NO: 2. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/B Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 1098-1147, amino acids 1166-1210, or amino acids 1223-1291 of SEQ ID NO: 2. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/B Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 1098-1147, amino acids 1166-1210, or amino acids 1223-1291 of SEQ ID NO: 2. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/B Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 1098-1147, amino acids 1166-1210, or amino acids 1223-1291 of SEQ ID NO: 2. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/B Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 1098-1147, amino acids 1166-1210, or amino acids 1223-1291 of SEQ ID NO: 2. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/B Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 1098-1147, amino acids 1166-1210, or amino acids 1223-1291 of SEQ ID NO: 2.

[0136] In another embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/B Hcc binding domain comprises a (34/(35 hairpin turn of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/B Hcc binding domain or a(38/(39 hairpin turn of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/B Hcc binding domain. In another aspect of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/B Hcc binding domain comprises a modification of amino acids 1148-1165 or amino acids 1211-1222 of SEQ ID NO: 2.

[0137] In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/B Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 1148-1165 or amino acids 1211-1222 of SEQ ID NO: 2, at least 75% amino acid identity with amino acids 1148-1165 or amino acids 1211-1222 of SEQ ID NO: 2, at least 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 1148-1165 or amino acids 1211-1222 of SEQ ID NO: 2, at least 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 1148-1165 or amino acids 1211-1222 of SEQ ID NO: 2, at least 90% amino acid identity with amino acids 1148-1165 or amino acids 1211-1222 of SEQ ID NO: 2 or at least 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 1148-1165 or amino acids 1211-1222 of SEQ ID NO: 2. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/B Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 1148-1165 or amino acids 1211-1222 of SEQ ID NO: 2, at most 75% amino acid identity with amino acids 1148-1165 or amino acids 1211-1222 of SEQ ID NO: 2, at most 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 1148-1165 or amino acids 1211-1222 of SEQ ID NO: 2, at most 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 1148-1165 or amino acids 1211-1222 of SEQ ID NO: 2, at most 90% amino acid identity with amino acids 1148-1165 or amino acids 1211-1222 of SEQ ID NO: 2 or at most 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 1148-1165 or amino acids 1211-1222 of SEQ ID NO: 2.

[0138] In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/B Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine or non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 1148-1165 or amino acids 1211-1222 of SEQ ID NO: 2. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/B Hcc binding domain comprising a 11-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine or 10 non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 1148-1165 or amino acids 1211-1222 of SEQ ID NO: 2. In other aspects of this embodiment, a non-contiguous amino acid substitution of any amino acid from amino acids 1148-1165 or amino acids 1211-1222 of SEQ ID NO: 2 can be replaced with glycine. In other aspects of this embodiment, a non-contiguous amino acid substitution of any hydrophobic amino acid from amino acids 1148-1165 or amino acids 1211-1222 of SEQ ID NO: 2 can be replaced with phenylalanine. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/B
Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine or 10 non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 1148-1165 or amino acids 1211-1222 of SEQ ID NO: 2. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/B Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine or 10 non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 1148-1165 or amino acids 1211-1222 of SEQ ID NO: 2. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/B Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine or 10 non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 1148-1165 or amino acids 1211-1222 of SEQ ID
NO: 2. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/B Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine or 10 non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 1148-1165 or amino acids 1211-1222 of SEQ ID NO: 2.

[0139] In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/B Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine or contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 1148-1165 or amino acids 1211-1222 of SEQ ID NO: 2. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/B Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine or 10 contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 1148-1165 or amino acids 1211-1222 of SEQ ID NO: 2. In other aspects of this embodiment, contiguous amino acid substitutions of amino acids from amino acids 1148-1165 or amino acids 1211-1222 of SEQ ID NO:
2 can be replaced with glycine. In other aspects of this embodiment, contiguous amino acid substitutions of hydrophobic amino acids from amino acids 1148-1165 or amino acids 1211-1222 of SEQ ID NO:
2 can be replaced with phenylalanine. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/B Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine or 10 contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 1148-1165 or amino acids 1211-1222 of SEQ ID NO: 2. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/B Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine or 10 contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 1148-1165 or amino acids 1211-1222 of SEQ ID NO: 2. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/B Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine or 10 contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 1148-1165 or amino acids 1211-1222 of SEQ ID NO: 2. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/B
Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine or 10 contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 1148-1165 or amino acids 1211-1222 of SEQ ID NO: 2.

[0140] In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/B Hcc binding domain comprises a substitution of amino acid Trp 1088, Gly 1089, Leu 1092, Tyr 1098, Tyr 1099, Gly 1142, Ile 1147, Asp 1165, Glu 1191, Ile 1240, Ser 1260, Trp 1262, Tyr 1263, Glu 1266, Gly 1277 or Trp 1280, or any combination thereof, the substitution enhancing the binding capability of the BoNT/B Hcc binding domain. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/B Hcc binding domain comprises a deletion of amino acid Trp 1088, Gly 1089, Leu 1092, Tyr 1098, Tyr 1099, Gly 1142, Ile 1147, Asp 1165, Glu 1191, Ile 1240, Ser 1260, Trp 1262, Tyr 1263, Glu 1266, Gly 1277 or Trp 1280, or any combination thereof, the deletion enhancing the binding capability of the BoNT/B Hcc binding domain.

[0141] In another embodiment, a binding domain comprises a BoNT/C1 binding domain. In an aspect of this embodiment, a BoNT/C1 binding domain comprises a BoNT/C1 Hc binding domain. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/C1 binding domain comprising a BoNT/C1 Hc binding domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 869-1291 of SEQ ID NO: 3, at least 75% amino acid identity with amino acids 869-1291 of SEQ ID NO: 3, at least 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 869-1291 of SEQ ID NO: 3, at least 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 869-1291 of SEQ ID NO: 3, at least 90% amino acid identity with amino acids 869-1291 of SEQ ID NO: 3 or at least 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 869-1291 of SEQ ID NO: 3.
In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/C1 binding domain comprising a BoNT/C1 Hc binding domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 869-1291 of SEQ ID NO: 3, at most 75% amino acid identity with amino acids 869-1291 of SEQ ID NO: 3, at most 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 869-1291 of SEQ ID NO: 3, at most 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 869-1291 of SEQ ID NO: 3, at most 90% amino acid identity with amino acids 869-1291 of SEQ ID NO: 3 or at most 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 869-1291 of SEQ ID NO: 3.

[0142] In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/C1 binding domain comprising a BoNT/C1 Hc binding domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100, or 200 non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 869-1291 of SEQ ID NO: 3. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/C1 binding domain comprising a BoNT/C1 Hc binding domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100 or 200 non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 869-1291 of SEQ ID NO: 3. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/C1 binding domain comprising a BoNT/C1 Hc binding domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100 or 200 non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 869-1291 of SEQ ID NO: 3. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/C1 binding domain comprising a BoNT/C1 Hc binding domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100 or 200 non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 869-1291 of SEQ ID NO:
3. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/C1 binding domain comprising a BoNT/C1 Hc binding domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100 or 200 non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 869-1291 of SEQ ID NO: 3. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/C1 binding domain comprising a BoNT/C1 Hc binding domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100 or 200 non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 869-1291 of SEQ ID
NO: 3.

[0143] In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/C1 binding domain comprising a BoNT/C1 Hc binding domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100 or 200 contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 869-1291 of SEQ ID NO: 3. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/C1 binding domain comprising a BoNT/C1 Hc binding domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100 or 200 contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 869-1291 of SEQ ID NO: 3. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/C1 binding domain comprising a BoNT/C1 Hc binding domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100 or 200 contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 869-1291 of SEQ ID NO: 3. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/C1 binding domain comprising a BoNT/C1 Hc binding domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100 or 200 contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 869-1291 of SEQ ID NO: 3. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/C1 binding domain comprising a BoNT/C1 Hc binding domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100 or 200 contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 869-1291 of SEQ ID NO: 3. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/C1 binding domain comprising a BoNT/C1 Hc binding domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100 or 200 contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 869-1291 of SEQ
ID NO: 3.

[0144] In another aspect of this embodiment, a BoNT/C1 binding domain comprises a BoNT/C1 Hcc binding domain. In an aspect of this embodiment, a BoNT/C1 binding domain comprising a BoNT/C1 Hcc binding domain comprises a modification of amino acids 1112-1291 of SEQ ID NO:
3. In another aspect of this embodiment, a BoNT/C1 binding domain comprising a BoNT/C1 Hcc binding domain comprises a a-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/C1 Hcc binding domain, a(3-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/C1 Hcc binding domain, or a y-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/C1 Hcc binding domain.
In another aspect of this embodiment, a BoNT/C1 binding domain comprising a BoNT/C1 Hcc binding domain comprises a modification to amino acids 1112-1150, amino acids 1167-1218, or amino acids 1230-1291 of SEQ ID NO: 3.

[0145] In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/C1 Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 1112-1150, amino acids 1167-1218, or amino acids 1230-1291 of SEQ ID NO: 3, at least 75% amino acid identity with amino acids 1112-1150, amino acids 1167-1218, or amino acids 1230-1291 of SEQ ID NO:
3, at least 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 1112-1150, amino acids 1167-1218, or amino acids 1230-1291 of SEQ ID NO: 3, at least 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 1112-1150, amino acids 1167-1218, or amino acids 1230-1291 of SEQ ID NO: 3, at least 90% amino acid identity with amino acids 1112-1150, amino acids 1167-1218, or amino acids 1230-1291 of SEQ ID NO:
3 or at least 95%
amino acid identity with amino acids 1112-1150, amino acids 1167-1218, or amino acids 1230-1291 of SEQ ID NO: 3. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/C1 Hcc binding domain comprising a 11-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 1112-1150, amino acids 1167-1218, or amino acids 1230-1291 of SEQ ID NO:
3, at most 75%
amino acid identity with amino acids 1112-1150, amino acids 1167-1218, or amino acids 1230-1291 of SEQ ID NO: 3, at most 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 1112-1150, amino acids 1167-1218, or amino acids 1230-1291 of SEQ ID NO: 3, at most 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 1112-1150, amino acids 1167-1218, or amino acids 1230-1291 of SEQ ID NO: 3, at most 90%
amino acid identity with amino acids 1112-1150, amino acids 1167-1218, or amino acids 1230-1291 of SEQ ID NO: 3 or at most 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 1112-1150, amino acids 1167-1218, or amino acids 1230-1291 of SEQ ID NO: 3.

[0146] In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/C1 Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, or 20 non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 1112-1150, amino acids 1167-1218, or amino acids 1230-1291 of SEQ ID NO: 3. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/C1 Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 1112-1150, amino acids 1167-1218, or amino acids 1230-1291 of SEQ
ID NO: 3. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/C1 Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 1112-1150, amino acids 1167-1218, or amino acids 1230-1291 of SEQ ID NO: 3. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/C1 Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 1112-1150, amino acids 1167-1218, or amino acids 1230-1291 of SEQ ID NO: 3. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/C1 Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 1112-1150, amino acids 1167-1218, or amino acids 1230-1291 of SEQ ID NO: 3. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/C1 Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 1112-1150, amino acids 1167-1218, or amino acids 1230-1291 of SEQ ID NO: 3.

[0147] In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/C1 Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 1112-1150, amino acids 1167-1218, or amino acids 1230-1291 of SEQ ID NO: 3. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/C1 Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 1112-1150, amino acids 1167-1218, or amino acids 1230-1291 of SEQ ID NO:
3. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/C1 Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 1112-1150, amino acids 1167-1218, or amino acids 1230-1291 of SEQ ID NO: 3. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/C1 Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 1112-1150, amino acids 1167-1218, or amino acids 1230-1291 of SEQ ID NO: 3. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/C1 Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 1112-1150, amino acids 1167-1218, or amino acids 1230-1291 of SEQ ID NO: 3. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/C1 Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 1112-1150, amino acids 1167-1218, or amino acids 1230-1291 of SEQ ID NO: 3.

[0148] In another embodiment, a BoNT/C1 binding domain comprising a BoNT/C1 Hcc binding domain comprises a(34/(35 hairpin turn of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/C1 Hcc binding domain or a(38/(39 hairpin turn of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/C1 Hcc binding domain. In another aspect of this embodiment, a BoNT/C1 binding domain comprising a BoNT/C1 Hcc binding domain comprises a modification of amino acids 1151-1166 or amino acids 1219-1229 of SEQ ID NO: 3.

[0149] In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/C1 Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 1151-1166 or amino acids 1219-1229 of SEQ ID NO: 3, at least 75% amino acid identity with amino acids 1151-1166 or amino acids 1219-1229 of SEQ ID NO: 3, at least 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 1151-1166 or amino acids 1219-1229 of SEQ ID NO: 3, at least 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 1151-1166 or amino acids 1219-1229 of SEQ ID NO: 3, at least 90% amino acid identity with amino acids 1151-1166 or amino acids 1219-1229 of SEQ ID NO: 3 or at least 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 1151-1166 or amino acids 1219-1229 of SEQ ID NO: 3. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/C1 Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 1151-1166 or amino acids 1219-1229 of SEQ ID NO: 3, at most 75% amino acid identity with amino acids 1151-1166 or amino acids 1219-1229 of SEQ ID NO: 3, at most 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 1151-1166 or amino acids 1219-1229 of SEQ ID NO: 3, at most 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 1151-1166 or amino acids 1219-1229 of SEQ ID NO: 3, at most 90% amino acid identity with amino acids 1151-1166 or amino acids 1219-1229 of SEQ ID NO: 3 or at most 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 1151-1166 or amino acids 1219-1229 of SEQ ID NO: 3.

[0150] In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/C1 Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine or non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 1151-1166 or amino acids 1219-1229 of SEQ ID NO: 3. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/C1 Hcc binding domain comprising a 11-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine or 10 non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 1151-1166 or amino acids 1219-1229 of SEQ ID NO: 3. In other aspects of this embodiment, a non-contiguous amino acid substitution of any amino acid from amino acids 1151-1166 or amino acids 1219-1229 of SEQ ID NO: 3 can be replaced with glycine. In other aspects of this embodiment, a non-contiguous amino acid substitution of any hydrophobic amino acid from amino acids 1151-1166 or amino acids 1219-1229 of SEQ ID NO: 3 can be replaced with phenylalanine. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/C1 Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine or 10 non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 1151-1166 or amino acids 1219-1229 of SEQ ID NO: 3. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/C1 Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine or 10 non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 1151-1166 or amino acids 1219-1229 of SEQ ID NO: 3. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/C1 Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine or 10 non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 1151-1166 or amino acids 1219-1229 of SEQ ID
NO: 3. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/C1 Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine or 10 non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 1151-1166 or amino acids 1219-1229 of SEQ ID NO: 3.

[0151] In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/C1 Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine or contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 1151-1166 or amino acids 1219-1229 of SEQ ID NO: 3. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/C1 Hcc binding domain comprising a 11-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine or 10 contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 1151-1166 or amino acids 1219-1229 of SEQ ID NO: 3. In other aspects of this embodiment, contiguous amino acid substitutions of amino acids from amino acids 1151-1166 or amino acids 1219-1229 of SEQ ID NO:
3 can be replaced with glycine. In other aspects of this embodiment, contiguous amino acid substitutions of hydrophobic amino acids from amino acids 1151-1166 or amino acids 1219-1229 of SEQ ID NO:
3 can be replaced with phenylalanine. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/C1 Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine or 10 contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 1151-1166 or amino acids 1219-1229 of SEQ ID NO: 3. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/C1 Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine or 10 contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 1151-1166 or amino acids 1219-1229 of SEQ ID NO: 3. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/C1 Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine or 10 contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 1151-1166 or amino acids 1219-1229 of SEQ ID NO: 3. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/C1 Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine or 10 contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 1151-1166 or amino acids 1219-1229 of SEQ ID NO: 3.

[0152] In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/C1 Hcc binding domain comprises a substitution of amino acid Trp 1102, Gly 1103, Leu 1106, Tyr 1112, Tyr 1113, Gly 1145, Ile 1150, Asp 1166, Glu 1196, Ile 1247, Gly 1256, Trp 1258, Tyr 1259, His 1261, Gly 1281 or Trp 1284, or any combination thereof, the substitution enhancing the binding activity of the BoNT/C1 Hcc binding domain.
In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/C1 Hcc binding domain comprises a deletion of amino acid Trp 1102, Gly 1103, Leu 1106, Tyr 1112, Tyr 1113, Gly 1145, Ile 1150, Asp 1166, Glu 1196, Ile 1247, Gly 1256, Trp 1258, Tyr 1259, His 1261, Gly 1281 or Trp 1284, or any combination thereof, the deletion enhancing the binding activity of the BoNT/C1 Hcc binding domain.

[0153] In another embodiment, a binding domain comprises a BoNT/D binding domain. In an aspect of this embodiment, a BoNT/D binding domain comprises a BoNT/D Hc binding domain.
In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/D binding domain comprising a BoNT/D Hc binding domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 865-1276 of SEQ ID NO: 4, at least 75% amino acid identity with amino acids 865-1276 of SEQ ID NO: 4, at least 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 865-1276 of SEQ ID NO: 4, at least 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 865-1276 of SEQ ID NO: 4, at least 90% amino acid identity with amino acids 865-1276 of SEQ ID NO: 4 or at least 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 865-1276 of SEQ ID NO: 4.
In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/D binding domain comprising a BoNT/D Hc binding domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 865-1276 of SEQ ID NO: 4, at most 75% amino acid identity with amino acids 865-1276 of SEQ ID NO: 4, at most 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 865-1276 of SEQ ID NO: 4, at most 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 865-1276 of SEQ ID NO: 4, at most 90% amino acid identity with amino acids 865-1276 of SEQ ID NO: 4 or at most 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 865-1276 of SEQ ID NO: 4.

[0154] In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/D binding domain comprising a BoNT/D Hc binding domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100, or 200 non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 865-1276 of SEQ ID NO: 4. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/D binding domain comprising a BoNT/D
Hc binding domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100 or 200 non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 865-1276 of SEQ ID NO: 4. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/D binding domain comprising a BoNT/D Hc binding domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100 or 200 non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 865-1276 of SEQ ID NO: 4. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/D
binding domain comprising a BoNT/D Hc binding domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100 or 200 non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 865-1276 of SEQ ID NO: 4. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/D binding domain comprising a BoNT/D Hc binding domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100 or 200 non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 865-1276 of SEQ ID NO: 4. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/D binding domain comprising a BoNT/D Hc binding domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100 or 200 non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 865-1276 of SEQ ID
NO: 4.

[0155] In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/D binding domain comprising a BoNT/D Hc binding domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100 or 200 contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 865-1276 of SEQ ID NO: 4. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/D binding domain comprising a BoNT/D Hc binding domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100 or 200 contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 865-1276 of SEQ ID NO: 4. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/D binding domain comprising a BoNT/D Hc binding domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100 or 200 contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 865-1276 of SEQ ID NO: 4. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/D
binding domain comprising a BoNT/D Hc binding domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100 or 200 contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 865-1276 of SEQ ID NO: 4. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/D
binding domain comprising a BoNT/D Hc binding domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100 or 200 contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 865-1276 of SEQ ID NO: 4. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/D binding domain comprising a BoNT/D Hc binding domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100 or 200 contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 865-1276 of SEQ ID NO: 4.

[0156] In another aspect of this embodiment, a BoNT/D binding domain comprises a BoNT/D Hcc binding domain. In an aspect of this embodiment, a BoNT/D binding domain comprising a BoNT/D Hcc binding domain comprises a modification of amino acids 1099-1276 of SEQ ID NO:
4. In another aspect of this embodiment, a BoNT/D binding domain comprising a BoNT/D Hcc binding domain comprises a a-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/D Hcc binding domain, a(3-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/D Hcc binding domain, or a y-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/D
Hcc binding domain. In another aspect of this embodiment, a BoNT/D binding domain comprising a BoNT/D
Hcc binding domain comprises a modification to amino acids 1099-1137, amino acids 1154-1207, or amino acids 1219-1276 of SEQ ID NO: 4.

[0157] In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/D Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 1099-1137, amino acids 1154-1207, or amino acids 1219-1276 of SEQ ID NO: 4, at least 75% amino acid identity with amino acids 1099-1137, amino acids 1154-1207, or amino acids 1219-1276 of SEQ ID NO:
4, at least 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 1099-1137, amino acids 1154-1207, or amino acids 1219-1276 of SEQ ID NO: 4, at least 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 1099-1137, amino acids 1154-1207, or amino acids 1219-1276 of SEQ ID NO: 4, at least 90% amino acid identity with amino acids 1099-1137, amino acids 1154-1207, or amino acids 1219-1276 of SEQ ID NO:
4 or at least 95%
amino acid identity with amino acids 1099-1137, amino acids 1154-1207, or amino acids 1219-1276 of SEQ ID NO: 4. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/D Hcc binding domain comprising a 11-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 1099-1137, amino acids 1154-1207, or amino acids 1219-1276 of SEQ ID NO:
4, at most 75%
amino acid identity with amino acids 1099-1137, amino acids 1154-1207, or amino acids 1219-1276 of SEQ ID NO: 4, at most 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 1099-1137, amino acids 1154-1207, or amino acids 1219-1276 of SEQ ID NO: 4, at most 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 1099-1137, amino acids 1154-1207, or amino acids 1219-1276 of SEQ ID NO: 4, at most 90%
amino acid identity with amino acids 1099-1137, amino acids 1154-1207, or amino acids 1219-1276 of SEQ ID NO: 4 or at most 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 1099-1137, amino acids 1154-1207, or amino acids 1219-1276 of SEQ ID NO: 4.

[0158] In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/D Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, or 20 non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 1099-1137, amino acids 1154-1207, or amino acids 1219-1276 of SEQ ID NO: 4. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/D Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 1099-1137, amino acids 1154-1207, or amino acids 1219-1276 of SEQ
ID NO: 4. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/D Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 1099-1137, amino acids 1154-1207, or amino acids 1219-1276 of SEQ ID NO: 4. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/D Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 1099-1137, amino acids 1154-1207, or amino acids 1219-1276 of SEQ ID NO: 4. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/D Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 1099-1137, amino acids 1154-1207, or amino acids 1219-1276 of SEQ ID NO: 4. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/D
Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 1099-1137, amino acids 1154-1207, or amino acids 1219-1276 of SEQ ID NO: 4.

[0159] In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/D Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 1099-1137, amino acids 1154-1207, or amino acids 1219-1276 of SEQ ID NO: 4. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/D Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 1099-1137, amino acids 1154-1207, or amino acids 1219-1276 of SEQ ID NO: 4. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/D Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 1099-1137, amino acids 1154-1207, or amino acids 1219-1276 of SEQ ID NO: 4. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/D Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 1099-1137, amino acids 1154-1207, or amino acids 1219-1276 of SEQ ID NO: 4. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/D Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 1099-1137, amino acids 1154-1207, or amino acids 1219-1276 of SEQ ID NO: 4. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/D Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 1099-1137, amino acids 1154-1207, or amino acids 1219-1276 of SEQ ID NO: 4.

[0160] In another embodiment, a BoNT/D binding domain comprising a BoNT/D Hcc binding domain comprises a(34/(35 hairpin turn of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/D Hcc binding domain or a(38/(39 hairpin turn of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/D Hcc binding domain. In another aspect of this embodiment, a BoNT/D binding domain comprising a BoNT/D Hcc binding domain comprises a modification of amino acids 1138-1153 or amino acids 1208-1218 of SEQ ID NO: 4.

[0161] In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/D Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 1138-1153 or amino acids 1208-1218 of SEQ ID NO: 4, at least 75% amino acid identity with amino acids 1138-1153 or amino acids 1208-1218 of SEQ ID NO: 4, at least 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 1138-1153 or amino acids 1208-1218 of SEQ ID NO: 4, at least 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 1138-1153 or amino acids 1208-1218 of SEQ ID NO: 4, at least 90% amino acid identity with amino acids 1138-1153 or amino acids 1208-1218 of SEQ ID NO: 4 or at least 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 1138-1153 or amino acids 1208-1218 of SEQ ID NO: 4. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/D Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 1138-1153 or amino acids 1208-1218 of SEQ ID NO: 4, at most 75% amino acid identity with amino acids 1138-1153 or amino acids 1208-1218 of SEQ ID NO: 4, at most 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 1138-1153 or amino acids 1208-1218 of SEQ ID NO: 4, at most 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 1138-1153 or amino acids 1208-1218 of SEQ ID NO: 4, at most 90% amino acid identity with amino acids 1138-1153 or amino acids 1208-1218 of SEQ ID NO: 4 or at most 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 1138-1153 or amino acids 1208-1218 of SEQ ID NO: 4.

[0162] In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/D Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine or non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 1138-1153 or amino acids 1208-1218 of SEQ ID NO: 4. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/D Hcc binding domain comprising a 11-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine or 10 non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 1138-1153 or amino acids 1208-1218 of SEQ ID NO: 4. In other aspects of this embodiment, a non-contiguous amino acid substitution of any amino acid from amino acids 1138-1153 or amino acids 1208-1218 of SEQ ID NO: 4 can be replaced with glycine. In other aspects of this embodiment, a non-contiguous amino acid substitution of any hydrophobic amino acid from amino acids 1138-1153 or amino acids 1208-1218 of SEQ ID NO: 4 can be replaced with phenylalanine. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/D
Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine or 10 non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 1138-1153 or amino acids 1208-1218 of SEQ ID NO: 4. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/D Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine or 10 non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 1138-1153 or amino acids 1208-1218 of SEQ ID NO: 4. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/D Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine or 10 non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 1138-1153 or amino acids 1208-1218 of SEQ ID
NO: 4. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/D Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine or 10 non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 1138-1153 or amino acids 1208-1218 of SEQ ID NO: 4.

[0163] In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/D Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine or contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 1138-1153 or amino acids 1208-1218 of SEQ ID NO: 4. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/D Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine or 10 contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 1138-1153 or amino acids 1208-1218 of SEQ ID NO: 4. In other aspects of this embodiment, contiguous amino acid substitutions of amino acids from amino acids 1138-1153 or amino acids 1208-1218 of SEQ ID NO:
4 can be replaced with glycine. In other aspects of this embodiment, contiguous amino acid substitutions of hydrophobic amino acids from amino acids 1138-1153 or amino acids 1208-1218 of SEQ ID NO:
4 can be replaced with phenylalanine. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/D Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine or 10 contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 1138-1153 or amino acids 1208-1218 of SEQ ID NO: 4. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/D Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine or 10 contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 1138-1153 or amino acids 1208-1218 of SEQ ID NO: 4. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/D Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine or 10 contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 1138-1153 or amino acids 1208-1218 of SEQ ID NO: 4. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/D
Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine or 10 contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 1138-1153 or amino acids 1208-1218 of SEQ ID NO: 4.

[0164] In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/D Hcc binding domain comprises a substitution of amino acid Trp 1089, Gly 1090, Leu 1093, Tyr 1099, Tyr 1100, Gly 1132, Ile 1137, Asp 1153, Asn 1186, Lys 1236, Trp 1238, Arg 1239, Phe 1242, Ser 1262 or Trp 1265, or any combination thereof, the substitution enhancing the binding activity of the BoNT/D Hcc binding domain.
In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/D Hcc binding domain comprises a deletion of amino acid Trp 1089, Gly 1090, Leu 1093, Tyr 1099, Tyr 1100, Gly 1132, Ile 1137, Asp 1153, Asn 1186, Lys 1236, Trp 1238, Arg 1239, Phe 1242, Ser 1262 or Trp 1265, or any combination thereof, the deletion enhancing the binding activity of the BoNT/D Hcc binding domain.

[0165] In another embodiment, a binding domain comprises a BoNT/E binding domain. In an aspect of this embodiment, a BoNT/E binding domain comprises a BoNT/E Hc binding domain.
In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/E binding domain comprising a BoNT/E Hc comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 848-1252 of SEQ ID NO:
5, at least 75% amino acid identity with amino acids 848-1252 of SEQ ID NO: 5, at least 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 848-1252 of SEQ ID NO: 5, at least 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 848-1252 of SEQ ID
NO: 5, at least 90% amino acid identity with amino acids 848-1252 of SEQ ID
NO: 5 or at least 95%
amino acid identity with amino acids 848-1252 of SEQ ID NO: 5. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/E binding domain comprising a BoNT/E Hc comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most 70%
amino acid identity with amino acids 848-1252 of SEQ ID NO: 5, at most 75%
amino acid identity with amino acids 848-1252 of SEQ ID NO: 5, at most 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 848-1252 of SEQ ID NO: 5, at most 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 848-1252 of SEQ
ID NO: 5, at most 90% amino acid identity with amino acids 848-1252 of SEQ ID NO: 5 or at most 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 848-1252 of SEQ ID NO: 5.

[0166] In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/E binding domain comprising a BoNT/E Hc comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100, or 200 non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 848-1252 of SEQ
ID NO: 5. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/E binding domain comprising a BoNT/E Hc comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100 or 200 non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 848-1252 of SEQ
ID NO: 5. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/E binding domain comprising a BoNT/E Hc comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100 or 200 non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 848-1252 of SEQ ID
NO: 5. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/E binding domain comprising a BoNT/E Hc comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100 or 200 non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 848-1252 of SEQ ID
NO: 5. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/E binding domain comprising a BoNT/E Hc comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100 or 200 non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 848-1252 of SEQ ID
NO: 5. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/E binding domain comprising a BoNT/E Hc comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100 or 200 non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 848-1252 of SEQ ID
NO: 5.

[0167] In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/E binding domain comprising a BoNT/E Hc comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100 or 200 contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 848-1252 of SEQ ID
NO: 5. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/E binding domain comprising a BoNT/E Hc comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100 or 200 contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 848-1252 of SEQ ID
NO: 5. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/E binding domain comprising a BoNT/E Hc comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100 or 200 contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 848-1252 of SEQ ID NO:
5. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/E binding domain comprising a BoNT/E Hc comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100 or 200 contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 848-1252 of SEQ
ID NO: 5. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/E binding domain comprising a BoNT/E Hc comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100 or 200 contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 848-1252 of SEQ ID NO:
5. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/E binding domain comprising a BoNT/E Hc comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100 or 200 contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 848-1252 of SEQ ID NO: 5.

[0168] In another aspect of this embodiment, a BoNT/E binding domain comprises a BoNT/E Hcc binding domain. In an aspect of this embodiment, a BoNT/E binding domain comprising a BoNT/E Hcc binding domain comprises a modification of amino acids 1086-1252 of SEQ ID NO:
5. In another aspect of this embodiment, a BoNT/E binding domain comprising a BoNT/E Hcc binding domain comprises a a-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/E Hcc binding domain, a(3-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/E Hcc binding domain, or a y-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/E
Hcc binding domain. In another aspect of this embodiment, a BoNT/E binding domain comprising a BoNT/E
Hcc binding domain comprises a modification to amino acids 1086-1129, amino acids 1147-1190, or amino acids 1199-1252 of SEQ ID NO: 5.

[0169] In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/E Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 1086-1129, amino acids 1147-1190, or amino acids 1199-1252 of SEQ ID NO: 5, at least 75% amino acid identity with amino acids 1086-1129, amino acids 1147-1190, or amino acids 1199-1252 of SEQ ID NO:
5, at least 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 1086-1129, amino acids 1147-1190, or amino acids 1199-1252 of SEQ ID NO: 5, at least 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 1086-1129, amino acids 1147-1190, or amino acids 1199-1252 of SEQ ID NO: 5, at least 90% amino acid identity with amino acids 1086-1129, amino acids 1147-1190, or amino acids 1199-1252 of SEQ ID NO:
5 or at least 95%
amino acid identity with amino acids 1086-1129, amino acids 1147-1190, or amino acids 1199-1252 of SEQ ID NO: 5. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/E Hcc binding domain comprising a 11-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 1086-1129, amino acids 1147-1190, or amino acids 1199-1252 of SEQ ID NO:
5, at most 75%
amino acid identity with amino acids 1086-1129, amino acids 1147-1190, or amino acids 1199-1252 of SEQ ID NO: 5, at most 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 1086-1129, amino acids 1147-1190, or amino acids 1199-1252 of SEQ ID NO: 5, at most 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 1086-1129, amino acids 1147-1190, or amino acids 1199-1252 of SEQ ID NO: 5, at most 90%
amino acid identity with amino acids 1086-1129, amino acids 1147-1190, or amino acids 1199-1252 of SEQ ID NO: 5 or at most 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 1086-1129, amino acids 1147-1190, or amino acids 1199-1252 of SEQ ID NO: 5.

[0170] In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/E Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, or 20 non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 1086-1129, amino acids 1147-1190, or amino acids 1199-1252 of SEQ ID NO: 5. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/E Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 1086-1129, amino acids 1147-1190, or amino acids 1199-1252 of SEQ
ID NO: 5. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/E Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 1086-1129, amino acids 1147-1190, or amino acids 1199-1252 of SEQ ID NO: 5. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/E Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 1086-1129, amino acids 1147-1190, or amino acids 1199-1252 of SEQ ID NO: 5. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/E Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 1086-1129, amino acids 1147-1190, or amino acids 1199-1252 of SEQ ID NO: 5. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/E
Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 1086-1129, amino acids 1147-1190, or amino acids 1199-1252 of SEQ ID NO: 5.

[0171] In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/E Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 1086-1129, amino acids 1147-1190, or amino acids 1199-1252 of SEQ ID NO: 5. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/E Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 1086-1129, amino acids 1147-1190, or amino acids 1199-1252 of SEQ ID NO: 5. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/E Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 1086-1129, amino acids 1147-1190, or amino acids 1199-1252 of SEQ ID NO: 5. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/E Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 1086-1129, amino acids 1147-1190, or amino acids 1199-1252 of SEQ ID NO: 5. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/E Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 1086-1129, amino acids 1147-1190, or amino acids 1199-1252 of SEQ ID NO: 5. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/E Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 1086-1129, amino acids 1147-1190, or amino acids 1199-1252 of SEQ ID NO: 5.

[0172] In another embodiment, a BoNT/E binding domain comprising a BoNT/E Hcc binding domain comprises a(34/(35 hairpin turn of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/E Hcc binding domain or a(38/(39 hairpin turn of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/E Hcc binding domain. In another aspect of this embodiment, a BoNT/E binding domain comprising a BoNT/E Hcc binding domain comprises a modification of amino acids 1130-1146 or amino acids 1191-1198 of SEQ ID NO: 5.

[0173] In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/E Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 1130-1146 or amino acids 1191-1198 of SEQ ID NO: 5, at least 75% amino acid identity with amino acids 1130-1146 or amino acids 1191-1198 of SEQ ID NO: 5, at least 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 1130-1146 or amino acids 1191-1198 of SEQ ID NO: 5, at least 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 1130-1146 or amino acids 1191-1198 of SEQ ID NO: 5, at least 90% amino acid identity with amino acids 1130-1146 or amino acids 1191-1198 of SEQ ID NO: 5 or at least 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 1130-1146 oramino acids 1191-1198 of SEQ ID NO: 5. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/E Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 1130-1146 or amino acids 1191-1198 of SEQ ID NO: 5, at most 75% amino acid identity with amino acids 1130-1146 or amino acids 1191-1198 of SEQ ID NO: 5, at most 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 1130-1146 or amino acids 1191-1198 of SEQ ID NO: 5, at most 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 1130-1146 or amino acids 1191-1198 of SEQ ID NO: 5, at most 90% amino acid identity with amino acids 1130-1146 or amino acids 1191-1198 of SEQ ID NO: 5 or at most 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 1130-1146 or amino acids 1191-1198 of SEQ ID NO: 5.

[0174] In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/E Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine or non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 1130-1146 or amino acids 1191-1198 of SEQ ID NO: 5. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/E Hcc binding domain comprising a 11-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine or 10 non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 1130-1146 or amino acids 1191-1198 of SEQ ID NO: 5. In other aspects of this embodiment, a non-contiguous amino acid substitution of any amino acid from amino acids 1130-1146 or amino acids 1191-1198 of SEQ ID NO: 5 can be replaced with glycine. In other aspects of this embodiment, a non-contiguous amino acid substitution of any hydrophobic amino acid from amino acids 1130-1146 or amino acids 1191-1198 of SEQ ID NO: 5 can be replaced with phenylalanine. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/E
Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine or 10 non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 1130-1146 or amino acids 1191-1198 of SEQ ID NO: 5. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/E Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine or 10 non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 1130-1146 or amino acids 1191-1198 of SEQ ID NO: 5. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/E Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine or 10 non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 1130-1146 or amino acids 1191-1198 of SEQ ID
NO: 5. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/E Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine or 10 non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 1130-1146 or amino acids 1191-1198 of SEQ ID NO: 5.

[0175] In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/E Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine or contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 1130-1146 or amino acids 1191-1198 of SEQ ID NO: 5. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/E Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine or 10 contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 1130-1146 or amino acids 1191-1198 of SEQ ID NO: 5. In other aspects of this embodiment, contiguous amino acid substitutions of amino acids from amino acids 1130-1146 or amino acids 1191-1198 of SEQ ID NO:
5 can be replaced with glycine. In other aspects of this embodiment, contiguous amino acid substitutions of hydrophobic amino acids from amino acids 1130-1146 or amino acids 1191-1198 of SEQ ID NO:
5 can be replaced with phenylalanine. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/E Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine or 10 contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 1130-1146 or amino acids 1191-1198 of SEQ ID NO: 5. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/E Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine or 10 contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 1130-1146 or amino acids 1191-1198 of SEQ ID NO: 5. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/E Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine or 10 contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 1130-1146 or amino acids 1191-1198 of SEQ ID NO: 5. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/E
Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine or 10 contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 1130-1146 or amino acids 1191-1198 of SEQ ID NO: 5.

[0176] In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/E Hcc binding domain comprises a substitution of amino acid Trp 1076, Gly 1077, Leu 1080, Tyr 1086, Tyr 1087, Gly 1124, Ile 1129, Asp 1146, Glu 1172, Phe 1213, Ser 1221, Trp 1223, Tyr 1224, His 1227, Gly 1236 or Trp 1239, or any combination thereof, the substitution enhancing the binding activity of the BoNT/E Hcc binding domain. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/E Hcc binding domain comprises a deletion of amino acid Trp 1076, Gly 1077, Leu 1080, Tyr 1086, Tyr 1087, Gly 1124, Ile 1129, Asp 1146, Glu 1172, Phe 1213, Ser 1221, Trp 1223, Tyr 1224, His 1227, Gly 1236 or Trp 1239, or any combination thereof, the deletion enhancing the binding activity of the BoNT/E Hcc binding domain.

[0177] In another embodiment, a binding domain comprises a BoNT/F binding domain. In an aspect of this embodiment, a BoNT/F binding domain comprises a BoNT/F Hc binding domain.
In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/F binding domain comprising a BoNT/F Hc binding domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 867-1274 of SEQ ID NO: 6, at least 75% amino acid identity with amino acids 867-1274 of SEQ ID NO: 6, at least 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 867-1274 of SEQ ID NO: 6, at least 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 867-1274 of SEQ ID NO: 6, at least 90% amino acid identity with amino acids 867-1274 of SEQ ID NO: 6 or at least 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 867-1274 of SEQ ID NO: 6.
In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/F binding domain comprising a BoNT/F Hc binding domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 867-1274 of SEQ ID NO: 6, at most 75% amino acid identity with amino acids 867-1274 of SEQ ID NO: 6, at most 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 867-1274 of SEQ ID NO: 6, at most 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 867-1274 of SEQ ID NO: 6, at most 90% amino acid identity with amino acids 867-1274 of SEQ ID NO: 6 or at most 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 867-1274 of SEQ ID NO: 6.

[0178] In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/F binding domain comprising a BoNT/F Hc binding domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100, or 200 non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 867-1274 of SEQ ID NO: 6. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/F binding domain comprising a BoNT/F
Hc binding domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100 or 200 non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 867-1274 of SEQ ID NO: 6. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/F binding domain comprising a BoNT/F Hc binding domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100 or 200 non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 867-1274 of SEQ ID NO: 6. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/F
binding domain comprising a BoNT/F Hc binding domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100 or 200 non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 867-1274 of SEQ ID NO: 6. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/F binding domain comprising a BoNT/F Hc binding domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100 or 200 non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 867-1274 of SEQ ID NO:
6. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/F binding domain comprising a BoNT/F Hc binding domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100 or 200 non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 867-1274 of SEQ ID NO: 6.

[0179] In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/F binding domain comprising a BoNT/F Hc binding domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100 or 200 contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 867-1274 of SEQ ID NO: 6. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/F binding domain comprising a BoNT/F Hc binding domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100 or 200 contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 867-1274 of SEQ ID NO: 6. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/F binding domain comprising a BoNT/F Hc binding domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100 or 200 contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 867-1274 of SEQ ID NO: 6. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/F
binding domain comprising a BoNT/F Hc binding domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100 or 200 contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 867-1274 of SEQ ID NO: 6. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/F
binding domain comprising a BoNT/F Hc binding domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100 or 200 contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 867-1274 of SEQ ID NO: 6. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/F binding domain comprising a BoNT/F Hc binding domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100 or 200 contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 867-1274 of SEQ ID NO: 6.

[0180] In another aspect of this embodiment, a BoNT/F binding domain comprises a BoNT/F Hcc binding domain. In an aspect of this embodiment, a BoNT/F binding domain comprising a BoNT/F Hcc binding domain comprises a modification of amino acids 1106-1274 of SEQ ID NO:
6. In another aspect of this embodiment, a BoNT/F binding domain comprising a BoNT/F Hcc binding domain comprises a a-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/F Hcc binding domain, a(3-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/F Hcc binding domain, or a y-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/F
Hcc binding domain. In another aspect of this embodiment, a BoNT/F binding domain comprising a BoNT/F
Hcc binding domain comprises a modification to amino acids 1106-1152, amino acids 1172-1213, or amino acids 1222-1274 of SEQ ID NO: 6.

[0181] In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/F Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 1106-1152, amino acids 1172-1213, or amino acids 1222-1274 of SEQ ID NO: 6, at least 75% amino acid identity with amino acids 1106-1152, amino acids 1172-1213, or amino acids 1222-1274 of SEQ ID NO:
6, at least 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 1106-1152, amino acids 1172-1213, or amino acids 1222-1274 of SEQ ID NO: 6, at least 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 1106-1152, amino acids 1172-1213, or amino acids 1222-1274 of SEQ ID NO: 6, at least 90% amino acid identity with amino acids 1106-1152, amino acids 1172-1213, or amino acids 1222-1274 of SEQ ID NO:
6 or at least 95%
amino acid identity with amino acids 1106-1152, amino acids 1172-1213, or amino acids 1222-1274 of SEQ ID NO: 6. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/F Hcc binding domain comprising a 11-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 1106-1152, amino acids 1172-1213, or amino acids 1222-1274 of SEQ ID NO:
6, at most 75%
amino acid identity with amino acids 1106-1152, amino acids 1172-1213, or amino acids 1222-1274 of SEQ ID NO: 6, at most 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 1106-1152, amino acids 1172-1213, or amino acids 1222-1274 of SEQ ID NO: 6, at most 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 1106-1152, amino acids 1172-1213, or amino acids 1222-1274 of SEQ ID NO: 6, at most 90%
amino acid identity with amino acids 1106-1152, amino acids 1172-1213, or amino acids 1222-1274 of SEQ ID NO: 6 or at most 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 1106-1152, amino acids 1172-1213, or amino acids 1222-1274 of SEQ ID NO: 6.

[0182] In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/F Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, or 20 non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 1106-1152, amino acids 1172-1213, or amino acids 1222-1274 of SEQ ID NO: 6. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/F Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 1106-1152, amino acids 1172-1213, or amino acids 1222-1274 of SEQ
ID NO: 6. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/F Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 1106-1152, amino acids 1172-1213, or amino acids 1222-1274 of SEQ ID NO: 6. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/F Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 1106-1152, amino acids 1172-1213, or amino acids 1222-1274 of SEQ ID NO: 6. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/F Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 1106-1152, amino acids 1172-1213, or amino acids 1222-1274 of SEQ ID NO: 6. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/F
Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 1106-1152, amino acids 1172-1213, or amino acids 1222-1274 of SEQ ID NO: 6.

[0183] In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/F Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 1106-1152, amino acids 1172-1213, or amino acids 1222-1274 of SEQ ID NO: 6. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/F Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 1106-1152, amino acids 1172-1213, or amino acids 1222-1274 of SEQ ID NO: 6. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/F Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 1106-1152, amino acids 1172-1213, or amino acids 1222-1274 of SEQ ID NO: 6. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/F Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 1106-1152, amino acids 1172-1213, or amino acids 1222-1274 of SEQ ID NO: 6. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/F Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 1106-1152, amino acids 1172-1213, or amino acids 1222-1274 of SEQ ID NO: 6. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/F Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 1106-1152, amino acids 1172-1213, or amino acids 1222-1274 of SEQ ID NO: 6.

[0184] In another embodiment, a BoNT/F binding domain comprises a BoNT/F Hcc binding domain of comprises a(34/(35 hairpin turn of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/F Hcc binding domain or a(38/(39 hairpin turn of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/F Hcc binding domain. In another aspect of this embodiment, a BoNT/F binding domain comprising a BoNT/F Hcc binding domain comprises a modification of amino acids 1153-1171 or amino acids 1214-1221 of SEQ ID NO: 6.

[0185] In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/F Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 1153-1171 or amino acids 1214-1221 of SEQ ID NO: 6, at least 75% amino acid identity with amino acids 1153-1171 or amino acids 1214-1221 of SEQ ID NO: 6, at least 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 1153-1171 or amino acids 1214-1221 of SEQ ID NO: 6, at least 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 1153-1171 or amino acids 1214-1221 of SEQ ID NO: 6, at least 90% amino acid identity with amino acids 1153-1171 or amino acids 1214-1221 of SEQ ID NO: 6 or at least 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 1153-1171 or amino acids 1214-1221 of SEQ ID NO: 6. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/F Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 1153-1171 or amino acids 1214-1221 of SEQ ID NO: 6, at most 75% amino acid identity with amino acids 1153-1171 or amino acids 1214-1221 of SEQ ID NO: 6, at most 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 1153-1171 or amino acids 1214-1221 of SEQ ID NO: 6, at most 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 1153-1171 or amino acids 1214-1221 of SEQ ID NO: 6, at most 90% amino acid identity with amino acids 1153-1171 or amino acids 1214-1221 of SEQ ID NO: 6 or at most 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 1153-1171 or amino acids 1214-1221 of SEQ ID NO: 6.

[0186] In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/F Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine or non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 1153-1171 or amino acids 1214-1221 of SEQ ID NO: 6. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/F Hcc binding domain comprising a 11-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine or 10 non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 1153-1171 or amino acids 1214-1221 of SEQ ID NO: 6. In other aspects of this embodiment, a non-contiguous amino acid substitution of any amino acid from amino acids 1153-1171 or amino acids 1214-1221 of SEQ ID NO: 6 can be replaced with glycine. In other aspects of this embodiment, a non-contiguous amino acid substitution of any hydrophobic amino acid from amino acids 1153-1171 or amino acids 1214-1221 of SEQ ID NO: 6 can be replaced with phenylalanine. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/F
Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine or 10 non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 1153-1171 or amino acids 1214-1221 of SEQ ID NO: 6. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/F Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine or 10 non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 1153-1171 or amino acids 1214-1221 of SEQ ID NO: 6. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/F Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine or 10 non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 1153-1171 or amino acids 1214-1221 of SEQ ID
NO: 6. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/F Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine or 10 non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 1153-1171 or amino acids 1214-1221 of SEQ ID NO: 6.

[0187] In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/F Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine or contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 1153-1171 or amino acids 1214-1221 of SEQ ID NO: 6. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/F Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine or 10 contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 1153-1171 or amino acids 1214-1221 of SEQ ID NO: 6. In other aspects of this embodiment, contiguous amino acid substitutions of amino acids from amino acids 1153-1171 or amino acids 1214-1221 of SEQ ID NO:
6 can be replaced with glycine. In other aspects of this embodiment, contiguous amino acid substitutions of hydrophobic amino acids from amino acids 1153-1171 or amino acids 1214-1221 of SEQ ID NO:
6 can be replaced with phenylalanine. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/F Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine or 10 contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 1153-1171 or amino acids 1214-1221 of SEQ ID NO: 6. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/F Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine or 10 contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 1153-1171 or amino acids 1214-1221 of SEQ ID NO: 6. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/F Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine or 10 contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 1153-1171 or amino acids 1214-1221 of SEQ ID NO: 6. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/F
Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine or 10 contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 1153-1171 or amino acids 1214-1221 of SEQ ID NO: 6.

[0188] In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/F Hcc binding domain comprises a substitution of amino acid Trp 1096, Gly 1097, Leu 1100, Tyr 1106, Tyr 1107, Gly 1147, Ile 1152, Asp 1171, Glu 1195, Phe 1237, Ser 1245, Trp 1247, Tyr 1248, Asn 1251, Gly 1260 or Trp 1263, or any combination thereof, the substitution enhancing the binding activity of the BoNT/F Hcc binding domain. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/F Hcc binding domain comprises a deletion of amino acid Trp 1096, Gly 1097, Leu 1100, Tyr 1106, Tyr 1107, Gly 1147, Ile 1152, Asp 1171, Glu 1195, Phe 1237, Ser 1245, Trp 1247, Tyr 1248, Asn 1251, Gly 1260 or Trp 1263, or any combination thereof, the deletion enhancing the binding activity of the BoNT/F Hcc binding domain.

[0189] In another embodiment, a binding domain comprises a BoNT/G binding domain. In an aspect of this embodiment, a BoNT/G binding domain comprises a BoNT/G Hc binding domain.
In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/G binding domain comprising a BoNT/G Hc binding domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 866-1297 of SEQ ID NO: 7, at least 75% amino acid identity with amino acids 866-1297 of SEQ ID NO: 7, at least 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 866-1297 of SEQ ID NO: 7, at least 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 866-1297 of SEQ ID NO: 7, at least 90% amino acid identity with amino acids 866-1297 of SEQ ID NO: 7 or at least 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 866-1297 of SEQ ID NO: 7.
In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/G binding domain comprising a BoNT/G Hc binding domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 866-1297 of SEQ ID NO: 7, at most 75% amino acid identity with amino acids 866-1297 of SEQ ID NO: 7, at most 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 866-1297 of SEQ ID NO: 7, at most 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 866-1297 of SEQ ID NO: 7, at most 90% amino acid identity with amino acids 866-1297 of SEQ ID NO: 7 or at most 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 866-1297 of SEQ ID NO: 7.

[0190] In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/G binding domain comprising a BoNT/G Hc binding domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100, or 200 non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 866-1297 of SEQ ID NO: 7. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/G binding domain comprising a BoNT/G
Hc binding domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100 or 200 non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 866-1297 of SEQ ID NO: 7. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/G binding domain comprising a BoNT/G Hc binding domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100 or 200 non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 866-1297 of SEQ ID NO: 7. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/G
binding domain comprising a BoNT/G Hc binding domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100 or 200 non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 866-1297 of SEQ ID NO: 7. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/G binding domain comprising a BoNT/G Hc binding domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100 or 200 non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 866-1297 of SEQ ID NO: 7. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/G binding domain comprising a BoNT/G Hc binding domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100 or 200 non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 866-1297 of SEQ ID
NO: 7.

[0191] In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/G binding domain comprising a BoNT/G Hc binding domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100 or 200 contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 866-1297 of SEQ ID NO: 7. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/G binding domain comprising a BoNT/G Hc binding domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100 or 200 contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 866-1297 of SEQ ID NO: 7. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/G binding domain comprising a BoNT/G Hc binding domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100 or 200 contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 866-1297 of SEQ ID NO: 7. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/G
binding domain comprising a BoNT/G Hc binding domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100 or 200 contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 866-1297 of SEQ ID NO: 7. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/G
binding domain comprising a BoNT/G Hc binding domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100 or 200 contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 866-1297 of SEQ ID NO: 7. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/G binding domain comprising a BoNT/G Hc binding domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100 or 200 contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 866-1297 of SEQ ID NO: 7.

[0192] In another aspect of this embodiment, a BoNT/G binding domain comprises a BoNT/G Hcc binding domain. In an aspect of this embodiment, a BoNT/G binding domain comprising a BoNT/G Hcc binding domain comprises a modification of amino acids 1106-1297 of SEQ ID NO:
7. In another aspect of this embodiment, a BoNT/G binding domain comprising a BoNT/G Hcc binding domain comprises a a-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/G Hcc binding domain, a(3-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/G Hcc binding domain, or a y-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/G
Hcc binding domain. In another aspect of this embodiment, a BoNT/G binding domain comprising a BoNT/G
Hcc binding domain comprises a modification to amino acids 1106-1153, amino acids 1173-1218, or amino acids 1231-1297 of SEQ ID NO: 7.

[0193] In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/G Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 1106-1153, amino acids 1173-1218, or amino acids 1231-1297 of SEQ ID NO: 7, at least 75% amino acid identity with amino acids 1106-1153, amino acids 1173-1218, or amino acids 1231-1297 of SEQ ID NO:
7, at least 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 1106-1153, amino acids 1173-1218, or amino acids 1231-1297 of SEQ ID NO: 7, at least 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 1106-1153, amino acids 1173-1218, or amino acids 1231-1297 of SEQ ID NO: 7, at least 90% amino acid identity with amino acids 1106-1153, amino acids 1173-1218, or amino acids 1231-1297 of SEQ ID NO:
7 or at least 95%
amino acid identity with amino acids 1106-1153, amino acids 1173-1218, or amino acids 1231-1297 of SEQ ID NO: 7. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/G Hcc binding domain comprising a 11-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 1106-1153, amino acids 1173-1218, or amino acids 1231-1297 of SEQ ID NO:
7, at most 75%
amino acid identity with amino acids 1106-1153, amino acids 1173-1218, or amino acids 1231-1297 of SEQ ID NO: 7, at most 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 1106-1153, amino acids 1173-1218, or amino acids 1231-1297 of SEQ ID NO: 7, at most 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 1106-1153, amino acids 1173-1218, or amino acids 1231-1297 of SEQ ID NO: 7, at most 90%
amino acid identity with amino acids 1106-1153, amino acids 1173-1218, or amino acids 1231-1297 of SEQ ID NO: 7 or at most 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 1106-1153, amino acids 1173-1218, or amino acids 1231-1297 of SEQ ID NO: 7.

[0194] In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/G Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, or 20 non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 1106-1153, amino acids 1173-1218, or amino acids 1231-1297 of SEQ ID NO: 7. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/G Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 1106-1153, amino acids 1173-1218, or amino acids 1231-1297 of SEQ
ID NO: 7. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/G Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 1106-1153, amino acids 1173-1218, or amino acids 1231-1297 of SEQ ID NO: 7. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/G Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 1106-1153, amino acids 1173-1218, or amino acids 1231-1297 of SEQ ID NO: 7. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/G Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 1106-1153, amino acids 1173-1218, or amino acids 1231-1297 of SEQ ID NO: 7. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/G
Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 1106-1153, amino acids 1173-1218, or amino acids 1231-1297 of SEQ ID NO: 7.

[0195] In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/G Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 1106-1153, amino acids 1173-1218, or amino acids 1231-1297 of SEQ ID NO: 7. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/G Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 1106-1153, amino acids 1173-1218, or amino acids 1231-1297 of SEQ ID NO: 7. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/G Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 1106-1153, amino acids 1173-1218, or amino acids 1231-1297 of SEQ ID NO: 7. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/G Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 1106-1153, amino acids 1173-1218, or amino acids 1231-1297 of SEQ ID NO: 7. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/G Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 1106-1153, amino acids 1173-1218, or amino acids 1231-1297 of SEQ ID NO: 7. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/G Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 1106-1153, amino acids 1173-1218, or amino acids 1231-1297 of SEQ ID NO: 7.

[0196] In another embodiment, a BoNT/G binding domain comprising a BoNT/G Hcc binding domain comprises a(34/(35 hairpin turn of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/G Hcc binding domain or a(38/(39 hairpin turn of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/G Hcc binding domain. In another aspect of this embodiment, a BoNT/G binding domain comprising a BoNT/G Hcc binding domain comprises a modification of amino acids 1154-1172 or amino acids 1219-1230 of SEQ ID NO: 7.

[0197] In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/G Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 1154-1172 or amino acids 1219-1230 of SEQ ID NO: 7, at least 75% amino acid identity with amino acids 1154-1172 or amino acids 1219-1230 of SEQ ID NO: 7, at least 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 1154-1172 or amino acids 1219-1230 of SEQ ID NO: 7, at least 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 1154-1172 or amino acids 1219-1230 of SEQ ID NO: 7, at least 90% amino acid identity with amino acids 1154-1172 or amino acids 1219-1230 of SEQ ID NO: 7 or at least 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 1154-1172 or amino acids 1219-1230 of SEQ ID NO: 7. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/G Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 1154-1172 or amino acids 1219-1230 of SEQ ID NO: 7, at most 75% amino acid identity with amino acids 1154-1172 or amino acids 1219-1230 of SEQ ID NO: 7, at most 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 1154-1172 or amino acids 1219-1230 of SEQ ID NO: 7, at most 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 1154-1172 or amino acids 1219-1230 of SEQ ID NO: 7, at most 90% amino acid identity with amino acids 1154-1172 or amino acids 1219-1230 of SEQ ID NO: 7 or at most 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 1154-1172 or amino acids 1219-1230 of SEQ ID NO: 7.

[0198] In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/G Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine or non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 1154-1172 or amino acids 1219-1230 of SEQ ID NO: 7. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/G Hcc binding domain comprising a 11-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine or 10 non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 1154-1172 or amino acids 1219-1230 of SEQ ID NO: 7. In other aspects of this embodiment, a non-contiguous amino acid substitution of any amino acid from amino acids 1154-1172 or amino acids 1219-1230 of SEQ ID NO: 7 can be replaced with glycine. In other aspects of this embodiment, a non-contiguous amino acid substitution of any hydrophobic amino acid from amino acids 1154-1172 or amino acids 1219-1230 of SEQ ID NO: 7 can be replaced with phenylalanine. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/G
Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine or 10 non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 1154-1172 or amino acids 1219-1230 of SEQ ID NO: 7. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/G Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine or 10 non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 1154-1172 or amino acids 1219-1230 of SEQ ID NO: 7. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/G Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine or 10 non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 1154-1172 or amino acids 1219-1230 of SEQ ID
NO: 7. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/G Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine or 10 non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 1154-1172 or amino acids 1219-1230 of SEQ ID NO: 7.

[0199] In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/G Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine or contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 1154-1172 or amino acids 1219-1230 of SEQ ID NO: 7. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/G Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine or 10 contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 1154-1172 or amino acids 1219-1230 of SEQ ID NO: 7. In other aspects of this embodiment, contiguous amino acid substitutions of amino acids from amino acids 1154-1172 or amino acids 1219-1230 of SEQ ID NO:
7 can be replaced with glycine. In other aspects of this embodiment, contiguous amino acid substitutions of hydrophobic amino acids from amino acids 1154-1172 or amino acids 1219-1230 of SEQ ID NO:
7 can be replaced with phenylalanine. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/G Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine or 10 contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 1154-1172 or amino acids 1219-1230 of SEQ ID NO: 7. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/G Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine or 10 contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 1154-1172 or amino acids 1219-1230 of SEQ ID NO: 7. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/G Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine or 10 contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 1154-1172 or amino acids 1219-1230 of SEQ ID NO: 7. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/G
Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine or 10 contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 1154-1172 or amino acids 1219-1230 of SEQ ID NO: 7.

[0200] In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/G Hcc binding domain comprises a substitution of amino acid Trp 1096, Gly 1097, Leu 1100, Tyr 1106, Tyr 1107, Gly 1148, Ile 1153, Asp 1172, Gln 1198, Ile 1245, Ser 1266, Trp 1268, Tyr 1269, Arg 1272, Gly 1283 or Trp 1285, or any combination thereof, the substitution enhancing the binding activity of the BoNT/G Hcc binding domain.
In other aspects of this embodiment, a BoNT/G Hcc binding domain comprises a deletion of amino acid Trp 1096, Gly 1097, Leu 1100, Tyr 1106, Tyr 1107, Gly 1148, Ile 1153, Asp 1172, Gln 1198, Ile 1245, Ser 1266, Trp 1268, Tyr 1269, Arg 1272, Gly 1283 or Trp 1285, or any combination thereof, the deletion enhancing the binding activity of the BoNT/G Hcc binding domain.

[0201] In another embodiment, a binding domain comprises a TeNT binding domain. In an aspect of this embodiment, a TeNT binding domain comprises a TeNT Hc binding domain. In other aspects of this embodiment, a TeNT binding domain comprising a TeNT Hc binding domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 882-1315 of SEQ ID NO: 8, at least 75%
amino acid identity with amino acids 882-1315 of SEQ ID NO: 8, at least 80%
amino acid identity with amino acids 882-1315 of SEQ ID NO: 8, at least 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 882-1315 of SEQ ID NO: 8, at least 90% amino acid identity with amino acids 882-1315 of SEQ ID NO: 8 or at least 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 882-1315 of SEQ ID NO: 8. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a TeNT binding domain comprising a TeNT Hc binding domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 882-1315 of SEQ
ID NO: 8, at most 75%
amino acid identity with amino acids 882-1315 of SEQ ID NO: 8, at most 80%
amino acid identity with amino acids 882-1315 of SEQ ID NO: 8, at most 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 882-1315 of SEQ ID NO: 8, at most 90% amino acid identity with amino acids 882-1315 of SEQ
ID NO: 8 or at most 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 882-1315 of SEQ ID NO: 8.

[0202] In other aspects of this embodiment, a TeNT binding domain comprising a TeNT Hc binding domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100, or 200 non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 882-1315 of SEQ ID NO: 8. In other aspects of this embodiment, a TeNT binding domain comprising a TeNT Hc binding domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100 or 200 non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 882-1315 of SEQ ID NO: 8. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a TeNT binding domain comprising a TeNT Hc binding domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100 or 200 non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 882-1315 of SEQ ID NO: 8. In other aspects of this embodiment, a TeNT
binding domain comprising a TeNT Hc binding domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100 or 200 non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 882-1315 of SEQ ID NO: 8. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a TeNT binding domain comprising a TeNT Hc binding domain comprises a polypeptide e having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100 or 200 non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 882-1315 of SEQ ID NO: 8. In other aspects of this embodiment, a TeNT binding domain comprising a TeNT Hc binding domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100 or 200 non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 882-1315 of SEQ ID NO: 8.

[0203] In other aspects of this embodiment, a TeNT binding domain comprising a TeNT Hc binding domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100 or 200 contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 882-1315 of SEQ ID NO: 8. In other aspects of this embodiment, a TeNT binding domain comprising a TeNT Hc binding domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100 or 200 contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 882-1315 of SEQ ID NO: 8. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a TeNT binding domain comprising a TeNT
Hc binding domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100 or 200 contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 882-1315 of SEQ ID NO: 8. In other aspects of this embodiment, a TeNT binding domain comprising a TeNT
Hc binding domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100 or 200 contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 882-1315 of SEQ ID NO: 8. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a TeNT
binding domain comprising a TeNT Hc binding domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100 or 200 contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 882-1315 of SEQ ID NO: 8. In other aspects of this embodiment, a TeNT binding domain comprising a TeNT Hc binding domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100 or 200 contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 882-1315 of SEQ ID NO: 8.

[0204] In another aspect of this embodiment, a TeNT binding domain comprises a TeNT Hcc binding domain. In an aspect of this embodiment, a TeNT binding domain comprising a TeNT Hcc binding domain comprises a modification of amino acids 1128-1315 of SEQ ID NO: 8. In another aspect of this embodiment, a TeNT Hcc binding domain comprises a a-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a TeNT Hcc binding domain, a(3-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a TeNT Hcc binding domain, or a y-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a TeNT Hcc binding domain. In another aspect of this embodiment, a TeNT binding domain comprising a TeNT Hcc binding domain comprises a modification to amino acids 1128-1177, amino acids 1195-1240, or amino acids 1255-1315 of SEQ ID NO: 8.

[0205] In other aspects of this embodiment, a TeNT Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 1128-1177, amino acids 1195-1240, or amino acids 1255-1315 of SEQ ID NO: 8, at least 75% amino acid identity with amino acids 1128-1177, amino acids 1195-1240, or amino acids 1255-1315 of SEQ ID NO:
8, at least 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 1128-1177, amino acids 1195-1240, or amino acids 1255-1315 of SEQ ID NO: 8, at least 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 1128-1177, amino acids 1195-1240, or amino acids 1255-1315 of SEQ ID NO: 8, at least 90% amino acid identity with amino acids 1128-1177, amino acids 1195-1240, or amino acids 1255-1315 of SEQ ID NO:
8 or at least 95%
amino acid identity with amino acids 1128-1177, amino acids 1195-1240, or amino acids 1255-1315 of SEQ ID NO: 8. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a TeNT Hcc binding domain comprising a 11-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 1128-1177, amino acids 1195-1240, or amino acids 1255-1315 of SEQ ID NO:
8, at most 75%
amino acid identity with amino acids 1128-1177, amino acids 1195-1240, or amino acids 1255-1315 of SEQ ID NO: 8, at most 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 1128-1177, amino acids 1195-1240, or amino acids 1255-1315 of SEQ ID NO: 8, at most 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 1128-1177, amino acids 1195-1240, or amino acids 1255-1315 of SEQ ID NO: 8, at most 90%
amino acid identity with amino acids 1128-1177, amino acids 1195-1240, or amino acids 1255-1315 of SEQ ID NO: 8 or at most 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 1128-1177, amino acids 1195-1240, or amino acids 1255-1315 of SEQ ID NO: 8.

[0206] In other aspects of this embodiment, a TeNT Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, or 20 non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 1128-1177, amino acids 1195-1240, or amino acids 1255-1315 of SEQ ID NO: 8. In other aspects of this embodiment, a TeNT Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 1128-1177, amino acids 1195-1240, or amino acids 1255-1315 of SEQ
ID NO: 8. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a TeNT Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 1128-1177, amino acids 1195-1240, or amino acids 1255-1315 of SEQ ID NO: 8. In other aspects of this embodiment, a TeNT Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 1128-1177, amino acids 1195-1240, or amino acids 1255-1315 of SEQ ID NO: 8. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a TeNT Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 1128-1177, amino acids 1195-1240, or amino acids 1255-1315 of SEQ ID NO: 8. In other aspects of this embodiment, a TeNT Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 1128-1177, amino acids 1195-1240, or amino acids 1255-1315 of SEQ ID NO: 8.

[0207] In other aspects of this embodiment, a TeNT Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 1128-1177, amino acids 1195-1240, or amino acids 1255-1315 of SEQ ID NO: 8. In other aspects of this embodiment, a TeNT Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 1128-1177, amino acids 1195-1240, or amino acids 1255-1315 of SEQ ID NO: 8. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a TeNT Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 1128-1177, amino acids 1195-1240, or amino acids 1255-1315 of SEQ
ID NO: 8. In other aspects of this embodiment, a TeNT Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 1128-1177, amino acids 1195-1240, or amino acids 1255-1315 of SEQ ID NO: 8. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a TeNT Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 1128-1177, amino acids 1195-1240, or amino acids 1255-1315 of SEQ ID NO: 8. In other aspects of this embodiment, a TeNT Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 1128-1177, amino acids 1195-1240, or amino acids 1255-1315 of SEQ
ID NO: 8.

[0208] In another embodiment, a TeNT binding domain comprising a TeNT Hcc binding domain comprises a(34/(35 hairpin turn of a(3-trefoil domain of a TeNT Hcc binding domain or a(38/(39 hairpin turn of a(3-trefoil domain of a TeNT Hcc binding domain. In another aspect of this embodiment, a TeNT
binding domain comprising a TeNT Hcc binding domain comprises a modification of amino acids 1178-1194 or amino acids 1241-1254 of SEQ ID NO: 8.

[0209] In other aspects of this embodiment, a TeNT Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 1178-1194 or amino acids 1241-1254 of SEQ ID NO: 8, at least 75% amino acid identity with amino acids 1178-1194 or amino acids 1241-1254 of SEQ ID NO: 8, at least 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 1178-1194 or amino acids 1241-1254 of SEQ ID NO: 8, at least 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 1178-1194 or amino acids 1241-1254 of SEQ ID NO: 8, at least 90% amino acid identity with amino acids 1178-1194 or amino acids 1241-1254 of SEQ ID NO: 8 or at least 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 1178-1194 or amino acids 1241-1254 of SEQ ID NO: 8. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a TeNT Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 1178-1194 or amino acids 1241-1254 of SEQ ID NO: 8, at most 75% amino acid identity with amino acids 1178-1194 or amino acids 1241-1254 of SEQ ID NO: 8, at most 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 1178-1194 or amino acids 1241-1254 of SEQ ID NO: 8, at most 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 1178-1194 or amino acids 1241-1254 of SEQ ID NO: 8, at most 90% amino acid identity with amino acids 1178-1194 or amino acids 1241-1254 of SEQ ID NO: 8 or at most 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 1178-1194 or amino acids 1241-1254 of SEQ ID NO: 8.

[0210] In other aspects of this embodiment, a TeNT Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine or non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 1178-1194 or amino acids 1241-1254 of SEQ ID NO: 8. In other aspects of this embodiment, a TeNT Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine or 10 non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 1178-1194 or amino acids 1241-1254 of SEQ ID NO: 8. In other aspects of this embodiment, a non-contiguous amino acid substitution of any amino acid from amino acids 1178-1194 or amino acids 1241-1254 of SEQ ID NO: 8 can be replaced with glycine. In other aspects of this embodiment, a non-contiguous amino acid substitution of any hydrophobic amino acid from amino acids 1178-1194 or amino acids 1241-1254 of SEQ ID NO: 8 can be replaced with phenylalanine. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a TeNT Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine or 10 non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 1178-1194 or amino acids 1241-1254 of SEQ ID NO: 8. In other aspects of this embodiment, a TeNT
Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine or 10 non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 1178-1194 or amino acids 1241-1254 of SEQ ID NO: 8. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a TeNT Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine or 10 non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 1178-1194 or amino acids 1241-1254 of SEQ ID NO: 8. In other aspects of this embodiment, a TeNT Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine or 10 non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 1178-1194 or amino acids 1241-1254 of SEQ ID
NO: 8.

[0211] In other aspects of this embodiment, a TeNT Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine or 10 contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 1178-1194 or amino acids 1241-1254 of SEQ ID NO: 8. In other aspects of this embodiment, a TeNT Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine or 10 contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 1178-1194 or amino acids 1241-1254 of SEQ ID NO: 8. In other aspects of this embodiment, contiguous amino acid substitutions of amino acids from amino acids 1178-1194 or amino acids 1241-1254 of SEQ ID NO:
8 can be replaced with glycine. In other aspects of this embodiment, contiguous amino acid substitutions of hydrophobic amino acids from amino acids 1178-1194 or amino acids 1241-1254 of SEQ ID NO:
8 can be replaced with phenylalanine. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a TeNT Hcc binding domain comprising a 11-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine or 10 contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 1178-1194 or amino acids 1241-1254 of SEQ ID NO: 8. In other aspects of this embodiment, a TeNT Hcc binding domain comprising a 11-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine or 10 contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 1178-1194 or amino acids 1241-1254 of SEQ ID NO: 8. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a TeNT Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine or 10 contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 1178-1194 or amino acids 1241-1254 of SEQ ID NO: 8. In other aspects of this embodiment, a TeNT Hcc binding domain comprising a 11-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine or 10 contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 1178-1194 or amino acids 1241-1254 of SEQ ID NO: 8.

[0212] In other aspects of this embodiment, a TeNT Hcc binding domain comprises a substitution of amino acid Trp 1118, Gly 1119, Leu 1122, Tyr 1128, Tyr 1129, Gly 1172, Ile 1177, Asp 1194, Asp 1222, Thr 1270, Ser 1287, Trp 1289, Tyr 1290, His 1293, Gly 1300 or Trp 1303, or any combination thereof, the substitution enhancing the binding activity of the TeNT Hcc binding domain. In other aspects of this embodiment, a TeNT Hcc binding domain comprises a deletion of amino acid Trp 1118, Gly 1119, Leu 1122, Tyr 1128, Tyr 1129, Gly 1172, Ile 1177, Asp 1194, Asp 1222, Thr 1270, Ser 1287, Trp 1289, Tyr 1290, His 1293, Gly 1300 or Trp 1303, or any combination thereof, the deletion enhancing the binding activity of the TeNT Hcc binding domain.

[0213] In another embodiment, a binding domain comprises a BaNT binding domain. In an aspect of this embodiment, a BaNT binding domain comprises a BaNT Hc binding domain. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BaNT binding domain comprising a BaNT Hc binding domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 858-1268 of SEQ ID NO: 9, at least 75%
amino acid identity with amino acids 858-1268 of SEQ ID NO: 9, at least 80%
amino acid identity with amino acids 858-1268 of SEQ ID NO: 9, at least 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 858-1268 of SEQ ID NO: 9, at least 90% amino acid identity with amino acids 858-1268 of SEQ ID NO: 9 or at least 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 858-1268 of SEQ ID NO: 9. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a BaNT binding domain comprising a BaNT Hc binding domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 858-1268 of SEQ
ID NO: 9, at most 75%
amino acid identity with amino acids 858-1268 of SEQ ID NO: 9, at most 80%
amino acid identity with amino acids 858-1268 of SEQ ID NO: 9, at most 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 858-1268 of SEQ ID NO: 9, at most 90% amino acid identity with amino acids 858-1268 of SEQ
ID NO: 9 or at most 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 858-1268 of SEQ ID NO: 9.

[0214] In other aspects of this embodiment, a BaNT binding domain comprising a BaNT Hc binding domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100, or 200 non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 858-1268 of SEQ ID NO: 9. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BaNT binding domain comprising a BaNT Hc binding domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100 or 200 non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 858-1268 of SEQ ID NO: 9. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a BaNT binding domain comprising a BaNT Hc binding domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100 or 200 non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 858-1268 of SEQ ID NO: 9. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BaNT
binding domain comprising a BaNT Hc binding domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100 or 200 non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 858-1268 of SEQ ID NO: 9. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a BaNT
binding domain comprising a BaNT Hc binding domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100 or 200 non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 858-1268 of SEQ ID NO: 9. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BaNT binding domain comprising a BaNT Hc binding domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100 or 200 non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 858-1268 of SEQ ID NO: 9.

[0215] In other aspects of this embodiment, a BaNT binding domain comprising a BaNT Hc binding domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100 or 200 contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 858-1268 of SEQ ID NO: 9. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BaNT binding domain comprising a BaNT Hc binding domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100 or 200 contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 858-1268 of SEQ ID NO: 9. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a BaNT binding domain comprising a BaNT
Hc binding domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100 or 200 contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 858-1268 of SEQ ID NO: 9. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BaNT binding domain comprising a BaNT
Hc binding domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100 or 200 contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 858-1268 of SEQ ID NO: 9. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a BaNT
binding domain comprising a BaNT Hc binding domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100 or 200 contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 858-1268 of SEQ ID NO: 9. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BaNT binding domain comprising a BaNT Hc binding domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100 or 200 contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 858-1268 of SEQ ID NO: 9.

[0216] In another embodiment, a BaNT binding domain comprises a BaNT Hcc binding domain. In an aspect of this embodiment, a BaNT binding domain comprising a BaNT Hcc binding domain comprises a modification of amino acids 1128-1315 of SEQ ID NO: 8. In another aspect of this embodiment, a BaNT
binding domain comprising a BaNT Hcc binding domain comprises a a-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BaNT Hcc binding domain, a(3-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BaNT Hcc binding domain, or a y-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BaNT Hcc binding domain. In another aspect of this embodiment, a BaNT
binding domain comprising a BaNT Hcc binding domain comprises a modification to amino acids 1095-1142, amino acids 1162-1207, or amino acids 1216-1268 of SEQ ID NO: 9.

[0217] In other aspects of this embodiment, a BaNT Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 1095-1142, amino acids 1162-1207, or amino acids 1216-1268 of SEQ ID NO: 9, at least 75% amino acid identity with amino acids 1095-1142, amino acids 1162-1207, or amino acids 1216-1268 of SEQ ID NO:
9, at least 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 1095-1142, amino acids 1162-1207, or amino acids 1216-1268 of SEQ ID NO: 9, at least 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 1095-1142, amino acids 1162-1207, or amino acids 1216-1268 of SEQ ID NO: 9, at least 90% amino acid identity with amino acids 1095-1142, amino acids 1162-1207, or amino acids 1216-1268 of SEQ ID NO:
9 or at least 95%
amino acid identity with amino acids 1095-1142, amino acids 1162-1207, or amino acids 1216-1268 of SEQ ID NO: 9. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a BaNT Hcc binding domain comprising a 11-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 1095-1142, amino acids 1162-1207, or amino acids 1216-1268 of SEQ ID NO:
9, at most 75%
amino acid identity with amino acids 1095-1142, amino acids 1162-1207, or amino acids 1216-1268 of SEQ ID NO: 9, at most 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 1095-1142, amino acids 1162-1207, or amino acids 1216-1268 of SEQ ID NO: 9, at most 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 1095-1142, amino acids 1162-1207, or amino acids 1216-1268 of SEQ ID NO: 9, at most 90%
amino acid identity with amino acids 1095-1142, amino acids 1162-1207, or amino acids 1216-1268 of SEQ ID NO: 9 or at most 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 1095-1142, amino acids 1162-1207, or amino acids 1216-1268 of SEQ ID NO: 9.

[0218] In other aspects of this embodiment, a BaNT Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, or 20 non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 1095-1142, amino acids 1162-1207, or amino acids 1216-1268 of SEQ ID NO: 9. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BaNT Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 1095-1142, amino acids 1162-1207, or amino acids 1216-1268 of SEQ
ID NO: 9. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a BaNT Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 1095-1142, amino acids 1162-1207, or amino acids 1216-1268 of SEQ ID NO: 9. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BaNT Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 1095-1142, amino acids 1162-1207, or amino acids 1216-1268 of SEQ ID NO: 9. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a BaNT Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 1095-1142, amino acids 1162-1207, or amino acids 1216-1268 of SEQ ID NO: 9. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BaNT Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 1095-1142, amino acids 1162-1207, or amino acids 1216-1268 of SEQ ID NO: 9.

[0219] In other aspects of this embodiment, a BaNT Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, or 20 contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 1095-1142, amino acids 1162-1207, or amino acids 1216-1268 of SEQ ID NO: 9. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BaNT Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 1095-1142, amino acids 1162-1207, or amino acids 1216-1268 of SEQ ID NO: 9. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a BaNT Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 1095-1142, amino acids 1162-1207, or amino acids 1216-1268 of SEQ
ID NO: 9. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BaNT Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 1095-1142, amino acids 1162-1207, or amino acids 1216-1268 of SEQ ID NO: 9. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a BaNT Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 1095-1142, amino acids 1162-1207, or amino acids 1216-1268 of SEQ ID NO: 9. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BaNT Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 1095-1142, amino acids 1162-1207, or amino acids 1216-1268 of SEQ
ID NO: 9.

[0220] In another embodiment, a BaNT binding domain comprising a BaNT Hcc binding domain comprises a(34/(35 hairpin turn of a(3-trefoil domain of a BaNT Hcc binding domain or a(38/(39 hairpin turn of a(3-trefoil domain of a BaNT Hcc binding domain. In another aspect of this embodiment, a BaNT
binding domain comprising a BaNT Hcc binding domain comprises a modification of amino acids 1143-1161 or amino acids 1208-1215 of SEQ ID NO: 9.

[0221] In other aspects of this embodiment, a BaNT Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 1143-1161 or amino acids 1208-1215 of SEQ ID NO: 9, at least 75% amino acid identity with amino acids 1143-1161 or amino acids 1208-1215 of SEQ ID NO: 9, at least 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 1143-1161 or amino acids 1208-1215 of SEQ ID NO: 9, at least 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 1143-1161 or amino acids 1208-1215 of SEQ ID NO: 9, at least 90% amino acid identity with amino acids 1143-1161 or amino acids 1208-1215 of SEQ ID NO: 9 or at least 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 1143-1161 or amino acids 1208-1215 of SEQ ID NO: 9. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a BaNT Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 1143-1161 or amino acids 1208-1215 of SEQ ID NO: 9, at most 75% amino acid identity with amino acids 1143-1161 or amino acids 1208-1215 of SEQ ID NO: 9, at most 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 1143-1161 or amino acids 1208-1215 of SEQ ID NO: 9, at most 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 1143-1161 or amino acids 1208-1215 of SEQ ID NO: 9, at most 90% amino acid identity with amino acids 1143-1161 or amino acids 1208-1215 of SEQ ID NO: 9 or at most 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 1143-1161 or amino acids 1208-1215 of SEQ ID NO: 9.

[0222] In other aspects of this embodiment, a BaNT Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine or non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 1143-1161 or amino acids 1208-1215 of SEQ ID NO: 9. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BaNT Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine or 10 non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 1143-1161 or amino acids 1208-1215 of SEQ ID NO: 9. In other aspects of this embodiment, a non-contiguous amino acid substitution of any amino acid from amino acids 1143-1161 or amino acids 1208-1215 of SEQ ID NO: 9 can be replaced with glycine. In other aspects of this embodiment, a non-contiguous amino acid substitution of any hydrophobic amino acid from amino acids 1143-1161 or amino acids 1208-1215 of SEQ ID NO: 9 can be replaced with phenylalanine. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a BaNT Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine or 10 non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 1143-1161 or amino acids 1208-1215 of SEQ ID NO: 9. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BaNT
Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine or 10 non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 1143-1161 or amino acids 1208-1215 of SEQ ID NO: 9. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a BaNT Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine or 10 non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 1143-1161 or amino acids 1208-1215 of SEQ ID NO: 9. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BaNT Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine or 10 non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 1143-1161 or amino acids 1208-1215 of SEQ ID
NO: 9.

[0223] In other aspects of this embodiment, a BaNT Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine or 10 contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 1143-1161 or amino acids 1208-1215 of SEQ ID NO: 9. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BaNT Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine or 10 contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 1143-1161 or amino acids 1208-1215 of SEQ ID NO: 9. In other aspects of this embodiment, contiguous amino acid substitutions of amino acids from amino acids 1143-1161 or amino acids 1208-1215 of SEQ ID NO:
9 can be replaced with glycine. In other aspects of this embodiment, contiguous amino acid substitutions of hydrophobic amino acids from amino acids 1143-1161 or amino acids 1208-1215 of SEQ ID NO:
9 can be replaced with phenylalanine. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a BaNT Hcc binding domain comprising a 11-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine or 10 contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 1143-1161 or amino acids 1208-1215 of SEQ ID NO: 9. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BaNT Hcc binding domain comprising a 11-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine or 10 contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 1143-1161 or amino acids 1208-1215 of SEQ ID NO: 9. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a BaNT Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine or 10 contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 1143-1161 or amino acids 1208-1215 of SEQ ID NO: 9. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BaNT Hcc binding domain comprising a 11-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine or 10 contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 1143-1161 or amino acids 1208-1215 of SEQ ID NO: 9.

[0224] In other aspects of this embodiment, a BaNT Hcc binding domain comprises a substitution of amino acid Trp 1085, Gly 1086, Leu 1089, Tyr 1095, Tyr 1096, Gly 1137, Ile 1142, Asp 1161, Ile 1189, Phe 1231, Ser 1239, Trp 1241, Tyr 1242, Asn 1245, Gly 1254 or Trp 1257, or any combination thereof, the substitution enhancing the binding activity of the BaNT Hcc binding domain. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BaNT Hcc binding domain comprises a deletion of amino acid Trp 1085, Gly 1086, Leu 1089, Tyr 1095, Tyr 1096, Gly 1137, Ile 1142, Asp 1161, Ile 1189, Phe 1231, Ser 1239, Trp 1241, Tyr 1242, Asn 1245, Gly 1254 or Trp 1257, or any combination thereof, the deletion enhancing the binding activity of the BaNT Hcc binding domain.

[0225] In another embodiment, a binding domain comprises a BuNT binding domain. In an aspect of this embodiment, a BuNT binding domain comprises a BuNT Hc binding domain. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BuNT binding domain comprising a BuNT Hc binding domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 848-1251 of SEQ ID NO: 10, at least 75%
amino acid identity with amino acids 848-1251 of SEQ ID NO: 10, at least 80%
amino acid identity with amino acids 848-1251 of SEQ ID NO: 10, at least 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 848-1251 of SEQ ID NO: 10, at least 90% amino acid identity with amino acids 848-1251 of SEQ ID NO: 10 or at least 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 848-1251 of SEQ ID NO: 10. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a BuNT binding domain comprising a BuNT Hc binding domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 848-1251 of SEQ
ID NO: 10, at most 75%
amino acid identity with amino acids 848-1251 of SEQ ID NO: 10, at most 80%
amino acid identity with amino acids 848-1251 of SEQ ID NO: 10, at most 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 848-1251 of SEQ ID NO: 10, at most 90% amino acid identity with amino acids 848-1251 of SEQ ID NO: 10 or at most 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 848-1251 of SEQ ID NO: 10.

[0226] In other aspects of this embodiment, a BuNT binding domain comprising a BuNT Hc binding domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100, or 200 non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 848-1251 of SEQ ID NO: 10. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BuNT binding domain comprising a BuNT Hc binding domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100 or 200 non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 848-1251 of SEQ ID NO: 10. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a BuNT binding domain comprising a BuNT Hc binding domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100 or 200 non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 848-1251 of SEQ ID NO: 10. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BuNT
binding domain comprising a BuNT Hc binding domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100 or 200 non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 848-1251 of SEQ ID NO: 10. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a BuNT
binding domain comprising a BuNT Hc binding domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100 or 200 non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 848-1251 of SEQ ID NO: 10. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BuNT binding domain comprising a BuNT Hc binding domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100 or 200 non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 848-1251 of SEQ ID NO: 10.

[0227] In other aspects of this embodiment, a BuNT binding domain comprising a BuNT Hc binding domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100 or 200 contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 848-1251 of SEQ ID NO: 10. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BuNT binding domain comprising a BuNT Hc binding domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100 or 200 contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 848-1251 of SEQ ID NO: 10. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a BuNT binding domain comprising a BuNT
Hc binding domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100 or 200 contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 848-1251 of SEQ ID NO: 10. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BuNT binding domain comprising a BuNT Hc binding domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100 or 200 contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 848-1251 of SEQ ID NO: 10. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a BuNT
binding domain comprising a BuNT Hc binding domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100 or 200 contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 848-1251 of SEQ ID NO: 10. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BuNT binding domain comprising a BuNT Hc binding domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 20, 30, 40 , 50, 100 or 200 contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 848-1251 of SEQ ID NO: 10.

[0228] In another embodiment, a BuNT binding domain comprises a BuNT Hcc binding domain. In an aspect of this embodiment, a BuNT binding domain comprising a BuNT Hcc binding domain comprises a modification of amino acids 1128-1315 of SEQ ID NO: 8. In another aspect of this embodiment, a BuNT
binding domain comprising a BuNT Hcc binding domain comprises a a-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BuNT Hcc binding domain, a(3-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BuNT Hcc binding domain, or a y-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BuNT Hcc binding domain. In another aspect of this embodiment, a BuNT
binding domain comprising a BuNT Hcc binding domain comprises a modification to amino acids 1086-1129, amino acids 1147-1190, or amino acids 1198-1251 of SEQ ID NO: 10.

[0229] In other aspects of this embodiment, a BuNT Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 1086-1129, amino acids 1147-1190, or amino acids 1198-1251 of SEQ ID NO: 10, at least 75% amino acid identity with amino acids 1086-1129, amino acids 1147-1190, or amino acids 1198-1251 of SEQ ID NO:
10, at least 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 1086-1129, amino acids 1147-1190, or amino acids 1198-1251 of SEQ ID NO: 10, at least 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 1086-1129, amino acids 1147-1190, or amino acids 1198-1251 of SEQ ID NO: 10, at least 90% amino acid identity with amino acids 1086-1129, amino acids 1147-1190, or amino acids 1198-1251 of SEQ ID NO:
10 or at least 95%
amino acid identity with amino acids 1086-1129, amino acids 1147-1190, or amino acids 1198-1251 of SEQ ID NO: 10. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a BuNT Hcc binding domain comprising a 11-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 1086-1129, amino acids 1147-1190, or amino acids 1198-1251 of SEQ ID NO:
10, at most 75%
amino acid identity with amino acids 1086-1129, amino acids 1147-1190, or amino acids 1198-1251 of SEQ ID NO: 10, at most 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 1086-1129, amino acids 1147-1190, or amino acids 1198-1251 of SEQ ID NO: 10, at most 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 1086-1129, amino acids 1147-1190, or amino acids 1198-1251 of SEQ ID NO: 10, at most 90%
amino acid identity with amino acids 1086-1129, amino acids 1147-1190, or amino acids 1198-1251 of SEQ ID NO: 10 or at most 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 1086-1129, amino acids 1147-1190, or amino acids 1198-1251 of SEQ ID NO: 10.

[0230] In other aspects of this embodiment, a BuNT Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, or 20 non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 1086-1129, amino acids 1147-1190, or amino acids 1198-1251 of SEQ ID NO: 10. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BuNT Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 1086-1129, amino acids 1147-1190, or amino acids 1198-1251 of SEQ
ID NO: 10. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a BuNT Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 1086-1129, amino acids 1147-1190, or amino acids 1198-1251 of SEQ ID NO: 10. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BuNT Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 1086-1129, amino acids 1147-1190, or amino acids 1198-1251 of SEQ ID NO: 10.
In still other aspects of this embodiment, a BuNT Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 1086-1129, amino acids 1147-1190, or amino acids 1198-1251 of SEQ ID NO: 10. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BuNT
Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 1086-1129, amino acids 1147-1190, or amino acids 1198-1251 of SEQ ID NO: 10.

[0231] In other aspects of this embodiment, a BuNT Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, or 20 contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 1086-1129, amino acids 1147-1190, or amino acids 1198-1251 of SEQ ID NO: 10. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BuNT Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 1086-1129, amino acids 1147-1190, or amino acids 1198-1251 of SEQ ID NO: 10.
In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a BuNT Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 1086-1129, amino acids 1147-1190, or amino acids 1198-1251 of SEQ ID NO: 10. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BuNT Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 1086-1129, amino acids 1147-1190, or amino acids 1198-1251 of SEQ ID NO: 10. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a BuNT Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 1086-1129, amino acids 1147-1190, or amino acids 1198-1251 of SEQ ID NO: 10. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BuNT Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 1086-1129, amino acids 1147-1190, or amino acids 1198-1251 of SEQ ID NO: 10.

[0232] In another embodiment, a BuNT binding domain comprising a BuNT Hcc binding domain comprises a(34/(35 hairpin turn of a(3-trefoil domain of a BuNT Hcc binding domain or a(38/(39 hairpin turn of a(3-trefoil domain of a BuNT Hcc binding domain. In another aspect of this embodiment, a BuNT
binding domain comprising a BuNT Hcc binding domain comprises a modification of amino acids 1130-1146 or amino acids 1191-1197 of SEQ ID NO: 10.

[0233] In other aspects of this embodiment, a BuNT Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 1130-1146 or amino acids 1191-1197 of SEQ ID NO: 10, at least 75% amino acid identity with amino acids 1130-1146 or amino acids 1191-1197 of SEQ ID NO: 10, at least 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 1130-1146 or amino acids 1191-1197 of SEQ ID NO: 10, at least 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 1130-1146 or amino acids 1191-1197 of SEQ ID NO: 10, at least 90%
amino acid identity with amino acids 1130-1146 or amino acids 1191-1197 of SEQ ID NO: 10 or at least 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 1130-1146 or amino acids 1191-1197 of SEQ ID NO: 10.
In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a BuNT Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 1130-1146 or amino acids 1191-1197 of SEQ ID NO: 10, at most 75% amino acid identity with amino acids 1130-1146 or amino acids 1191-1197 of SEQ ID NO: 10, at most 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 1130-1146 or amino acids 1191-1197 of SEQ ID NO: 10, at most 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 1130-1146 or amino acids 1191-1197 of SEQ ID NO: 10, at most 90% amino acid identity with amino acids 1130-1146 or amino acids 1191-1197 of SEQ ID NO: 10 or at most 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 1130-1146 or amino acids 1191-1197 of SEQ ID NO: 10.

[0234] In other aspects of this embodiment, a BuNT Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine or non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 1130-1146 or amino acids 1191-1197 of SEQ ID NO: 10. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BuNT Hcc binding domain comprising a 11-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine or 10 non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 1130-1146 or amino acids 1191-1197 of SEQ ID NO: 10. In other aspects of this embodiment, a non-contiguous amino acid substitution of any amino acid from amino acids 1130-1146 or amino acids 1191-1197 of SEQ ID NO: 10 can be replaced with glycine. In other aspects of this embodiment, a non-contiguous amino acid substitution of any hydrophobic amino acid from amino acids 1130-1146 or amino acids 1191-1197 of SEQ ID NO: 10 can be replaced with phenylalanine. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a BuNT
Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine or 10 non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 1130-1146 or amino acids 1191-1197 of SEQ ID NO: 10. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BuNT Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine or 10 non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 1130-1146 or amino acids 1191-1197 of SEQ ID NO: 10. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a BuNT Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine or 10 non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 1130-1146 or amino acids 1191-1197 of SEQ ID
NO: 10. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BuNT Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine or 10 non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 1130-1146 or amino acids 1191-1197 of SEQ ID NO: 10.

[0235] In other aspects of this embodiment, a BuNT Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine or 10 contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 1130-1146 or amino acids 1191-1197 of SEQ ID NO: 10. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BuNT Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine or 10 contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 1130-1146 or amino acids 1191-1197 of SEQ ID NO: 10. In other aspects of this embodiment, contiguous amino acid substitutions of amino acids from amino acids 1130-1146 or amino acids 1191-1197 of SEQ ID NO:
10 can be replaced with glycine. In other aspects of this embodiment, contiguous amino acid substitutions of hydrophobic amino acids from amino acids 1130-1146 or amino acids 1191-1197 of SEQ ID NO:
10 can be replaced with phenylalanine. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a BuNT Hcc binding domain comprising a 11-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine or 10 contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 1130-1146 or amino acids 1191-1197 of SEQ ID NO: 10. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BuNT Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine or 10 contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 1130-1146 or amino acids 1191-1197 of SEQ ID NO: 10. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a BuNT Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine or 10 contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 1130-1146 or amino acids 1191-1197 of SEQ ID NO: 10. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BuNT
Hcc binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil fold domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine or 10 contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 1130-1146 or amino acids 1191-1197 of SEQ ID NO: 10.

[0236] In other aspects of this embodiment, a BuNT Hcc binding domain comprises a substitution of amino acid Trp 1076, Gly 1077, Leu 1080, Tyr 1086, Tyr 1087, Gly 1124, Ile 1129, Asp 1146, Glu 1172, Phe 1213, Ser 1221, Trp 1223, Tyr 1224, His 1227, Gly 1236 or Trp 1239, or any combination thereof, the substitution enhancing the binding activity of the BuNT Hcc binding domain. In other aspects of this embodiment, a BuNT Hcc binding domain comprises a deletion of amino acid Trp 1085, Gly 1086, Leu 1089, Trp 1076, Gly 1077, Leu 1080, Tyr 1086, Tyr 1087, Gly 1124, Ile 1129, Asp 1146, Glu 1172, Phe 1213, Ser 1221, Trp 1223, Tyr 1224, His 1227, Gly 1236 or Trp 1239, or any combination thereof, the deletion enhancing the binding activity of the BuNT Hcc binding domain.

[0237] Another example of a binding domain, includes, without limitation, a Clostridial toxin non-toxin associated protein, such as, e.g., non-toxic non-hemagglutinin (NTNH), hemagglutinin-17 (HA-17), hemagglutinin-33 (HA-33) and hemagglutinin-70 (HA-70). In vivo, Clostridial bacteria produce a toxin complex comprising the approximately 150-kDa Clostridial toxin and other proteins collectively called nontoxin associated proteins (NAPs). Identified NAPs include proteins possessing hemaglutination activity, such, e.g., a hemagglutinin of approximately 17-kDa (HA-17), a hemagglutinin of approximately 33-kDa (HA-33) and a hemagglutinin of approximately 70-kDa (HA-70); as well as non-toxic non-hemagglutinin (NTNH), a protein of approximately 130-kDa, see, e.g., Eric A.
Johnson and Marite Bradshaw, Clostridial botulinum and its Neurotoxins: A Metabolic and Cellular Perspective, 39 Toxicon 1703-1722 (2001); and Stephanie Raffestin et al., Organization and Regulation of the Neurotoxin Genes in Clostridium botulinum and Clostridium tetani, 10 Anaerobe 93-100 (2004).
The toxin complex is important for the intoxication process because it provides protection from adverse environmental conditions, resistance to protease digestion, and appears to facilitate internalization and activation of the toxin.

[0238] Recent crystallography experiments have revealed that HA-17, HA-33 and NTNH from various Clostridial bacteria contain a region comprising f3-trefoil domains very similar to the single f3-trefoil domain present in the binding domain of Clostridial toxins, see, e.g., Kaoru Inoue et al., Structural Analysis byX-Ray Crystallography and Calorimetry of a Haemagglutinin Component (HA1) of the Progenitor Toxin from Clostridium botulinum, 149 Microbiol. 3361-3370 (2003); and Joseph W. Arndt et al., The Structure of the Neurotoxin-Associated Protein HA33/A from Clostridial botulinum Suggests a Reoccurring 13-trefoil Fold in the Progenitor Toxin Complex, 346 J. Mol. Biol. 1083-1093 (2005). For example, HA-33 from Clostridium botulinum serotype A has two f3-trefoil domains, each of which consists of three potential carbohydrate binding moieties or f3-trefoil folds, designated 1 a (amino acids 10-55 of SEQ
ID NO: 11), 1 f3 (amino acids 56-102 of SEQ ID NO: 11) and 1 y (amino acids 103-144 of SEQ ID NO: 11) for the first f3-trefoil domain and 2a (amino acids 151-197 of SEQ ID NO: 11), 2f3 (amino acids 198-245 of SEQ
ID NO: 11) and 2y (amino acids 246-293 of SEQ ID NO: 11) for the second f3-trefoil domain.
Mutations in conserved amino acids of the carbohydrate binding moiety result in a loss of carbohydrate binding, see, e.g., Kaoru Inoue et al., Structural Analysis by X-Ray Crystallography and Calorimetry of a Haemagglutinin Component (HA1) of the Progenitor Toxin from Clostridium botulinum, 149 Microbiol. 3361-3370 (2003).

.......................................
...............................................................................
.....................
e:::3::>::: =Ã~eft~i:[:dtarri:afri:s:::af::~l:ast :Ta~~ r~c~ia~::HiR=33:P~at :>:::>:::>:::>:::>:::>:::>:::>:::>:::>:::>:::>:::>:::>:::>::::>::::::>::::::>::
::::>::::::>::::::>::::::>::::::>::::::>::::::>:::
P : : : : : : : : : : : : : : :
ri>:<:~ i~ti~s Arrii:ria:~~i~[:5~ :: ~ e>:<:i~~i:::ta~ ~ a :r~ati :ÃI:r at e B. ] r~c]i: M
:>::
q ti~.: : :e~~: : :~:: : : : : : : : ~: : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : ~ : :
: : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : ~::::: : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : :
: : : : :
e ........... ..................................
................................. ..................................
.................................. ..................................
E :::::>::::>::::::>::::>:::>.:>.
.`::::>::::>::::>:::::::::>::::>::::>::::>::::>::::>::::>::::>::::>::::>::::>::
::::>::::>::::>' :.::: ::::::::::::
~::>::>::> ::>::>::>:;:;.:>::;:>:: ::>::>::::>::::>:::::::>::::>::::>:
~::>::>::> ::>::>::>:;::>:_>:.>:: :>;::::>::::>::::>
N d :: ;:: :;::::>::::>::::> : :............ ...... ............. ......... .
..
.~:::::::..:::::::::... . . . .;:.
;::::::.:,,,,,,,: ,,,,,,,,1.:f~ld,,,::>::>::>::..;:.;:.;:..::::.. f Y,,,,:
har~ i:au:rn::::::>::::>::::>::::>::::>::::>::::>::::>::::>::::>::::>:::::.
=~a~r ::::::>::: ,,,,,,>:>:>:>:
> ~ ,,,,,,,,, ,,,,,, ,,,,,,,,,,, [0239] These f3-trefoil domains are also found in the HA-33 proteins produced by Clostridium botulinum serotype B, serotype Cl and serotype D and sequence alignments revealed that amino acids essential for overall carbohydrate binding are conserved. The amino acids predicted to be essential for carbohydrate binding are as follows Asp 263, Tyr 265, Gln 268, Gln 276, Phe 278 and Gln 286 of HA-33/Al of SEQ ID NO: 11, HA-33/A2 of SEQ ID NO: 12, HA-33/A3 of SEQ ID NO: 13, HA-33/A5 of SEQ
ID NO: 14 and HA-33/B2 of SEQ ID NO: 15; Asp 264, Tyr 266, Gln 269, Gln 277, Phe 279 and Gln 287 of HA-33/A4 of SEQ ID NO: 14; Asp 262, Tyr 264, Gln 267, Gln 275, Phe 277 and Gln 285 of HA-33/B1 of SEQ ID NO: 16; Asp 255, Val 257, Gly 260, Gln 268, Typ 270 and Gln 278 of HA-33/C1 of SEQ ID NO:
18; and Asp 256, Tyr 258, Gln 261, Ile 269, Asp 271 and Gln 279 of HA-33/C2 of SEQ ID NO: 19 and HA-33/D of SEQ ID NO: 20. Immunoaffinity column chromatography and pull-down assays have shown that HA-33 can bind synaptotagmin II, a putative Clostridial toxin receptor, see, e.g., Yu Zhou et al., Haemagglutinin-33 of Type Q Botulinum Neurotoxin Complex Binds with Synaptotagmin ll, 272 FEBS
Lett. 2717-2726 (2005). The amino acid sequences comprising the f3-trefoil domains found in various Clostridial HA-33 proteins are shown in Tables 3 and 4.

.......................................
...............................................................................
.....................
Ta~~~::4:;>::: ~
=~~f4i:C::~~rri~r~:s~sf::~l:ost:ri~ia~::HA=3:~:a~~~ii~:>:::>:::>:::>:::>:::>:::
>:::>:::>:::>:::>:::>:::>:::>:::>:::>::::::>::::::>::::::>::::::>::::::>::::::>
::::::>::::::>::::::>:::
: : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : :
abot~~:~Irati::8ir~di:r~~::::M:;~~ieti:~s::>:::::>::
;:.;:. :; :;~ttrt~:SÃt uet~~f~e: :iat~:t~t'G :r ;. Amino .
~.::::,,,,:::: J ::::::::::::::Y,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,::::,,,,,,, .::::::::::::::::::::::::::::
:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::
::::::::::::::::
~ ........... ..................................
................................. ..................................
.................................. ..................................
:
:::>::::> ::::>:::>:::>:::>::: :`:>::::>::
' :::> ::::::>::::::::>:::::>::::::>:

:> ::::::::>: >:: >:::::::>:::::::: ...:
:;.;:::>:>::>::>2~3::ft~[~1:::::>::::>:::::::>:;:
:.:>::>::>:>:;:::::>::>::>::>::2:.
13g#~1a1::::tU1'Ct:::::;:::;:::;:::; ::::::>::::>::::>::::>::::>::::: ~3afY
:rtl:a ~:::::::::::::::.

[0240] Further analysis of the f3-trefoil domain sequence of HA-33 also identified f3-trefoil domains in HA-17 and NTNH, see, e.g., Joseph W. Arndt et al., The Structure of the Neurotoxin-Associated Protein HA33/A from Clostridial botulinum Suggests a Reoccurring 13-trefoil Fold in the Progenitor Toxin Complex, 346 J. Mol. Biol. 1083-1093 (2005). The HA-17 comprises a single f3-trefoil domain containing three carbohydrate binding moieties or f3-trefoil folds. The carbohydrate binding moieties of HA-17 exhibits the greatest sequence similarity with the 2y carbohydrate binding moiety of HA-33.
These f3-trefoil domains are also found in the HA-17 proteins produced by Clostridium botulinum serotype B, serotype C1 and serotype D and sequence alignments revealed that amino acids essential for overall carbohydrate binding are conserved. The amino acids predicted to be essential for carbohydrate binding are as follows Tyr 110, Typ 112, Tyr 115, Pro 130, Phe 132 and Asn 138 of HA-17/A of SEQ ID NO:
21, HA-17/B of SEQ ID
NO: 22, HA-17/C1 of SEQ ID NO: 23 and HA-17/D of SEQ ID NO: 24. The amino acid sequences comprising the f3-trefoil domains found in various Clostridial HA-17 proteins are shown in Table 5.

.......................................................................
...............................................................................
.....................
Ta~~e::~::>::R:~t~ef;r~iC:::~~iirri:airi:~::::G1:;
~trfc~i::HA~1:7::F~~~t::>:::>:::>:::>:::>:::>:::>::::>::::::>::::::>::::::>::::
::>::::::>::::::>::::::>::::::>::::::>::::::>::::::>::::::>::::::>::::::>::::::
>::::::>::::::>::
,,,, ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, s t*~t~~eR~' r~t~:>~a:e~ati<::': :r~te::Btr~cti:n' ::::~14iÃtties::>:::::>:::
q .. : : : : ,,,,,,,: : g.: : ,,,,,,,,: ,,,,,,,,: 1: ,,,,,,,,,,,,,.
~.,,,,,,,,,,,,,: : : : : ,,,,,,,: : : : : : : .
F~~~t~i:n::::>:::: Sa=
a~~:::::::::::::>::::::::>::::::::>::::::::>::::::::>::::::::> : :: ::
:>:>::::>::::::>::::::> :>::;_<: :< :
~ . , .,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,: : : : : : : .: : : : : : : : : :
>:;::>: >: >:>:>:>:>: :>:>:>:>:>:>:>: >:;:> :
~. , ::::::::::::: :. ,,,,,,,.Q.:::.~.::::::::::::..:::::::::. ..:
a::fal~l::::::>::::::> :: ::>::>;:.;::: [~-f~ld::>::>::>::> .:>: :x:::::: :.-fold:>::>::>.
............................. Y,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.
:#I1::fuf`t113a##I:C1::au:C#1::
::::: ~:::::::::::::::. ~~::::::::::

[0241] NTNH from various Clostridial bacteria shows significant sequence similarity to the f3-trefoil domains present in the cell binding domain of BoNT/A and TeNT. The high degree of structural similarity is interesting in light of the low sequence similarity between NTNH and the Clostridial toxins.
Furthermore, since NTNH of the various serotypes have greater sequence similarity than the Clostridial toxins, it is likely that the NTNH produced by other Clostridial strains will also have f3-trefoil domains exhibiting high structural similarity with the binding domains of Clostridial toxins. The f3-trefoil domains of various Clostridial NTNHs are as follows: amino acids 1050-1193 of NTNH/A1 of SEQ ID NO: 25; amino acids 1050-1198 of NTNH/A2 of SEQ ID NO: 26; amino acids 1050-1193 of NTNH/A3 of SEQ ID NO: 27;
amino acids 1049-1197 of NTNH/B of SEQ ID NO: 28; amino acids 1049-1196 of NTNH/C1 of SEQ ID
NO: 29; amino acids 1049-1196 of NTNH/D of SEQ ID NO: 30; amino acids 1014-1162 of NTNH/E of SEQ ID NO: 30; amino acids 1016-1159 of NTNH/F1 of SEQ ID NO: 32; amino acids 1017-1165 of NTNH/F2 of SEQ ID NO: 33; and amino acids 1050-1198 of NTNH/G of SEQ ID NO:
34. The amino acid sequences comprising the f3-trefoil domains found in various Clostridial NTNH
proteins are shown in Table 6.

.......................................................................
...............................................................................
.....................
Ta~~e::B4, ef;r~iC:::~~iirri:aii~f::Cl:; ~Ãi~ic~i:a~:::N:T~iH::l~~~i ~::>:::>:::>:::>:::>:::>:::>:::>::::::>::::::>::::::>::::::>::::::>::::::>:::::
:>::::::>::::::>::::::>::::::>::::::>::::::>::::::>::::::>::::::>::::::>::::
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, Am:i:nal~eids~ ~~~~eR~' r~~:~ae~a~i<::': :rafe:B]r~c~i:n' ::::~14iÃ~tiies:>:::::>:::
q ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.1: ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.
~.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.
P.at~i:ri::::>:::: : :: :>:>::::>::::::>::::::> :> > : :< :
, ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,: : : : : : : .: : : : : : : : : :
>:;::>: >: >:>:>:>:>: :>:>:>:>:>:>:>: >:;:> :
~. , ::::::::::::: :. ,,,,,,,.Q.:::.~.::::::::::::..:::::::::. ..:
:fal~l::::::>::::::> :.:>:::>:: ::>::>;:.;::: [~-fld::>::>::>::> .:>: :x::::::
:.-fld:>::>::>.
............................. Y,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.
.~3~:fY' #I1::fuf`t113a## I:C1::au:C#1::
:::::::::::::~::::::::::

[0242] The f3-trefoil domains present in the Clostridial toxin, HA-33, HA-17 and NTNH collectively form nearly half the mass of a Clostridial toxin complex and underlies the apparent importance of carbohydrate binding in the cell binding step of the intoxication process. This observation is further enhanced by the fact that a Clostridial toxin alone is not as effective in intoxicating a cell as the entire toxin complex. One potential explanation for this enhanced binding activity is the presence, both in type and in quantity, of the f3-trefoil domains present in HA-33, HA-17 and NTNH. Therefore, the high prediction of structural similarity of the f3-trefoil domains present in HA-33, HA-17 and NTNH relative to the f3-trefoil domain found in Clostridial toxins provides a potential source of binding domains useful for developing multivalent Clostridial toxins. As a non-limiting example, a carbohydrate binding moiety or a f3-trefoil fold from HA-33, HA-17 or NTNH can be substituted for the naturally occurring carbohydrate binding moiety present in a Clostridial toxin. As another non-limiting example, a carbohydrate binding moiety or a f3-trefoil fold from HA-33, HA-17 or NTNH can be added in addition to the naturally occurring carbohydrate binding moiety present in a Clostridial toxin. As yet another non-limiting example, a multiple carbohydrate binding moieties or a f3-trefoil folds from HA-33, HA-17 or NTNH can be substituted for the naturally occurring carbohydrate binding moiety present in a Clostridial toxin. As still another non-limiting example, multiple carbohydrate binding moieties or a f3-trefoil folds from HA-33, HA-17 or NTNH
can be added in addition to the naturally occurring carbohydrate binding moiety present in a Clostridial toxin. As another non-limiting example, multiple carbohydrate binding moieties or a f3-trefoil folds from a Clostridial toxin binding domain can be added in addition to the naturally occurring carbohydrate binding moiety present in a Clostridial toxi n .

[0243] As used herein, the term "Non-toxin Associated Protein" is synonymous with "NAP" and means a Clostridial NAP with selective binding activity, such as, e.g., a binding affinity or a binding specificity, for a Clostridial toxin receptor. It is envisioned that both naturally occurring NAPs as well as non-naturally occurring NAPs can be used as a binding domain. A Clostridial NAP includes, without limitation, naturally occurring Clostridial NAP variants, such as, e.g., Clostridial NAP isoforms and Clostridial NAP subtypes;
non-naturally occurring Clostridial NAP variants, such as, e.g., conservative Clostridial NAP variants, non-conservative Clostridial NAP variants, Clostridial NAP chimerics, active Clostridial NAP fragments thereof, or any combination thereof.

[0244] As used herein, the term "Clostridial NAP variant," whether naturally-occurring or non-naturally-occurring, means a Clostridial NAP that has at least one amino acid change from the corresponding region of the disclosed reference sequences (see Tables 3-6) and can be described in percent identity to the corresponding region of that reference sequence. Unless expressly indicated, all Clostridial NAP
variants disclosed in the present specification are capable of executing the cell binding step of the intoxication process.

[0245] It is recognized by those of skill in the art that within each Clostridial bacterium there can be naturally occurring Clostridial NAP variants that differ somewhat in their amino acid sequence, and also in the nucleic acids encoding these proteins. For example, there are presently five BoNT/A HA-33 variants, HA-33/A1, HA-33/A2, HA-33/A3, HA-33/A4 and HA-33/A5 (Tables 3 and 4), with specific HA-33 variants showing various degrees of amino acid divergence when compared to another HA-33 variant. As another example, there are presently three BoNT/A NTNH-33 variants, NTNH/A1, NTNH/A2 and NTNH/A3 (Table 6), with specific NTNH variant showing various degrees of amino acid divergence when compared to another NTNH variant. As used herein, the term "naturally occurring Clostridial NAP variant"
means any Clostridial NAP produced by a naturally-occurring process, including, without limitation, Clostridial NAP isoforms produced from alternatively-spliced transcripts, Clostridial NAP isoforms produced by spontaneous mutation and Clostridial NAP subtypes. A naturally occurring Clostridial NAP
variant can function in substantially the same manner as the reference Clostridial NAP on which the naturally occurring Clostridial NAP variant is based, and can be substituted for the reference Clostridial NAP in any aspect of the present invention. A naturally occurring Clostridial NAP variant may substitute one or more amino acids, two or more amino acids, three or more amino acids, four or more amino acids, five or more amino acids, ten or more amino acids, 20 or more amino acids, 30 or more amino acids, 40 or more amino acids, 50 or more amino acids or 100 or more amino acids from the reference Clostridial NAP on which the naturally occurring Clostridial NAP variant is based. A
naturally occurring Clostridial NAP variant can also substitute at least 10 contiguous amino acids, at least 15 contiguous amino acids, at least 20 contiguous amino acids, or at least 25 contiguous amino acids from the reference Clostridial NAP on which the naturally occurring Clostridial NAP variant is based, that possess at least 50% amino acid identity, 65% amino acid identity, 75% amino acid identity, 85% amino acid identity or 95% amino acid identity to the reference Clostridial NAP on which the naturally occurring Clostridial NAP variant is based.

[0246] A non-limiting examples of a naturally occurring Clostridial NAP
variant is a Clostridial NAP
isoform such as, e.g., a BoNT/A HA-33 isoform, a Clostridial botulinum serotype B HA-33 isoform, a Clostridial botulinum serotype Cl HA-33 isoform, a Clostridial botulinum serotype D HA-33 isoform, a BoNT/A HA-17 isoform, a Clostridial botulinum serotype B HA-17 isoform, a Clostridial botulinum serotype Cl HA-17 isoform, a Clostridial botulinum serotype D HA-17 isoform, a BoNT/A NTNH isoform, a Clostridial botulinum serotype B NTNH isoform, a Clostridial botulinum serotype Cl NTNH isoform, a Clostridial botulinum serotype D NTNH isoform, a Clostridial botulinum serotype E NTNH isoform, a Clostridial botulinum serotype F NTNH isoform and a Clostridial botulinum serotype G NTNH isoform. A
Clostridial NAP isoform can function in substantially the same manner as the reference Clostridial NAP
on which the Clostridial NAP isoform is based, and can be substituted for the reference Clostridial NAP in any aspect of the present invention.

[0247] Another non-limiting examples of a naturally occurring Clostridial NAP
variant is a Clostridial NAP
subtype such as, e.g., a BoNT/A HA-33 subtype, a Clostridial botulinum serotype B HA-33 subtype, a Clostridial botulinum serotype C1 HA-33 subtype, a Clostridial botulinum serotype D HA-33 subtype, a BoNT/A HA-17 subtype, a Clostridial botulinum serotype B HA-17 subtype, a Clostridial botulinum serotype C1 HA-17 subtype, a Clostridial botulinum serotype D HA-17 subtype, a BoNT/A NTNH subtype, a Clostridial botulinum serotype B NTNH subtype, a Clostridial botulinum serotype C1 NTNH subtype, a Clostridial botulinum serotype D NTNH subtype, a Clostridial botulinum serotype E NTNH subtype, a Clostridial botulinum serotype F NTNH subtype and a Clostridial botulinum serotype G NTNH subtype. A
Clostridial NAP subtype can function in substantially the same manner as the reference Clostridial NAP
on which the Clostridial NAP subtype is based, and can be substituted for the reference Clostridial NAP in any aspect of the present invention.

[0248] As used herein, the term "non-naturally occurring Clostridial NAP
variant" means any Clostridial NAP produced with the aid of human manipulation, including, without limitation, Clostridial NAPs produced by genetic engineering using random mutagenesis or rational design and Clostridial NAPs produced by chemical synthesis. Non-limiting examples of non-naturally occurring Clostridial NAP
variants include, e.g., conservative Clostridial NAP variants, non-conservative Clostridial NAP variants, Clostridial NAP chimeric variants and active Clostridial NAP fragments.

[0249] As used herein, the term "conservative Clostridial NAP variant" means a Clostridial NAP that has at least one amino acid substituted by another amino acid or an amino acid analog that has at least one property similar to that of the original amino acid from the reference Clostridial NAP sequence (see Tables 3-6). Examples of properties include, without limitation, similar size, topography, charge, hydrophobicity, hydrophilicity, lipophilicity, covalent-bonding capacity, hydrogen-bonding capacity, a physicochemical property, of the like, or any combination thereof. A
conservative Clostridial NAP variant can function in substantially the same manner as the reference Clostridial NAP
on which the conservative Clostridial NAP variant is based, and can be substituted for the reference Clostridial NAP in any aspect of the present invention. A conservative Clostridial NAP variant may substitute one or more amino acids, two or more amino acids, three or more amino acids, four or more amino acids, five or more amino acids, ten or more amino acids, 20 or more amino acids, 30 or more amino acids, 40 or more amino acids or 50 or more amino acids from the reference Clostridial NAP on which the conservative Clostridial NAP variant is based. A conservative Clostridial NAP variant can also substitute at least 10 contiguous amino acids, at least 15 contiguous amino acids, at least 20 contiguous amino acids, or at least 25 contiguous amino acids from the reference Clostridial NAP on which the conservative Clostridial NAP variant is based, that possess at least 50% amino acid identity, 65% amino acid identity, 75% amino acid identity, 85% amino acid identity or 95% amino acid identity to the reference Clostridial NAP on which the conservative Clostridial NAP variant is based. Non-limiting examples of a conservative Clostridial NAP variant include, e.g., a conservative BoNT/A HA-33 variant, a conservative Clostridial botulinum serotype B HA-33 variant, a conservative Clostridial botulinum serotype Cl HA-33 variant, a conservative Clostridial botulinum serotype D HA-33 variant, a conservative BoNT/A HA-17 variant, a conservative Clostridial botulinum serotype B HA-17 variant, a conservative Clostridial botulinum serotype Cl HA-17 variant, a conservative Clostridial botulinum serotype D HA-17 variant, a conservative BoNT/A NTNH variant, a conservative Clostridial botulinum serotype B NTNH variant, a conservative Clostridial botulinum serotype Cl NTNH variant, a conservative Clostridial botulinum serotype D NTNH variant, a conservative Clostridial botulinum serotype E NTNH variant, a conservative Clostridial botulinum serotype F NTNH
variant and a conservative Clostridial botulinum serotype G NTNH variant.

[0250] As used herein, the term "non-conservative Clostridial NAP variant"
means a Clostridial NAP in which 1) at least one amino acid is deleted from the reference Clostridial NAP
on which the non-conservative Clostridial NAP variant is based; 2) at least one amino acid added to the reference Clostridial NAP on which the non-conservative Clostridial NAP is based; or 3) at least one amino acid is substituted by another amino acid or an amino acid analog that does not share any property similar to that of the original amino acid from the reference Clostridial NAP sequence (see Tables 3-6). A non-conservative Clostridial NAP variant can function in substantially the same manner as the reference Clostridial NAP on which the non-conservative Clostridial NAP variant is based, and can be substituted for the reference Clostridial NAP in any aspect of the present invention. A
non-conservative Clostridial NAP variant can delete one or more amino acids, two or more amino acids, three or more amino acids, four or more amino acids, five or more amino acids, and ten or more amino acids from the reference Clostridial NAP on which the non-conservative Clostridial NAP variant is based. A non-conservative Clostridial NAP variant can add one or more amino acids, two or more amino acids, three or more amino acids, four or more amino acids, five or more amino acids, and ten or more amino acids to the reference Clostridial NAP on which the non-conservative Clostridial NAP variant is based. A non-conservative Clostridial NAP variant may substitute one or more amino acids, two or more amino acids, three or more amino acids, four or more amino acids, five or more amino acids, ten or more amino acids, 20 or more amino acids, 30 or more amino acids, 40 or more amino acids or 50 or more amino acids from the reference Clostridial NAP on which the non-conservative Clostridial NAP
variant is based. A non-conservative Clostridial NAP variant can also substitute at least 10 contiguous amino acids, at least 15 contiguous amino acids, at least 20 contiguous amino acids, or at least 25 contiguous amino acids from the reference Clostridial NAP on which the non-conservative Clostridial NAP
variant is based, that possess at least 50% amino acid identity, 65% amino acid identity, 75% amino acid identity, 85% amino acid identity or 95% amino acid identity to the reference Clostridial NAP on which the non-conservative Clostridial NAP variant is based. Non-limiting examples of a non-conservative Clostridial NAP variant include, e.g., a non-conservative BoNT/A HA-33 variant, a non-conservative Clostridial botulinum serotype B HA-33 variant, a non-conservative Clostridial botulinum serotype C1 HA-33 variant, a non-conservative Clostridial botulinum serotype D HA-33 variant, a non-conservative BoNT/A HA-17 variant, a non-conservative Clostridial botulinum serotype B HA-17 variant, a non-conservative Clostridial botulinum serotype C1 HA-17 variant, a non-conservative Clostridial botulinum serotype D
HA-17 variant, a non-conservative BoNT/A NTNH variant, a non-conservative Clostridial botulinum serotype B NTNH variant, a non-conservative Clostridial botulinum serotype C1 NTNH variant, a non-conservative Clostridial botulinum serotype D NTNH variant, a non-conservative Clostridial botulinum serotype E NTNH variant, a non-conservative Clostridial botulinum serotype F NTNH variant and a non-conservative Clostridial botulinum serotype G NTNH variant.

[0251] As used herein, the term "Clostridial NAP chimeric" means a polypeptide comprising at least a portion of a Clostridial NAP and at least a portion of at least one other polypeptide to form an enhanced targeting domain with at least one property different from the reference Clostridial NAP (see Tables 3-6), with the proviso that this Clostridial NAP chimeric can specifically bind to a Clostridial toxin receptor present in a Clostridial toxin target cell, and thus participate in executing the overall cellular mechanism whereby a Clostridial toxin proteolytically cleaves a substrate.

[0252] As used herein, the term "active Clostridial NAP fragment" means any of a variety of Clostridial NAP fragments comprising the enhanced targeting domain can be useful in aspects of the present invention with the proviso that these NAP fragments can specifically bind to a Clostridial toxin receptor present in a Clostridial toxin target cell, and thus participate in executing the overall cellular mechanism whereby a Clostridial toxin proteolytically cleaves a substrate.

[0253] Thus, in an embodiment, a binding domain comprises a NAP. In aspects of this embodiment, a NAP comprises a f3-trefoil domain derived from a NAP.

[0254] In another embodiment, a binding domain comprises a f3-trefoil domain derived from a Clostridial HA-33. In an aspect of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil domain derived from a Clostridial HA-33 comprises, e.g., a f3-trefoil domain derived from a BoNT/A
HA-33, a f3-trefoil domain derived from a BoNT/B HA-33, a f3-trefoil domain derived from a BoNT/C1 HA-33 or a f3-trefoil domain derived from a BoNT/D HA-33. In another aspect of this embodiment, a f3-trefoil domain derived from a Clostridial HA-33 comprises a 1 a-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/A
HA-33, a 1(3-fold motif of a (3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/A HA-33, a 1y-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/A HA-33, a 2a-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/A HA-33, a 2(3-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/A HA-33, or a 2y-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/A HA-33. In another aspect of this embodiment, a f3-trefoil domain derived from a Clostridial HA-33 comprises a la-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/B HA-33, a 1(3-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/B HA-33, a ly-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/B HA-33, a 2a-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/B HA-33, a 2(3-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/B HA-33, or a 2y-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/B
HA-33. In another aspect of this embodiment, a f3-trefoil domain derived from a Clostridial HA-33 comprises a la-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/C1 HA-33, a 1(3-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/C1 HA-33, a 1 y-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/C1 HA-33, a 2a-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/C1 HA-33, a 2(3-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/C1 HA-33, or a 2y-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/C1 HA-33. In another aspect of this embodiment, a f3-trefoil domain derived from a Clostridial HA-33 comprises a 1 a-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/D HA-33, a 1(3-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/D HA-33, a ly-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/D HA-33, a 2a-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/D HA-33, a 2(3-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/D
HA-33, or a 2y-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/D HA-33.

[0255] In another embodiment, a binding domain comprises a f3-trefoil domain derived from a BoNT/A
HA-33 of SEQ ID NO: 11. In another embodiment, a binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil domain derived from a BoNT/A HA-33 comprises amino acids 10-144 or amino acids 151-293 of SEQ ID NO: 11.
In another aspect of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil domain derived from a BoNT/A HA-33 comprises a 1 a-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/A HA-33, a 1(3-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/A HA-33, a 1 y-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/A HA-33, a 2a-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/A HA-33, a 2(3-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/A HA-33, or a 2y-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/A HA-33 of SEQ ID NO: 11. In another aspect of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil domain derived from a BoNT/A HA-33 comprises amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-100, amino acids 105-144, amino acids 151-195, amino acids 200-242, or amino acids 249-293 of SEQ ID NO: 11.

[0256] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-100, amino acids 105-144, amino acids 151-195, amino acids 200-242, or amino acids 249-293 of SEQ ID NO: 11, at least 75% amino acid identity with amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-100, amino acids 105-144, amino acids 151-195, amino acids 200-242, or amino acids 249-293 of SEQ ID
NO: 11, at least 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-100, amino acids 105-144, amino acids 151-195, amino acids 200-242, or amino acids 249-293 of SEQ
ID NO: 9, at least 85%
amino acid identity with amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-100, amino acids 105-144, amino acids 151-195, amino acids 200-242, or amino acids 249-293 of SEQ ID NO: 11, at least 90% amino acid identity with amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-100, amino acids 105-144, amino acids 151-195, amino acids 200-242, or amino acids 249-293 of SEQ ID NO: 11 or at least 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-100, amino acids 105-144, amino acids 151-195, amino acids 200-242, or amino acids 249-293 of SEQ ID NO: 11. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-100, amino acids 105-144, amino acids 151-195, amino acids 200-242, or amino acids 249-293 of SEQ ID NO: 11, at most 75% amino acid identity with amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-100, amino acids 105-144, amino acids 151-195, amino acids 200-242, or amino acids 249-293 of SEQ ID NO: 11, at most 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-100, amino acids 105-144, amino acids 151-195, amino acids 200-242, or amino acids 249-293 of SEQ ID NO: 11, at most 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-100, amino acids 105-144, amino acids 151-195, amino acids 200-242, or amino acids 249-293 of SEQ ID NO: 11, at most 90% amino acid identity with amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-100, amino acids 105-144, amino acids 151-195, amino acids 200-242, or amino acids 249-293 of SEQ ID NO: 11 or at most 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-100, amino acids 105-144, amino acids 151-195, amino acids 200-242, or amino acids 249-293 of SEQ ID NO: 11.

[0257] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, or 20 non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-100, amino acids 105-144, amino acids 151-195, amino acids 200-242, or amino acids 249-293 of SEQ ID
NO: 11. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-100, amino acids 105-144, amino acids 151-195, amino acids 200-242, or amino acids 249-293 of SEQ ID NO: 11.
In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A
HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-100, amino acids 105-144, amino acids 151-195, amino acids 200-242, or amino acids 249-293 of SEQ ID NO: 11. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-100, amino acids 105-144, amino acids 151-195, amino acids 200-242, or amino acids 249-293 of SEQ ID NO: 11. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-100, amino acids 105-144, amino acids 151-195, amino acids 200-242, or amino acids 249-293 of SEQ ID NO: 11. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-100, amino acids 105-144, amino acids 151-195, amino acids 200-242, or amino acids 249-293 of SEQ ID NO: 11.

[0258] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-100, amino acids 105-144, amino acids 151-195, amino acids 200-242, or amino acids 249-293 of SEQ ID NO: 11.

In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-100, amino acids 105-144, amino acids 151-195, amino acids 200-242, or amino acids 249-293 of SEQ
ID NO: 11. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-100, amino acids 105-144, amino acids 151-195, amino acids 200-242, or amino acids 249-293 of SEQ ID NO: 11.
In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-100, amino acids 105-144, amino acids 151-195, amino acids 200-242, or amino acids 249-293 of SEQ ID NO: 11. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-100, amino acids 105-144, amino acids 151-195, amino acids 200-242, or amino acids 249-293 of SEQ ID NO: 11. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-100, amino acids 105-144, amino acids 151-195, amino acids 200-242, or amino acids 249-293 of SEQ ID NO: 11.

[0259] In another embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a 1(34/(35 hairpin turn of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/A HA-33, a 1(38/(39 hairpin turn of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/A HA-33, a 2(34/(35 hairpin turn of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/A HA-33 or a 2(38/(39 hairpin turn of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/A HA-33 of SEQ ID NO:
11. In another aspect of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises amino acids 55-59, amino acids 101-104, amino acids 196-199, or amino acids 243-248 of SEQ ID
NO: 11.

[0260] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 55-59, amino acids 101-104, amino acids 196-199, or amino acids 243-248 of SEQ ID NO:
11, at least 75%
amino acid identity with amino acids 55-59, amino acids 101-104, amino acids 196-199, or amino acids 243-248 of SEQ ID NO: 11, at least 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 55-59, amino acids 101-104, amino acids 196-199, or amino acids 243-248 of SEQ ID NO: 11, at least 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 55-59, amino acids 101-104, amino acids 196-199, or amino acids 243-248 of SEQ ID
NO: 11, at least 90% amino acid identity with amino acids 55-59, amino acids 101-104, amino acids 196-199, or amino acids 243-248 of SEQ ID NO: 11 or at least 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 55-59, amino acids 101-104, amino acids 196-199, or amino acids 243-248 of SEQ ID
NO: 11. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 55-59, amino acids 101-104, amino acids 196-199, or amino acids 243-248 of SEQ ID NO: 11, at most 75%
amino acid identity with amino acids 55-59, amino acids 101-104, amino acids 196-199, or amino acids 243-248 of SEQ ID NO:
11, at most 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 55-59, amino acids 101-104, amino acids 196-199, or amino acids 243-248 of SEQ ID NO: 11, at most 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 55-59, amino acids 101-104, amino acids 196-199, or amino acids 243-248 of SEQ ID NO:
11, at most 90%
amino acid identity with amino acids 55-59, amino acids 101-104, amino acids 196-199, or amino acids 243-248 of SEQ ID NO: 11 or at most 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 55-59, amino acids 101-104, amino acids 196-199, or amino acids 243-248 of SEQ ID NO: 11.

[0261] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 55-59, amino acids 101-104, amino acids 196-199, or amino acids 243-248 of SEQ ID NO: 11. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A
HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 55-59, amino acids 101-104, amino acids 196-199, or amino acids 243-248 of SEQ ID NO: 11. In other aspects of this embodiment, a non-contiguous amino acid substitution of any amino acid from amino acids 55-59, amino acids 101-104, amino acids 196-199, or amino acids 243-248 of SEQ ID NO: 11 can be replaced with glycine. In other aspects of this embodiment, a non-contiguous amino acid substitution of any hydrophobic amino acid from amino acids 55-59, amino acids 101-104, amino acids 196-199, or amino acids 243-248 of SEQ ID
NO: 11 can be replaced with phenylalanine. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a f3-trefoil domain with enhanced binding activity derived from a BoNT/A HA-33 comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 55-59, amino acids 101-104, amino acids 196-199, or amino acids 243-248 of SEQ ID NO: 11.
In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 55-59, amino acids 101-104, amino acids 196-199, or amino acids 243-248 of SEQ
ID NO: 11. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 55-59, amino acids 101-104, amino acids 196-199, or amino acids 243-248 of SEQ ID NO: 11. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A HA-33 11-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 55-59, amino acids 101-104, amino acids 196-199, or amino acids 243-248 of SEQ ID NO: 11.

[0262] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 55-59, amino acids 101-104, amino acids 196-199, or amino acids 243-248 of SEQ ID NO: 11. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A
HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 55-59, amino acids 101-104, amino acids 196-199, or amino acids 243-248 of SEQ ID NO: 11. In other aspects of this embodiment, contiguous amino acid substitutions of amino acids from amino acids 55-59, amino acids 101-104, amino acids 196-199, or amino acids 243-248 of SEQ ID NO: 11 can be replaced with glycine. In other aspects of this embodiment, contiguous amino acid substitutions of hydrophobic amino acids from amino acids 55-59, amino acids 101-104, amino acids 196-199, or amino acids 243-248 of SEQ ID NO:
11 can be replaced with phenylalanine. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 55-59, amino acids 101-104, amino acids 196-199, or amino acids 243-248 of SEQ ID NO: 11. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 55-59, amino acids 101-104, amino acids 196-199, or amino acids 243-248 of SEQ ID NO: 11. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 55-59, amino acids 101-104, amino acids 196-199, or amino acids 243-248 of SEQ ID NO: 11. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 55-59, amino acids 101-104, amino acids 196-199, or amino acids 243-248 of SEQ ID NO: 11.

[0263] In another embodiment, a binding domain comprises a f3-trefoil domain derived from a BoNT/A
HA-33 of SEQ ID NO: 12. In another embodiment, a binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil domain derived from a BoNT/A HA-33 comprises amino acids 10-144 or amino acids 151-293 of SEQ ID NO: 12.
In another aspect of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil domain derived from a BoNT/A HA-33 comprises a 1 a-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/A HA-33, a 1(3-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/A HA-33, a 1 y-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/A HA-33, a 2a-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/A HA-33, a 2(3-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/A HA-33, or a 2y-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/A HA-33 of SEQ ID NO: 12. In another aspect of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil domain derived from a BoNT/A HA-33 comprises amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-100, amino acids 105-144, amino acids 151-195, amino acids 200-242, or amino acids 249-293 of SEQ ID NO: 12.

[0264] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-100, amino acids 105-144, amino acids 151-195, amino acids 200-242, or amino acids 249-293 of SEQ ID NO: 12, at least 75% amino acid identity with amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-100, amino acids 105-144, amino acids 151-195, amino acids 200-242, or amino acids 249-293 of SEQ ID
NO: 12, at least 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-100, amino acids 105-144, amino acids 151-195, amino acids 200-242, or amino acids 249-293 of SEQ
ID NO: 9, at least 85%
amino acid identity with amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-100, amino acids 105-144, amino acids 151-195, amino acids 200-242, or amino acids 249-293 of SEQ ID NO: 12, at least 90% amino acid identity with amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-100, amino acids 105-144, amino acids 151-195, amino acids 200-242, or amino acids 249-293 of SEQ ID NO: 12 or at least 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-100, amino acids 105-144, amino acids 151-195, amino acids 200-242, or amino acids 249-293 of SEQ ID NO: 12. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-100, amino acids 105-144, amino acids 151-195, amino acids 200-242, or amino acids 249-293 of SEQ ID NO: 12, at most 75% amino acid identity with amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-100, amino acids 105-144, amino acids 151-195, amino acids 200-242, or amino acids 249-293 of SEQ ID NO: 12, at most 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-100, amino acids 105-144, amino acids 151-195, amino acids 200-242, or amino acids 249-293 of SEQ ID NO: 12, at most 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-100, amino acids 105-144, amino acids 151-195, amino acids 200-242, or amino acids 249-293 of SEQ ID NO: 12, at most 90% amino acid identity with amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-100, amino acids 105-144, amino acids 151-195, amino acids 200-242, or amino acids 249-293 of SEQ ID NO: 12 or at most 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-100, amino acids 105-144, amino acids 151-195, amino acids 200-242, or amino acids 249-293 of SEQ ID NO: 12.

[0265] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, or 20 non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-100, amino acids 105-144, amino acids 151-195, amino acids 200-242, or amino acids 249-293 of SEQ ID
NO: 12. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-100, amino acids 105-144, amino acids 151-195, amino acids 200-242, or amino acids 249-293 of SEQ ID NO: 12.
In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A
HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-100, amino acids 105-144, amino acids 151-195, amino acids 200-242, or amino acids 249-293 of SEQ ID NO: 12. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-100, amino acids 105-144, amino acids 151-195, amino acids 200-242, or amino acids 249-293 of SEQ ID NO: 12. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-100, amino acids 105-144, amino acids 151-195, amino acids 200-242, or amino acids 249-293 of SEQ ID NO: 12. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-100, amino acids 105-144, amino acids 151-195, amino acids 200-242, or amino acids 249-293 of SEQ ID NO: 12.

[0266] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, or 20 contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-100, amino acids 105-144, amino acids 151-195, amino acids 200-242, or amino acids 249-293 of SEQ ID NO: 12.
In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-100, amino acids 105-144, amino acids 151-195, amino acids 200-242, or amino acids 249-293 of SEQ
ID NO: 12. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-100, amino acids 105-144, amino acids 151-195, amino acids 200-242, or amino acids 249-293 of SEQ ID NO: 12.
In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-100, amino acids 105-144, amino acids 151-195, amino acids 200-242, or amino acids 249-293 of SEQ ID NO: 12. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-100, amino acids 105-144, amino acids 151-195, amino acids 200-242, or amino acids 249-293 of SEQ ID NO: 12. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-100, amino acids 105-144, amino acids 151-195, amino acids 200-242, or amino acids 249-293 of SEQ ID NO: 12.

[0267] In another embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a 1(34/(35 hairpin turn of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/A HA-33, a 1(38/(39 hairpin turn of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/A HA-33, a 2(34/(35 hairpin turn of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/A HA-33 or a 2(38/(39 hairpin turn of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/A HA-33 of SEQ ID NO:
12. In another aspect of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises amino acids 55-59, amino acids 101-104, amino acids 196-199, or amino acids 243-248 of SEQ ID
NO: 12.

[0268] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 55-59, amino acids 101-104, amino acids 196-199, or amino acids 243-248 of SEQ ID NO:
12, at least 75%
amino acid identity with amino acids 55-59, amino acids 101-104, amino acids 196-199, or amino acids 243-248 of SEQ ID NO: 12, at least 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 55-59, amino acids 101-104, amino acids 196-199, or amino acids 243-248 of SEQ ID NO: 12, at least 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 55-59, amino acids 101-104, amino acids 196-199, or amino acids 243-248 of SEQ ID
NO: 12, at least 90% amino acid identity with amino acids 55-59, amino acids 101-104, amino acids 196-199, or amino acids 243-248 of SEQ ID NO: 12 or at least 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 55-59, amino acids 101-104, amino acids 196-199, or amino acids 243-248 of SEQ ID
NO: 12. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 55-59, amino acids 101-104, amino acids 196-199, or amino acids 243-248 of SEQ ID NO: 12, at most 75%
amino acid identity with amino acids 55-59, amino acids 101-104, amino acids 196-199, or amino acids 243-248 of SEQ ID NO:
12, at most 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 55-59, amino acids 101-104, amino acids 196-199, or amino acids 243-248 of SEQ ID NO: 12, at most 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 55-59, amino acids 101-104, amino acids 196-199, or amino acids 243-248 of SEQ ID NO:
12, at most 90%
amino acid identity with amino acids 55-59, amino acids 101-104, amino acids 196-199, or amino acids 243-248 of SEQ ID NO: 12 or at most 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 55-59, amino acids 101-104, amino acids 196-199, or amino acids 243-248 of SEQ ID NO: 12.

[0269] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 55-59, amino acids 101-104, amino acids 196-199, or amino acids 243-248 of SEQ ID NO: 12. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A
HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 55-59, amino acids 101-104, amino acids 196-199, or amino acids 243-248 of SEQ ID NO: 12. In other aspects of this embodiment, a non-contiguous amino acid substitution of any amino acid from amino acids 55-59, amino acids 101-104, amino acids 196-199, or amino acids 243-248 of SEQ ID NO: 12 can be replaced with glycine. In other aspects of this embodiment, a non-contiguous amino acid substitution of any hydrophobic amino acid from amino acids 55-59, amino acids 101-104, amino acids 196-199, or amino acids 243-248 of SEQ ID
NO: 12 can be replaced with phenylalanine. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a f3-trefoil domain with enhanced binding activity derived from a BoNT/A HA-33 comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 55-59, amino acids 101-104, amino acids 196-199, or amino acids 243-248 of SEQ ID NO: 12.
In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 55-59, amino acids 101-104, amino acids 196-199, or amino acids 243-248 of SEQ
ID NO: 12. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 55-59, amino acids 101-104, amino acids 196-199, or amino acids 243-248 of SEQ ID NO: 12. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A HA-33 11-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 55-59, amino acids 101-104, amino acids 196-199, or amino acids 243-248 of SEQ ID NO: 12.

[0270] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 55-59, amino acids 101-104, amino acids 196-199, or amino acids 243-248 of SEQ ID NO: 12. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A
HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 55-59, amino acids 101-104, amino acids 196-199, or amino acids 243-248 of SEQ ID NO: 12. In other aspects of this embodiment, contiguous amino acid substitutions of amino acids from amino acids 55-59, amino acids 101-104, amino acids 196-199, or amino acids 243-248 of SEQ ID NO: 12 can be replaced with glycine. In other aspects of this embodiment, contiguous amino acid substitutions of hydrophobic amino acids from amino acids 55-59, amino acids 101-104, amino acids 196-199, or amino acids 243-248 of SEQ ID NO:
12 can be replaced with phenylalanine. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 55-59, amino acids 101-104, amino acids 196-199, or amino acids 243-248 of SEQ ID NO: 12. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 55-59, amino acids 101-104, amino acids 196-199, or amino acids 243-248 of SEQ ID NO: 12. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 55-59, amino acids 101-104, amino acids 196-199, or amino acids 243-248 of SEQ ID NO: 12. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 55-59, amino acids 101-104, amino acids 196-199, or amino acids 243-248 of SEQ ID NO: 12.

[0271] In another embodiment, a binding domain comprises a f3-trefoil domain derived from a BoNT/A
HA-33 of SEQ ID NO: 13. In another embodiment, a binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil domain derived from a BoNT/A HA-33 comprises amino acids 10-144 or amino acids 151-293 of SEQ ID NO: 13.
In another aspect of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil domain derived from a BoNT/A HA-33 comprises a 1 a-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/A HA-33, a 1(3-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/A HA-33, a 1 y-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/A HA-33, a 2a-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/A HA-33, a 2(3-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/A HA-33, or a 2y-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/A HA-33 of SEQ ID NO: 13. In another aspect of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil domain derived from a BoNT/A HA-33 comprises amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-100, amino acids 105-144, amino acids 151-195, amino acids 200-242, or amino acids 249-293 of SEQ ID NO: 13.

[0272] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-100, amino acids 105-144, amino acids 151-195, amino acids 200-242, or amino acids 249-293 of SEQ ID NO: 13, at least 75% amino acid identity with amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-100, amino acids 105-144, amino acids 151-195, amino acids 200-242, or amino acids 249-293 of SEQ ID
NO: 13, at least 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-100, amino acids 105-144, amino acids 151-195, amino acids 200-242, or amino acids 249-293 of SEQ
ID NO: 9, at least 85%

amino acid identity with amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-100, amino acids 105-144, amino acids 151-195, amino acids 200-242, or amino acids 249-293 of SEQ ID NO: 13, at least 90% amino acid identity with amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-100, amino acids 105-144, amino acids 151-195, amino acids 200-242, or amino acids 249-293 of SEQ ID NO: 13 or at least 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-100, amino acids 105-144, amino acids 151-195, amino acids 200-242, or amino acids 249-293 of SEQ ID NO: 13. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-100, amino acids 105-144, amino acids 151-195, amino acids 200-242, or amino acids 249-293 of SEQ ID NO: 13, at most 75% amino acid identity with amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-100, amino acids 105-144, amino acids 151-195, amino acids 200-242, or amino acids 249-293 of SEQ ID NO: 13, at most 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-100, amino acids 105-144, amino acids 151-195, amino acids 200-242, or amino acids 249-293 of SEQ ID NO: 13, at most 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-100, amino acids 105-144, amino acids 151-195, amino acids 200-242, or amino acids 249-293 of SEQ ID NO: 13, at most 90% amino acid identity with amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-100, amino acids 105-144, amino acids 151-195, amino acids 200-242, or amino acids 249-293 of SEQ ID NO: 13 or at most 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-100, amino acids 105-144, amino acids 151-195, amino acids 200-242, or amino acids 249-293 of SEQ ID NO: 13.

[0273] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, or 20 non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-100, amino acids 105-144, amino acids 151-195, amino acids 200-242, or amino acids 249-293 of SEQ ID
NO: 13. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-100, amino acids 105-144, amino acids 151-195, amino acids 200-242, or amino acids 249-293 of SEQ ID NO: 13.
In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A
HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-100, amino acids 105-144, amino acids 151-195, amino acids 200-242, or amino acids 249-293 of SEQ ID NO: 13. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-100, amino acids 105-144, amino acids 151-195, amino acids 200-242, or amino acids 249-293 of SEQ ID NO: 13. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-100, amino acids 105-144, amino acids 151-195, amino acids 200-242, or amino acids 249-293 of SEQ ID NO: 13. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-100, amino acids 105-144, amino acids 151-195, amino acids 200-242, or amino acids 249-293 of SEQ ID NO: 13.

[0274] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, or 20 contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-100, amino acids 105-144, amino acids 151-195, amino acids 200-242, or amino acids 249-293 of SEQ ID NO: 13.
In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-100, amino acids 105-144, amino acids 151-195, amino acids 200-242, or amino acids 249-293 of SEQ
ID NO: 13. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-100, amino acids 105-144, amino acids 151-195, amino acids 200-242, or amino acids 249-293 of SEQ ID NO: 13.
In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-100, amino acids 105-144, amino acids 151-195, amino acids 200-242, or amino acids 249-293 of SEQ ID NO: 13. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-100, amino acids 105-144, amino acids 151-195, amino acids 200-242, or amino acids 249-293 of SEQ ID NO: 13. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-100, amino acids 105-144, amino acids 151-195, amino acids 200-242, or amino acids 249-293 of SEQ ID NO: 13.

[0275] In another embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a 1(34/(35 hairpin turn of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/A HA-33, a 1(38/(39 hairpin turn of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/A HA-33, a 2(34/(35 hairpin turn of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/A HA-33 or a 2(38/(39 hairpin turn of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/A HA-33 of SEQ ID NO:
13. In another aspect of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises amino acids 55-59, amino acids 101-104, amino acids 196-199, or amino acids 243-248 of SEQ ID
NO: 13.

[0276] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 55-59, amino acids 101-104, amino acids 196-199, or amino acids 243-248 of SEQ ID NO:
13, at least 75%
amino acid identity with amino acids 55-59, amino acids 101-104, amino acids 196-199, or amino acids 243-248 of SEQ ID NO: 13, at least 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 55-59, amino acids 101-104, amino acids 196-199, or amino acids 243-248 of SEQ ID NO: 13, at least 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 55-59, amino acids 101-104, amino acids 196-199, or amino acids 243-248 of SEQ ID
NO: 13, at least 90% amino acid identity with amino acids 55-59, amino acids 101-104, amino acids 196-199, or amino acids 243-248 of SEQ ID NO: 13 or at least 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 55-59, amino acids 101-104, amino acids 196-199, or amino acids 243-248 of SEQ ID
NO: 13. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 55-59, amino acids 101-104, amino acids 196-199, or amino acids 243-248 of SEQ ID NO: 13, at most 75%
amino acid identity with amino acids 55-59, amino acids 101-104, amino acids 196-199, or amino acids 243-248 of SEQ ID NO:
13, at most 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 55-59, amino acids 101-104, amino acids 196-199, or amino acids 243-248 of SEQ ID NO: 13, at most 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 55-59, amino acids 101-104, amino acids 196-199, or amino acids 243-248 of SEQ ID NO:
13, at most 90%
amino acid identity with amino acids 55-59, amino acids 101-104, amino acids 196-199, or amino acids 243-248 of SEQ ID NO: 13 or at most 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 55-59, amino acids 101-104, amino acids 196-199, or amino acids 243-248 of SEQ ID NO: 13.

[0277] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 55-59, amino acids 101-104, amino acids 196-199, or amino acids 243-248 of SEQ ID NO: 13. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A
HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 55-59, amino acids 101-104, amino acids 196-199, or amino acids 243-248 of SEQ ID NO: 13. In other aspects of this embodiment, a non-contiguous amino acid substitution of any amino acid from amino acids 55-59, amino acids 101-104, amino acids 196-199, or amino acids 243-248 of SEQ ID NO: 13 can be replaced with glycine. In other aspects of this embodiment, a non-contiguous amino acid substitution of any hydrophobic amino acid from amino acids 55-59, amino acids 101-104, amino acids 196-199, or amino acids 243-248 of SEQ ID
NO: 13 can be replaced with phenylalanine. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a f3-trefoil domain with enhanced binding activity derived from a BoNT/A HA-33 comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 55-59, amino acids 101-104, amino acids 196-199, or amino acids 243-248 of SEQ ID NO: 13.
In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 55-59, amino acids 101-104, amino acids 196-199, or amino acids 243-248 of SEQ
ID NO: 13. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 55-59, amino acids 101-104, amino acids 196-199, or amino acids 243-248 of SEQ ID NO: 13. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A HA-33 11-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 55-59, amino acids 101-104, amino acids 196-199, or amino acids 243-248 of SEQ ID NO: 13.

[0278] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 55-59, amino acids 101-104, amino acids 196-199, or amino acids 243-248 of SEQ ID NO: 13. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A
HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 55-59, amino acids 101-104, amino acids 196-199, or amino acids 243-248 of SEQ ID NO: 13. In other aspects of this embodiment, contiguous amino acid substitutions of amino acids from amino acids 55-59, amino acids 101-104, amino acids 196-199, or amino acids 243-248 of SEQ ID NO: 13 can be replaced with glycine. In other aspects of this embodiment, contiguous amino acid substitutions of hydrophobic amino acids from amino acids 55-59, amino acids 101-104, amino acids 196-199, or amino acids 243-248 of SEQ ID NO:
13 can be replaced with phenylalanine. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 55-59, amino acids 101-104, amino acids 196-199, or amino acids 243-248 of SEQ ID NO: 13. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 55-59, amino acids 101-104, amino acids 196-199, or amino acids 243-248 of SEQ ID NO: 13. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 55-59, amino acids 101-104, amino acids 196-199, or amino acids 243-248 of SEQ ID NO: 13. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 55-59, amino acids 101-104, amino acids 196-199, or amino acids 243-248 of SEQ ID NO: 13.

[0279] In another embodiment, a binding domain comprises a f3-trefoil domain derived from a BoNT/A
HA-33 of SEQ ID NO: 14. In another embodiment, a binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil domain derived from a BoNT/A HA-33 comprises amino acids 10-146 or amino acids 153-294 of SEQ ID NO: 14.
In another aspect of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil domain derived from a BoNT/A HA-33 comprises a 1 a-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/A HA-33, a 1(3-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/A HA-33, a 1 y-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/A HA-33, a 2a-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/A HA-33, a 2(3-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/A HA-33, or a 2y-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/A HA-33 of SEQ ID NO: 14. In another aspect of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil domain derived from a BoNT/A HA-33 comprises amino acids 10-56, amino acids 62-102, amino acids 107-146, amino acids 153-197, amino acids 202-243, or amino acids 250-294 of SEQ ID NO: 14.

[0280] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 10-56, amino acids 62-102, amino acids 107-146, amino acids 153-197, amino acids 202-243, or amino acids 250-294 of SEQ ID NO: 14, at least 75% amino acid identity with amino acids 10-56, amino acids 62-102, amino acids 107-146, amino acids 153-197, amino acids 202-243, or amino acids 250-294 of SEQ ID
NO: 14, at least 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-100, amino acids 105-144, amino acids 151-195, amino acids 200-242, or amino acids 249-293 of SEQ
ID NO: 9, at least 85%
amino acid identity with amino acids 10-56, amino acids 62-102, amino acids 107-146, amino acids 153-197, amino acids 202-243, or amino acids 250-294 of SEQ ID NO: 14, at least 90% amino acid identity with amino acids 10-56, amino acids 62-102, amino acids 107-146, amino acids 153-197, amino acids 202-243, or amino acids 250-294 of SEQ ID NO: 14 or at least 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 10-56, amino acids 62-102, amino acids 107-146, amino acids 153-197, amino acids 202-243, or amino acids 250-294 of SEQ ID NO: 14. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 10-56, amino acids 62-102, amino acids 107-146, amino acids 153-197, amino acids 202-243, or amino acids 250-294 of SEQ ID NO: 14, at most 75% amino acid identity with amino acids 10-56, amino acids 62-102, amino acids 107-146, amino acids 153-197, amino acids 202-243, or amino acids 250-294 of SEQ ID NO: 14, at most 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 10-56, amino acids 62-102, amino acids 107-146, amino acids 153-197, amino acids 202-243, or amino acids 250-294 of SEQ ID NO: 14, at most 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 10-56, amino acids 62-102, amino acids 107-146, amino acids 153-197, amino acids 202-243, or amino acids 250-294 of SEQ ID NO: 14, at most 90% amino acid identity with amino acids 10-56, amino acids 62-102, amino acids 107-146, amino acids 153-197, amino acids 202-243, or amino acids 250-294 of SEQ ID NO: 14 or at most 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 10-56, amino acids 62-102, amino acids 107-146, amino acids 153-197, amino acids 202-243, or amino acids 250-294 of SEQ ID NO: 14.

[0281] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, or 20 non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 10-56, amino acids 62-102, amino acids 107-146, amino acids 153-197, amino acids 202-243, or amino acids 250-294 of SEQ ID
NO: 14. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 10-56, amino acids 62-102, amino acids 107-146, amino acids 153-197, amino acids 202-243, or amino acids 250-294 of SEQ ID NO: 14.
In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A
HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 10-56, amino acids 62-102, amino acids 107-146, amino acids 153-197, amino acids 202-243, or amino acids 250-294 of SEQ ID NO: 14. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 10-56, amino acids 62-102, amino acids 107-146, amino acids 153-197, amino acids 202-243, or amino acids 250-294 of SEQ ID NO: 14. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 10-56, amino acids 62-102, amino acids 107-146, amino acids 153-197, amino acids 202-243, or amino acids 250-294 of SEQ ID NO: 14. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 10-56, amino acids 62-102, amino acids 107-146, amino acids 153-197, amino acids 202-243, or amino acids 250-294 of SEQ ID NO: 14.

[0282] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, or 20 contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 10-56, amino acids 62-102, amino acids 107-146, amino acids 153-197, amino acids 202-243, or amino acids 250-294 of SEQ ID NO: 14.
In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 10-56, amino acids 62-102, amino acids 107-146, amino acids 153-197, amino acids 202-243, or amino acids 250-294 of SEQ
ID NO: 14. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 10-56, amino acids 62-102, amino acids 107-146, amino acids 153-197, amino acids 202-243, or amino acids 250-294 of SEQ ID NO: 14.
In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 10-56, amino acids 62-102, amino acids 107-146, amino acids 153-197, amino acids 202-243, or amino acids 250-294 of SEQ ID NO: 14. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 10-56, amino acids 62-102, amino acids 107-146, amino acids 153-197, amino acids 202-243, or amino acids 250-294 of SEQ ID NO: 14. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 10-56, amino acids 62-102, amino acids 107-146, amino acids 153-197, amino acids 202-243, or amino acids 250-294 of SEQ ID NO: 14.

[0283] In another embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a 1(34/(35 hairpin turn of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/A HA-33, a 1(38/(39 hairpin turn of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/A HA-33, a 2(34/(35 hairpin turn of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/A HA-33 or a 2(38/(39 hairpin turn of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/A HA-33 of SEQ ID NO:
14. In another aspect of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises amino acids 57-61, amino acids 103-106, amino acids 198-201, or amino acids 244-249 of SEQ ID
NO: 14.

[0284] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 57-61, amino acids 103-106, amino acids 198-201, or amino acids 244-249 of SEQ ID NO:
14, at least 75%

amino acid identity with amino acids 57-61, amino acids 103-106, amino acids 198-201, or amino acids 244-249 of SEQ ID NO: 14, at least 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 57-61, amino acids 103-106, amino acids 198-201, or amino acids 244-249 of SEQ ID NO: 14, at least 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 57-61, amino acids 103-106, amino acids 198-201, or amino acids 244-249 of SEQ ID
NO: 14, at least 90% amino acid identity with amino acids 57-61, amino acids 103-106, amino acids 198-201, or amino acids 244-249 of SEQ ID NO: 14 or at least 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 57-61, amino acids 103-106, amino acids 198-201, or amino acids 244-249 of SEQ ID
NO: 14. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 57-61, amino acids 103-106, amino acids 198-201, or amino acids 244-249 of SEQ ID NO: 14, at most 75%
amino acid identity with amino acids 57-61, amino acids 103-106, amino acids 198-201, or amino acids 244-249 of SEQ ID NO:
14, at most 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 57-61, amino acids 103-106, amino acids 198-201, or amino acids 244-249 of SEQ ID NO: 14, at most 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 57-61, amino acids 103-106, amino acids 198-201, or amino acids 244-249 of SEQ ID NO:
14, at most 90%
amino acid identity with amino acids 57-61, amino acids 103-106, amino acids 198-201, or amino acids 244-249 of SEQ ID NO: 14 or at most 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 57-61, amino acids 103-106, amino acids 198-201, or amino acids 244-249 of SEQ ID NO: 14.

[0285] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 57-61, amino acids 103-106, amino acids 198-201, or amino acids 244-249 of SEQ ID NO: 14. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A
HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 57-61, amino acids 103-106, amino acids 198-201, or amino acids 244-249 of SEQ ID NO: 14. In other aspects of this embodiment, a non-contiguous amino acid substitution of any amino acid from amino acids 57-61, amino acids 103-106, amino acids 198-201, or amino acids 244-249 of SEQ ID NO: 14 can be replaced with glycine. In other aspects of this embodiment, a non-contiguous amino acid substitution of any hydrophobic amino acid from amino acids 57-61, amino acids 103-106, amino acids 198-201, or amino acids 244-249 of SEQ ID
NO: 14 can be replaced with phenylalanine. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a f3-trefoil domain with enhanced binding activity derived from a BoNT/A HA-33 comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 57-61, amino acids 103-106, amino acids 198-201, or amino acids 244-249 of SEQ ID NO: 14.
In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 57-61, amino acids 103-106, amino acids 198-201, or amino acids 244-249 of SEQ
ID NO: 14. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 57-61, amino acids 103-106, amino acids 198-201, or amino acids 244-249 of SEQ ID NO: 14. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A HA-33 11-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 57-61, amino acids 103-106, amino acids 198-201, or amino acids 244-249 of SEQ ID NO: 14.

[0286] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 57-61, amino acids 103-106, amino acids 198-201, or amino acids 244-249 of SEQ ID NO: 14. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A
HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 57-61, amino acids 103-106, amino acids 198-201, or amino acids 244-249 of SEQ ID NO: 14. In other aspects of this embodiment, contiguous amino acid substitutions of amino acids from amino acids 57-61, amino acids 103-106, amino acids 198-201, or amino acids 244-249 of SEQ ID NO: 14 can be replaced with glycine. In other aspects of this embodiment, contiguous amino acid substitutions of hydrophobic amino acids from amino acids 57-61, amino acids 103-106, amino acids 198-201, or amino acids 244-249 of SEQ ID NO:
14 can be replaced with phenylalanine. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 57-61, amino acids 103-106, amino acids 198-201, or amino acids 244-249 of SEQ ID NO: 14. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 57-61, amino acids 103-106, amino acids 198-201, or amino acids 244-249 of SEQ ID NO: 14. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 57-61, amino acids 103-106, amino acids 198-201, or amino acids 244-249 of SEQ ID NO: 14. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 57-61, amino acids 103-106, amino acids 198-201, or amino acids 244-249 of SEQ ID NO: 14.

[0287] In another embodiment, a binding domain comprises a f3-trefoil domain derived from a BoNT/A
HA-33 of SEQ ID NO: 15. In another embodiment, a binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil domain derived from a BoNT/A HA-33 comprises amino acids 10-144 or amino acids 151-279 of SEQ ID NO: 15.
In another aspect of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil domain derived from a BoNT/A HA-33 comprises a 1 a-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/A HA-33, a 1(3-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/A HA-33, a 1 y-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/A HA-33, a 2a-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/A HA-33, a 2(3-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/A HA-33, or a 2y-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/A HA-33 of SEQ ID NO: 15. In another aspect of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil domain derived from a BoNT/A HA-33 comprises amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-100, amino acids 105-144, amino acids 151-195, amino acids 200-242, or amino acids 249-293 of SEQ ID NO: 15.

[0288] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-100, amino acids 105-144, amino acids 151-195, amino acids 200-242, or amino acids 249-293 of SEQ ID NO: 15, at least 75% amino acid identity with amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-100, amino acids 105-144, amino acids 151-195, amino acids 200-242, or amino acids 249-293 of SEQ ID
NO: 15, at least 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-100, amino acids 105-144, amino acids 151-195, amino acids 200-242, or amino acids 249-293 of SEQ
ID NO: 9, at least 85%
amino acid identity with amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-100, amino acids 105-144, amino acids 151-195, amino acids 200-242, or amino acids 249-293 of SEQ ID NO: 15, at least 90% amino acid identity with amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-100, amino acids 105-144, amino acids 151-195, amino acids 200-242, or amino acids 249-293 of SEQ ID NO: 15 or at least 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-100, amino acids 105-144, amino acids 151-195, amino acids 200-242, or amino acids 249-293 of SEQ ID NO: 15. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-100, amino acids 105-144, amino acids 151-195, amino acids 200-242, or amino acids 249-293 of SEQ ID NO: 15, at most 75% amino acid identity with amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-100, amino acids 105-144, amino acids 151-195, amino acids 200-242, or amino acids 249-293 of SEQ ID NO: 15, at most 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-100, amino acids 105-144, amino acids 151-195, amino acids 200-242, or amino acids 249-293 of SEQ ID NO: 15, at most 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-100, amino acids 105-144, amino acids 151-195, amino acids 200-242, or amino acids 249-293 of SEQ ID NO: 15, at most 90% amino acid identity with amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-100, amino acids 105-144, amino acids 151-195, amino acids 200-242, or amino acids 249-293 of SEQ ID NO: 15 or at most 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-100, amino acids 105-144, amino acids 151-195, amino acids 200-242, or amino acids 249-293 of SEQ ID NO: 15.

[0289] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, or 20 non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-100, amino acids 105-144, amino acids 151-195, amino acids 200-242, or amino acids 249-293 of SEQ ID
NO: 15. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-100, amino acids 105-144, amino acids 151-195, amino acids 200-242, or amino acids 249-293 of SEQ ID NO: 15.
In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A
HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-100, amino acids 105-144, amino acids 151-195, amino acids 200-242, or amino acids 249-293 of SEQ ID NO: 15. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-100, amino acids 105-144, amino acids 151-195, amino acids 200-242, or amino acids 249-293 of SEQ ID NO: 15. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-100, amino acids 105-144, amino acids 151-195, amino acids 200-242, or amino acids 249-293 of SEQ ID NO: 15. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-100, amino acids 105-144, amino acids 151-195, amino acids 200-242, or amino acids 249-293 of SEQ ID NO: 15.

[0290] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, or 20 contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-100, amino acids 105-144, amino acids 151-195, amino acids 200-242, or amino acids 249-293 of SEQ ID NO: 15.
In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-100, amino acids 105-144, amino acids 151-195, amino acids 200-242, or amino acids 249-293 of SEQ
ID NO: 15. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-100, amino acids 105-144, amino acids 151-195, amino acids 200-242, or amino acids 249-293 of SEQ ID NO: 15.
In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-100, amino acids 105-144, amino acids 151-195, amino acids 200-242, or amino acids 249-293 of SEQ ID NO: 15. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-100, amino acids 105-144, amino acids 151-195, amino acids 200-242, or amino acids 249-293 of SEQ ID NO: 15. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-100, amino acids 105-144, amino acids 151-195, amino acids 200-242, or amino acids 249-293 of SEQ ID NO: 15.

[0291] In another embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a 1(34/(35 hairpin turn of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/A HA-33, a 1(38/(39 hairpin turn of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/A HA-33, a 2(34/(35 hairpin turn of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/A HA-33 or a 2(38/(39 hairpin turn of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/A HA-33 of SEQ ID NO:
15. In another aspect of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises amino acids 55-59, amino acids 101-104, amino acids 196-199, or amino acids 243-248 of SEQ ID
NO: 15.

[0292] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 55-59, amino acids 101-104, amino acids 196-199, or amino acids 243-248 of SEQ ID NO:
15, at least 75%
amino acid identity with amino acids 55-59, amino acids 101-104, amino acids 196-199, or amino acids 243-248 of SEQ ID NO: 15, at least 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 55-59, amino acids 101-104, amino acids 196-199, or amino acids 243-248 of SEQ ID NO: 15, at least 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 55-59, amino acids 101-104, amino acids 196-199, or amino acids 243-248 of SEQ ID
NO: 15, at least 90% amino acid identity with amino acids 55-59, amino acids 101-104, amino acids 196-199, or amino acids 243-248 of SEQ ID NO: 15 or at least 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 55-59, amino acids 101-104, amino acids 196-199, or amino acids 243-248 of SEQ ID
NO: 15. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 55-59, amino acids 101-104, amino acids 196-199, or amino acids 243-248 of SEQ ID NO: 15, at most 75%
amino acid identity with amino acids 55-59, amino acids 101-104, amino acids 196-199, or amino acids 243-248 of SEQ ID NO:
15, at most 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 55-59, amino acids 101-104, amino acids 196-199, or amino acids 243-248 of SEQ ID NO: 15, at most 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 55-59, amino acids 101-104, amino acids 196-199, or amino acids 243-248 of SEQ ID NO:
15, at most 90%
amino acid identity with amino acids 55-59, amino acids 101-104, amino acids 196-199, or amino acids 243-248 of SEQ ID NO: 15 or at most 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 55-59, amino acids 101-104, amino acids 196-199, or amino acids 243-248 of SEQ ID NO: 15.

[0293] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 55-59, amino acids 101-104, amino acids 196-199, or amino acids 243-248 of SEQ ID NO: 15. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A
HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 55-59, amino acids 101-104, amino acids 196-199, or amino acids 243-248 of SEQ ID NO: 15. In other aspects of this embodiment, a non-contiguous amino acid substitution of any amino acid from amino acids 55-59, amino acids 101-104, amino acids 196-199, or amino acids 243-248 of SEQ ID NO: 15 can be replaced with glycine. In other aspects of this embodiment, a non-contiguous amino acid substitution of any hydrophobic amino acid from amino acids 55-59, amino acids 101-104, amino acids 196-199, or amino acids 243-248 of SEQ ID
NO: 15 can be replaced with phenylalanine. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a f3-trefoil domain with enhanced binding activity derived from a BoNT/A HA-33 comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 55-59, amino acids 101-104, amino acids 196-199, or amino acids 243-248 of SEQ ID NO: 15.
In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 55-59, amino acids 101-104, amino acids 196-199, or amino acids 243-248 of SEQ
ID NO: 15. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 55-59, amino acids 101-104, amino acids 196-199, or amino acids 243-248 of SEQ ID NO: 15. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A HA-33 11-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 55-59, amino acids 101-104, amino acids 196-199, or amino acids 243-248 of SEQ ID NO: 15.

[0294] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 55-59, amino acids 101-104, amino acids 196-199, or amino acids 243-248 of SEQ ID NO: 15. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A
HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 55-59, amino acids 101-104, amino acids 196-199, or amino acids 243-248 of SEQ ID NO: 15. In other aspects of this embodiment, contiguous amino acid substitutions of amino acids from amino acids 55-59, amino acids 101-104, amino acids 196-199, or amino acids 243-248 of SEQ ID NO: 15 can be replaced with glycine. In other aspects of this embodiment, contiguous amino acid substitutions of hydrophobic amino acids from amino acids 55-59, amino acids 101-104, amino acids 196-199, or amino acids 243-248 of SEQ ID NO:
15 can be replaced with phenylalanine. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 55-59, amino acids 101-104, amino acids 196-199, or amino acids 243-248 of SEQ ID NO: 15. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 55-59, amino acids 101-104, amino acids 196-199, or amino acids 243-248 of SEQ ID NO: 15. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 55-59, amino acids 101-104, amino acids 196-199, or amino acids 243-248 of SEQ ID NO: 15. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 55-59, amino acids 101-104, amino acids 196-199, or amino acids 243-248 of SEQ ID NO: 15.

[0295] In another embodiment, a binding domain comprises a f3-trefoil domain derived from a BoNT/B
HA-33 of SEQ ID NO: 16. In another embodiment, a binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil domain derived from a BoNT/B HA-33 comprises amino acids 10-144 or amino acids 151-292 of SEQ ID NO: 16.
In another aspect of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil domain derived from a BoNT/B HA-33 comprises a 1 a-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/B HA-33, a 1(3-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/B HA-33, a 1 y-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/B HA-33, a 2a-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/B HA-33, a 2(3-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/B HA-33, or a 2y-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/B HA-33 of SEQ ID NO: 16. In another aspect of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil domain derived from a BoNT/B HA-33 comprises amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-100, amino acids 105-144, amino acids 151-195, amino acids 200-241, or amino acids 248-292 of SEQ ID NO: 16.

[0296] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/B HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-100, amino acids 105-144, amino acids 151-195, amino acids 200-241, or amino acids 248-292 of SEQ ID NO: 16, at least 75% amino acid identity with amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-100, amino acids 105-144, amino acids 151-195, amino acids 200-241, or amino acids 248-292 of SEQ ID
NO: 16, at least 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-100, amino acids 105-144, amino acids 151-195, amino acids 200-242, or amino acids 249-293 of SEQ
ID NO: 9, at least 85%
amino acid identity with amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-100, amino acids 105-144, amino acids 151-195, amino acids 200-241, or amino acids 248-292 of SEQ ID NO: 16, at least 90% amino acid identity with amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-100, amino acids 105-144, amino acids 151-195, amino acids 200-241, or amino acids 248-292 of SEQ ID NO: 16 or at least 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-100, amino acids 105-144, amino acids 151-195, amino acids 200-241, or amino acids 248-292 of SEQ ID NO: 16. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/B HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-100, amino acids 105-144, amino acids 151-195, amino acids 200-241, or amino acids 248-292 of SEQ ID NO: 16, at most 75% amino acid identity with amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-100, amino acids 105-144, amino acids 151-195, amino acids 200-241, or amino acids 248-292 of SEQ ID NO: 16, at most 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-100, amino acids 105-144, amino acids 151-195, amino acids 200-241, or amino acids 248-292 of SEQ ID NO: 16, at most 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-100, amino acids 105-144, amino acids 151-195, amino acids 200-241, or amino acids 248-292 of SEQ ID NO: 16, at most 90% amino acid identity with amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-100, amino acids 105-144, amino acids 151-195, amino acids 200-241, or amino acids 248-292 of SEQ ID NO: 16 or at most 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-100, amino acids 105-144, amino acids 151-195, amino acids 200-241, or amino acids 248-292 of SEQ ID NO: 16.

[0297] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/B HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, or 20 non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-100, amino acids 105-144, amino acids 151-195, amino acids 200-241, or amino acids 248-292 of SEQ ID
NO: 16. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/B HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-100, amino acids 105-144, amino acids 151-195, amino acids 200-241, or amino acids 248-292 of SEQ ID NO: 16.
In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/B
HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-100, amino acids 105-144, amino acids 151-195, amino acids 200-241, or amino acids 248-292 of SEQ ID NO: 16. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/B HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-100, amino acids 105-144, amino acids 151-195, amino acids 200-241, or amino acids 248-292 of SEQ ID NO: 16. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/B HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-100, amino acids 105-144, amino acids 151-195, amino acids 200-241, or amino acids 248-292 of SEQ ID NO: 16. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/B HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-100, amino acids 105-144, amino acids 151-195, amino acids 200-241, or amino acids 248-292 of SEQ ID NO: 16.

[0298] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/B HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, or 20 contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-100, amino acids 105-144, amino acids 151-195, amino acids 200-241, or amino acids 248-292 of SEQ ID NO: 16.
In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/B HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-100, amino acids 105-144, amino acids 151-195, amino acids 200-241, or amino acids 248-292 of SEQ
ID NO: 16. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/B HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-100, amino acids 105-144, amino acids 151-195, amino acids 200-241, or amino acids 248-292 of SEQ ID NO: 16.
In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/B HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-100, amino acids 105-144, amino acids 151-195, amino acids 200-241, or amino acids 248-292 of SEQ ID NO: 16. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/B HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-100, amino acids 105-144, amino acids 151-195, amino acids 200-241, or amino acids 248-292 of SEQ ID NO: 16. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/B HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-100, amino acids 105-144, amino acids 151-195, amino acids 200-241, or amino acids 248-292 of SEQ ID NO: 16.

[0299] In another embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/B HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a 1(34/(35 hairpin turn of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/B HA-33, a 1(38/(39 hairpin turn of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/B HA-33, a 2(34/(35 hairpin turn of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/B HA-33 or a 2(38/(39 hairpin turn of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/B HA-33 of SEQ ID NO:
16. In another aspect of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/B HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises amino acids 55-59, amino acids 101-104, amino acids 196-199, or amino acids 242-247 of SEQ ID
NO: 16.

[0300] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/B HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 55-59, amino acids 101-104, amino acids 196-199, or amino acids 242-247 of SEQ ID NO:
16, at least 75%
amino acid identity with amino acids 55-59, amino acids 101-104, amino acids 196-199, or amino acids 242-247 of SEQ ID NO: 16, at least 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 55-59, amino acids 101-104, amino acids 196-199, or amino acids 242-247 of SEQ ID NO: 16, at least 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 55-59, amino acids 101-104, amino acids 196-199, or amino acids 242-247 of SEQ ID
NO: 16, at least 90% amino acid identity with amino acids 55-59, amino acids 101-104, amino acids 196-199, or amino acids 242-247 of SEQ ID NO: 16 or at least 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 55-59, amino acids 101-104, amino acids 196-199, or amino acids 242-247 of SEQ ID
NO: 16. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/B HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 55-59, amino acids 101-104, amino acids 196-199, or amino acids 242-247 of SEQ ID NO: 16, at most 75%
amino acid identity with amino acids 55-59, amino acids 101-104, amino acids 196-199, or amino acids 242-247 of SEQ ID NO:
16, at most 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 55-59, amino acids 101-104, amino acids 196-199, or amino acids 242-247 of SEQ ID NO: 16, at most 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 55-59, amino acids 101-104, amino acids 196-199, or amino acids 242-247 of SEQ ID NO:
16, at most 90%
amino acid identity with amino acids 55-59, amino acids 101-104, amino acids 196-199, or amino acids 242-247 of SEQ ID NO: 16 or at most 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 55-59, amino acids 101-104, amino acids 196-199, or amino acids 242-247 of SEQ ID NO: 16.

[0301] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/B HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 55-59, amino acids 101-104, amino acids 196-199, or amino acids 242-247 of SEQ ID NO: 16. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/B
HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 55-59, amino acids 101-104, amino acids 196-199, or amino acids 242-247 of SEQ ID NO: 16. In other aspects of this embodiment, a non-contiguous amino acid substitution of any amino acid from amino acids 55-59, amino acids 101-104, amino acids 196-199, or amino acids 242-247 of SEQ ID NO: 16 can be replaced with glycine. In other aspects of this embodiment, a non-contiguous amino acid substitution of any hydrophobic amino acid from amino acids 55-59, amino acids 101-104, amino acids 196-199, or amino acids 242-247 of SEQ ID
NO: 16 can be replaced with phenylalanine. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a f3-trefoil domain with enhanced binding activity derived from a BoNT/B HA-33 comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 55-59, amino acids 101-104, amino acids 196-199, or amino acids 242-247 of SEQ ID NO: 16.
In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/B HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 55-59, amino acids 101-104, amino acids 196-199, or amino acids 242-247 of SEQ
ID NO: 16. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/B HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 55-59, amino acids 101-104, amino acids 196-199, or amino acids 242-247 of SEQ ID NO: 16. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/B HA-33 11-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 55-59, amino acids 101-104, amino acids 196-199, or amino acids 242-247 of SEQ ID NO: 16.

[0302] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/B HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 55-59, amino acids 101-104, amino acids 196-199, or amino acids 242-247 of SEQ ID NO: 16. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/B
HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 55-59, amino acids 101-104, amino acids 196-199, or amino acids 242-247 of SEQ ID NO: 16. In other aspects of this embodiment, contiguous amino acid substitutions of amino acids from amino acids 55-59, amino acids 101-104, amino acids 196-199, or amino acids 242-247 of SEQ ID NO: 16 can be replaced with glycine. In other aspects of this embodiment, contiguous amino acid substitutions of hydrophobic amino acids from amino acids 55-59, amino acids 101-104, amino acids 196-199, or amino acids 242-247 of SEQ ID NO:
16 can be replaced with phenylalanine. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/B HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 55-59, amino acids 101-104, amino acids 196-199, or amino acids 242-247 of SEQ ID NO: 16. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/B HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 55-59, amino acids 101-104, amino acids 196-199, or amino acids 242-247 of SEQ ID NO: 16. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/B HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 55-59, amino acids 101-104, amino acids 196-199, or amino acids 242-247 of SEQ ID NO: 16. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/B HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 55-59, amino acids 101-104, amino acids 196-199, or amino acids 242-247 of SEQ ID NO: 16.

[0303] In another embodiment, a binding domain comprises a f3-trefoil domain derived from a BoNT/B
HA-33 of SEQ ID NO: 17. In another embodiment, a binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil domain derived from a BoNT/B HA-33 comprises amino acids 10-146 or amino acids 153-291 of SEQ ID NO: 17.
In another aspect of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil domain derived from a BoNT/B HA-33 comprises a 1 a-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/B HA-33, a 1(3-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/B HA-33, a 1 y-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/B HA-33, a 2a-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/B HA-33, a 2(3-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/B HA-33, or a 2y-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/B HA-33 of SEQ ID NO: 17. In another aspect of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil domain derived from a BoNT/B HA-33 comprises amino acids 10-56, amino acids 62-102, amino acids 107-146, amino acids 153-197, amino acids 200-242, or amino acids 249-291 of SEQ ID NO: 17.

[0304] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/B HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 10-56, amino acids 62-102, amino acids 107-146, amino acids 153-197, amino acids 200-242, or amino acids 249-291 of SEQ ID NO: 17, at least 75% amino acid identity with amino acids 10-56, amino acids 62-102, amino acids 107-146, amino acids 153-197, amino acids 200-242, or amino acids 249-291 of SEQ ID
NO: 17, at least 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-100, amino acids 105-144, amino acids 151-195, amino acids 200-242, or amino acids 249-293 of SEQ
ID NO: 9, at least 85%
amino acid identity with amino acids 10-56, amino acids 62-102, amino acids 107-146, amino acids 153-197, amino acids 200-242, or amino acids 249-291 of SEQ ID NO: 17, at least 90% amino acid identity with amino acids 10-56, amino acids 62-102, amino acids 107-146, amino acids 153-197, amino acids 200-242, or amino acids 249-291 of SEQ ID NO: 17 or at least 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 10-56, amino acids 62-102, amino acids 107-146, amino acids 153-197, amino acids 200-242, or amino acids 249-291 of SEQ ID NO: 17. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/B HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 10-56, amino acids 62-102, amino acids 107-146, amino acids 153-197, amino acids 200-242, or amino acids 249-291 of SEQ ID NO: 17, at most 75% amino acid identity with amino acids 10-56, amino acids 62-102, amino acids 107-146, amino acids 153-197, amino acids 200-242, or amino acids 249-291 of SEQ ID NO: 17, at most 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 10-56, amino acids 62-102, amino acids 107-146, amino acids 153-197, amino acids 200-242, or amino acids 249-291 of SEQ ID NO: 17, at most 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 10-56, amino acids 62-102, amino acids 107-146, amino acids 153-197, amino acids 200-242, or amino acids 249-291 of SEQ ID NO: 17, at most 90% amino acid identity with amino acids 10-56, amino acids 62-102, amino acids 107-146, amino acids 153-197, amino acids 200-242, or amino acids 249-291 of SEQ ID NO: 17 or at most 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 10-56, amino acids 62-102, amino acids 107-146, amino acids 153-197, amino acids 200-242, or amino acids 249-291 of SEQ ID NO: 17.

[0305] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/B HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, or 20 non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 10-56, amino acids 62-102, amino acids 107-146, amino acids 153-197, amino acids 200-242, or amino acids 249-291 of SEQ ID
NO: 17. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/B HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 10-56, amino acids 62-102, amino acids 107-146, amino acids 153-197, amino acids 200-242, or amino acids 249-291 of SEQ ID NO: 17.
In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/B
HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 10-56, amino acids 62-102, amino acids 107-146, amino acids 153-197, amino acids 200-242, or amino acids 249-291 of SEQ ID NO: 17. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/B HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 10-56, amino acids 62-102, amino acids 107-146, amino acids 153-197, amino acids 200-242, or amino acids 249-291 of SEQ ID NO: 17. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/B HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 10-56, amino acids 62-102, amino acids 107-146, amino acids 153-197, amino acids 200-242, or amino acids 249-291 of SEQ ID NO: 17. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/B HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 10-56, amino acids 62-102, amino acids 107-146, amino acids 153-197, amino acids 200-242, or amino acids 249-291 of SEQ ID NO: 17.

[0306] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/B HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, or 20 contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 10-56, amino acids 62-102, amino acids 107-146, amino acids 153-197, amino acids 200-242, or amino acids 249-291 of SEQ ID NO: 17.
In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/B HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 10-56, amino acids 62-102, amino acids 107-146, amino acids 153-197, amino acids 200-242, or amino acids 249-291 of SEQ
ID NO: 17. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/B HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 10-56, amino acids 62-102, amino acids 107-146, amino acids 153-197, amino acids 200-242, or amino acids 249-291 of SEQ ID NO: 17.
In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/B HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 10-56, amino acids 62-102, amino acids 107-146, amino acids 153-197, amino acids 200-242, or amino acids 249-291 of SEQ ID NO: 17. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/B HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 10-56, amino acids 62-102, amino acids 107-146, amino acids 153-197, amino acids 200-242, or amino acids 249-291 of SEQ ID NO: 17. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/B HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 10-56, amino acids 62-102, amino acids 107-146, amino acids 153-197, amino acids 200-242, or amino acids 249-291 of SEQ ID NO: 17.

[0307] In another embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/B HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a 1(34/(35 hairpin turn of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/B HA-33, a 1(38/(39 hairpin turn of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/B HA-33, a 2(34/(35 hairpin turn of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/B HA-33 or a 2(38/(39 hairpin turn of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/B HA-33 of SEQ ID NO:
17. In another aspect of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/B HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises amino acids 56-61, amino acids 103-106, amino acids 198-201, or amino acids 243-248 of SEQ ID
NO: 17.

[0308] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/B HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 56-61, amino acids 103-106, amino acids 198-201, or amino acids 243-248 of SEQ ID NO:
17, at least 75%
amino acid identity with amino acids 56-61, amino acids 103-106, amino acids 198-201, or amino acids 243-248 of SEQ ID NO: 17, at least 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 56-61, amino acids 103-106, amino acids 198-201, or amino acids 243-248 of SEQ ID NO: 17, at least 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 56-61, amino acids 103-106, amino acids 198-201, or amino acids 243-248 of SEQ ID
NO: 17, at least 90% amino acid identity with amino acids 56-61, amino acids 103-106, amino acids 198-201, or amino acids 243-248 of SEQ ID NO: 17 or at least 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 56-61, amino acids 103-106, amino acids 198-201, or amino acids 243-248 of SEQ ID
NO: 17. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/B HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 56-61, amino acids 103-106, amino acids 198-201, or amino acids 243-248 of SEQ ID NO: 17, at most 75%
amino acid identity with amino acids 56-61, amino acids 103-106, amino acids 198-201, or amino acids 243-248 of SEQ ID NO:
17, at most 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 56-61, amino acids 103-106, amino acids 198-201, or amino acids 243-248 of SEQ ID NO: 17, at most 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 56-61, amino acids 103-106, amino acids 198-201, or amino acids 243-248 of SEQ ID NO:
17, at most 90%
amino acid identity with amino acids 56-61, amino acids 103-106, amino acids 198-201, or amino acids 243-248 of SEQ ID NO: 17 or at most 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 56-61, amino acids 103-106, amino acids 198-201, or amino acids 243-248 of SEQ ID NO: 17.

[0309] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/B HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 56-61, amino acids 103-106, amino acids 198-201, or amino acids 243-248 of SEQ ID NO: 17. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/B
HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 56-61, amino acids 103-106, amino acids 198-201, or amino acids 243-248 of SEQ ID NO: 17. In other aspects of this embodiment, a non-contiguous amino acid substitution of any amino acid from amino acids 56-61, amino acids 103-106, amino acids 198-201, or amino acids 243-248 of SEQ ID NO: 17 can be replaced with glycine. In other aspects of this embodiment, a non-contiguous amino acid substitution of any hydrophobic amino acid from amino acids 56-61, amino acids 103-106, amino acids 198-201, or amino acids 243-248 of SEQ ID
NO: 17 can be replaced with phenylalanine. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a f3-trefoil domain with enhanced binding activity derived from a BoNT/B HA-33 comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 56-61, amino acids 103-106, amino acids 198-201, or amino acids 243-248 of SEQ ID NO: 17.
In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/B HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 56-61, amino acids 103-106, amino acids 198-201, or amino acids 243-248 of SEQ
ID NO: 17. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/B HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 56-61, amino acids 103-106, amino acids 198-201, or amino acids 243-248 of SEQ ID NO: 17. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/B HA-33 11-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 56-61, amino acids 103-106, amino acids 198-201, or amino acids 243-248 of SEQ ID NO: 17.

[0310] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/B HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 56-61, amino acids 103-106, amino acids 198-201, or amino acids 243-248 of SEQ ID NO: 17. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/B
HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 56-61, amino acids 103-106, amino acids 198-201, or amino acids 243-248 of SEQ ID NO: 17. In other aspects of this embodiment, contiguous amino acid substitutions of amino acids from amino acids 56-61, amino acids 103-106, amino acids 198-201, or amino acids 243-248 of SEQ ID NO: 17 can be replaced with glycine. In other aspects of this embodiment, contiguous amino acid substitutions of hydrophobic amino acids from amino acids 56-61, amino acids 103-106, amino acids 198-201, or amino acids 243-248 of SEQ ID NO:
17 can be replaced with phenylalanine. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/B HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 56-61, amino acids 103-106, amino acids 198-201, or amino acids 243-248 of SEQ ID NO: 17. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/B HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 56-61, amino acids 103-106, amino acids 198-201, or amino acids 243-248 of SEQ ID NO: 17. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/B HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 56-61, amino acids 103-106, amino acids 198-201, or amino acids 243-248 of SEQ ID NO: 17. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/B HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 56-61, amino acids 103-106, amino acids 198-201, or amino acids 243-248 of SEQ ID NO: 17.

[0311] In another embodiment, a binding domain comprises a f3-trefoil domain derived from a BoNT/C1 HA-33 of SEQ ID NO: 18. In another embodiment, a binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil domain derived from a BoNT/C1 HA-33 comprises amino acids 10-141 or amino acids 148-285 of SEQ ID NO:

18. In another aspect of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil domain derived from a BoNT/C1 HA-33 comprises a 1a-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/C1 HA-33, a 1(3-fold motif of a (3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/C1 HA-33, a 1 y-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/C1 HA-33, a 2a-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/C1 HA-33, a 2(3-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/C1 HA-33, or a 2y-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/C1 HA-33 of SEQ ID NO: 18.
In another aspect of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil domain derived from a BoNT/C1 HA-33 comprises amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-98, amino acids 103-141, amino acids 148-190, amino acids 195-234, or amino acids 241-285 of SEQ ID NO: 18.

[0312] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/Cl HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-98, amino acids 103-141, amino acids 148-190, amino acids 195-234, or amino acids 241-285 of SEQ ID NO: 18, at least 75% amino acid identity with amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-98, amino acids 103-141, amino acids 148-190, amino acids 195-234, or amino acids 241-285 of SEQ ID
NO: 18, at least 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-100, amino acids 105-144, amino acids 151-195, amino acids 200-242, or amino acids 249-293 of SEQ
ID NO: 9, at least 85%
amino acid identity with amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-98, amino acids 103-141, amino acids 148-190, amino acids 195-234, or amino acids 241-285 of SEQ ID NO: 18, at least 90% amino acid identity with amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-98, amino acids 103-141, amino acids 148-190, amino acids 195-234, or amino acids 241-285 of SEQ ID NO: 18 or at least 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-98, amino acids 103-141, amino acids 148-190, amino acids 195-234, or amino acids 241-285 of SEQ ID NO: 18. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/Cl HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-98, amino acids 103-141, amino acids 148-190, amino acids 195-234, or amino acids 241-285 of SEQ ID NO: 18, at most 75% amino acid identity with amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-98, amino acids 103-141, amino acids 148-190, amino acids 195-234, or amino acids 241-285 of SEQ ID NO: 18, at most 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-98, amino acids 103-141, amino acids 148-190, amino acids 195-234, or amino acids 241-285 of SEQ
ID NO: 18, at most 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-98, amino acids 103-141, amino acids 148-190, amino acids 195-234, or amino acids 241-285 of SEQ
ID NO: 18, at most 90%
amino acid identity with amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-98, amino acids 103-141, amino acids 148-190, amino acids 195-234, or amino acids 241-285 of SEQ ID NO: 18 or at most 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-98, amino acids 103-141, amino acids 148-190, amino acids 195-234, or amino acids 241-285 of SEQ ID NO: 18.

[0313] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/Cl HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, or 20 non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-98, amino acids 103-141, amino acids 148-190, amino acids 195-234, or amino acids 241-285 of SEQ ID
NO: 18. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/Cl HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-98, amino acids 103-141, amino acids 148-190, amino acids 195-234, or amino acids 241-285 of SEQ ID NO: 18.
In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/C1 HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-98, amino acids 103-141, amino acids 148-190, amino acids 195-234, or amino acids 241-285 of SEQ
ID NO: 18. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/C1 HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-98, amino acids 103-141, amino acids 148-190, amino acids 195-234, or amino acids 241-285 of SEQ ID NO:
18. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/C1 HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-98, amino acids 103-141, amino acids 148-190, amino acids 195-234, or amino acids 241-285 of SEQ ID NO:
18. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/C1 HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-98, amino acids 103-141, amino acids 148-190, amino acids 195-234, or amino acids 241-285 of SEQ ID NO:
18.

[0314] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/C1 HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, or 20 contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-98, amino acids 103-141, amino acids 148-190, amino acids 195-234, or amino acids 241-285 of SEQ ID NO: 18.
In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/C1 HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-98, amino acids 103-141, amino acids 148-190, amino acids 195-234, or amino acids 241-285 of SEQ
ID NO: 18. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/C1 HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-98, amino acids 103-141, amino acids 148-190, amino acids 195-234, or amino acids 241-285 of SEQ ID NO: 18. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/C1 HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-98, amino acids 103-141, amino acids 148-190, amino acids 195-234, or amino acids 241-285 of SEQ ID NO: 18. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/C1 HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-98, amino acids 103-141, amino acids 148-190, amino acids 195-234, or amino acids 241-285 of SEQ ID NO: 18. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/C1 HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-98, amino acids 103-141, amino acids 148-190, amino acids 195-234, or amino acids 241-285 of SEQ ID NO: 18.

[0315] In another embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/C1 HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a 1(34/(35 hairpin turn of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/C1 HA-33, a 1(38/(39 hairpin turn of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/C1 HA-33, a 2(34/(35 hairpin turn of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/C1 HA-33 or a 2(38/(39 hairpin turn of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/C1 HA-33 of SEQ ID NO:
18. In another aspect of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/C1 HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises amino acids 55-59, amino acids 99-102, amino acids 191-194, or amino acids 235-240 of SEQ ID
NO: 18.

[0316] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/C1 HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 55-59, amino acids 99-102, amino acids 191-194, or amino acids 235-240 of SEQ ID NO:
18, at least 75%
amino acid identity with amino acids 55-59, amino acids 99-102, amino acids 191-194, or amino acids 235-240 of SEQ ID NO: 18, at least 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 55-59, amino acids 99-102, amino acids 191-194, or amino acids 235-240 of SEQ ID NO: 18, at least 85%
amino acid identity with amino acids 55-59, amino acids 99-102, amino acids 191-194, or amino acids 235-240 of SEQ ID NO:
18, at least 90% amino acid identity with amino acids 55-59, amino acids 99-102, amino acids 191-194, or amino acids 235-240 of SEQ ID NO: 18 or at least 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 55-59, amino acids 99-102, amino acids 191-194, or amino acids 235-240 of SEQ ID NO:
18. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/C1 HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 55-59, amino acids 99-102, amino acids 191-194, or amino acids 235-240 of SEQ ID NO: 18, at most 75%
amino acid identity with amino acids 55-59, amino acids 99-102, amino acids 191-194, or amino acids 235-240 of SEQ ID NO:
18, at most 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 55-59, amino acids 99-102, amino acids 191-194, or amino acids 235-240 of SEQ ID NO: 18, at most 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 55-59, amino acids 99-102, amino acids 191-194, or amino acids 235-240 of SEQ ID NO:
18, at most 90%
amino acid identity with amino acids 55-59, amino acids 99-102, amino acids 191-194, or amino acids 235-240 of SEQ ID NO: 18 or at most 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 55-59, amino acids 99-102, amino acids 191-194, or amino acids 235-240 of SEQ ID NO: 18.

[0317] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/C1 HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 55-59, amino acids 99-102, amino acids 191-194, or amino acids 235-240 of SEQ ID NO: 18. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/C1 HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 55-59, amino acids 99-102, amino acids 191-194, or amino acids 235-240 of SEQ ID NO: 18. In other aspects of this embodiment, a non-contiguous amino acid substitution of any amino acid from amino acids 55-59, amino acids 99-102, amino acids 191-194, or amino acids 235-240 of SEQ ID NO: 18 can be replaced with glycine. In other aspects of this embodiment, a non-contiguous amino acid substitution of any hydrophobic amino acid from amino acids 55-59, amino acids 99-102, amino acids 191-194, or amino acids 235-240 of SEQ ID NO: 18 can be replaced with phenylalanine. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a f3-trefoil domain with enhanced binding activity derived from a BoNT/C1 HA-33 comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 55-59, amino acids 99-102, amino acids 191-194, or amino acids 235-240 of SEQ ID NO: 18. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/C1 HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 55-59, amino acids 99-102, amino acids 191-194, or amino acids 235-240 of SEQ
ID NO: 18. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/C1 HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 55-59, amino acids 99-102, amino acids 191-194, or amino acids 235-240 of SEQ
ID NO: 18. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/C1 HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 55-59, amino acids 99-102, amino acids 191-194, or amino acids 235-240 of SEQ ID NO: 18.

[0318] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/C1 HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 55-59, amino acids 99-102, amino acids 191-194, or amino acids 235-240 of SEQ ID NO: 18. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/C1 HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 55-59, amino acids 99-102, amino acids 191-194, or amino acids 235-240 of SEQ ID NO: 18. In other aspects of this embodiment, contiguous amino acid substitutions of amino acids from amino acids 55-59, amino acids 99-102, amino acids 191-194, or amino acids 235-240 of SEQ ID NO: 18 can be replaced with glycine. In other aspects of this embodiment, contiguous amino acid substitutions of hydrophobic amino acids from amino acids 55-59, amino acids 99-102, amino acids 191-194, or amino acids 235-240 of SEQ ID NO:
18 can be replaced with phenylalanine. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/C1 HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 55-59, amino acids 99-102, amino acids 191-194, or amino acids 235-240 of SEQ ID NO: 18. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/C1 HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 55-59, amino acids 99-102, amino acids 191-194, or amino acids 235-240 of SEQ ID NO: 18. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/C1 HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 55-59, amino acids 99-102, amino acids 191-194, or amino acids 235-240 of SEQ ID NO: 18. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/C1 HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 55-59, amino acids 99-102, amino acids 191-194, or amino acids 235-240 of SEQ ID NO: 18.

[0319] In another embodiment, a binding domain comprises a f3-trefoil domain derived from a BoNT/C1 HA-33 of SEQ ID NO: 19. In another embodiment, a binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil domain derived from a BoNT/C1 HA-33 comprises amino acids 10-141 or amino acids 148-286 of SEQ ID NO:
19. In another aspect of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil domain derived from a BoNT/C1 HA-33 comprises a 1a-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/C1 HA-33, a 1(3-fold motif of a (3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/C1 HA-33, a 1 y-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/C1 HA-33, a 2a-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/C1 HA-33, a 2(3-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/C1 HA-33, or a 2y-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/C1 HA-33 of SEQ ID NO: 19.
In another aspect of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil domain derived from a BoNT/C1 HA-33 comprises amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-98, amino acids 103-141, amino acids 148-190, amino acids 195-235, or amino acids 242-286 of SEQ ID NO: 19.

[0320] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/Cl HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-98, amino acids 103-141, amino acids 148-190, amino acids 195-235, or amino acids 242-286 of SEQ ID NO: 19, at least 75% amino acid identity with amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-98, amino acids 103-141, amino acids 148-190, amino acids 195-235, or amino acids 242-286 of SEQ ID
NO: 19, at least 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-100, amino acids 105-144, amino acids 151-195, amino acids 200-242, or amino acids 249-293 of SEQ
ID NO: 9, at least 85%
amino acid identity with amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-98, amino acids 103-141, amino acids 148-190, amino acids 195-235, or amino acids 242-286 of SEQ ID NO: 19, at least 90% amino acid identity with amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-98, amino acids 103-141, amino acids 148-190, amino acids 195-235, or amino acids 242-286 of SEQ ID NO: 19 or at least 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-98, amino acids 103-141, amino acids 148-190, amino acids 195-235, or amino acids 242-286 of SEQ ID NO: 19. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/Cl HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-98, amino acids 103-141, amino acids 148-190, amino acids 195-235, or amino acids 242-286 of SEQ ID NO: 19, at most 75% amino acid identity with amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-98, amino acids 103-141, amino acids 148-190, amino acids 195-235, or amino acids 242-286 of SEQ ID NO: 19, at most 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-98, amino acids 103-141, amino acids 148-190, amino acids 195-235, or amino acids 242-286 of SEQ
ID NO: 19, at most 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-98, amino acids 103-141, amino acids 148-190, amino acids 195-235, or amino acids 242-286 of SEQ
ID NO: 19, at most 90%
amino acid identity with amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-98, amino acids 103-141, amino acids 148-190, amino acids 195-235, or amino acids 242-286 of SEQ ID NO: 19 or at most 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-98, amino acids 103-141, amino acids 148-190, amino acids 195-235, or amino acids 242-286 of SEQ ID NO: 19.

[0321] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/Cl HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, or 20 non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-98, amino acids 103-141, amino acids 148-190, amino acids 195-235, or amino acids 242-286 of SEQ ID
NO: 19. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/C1 HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-98, amino acids 103-141, amino acids 148-190, amino acids 195-235, or amino acids 242-286 of SEQ ID NO: 19.
In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/C1 HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-98, amino acids 103-141, amino acids 148-190, amino acids 195-235, or amino acids 242-286 of SEQ
ID NO: 19. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/C1 HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-98, amino acids 103-141, amino acids 148-190, amino acids 195-235, or amino acids 242-286 of SEQ ID NO:
19. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/C1 HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-98, amino acids 103-141, amino acids 148-190, amino acids 195-235, or amino acids 242-286 of SEQ ID NO:
19. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/C1 HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-98, amino acids 103-141, amino acids 148-190, amino acids 195-235, or amino acids 242-286 of SEQ ID NO:
19.

[0322] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/C1 HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, or 20 contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-98, amino acids 103-141, amino acids 148-190, amino acids 195-235, or amino acids 242-286 of SEQ ID NO: 19.
In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/C1 HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-98, amino acids 103-141, amino acids 148-190, amino acids 195-235, or amino acids 242-286 of SEQ
ID NO: 19. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/C1 HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-98, amino acids 103-141, amino acids 148-190, amino acids 195-235, or amino acids 242-286 of SEQ ID NO: 19. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/C1 HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-98, amino acids 103-141, amino acids 148-190, amino acids 195-235, or amino acids 242-286 of SEQ ID NO: 19. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/C1 HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-98, amino acids 103-141, amino acids 148-190, amino acids 195-235, or amino acids 242-286 of SEQ ID NO: 19. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/C1 HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-98, amino acids 103-141, amino acids 148-190, amino acids 195-235, or amino acids 242-286 of SEQ ID NO: 19.

[0323] In another embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/C1 HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a 1(34/(35 hairpin turn of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/C1 HA-33, a 1(38/(39 hairpin turn of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/C1 HA-33, a 2(34/(35 hairpin turn of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/C1 HA-33 or a 2(38/(39 hairpin turn of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/C1 HA-33 of SEQ ID NO:
19. In another aspect of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/C1 HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises amino acids 55-59, amino acids 99-102, amino acids 191-194, or amino acids 236-241 of SEQ ID
NO: 19.

[0324] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/C1 HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 55-59, amino acids 99-102, amino acids 191-194, or amino acids 236-241 of SEQ ID NO:
19, at least 75%
amino acid identity with amino acids 55-59, amino acids 99-102, amino acids 191-194, or amino acids 236-241 of SEQ ID NO: 19, at least 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 55-59, amino acids 99-102, amino acids 191-194, or amino acids 236-241 of SEQ ID NO: 19, at least 85%
amino acid identity with amino acids 55-59, amino acids 99-102, amino acids 191-194, or amino acids 236-241 of SEQ ID NO:
19, at least 90% amino acid identity with amino acids 55-59, amino acids 99-102, amino acids 191-194, or amino acids 236-241 of SEQ ID NO: 19 or at least 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 55-59, amino acids 99-102, amino acids 191-194, or amino acids 236-241 of SEQ ID NO:
19. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/C1 HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 55-59, amino acids 99-102, amino acids 191-194, or amino acids 236-241 of SEQ ID NO: 19, at most 75%
amino acid identity with amino acids 55-59, amino acids 99-102, amino acids 191-194, or amino acids 236-241 of SEQ ID NO:
19, at most 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 55-59, amino acids 99-102, amino acids 191-194, or amino acids 236-241 of SEQ ID NO: 19, at most 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 55-59, amino acids 99-102, amino acids 191-194, or amino acids 236-241 of SEQ ID NO:
19, at most 90%
amino acid identity with amino acids 55-59, amino acids 99-102, amino acids 191-194, or amino acids 236-241 of SEQ ID NO: 19 or at most 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 55-59, amino acids 99-102, amino acids 191-194, or amino acids 236-241 of SEQ ID NO: 19.

[0325] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/C1 HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 55-59, amino acids 99-102, amino acids 191-194, or amino acids 236-241 of SEQ ID NO: 19. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/C1 HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 55-59, amino acids 99-102, amino acids 191-194, or amino acids 236-241 of SEQ ID NO: 19. In other aspects of this embodiment, a non-contiguous amino acid substitution of any amino acid from amino acids 55-59, amino acids 99-102, amino acids 191-194, or amino acids 236-241 of SEQ ID NO: 19 can be replaced with glycine. In other aspects of this embodiment, a non-contiguous amino acid substitution of any hydrophobic amino acid from amino acids 55-59, amino acids 99-102, amino acids 191-194, or amino acids 236-241 of SEQ ID NO: 19 can be replaced with phenylalanine. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a f3-trefoil domain with enhanced binding activity derived from a BoNT/C1 HA-33 comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 55-59, amino acids 99-102, amino acids 191-194, or amino acids 236-241 of SEQ ID NO: 19. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/C1 HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 55-59, amino acids 99-102, amino acids 191-194, or amino acids 236-241 of SEQ
ID NO: 19. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/C1 HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 55-59, amino acids 99-102, amino acids 191-194, or amino acids 236-241 of SEQ
ID NO: 19. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/C1 HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 55-59, amino acids 99-102, amino acids 191-194, or amino acids 236-241 of SEQ ID NO: 19.

[0326] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/C1 HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 55-59, amino acids 99-102, amino acids 191-194, or amino acids 236-241 of SEQ ID NO: 19. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/C1 HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 55-59, amino acids 99-102, amino acids 191-194, or amino acids 236-241 of SEQ ID NO: 19. In other aspects of this embodiment, contiguous amino acid substitutions of amino acids from amino acids 55-59, amino acids 99-102, amino acids 191-194, or amino acids 236-241 of SEQ ID NO: 19 can be replaced with glycine. In other aspects of this embodiment, contiguous amino acid substitutions of hydrophobic amino acids from amino acids 55-59, amino acids 99-102, amino acids 191-194, or amino acids 236-241 of SEQ ID NO:
19 can be replaced with phenylalanine. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/C1 HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 55-59, amino acids 99-102, amino acids 191-194, or amino acids 236-241 of SEQ ID NO: 19. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/C1 HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 55-59, amino acids 99-102, amino acids 191-194, or amino acids 236-241 of SEQ ID NO: 19. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/C1 HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 55-59, amino acids 99-102, amino acids 191-194, or amino acids 236-241 of SEQ ID NO: 19. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/C1 HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 55-59, amino acids 99-102, amino acids 191-194, or amino acids 236-241 of SEQ ID NO: 19.

[0327] In another embodiment, a binding domain comprises a f3-trefoil domain derived from a BoNT/D
HA-33 of SEQ ID NO: 20. In another embodiment, a binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil domain derived from a BoNT/D HA-33 comprises amino acids 10-141 or amino acids 148-286 of SEQ ID NO: 20.
In another aspect of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil domain derived from a BoNT/D HA-33 comprises a 1a-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/D HA-33, a 1(3-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/D HA-33, a ly-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/D HA-33, a 2a-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/D HA-33, a 2(3-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/D HA-33, or a 2y-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/D HA-33 of SEQ ID NO: 20. In another aspect of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil domain derived from a BoNT/D HA-33 comprises amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-98, amino acids 103-141, amino acids 148-190, amino acids 195-235, or amino acids 242-286 of SEQ ID NO: 20.

[0328] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/D HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-98, amino acids 103-141, amino acids 148-190, amino acids 195-235, or amino acids 242-286 of SEQ ID NO: 20, at least 75% amino acid identity with amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-98, amino acids 103-141, amino acids 148-190, amino acids 195-235, or amino acids 242-286 of SEQ ID
NO: 20, at least 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-100, amino acids 105-144, amino acids 151-195, amino acids 200-242, or amino acids 249-293 of SEQ
ID NO: 9, at least 85%
amino acid identity with amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-98, amino acids 103-141, amino acids 148-190, amino acids 195-235, or amino acids 242-286 of SEQ ID NO: 20, at least 90% amino acid identity with amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-98, amino acids 103-141, amino acids 148-190, amino acids 195-235, or amino acids 242-286 of SEQ ID NO: 20 or at least 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-98, amino acids 103-141, amino acids 148-190, amino acids 195-235, or amino acids 242-286 of SEQ ID NO: 20. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/D HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-98, amino acids 103-141, amino acids 148-190, amino acids 195-235, or amino acids 242-286 of SEQ ID NO: 20, at most 75% amino acid identity with amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-98, amino acids 103-141, amino acids 148-190, amino acids 195-235, or amino acids 242-286 of SEQ ID NO: 20, at most 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-98, amino acids 103-141, amino acids 148-190, amino acids 195-235, or amino acids 242-286 of SEQ
ID NO: 20, at most 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-98, amino acids 103-141, amino acids 148-190, amino acids 195-235, or amino acids 242-286 of SEQ
ID NO: 20, at most 90%
amino acid identity with amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-98, amino acids 103-141, amino acids 148-190, amino acids 195-235, or amino acids 242-286 of SEQ ID NO: 20 or at most 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-98, amino acids 103-141, amino acids 148-190, amino acids 195-235, or amino acids 242-286 of SEQ ID NO: 20.

[0329] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/D HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, or 20 non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-98, amino acids 103-141, amino acids 148-190, amino acids 195-235, or amino acids 242-286 of SEQ ID
NO: 20. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/D HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-98, amino acids 103-141, amino acids 148-190, amino acids 195-235, or amino acids 242-286 of SEQ ID NO: 20.
In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/D
HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-98, amino acids 103-141, amino acids 148-190, amino acids 195-235, or amino acids 242-286 of SEQ
ID NO: 20. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/D HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-98, amino acids 103-141, amino acids 148-190, amino acids 195-235, or amino acids 242-286 of SEQ ID NO:
20. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/D HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-98, amino acids 103-141, amino acids 148-190, amino acids 195-235, or amino acids 242-286 of SEQ ID NO:
20. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/D HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-98, amino acids 103-141, amino acids 148-190, amino acids 195-235, or amino acids 242-286 of SEQ ID NO:
20.

[0330] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/D HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-98, amino acids 103-141, amino acids 148-190, amino acids 195-235, or amino acids 242-286 of SEQ ID NO: 20.
In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/D HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-98, amino acids 103-141, amino acids 148-190, amino acids 195-235, or amino acids 242-286 of SEQ
ID NO: 20. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/D HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-98, amino acids 103-141, amino acids 148-190, amino acids 195-235, or amino acids 242-286 of SEQ ID NO: 20. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/D HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-98, amino acids 103-141, amino acids 148-190, amino acids 195-235, or amino acids 242-286 of SEQ ID NO: 20. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/D HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-98, amino acids 103-141, amino acids 148-190, amino acids 195-235, or amino acids 242-286 of SEQ ID NO: 20. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/D HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 10-54, amino acids 60-98, amino acids 103-141, amino acids 148-190, amino acids 195-235, or amino acids 242-286 of SEQ ID NO: 20.

[0331] In another embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/D HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a 1(34/(35 hairpin turn of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/D HA-33, a 1(38/(39 hairpin turn of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/D HA-33, a 2(34/(35 hairpin turn of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/D HA-33 or a 2(38/(39 hairpin turn of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/D HA-33 of SEQ ID NO:
20. In another aspect of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/D HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises amino acids 55-59, amino acids 99-102, amino acids 191-194, or amino acids 236-241 of SEQ ID
NO: 20.

[0332] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/D HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 55-59, amino acids 99-102, amino acids 191-194, or amino acids 236-241 of SEQ ID NO:
20, at least 75%
amino acid identity with amino acids 55-59, amino acids 99-102, amino acids 191-194, or amino acids 236-241 of SEQ ID NO: 20, at least 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 55-59, amino acids 99-102, amino acids 191-194, or amino acids 236-241 of SEQ ID NO: 20, at least 85%
amino acid identity with amino acids 55-59, amino acids 99-102, amino acids 191-194, or amino acids 236-241 of SEQ ID NO:
20, at least 90% amino acid identity with amino acids 55-59, amino acids 99-102, amino acids 191-194, or amino acids 236-241 of SEQ ID NO: 20 or at least 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 55-59, amino acids 99-102, amino acids 191-194, or amino acids 236-241 of SEQ ID NO:
20. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/D HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 55-59, amino acids 99-102, amino acids 191-194, or amino acids 236-241 of SEQ ID NO: 20, at most 75%
amino acid identity with amino acids 55-59, amino acids 99-102, amino acids 191-194, or amino acids 236-241 of SEQ ID NO:
20, at most 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 55-59, amino acids 99-102, amino acids 191-194, or amino acids 236-241 of SEQ ID NO: 20, at most 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 55-59, amino acids 99-102, amino acids 191-194, or amino acids 236-241 of SEQ ID NO:
20, at most 90%
amino acid identity with amino acids 55-59, amino acids 99-102, amino acids 191-194, or amino acids 236-241 of SEQ ID NO: 20 or at most 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 55-59, amino acids 99-102, amino acids 191-194, or amino acids 236-241 of SEQ ID NO: 20.

[0333] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/D HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 55-59, amino acids 99-102, amino acids 191-194, or amino acids 236-241 of SEQ ID NO: 20. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/D

HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 55-59, amino acids 99-102, amino acids 191-194, or amino acids 236-241 of SEQ ID NO: 20. In other aspects of this embodiment, a non-contiguous amino acid substitution of any amino acid from amino acids 55-59, amino acids 99-102, amino acids 191-194, or amino acids 236-241 of SEQ ID NO: 20 can be replaced with glycine. In other aspects of this embodiment, a non-contiguous amino acid substitution of any hydrophobic amino acid from amino acids 55-59, amino acids 99-102, amino acids 191-194, or amino acids 236-241 of SEQ
ID NO: 20 can be replaced with phenylalanine. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a f3-trefoil domain with enhanced binding activity derived from a BoNT/D HA-33 comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 55-59, amino acids 99-102, amino acids 191-194, or amino acids 236-241 of SEQ ID NO: 20. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/D HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 55-59, amino acids 99-102, amino acids 191-194, or amino acids 236-241 of SEQ ID NO: 20. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/D HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 55-59, amino acids 99-102, amino acids 191-194, or amino acids 236-241 of SEQ
ID NO: 20. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/D HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 55-59, amino acids 99-102, amino acids 191-194, or amino acids 236-241 of SEQ ID NO:
20.

[0334] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/D HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 55-59, amino acids 99-102, amino acids 191-194, or amino acids 236-241 of SEQ ID NO: 20. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/D
HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 55-59, amino acids 99-102, amino acids 191-194, or amino acids 236-241 of SEQ ID NO: 20. In other aspects of this embodiment, contiguous amino acid substitutions of amino acids from amino acids 55-59, amino acids 99-102, amino acids 191-194, or amino acids 236-241 of SEQ ID NO: 20 can be replaced with glycine. In other aspects of this embodiment, contiguous amino acid substitutions of hydrophobic amino acids from amino acids 55-59, amino acids 99-102, amino acids 191-194, or amino acids 236-241 of SEQ ID NO: 20 can be replaced with phenylalanine. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/D HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 55-59, amino acids 99-102, amino acids 191-194, or amino acids 236-241 of SEQ ID NO: 20. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/D
HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 55-59, amino acids 99-102, amino acids 191-194, or amino acids 236-241 of SEQ ID NO: 20. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/D HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 55-59, amino acids 99-102, amino acids 191-194, or amino acids 236-241 of SEQ ID NO: 20. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/D HA-33 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 55-59, amino acids 99-102, amino acids 191-194, or amino acids 236-241 of SEQ ID NO: 20.

[0335] In another embodiment, a binding domain comprises a f3-trefoil domain derived from a Clostridial HA-17. In an aspect of this embodiment, a f3-trefoil domain derived from a Clostridial HA-17 comprises, e.g., a f3-trefoil domain derived from a BoNT/A HA-17, a f3-trefoil domain derived from a BoNT/B HA-17, a f3-trefoil domain derived from a BoNT/C1 HA-17 or a f3-trefoil domain derived from a BoNT/D HA-17. In another aspect of this embodiment, a f3-trefoil domain derived from a Clostridial HA-17 comprises an a-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/A HA-17, a(3-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/A HA-17, or a y-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/A HA-17. In another aspect of this embodiment, a 11-trefoil domain derived from a Clostridial HA-17 comprises an a-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/B HA-17, a(3-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/B HA-17, or a y-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/B HA-17. In another aspect of this embodiment, a f3-trefoil domain derived from a Clostridial HA-17 comprises an a-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/C1 HA-17, a(3-fold motif of a (3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/C1 HA-17, or a y-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/C1 HA-17. In another aspect of this embodiment, a f3-trefoil domain derived from a Clostridial HA-17 comprises an a-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/D HA-17, a(3-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/D HA-17, or a y-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/D HA-17.

[0336] In another embodiment, a binding domain comprises a f3-trefoil domain derived from a BoNT/A
HA-17 of SEQ ID NO: 21. In another embodiment, a binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil domain derived from a BoNT/A HA-17 comprises amino acids 9-146 of SEQ ID NO: 21. In another aspect of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil domain derived from a BoNT/A HA-17 comprises a a-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/A HA-17, a(3-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/A HA-17 or a y-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/A HA-17 of SEQ ID NO: 21.
In another aspect of this embodiment, a f3-trefoil domain derived from a BoNT/A HA-17 comprises amino acids 9-50, amino acids 55-91, or amino acids 95-146 of SEQ ID NO: 21.

[0337] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A HA-17 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 9-50, amino acids 55-91, or amino acids 95-146 of SEQ ID NO: 21, at least 75% amino acid identity with amino acids 9-50, amino acids 55-91, or amino acids 95-146 of SEQ ID NO: 21, at least 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 9-50, amino acids 55-91, or amino acids 95-146 of SEQ ID NO:
21, at least 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 9-50, amino acids 55-91, or amino acids 95-146 of SEQ ID NO: 21, at least 90% amino acid identity with amino acids 9-50, amino acids 55-91, or amino acids 95-146 of SEQ ID NO:
21 or at least 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 9-50, amino acids 55-91, or amino acids 95-146 of SEQ ID NO: 21. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A HA-17 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 9-50, amino acids 55-91, or amino acids 95-146 of SEQ ID NO: 21, at most 75% amino acid identity with amino acids 9-50, amino acids 55-91, or amino acids 95-146 of SEQ ID NO:
21, at most 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 9-50, amino acids 55-91, or amino acids 95-146 of SEQ ID NO: 21, at most 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 9-50, amino acids 55-91, or amino acids 95-146 of SEQ ID NO:
21, at most 90% amino acid identity with amino acids 9-50, amino acids 55-91, or amino acids 95-146 of SEQ ID NO: 21 or at most 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 9-50, amino acids 55-91, or amino acids 95-146 of SEQ ID NO: 21.

[0338] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A HA-17 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, or 20 non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 9-50, amino acids 55-91, or amino acids 95-146 of SEQ ID NO: 21. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A HA-17 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 9-50, amino acids 55-91, or amino acids 95-146 of SEQ ID NO: 21.
In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A HA-17 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 9-50, amino acids 55-91, or amino acids 95-146 of SEQ ID NO: 21.
In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A HA-17 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 9-50, amino acids 55-91, or amino acids 95-146 of SEQ ID NO: 21. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A
HA-17 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 9-50, amino acids 55-91, or amino acids 95-146 of SEQ ID NO: 21. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A HA-17 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 9-50, amino acids 55-91, or amino acids 95-146 of SEQ ID NO: 21.

[0339] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A HA-17 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 9-50, amino acids 55-91, or amino acids 95-146 of SEQ ID NO: 21. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A HA-17 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 9-50, amino acids 55-91, or amino acids 95-146 of SEQ ID NO: 21. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A HA-17 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 9-50, amino acids 55-91, or amino acids 95-146 of SEQ ID NO:
21. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A HA-17 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 9-50, amino acids 55-91, or amino acids 95-146 of SEQ ID NO: 21. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A
HA-17 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 9-50, amino acids 55-91, or amino acids 95-146 of SEQ ID NO: 21. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A HA-17 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 9-50, amino acids 55-91, or amino acids 95-146 of SEQ ID NO: 21.

[0340] In another embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A HA-17 f3-trefoil domain comprises a(34/(35 hairpin turn of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/A HA-17 or a(38/(39 hairpin turn of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/A HA-17 of SEQ ID NO: 21. In another aspect of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A HA-17 f3-trefoil domain comprises amino acids 51-54 or amino acids 92-94 of SEQ ID NO: 21.

[0341] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A HA-17 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 51-54 or amino acids 92-94 of SEQ ID NO: 21, at least 75% amino acid identity with amino acids 51-54 or amino acids 92-94 of SEQ ID NO: 21, at least 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 51-54 or amino acids 92-94 of SEQ ID NO: 21, at least 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 51-54 or amino acids 92-94 of SEQ ID NO: 21, at least 90% amino acid identity with amino acids 51-54 or amino acids 92-94 of SEQ ID
NO: 21 or at least 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 51-54 or amino acids 92-94 of SEQ ID NO:
21. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A HA-17 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 51-54 or amino acids 92-94 of SEQ ID NO: 21, at most 75% amino acid identity with amino acids 51-54 or amino acids 92-94 of SEQ ID NO: 21, at most 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 51-54 or amino acids 92-94 of SEQ ID NO: 21, at most 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 51-54 or amino acids 92-94 of SEQ ID NO: 21, at most 90% amino acid identity with amino acids 51-54 or amino acids 92-94 of SEQ ID
NO: 21 or at most 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 51-54 or amino acids 92-94 of SEQ ID NO:
21.

[0342] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A HA-17 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 51-54 or amino acids 92-94 of SEQ ID NO:
21. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A HA-17 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 51-54 or amino acids 92-94 of SEQ ID NO: 21. In other aspects of this embodiment, a non-contiguous amino acid substitution of any amino acid from amino acids 51-54 or amino acids 92-94 of SEQ ID NO: 21 can be replaced with glycine. In other aspects of this embodiment, a non-contiguous amino acid substitution of any hydrophobic amino acid from amino acids 51-54 or amino acids 92-94 of SEQ ID NO: 21 can be replaced with phenylalanine. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A HA-17 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 51-54 or amino acids 92-94 of SEQ ID NO: 21. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A HA-17 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 51-54 or amino acids 92-94 of SEQ
ID NO: 21. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A HA-17 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 51-54 or amino acids 92-94 of SEQ ID NO: 21. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A HA-17 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 51-54 or amino acids 92-94 of SEQ ID NO: 21.

[0343] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A HA-17 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 51-54 or amino acids 92-94 of SEQ ID NO:
21. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A HA-17 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 51-54 or amino acids 92-94 of SEQ ID NO: 21. In other aspects of this embodiment, contiguous amino acid substitutions of amino acids from amino acids 51-54 or amino acids 92-94 of SEQ ID NO: 21 can be replaced with glycine. In other aspects of this embodiment, contiguous amino acid substitutions of hydrophobic amino acids from amino acids 51-54 or amino acids 92-94 of SEQ ID
NO: 21 can be replaced with phenylalanine. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a f3-trefoil domain with enhanced binding activity derived from a BoNT/A HA-17 comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 51-54 or amino acids 92-94 of SEQ
ID NO: 21. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A HA-17 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 51-54 or amino acids 92-94 of SEQ ID NO: 21.
In still other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A HA-17 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 51-54 or amino acids 92-94 of SEQ ID NO: 21. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A HA-17 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 51-54 or amino acids 92-94 of SEQ
ID NO: 21.

[0344] In another embodiment, a binding domain comprises a f3-trefoil domain derived from a BoNT/B
HA-17 of SEQ ID NO: 22. In another embodiment, a binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil domain derived from a BoNT/B HA-17 comprises amino acids 9-146 of SEQ ID NO: 22. In another aspect of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil domain derived from a BoNT/B HA-17 comprises a a-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/B HA-17, a(3-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/B HA-17 or a y-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/B HA-17 of SEQ ID NO: 22.
In another aspect of this embodiment, a f3-trefoil domain derived from a BoNT/B HA-17 comprises amino acids 9-50, amino acids 55-91, or amino acids 95-146 of SEQ ID NO: 22.

[0345] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/B HA-17 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 9-50, amino acids 55-91, or amino acids 95-146 of SEQ ID NO: 22, at least 75% amino acid identity with amino acids 9-50, amino acids 55-91, or amino acids 95-146 of SEQ ID NO: 22, at least 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 9-50, amino acids 55-91, or amino acids 95-146 of SEQ ID NO:
22, at least 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 9-50, amino acids 55-91, or amino acids 95-146 of SEQ ID NO: 22, at least 90% amino acid identity with amino acids 9-50, amino acids 55-91, or amino acids 95-146 of SEQ ID NO:
22 or at least 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 9-50, amino acids 55-91, or amino acids 95-146 of SEQ ID NO: 22. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/B HA-17 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 9-50, amino acids 55-91, or amino acids 95-146 of SEQ ID NO: 22, at most 75% amino acid identity with amino acids 9-50, amino acids 55-91, or amino acids 95-146 of SEQ ID NO:
22, at most 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 9-50, amino acids 55-91, or amino acids 95-146 of SEQ ID NO: 22, at most 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 9-50, amino acids 55-91, or amino acids 95-146 of SEQ ID NO:
22, at most 90% amino acid identity with amino acids 9-50, amino acids 55-91, or amino acids 95-146 of SEQ ID NO: 22 or at most 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 9-50, amino acids 55-91, or amino acids 95-146 of SEQ ID NO: 22.

[0346] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/B HA-17 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, or 20 non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 9-50, amino acids 55-91, or amino acids 95-146 of SEQ ID NO: 22. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/B HA-17 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 9-50, amino acids 55-91, or amino acids 95-146 of SEQ ID NO: 22.
In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/B HA-17 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 9-50, amino acids 55-91, or amino acids 95-146 of SEQ ID NO: 22.
In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/B HA-17 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 9-50, amino acids 55-91, or amino acids 95-146 of SEQ ID NO: 22. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/B
HA-17 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 9-50, amino acids 55-91, or amino acids 95-146 of SEQ ID NO: 22. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/B HA-17 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 9-50, amino acids 55-91, or amino acids 95-146 of SEQ ID NO: 22.

[0347] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/B HA-17 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, or 20 contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 9-50, amino acids 55-91, or amino acids 95-146 of SEQ ID NO: 22. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/B HA-17 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 9-50, amino acids 55-91, or amino acids 95-146 of SEQ ID NO: 22. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/B HA-17 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 9-50, amino acids 55-91, or amino acids 95-146 of SEQ ID NO:
22. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/B HA-17 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 9-50, amino acids 55-91, or amino acids 95-146 of SEQ ID NO: 22. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/B
HA-17 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 9-50, amino acids 55-91, or amino acids 95-146 of SEQ ID NO: 22. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/B HA-17 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 9-50, amino acids 55-91, or amino acids 95-146 of SEQ ID NO: 22.

[0348] In another embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/B HA-17 f3-trefoil domain comprises a(34/(35 hairpin turn of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/B HA-17 or a(38/(39 hairpin turn of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/B HA-17 of SEQ ID NO: 22. In another aspect of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/B HA-17 f3-trefoil domain comprises amino acids 51-54 or amino acids 92-94 of SEQ ID NO: 22.

[0349] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/B HA-17 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 51-54 or amino acids 92-94 of SEQ ID NO: 22, at least 75% amino acid identity with amino acids 51-54 or amino acids 92-94 of SEQ ID NO: 22, at least 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 51-54 or amino acids 92-94 of SEQ ID NO: 22, at least 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 51-54 or amino acids 92-94 of SEQ ID NO: 22, at least 90% amino acid identity with amino acids 51-54 or amino acids 92-94 of SEQ ID
NO: 22 or at least 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 51-54 or amino acids 92-94 of SEQ ID NO:
22. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/B HA-17 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 51-54 or amino acids 92-94 of SEQ ID NO: 22, at most 75% amino acid identity with amino acids 51-54 or amino acids 92-94 of SEQ ID NO: 22, at most 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 51-54 or amino acids 92-94 of SEQ ID NO: 22, at most 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 51-54 or amino acids 92-94 of SEQ ID NO: 22, at most 90% amino acid identity with amino acids 51-54 or amino acids 92-94 of SEQ ID

NO: 22 or at most 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 51-54 or amino acids 92-94 of SEQ ID NO:
22.

[0350] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/B HA-17 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 51-54 or amino acids 92-94 of SEQ ID NO:
22. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/B HA-17 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 51-54 or amino acids 92-94 of SEQ ID NO: 22. In other aspects of this embodiment, a non-contiguous amino acid substitution of any amino acid from amino acids 51-54 or amino acids 92-94 of SEQ ID NO: 22 can be replaced with glycine. In other aspects of this embodiment, a non-contiguous amino acid substitution of any hydrophobic amino acid from amino acids 51-54 or amino acids 92-94 of SEQ ID NO: 22 can be replaced with phenylalanine. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/B HA-17 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 51-54 or amino acids 92-94 of SEQ ID NO: 22. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/B HA-17 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 51-54 or amino acids 92-94 of SEQ
ID NO: 22. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/B HA-17 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 51-54 or amino acids 92-94 of SEQ ID NO: 22. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/B HA-17 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 51-54 or amino acids 92-94 of SEQ ID NO: 22.

[0351] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/B HA-17 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 51-54 or amino acids 92-94 of SEQ ID NO:
22. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/B HA-17 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 51-54 or amino acids 92-94 of SEQ ID NO: 22. In other aspects of this embodiment, contiguous amino acid substitutions of amino acids from amino acids 51-54 or amino acids 92-94 of SEQ ID NO: 22 can be replaced with glycine. In other aspects of this embodiment, contiguous amino acid substitutions of hydrophobic amino acids from amino acids 51-54 or amino acids 92-94 of SEQ ID
NO: 22 can be replaced with phenylalanine. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a f3-trefoil domain with enhanced binding activity derived from a BoNT/B HA-17 comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 51-54 or amino acids 92-94 of SEQ
ID NO: 22. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/B HA-17 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 51-54 or amino acids 92-94 of SEQ ID NO: 22.
In still other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/B HA-17 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 51-54 or amino acids 92-94 of SEQ ID NO: 22. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/B HA-17 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 51-54 or amino acids 92-94 of SEQ
ID NO: 22.

[0352] In another embodiment, a binding domain comprises a f3-trefoil domain derived from a BoNT/C1 HA-17 of SEQ ID NO: 23. In another embodiment, a binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil domain derived from a BoNT/C1 HA-17 comprises amino acids 9-146 of SEQ ID NO: 23. In another aspect of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil domain derived from a BoNT/C1 HA-17 comprises a a-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/C1 HA-17, a(3-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/C1 HA-17 or a y-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/C1 HA-17 of SEQ ID NO: 23. In another aspect of this embodiment, a f3-trefoil domain derived from a BoNT/C1 HA-17 comprises amino acids 9-50, amino acids 55-91, or amino acids 95-146 of SEQ ID NO: 23.

[0353] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/C1 HA-17 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 9-50, amino acids 55-91, or amino acids 95-146 of SEQ ID NO: 23, at least 75% amino acid identity with amino acids 9-50, amino acids 55-91, or amino acids 95-146 of SEQ ID NO: 23, at least 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 9-50, amino acids 55-91, or amino acids 95-146 of SEQ ID NO:
23, at least 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 9-50, amino acids 55-91, or amino acids 95-146 of SEQ ID NO: 23, at least 90% amino acid identity with amino acids 9-50, amino acids 55-91, or amino acids 95-146 of SEQ ID NO:
23 or at least 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 9-50, amino acids 55-91, or amino acids 95-146 of SEQ ID NO: 23. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/C1 HA-17 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most 70%
amino acid identity with amino acids 9-50, amino acids 55-91, or amino acids 95-146 of SEQ ID NO: 23, at most 75% amino acid identity with amino acids 9-50, amino acids 55-91, or amino acids 95-146 of SEQ ID NO:
23, at most 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 9-50, amino acids 55-91, or amino acids 95-146 of SEQ ID NO: 23, at most 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 9-50, amino acids 55-91, or amino acids 95-146 of SEQ ID NO:
23, at most 90% amino acid identity with amino acids 9-50, amino acids 55-91, or amino acids 95-146 of SEQ ID NO: 23 or at most 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 9-50, amino acids 55-91, or amino acids 95-146 of SEQ ID NO: 23.

[0354] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/C1 HA-17 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, or 20 non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 9-50, amino acids 55-91, or amino acids 95-146 of SEQ ID NO: 23. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/C1 HA-17 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 9-50, amino acids 55-91, or amino acids 95-146 of SEQ ID NO: 23.
In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/C1 HA-17 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 9-50, amino acids 55-91, or amino acids 95-146 of SEQ ID NO: 23. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/C1 HA-17 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 9-50, amino acids 55-91, or amino acids 95-146 of SEQ ID NO: 23. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/C1 HA-17 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 9-50, amino acids 55-91, or amino acids 95-146 of SEQ ID NO: 23. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/C1 HA-17 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 9-50, amino acids 55-91, or amino acids 95-146 of SEQ ID NO: 23.

[0355] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/C1 HA-17 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, or 20 contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 9-50, amino acids 55-91, or amino acids 95-146 of SEQ ID NO: 23. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/C1 HA-17 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 9-50, amino acids 55-91, or amino acids 95-146 of SEQ ID NO: 23. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/C1 HA-17 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 9-50, amino acids 55-91, or amino acids 95-146 of SEQ ID NO:
23. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/C1 HA-17 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 9-50, amino acids 55-91, or amino acids 95-146 of SEQ ID
NO: 23. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/C1 HA-17 11-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 9-50, amino acids 55-91, or amino acids 95-146 of SEQ ID NO: 23. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/C1 HA-17 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 9-50, amino acids 55-91, or amino acids 95-146 of SEQ ID NO: 23.

[0356] In another embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/C1 HA-17 f3-trefoil domain comprises a(34/(35 hairpin turn of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/C1 HA-17 or a(38/(39 hairpin turn of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/C1 HA-17 of SEQ ID NO: 23. In another aspect of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/C1 HA-17 f3-trefoil domain comprises amino acids 51-54 or amino acids 92-94 of SEQ ID NO: 23.

[0357] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/C1 HA-17 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 51-54 or amino acids 92-94 of SEQ ID NO: 23, at least 75% amino acid identity with amino acids 51-54 or amino acids 92-94 of SEQ ID NO: 23, at least 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 51-54 or amino acids 92-94 of SEQ ID NO: 23, at least 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 51-54 or amino acids 92-94 of SEQ ID NO: 23, at least 90% amino acid identity with amino acids 51-54 or amino acids 92-94 of SEQ ID
NO: 23 or at least 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 51-54 or amino acids 92-94 of SEQ ID NO:
23. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/C1 HA-17 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 51-54 or amino acids 92-94 of SEQ ID NO: 23, at most 75% amino acid identity with amino acids 51-54 or amino acids 92-94 of SEQ ID NO: 23, at most 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 51-54 or amino acids 92-94 of SEQ ID NO: 23, at most 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 51-54 or amino acids 92-94 of SEQ ID NO: 23, at most 90% amino acid identity with amino acids 51-54 or amino acids 92-94 of SEQ ID
NO: 23 or at most 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 51-54 or amino acids 92-94 of SEQ ID NO:
23.

[0358] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/C1 HA-17 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 51-54 or amino acids 92-94 of SEQ ID NO:
23. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/C1 HA-17 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 51-54 or amino acids 92-94 of SEQ ID NO: 23. In other aspects of this embodiment, a non-contiguous amino acid substitution of any amino acid from amino acids 51-54 or amino acids 92-94 of SEQ ID NO: 23 can be replaced with glycine. In other aspects of this embodiment, a non-contiguous amino acid substitution of any hydrophobic amino acid from amino acids 51-54 or amino acids 92-94 of SEQ ID NO: 23 can be replaced with phenylalanine. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/C1 HA-17 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 51-54 or amino acids 92-94 of SEQ ID NO: 23. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/C1 HA-17 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 51-54 or amino acids 92-94 of SEQ
ID NO: 23. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/C1 HA-17 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 51-54 or amino acids 92-94 of SEQ ID NO: 23. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/C1 HA-17 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 51-54 or amino acids 92-94 of SEQ ID NO: 23.

[0359] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/C1 HA-17 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 51-54 or amino acids 92-94 of SEQ ID NO:
23. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/C1 HA-17 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 51-54 or amino acids 92-94 of SEQ ID NO: 23. In other aspects of this embodiment, contiguous amino acid substitutions of amino acids from amino acids 51-54 or amino acids 92-94 of SEQ
ID NO: 23 can be replaced with glycine. In other aspects of this embodiment, contiguous amino acid substitutions of hydrophobic amino acids from amino acids 51-54 or amino acids 92-94 of SEQ ID NO: 23 can be replaced with phenylalanine. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a f3-trefoil domain with enhanced binding activity derived from a BoNT/C1 HA-17 comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 51-54 or amino acids 92-94 of SEQ ID NO: 23. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/C1 HA-17 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 51-54 or amino acids 92-94 of SEQ
ID NO: 23. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/C1 HA-17 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 51-54 or amino acids 92-94 of SEQ ID NO: 23. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/C1 HA-17 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 51-54 or amino acids 92-94 of SEQ ID NO: 23.

[0360] In another embodiment, a binding domain comprises a f3-trefoil domain derived from a BoNT/D
HA-17 of SEQ ID NO: 24. In another embodiment, a binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil domain derived from a BoNT/D HA-17 comprises amino acids 9-146 of SEQ ID NO: 24. In another aspect of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil domain derived from a BoNT/D HA-17 comprises a a-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/D HA-17, a(3-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/D HA-17 or a y-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/D HA-17 of SEQ ID NO: 24.
In another aspect of this embodiment, a f3-trefoil domain derived from a BoNT/D HA-17 comprises amino acids 9-50, amino acids 55-91, or amino acids 95-146 of SEQ ID NO: 24.

[0361] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/D HA-17 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 9-50, amino acids 55-91, or amino acids 95-146 of SEQ ID NO: 24, at least 75% amino acid identity with amino acids 9-50, amino acids 55-91, or amino acids 95-146 of SEQ ID NO: 24, at least 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 9-50, amino acids 55-91, or amino acids 95-146 of SEQ ID NO:
24, at least 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 9-50, amino acids 55-91, or amino acids 95-146 of SEQ ID NO: 24, at least 90% amino acid identity with amino acids 9-50, amino acids 55-91, or amino acids 95-146 of SEQ ID NO:
24 or at least 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 9-50, amino acids 55-91, or amino acids 95-146 of SEQ ID NO: 24. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/D HA-17 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 9-50, amino acids 55-91, or amino acids 95-146 of SEQ ID NO: 24, at most 75% amino acid identity with amino acids 9-50, amino acids 55-91, or amino acids 95-146 of SEQ ID NO:
24, at most 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 9-50, amino acids 55-91, or amino acids 95-146 of SEQ ID NO: 24, at most 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 9-50, amino acids 55-91, or amino acids 95-146 of SEQ ID NO:
24, at most 90% amino acid identity with amino acids 9-50, amino acids 55-91, or amino acids 95-146 of SEQ ID NO: 24 or at most 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 9-50, amino acids 55-91, or amino acids 95-146 of SEQ ID NO: 24.

[0362] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/D HA-17 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, or 20 non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 9-50, amino acids 55-91, or amino acids 95-146 of SEQ ID NO: 24. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/D HA-17 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 9-50, amino acids 55-91, or amino acids 95-146 of SEQ ID NO: 24.
In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/D HA-17 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 9-50, amino acids 55-91, or amino acids 95-146 of SEQ ID NO: 24.
In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/D HA-17 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 9-50, amino acids 55-91, or amino acids 95-146 of SEQ ID NO: 24. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/D
HA-17 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 9-50, amino acids 55-91, or amino acids 95-146 of SEQ ID NO: 24. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/D HA-17 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 9-50, amino acids 55-91, or amino acids 95-146 of SEQ ID NO: 24.

[0363] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/D HA-17 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 9-50, amino acids 55-91, or amino acids 95-146 of SEQ ID NO: 24. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/D HA-17 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 9-50, amino acids 55-91, or amino acids 95-146 of SEQ ID NO: 24. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/D HA-17 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 9-50, amino acids 55-91, or amino acids 95-146 of SEQ ID NO:
24. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/D HA-17 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 9-50, amino acids 55-91, or amino acids 95-146 of SEQ ID NO: 24. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/D
HA-17 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 9-50, amino acids 55-91, or amino acids 95-146 of SEQ ID NO: 24. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/D HA-17 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 9-50, amino acids 55-91, or amino acids 95-146 of SEQ ID NO: 24.

[0364] In another embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/D HA-17 f3-trefoil domain comprises a(34/(35 hairpin turn of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/D HA-17 or a(38/(39 hairpin turn of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/D HA-17 of SEQ ID NO: 24. In another aspect of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/D HA-17 f3-trefoil domain comprises amino acids 51-54 or amino acids 92-94 of SEQ ID NO: 24.

[0365] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/D HA-17 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 51-54 or amino acids 92-94 of SEQ ID NO: 24, at least 75% amino acid identity with amino acids 51-54 or amino acids 92-94 of SEQ ID NO: 24, at least 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 51-54 or amino acids 92-94 of SEQ ID NO: 24, at least 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 51-54 or amino acids 92-94 of SEQ ID NO: 24, at least 90% amino acid identity with amino acids 51-54 or amino acids 92-94 of SEQ ID
NO: 24 or at least 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 51-54 or amino acids 92-94 of SEQ ID NO:
24. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/D HA-17 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 51-54 or amino acids 92-94 of SEQ ID NO: 24, at most 75% amino acid identity with amino acids 51-54 or amino acids 92-94 of SEQ ID NO: 24, at most 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 51-54 or amino acids 92-94 of SEQ ID NO: 24, at most 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 51-54 or amino acids 92-94 of SEQ ID NO: 24, at most 90% amino acid identity with amino acids 51-54 or amino acids 92-94 of SEQ ID
NO: 24 or at most 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 51-54 or amino acids 92-94 of SEQ ID NO:
24.

[0366] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/D HA-17 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 51-54 or amino acids 92-94 of SEQ ID NO:
24. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/D HA-17 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 51-54 or amino acids 92-94 of SEQ ID NO: 24. In other aspects of this embodiment, a non-contiguous amino acid substitution of any amino acid from amino acids 51-54 or amino acids 92-94 of SEQ ID NO: 24 can be replaced with glycine. In other aspects of this embodiment, a non-contiguous amino acid substitution of any hydrophobic amino acid from amino acids 51-54 or amino acids 92-94 of SEQ ID NO: 24 can be replaced with phenylalanine. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/D HA-17 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 51-54 or amino acids 92-94 of SEQ ID NO: 24. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/D HA-17 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 51-54 or amino acids 92-94 of SEQ
ID NO: 24. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/D HA-17 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 51-54 or amino acids 92-94 of SEQ ID NO: 24. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/D HA-17 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 51-54 or amino acids 92-94 of SEQ ID NO: 24.

[0367] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/D HA-17 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 51-54 or amino acids 92-94 of SEQ ID NO:
24. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/D HA-17 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 51-54 or amino acids 92-94 of SEQ ID NO: 24. In other aspects of this embodiment, contiguous amino acid substitutions of amino acids from amino acids 51-54 or amino acids 92-94 of SEQ ID NO: 24 can be replaced with glycine. In other aspects of this embodiment, contiguous amino acid substitutions of hydrophobic amino acids from amino acids 51-54 or amino acids 92-94 of SEQ ID
NO: 24 can be replaced with phenylalanine. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a f3-trefoil domain with enhanced binding activity derived from a BoNT/D HA-17 comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 51-54 or amino acids 92-94 of SEQ
ID NO: 24. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/D HA-17 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 51-54 or amino acids 92-94 of SEQ ID NO: 24.
In still other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/D HA-17 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 51-54 or amino acids 92-94 of SEQ ID NO: 24. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/D HA-17 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 51-54 or amino acids 92-94 of SEQ
ID NO: 24.

[0368] In another embodiment, a binding domain comprises a f3-trefoil domain derived from a Clostridial NTNH. In an aspect of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil domain derived from a Clostridial NTNH comprises, e.g., a f3-trefoil domain derived from a BoNT/A
NTNH, a f3-trefoil domain derived from a BoNT/B NTNH, a f3-trefoil domain derived from a BoNT/C1 NTNH, a f3-trefoil domain derived from a BoNT/D NTNH, a f3-trefoil domain derived from a BoNT/E NTNH, a f3-trefoil domain derived from a BoNT/F NTNH, or a f3-trefoil domain derived from a BoNT/G NTNH.
In another aspect of this embodiment, a f3-trefoil domain derived from a Clostridial NTNH comprises an a-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/A NTNH, a(3-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/A NTNH, or a y-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/A NTNH. In another aspect of this embodiment, a f3-trefoil domain derived from a Clostridial NTNH comprises an a-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/B NTNH, a(3-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/B NTNH, or a y-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/B
NTNH. In another aspect of this embodiment, a f3-trefoil domain derived from a Clostridial NTNH
comprises an a-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/C1 NTNH, a(3-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/C1 NTNH, or a y-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/C1 NTNH. In another aspect of this embodiment, a f3-trefoil domain derived from a Clostridial NTNH comprises an a-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/D NTNH, a(3-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/D
NTNH, or a y-fold motif of a (3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/D NTNH. In another aspect of this embodiment, a f3-trefoil domain derived from a Clostridial NTNH comprises an a-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/E NTNH, a(3-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/E NTNH, or a y-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/E NTNH. In another aspect of this embodiment, a f3-trefoil domain derived from a Clostridial NTNH comprises an a-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/F NTNH, a(3-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/F NTNH, or a y-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/F NTNH. In another aspect of this embodiment, a 11-trefoil domain derived from a Clostridial NTNH comprises an a-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/G NTNH, a(3-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/G NTNH, or a y-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/G NTNH.

[0369] In another embodiment, a binding domain comprises a f3-trefoil domain derived from a BoNT/A
NTNH of SEQ ID NO: 25. In another embodiment, a binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil domain derived from a BoNT/A NTNH comprises amino acids 1050-1194 of SEQ ID NO: 25.
In another aspect of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil domain derived from a BoNT/A NTNH
comprises a a-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/A NTNH, a(3-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/A NTNH or a y-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/A NTNH of SEQ ID
NO: 24. In another aspect of this embodiment, a f3-trefoil domain derived from a BoNT/A NTNH
comprises amino acids 1050-1097, amino acids 1111-1138, or amino acids 1149-1194 of SEQ ID NO: 25.

[0370] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 1050-1097, amino acids 1111-1138, or amino acids 1149-1194 of SEQ ID NO: 25, at least 75% amino acid identity with amino acids 1050-1097, amino acids 1111-1138, or amino acids 1149-1194 of SEQ ID NO:
25, at least 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 1050-1097, amino acids 1111-1138, or amino acids 1149-1194 of SEQ ID NO: 25, at least 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 1050-1097, amino acids 1111-1138, or amino acids 1149-1194 of SEQ ID NO: 25, at least 90% amino acid identity with amino acids 1050-1097, amino acids 1111-1138, or amino acids 1149-1194 of SEQ ID NO:
25 or at least 95%
amino acid identity with amino acids 1050-1097, amino acids 1111-1138, or amino acids 1149-1194 of SEQ ID NO: 25. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A NTNH
f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 1050-1097, amino acids 1111-1138, or amino acids 1149-1194 of SEQ ID NO: 25, at most 75% amino acid identity with amino acids 1050-1097, amino acids 1111-1138, or amino acids 1149-1194 of SEQ ID
NO: 25, at most 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 1050-1097, amino acids 1111-1138, or amino acids 1149-1194 of SEQ ID NO: 25, at most 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 1050-1097, amino acids 1111-1138, or amino acids 1149-1194 of SEQ ID NO: 25, at most 90% amino acid identity with amino acids 1050-1097, amino acids 1111-1138, or amino acids 1149-1194 of SEQ
ID NO: 25 or at most 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 1050-1097, amino acids 1111-1138, or amino acids 1149-1194 of SEQ ID NO: 25.

[0371] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, or 20 non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 1050-1097, amino acids 1111-1138, or amino acids 1149-1194 of SEQ ID NO: 25. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 1050-1097, amino acids 1111-1138, or amino acids 1149-1194 of SEQ
ID NO: 25. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 1050-1097, amino acids 1111-1138, or amino acids 1149-1194 of SEQ ID NO: 25. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 1050-1097, amino acids 1111-1138, or amino acids 1149-1194 of SEQ ID NO:
25. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 1050-1097, amino acids 1111-1138, or amino acids 1149-1194 of SEQ ID NO: 25. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 1050-1097, amino acids 1111-1138, or amino acids 1149-1194 of SEQ ID NO: 25.

[0372] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 1050-1097, amino acids 1111-1138, or amino acids 1149-1194 of SEQ ID NO: 25. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 1050-1097, amino acids 1111-1138, or amino acids 1149-1194 of SEQ ID NO:
25. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 1050-1097, amino acids 1111-1138, or amino acids 1149-1194 of SEQ ID NO: 25. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A
NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 1050-1097, amino acids 1111-1138, or amino acids 1149-1194 of SEQ ID NO: 25. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 1050-1097, amino acids 1111-1138, or amino acids 1149-1194 of SEQ ID NO: 25. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 1050-1097, amino acids 1111-1138, or amino acids 1149-1194 of SEQ ID NO: 25.

[0373] In another embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a(34/(35 hairpin turn of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/A NTNH or a(38/(39 hairpin turn of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/A NTNH of SEQ ID NO: 24. In another aspect of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises amino acids 1098-1110 or amino acids 1139-1148 of SEQ ID NO: 25.

[0374] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 1098-1110 or amino acids 1139-1148 of SEQ ID NO: 25, at least 75% amino acid identity with amino acids 1098-1110 or amino acids 1139-1148 of SEQ ID NO: 25, at least 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 1098-1110 or amino acids 1139-1148 of SEQ ID NO: 25, at least 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 1098-1110 or amino acids 1139-1148 of SEQ ID NO: 25, at least 90%
amino acid identity with amino acids 1098-1110 or amino acids 1139-1148 of SEQ ID NO: 25 or at least 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 1098-1110 or amino acids 1139-1148 of SEQ ID NO: 25.
In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 1098-1110 or amino acids 1139-1148 of SEQ ID NO: 25, at most 75% amino acid identity with amino acids 1098-1110 or amino acids 1139-1148 of SEQ ID NO: 25, at most 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 1098-1110 or amino acids 1139-1148 of SEQ ID NO: 25, at most 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 1098-1110 or amino acids 1139-1148 of SEQ ID NO: 25, at most 90% amino acid identity with amino acids 1098-1110 or amino acids 1139-1148 of SEQ ID NO: 25 or at most 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 1098-1110 or amino acids 1139-1148 of SEQ ID NO: 25.

[0375] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 1098-1110 or amino acids 1139-1148 of SEQ ID NO: 25. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 1098-1110 or amino acids 1139-1148 of SEQ ID NO: 25. In other aspects of this embodiment, a non-contiguous amino acid substitution of any amino acid from amino acids 1098-1110 or amino acids 1139-1148 of SEQ ID NO: 25 can be replaced with glycine. In other aspects of this embodiment, a non-contiguous amino acid substitution of any hydrophobic amino acid from amino acids 1098-1110 or amino acids 1139-1148 of SEQ ID NO: 25 can be replaced with phenylalanine. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 1098-1110 or amino acids 1139-1148 of SEQ ID NO: 25.
In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 1098-1110 or amino acids 1139-1148 of SEQ ID NO: 25. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 1098-1110 or amino acids 1139-1148 of SEQ ID NO: 25. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 1098-1110 or amino acids 1139-1148 of SEQ ID NO: 25.

[0376] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 1098-1110 or amino acids 1139-1148 of SEQ ID NO: 25. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 1098-1110 or amino acids 1139-1148 of SEQ ID NO: 25. In other aspects of this embodiment, contiguous amino acid substitutions of amino acids from amino acids 1098-1110 or amino acids 1139-1148 of SEQ ID NO: 25 can be replaced with glycine. In other aspects of this embodiment, contiguous amino acid substitutions of hydrophobic amino acids from amino acids 1098-1110 or amino acids 1139-1148 of SEQ ID NO: 25 can be replaced with phenylalanine. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a f3-trefoil domain with enhanced binding activity derived from a BoNT/A NTNH comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 1098-1110 or amino acids 1139-1148 of SEQ ID NO: 25. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 1098-1110 or amino acids 1139-1148 of SEQ ID NO: 25. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 1098-1110 or amino acids 1139-1148 of SEQ ID NO: 25. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A
NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 1098-1110 or amino acids 1139-1148 of SEQ ID NO: 25.

[0377] In another embodiment, a binding domain comprises a f3-trefoil domain derived from a BoNT/A
NTNH of SEQ ID NO: 26. In another embodiment, a binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil domain derived from a BoNT/A NTNH comprises amino acids 1050-1199 of SEQ ID NO: 26.
In another aspect of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil domain derived from a BoNT/A NTNH
comprises a a-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/A NTNH, a(3-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/A NTNH or a y-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/A NTNH of SEQ ID
NO: 24. In another aspect of this embodiment, a f3-trefoil domain derived from a BoNT/A NTNH
comprises amino acids 1050-1097, amino acids 1111-1139, or amino acids 1149-1199 of SEQ ID NO: 26.

[0378] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 1050-1097, amino acids 1111-1139, or amino acids 1149-1199 of SEQ ID NO: 26, at least 75% amino acid identity with amino acids 1050-1097, amino acids 1111-1139, or amino acids 1149-1199 of SEQ ID NO:
26, at least 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 1050-1097, amino acids 1111-1139, or amino acids 1149-1199 of SEQ ID NO: 26, at least 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 1050-1097, amino acids 1111-1139, or amino acids 1149-1199 of SEQ ID NO: 26, at least 90% amino acid identity with amino acids 1050-1097, amino acids 1111-1139, or amino acids 1149-1199 of SEQ ID NO:
26 or at least 95%
amino acid identity with amino acids 1050-1097, amino acids 1111-1139, or amino acids 1149-1199 of SEQ ID NO: 26. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A NTNH
f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 1050-1097, amino acids 1111-1139, or amino acids 1149-1199 of SEQ ID NO: 26, at most 75% amino acid identity with amino acids 1050-1097, amino acids 1111-1139, or amino acids 1149-1199 of SEQ ID
NO: 26, at most 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 1050-1097, amino acids 1111-1139, or amino acids 1149-1199 of SEQ ID NO: 26, at most 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 1050-1097, amino acids 1111-1139, or amino acids 1149-1199 of SEQ ID NO: 26, at most 90% amino acid identity with amino acids 1050-1097, amino acids 1111-1139, or amino acids 1149-1199 of SEQ
ID NO: 26 or at most 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 1050-1097, amino acids 1111-1139, or amino acids 1149-1199 of SEQ ID NO: 26.

[0379] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, or 20 non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 1050-1097, amino acids 1111-1139, or amino acids 1149-1199 of SEQ ID NO: 26. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 1050-1097, amino acids 1111-1139, or amino acids 1149-1199 of SEQ
ID NO: 26. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 1050-1097, amino acids 1111-1139, or amino acids 1149-1199 of SEQ ID NO: 26. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 1050-1097, amino acids 1111-1139, or amino acids 1149-1199 of SEQ ID NO:
26. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 1050-1097, amino acids 1111-1139, or amino acids 1149-1199 of SEQ ID NO: 26. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 1050-1097, amino acids 1111-1139, or amino acids 1149-1199 of SEQ ID NO: 26.

[0380] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, or 20 contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 1050-1097, amino acids 1111-1139, or amino acids 1149-1199 of SEQ ID NO: 26. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 1050-1097, amino acids 1111-1139, or amino acids 1149-1199 of SEQ ID NO:
26. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 1050-1097, amino acids 1111-1139, or amino acids 1149-1199 of SEQ ID NO: 26. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A
NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 1050-1097, amino acids 1111-1139, or amino acids 1149-1199 of SEQ ID NO: 26. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 1050-1097, amino acids 1111-1139, or amino acids 1149-1199 of SEQ ID NO: 26. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 1050-1097, amino acids 1111-1139, or amino acids 1149-1199 of SEQ ID NO: 26.

[0381] In another embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a(34/(35 hairpin turn of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/A NTNH or a(38/(39 hairpin turn of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/A NTNH of SEQ ID NO: 24. In another aspect of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises amino acids 1098-1110 or amino acids 1140-1148 of SEQ ID NO: 26.

[0382] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 1098-1110 or amino acids 1140-1148 of SEQ ID NO: 26, at least 75% amino acid identity with amino acids 1098-1110 or amino acids 1140-1148 of SEQ ID NO: 26, at least 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 1098-1110 or amino acids 1140-1148 of SEQ ID NO: 26, at least 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 1098-1110 or amino acids 1140-1148 of SEQ ID NO: 26, at least 90%
amino acid identity with amino acids 1098-1110 or amino acids 1140-1148 of SEQ ID NO: 26 or at least 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 1098-1110 or amino acids 1140-1148 of SEQ ID NO: 26.
In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 1098-1110 or amino acids 1140-1148 of SEQ ID NO: 26, at most 75% amino acid identity with amino acids 1098-1110 or amino acids 1140-1148 of SEQ ID NO: 26, at most 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 1098-1110 or amino acids 1140-1148 of SEQ ID NO: 26, at most 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 1098-1110 or amino acids 1140-1148 of SEQ ID NO: 26, at most 90% amino acid identity with amino acids 1098-1110 or amino acids 1140-1148 of SEQ ID NO: 26 or at most 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 1098-1110 or amino acids 1140-1148 of SEQ ID NO: 26.

[0383] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 1098-1110 or amino acids 1140-1148 of SEQ ID NO: 26. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 1098-1110 or amino acids 1140-1148 of SEQ ID NO: 26. In other aspects of this embodiment, a non-contiguous amino acid substitution of any amino acid from amino acids 1098-1110 or amino acids 1140-1148 of SEQ ID NO: 26 can be replaced with glycine. In other aspects of this embodiment, a non-contiguous amino acid substitution of any hydrophobic amino acid from amino acids 1098-1110 or amino acids 1140-1148 of SEQ ID NO: 26 can be replaced with phenylalanine. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 1098-1110 or amino acids 1140-1148 of SEQ ID NO: 26.
In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 1098-1110 or amino acids 1140-1148 of SEQ ID NO: 26. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 1098-1110 or amino acids 1140-1148 of SEQ ID NO: 26. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 1098-1110 or amino acids 1140-1148 of SEQ ID NO: 26.

[0384] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 1098-1110 or amino acids 1140-1148 of SEQ ID NO: 26. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 1098-1110 or amino acids 1140-1148 of SEQ ID NO: 26. In other aspects of this embodiment, contiguous amino acid substitutions of amino acids from amino acids 1098-1110 or amino acids 1140-1148 of SEQ ID NO: 26 can be replaced with glycine. In other aspects of this embodiment, contiguous amino acid substitutions of hydrophobic amino acids from amino acids 1098-1110 or amino acids 1140-1148 of SEQ ID NO: 26 can be replaced with phenylalanine. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a f3-trefoil domain with enhanced binding activity derived from a BoNT/A NTNH comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 1098-1110 or amino acids 1140-1148 of SEQ ID NO: 26. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 1098-1110 or amino acids 1140-1148 of SEQ ID NO: 26. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 1098-1110 or amino acids 1140-1148 of SEQ ID NO: 26. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A
NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 1098-1110 or amino acids 1140-1148 of SEQ ID NO: 26.

[0385] In another embodiment, a binding domain comprises a f3-trefoil domain derived from a BoNT/A
NTNH of SEQ ID NO: 27. In another embodiment, a binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil domain derived from a BoNT/A NTNH comprises amino acids 1050-1194 of SEQ ID NO: 27.
In another aspect of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil domain derived from a BoNT/A NTNH
comprises a a-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/A NTNH, a(3-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/A NTNH or a y-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/A NTNH of SEQ ID
NO: 24. In another aspect of this embodiment, a f3-trefoil domain derived from a BoNT/A NTNH
comprises amino acids 1050-1097, amino acids 1111-1138, or amino acids 1149-1194 of SEQ ID NO: 27.

[0386] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 1050-1097, amino acids 1111-1138, or amino acids 1149-1194 of SEQ ID NO: 27, at least 75% amino acid identity with amino acids 1050-1097, amino acids 1111-1138, or amino acids 1149-1194 of SEQ ID NO:
27, at least 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 1050-1097, amino acids 1111-1138, or amino acids 1149-1194 of SEQ ID NO: 27, at least 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 1050-1097, amino acids 1111-1138, or amino acids 1149-1194 of SEQ ID NO: 27, at least 90% amino acid identity with amino acids 1050-1097, amino acids 1111-1138, or amino acids 1149-1194 of SEQ ID NO:
27 or at least 95%
amino acid identity with amino acids 1050-1097, amino acids 1111-1138, or amino acids 1149-1194 of SEQ ID NO: 27. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A NTNH
f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 1050-1097, amino acids 1111-1138, or amino acids 1149-1194 of SEQ ID NO: 27, at most 75% amino acid identity with amino acids 1050-1097, amino acids 1111-1138, or amino acids 1149-1194 of SEQ ID
NO: 27, at most 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 1050-1097, amino acids 1111-1138, or amino acids 1149-1194 of SEQ ID NO: 27, at most 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 1050-1097, amino acids 1111-1138, or amino acids 1149-1194 of SEQ ID NO: 27, at most 90% amino acid identity with amino acids 1050-1097, amino acids 1111-1138, or amino acids 1149-1194 of SEQ
ID NO: 27 or at most 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 1050-1097, amino acids 1111-1138, or amino acids 1149-1194 of SEQ ID NO: 27.

[0387] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, or 20 non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 1050-1097, amino acids 1111-1138, or amino acids 1149-1194 of SEQ ID NO: 27. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 1050-1097, amino acids 1111-1138, or amino acids 1149-1194 of SEQ
ID NO: 27. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 1050-1097, amino acids 1111-1138, or amino acids 1149-1194 of SEQ ID NO: 27. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 1050-1097, amino acids 1111-1138, or amino acids 1149-1194 of SEQ ID NO:
27. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 1050-1097, amino acids 1111-1138, or amino acids 1149-1194 of SEQ ID NO: 27. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 1050-1097, amino acids 1111-1138, or amino acids 1149-1194 of SEQ ID NO: 27.

[0388] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 1050-1097, amino acids 1111-1138, or amino acids 1149-1194 of SEQ ID NO: 27. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 1050-1097, amino acids 1111-1138, or amino acids 1149-1194 of SEQ ID NO:
27. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 1050-1097, amino acids 1111-1138, or amino acids 1149-1194 of SEQ ID NO: 27. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A
NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 1050-1097, amino acids 1111-1138, or amino acids 1149-1194 of SEQ ID NO: 27. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 1050-1097, amino acids 1111-1138, or amino acids 1149-1194 of SEQ ID NO: 27. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 1050-1097, amino acids 1111-1138, or amino acids 1149-1194 of SEQ ID NO: 27.

[0389] In another embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a(34/(35 hairpin turn of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/A NTNH or a(38/(39 hairpin turn of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/A NTNH of SEQ ID NO: 24. In another aspect of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises amino acids 1098-1110 or amino acids 1139-1148 of SEQ ID NO: 27.

[0390] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 1098-1110 or amino acids 1139-1148 of SEQ ID NO: 27, at least 75% amino acid identity with amino acids 1098-1110 or amino acids 1139-1148 of SEQ ID NO: 27, at least 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 1098-1110 or amino acids 1139-1148 of SEQ ID NO: 27, at least 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 1098-1110 or amino acids 1139-1148 of SEQ ID NO: 27, at least 90%
amino acid identity with amino acids 1098-1110 or amino acids 1139-1148 of SEQ ID NO: 27 or at least 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 1098-1110 or amino acids 1139-1148 of SEQ ID NO: 27.
In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 1098-1110 or amino acids 1139-1148 of SEQ ID NO: 27, at most 75% amino acid identity with amino acids 1098-1110 or amino acids 1139-1148 of SEQ ID NO: 27, at most 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 1098-1110 or amino acids 1139-1148 of SEQ ID NO: 27, at most 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 1098-1110 or amino acids 1139-1148 of SEQ ID NO: 27, at most 90% amino acid identity with amino acids 1098-1110 or amino acids 1139-1148 of SEQ ID NO: 27 or at most 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 1098-1110 or amino acids 1139-1148 of SEQ ID NO: 27.

[0391] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 1098-1110 or amino acids 1139-1148 of SEQ ID NO: 27. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 1098-1110 or amino acids 1139-1148 of SEQ ID NO: 27. In other aspects of this embodiment, a non-contiguous amino acid substitution of any amino acid from amino acids 1098-1110 or amino acids 1139-1148 of SEQ ID NO: 27 can be replaced with glycine. In other aspects of this embodiment, a non-contiguous amino acid substitution of any hydrophobic amino acid from amino acids 1098-1110 or amino acids 1139-1148 of SEQ ID NO: 27 can be replaced with phenylalanine. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 1098-1110 or amino acids 1139-1148 of SEQ ID NO: 27.
In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 1098-1110 or amino acids 1139-1148 of SEQ ID NO: 27. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 1098-1110 or amino acids 1139-1148 of SEQ ID NO: 27. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 1098-1110 or amino acids 1139-1148 of SEQ ID NO: 27.

[0392] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 1098-1110 or amino acids 1139-1148 of SEQ ID NO: 27. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 1098-1110 or amino acids 1139-1148 of SEQ ID NO: 27. In other aspects of this embodiment, contiguous amino acid substitutions of amino acids from amino acids 1098-1110 or amino acids 1139-1148 of SEQ ID NO: 27 can be replaced with glycine. In other aspects of this embodiment, contiguous amino acid substitutions of hydrophobic amino acids from amino acids 1098-1110 or amino acids 1139-1148 of SEQ ID NO: 27 can be replaced with phenylalanine. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a f3-trefoil domain with enhanced binding activity derived from a BoNT/A NTNH comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 1098-1110 or amino acids 1139-1148 of SEQ ID NO: 27. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 1098-1110 or amino acids 1139-1148 of SEQ ID NO: 27. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 1098-1110 or amino acids 1139-1148 of SEQ ID NO: 27. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/A
NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 1098-1110 or amino acids 1139-1148 of SEQ ID NO: 27.

[0393] In another embodiment, a binding domain comprises a f3-trefoil domain derived from a BoNT/B
NTNH of SEQ ID NO: 28. In another embodiment, a binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil domain derived from a BoNT/B NTNH comprises amino acids 1049-1198 of SEQ ID NO: 28.
In another aspect of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil domain derived from a BoNT/B NTNH
comprises a a-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/B NTNH, a(3-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/B NTNH or a y-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/B NTNH of SEQ ID
NO: 24. In another aspect of this embodiment, a f3-trefoil domain derived from a BoNT/B NTNH
comprises amino acids 1049-1096, amino acids 1110-1138, or amino acids 1148-1198 of SEQ ID NO: 28.

[0394] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/B NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 1049-1096, amino acids 1110-1138, or amino acids 1148-1198 of SEQ ID NO: 28, at least 75% amino acid identity with amino acids 1049-1096, amino acids 1110-1138, or amino acids 1148-1198 of SEQ ID NO:
28, at least 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 1049-1096, amino acids 1110-1138, or amino acids 1148-1198 of SEQ ID NO: 28, at least 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 1049-1096, amino acids 1110-1138, or amino acids 1148-1198 of SEQ ID NO: 28, at least 90% amino acid identity with amino acids 1049-1096, amino acids 1110-1138, or amino acids 1148-1198 of SEQ ID NO:
28 or at least 95%
amino acid identity with amino acids 1049-1096, amino acids 1110-1138, or amino acids 1148-1198 of SEQ ID NO: 28. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/B NTNH
f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 1049-1096, amino acids 1110-1138, or amino acids 1148-1198 of SEQ ID NO: 28, at most 75% amino acid identity with amino acids 1049-1096, amino acids 1110-1138, or amino acids 1148-1198 of SEQ ID
NO: 28, at most 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 1049-1096, amino acids 1110-1138, or amino acids 1148-1198 of SEQ ID NO: 28, at most 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 1049-1096, amino acids 1110-1138, or amino acids 1148-1198 of SEQ ID NO: 28, at most 90% amino acid identity with amino acids 1049-1096, amino acids 1110-1138, or amino acids 1148-1198 of SEQ
ID NO: 28 or at most 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 1049-1096, amino acids 1110-1138, or amino acids 1148-1198 of SEQ ID NO: 28.

[0395] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/B NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, or 20 non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 1049-1096, amino acids 1110-1138, or amino acids 1148-1198 of SEQ ID NO: 28. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/B NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 1049-1096, amino acids 1110-1138, or amino acids 1148-1198 of SEQ
ID NO: 28. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/B NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 1049-1096, amino acids 1110-1138, or amino acids 1148-1198 of SEQ ID NO: 28. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/B NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 1049-1096, amino acids 1110-1138, or amino acids 1148-1198 of SEQ ID NO:
28. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/B NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 1049-1096, amino acids 1110-1138, or amino acids 1148-1198 of SEQ ID NO: 28. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/B NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 1049-1096, amino acids 1110-1138, or amino acids 1148-1198 of SEQ ID NO: 28.

[0396] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/B NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, or 20 contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 1049-1096, amino acids 1110-1138, or amino acids 1148-1198 of SEQ ID NO: 28. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/B NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 1049-1096, amino acids 1110-1138, or amino acids 1148-1198 of SEQ ID NO:
28. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/B NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 1049-1096, amino acids 1110-1138, or amino acids 1148-1198 of SEQ ID NO: 28. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/B
NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 1049-1096, amino acids 1110-1138, or amino acids 1148-1198 of SEQ ID NO: 28. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/B NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 1049-1096, amino acids 1110-1138, or amino acids 1148-1198 of SEQ ID NO: 28. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/B NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 1049-1096, amino acids 1110-1138, or amino acids 1148-1198 of SEQ ID NO: 28.

[0397] In another embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/B NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a(34/(35 hairpin turn of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/B NTNH or a(38/(39 hairpin turn of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/B NTNH of SEQ ID NO: 24. In another aspect of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/B NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises amino acids 1097-1109 or amino acids 1139-1147 of SEQ ID NO: 28.

[0398] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/B NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 1097-1109 or amino acids 1139-1147 of SEQ ID NO: 28, at least 75% amino acid identity with amino acids 1097-1109 or amino acids 1139-1147 of SEQ ID NO: 28, at least 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 1097-1109 or amino acids 1139-1147 of SEQ ID NO: 28, at least 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 1097-1109 or amino acids 1139-1147 of SEQ ID NO: 28, at least 90%
amino acid identity with amino acids 1097-1109 or amino acids 1139-1147 of SEQ ID NO: 28 or at least 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 1097-1109 or amino acids 1139-1147 of SEQ ID NO: 28.
In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/B NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 1097-1109 or amino acids 1139-1147 of SEQ ID NO: 28, at most 75% amino acid identity with amino acids 1097-1109 or amino acids 1139-1147 of SEQ ID NO: 28, at most 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 1097-1109 or amino acids 1139-1147 of SEQ ID NO: 28, at most 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 1097-1109 or amino acids 1139-1147 of SEQ ID NO: 28, at most 90% amino acid identity with amino acids 1097-1109 or amino acids 1139-1147 of SEQ ID NO: 28 or at most 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 1097-1109 or amino acids 1139-1147 of SEQ ID NO: 28.

[0399] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/B NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 1097-1109 or amino acids 1139-1147 of SEQ ID NO: 28. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/B NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 1097-1109 or amino acids 1139-1147 of SEQ ID NO: 28. In other aspects of this embodiment, a non-contiguous amino acid substitution of any amino acid from amino acids 1097-1109 or amino acids 1139-1147 of SEQ ID NO: 28 can be replaced with glycine. In other aspects of this embodiment, a non-contiguous amino acid substitution of any hydrophobic amino acid from amino acids 1097-1109 or amino acids 1139-1147 of SEQ ID NO: 28 can be replaced with phenylalanine. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/B NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 1097-1109 or amino acids 1139-1147 of SEQ ID NO: 28.
In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/B NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 1097-1109 or amino acids 1139-1147 of SEQ ID NO: 28. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/B NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 1097-1109 or amino acids 1139-1147 of SEQ ID NO: 28. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/B NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 1097-1109 or amino acids 1139-1147 of SEQ ID NO: 28.

[0400] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/B NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 1097-1109 or amino acids 1139-1147 of SEQ ID NO: 28. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/B NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 1097-1109 or amino acids 1139-1147 of SEQ ID NO: 28. In other aspects of this embodiment, contiguous amino acid substitutions of amino acids from amino acids 1097-1109 or amino acids 1139-1147 of SEQ ID NO: 28 can be replaced with glycine. In other aspects of this embodiment, contiguous amino acid substitutions of hydrophobic amino acids from amino acids 1097-1109 or amino acids 1139-1147 of SEQ ID NO: 28 can be replaced with phenylalanine. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a f3-trefoil domain with enhanced binding activity derived from a BoNT/B NTNH comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 1097-1109 or amino acids 1139-1147 of SEQ ID NO: 28. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/B NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 1097-1109 or amino acids 1139-1147 of SEQ ID NO: 28. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/B NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 1097-1109 or amino acids 1139-1147 of SEQ ID NO: 28. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/B
NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 1097-1109 or amino acids 1139-1147 of SEQ ID NO: 28.

[0401] In another embodiment, a binding domain comprises a f3-trefoil domain derived from a BoNT/C1 NTNH of SEQ ID NO: 29. In another embodiment, a binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil domain derived from a BoNT/C1 NTNH comprises amino acids 1049-1197 of SEQ ID NO: 29.
In another aspect of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil domain derived from a BoNT/C1 NTNH
comprises a a-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/C1 NTNH, a(3-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/C1 NTNH or a y-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/C1 NTNH of SEQ
ID NO: 24. In another aspect of this embodiment, a f3-trefoil domain derived from a BoNT/C1 NTNH
comprises amino acids 1049-1096, amino acids 1110-1138, or amino acids 1148-1197 of SEQ ID NO: 29.

[0402] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/C1 NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 1049-1096, amino acids 1110-1138, or amino acids 1148-1197 of SEQ ID NO: 29, at least 75% amino acid identity with amino acids 1049-1096, amino acids 1110-1138, or amino acids 1148-1197 of SEQ ID NO:
29, at least 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 1049-1096, amino acids 1110-1138, or amino acids 1148-1197 of SEQ ID NO: 29, at least 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 1049-1096, amino acids 1110-1138, or amino acids 1148-1197 of SEQ ID NO: 29, at least 90% amino acid identity with amino acids 1049-1096, amino acids 1110-1138, or amino acids 1148-1197 of SEQ ID NO:
29 or at least 95%
amino acid identity with amino acids 1049-1096, amino acids 1110-1138, or amino acids 1148-1197 of SEQ ID NO: 29. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/C1 NTNH
f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 1049-1096, amino acids 1110-1138, or amino acids 1148-1197 of SEQ ID NO: 29, at most 75% amino acid identity with amino acids 1049-1096, amino acids 1110-1138, or amino acids 1148-1197 of SEQ ID
NO: 29, at most 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 1049-1096, amino acids 1110-1138, or amino acids 1148-1197 of SEQ ID NO: 29, at most 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 1049-1096, amino acids 1110-1138, or amino acids 1148-1197 of SEQ ID NO: 29, at most 90% amino acid identity with amino acids 1049-1096, amino acids 1110-1138, or amino acids 1148-1197 of SEQ
ID NO: 29 or at most 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 1049-1096, amino acids 1110-1138, or amino acids 1148-1197 of SEQ ID NO: 29.

[0403] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/C1 NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, or 20 non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 1049-1096, amino acids 1110-1138, or amino acids 1148-1197 of SEQ ID NO: 29. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/C1 NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 1049-1096, amino acids 1110-1138, or amino acids 1148-1197 of SEQ
ID NO: 29. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/C1 NTNH
f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 1049-1096, amino acids 1110-1138, or amino acids 1148-1197 of SEQ ID NO: 29. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/C1 NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 1049-1096, amino acids 1110-1138, or amino acids 1148-1197 of SEQ ID NO:
29. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/C1 NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 1049-1096, amino acids 1110-1138, or amino acids 1148-1197 of SEQ ID NO: 29. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/C1 NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 1049-1096, amino acids 1110-1138, or amino acids 1148-1197 of SEQ ID NO: 29.

[0404] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/C1 NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, or 20 contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 1049-1096, amino acids 1110-1138, or amino acids 1148-1197 of SEQ ID NO: 29. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/C1 NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 1049-1096, amino acids 1110-1138, or amino acids 1148-1197 of SEQ ID NO:
29. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/C1 NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 1049-1096, amino acids 1110-1138, or amino acids 1148-1197 of SEQ ID NO: 29. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/C1 NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 1049-1096, amino acids 1110-1138, or amino acids 1148-1197 of SEQ ID NO: 29. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/C1 NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 1049-1096, amino acids 1110-1138, or amino acids 1148-1197 of SEQ ID NO: 29. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/C1 NTNH
f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 1049-1096, amino acids 1110-1138, or amino acids 1148-1197 of SEQ ID NO: 29.

[0405] In another embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/C1 NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a(34/(35 hairpin turn of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/C1 NTNH or a(38/(39 hairpin turn of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/C1 NTNH of SEQ ID NO: 24. In another aspect of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/C1 NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises amino acids 1097-1109 or amino acids 1139-1147 of SEQ ID NO: 29.

[0406] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/C1 NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 1097-1109 or amino acids 1139-1147 of SEQ ID NO: 29, at least 75% amino acid identity with amino acids 1097-1109 or amino acids 1139-1147 of SEQ ID NO: 29, at least 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 1097-1109 or amino acids 1139-1147 of SEQ ID NO: 29, at least 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 1097-1109 or amino acids 1139-1147 of SEQ ID NO: 29, at least 90%
amino acid identity with amino acids 1097-1109 or amino acids 1139-1147 of SEQ ID NO: 29 or at least 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 1097-1109 or amino acids 1139-1147 of SEQ ID NO: 29.
In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/C1 NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 1097-1109 or amino acids 1139-1147 of SEQ ID NO: 29, at most 75% amino acid identity with amino acids 1097-1109 or amino acids 1139-1147 of SEQ ID NO: 29, at most 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 1097-1109 or amino acids 1139-1147 of SEQ ID NO: 29, at most 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 1097-1109 or amino acids 1139-1147 of SEQ ID NO: 29, at most 90% amino acid identity with amino acids 1097-1109 or amino acids 1139-1147 of SEQ ID NO: 29 or at most 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 1097-1109 or amino acids 1139-1147 of SEQ ID NO: 29.

[0407] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/C1 NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 1097-1109 or amino acids 1139-1147 of SEQ ID NO: 29. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/C1 NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 1097-1109 or amino acids 1139-1147 of SEQ ID NO: 29. In other aspects of this embodiment, a non-contiguous amino acid substitution of any amino acid from amino acids 1097-1109 or amino acids 1139-1147 of SEQ ID NO: 29 can be replaced with glycine. In other aspects of this embodiment, a non-contiguous amino acid substitution of any hydrophobic amino acid from amino acids 1097-1109 or amino acids 1139-1147 of SEQ ID NO: 29 can be replaced with phenylalanine. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/C1 NTNH
f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 1097-1109 or amino acids 1139-1147 of SEQ ID NO: 29.
In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/C1 NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 1097-1109 or amino acids 1139-1147 of SEQ ID NO: 29. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/C1 NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 1097-1109 or amino acids 1139-1147 of SEQ ID NO: 29. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/C1 NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 1097-1109 or amino acids 1139-1147 of SEQ ID NO: 29.

[0408] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/C1 NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 1097-1109 or amino acids 1139-1147 of SEQ ID NO: 29. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/C1 NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 1097-1109 or amino acids 1139-1147 of SEQ ID NO: 29. In other aspects of this embodiment, contiguous amino acid substitutions of amino acids from amino acids 1097-1109 or amino acids 1139-1147 of SEQ ID NO: 29 can be replaced with glycine. In other aspects of this embodiment, contiguous amino acid substitutions of hydrophobic amino acids from amino acids 1097-1109 or amino acids 1139-1147 of SEQ ID NO: 29 can be replaced with phenylalanine. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a f3-trefoil domain with enhanced binding activity derived from a BoNT/C1 NTNH comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 1097-1109 or amino acids 1139-1147 of SEQ ID NO: 29. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/C1 NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 1097-1109 or amino acids 1139-1147 of SEQ ID NO: 29. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/C1 NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 1097-1109 or amino acids 1139-1147 of SEQ ID NO: 29. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/C1 NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 1097-1109 or amino acids 1139-1147 of SEQ ID
NO: 29.

[0409] In another embodiment, a binding domain comprises a f3-trefoil domain derived from a BoNT/D
NTNH of SEQ ID NO: 30. In another embodiment, a binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil domain derived from a BoNT/D NTNH comprises amino acids 1049-1197 of SEQ ID NO: 30.
In another aspect of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil domain derived from a BoNT/D NTNH
comprises a a-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/D NTNH, a(3-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/D NTNH or a y-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/D NTNH of SEQ ID
NO: 24. In another aspect of this embodiment, a f3-trefoil domain derived from a BoNT/D NTNH
comprises amino acids 1049-1096, amino acids 1110-1138, or amino acids 1148-1197 of SEQ ID NO: 30.

[0410] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/D NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 1049-1096, amino acids 1110-1138, or amino acids 1148-1197 of SEQ ID NO: 30, at least 75% amino acid identity with amino acids 1049-1096, amino acids 1110-1138, or amino acids 1148-1197 of SEQ ID NO:

30, at least 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 1049-1096, amino acids 1110-1138, or amino acids 1148-1197 of SEQ ID NO: 30, at least 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 1049-1096, amino acids 1110-1138, or amino acids 1148-1197 of SEQ ID NO: 30, at least 90% amino acid identity with amino acids 1049-1096, amino acids 1110-1138, or amino acids 1148-1197 of SEQ ID NO:
30 or at least 95%
amino acid identity with amino acids 1049-1096, amino acids 1110-1138, or amino acids 1148-1197 of SEQ ID NO: 30. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/D NTNH
f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 1049-1096, amino acids 1110-1138, or amino acids 1148-1197 of SEQ ID NO: 30, at most 75% amino acid identity with amino acids 1049-1096, amino acids 1110-1138, or amino acids 1148-1197 of SEQ ID
NO: 30, at most 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 1049-1096, amino acids 1110-1138, or amino acids 1148-1197 of SEQ ID NO: 30, at most 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 1049-1096, amino acids 1110-1138, or amino acids 1148-1197 of SEQ ID NO: 30, at most 90% amino acid identity with amino acids 1049-1096, amino acids 1110-1138, or amino acids 1148-1197 of SEQ
ID NO: 30 or at most 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 1049-1096, amino acids 1110-1138, or amino acids 1148-1197 of SEQ ID NO: 30.

[0411] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/D NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, or 20 non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 1049-1096, amino acids 1110-1138, or amino acids 1148-1197 of SEQ ID NO: 30. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/D NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 1049-1096, amino acids 1110-1138, or amino acids 1148-1197 of SEQ
ID NO: 30. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/D NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 1049-1096, amino acids 1110-1138, or amino acids 1148-1197 of SEQ ID NO: 30. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/D NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 1049-1096, amino acids 1110-1138, or amino acids 1148-1197 of SEQ ID NO:
30. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/D NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 1049-1096, amino acids 1110-1138, or amino acids 1148-1197 of SEQ ID NO: 30. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/D NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 1049-1096, amino acids 1110-1138, or amino acids 1148-1197 of SEQ ID NO: 30.

[0412] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/D NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 1049-1096, amino acids 1110-1138, or amino acids 1148-1197 of SEQ ID NO: 30. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/D NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 1049-1096, amino acids 1110-1138, or amino acids 1148-1197 of SEQ ID NO:
30. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/D NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 1049-1096, amino acids 1110-1138, or amino acids 1148-1197 of SEQ ID NO: 30. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/D
NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 1049-1096, amino acids 1110-1138, or amino acids 1148-1197 of SEQ ID NO: 30. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/D NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 1049-1096, amino acids 1110-1138, or amino acids 1148-1197 of SEQ ID NO: 30. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/D NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 1049-1096, amino acids 1110-1138, or amino acids 1148-1197 of SEQ ID NO: 30.

[0413] In another embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/D NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a(34/(35 hairpin turn of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/D NTNH or a(38/(39 hairpin turn of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/D NTNH of SEQ ID NO: 24. In another aspect of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/D NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises amino acids 1097-1109 or amino acids 1139-1147 of SEQ ID NO: 30.

[0414] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/D NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 1097-1109 or amino acids 1139-1147 of SEQ ID NO: 30, at least 75% amino acid identity with amino acids 1097-1109 or amino acids 1139-1147 of SEQ ID NO: 30, at least 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 1097-1109 or amino acids 1139-1147 of SEQ ID NO: 30, at least 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 1097-1109 or amino acids 1139-1147 of SEQ ID NO: 30, at least 90%
amino acid identity with amino acids 1097-1109 or amino acids 1139-1147 of SEQ ID NO: 30 or at least 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 1097-1109 or amino acids 1139-1147 of SEQ ID NO: 30.
In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/D NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 1097-1109 or amino acids 1139-1147 of SEQ ID NO: 30, at most 75% amino acid identity with amino acids 1097-1109 or amino acids 1139-1147 of SEQ ID NO: 30, at most 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 1097-1109 or amino acids 1139-1147 of SEQ ID NO: 30, at most 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 1097-1109 or amino acids 1139-1147 of SEQ ID NO: 30, at most 90% amino acid identity with amino acids 1097-1109 or amino acids 1139-1147 of SEQ ID NO: 30 or at most 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 1097-1109 or amino acids 1139-1147 of SEQ ID NO: 30.

[0415] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/D NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 1097-1109 or amino acids 1139-1147 of SEQ ID NO: 30. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/D NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 1097-1109 or amino acids 1139-1147 of SEQ ID NO: 30. In other aspects of this embodiment, a non-contiguous amino acid substitution of any amino acid from amino acids 1097-1109 or amino acids 1139-1147 of SEQ ID NO: 30 can be replaced with glycine. In other aspects of this embodiment, a non-contiguous amino acid substitution of any hydrophobic amino acid from amino acids 1097-1109 or amino acids 1139-1147 of SEQ ID NO: 30 can be replaced with phenylalanine. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/D NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 1097-1109 or amino acids 1139-1147 of SEQ ID NO: 30.
In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/D NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 1097-1109 or amino acids 1139-1147 of SEQ ID NO: 30. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/D NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 1097-1109 or amino acids 1139-1147 of SEQ ID NO: 30. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/D NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 1097-1109 or amino acids 1139-1147 of SEQ ID NO: 30.

[0416] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/D NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 1097-1109 or amino acids 1139-1147 of SEQ ID NO: 30. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/D NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 1097-1109 or amino acids 1139-1147 of SEQ ID NO: 30. In other aspects of this embodiment, contiguous amino acid substitutions of amino acids from amino acids 1097-1109 or amino acids 1139-1147 of SEQ ID NO: 30 can be replaced with glycine. In other aspects of this embodiment, contiguous amino acid substitutions of hydrophobic amino acids from amino acids 1097-1109 or amino acids 1139-1147 of SEQ ID NO: 30 can be replaced with phenylalanine. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a f3-trefoil domain with enhanced binding activity derived from a BoNT/D NTNH comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 1097-1109 or amino acids 1139-1147 of SEQ ID NO: 30. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/D NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 1097-1109 or amino acids 1139-1147 of SEQ ID NO: 30. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/D NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 1097-1109 or amino acids 1139-1147 of SEQ ID NO: 30. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/D
NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 1097-1109 or amino acids 1139-1147 of SEQ ID NO: 30.

[0417] In another embodiment, a binding domain comprises a f3-trefoil domain derived from a BoNT/E
NTNH of SEQ ID NO: 31. In another embodiment, a binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil domain derived from a BoNT/E NTNH comprises amino acids 1014-1163 of SEQ ID NO: 31.
In another aspect of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil domain derived from a BoNT/E NTNH
comprises a a-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/E NTNH, a(3-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/E NTNH or a y-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/E NTNH of SEQ ID
NO: 24. In another aspect of this embodiment, a f3-trefoil domain derived from a BoNT/E NTNH
comprises amino acids 1014-1061, amino acids 1075-1103, or amino acids 1114-1163 of SEQ ID NO: 31.

[0418] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/E NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 1014-1061, amino acids 1075-1103, or amino acids 1114-1163 of SEQ ID NO: 31, at least 75% amino acid identity with amino acids 1014-1061, amino acids 1075-1103, or amino acids 1114-1163 of SEQ ID NO:
31, at least 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 1014-1061, amino acids 1075-1103, or amino acids 1114-1163 of SEQ ID NO: 31, at least 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 1014-1061, amino acids 1075-1103, or amino acids 1114-1163 of SEQ ID NO: 31, at least 90% amino acid identity with amino acids 1014-1061, amino acids 1075-1103, or amino acids 1114-1163 of SEQ ID NO:
31 or at least 95%
amino acid identity with amino acids 1014-1061, amino acids 1075-1103, or amino acids 1114-1163 of SEQ ID NO: 31. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/E NTNH
f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 1014-1061, amino acids 1075-1103, or amino acids 1114-1163 of SEQ ID NO: 31, at most 75% amino acid identity with amino acids 1014-1061, amino acids 1075-1103, or amino acids 1114-1163 of SEQ ID
NO: 31, at most 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 1014-1061, amino acids 1075-1103, or amino acids 1114-1163 of SEQ ID NO: 31, at most 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 1014-1061, amino acids 1075-1103, or amino acids 1114-1163 of SEQ ID NO: 31, at most 90% amino acid identity with amino acids 1014-1061, amino acids 1075-1103, or amino acids 1114-1163 of SEQ
ID NO: 31 or at most 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 1014-1061, amino acids 1075-1103, or amino acids 1114-1163 of SEQ ID NO: 31.

[0419] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/E NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, or 20 non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 1014-1061, amino acids 1075-1103, or amino acids 1114-1163 of SEQ ID NO: 31. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/E NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 1014-1061, amino acids 1075-1103, or amino acids 1114-1163 of SEQ
ID NO: 31. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/E NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 1014-1061, amino acids 1075-1103, or amino acids 1114-1163 of SEQ ID NO: 31. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/E NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 1014-1061, amino acids 1075-1103, or amino acids 1114-1163 of SEQ ID NO:
31. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/E NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 1014-1061, amino acids 1075-1103, or amino acids 1114-1163 of SEQ ID NO: 31. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/E NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 1014-1061, amino acids 1075-1103, or amino acids 1114-1163 of SEQ ID NO: 31.

[0420] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/E NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, or 20 contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 1014-1061, amino acids 1075-1103, or amino acids 1114-1163 of SEQ ID NO: 31. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/E NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 1014-1061, amino acids 1075-1103, or amino acids 1114-1163 of SEQ ID NO:
31. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/E NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 1014-1061, amino acids 1075-1103, or amino acids 1114-1163 of SEQ ID NO: 31. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/E
NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 1014-1061, amino acids 1075-1103, or amino acids 1114-1163 of SEQ ID NO: 31. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/E NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 1014-1061, amino acids 1075-1103, or amino acids 1114-1163 of SEQ ID NO: 31. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/E NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 1014-1061, amino acids 1075-1103, or amino acids 1114-1163 of SEQ ID NO: 31.

[0421] In another embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/E NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a(34/(35 hairpin turn of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/E NTNH or a(38/(39 hairpin turn of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/E NTNH of SEQ ID NO: 24. In another aspect of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/E NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises amino acids 1062-1074 or amino acids 1104-1113 of SEQ ID NO: 31.

[0422] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/E NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 1062-1074 or amino acids 1104-1113 of SEQ ID NO: 31, at least 75% amino acid identity with amino acids 1062-1074 or amino acids 1104-1113 of SEQ ID NO: 31, at least 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 1062-1074 or amino acids 1104-1113 of SEQ ID NO: 31, at least 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 1062-1074 or amino acids 1104-1113 of SEQ ID NO: 31, at least 90%
amino acid identity with amino acids 1062-1074 or amino acids 1104-1113 of SEQ ID NO: 31 or at least 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 1062-1074 or amino acids 1104-1113 of SEQ ID NO: 31.
In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/E NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 1062-1074 or amino acids 1104-1113 of SEQ ID NO: 31, at most 75% amino acid identity with amino acids 1062-1074 or amino acids 1104-1113 of SEQ ID NO: 31, at most 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 1062-1074 or amino acids 1104-1113 of SEQ ID NO: 31, at most 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 1062-1074 or amino acids 1104-1113 of SEQ ID NO: 31, at most 90% amino acid identity with amino acids 1062-1074 or amino acids 1104-1113 of SEQ ID NO: 31 or at most 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 1062-1074 or amino acids 1104-1113 of SEQ ID NO: 31.

[0423] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/E NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 1062-1074 or amino acids 1104-1113 of SEQ ID NO: 31. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/E NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 1062-1074 or amino acids 1104-1113 of SEQ ID NO: 31. In other aspects of this embodiment, a non-contiguous amino acid substitution of any amino acid from amino acids 1062-1074 or amino acids 1104-1113 of SEQ ID NO: 31 can be replaced with glycine. In other aspects of this embodiment, a non-contiguous amino acid substitution of any hydrophobic amino acid from amino acids 1062-1074 or amino acids 1104-1113 of SEQ ID NO: 31 can be replaced with phenylalanine. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/E NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 1062-1074 or amino acids 1104-1113 of SEQ ID NO: 31.
In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/E NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 1062-1074 or amino acids 1104-1113 of SEQ ID NO: 31. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/E NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 1062-1074 or amino acids 1104-1113 of SEQ ID NO: 31. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/E NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 1062-1074 or amino acids 1104-1113 of SEQ ID NO: 31.

[0424] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/E NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 1062-1074 or amino acids 1104-1113 of SEQ ID NO: 31. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/E NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 1062-1074 or amino acids 1104-1113 of SEQ ID NO: 31. In other aspects of this embodiment, contiguous amino acid substitutions of amino acids from amino acids 1062-1074 or amino acids 1104-1113 of SEQ ID NO: 31 can be replaced with glycine. In other aspects of this embodiment, contiguous amino acid substitutions of hydrophobic amino acids from amino acids 1062-1074 or amino acids 1104-1113 of SEQ ID NO: 31 can be replaced with phenylalanine. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a f3-trefoil domain with enhanced binding activity derived from a BoNT/E NTNH comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 1062-1074 or amino acids 1104-1113 of SEQ ID NO: 31. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/E NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 1062-1074 or amino acids 1104-1113 of SEQ ID NO: 31. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/E NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 1062-1074 or amino acids 1104-1113 of SEQ ID NO: 31. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/E
NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 1062-1074 or amino acids 1104-1113 of SEQ ID NO: 31.

[0425] In another embodiment, a binding domain comprises a f3-trefoil domain derived from a BoNT/F
NTNH of SEQ ID NO: 32. In another embodiment, a binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil domain derived from a BoNT/F NTNH comprises amino acids 1016-1160 of SEQ ID NO: 32.
In another aspect of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil domain derived from a BoNT/F NTNH
comprises a a-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/F NTNH, a(3-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/F NTNH or a y-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/F NTNH of SEQ ID
NO: 24. In another aspect of this embodiment, a f3-trefoil domain derived from a BoNT/F NTNH
comprises amino acids 1016-1063, amino acids 1077-1104, or amino acids 1115-1160 of SEQ ID NO: 32.

[0426] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/F NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 1016-1063, amino acids 1077-1104, or amino acids 1115-1160 of SEQ ID NO: 32, at least 75% amino acid identity with amino acids 1016-1063, amino acids 1077-1104, or amino acids 1115-1160 of SEQ ID NO:
32, at least 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 1016-1063, amino acids 1077-1104, or amino acids 1115-1160 of SEQ ID NO: 32, at least 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 1016-1063, amino acids 1077-1104, or amino acids 1115-1160 of SEQ ID NO: 32, at least 90% amino acid identity with amino acids 1016-1063, amino acids 1077-1104, or amino acids 1115-1160 of SEQ ID NO:
32 or at least 95%
amino acid identity with amino acids 1016-1063, amino acids 1077-1104, or amino acids 1115-1160 of SEQ ID NO: 32. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/F NTNH
f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 1016-1063, amino acids 1077-1104, or amino acids 1115-1160 of SEQ ID NO: 32, at most 75% amino acid identity with amino acids 1016-1063, amino acids 1077-1104, or amino acids 1115-1160 of SEQ ID
NO: 32, at most 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 1016-1063, amino acids 1077-1104, or amino acids 1115-1160 of SEQ ID NO: 32, at most 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 1016-1063, amino acids 1077-1104, or amino acids 1115-1160 of SEQ ID NO: 32, at most 90% amino acid identity with amino acids 1016-1063, amino acids 1077-1104, or amino acids 1115-1160 of SEQ
ID NO: 32 or at most 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 1016-1063, amino acids 1077-1104, or amino acids 1115-1160 of SEQ ID NO: 32.

[0427] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/F NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, or 20 non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 1016-1063, amino acids 1077-1104, or amino acids 1115-1160 of SEQ ID NO: 32. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/F NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 1016-1063, amino acids 1077-1104, or amino acids 1115-1160 of SEQ
ID NO: 32. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/F NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 1016-1063, amino acids 1077-1104, or amino acids 1115-1160 of SEQ ID NO: 32. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/F NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 1016-1063, amino acids 1077-1104, or amino acids 1115-1160 of SEQ ID NO:
32. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/F NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 1016-1063, amino acids 1077-1104, or amino acids 1115-1160 of SEQ ID NO: 32. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/F NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 1016-1063, amino acids 1077-1104, or amino acids 1115-1160 of SEQ ID NO: 32.

[0428] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/F NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 1016-1063, amino acids 1077-1104, or amino acids 1115-1160 of SEQ ID NO: 32. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/F NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 1016-1063, amino acids 1077-1104, or amino acids 1115-1160 of SEQ ID NO:
32. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/F NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 1016-1063, amino acids 1077-1104, or amino acids 1115-1160 of SEQ ID NO: 32. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/F
NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 1016-1063, amino acids 1077-1104, or amino acids 1115-1160 of SEQ ID NO: 32. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/F NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 1016-1063, amino acids 1077-1104, or amino acids 1115-1160 of SEQ ID NO: 32. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/F NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 1016-1063, amino acids 1077-1104, or amino acids 1115-1160 of SEQ ID NO: 32.

[0429] In another embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/F NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a(34/(35 hairpin turn of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/F NTNH or a(38/(39 hairpin turn of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/F NTNH of SEQ ID NO: 24. In another aspect of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/F NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises amino acids 1064-1076 or amino acids 1105-1114 of SEQ ID NO: 32.

[0430] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/F NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 1064-1076 or amino acids 1105-1114 of SEQ ID NO: 32, at least 75% amino acid identity with amino acids 1064-1076 or amino acids 1105-1114 of SEQ ID NO: 32, at least 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 1064-1076 or amino acids 1105-1114 of SEQ ID NO: 32, at least 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 1064-1076 or amino acids 1105-1114 of SEQ ID NO: 32, at least 90%
amino acid identity with amino acids 1064-1076 or amino acids 1105-1114 of SEQ ID NO: 32 or at least 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 1064-1076 or amino acids 1105-1114 of SEQ ID NO: 32.
In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/F NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 1064-1076 or amino acids 1105-1114 of SEQ ID NO: 32, at most 75% amino acid identity with amino acids 1064-1076 or amino acids 1105-1114 of SEQ ID NO: 32, at most 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 1064-1076 or amino acids 1105-1114 of SEQ ID NO: 32, at most 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 1064-1076 or amino acids 1105-1114 of SEQ ID NO: 32, at most 90% amino acid identity with amino acids 1064-1076 or amino acids 1105-1114 of SEQ ID NO: 32 or at most 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 1064-1076 or amino acids 1105-1114 of SEQ ID NO: 32.

[0431] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/F NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 1064-1076 or amino acids 1105-1114 of SEQ ID NO: 32. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/F NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 1064-1076 or amino acids 1105-1114 of SEQ ID NO: 32. In other aspects of this embodiment, a non-contiguous amino acid substitution of any amino acid from amino acids 1064-1076 or amino acids 1105-1114 of SEQ ID NO: 32 can be replaced with glycine. In other aspects of this embodiment, a non-contiguous amino acid substitution of any hydrophobic amino acid from amino acids 1064-1076 or amino acids 1105-1114 of SEQ ID NO: 32 can be replaced with phenylalanine. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/F NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 1064-1076 or amino acids 1105-1114 of SEQ ID NO: 32.
In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/F NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 1064-1076 or amino acids 1105-1114 of SEQ ID NO: 32. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/F NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 1064-1076 or amino acids 1105-1114 of SEQ ID NO: 32. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/F NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 1064-1076 or amino acids 1105-1114 of SEQ ID NO: 32.

[0432] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/F NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 1064-1076 or amino acids 1105-1114 of SEQ ID NO: 32. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/F NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 1064-1076 or amino acids 1105-1114 of SEQ ID NO: 32. In other aspects of this embodiment, contiguous amino acid substitutions of amino acids from amino acids 1064-1076 or amino acids 1105-1114 of SEQ ID NO: 32 can be replaced with glycine. In other aspects of this embodiment, contiguous amino acid substitutions of hydrophobic amino acids from amino acids 1064-1076 or amino acids 1105-1114 of SEQ ID NO: 32 can be replaced with phenylalanine. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a f3-trefoil domain with enhanced binding activity derived from a BoNT/F NTNH comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 1064-1076 or amino acids 1105-1114 of SEQ ID NO: 32. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/F NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 1064-1076 or amino acids 1105-1114 of SEQ ID NO: 32. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/F NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 1064-1076 or amino acids 1105-1114 of SEQ ID NO: 32. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/F

NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 1064-1076 or amino acids 1105-1114 of SEQ ID NO: 32.

[0433] In another embodiment, a binding domain comprises a f3-trefoil domain derived from a BoNT/F
NTNH of SEQ ID NO: 33. In another embodiment, a binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil domain derived from a BoNT/F NTNH comprises amino acids 1017-1166 of SEQ ID NO: 33.
In another aspect of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil domain derived from a BoNT/F NTNH
comprises a a-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/F NTNH, a(3-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/F NTNH or a y-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/F NTNH of SEQ ID
NO: 24. In another aspect of this embodiment, a f3-trefoil domain derived from a BoNT/F NTNH
comprises amino acids 1017-1064, amino acids 1078-1106, or amino acids 1117-1166 of SEQ ID NO: 33.

[0434] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/F NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 1017-1064, amino acids 1078-1106, or amino acids 1117-1166 of SEQ ID NO: 33, at least 75% amino acid identity with amino acids 1017-1064, amino acids 1078-1106, or amino acids 1117-1166 of SEQ ID NO:
33, at least 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 1017-1064, amino acids 1078-1106, or amino acids 1117-1166 of SEQ ID NO: 33, at least 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 1017-1064, amino acids 1078-1106, or amino acids 1117-1166 of SEQ ID NO: 33, at least 90% amino acid identity with amino acids 1017-1064, amino acids 1078-1106, or amino acids 1117-1166 of SEQ ID NO:
33 or at least 95%
amino acid identity with amino acids 1017-1064, amino acids 1078-1106, or amino acids 1117-1166 of SEQ ID NO: 33. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/F NTNH
f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 1017-1064, amino acids 1078-1106, or amino acids 1117-1166 of SEQ ID NO: 33, at most 75% amino acid identity with amino acids 1017-1064, amino acids 1078-1106, or amino acids 1117-1166 of SEQ ID
NO: 33, at most 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 1017-1064, amino acids 1078-1106, or amino acids 1117-1166 of SEQ ID NO: 33, at most 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 1017-1064, amino acids 1078-1106, or amino acids 1117-1166 of SEQ ID NO: 33, at most 90% amino acid identity with amino acids 1017-1064, amino acids 1078-1106, or amino acids 1117-1166 of SEQ
ID NO: 33 or at most 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 1017-1064, amino acids 1078-1106, or amino acids 1117-1166 of SEQ ID NO: 33.

[0435] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/F NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, or 20 non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 1017-1064, amino acids 1078-1106, or amino acids 1117-1166 of SEQ ID NO: 33. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/F NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 1017-1064, amino acids 1078-1106, or amino acids 1117-1166 of SEQ
ID NO: 33. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/F NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 1017-1064, amino acids 1078-1106, or amino acids 1117-1166 of SEQ ID NO: 33. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/F NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 1017-1064, amino acids 1078-1106, or amino acids 1117-1166 of SEQ ID NO:
33. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/F NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 1017-1064, amino acids 1078-1106, or amino acids 1117-1166 of SEQ ID NO: 33. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/F NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 1017-1064, amino acids 1078-1106, or amino acids 1117-1166 of SEQ ID NO: 33.

[0436] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/F NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, or 20 contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 1017-1064, amino acids 1078-1106, or amino acids 1117-1166 of SEQ ID NO: 33. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/F NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 1017-1064, amino acids 1078-1106, or amino acids 1117-1166 of SEQ ID NO:
33. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/F NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 1017-1064, amino acids 1078-1106, or amino acids 1117-1166 of SEQ ID NO: 33. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/F
NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 1017-1064, amino acids 1078-1106, or amino acids 1117-1166 of SEQ ID NO: 33. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/F NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 1017-1064, amino acids 1078-1106, or amino acids 1117-1166 of SEQ ID NO: 33. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/F NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 1017-1064, amino acids 1078-1106, or amino acids 1117-1166 of SEQ ID NO: 33.

[0437] In another embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/F NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a(34/(35 hairpin turn of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/F NTNH or a(38/(39 hairpin turn of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/F NTNH of SEQ ID NO: 24. In another aspect of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/F NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises amino acids 1065-1077 or amino acids 1107-1116 of SEQ ID NO: 33.

[0438] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/F NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 1065-1077 or amino acids 1107-1116 of SEQ ID NO: 33, at least 75% amino acid identity with amino acids 1065-1077 or amino acids 1107-1116 of SEQ ID NO: 33, at least 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 1065-1077 or amino acids 1107-1116 of SEQ ID NO: 33, at least 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 1065-1077 or amino acids 1107-1116 of SEQ ID NO: 33, at least 90%
amino acid identity with amino acids 1065-1077 or amino acids 1107-1116 of SEQ ID NO: 33 or at least 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 1065-1077 or amino acids 1107-1116 of SEQ ID NO: 33.
In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/F NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 1065-1077 or amino acids 1107-1116 of SEQ ID NO: 33, at most 75% amino acid identity with amino acids 1065-1077 or amino acids 1107-1116 of SEQ ID NO: 33, at most 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 1065-1077 or amino acids 1107-1116 of SEQ ID NO: 33, at most 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 1065-1077 or amino acids 1107-1116 of SEQ ID NO: 33, at most 90% amino acid identity with amino acids 1065-1077 or amino acids 1107-1116 of SEQ ID NO: 33 or at most 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 1065-1077 or amino acids 1107-1116 of SEQ ID NO: 33.

[0439] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/F NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 1065-1077 or amino acids 1107-1116 of SEQ ID NO: 33. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/F NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 1065-1077 or amino acids 1107-1116 of SEQ ID NO: 33. In other aspects of this embodiment, a non-contiguous amino acid substitution of any amino acid from amino acids 1065-1077 or amino acids 1107-1116 of SEQ ID NO: 33 can be replaced with glycine. In other aspects of this embodiment, a non-contiguous amino acid substitution of any hydrophobic amino acid from amino acids 1065-1077 or amino acids 1107-1116 of SEQ ID NO: 33 can be replaced with phenylalanine. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/F NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 1065-1077 or amino acids 1107-1116 of SEQ ID NO: 33.
In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/F NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 1065-1077 or amino acids 1107-1116 of SEQ ID NO: 33. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/F NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 1065-1077 or amino acids 1107-1116 of SEQ ID NO: 33. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/F NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 1065-1077 or amino acids 1107-1116 of SEQ ID NO: 33.

[0440] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/F NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 1065-1077 or amino acids 1107-1116 of SEQ ID NO: 33. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/F NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 1065-1077 or amino acids 1107-1116 of SEQ ID NO: 33. In other aspects of this embodiment, contiguous amino acid substitutions of amino acids from amino acids 1065-1077 or amino acids 1107-1116 of SEQ ID NO: 33 can be replaced with glycine. In other aspects of this embodiment, contiguous amino acid substitutions of hydrophobic amino acids from amino acids 1065-1077 or amino acids 1107-1116 of SEQ ID NO: 33 can be replaced with phenylalanine. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a f3-trefoil domain with enhanced binding activity derived from a BoNT/F NTNH comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 1065-1077 or amino acids 1107-1116 of SEQ ID NO: 33. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/F NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 1065-1077 or amino acids 1107-1116 of SEQ ID NO: 33. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/F NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 1065-1077 or amino acids 1107-1116 of SEQ ID NO: 33. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/F
NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 1065-1077 or amino acids 1107-1116 of SEQ ID NO: 33.

[0441] In another embodiment, a binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil domain derived from a BoNT/G
NTNH of SEQ ID NO: 34. In another embodiment, a binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil domain derived from a BoNT/G NTNH comprises amino acids 1050-1199 of SEQ ID NO: 34.
In another aspect of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil domain derived from a BoNT/G NTNH
comprises a a-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/G NTNH, a(3-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/G NTNH or a y-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/G NTNH of SEQ ID
NO: 24. In another aspect of this embodiment, a f3-trefoil domain derived from a BoNT/G NTNH
comprises amino acids 1050-1097, amino acids 1111-1139, or amino acids 1150-1199 of SEQ ID NO: 34.

[0442] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/G NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 1050-1097, amino acids 1111-1139, or amino acids 1150-1199 of SEQ ID NO: 34, at least 75% amino acid identity with amino acids 1050-1097, amino acids 1111-1139, or amino acids 1150-1199 of SEQ ID NO:
34, at least 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 1050-1097, amino acids 1111-1139, or amino acids 1150-1199 of SEQ ID NO: 34, at least 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 1050-1097, amino acids 1111-1139, or amino acids 1150-1199 of SEQ ID NO: 34, at least 90% amino acid identity with amino acids 1050-1097, amino acids 1111-1139, or amino acids 1150-1199 of SEQ ID NO:
34 or at least 95%
amino acid identity with amino acids 1050-1097, amino acids 1111-1139, or amino acids 1150-1199 of SEQ ID NO: 34. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/G NTNH

f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 1050-1097, amino acids 1111-1139, or amino acids 1150-1199 of SEQ ID NO: 34, at most 75% amino acid identity with amino acids 1050-1097, amino acids 1111-1139, or amino acids 1150-1199 of SEQ ID
NO: 34, at most 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 1050-1097, amino acids 1111-1139, or amino acids 1150-1199 of SEQ ID NO: 34, at most 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 1050-1097, amino acids 1111-1139, or amino acids 1150-1199 of SEQ ID NO: 34, at most 90% amino acid identity with amino acids 1050-1097, amino acids 1111-1139, or amino acids 1150-1199 of SEQ
ID NO: 34 or at most 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 1050-1097, amino acids 1111-1139, or amino acids 1150-1199 of SEQ ID NO: 34.

[0443] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/G NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, or 20 non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 1050-1097, amino acids 1111-1139, or amino acids 1150-1199 of SEQ ID NO: 34. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/G NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 1050-1097, amino acids 1111-1139, or amino acids 1150-1199 of SEQ
ID NO: 34. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/G NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 1050-1097, amino acids 1111-1139, or amino acids 1150-1199 of SEQ ID NO: 34. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/G NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 1050-1097, amino acids 1111-1139, or amino acids 1150-1199 of SEQ ID NO:
34. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/G NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 1050-1097, amino acids 1111-1139, or amino acids 1150-1199 of SEQ ID NO: 34. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/G NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 1050-1097, amino acids 1111-1139, or amino acids 1150-1199 of SEQ ID NO: 34.

[0444] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/G NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 1050-1097, amino acids 1111-1139, or amino acids 1150-1199 of SEQ ID NO: 34. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/G NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 1050-1097, amino acids 1111-1139, or amino acids 1150-1199 of SEQ ID NO:
34. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/G NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 1050-1097, amino acids 1111-1139, or amino acids 1150-1199 of SEQ ID NO: 34. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/G
NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 1050-1097, amino acids 1111-1139, or amino acids 1150-1199 of SEQ ID NO: 34. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/G NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 1050-1097, amino acids 1111-1139, or amino acids 1150-1199 of SEQ ID NO: 34. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/G NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 1050-1097, amino acids 1111-1139, or amino acids 1150-1199 of SEQ ID NO: 34.

[0445] In another embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/G NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a(34/(35 hairpin turn of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/G NTNH or a(38/(39 hairpin turn of a(3-trefoil domain of a BoNT/G NTNH of SEQ ID NO: 24. In another aspect of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/G NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises amino acids 1098-1110 or amino acids 1140-1149 of SEQ ID NO: 34.

[0446] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/G NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 1098-1110 or amino acids 1140-1149 of SEQ ID NO: 34, at least 75% amino acid identity with amino acids 1098-1110 or amino acids 1140-1149 of SEQ ID NO: 34, at least 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 1098-1110 or amino acids 1140-1149 of SEQ ID NO: 34, at least 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 1098-1110 or amino acids 1140-1149 of SEQ ID NO: 34, at least 90%
amino acid identity with amino acids 1098-1110 or amino acids 1140-1149 of SEQ ID NO: 34 or at least 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 1098-1110 or amino acids 1140-1149 of SEQ ID NO: 34.
In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/G NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 1098-1110 or amino acids 1140-1149 of SEQ ID NO: 34, at most 75% amino acid identity with amino acids 1098-1110 or amino acids 1140-1149 of SEQ ID NO: 34, at most 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 1098-1110 or amino acids 1140-1149 of SEQ ID NO: 34, at most 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 1098-1110 or amino acids 1140-1149 of SEQ ID NO: 34, at most 90% amino acid identity with amino acids 1098-1110 or amino acids 1140-1149 of SEQ ID NO: 34 or at most 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 1098-1110 or amino acids 1140-1149 of SEQ ID NO: 34.

[0447] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/G NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 1098-1110 or amino acids 1140-1149 of SEQ ID NO: 34. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/G NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 1098-1110 or amino acids 1140-1149 of SEQ ID NO: 34. In other aspects of this embodiment, a non-contiguous amino acid substitution of any amino acid from amino acids 1098-1110 or amino acids 1140-1149 of SEQ ID NO: 34 can be replaced with glycine. In other aspects of this embodiment, a non-contiguous amino acid substitution of any hydrophobic amino acid from amino acids 1098-1110 or amino acids 1140-1149 of SEQ ID NO: 34 can be replaced with phenylalanine. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/G NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 1098-1110 or amino acids 1140-1149 of SEQ ID NO: 34.
In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/G NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 1098-1110 or amino acids 1140-1149 of SEQ ID NO: 34. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/G NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 1098-1110 or amino acids 1140-1149 of SEQ ID NO: 34. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/G NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 1098-1110 or amino acids 1140-1149 of SEQ ID NO: 34.

[0448] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/G NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 1098-1110 or amino acids 1140-1149 of SEQ ID NO: 34. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/G NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 1098-1110 or amino acids 1140-1149 of SEQ ID NO: 34. In other aspects of this embodiment, contiguous amino acid substitutions of amino acids from amino acids 1098-1110 or amino acids 1140-1149 of SEQ ID NO: 34 can be replaced with glycine. In other aspects of this embodiment, contiguous amino acid substitutions of hydrophobic amino acids from amino acids 1098-1110 or amino acids 1140-1149 of SEQ ID NO: 34 can be replaced with phenylalanine. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a f3-trefoil domain with enhanced binding activity derived from a BoNT/G NTNH comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 1098-1110 or amino acids 1140-1149 of SEQ ID NO: 34. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/G NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 1098-1110 or amino acids 1140-1149 of SEQ ID NO: 34. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/G NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 1098-1110 or amino acids 1140-1149 of SEQ ID NO: 34. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a BoNT/G
NTNH f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 1098-1110 or amino acids 1140-1149 of SEQ ID NO: 34.

[0449] Another example of a binding domain, includes, without limitation, ligands that bind the same receptors as does the naturally-occurring Clostridial toxins. Recent studies are revealing components of the endogenous receptors used by a Clostridial toxin during the intoxication process. As a non-limiting example, fibroblast growth factor 3 receptor (FGFR3) serves as a BoNT/A
receptor, see, e.g., Ester Fernandez-Salas et al., Botulinum Toxin Screening Assays, PCT Patent Application No. 2005/006421 (Sep., 9, 2005). As another non-limiting example, synaptotagmin I serves as a BoNT/B receptor and as a BoNT/G receptor, see, e.g., Min Dong et al., Synaptotagmins 1 and ll mediate entry of botulinum neurotoxin B into cells, 162(7) J. Cell Biol. 1293-1303 (2003); and Andreas Rummel et al., Synaptotagmins 1 and ll act as nerve cell receptors for botulinum neurotoxin G, 279(29) J. Biol. Chem.
30865-30870 (2004). As yet another non-limiting example, synaptotagmin II
serves as a BoNT/B
receptor and as a BoNT/G receptor, see, e.g., Min Dong et al., supra, (2003);
and Andreas Rummel et al., supra, (2004). The selection of a binding domain will depend on the Clostridial toxin being modified.
As non-limiting examples, ligands that selectively bind to a FGFR3 could be used as a binding domain for a modified BoNT/A, whereas ligands that selectively bind a Synaptotagmin I or Synaptotagmin II could be used as a binding domain for a modified BoNT/B or a modified BoNT/G.

[0450] In addition to its enhanced targeting activity, replacement of a naturally-occurring binding domain with, e.g., an FGF ligand, has an added advantage of reducing the likelihood of the modified toxin from eliciting an immunogenic response. Regions found in the Hcc targeting domain are bound by neutralizing anti-BoNT/A antibodies, see, e.g., M. Zouhair Atassi et al., Mapping of the Antibody-binding Regions on Botulinum Neurotoxin H-chain Domain 855-1296 with Anti-toxin Antibodies from Three Host Species, 15 J. PROT. CHEM. 691-700, (1996); M. Zouhair Atassi & Behzod Z. Dolimbek, Mapping of the Antibody-binding Profile on Botulinum Neurotoxin A HN-domain (residues 449-859) with Anti-toxin Antibodies from Four Host Species. Antigenic Profile of the Entire H-chain of Botulinum Neurotoxin A, 23(1) PROTEIN J.
39-52, (2004). Therefore, elimination of this binding domain will reduce the likelihood of an immunogenic response because 1) the Clostridial toxin Hcc binding domain is absent; 2) a human FGF binding domain will most likely not elicit an immunogenic response in a patient because it is a human polypeptide.

[0451] Fibroblast growth factors (FGF) participate in many developmental, differentiation and growth and repair processes of cells through complex combinatorial signaling pathways.
Presently, at least 23 ligands (FGF1-23) are known to signal through a family of five transmembrane tyrosine kinase FGF
receptors (FGFR1-5). Affinity of FGFRs for their ligands is highly diverse with different affinities for each family member of growth factors, see, e.g., C. J. Powers et al., Fibroblast growth factors, their receptors and signaling, 7(3) Endocr. Relat. Cancer. 165-197 (2000). This diversity is achieved in part by the generation of alternatively spliced variants encoding distinct receptor isoforms, see, e.g., Bernhard Reuss & Oliver von Bohlen und Halbach, Fibroblast growth factors and their receptors in the central nervous system, 313(2) Cell Tissue Res. 139-157 (2003). The protein region that appears to have the highest influence on ligand binding selectivity is a portion of the Iglll domain, for which isoforms encoded by three different splice variants have been identified. These three isoforms, designated Igllla, Iglllb and Iglllc, have relative binding affinities for different FGFR family members.
Alternative splicing in the FGFR ligand binding domain, designated a and b, generates additional receptor isoforms with novel ligand affinities.

Isoforms for Igllla, Iglllb and Iglllc have been identified for both FGFR1 and FGFR2. Thus far, the Igllla isoform of FGFR3 and the Igllla and Iglllb isoforms of FGFR4 and FGFR5 have not been reported.

[0452] Currently, several FGFs have been shown to selectively bind FGFR3, such as, e.g., FGF-1, FGF-2, FGF-4, FGF-8, FGF-9, FGF-17 and FGF-18, see, e.g., Hecht et al., 1995;
Ornitz et al., 1996; and Xu et al., 2000. Additional studies have revealed that FGF-1 and FGF9 preferentially bind FGFR3111b, whereas FGF-1 FGF-2, FGF-4, FGF-8, and FGF9 preferentially bind FGFR3111c. Studies have shown that each of these ligands is present in various vertebrate species with a high degree of sequence identity which suggests functional equivalence or similarity. As a non-limiting example, FGF-8 is found in fish, birds and mammals and each of these FGF-8 ligands have over 80% amino acid sequence identity. As another non-limiting example, FGF-18 is found in fish, birds and mammals and each of these FGF-18 ligands have over 70% amino acid sequence identity. Crystallographic studies have revealed that all FGFs are structurally organized into a(3-trefoil domain. The amino acid sequences comprising the f3-trefoil domains found in various FGF ligands that bind FGFR3 are shown in Table 7.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Tab.ie:::7:>::::
:=#~ef6i[iRarri:aW~:dfiF~:>:::>:::>:::>:::>:::>:::>:::>:::::>:::>:::>:::>:::>::
:>:::>:::>:::>:::>:::>:::>:::>:::>:::>:::>:::>:::>:::>:::>:::>:::>:::>:::>:::>:
::>:::>:::>:::>::
, , , , , , , , , , , , , , : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : :
: : : : : , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , .
i4rri:nÃ.~~fdSe`~~~~e:::~i~:<:io~i:::a~~a:r~Ã~~
:~I:r~te:~3]r~~i:ri>:<:M~i~tieS:>::
~: ~: a:
>
Li"...tid ` :::
:::::>::::>::::>::::>::::>::::> :::::: :::::::::::::::::::>
>::::::>::::::>:::>:::>:::>:::>:::>:::>:::>:::>::
:>: ::> :>::>::>::
ft~l~l:::>::>::>:
-ha:Er Iun:::::;:::;:::;:::;:::;:::;::::>::::>::::>::::>::::>::::. at :
.~n:turn:>:>:>:
::: . ,,: ,,,: : :1~ : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : ,, , ,,,.
,,,,,,,. : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : :
>:

[0453] As used herein, the term "Fibroblast Growth Factor" is synonymous with "FGF" and means a polypeptide with selective binding activity, such as, e.g., a binding affinity or a binding specificity, for a receptor, including endogenous Clostridial toxin receptors such as, e.g., a receptor comprising FGFR3. It is envisioned that both naturally occurring FGFs as well as non-naturally occurring FGFs can be used as a binding domain. Any of a variety of sequence alignment methods can be used to determine percent identity of a non-naturally occurring FGF relative to a naturally-occurring FGF, including, without limitation, global methods, local methods and hybrid methods, such as, e.g., segment approach methods.
Protocols to determine percent identity are routine procedures within the scope of one skilled in the art and from the teaching herein.

[0454] Approaches well known to one skilled in the art on how to modify a FGF
in order to increase its binding activity for an endogenous Clostridial toxin receptor present on a naturally-occurring Clostridial toxin target cell. As described above, one approach involves identifying amino acids using computational protein design algorithms; changing specifically-identified amino acids using, without limitation, site-directed mutagenesis, oligonucleotide-directed mutagenesis and site-specific mutagenesis; and testing the binding activity of multivalent Clostridial toxins comprising a modified FGF with enhanced binding activity using, e.g., heterogeneous assays, homogeneous assays and non-separating homogeneous assays. It is further envisioned that the binding activity of a multivalent Clostridial toxin disclosed in the present specification can be determined by affinity chromatography using immobilized receptors and interfacial optical assays. In another approach described above, a binding activity of a modified FGF for a naturally-occurring Clostridial toxin receptor present on a naturally-occurring Clostridial toxin target cell can be achieved using directed-evolution methods.

[0455] A FGF includes, without limitation, naturally occurring FGF variants, such as, e.g., FGF isoforms and FGF subtypes; non-naturally occurring FGF variants, such as, e.g., conservative FGF variants, non-conservative FGF variants, FGF chimerics, active FGF fragments thereof, or any combination thereof.

[0456] As used herein, the term "FGF variant," whether naturally-occurring or non-naturally-occurring, means a FGF that has at least one amino acid change from the corresponding region of the disclosed reference sequences (see Table 7) and can be described in percent identity to the corresponding region of that reference sequence. Unless expressly indicated, all FGF variants disclosed in the present specification are capable of executing the cell binding step of the intoxication process.

[0457] It is recognized by those of skill in the art that there can be naturally occurring FGF variants that differ somewhat in their amino acid sequence, and also in the nucleic acids encoding these proteins. For example, there are presently at least four FGF-8 variants, FGF-8A, FGF-8A, FGF-8B, FGF-8E and FGF-8F, with specific FGF-8 variants showing various degrees of amino acid divergence when compared to another FGF-8 variant. As another example, there are presently at least two FGF-2 variants, FGF-2-1 and FGF-2-1, with the FGF-2-1 variant showing an amino acid divergence when compared to the FGF-2-2 variant. As used herein, the term "naturally occurring FGF variant" means any FGF produced by a naturally-occurring process, including, without limitation, FGF isoforms produced from alternatively-spliced transcripts, FGF isoforms produced by spontaneous mutation and FGF
subtypes. A naturally occurring FGF variant can function in substantially the same manner as the reference FGF on which the naturally occurring FGF variant is based, and can be substituted for the reference FGF in any aspect of the present invention. A naturally occurring FGF variant may substitute one or more amino acids, two or more amino acids, three or more amino acids, four or more amino acids, five or more amino acids, ten or more amino acids, 20 or more amino acids, 30 or more amino acids, 40 or more amino acids, or 50 or more amino acids from the reference FGF on which the naturally occurring FGF
variant is based. A
naturally occurring FGF variant can also substitute at least 10 contiguous amino acids, at least 15 contiguous amino acids, at least 20 contiguous amino acids, or at least 25 contiguous amino acids from the reference FGF on which the naturally occurring FGF variant is based, that possess at least 50%
amino acid identity, 65% amino acid identity, 75% amino acid identity, 85%
amino acid identity or 95%
amino acid identity to the reference FGF on which the naturally occurring FGF
variant is based.

[0458] A non-limiting examples of a naturally occurring FGF variant is a FGF
isoform such as, e.g., a FGF-1 isoform, a FGF-2 isoform, a FGF-4 isoform, a FGF-8 isoform, a FGF-9 isoform, a FGF-17 isoform and a FGF-18 isoform. A FGF isoform can function in substantially the same manner as the reference FGF on which the FGF isoform is based, and can be substituted for the reference FGF in any aspect of the present invention.

[0459] Another non-limiting examples of a naturally occurring FGF variant is a FGF subtype such as, e.g., a FGF-1 subtype, a FGF-2 subtype, a FGF-4 subtype, a FGF-8 subtype, a FGF-9 subtype, a FGF-17 subtype and a FGF-18 subtype. A FGF subtype can function in substantially the same manner as the reference FGF on which the FGF subtype is based, and can be substituted for the reference FGF in any aspect of the present invention.

[0460] As used herein, the term "non-naturally occurring FGF variant" means any FGF produced with the aid of human manipulation, including, without limitation, FGFs produced by genetic engineering using random mutagenesis or rational design and FGFs produced by chemical synthesis.
Non-limiting examples of non-naturally occurring FGF variants include, e.g., conservative FGF variants, non-conservative FGF variants, FGF chimeric variants and active FGF fragments.

[0461] As used herein, the term "conservative FGF variant" means a FGF that has at least one amino acid substituted by another amino acid or an amino acid analog that has at least one property similar to that of the original amino acid from the reference FGF sequence (see Table 7).
Examples of properties include, without limitation, similar size, topography, charge, hydrophobicity, hydrophilicity, lipophilicity, covalent-bonding capacity, hydrogen-bonding capacity, a physicochemical property, of the like, or any combination thereof. A conservative FGF variant can function in substantially the same manner as the reference FGF on which the conservative FGF variant is based, and can be substituted for the reference FGF in any aspect of the present invention. A conservative FGF variant may substitute one or more amino acids, two or more amino acids, three or more amino acids, four or more amino acids, five or more amino acids, ten or more amino acids, 20 or more amino acids, 30 or more amino acids, 40 or more amino acids or 50 or more amino acids from the reference FGF on which the conservative FGF variant is based. A conservative FGF variant can also substitute at least 10 contiguous amino acids, at least 15 contiguous amino acids, at least 20 contiguous amino acids, or at least 25 contiguous amino acids from the reference FGF on which the conservative FGF variant is based, that possess at least 50% amino acid identity, 65% amino acid identity, 75% amino acid identity, 85% amino acid identity or 95% amino acid identity to the reference FGF on which the conservative FGF variant is based.
Non-limiting examples of a conservative FGF variant include, e.g., a conservative FGF-1 variant, a conservative FGF-2 variant, a conservative FGF-4 variant, a conservative FGF-8 variant, a conservative FGF-9 variant, a conservative FGF-1 7 variant and a conservative FGF-1 8 variant.

[0462] As used herein, the term "non-conservative FGF variant" means a FGF in which 1) at least one amino acid is deleted from the reference FGF on which the non-conservative FGF
variant is based; 2) at least one amino acid added to the reference FGF on which the non-conservative FGF is based; or 3) at least one amino acid is substituted by another amino acid or an amino acid analog that does not share any property similar to that of the original amino acid from the reference FGF
sequence (see Table 7). A

non-conservative FGF variant can function in substantially the same manner as the reference FGF on which the non-conservative FGF variant is based, and can be substituted for the reference FGF in any aspect of the present invention. A non-conservative FGF variant can delete one or more amino acids, two or more amino acids, three or more amino acids, four or more amino acids, five or more amino acids, and ten or more amino acids from the reference FGF on which the non-conservative FGF variant is based. A non-conservative FGF variant can add one or more amino acids, two or more amino acids, three or more amino acids, four or more amino acids, five or more amino acids, and ten or more amino acids to the reference FGF on which the non-conservative FGF variant is based.
A non-conservative FGF variant may substitute one or more amino acids, two or more amino acids, three or more amino acids, four or more amino acids, five or more amino acids, ten or more amino acids, 20 or more amino acids, 30 or more amino acids, 40 or more amino acids or 50 or more amino acids from the reference FGF on which the non-conservative FGF variant is based. A non-conservative FGF
variant can also substitute at least 10 contiguous amino acids, at least 15 contiguous amino acids, at least 20 contiguous amino acids, or at least 25 contiguous amino acids from the reference FGF on which the non-conservative FGF variant is based, that possess at least 50% amino acid identity, 65% amino acid identity, 75% amino acid identity, 85% amino acid identity or 95% amino acid identity to the reference FGF on which the non-conservative FGF variant is based. Non-limiting examples of a non-conservative FGF variant include, e.g., a non-conservative FGF-1 variant, a non-conservative FGF-2 variant, a non-conservative FGF-4 variant, a non-conservative FGF-8 variant, a non-conservative FGF-9 variant, a non-conservative FGF-17 variant and a non-conservative FGF-18 variant.

[0463] As used herein, the term "FGF chimeric" means a polypeptide comprising at least a portion of a FGF and at least a portion of at least one other polypeptide to form an enhanced targeting domain with at least one property different from the reference FGF (see Table 7), with the proviso that this FGF chimeric can specifically bind to an endogenous Clostridial toxin receptor present in a Clostridial toxin target cell, and thus participate in executing the overall cellular mechanism whereby a Clostridial toxin proteolytically cleaves a substrate.

[0464] Thus, in an embodiment, a binding domain comprises a FGF. In aspects of this embodiment, a FGF comprises a f3-trefoil domain derived from a FGF. In an aspect of this embodiment, a f3-trefoil domain derived from a FGF comprises, e.g., a f3-trefoil domain derived from a FGF-1, a f3-trefoil domain derived from a FGF-2, a f3-trefoil domain derived from FGF-4, a f3-trefoil domain derived from a FGF-8, a f3-trefoil domain derived from a FGF-9, a f3-trefoil domain derived from a FGF-17 or a f3-trefoil domain derived from a FGF-18. In another aspect of this embodiment, a f3-trefoil domain derived from a FGF
comprises a a-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a FGF, a(3-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a FGF or a y-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a FGF.

[0465] In another embodiment, a binding domain comprises a f3-trefoil domain derived a FGF-1 of SEQ
ID NO: 35. In another embodiment, a binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil domain derived from a FGF-1 comprises amino acids 26-155 of SEQ ID NO: 35. In another aspect of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil domain derived from a FGF-1 comprises an a-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a FGF-1, a(3-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a FGF-1 or a y-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a FGF-1 of SEQ ID NO: 35. In another aspect of this embodiment, a f3-trefoil domain derived from a FGF-1 comprises amino acids 26-64, amino acids 68-105, or amino acids 109-155 of SEQ ID NO: 35.

[0466] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-1 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 26-64, amino acids 68-105, or amino acids 109-155 of SEQ ID NO: 35, at least 75% amino acid identity with amino acids 26-64, amino acids 68-105, or amino acids 109-155 of SEQ ID NO: 35, at least 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 26-64, amino acids 68-105, or amino acids 109-155 of SEQ ID NO: 35, at least 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 26-64, amino acids 68-105, or amino acids 109-155 of SEQ ID
NO: 35, at least 90% amino acid identity with amino acids 26-64, amino acids 68-105, or amino acids 109-155 of SEQ ID NO: 35 or at least 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 26-64, amino acids 68-105, or amino acids 109-155 of SEQ ID NO: 35. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-1 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 26-64, amino acids 68-105, or amino acids 109-155 of SEQ ID NO: 35, at most 75% amino acid identity with amino acids 26-64, amino acids 68-105, or amino acids 109-155 of SEQ ID NO: 35, at most 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 26-64, amino acids 68-105, or amino acids 109-155 of SEQ ID NO: 35, at most 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 26-64, amino acids 68-105, or amino acids 109-155 of SEQ ID NO: 35, at most 90% amino acid identity with amino acids 26-64, amino acids 68-105, or amino acids 109-155 of SEQ ID NO: 35 or at most 95%
amino acid identity with amino acids 26-64, amino acids 68-105, or amino acids 109-155 of SEQ ID
NO: 35.

[0467] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-1 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 26-64, amino acids 68-105, or amino acids 109-155 of SEQ ID NO: 35. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-1 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 26-64, amino acids 68-105, or amino acids 109-155 of SEQ ID NO: 35. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-1 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 26-64, amino acids 68-105, or amino acids 109-155 of SEQ ID NO:
35. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-1 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 26-64, amino acids 68-105, or amino acids 109-155 of SEQ ID NO: 35.
In still other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-1 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 26-64, amino acids 68-105, or amino acids 109-155 of SEQ ID NO: 35. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-1 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 26-64, amino acids 68-105, or amino acids 109-155 of SEQ ID NO: 35.

[0468] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-1 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 26-64, amino acids 68-105, or amino acids 109-155 of SEQ ID NO: 35. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-1 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 26-64, amino acids 68-105, or amino acids 109-155 of SEQ ID NO: 35. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-1 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 26-64, amino acids 68-105, or amino acids 109-155 of SEQ ID NO: 35. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-1 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 26-64, amino acids 68-105, or amino acids 109-155 of SEQ ID NO: 35. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-1 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 26-64, amino acids 68-105, or amino acids 109-155 of SEQ ID NO: 35. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-1 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 26-64, amino acids 68-105, or amino acids 109-155 of SEQ
ID NO: 35.

[0469] In another embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-1 f3-trefoil domain comprises a (34/(35 hairpin turn of a(3-trefoil domain of a FGF-1 or a(38/(39 hairpin turn of a(3-trefoil domain of a FGF-1 of SEQ ID NO: 35. In another aspect of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-1 f3-trefoil domain comprises amino acids 65-67 or amino acids 106-108 of SEQ ID NO: 35.

[0470] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-1 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 65-67 or amino acids 106-108 of SEQ ID NO: 35, at least 75% amino acid identity with amino acids 65-67 or amino acids 106-108 of SEQ ID NO: 35, at least 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 65-67 or amino acids 106-108 of SEQ ID NO: 35, at least 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 65-67 or amino acids 106-108 of SEQ ID NO: 35, at least 90% amino acid identity with amino acids 65-67 or amino acids 106-108 of SEQ ID NO: 35 or at least 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 65-67 or amino acids 106-108 of SEQ ID NO: 35. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-1 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 65-67 or amino acids 106-108 of SEQ ID NO: 35, at most 75% amino acid identity with amino acids 65-67 or amino acids 106-108 of SEQ ID NO: 35, at most 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 65-67 or amino acids 106-108 of SEQ ID NO: 35, at most 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 65-67 or amino acids 106-108 of SEQ ID NO: 35, at most 90% amino acid identity with amino acids 65-67 or amino acids 106-108 of SEQ ID NO: 35 or at most 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 65-67 or amino acids 106-108 of SEQ ID NO: 35.

[0471] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-1 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 65-67 or amino acids 106-108 of SEQ ID
NO: 35. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-1 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 65-67 or amino acids 106-108 of SEQ ID NO: 35. In other aspects of this embodiment, a non-contiguous amino acid substitution of any amino acid from amino acids 65-67 or amino acids 106-108 of SEQ ID NO: 35 can be replaced with glycine. In other aspects of this embodiment, a non-contiguous amino acid substitution of any hydrophobic amino acid from amino acids 65-67 or amino acids 106-108 of SEQ ID
NO: 35 can be replaced with phenylalanine. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-1 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 65-67 or amino acids 106-108 of SEQ ID
NO: 35. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-1 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 65-67 or amino acids 106-108 of SEQ ID NO: 35. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-1 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 65-67 or amino acids 106-108 of SEQ ID NO: 35. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-1 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 65-67 or amino acids 106-108 of SEQ ID
NO: 35.

[0472] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-1 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 65-67 or amino acids 106-108 of SEQ ID NO: 35. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-1 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 65-67 or amino acids 106-108 of SEQ ID NO: 35. In other aspects of this embodiment, contiguous amino acid substitutions of amino acids from amino acids 65-67 or amino acids 106-108 of SEQ ID NO: 35 can be replaced with glycine. In other aspects of this embodiment, contiguous amino acid substitutions of hydrophobic amino acids from amino acids 65-67 or amino acids 106-108 of SEQ
ID NO: 35 can be replaced with phenylalanine. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-1 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 65-67 or amino acids 106-108 of SEQ ID NO: 35. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-1 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 65-67 or amino acids 106-108 of SEQ ID NO: 35. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-1 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 65-67 or amino acids 106-108 of SEQ ID NO: 35. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-1 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 65-67 or amino acids 106-108 of SEQ ID NO:
35.

[0473] In another embodiment, a binding domain comprises a f3-trefoil domain derived a FGF-2 of SEQ
ID NO: 36. In another embodiment, a binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil domain derived from a FGF-2 comprises amino acids 29-155 of SEQ ID NO: 36. In another aspect of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil domain derived from a FGF-2 comprises an a-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a FGF-2, a(3-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a FGF-2 or a y-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a FGF-2 of SEQ ID NO: 36. In another aspect of this embodiment, a f3-trefoil domain derived from a FGF-2 comprises amino acids 29-67, amino acids 71-111, or amino acids 115-155 of SEQ ID NO: 36.

[0474] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-2 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 29-67, amino acids 71-111, or amino acids 115-155 of SEQ ID NO: 36, at least 75% amino acid identity with amino acids 29-67, amino acids 71-111, or amino acids 115-155 of SEQ ID NO: 36, at least 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 29-67, amino acids 71-111, or amino acids 115-155 of SEQ ID NO: 36, at least 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 29-67, amino acids 71-111, or amino acids 115-155 of SEQ ID
NO: 36, at least 90% amino acid identity with amino acids 29-67, amino acids 71-111, or amino acids 115-155 of SEQ ID NO: 36 or at least 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 29-67, amino acids 71-111, or amino acids 115-155 of SEQ ID NO: 36. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-2 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 29-67, amino acids 71-111, or amino acids 115-155 of SEQ ID NO: 36, at most 75% amino acid identity with amino acids 29-67, amino acids 71-111, or amino acids 115-155 of SEQ ID NO: 36, at most 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 29-67, amino acids 71-111, or amino acids 115-155 of SEQ ID NO: 36, at most 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 29-67, amino acids 71-111, or amino acids 115-155 of SEQ ID NO: 36, at most 90% amino acid identity with amino acids 29-67, amino acids 71-111, or amino acids 115-155 of SEQ ID NO: 36 or at most 95%
amino acid identity with amino acids 29-67, amino acids 71-111, or amino acids 115-155 of SEQ ID
NO: 36.

[0475] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-2 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 29-67, amino acids 71-111, or amino acids 115-155 of SEQ ID NO: 36. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-2 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 29-67, amino acids 71-111, or amino acids 115-155 of SEQ ID NO: 36. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-2 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 29-67, amino acids 71-111, or amino acids 115-155 of SEQ ID NO:
36. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-2 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 29-67, amino acids 71-111, or amino acids 115-155 of SEQ ID NO: 36.
In still other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-2 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 29-67, amino acids 71-111, or amino acids 115-155 of SEQ ID NO: 36. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-2 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 29-67, amino acids 71-111, or amino acids 115-155 of SEQ ID NO: 36.

[0476] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-2 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 29-67, amino acids 71-111, or amino acids 115-155 of SEQ ID NO: 36. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-2 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 29-67, amino acids 71-111, or amino acids 115-155 of SEQ ID NO: 36. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-2 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 29-67, amino acids 71-111, or amino acids 115-155 of SEQ ID NO: 36. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-2 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 29-67, amino acids 71-111, or amino acids 115-155 of SEQ ID NO: 36. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-2 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 29-67, amino acids 71-111, or amino acids 115-155 of SEQ ID NO: 36. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-2 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 29-67, amino acids 71-111, or amino acids 115-155 of SEQ
ID NO: 36.

[0477] In another embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-2 f3-trefoil domain comprises a (34/(35 hairpin turn of a(3-trefoil domain of a FGF-2 or a(38/(39 hairpin turn of a(3-trefoil domain of a FGF-2 of SEQ ID NO: 35. In another aspect of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-2 f3-trefoil domain comprises amino acids 68-70 or amino acids 112-114 of SEQ ID NO: 36.

[0478] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-2 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 68-70 or amino acids 112-114 of SEQ ID NO: 36, at least 75% amino acid identity with amino acids 68-70 or amino acids 112-114 of SEQ ID NO: 36, at least 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 68-70 or amino acids 112-114 of SEQ ID NO: 36, at least 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 68-70 or amino acids 112-114 of SEQ ID NO: 36, at least 90% amino acid identity with amino acids 68-70 or amino acids 112-114 of SEQ ID NO: 36 or at least 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 68-70 or amino acids 112-114 of SEQ ID NO: 36. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-2 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 68-70 or amino acids 112-114 of SEQ ID NO: 36, at most 75% amino acid identity with amino acids 68-70 or amino acids 112-114 of SEQ ID NO: 36, at most 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 68-70 or amino acids 112-114 of SEQ ID NO: 36, at most 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 68-70 or amino acids 112-114 of SEQ ID NO: 36, at most 90% amino acid identity with amino acids 68-70 or amino acids 112-114 of SEQ ID NO: 36 or at most 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 68-70 or amino acids 112-114 of SEQ ID NO: 36.

[0479] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-2 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 68-70 or amino acids 112-114 of SEQ ID
NO: 36. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-2 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 68-70 or amino acids 112-114 of SEQ ID NO: 36. In other aspects of this embodiment, a non-contiguous amino acid substitution of any amino acid from amino acids 68-70 or amino acids 112-114 of SEQ ID NO: 36 can be replaced with glycine. In other aspects of this embodiment, a non-contiguous amino acid substitution of any hydrophobic amino acid from amino acids 68-70 or amino acids 112-114 of SEQ ID
NO: 36 can be replaced with phenylalanine. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-2 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 68-70 or amino acids 112-114 of SEQ ID
NO: 36. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-2 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 68-70 or amino acids 112-114 of SEQ ID NO: 36. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-2 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 68-70 or amino acids 112-114 of SEQ ID NO: 36. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-2 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 68-70 or amino acids 112-114 of SEQ ID
NO: 36.

[0480] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-2 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 68-70 or amino acids 112-114 of SEQ ID NO: 36. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-2 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 68-70 or amino acids 112-114 of SEQ ID NO: 36. In other aspects of this embodiment, contiguous amino acid substitutions of amino acids from amino acids 68-70 or amino acids 112-114 of SEQ ID NO: 36 can be replaced with glycine. In other aspects of this embodiment, contiguous amino acid substitutions of hydrophobic amino acids from amino acids 68-70 or amino acids 112-114 of SEQ
ID NO: 36 can be replaced with phenylalanine. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-2 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 68-70 or amino acids 112-114 of SEQ ID NO: 36. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-2 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 68-70 or amino acids 112-114 of SEQ ID NO: 36. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-2 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 68-70 or amino acids 112-114 of SEQ ID NO: 36. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-2 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 68-70 or amino acids 112-114 of SEQ ID NO:
36.

[0481] In another embodiment, a binding domain comprises a f3-trefoil domain derived a FGF-4 of SEQ
ID NO: 37. In another embodiment, a binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil domain derived from a FGF-4 comprises amino acids 83-206 of SEQ ID NO: 37. In another aspect of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil domain derived from a FGF-4 comprises an a-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a FGF-4, a(3-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a FGF-4 or a y-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a FGF-4 of SEQ ID NO: 37. In another aspect of this embodiment, a f3-trefoil domain derived from a FGF-4 comprises amino acids 83-121, amino acids 125-162, or amino acids 166-206 of SEQ ID NO: 37.

[0482] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-4 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 83-121, amino acids 125-162, or amino acids 166-206 of SEQ ID NO: 37, at least 75% amino acid identity with amino acids 83-121, amino acids 125-162, or amino acids 166-206 of SEQ ID NO: 37, at least 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 83-121, amino acids 125-162, or amino acids 166-206 of SEQ ID NO: 37, at least 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 83-121, amino acids 125-162, or amino acids 166-206 of SEQ ID NO: 37, at least 90% amino acid identity with amino acids 83-121, amino acids 125-162, or amino acids 166-206 of SEQ ID NO: 37 or at least 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 83-121, amino acids 125-162, or amino acids 166-206 of SEQ ID NO: 37. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-4 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 83-121, amino acids 125-162, or amino acids 166-206 of SEQ ID NO: 37, at most 75% amino acid identity with amino acids 83-121, amino acids 125-162, or amino acids 166-206 of SEQ ID NO: 37, at most 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 83-121, amino acids 125-162, or amino acids 166-206 of SEQ ID NO: 37, at most 85%
amino acid identity with amino acids 83-121, amino acids 125-162, or amino acids 166-206 of SEQ ID NO:
37, at most 90%
amino acid identity with amino acids 83-121, amino acids 125-162, or amino acids 166-206 of SEQ ID
NO: 37 or at most 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 83-121, amino acids 125-162, or amino acids 166-206 of SEQ ID NO: 37.

[0483] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-4 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 83-121, amino acids 125-162, or amino acids 166-206 of SEQ ID NO: 37. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-4 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 83-121, amino acids 125-162, or amino acids 166-206 of SEQ ID NO: 37. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-4 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 83-121, amino acids 125-162, or amino acids 166-206 of SEQ ID NO:
37. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-4 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 83-121, amino acids 125-162, or amino acids 166-206 of SEQ ID NO: 37. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-4 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 83-121, amino acids 125-162, or amino acids 166-206 of SEQ ID NO: 37. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-4 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 83-121, amino acids 125-162, or amino acids 166-206 of SEQ ID NO:
37.

[0484] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-4 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 83-121, amino acids 125-162, or amino acids 166-206 of SEQ ID NO: 37. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-4 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 83-121, amino acids 125-162, or amino acids 166-206 of SEQ ID NO: 37. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-4 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 83-121, amino acids 125-162, or amino acids 166-206 of SEQ ID NO: 37. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-4 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 83-121, amino acids 125-162, or amino acids 166-206 of SEQ ID NO: 37. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-4 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 83-121, amino acids 125-162, or amino acids 166-206 of SEQ ID NO: 37. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-4 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 83-121, amino acids 125-162, or amino acids 166-206 of SEQ ID NO: 37.

[0485] In another embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-4 f3-trefoil domain comprises a (34/(35 hairpin turn of a(3-trefoil domain of a FGF-4 or a(38/(39 hairpin turn of a(3-trefoil domain of a FGF-4 of SEQ ID NO: 35. In another aspect of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-4 f3-trefoil domain comprises amino acids 122-124 or amino acids 163-165 of SEQ ID NO: 37.

[0486] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-4 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 122-124 or amino acids 163-165 of SEQ ID NO: 37, at least 75% amino acid identity with amino acids 122-124 or amino acids 163-165 of SEQ ID NO: 37, at least 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 122-124 or amino acids 163-165 of SEQ ID NO: 37, at least 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 122-124 or amino acids 163-165 of SEQ ID NO: 37, at least 90% amino acid identity with amino acids 122-124 or amino acids 163-165 of SEQ ID NO: 37 or at least 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 122-124 or amino acids 163-165 of SEQ ID NO: 37. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-4 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most 70%
amino acid identity with amino acids 122-124 or amino acids 163-165 of SEQ ID NO: 37, at most 75% amino acid identity with amino acids 122-124 or amino acids 163-165 of SEQ ID NO: 37, at most 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 122-124 or amino acids 163-165 of SEQ ID NO: 37, at most 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 122-124 or amino acids 163-165 of SEQ ID NO: 37, at most 90% amino acid identity with amino acids 122-124 or amino acids 163-165 of SEQ ID NO: 37 or at most 95%
amino acid identity with amino acids 122-124 or amino acids 163-165 of SEQ ID NO: 37.

[0487] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-4 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 122-124 or amino acids 163-165 of SEQ ID
NO: 37. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-4 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 122-124 or amino acids 163-165 of SEQ ID NO: 37. In other aspects of this embodiment, a non-contiguous amino acid substitution of any amino acid from amino acids 122-124 or amino acids 163-165 of SEQ ID NO: 37 can be replaced with glycine. In other aspects of this embodiment, a non-contiguous amino acid substitution of any hydrophobic amino acid from amino acids 122-124 or amino acids 163-165 of SEQ ID NO: 37 can be replaced with phenylalanine. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-4 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 122-124 or amino acids 163-165 of SEQ ID NO: 37. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-4 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 122-124 or amino acids 163-165 of SEQ ID NO: 37. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-4 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 122-124 or amino acids 163-165 of SEQ ID NO: 37. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-4 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 122-124 or amino acids 163-165 of SEQ ID NO: 37.

[0488] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-4 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 122-124 or amino acids 163-165 of SEQ ID NO: 37. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-4 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 122-124 or amino acids 163-165 of SEQ ID NO: 37. In other aspects of this embodiment, contiguous amino acid substitutions of amino acids from amino acids 122-124 or amino acids 163-165 of SEQ ID NO: 37 can be replaced with glycine. In other aspects of this embodiment, contiguous amino acid substitutions of hydrophobic amino acids from amino acids 122-124 or amino acids 163-165 of SEQ
ID NO: 37 can be replaced with phenylalanine. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-4 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 122-124 or amino acids 163-165 of SEQ ID NO: 37. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-4 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 122-124 or amino acids 163-165 of SEQ ID NO: 37. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-4 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 122-124 or amino acids 163-165 of SEQ ID NO: 37. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-4 11-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 122-124 or amino acids 163-165 of SEQ ID NO:
37.

[0489] In another embodiment, a binding domain comprises a f3-trefoil domain derived a FGF-8 of SEQ
ID NO: 38. In another embodiment, a binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil domain derived from a FGF-8 comprises amino acids 43-172 of SEQ ID NO: 38. In another aspect of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil domain derived from a FGF-8 comprises an a-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a FGF-8, a(3-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a FGF-8 or a y-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a FGF-8 of SEQ ID NO: 38. In another aspect of this embodiment, a f3-trefoil domain derived from a FGF-8 comprises amino acids 43-80, amino acids 84-123, or amino acids 127-172 of SEQ ID NO: 38.

[0490] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-8 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 43-80, amino acids 84-123, or amino acids 127-172 of SEQ ID NO: 38, at least 75% amino acid identity with amino acids 43-80, amino acids 84-123, or amino acids 127-172 of SEQ ID NO: 38, at least 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 43-80, amino acids 84-123, or amino acids 127-172 of SEQ ID NO: 38, at least 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 43-80, amino acids 84-123, or amino acids 127-172 of SEQ ID
NO: 38, at least 90% amino acid identity with amino acids 43-80, amino acids 84-123, or amino acids 127-172 of SEQ ID NO: 38 or at least 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 43-80, amino acids 84-123, or amino acids 127-172 of SEQ ID NO: 38. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-8 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 43-80, amino acids 84-123, or amino acids 127-172 of SEQ ID NO: 38, at most 75% amino acid identity with amino acids 43-80, amino acids 84-123, or amino acids 127-172 of SEQ ID NO: 38, at most 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 43-80, amino acids 84-123, or amino acids 127-172 of SEQ ID NO: 38, at most 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 43-80, amino acids 84-123, or amino acids 127-172 of SEQ ID NO: 38, at most 90% amino acid identity with amino acids 43-80, amino acids 84-123, or amino acids 127-172 of SEQ ID NO: 38 or at most 95%
amino acid identity with amino acids 43-80, amino acids 84-123, or amino acids 127-172 of SEQ ID
NO: 38.

[0491] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-8 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 43-80, amino acids 84-123, or amino acids 127-172 of SEQ ID NO: 38. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-8 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 43-80, amino acids 84-123, or amino acids 127-172 of SEQ ID NO: 38. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-8 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 43-80, amino acids 84-123, or amino acids 127-172 of SEQ ID NO:
38. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-8 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 43-80, amino acids 84-123, or amino acids 127-172 of SEQ ID NO: 38.
In still other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-8 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 43-80, amino acids 84-123, or amino acids 127-172 of SEQ ID NO: 38. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-8 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 43-80, amino acids 84-123, or amino acids 127-172 of SEQ ID NO: 38.

[0492] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-8 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 43-80, amino acids 84-123, or amino acids 127-172 of SEQ ID NO: 38. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-8 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 43-80, amino acids 84-123, or amino acids 127-172 of SEQ ID NO: 38. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-8 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 43-80, amino acids 84-123, or amino acids 127-172 of SEQ ID NO: 38. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-8 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 43-80, amino acids 84-123, or amino acids 127-172 of SEQ ID NO: 38. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-8 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 43-80, amino acids 84-123, or amino acids 127-172 of SEQ ID NO: 38. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-8 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 43-80, amino acids 84-123, or amino acids 127-172 of SEQ
ID NO: 38.

[0493] In another embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-8 f3-trefoil domain comprises a (34/(35 hairpin turn of a(3-trefoil domain of a FGF-8 or a(38/(39 hairpin turn of a(3-trefoil domain of a FGF-8 of SEQ ID NO: 35. In another aspect of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-8 f3-trefoil domain comprises amino acids 81-83 or amino acids 124-126 of SEQ ID NO: 38.

[0494] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-8 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 81-83 or amino acids 124-126 of SEQ ID NO: 38, at least 75% amino acid identity with amino acids 81-83 or amino acids 124-126 of SEQ ID NO: 38, at least 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 81-83 or amino acids 124-126 of SEQ ID NO: 38, at least 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 81-83 or amino acids 124-126 of SEQ ID NO: 38, at least 90% amino acid identity with amino acids 81-83 or amino acids 124-126 of SEQ ID NO: 38 or at least 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 81-83 or amino acids 124-126 of SEQ ID NO: 38. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-8 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 81-83 or amino acids 124-126 of SEQ ID NO: 38, at most 75% amino acid identity with amino acids 81-83 or amino acids 124-126 of SEQ ID NO: 38, at most 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 81-83 or amino acids 124-126 of SEQ ID NO: 38, at most 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 81-83 or amino acids 124-126 of SEQ ID NO: 38, at most 90% amino acid identity with amino acids 81-83 or amino acids 124-126 of SEQ ID NO: 38 or at most 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 81-83 or amino acids 124-126 of SEQ ID NO: 38.

[0495] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-8 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 81-83 or amino acids 124-126 of SEQ ID
NO: 38. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-8 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 81-83 or amino acids 124-126 of SEQ ID NO: 38. In other aspects of this embodiment, a non-contiguous amino acid substitution of any amino acid from amino acids 81-83 or amino acids 124-126 of SEQ ID NO: 38 can be replaced with glycine. In other aspects of this embodiment, a non-contiguous amino acid substitution of any hydrophobic amino acid from amino acids 81-83 or amino acids 124-126 of SEQ ID
NO: 38 can be replaced with phenylalanine. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-8 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 81-83 or amino acids 124-126 of SEQ ID
NO: 38. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-8 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 81-83 or amino acids 124-126 of SEQ ID NO: 38. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-8 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 81-83 or amino acids 124-126 of SEQ ID NO: 38. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-8 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 81-83 or amino acids 124-126 of SEQ ID
NO: 38.

[0496] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-8 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 81-83 or amino acids 124-126 of SEQ ID NO: 38. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-8 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 81-83 or amino acids 124-126 of SEQ ID NO: 38. In other aspects of this embodiment, contiguous amino acid substitutions of amino acids from amino acids 81-83 or amino acids 124-126 of SEQ ID NO: 38 can be replaced with glycine. In other aspects of this embodiment, contiguous amino acid substitutions of hydrophobic amino acids from amino acids 81-83 or amino acids 124-126 of SEQ
ID NO: 38 can be replaced with phenylalanine. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-8 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 81-83 or amino acids 124-126 of SEQ ID NO: 38. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-8 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 81-83 or amino acids 124-126 of SEQ ID NO: 38. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-8 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 81-83 or amino acids 124-126 of SEQ ID NO: 38. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-8 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 81-83 or amino acids 124-126 of SEQ ID NO:
38.

[0497] In another embodiment, a binding domain comprises a f3-trefoil domain derived a FGF-9 of SEQ
ID NO: 39. In another embodiment, a binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil domain derived from a FGF-9 comprises amino acids 63-196 of SEQ ID NO: 39. In another aspect of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil domain derived from a FGF-9 comprises an a-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a FGF-9, a(3-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a FGF-9 or a y-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a FGF-9 of SEQ ID NO: 39. In another aspect of this embodiment, a f3-trefoil domain derived from a FGF-9 comprises amino acids 63-100, amino acids 104-144, or amino acids 148-196 of SEQ ID NO: 39.

[0498] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-9 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 63-100, amino acids 104-144, or amino acids 148-196 of SEQ ID NO: 39, at least 75% amino acid identity with amino acids 63-100, amino acids 104-144, or amino acids 148-196 of SEQ ID NO: 39, at least 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 63-100, amino acids 104-144, or amino acids 148-196 of SEQ ID NO: 39, at least 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 63-100, amino acids 104-144, or amino acids 148-196 of SEQ ID NO: 39, at least 90% amino acid identity with amino acids 63-100, amino acids 104-144, or amino acids 148-196 of SEQ ID NO: 39 or at least 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 63-100, amino acids 104-144, or amino acids 148-196 of SEQ ID NO: 39. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-9 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 63-100, amino acids 104-144, or amino acids 148-196 of SEQ ID NO: 39, at most 75% amino acid identity with amino acids 63-100, amino acids 104-144, or amino acids 148-196 of SEQ ID NO: 39, at most 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 63-100, amino acids 104-144, or amino acids 148-196 of SEQ ID NO: 39, at most 85%
amino acid identity with amino acids 63-100, amino acids 104-144, or amino acids 148-196 of SEQ ID NO:
39, at most 90%
amino acid identity with amino acids 63-100, amino acids 104-144, or amino acids 148-196 of SEQ ID
NO: 39 or at most 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 63-100, amino acids 104-144, or amino acids 148-196 of SEQ ID NO: 39.

[0499] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-9 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 63-100, amino acids 104-144, or amino acids 148-196 of SEQ ID NO: 39. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-9 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 63-100, amino acids 104-144, or amino acids 148-196 of SEQ ID NO: 39. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-9 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 63-100, amino acids 104-144, or amino acids 148-196 of SEQ ID NO:
39. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-9 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 63-100, amino acids 104-144, or amino acids 148-196 of SEQ ID NO: 39. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-9 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 63-100, amino acids 104-144, or amino acids 148-196 of SEQ ID NO: 39. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-9 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 63-100, amino acids 104-144, or amino acids 148-196 of SEQ ID NO:
39.

[0500] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-9 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 63-100, amino acids 104-144, or amino acids 148-196 of SEQ ID NO: 39. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-9 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 63-100, amino acids 104-144, or amino acids 148-196 of SEQ ID NO: 39. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-9 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 63-100, amino acids 104-144, or amino acids 148-196 of SEQ ID NO: 39. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-9 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 63-100, amino acids 104-144, or amino acids 148-196 of SEQ ID NO: 39. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-9 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 63-100, amino acids 104-144, or amino acids 148-196 of SEQ ID NO: 39. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-9 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 63-100, amino acids 104-144, or amino acids 148-196 of SEQ ID NO: 39.

[0501] In another embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-9 f3-trefoil domain comprises a (34/(35 hairpin turn of a(3-trefoil domain of a FGF-9 or a(38/(39 hairpin turn of a(3-trefoil domain of a FGF-9 of SEQ ID NO: 35. In another aspect of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-9 f3-trefoil domain comprises amino acids 101-103 or amino acids 145-147 of SEQ ID NO: 39.

[0502] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-9 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 101-103 or amino acids 145-147 of SEQ ID NO: 39, at least 75% amino acid identity with amino acids 101-103 or amino acids 145-147 of SEQ ID NO: 39, at least 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 101-103 or amino acids 145-147 of SEQ ID NO: 39, at least 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 101-103 or amino acids 145-147 of SEQ ID NO: 39, at least 90% amino acid identity with amino acids 101-103 or amino acids 145-147 of SEQ ID NO: 39 or at least 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 101-103 or amino acids 145-147 of SEQ ID NO: 39. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-9 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most 70%
amino acid identity with amino acids 101-103 or amino acids 145-147 of SEQ ID NO: 39, at most 75% amino acid identity with amino acids 101-103 or amino acids 145-147 of SEQ ID NO: 39, at most 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 101-103 or amino acids 145-147 of SEQ ID NO: 39, at most 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 101-103 or amino acids 145-147 of SEQ ID NO: 39, at most 90% amino acid identity with amino acids 101-103 or amino acids 145-147 of SEQ ID NO: 39 or at most 95%
amino acid identity with amino acids 101-103 or amino acids 145-147 of SEQ ID NO: 39.

[0503] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-9 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 101-103 or amino acids 145-147 of SEQ ID
NO: 39. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-9 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 101-103 or amino acids 145-147 of SEQ ID NO: 39. In other aspects of this embodiment, a non-contiguous amino acid substitution of any amino acid from amino acids 101-103 or amino acids 145-147 of SEQ ID NO: 39 can be replaced with glycine. In other aspects of this embodiment, a non-contiguous amino acid substitution of any hydrophobic amino acid from amino acids 101-103 or amino acids 145-147 of SEQ ID NO: 39 can be replaced with phenylalanine. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-9 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 101-103 or amino acids 145-147 of SEQ ID NO: 39. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-9 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 101-103 or amino acids 145-147 of SEQ ID NO: 39. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-9 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 101-103 or amino acids 145-147 of SEQ ID NO: 39. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-9 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 101-103 or amino acids 145-147 of SEQ ID NO: 39.

[0504] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-9 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 101-103 or amino acids 145-147 of SEQ ID NO: 39. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-9 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 101-103 or amino acids 145-147 of SEQ ID NO: 39. In other aspects of this embodiment, contiguous amino acid substitutions of amino acids from amino acids 101-103 or amino acids 145-147 of SEQ ID NO: 39 can be replaced with glycine. In other aspects of this embodiment, contiguous amino acid substitutions of hydrophobic amino acids from amino acids 101-103 or amino acids 145-147 of SEQ
ID NO: 39 can be replaced with phenylalanine. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-9 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 101-103 or amino acids 145-147 of SEQ ID NO: 39. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-9 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 101-103 or amino acids 145-147 of SEQ ID NO: 39. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-9 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 101-103 or amino acids 145-147 of SEQ ID NO: 39. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-9 11-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 101-103 or amino acids 145-147 of SEQ ID NO:
39.

[0505] In another embodiment, a binding domain comprises a f3-trefoil domain derived a FGF-17 of SEQ
ID NO: 40. In another embodiment, a binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil domain derived from a FGF-17 comprises amino acids 55-183 of SEQ ID NO: 40. In another aspect of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil domain derived from a FGF-17 comprises an a-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a FGF-1 7, a(3-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a FGF-1 7 or a y-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a FGF-1 7 of SEQ ID NO: 40. In another aspect of this embodiment, a f3-trefoil domain derived from a FGF-1 7 comprises amino acids 55-91, amino acids 95-134, or amino acids 138-183 of SEQ ID NO: 40.

[0506] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-17 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 55-91, amino acids 95-134, or amino acids 138-183 of SEQ ID NO: 40, at least 75% amino acid identity with amino acids 55-91, amino acids 95-134, or amino acids 138-183 of SEQ ID NO: 40, at least 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 55-91, amino acids 95-134, or amino acids 138-183 of SEQ ID NO: 40, at least 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 55-91, amino acids 95-134, or amino acids 138-183 of SEQ ID
NO: 40, at least 90% amino acid identity with amino acids 55-91, amino acids 95-134, or amino acids 138-183 of SEQ ID NO: 40 or at least 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 55-91, amino acids 95-134, or amino acids 138-183 of SEQ ID NO: 40. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-17 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 55-91, amino acids 95-134, or amino acids 138-183 of SEQ ID NO: 40, at most 75% amino acid identity with amino acids 55-91, amino acids 95-134, or amino acids 138-183 of SEQ ID NO: 40, at most 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 55-91, amino acids 95-134, or amino acids 138-183 of SEQ ID NO: 40, at most 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 55-91, amino acids 95-134, or amino acids 138-183 of SEQ ID NO: 40, at most 90% amino acid identity with amino acids 55-91, amino acids 95-134, or amino acids 138-183 of SEQ ID NO: 40 or at most 95%
amino acid identity with amino acids 55-91, amino acids 95-134, or amino acids 138-183 of SEQ ID
NO: 40.

[0507] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-17 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 55-91, amino acids 95-134, or amino acids 138-183 of SEQ ID NO: 40. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-17 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 55-91, amino acids 95-134, or amino acids 138-183 of SEQ ID NO: 40. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-1 7 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 55-91, amino acids 95-134, or amino acids 138-183 of SEQ ID NO:
40. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-17 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 55-91, amino acids 95-134, or amino acids 138-183 of SEQ ID NO:
40. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-17 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 55-91, amino acids 95-134, or amino acids 138-183 of SEQ ID NO: 40. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-17 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 55-91, amino acids 95-134, or amino acids 138-183 of SEQ ID NO: 40.

[0508] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-17 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 55-91, amino acids 95-134, or amino acids 138-183 of SEQ ID NO: 40. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-17 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 55-91, amino acids 95-134, or amino acids 138-183 of SEQ ID NO: 40. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-1 7 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 55-91, amino acids 95-134, or amino acids 138-183 of SEQ ID NO: 40. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-1 7 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 55-91, amino acids 95-134, or amino acids 138-183 of SEQ ID NO: 40. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-17 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 55-91, amino acids 95-134, or amino acids 138-183 of SEQ ID NO: 40. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-17 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 55-91, amino acids 95-134, or amino acids 138-183 of SEQ
ID NO: 40.

[0509] In another embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-17 f3-trefoil domain comprises a (34/(35 hairpin turn of a(3-trefoil domain of a FGF-1 7 or a(38/(39 hairpin turn of a(3-trefoil domain of a FGF-17 of SEQ ID NO: 35. In another aspect of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-1 7 11-trefoil domain comprises amino acids 92-94 or amino acids 135-137 of SEQ ID
NO: 40.

[0510] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-17 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 92-94 or amino acids 135-137 of SEQ ID NO: 40, at least 75% amino acid identity with amino acids 92-94 or amino acids 135-137 of SEQ ID NO: 40, at least 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 92-94 or amino acids 135-137 of SEQ ID NO: 40, at least 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 92-94 or amino acids 135-137 of SEQ ID NO: 40, at least 90% amino acid identity with amino acids 92-94 or amino acids 135-137 of SEQ ID NO: 40 or at least 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 92-94 or amino acids 135-137 of SEQ ID NO: 40. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-1 7 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 92-94 or amino acids 135-137 of SEQ ID NO: 40, at most 75% amino acid identity with amino acids 92-94 or amino acids 135-137 of SEQ ID NO: 40, at most 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 92-94 or amino acids 135-137 of SEQ ID NO: 40, at most 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 92-94 or amino acids 135-137 of SEQ ID NO: 40, at most 90% amino acid identity with amino acids 92-94 or amino acids 135-137 of SEQ ID NO: 40 or at most 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 92-94 or amino acids 135-137 of SEQ ID NO: 40.

[0511] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-17 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 92-94 or amino acids 135-137 of SEQ ID
NO: 40. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-17 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 92-94 or amino acids 135-137 of SEQ ID NO: 40. In other aspects of this embodiment, a non-contiguous amino acid substitution of any amino acid from amino acids 92-94 or amino acids 135-137 of SEQ ID NO: 40 can be replaced with glycine. In other aspects of this embodiment, a non-contiguous amino acid substitution of any hydrophobic amino acid from amino acids 92-94 or amino acids 135-137 of SEQ ID NO: 40 can be replaced with phenylalanine. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-17 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 92-94 or amino acids 135-137 of SEQ ID NO: 40. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-1 7 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 92-94 or amino acids 135-137 of SEQ ID NO:
40. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-17 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 92-94 or amino acids 135-137 of SEQ ID NO: 40. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-17 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 92-94 or amino acids 135-137 of SEQ
ID NO: 40.

[0512] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-17 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 92-94 or amino acids 135-137 of SEQ ID NO: 40. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-17 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 92-94 or amino acids 135-137 of SEQ ID NO: 40. In other aspects of this embodiment, contiguous amino acid substitutions of amino acids from amino acids 92-94 or amino acids 135-137 of SEQ ID NO: 40 can be replaced with glycine. In other aspects of this embodiment, contiguous amino acid substitutions of hydrophobic amino acids from amino acids 92-94 or amino acids 135-137 of SEQ
ID NO: 40 can be replaced with phenylalanine. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-1 7 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 92-94 or amino acids 135-137 of SEQ ID NO: 40. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-17 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 92-94 or amino acids 135-137 of SEQ ID NO: 40. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-1 7 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 92-94 or amino acids 135-137 of SEQ ID NO: 40. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-1 7 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 92-94 or amino acids 135-137 of SEQ ID NO:
40.

[0513] In another embodiment, a binding domain comprises a f3-trefoil domain derived a FGF-18 of SEQ
ID NO: 41. In another embodiment, a binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil domain derived from a FGF-18 comprises amino acids 54-183 of SEQ ID NO: 41. In another aspect of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a f3-trefoil domain derived from a FGF-18 comprises an a-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a FGF-1 8, a(3-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a FGF-1 8 or a y-fold motif of a(3-trefoil domain of a FGF-18 of SEQ ID NO: 41. In another aspect of this embodiment, a f3-trefoil domain derived from a FGF-18 comprises amino acids 55-91, amino acids 95-134, or amino acids 138-183 of SEQ ID NO: 41.

[0514] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-18 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 55-91, amino acids 95-134, or amino acids 138-183 of SEQ ID NO: 41, at least 75% amino acid identity with amino acids 55-91, amino acids 95-134, or amino acids 138-183 of SEQ ID NO: 41, at least 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 55-91, amino acids 95-134, or amino acids 138-183 of SEQ ID NO: 41, at least 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 55-91, amino acids 95-134, or amino acids 138-183 of SEQ ID
NO: 41, at least 90% amino acid identity with amino acids 55-91, amino acids 95-134, or amino acids 138-183 of SEQ ID NO: 41 or at least 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 55-91, amino acids 95-134, or amino acids 138-183 of SEQ ID NO: 41. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-18 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 55-91, amino acids 95-134, or amino acids 138-183 of SEQ ID NO: 41, at most 75% amino acid identity with amino acids 55-91, amino acids 95-134, or amino acids 138-183 of SEQ ID NO: 41, at most 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 55-91, amino acids 95-134, or amino acids 138-183 of SEQ ID NO: 41, at most 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 55-91, amino acids 95-134, or amino acids 138-183 of SEQ ID NO: 41, at most 90% amino acid identity with amino acids 55-91, amino acids 95-134, or amino acids 138-183 of SEQ ID NO: 41 or at most 95%
amino acid identity with amino acids 55-91, amino acids 95-134, or amino acids 138-183 of SEQ ID
NO: 41.

[0515] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-18 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 55-91, amino acids 95-134, or amino acids 138-183 of SEQ ID NO: 41. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-18 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 55-91, amino acids 95-134, or amino acids 138-183 of SEQ ID NO: 41. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-18 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 55-91, amino acids 95-134, or amino acids 138-183 of SEQ ID NO:
41. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-18 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 55-91, amino acids 95-134, or amino acids 138-183 of SEQ ID NO:
41. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-18 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 55-91, amino acids 95-134, or amino acids 138-183 of SEQ ID NO: 41. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-18 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 55-91, amino acids 95-134, or amino acids 138-183 of SEQ ID NO: 41.

[0516] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-18 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 55-91, amino acids 95-134, or amino acids 138-183 of SEQ ID NO: 41. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-18 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 55-91, amino acids 95-134, or amino acids 138-183 of SEQ ID NO: 41. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-18 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 55-91, amino acids 95-134, or amino acids 138-183 of SEQ ID NO: 41. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-18 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 55-91, amino acids 95-134, or amino acids 138-183 of SEQ ID NO: 41. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-18 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 55-91, amino acids 95-134, or amino acids 138-183 of SEQ ID NO: 41. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-18 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 55-91, amino acids 95-134, or amino acids 138-183 of SEQ
ID NO:41.

[0517] In another embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-18 f3-trefoil domain comprises a (34/(35 hairpin turn of a(3-trefoil domain of a FGF-18 or a(38/(39 hairpin turn of a(3-trefoil domain of a FGF-18 of SEQ ID NO: 35. In another aspect of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-18 11-trefoil domain comprises amino acids 92-94 or amino acids 135-137 of SEQ ID
NO: 41.

[0518] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-18 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 92-94 or amino acids 135-137 of SEQ ID NO: 41, at least 75% amino acid identity with amino acids 92-94 or amino acids 135-137 of SEQ ID NO: 41, at least 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 92-94 or amino acids 135-137 of SEQ ID NO: 41, at least 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 92-94 or amino acids 135-137 of SEQ ID NO: 41, at least 90% amino acid identity with amino acids 92-94 or amino acids 135-137 of SEQ ID NO: 41 or at least 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 92-94 or amino acids 135-137 of SEQ ID NO: 41. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-18 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 92-94 or amino acids 135-137 of SEQ ID NO: 41, at most 75% amino acid identity with amino acids 92-94 or amino acids 135-137 of SEQ ID NO: 41, at most 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 92-94 or amino acids 135-137 of SEQ ID NO: 41, at most 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 92-94 or amino acids 135-137 of SEQ ID NO: 41, at most 90% amino acid identity with amino acids 92-94 or amino acids 135-137 of SEQ ID NO: 41 or at most 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 92-94 or amino acids 135-137 of SEQ ID NO: 41.

[0519] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-18 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 92-94 or amino acids 135-137 of SEQ ID
NO: 41. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-18 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 92-94 or amino acids 135-137 of SEQ ID NO: 41. In other aspects of this embodiment, a non-contiguous amino acid substitution of any amino acid from amino acids 92-94 or amino acids 135-137 of SEQ ID NO: 41 can be replaced with glycine. In other aspects of this embodiment, a non-contiguous amino acid substitution of any hydrophobic amino acid from amino acids 92-94 or amino acids 135-137 of SEQ ID NO: 41 can be replaced with phenylalanine. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-18 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 92-94 or amino acids 135-137 of SEQ ID NO: 41. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-18 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 92-94 or amino acids 135-137 of SEQ ID NO:
41. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-18 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 92-94 or amino acids 135-137 of SEQ ID NO: 41. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-18 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 92-94 or amino acids 135-137 of SEQ
ID NO:41.

[0520] In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-18 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 92-94 or amino acids 135-137 of SEQ ID NO: 41. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-18 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 92-94 or amino acids 135-137 of SEQ ID NO: 41. In other aspects of this embodiment, contiguous amino acid substitutions of amino acids from amino acids 92-94 or amino acids 135-137 of SEQ ID NO: 41 can be replaced with glycine. In other aspects of this embodiment, contiguous amino acid substitutions of hydrophobic amino acids from amino acids 92-94 or amino acids 135-137 of SEQ
ID NO: 41 can be replaced with phenylalanine. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-18 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 92-94 or amino acids 135-137 of SEQ ID NO: 41. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-18 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 92-94 or amino acids 135-137 of SEQ ID NO: 41. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-18 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 92-94 or amino acids 135-137 of SEQ ID NO: 41. In other aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain comprising a FGF-18 f3-trefoil domain comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three or four contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 92-94 or amino acids 135-137 of SEQ ID NO:
41.

[0521] Because of the modular nature of the (3-trefoil domain, it is envisioned that any combination of a-folds, (3-folds, y-folds, (34/(35 (3-hairpin turns, (38/(39 (3-hairpin turns, or any combination thereof from a(3-trefoil domain of a Clostridial toxin binding domain, a(3-trefoil domain of a NAP or a(3-trefoil domain, a(3-trefoil domain of an FGF ligand, or any combination thereof, can be used to practice aspect of the present invention. As a non-limiting example, a multivalent Clostridial toxin disclosed in the present specification can comprise a binding domain comprising a a-fold from a BoNT/A binding domain, a(3-fold from a FGF-18 and a 2y-fold from a BoNT/A HA-33. As another non-limiting example, a multivalent Clostridial toxin disclosed in the present specification can comprise a binding domain comprising a a-fold from a BoNT/A
HA-17, a(3-fold from a Clostridial botulinum serotype E NTNH and a y-fold from a modified BoNT/C1 binding domain with enhanced binding activity.

[0522] Thus, in an embodiment, a binding domain comprises a glycogen-like peptide. In another embodiment, a binding domain comprises a glycogen-like peptide of SEQ ID NO:
42. In another embodiment, a binding domain is derived from a glycogen-like peptide. In another embodiment, a binding domain is derived from a glycogen-like peptide of SEQ ID NO: 42. In aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain is derived from a glycogen-like peptide comprises a GRPP, a GLP-1, a GLP-2, a glucagon or an oxyntomodulin. In aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain is derived from a glycogen-like peptide comprising amino acids 21-50, amino acids 53-81, amino acids 53-89, amino acids 98-124, or amino acids 146-178 of SEQ ID NO: 42.

[0523] In other aspects of this embodiment, a glycogen-like peptide comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 21-50, amino acids 53-81, amino acids 53-89, amino acids 98-124, or amino acids 146-178 of SEQ ID NO: 42, at least 75%
amino acid identity with amino acids 21-50, amino acids 53-81, amino acids 53-89, amino acids 98-124, or amino acids 146-178 of SEQ ID NO: 42, at least 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 21-50, amino acids 53-81, amino acids 53-89, amino acids 98-124, or amino acids 146-178 of SEQ ID NO: 42, at least 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 21-50, amino acids 53-81, amino acids 53-89, amino acids 98-124, or amino acids 146-178 of SEQ ID NO: 42, at least 90% amino acid identity with amino acids 21-50, amino acids 53-81, amino acids 53-89, amino acids 98-124, or amino acids 146-178 of SEQ ID
NO: 42 or at least 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 21-50, amino acids 53-81, amino acids 53-89, amino acids 98-124, or amino acids 146-178 of SEQ ID NO: 42. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a glycogen-like peptide comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 21-50, amino acids 53-81, amino acids 53-89, amino acids 98-124, or amino acids 146-178 of SEQ ID NO: 42, at most 75% amino acid identity with amino acids 21-50, amino acids 53-81, amino acids 53-89, amino acids 98-124, or amino acids 146-178 of SEQ ID NO: 42, at most 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 21-50, amino acids 53-81, amino acids 53-89, amino acids 98-124, or amino acids 146-178 of SEQ
ID NO: 42, at most 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 21-50, amino acids 53-81, amino acids 53-89, amino acids 98-124, or amino acids 146-178 of SEQ ID NO: 42, at most 90%
amino acid identity with amino acids 21-50, amino acids 53-81, amino acids 53-89, amino acids 98-124, or amino acids 146-178 of SEQ ID NO: 42 or at most 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 21-50, amino acids 53-81, amino acids 53-89, amino acids 98-124, or amino acids 146-178 of SEQ ID NO: 42.

[0524] In other aspects of this embodiment, a glycogen-like peptide comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 21-50, amino acids 53-81, amino acids 53-89, amino acids 98-124, or amino acids 146-178 of SEQ ID NO: 42. In other aspects of this embodiment, a glycogen-like peptide comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 21-50, amino acids 53-81, amino acids 53-89, amino acids 98-124, or amino acids 146-178 of SEQ ID NO: 42. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a glycogen-like peptide comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 21-50, amino acids 53-81, amino acids 53-89, amino acids 98-124, or amino acids 146-178 of SEQ ID NO: 42.
In other aspects of this embodiment, a glycogen-like peptide comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 21-50, amino acids 53-81, amino acids 53-89, amino acids 98-124, or amino acids 146-178 of SEQ ID NO: 42. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a glycogen-like peptide comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 21-50, amino acids 53-81, amino acids 53-89, amino acids 98-124, or amino acids 146-178 of SEQ ID NO: 42. In other aspects of this embodiment, a glycogen-like peptide comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 21-50, amino acids 53-81, amino acids 53-89, amino acids 98-124, or amino acids 146-178 of SEQ ID
NO: 42.

[0525] In other aspects of this embodiment, a glycogen-like peptide comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 21-50, amino acids 53-81, amino acids 53-89, amino acids 98-124, or amino acids 146-178 of SEQ ID NO: 42. In other aspects of this embodiment, a glycogen-like peptide comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 21-50, amino acids 53-81, amino acids 53-89, amino acids 98-124, or amino acids 146-178 of SEQ ID NO: 42. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a glycogen-like peptide comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 21-50, amino acids 53-81, amino acids 53-89, amino acids 98-124, or amino acids 146-178 of SEQ ID
NO: 42. In other aspects of this embodiment, a glycogen-like peptide comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 21-50, amino acids 53-81, amino acids 53-89, amino acids 98-124, or amino acids 146-178 of SEQ
ID NO: 42. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a glycogen-like peptide comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 21-50, amino acids 53-81, amino acids 53-89, amino acids 98-124, or amino acids 146-178 of SEQ ID NO: 42. In other aspects of this embodiment, a glycogen-like peptide comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 21-50, amino acids 53-81, amino acids 53-89, amino acids 98-124, or amino acids 146-178 of SEQ ID NO: 42.

[0526] In an embodiment, a binding domain comprises a PACAP. In another embodiment, a binding domain comprises a PACAP of SEQ ID NO: 43. In another embodiment, a binding domain is derived from a PACAP. In another embodiment, a binding domain is derived from a PACAP
of SEQ ID NO: 43.
In an aspect of this embodiment, a binding domain is derived from a PACAP
comprising amino acids 132-158 of SEQ ID NO: 43.

[0527] In other aspects of this embodiment, a PACAP comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 132-158 of SEQ ID NO: 43, at least 75% amino acid identity with amino acids 132-158 of SEQ ID NO: 43, at least 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 132-158 of SEQ ID NO: 43, at least 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 132-158 of SEQ ID NO: 43, at least 90% amino acid identity with amino acids 132-158 of SEQ ID NO: 43 or at least 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 132-158 of SEQ ID NO: 43. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a PACAP
comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 132-158 of SEQ
ID NO: 43, at most 75% amino acid identity with amino acids 132-158 of SEQ ID
NO: 43, at most 80%
amino acid identity with amino acids 132-158 of SEQ ID NO: 43, at most 85%
amino acid identity with amino acids 132-158 of SEQ ID NO: 43, at most 90% amino acid identity with amino acids 132-158 of SEQ ID NO: 43 or at most 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 132-158 of SEQ ID NO: 43.

[0528] In other aspects of this embodiment, a PACAP comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 132-158 of SEQ ID NO: 43. In other aspects of this embodiment, a PACAP
comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 132-158 of SEQ
ID NO: 43. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a PACAP comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 132-158 of SEQ ID NO: 43. In other aspects of this embodiment, a PACAP
comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 132-158 of SEQ ID NO: 43. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a PACAP comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 132-158 of SEQ
ID NO: 43. In other aspects of this embodiment, a PACAP comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 132-158 of SEQ ID NO: 43.

[0529] In other aspects of this embodiment, a PACAP comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 132-158 of SEQ ID NO: 43. In other aspects of this embodiment, a PACAP comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 132-158 of SEQ ID NO: 43. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a PACAP comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 132-158 of SEQ ID
NO: 43. In other aspects of this embodiment, a PACAP comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 132-158 of SEQ ID NO: 43. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a PACAP comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 132-158 of SEQ ID NO: 43. In other aspects of this embodiment, a PACAP comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 132-158 of SEQ ID
NO: 43.

[0530] In an embodiment, a binding domain comprises a GHRH. In another embodiment, a binding domain comprises a GHRH of SEQ ID NO: 44. In another embodiment, a binding domain is derived from a GHRH. In another embodiment, a binding domain is derived from a GHRH of SEQ
ID NO: 44. In aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain is derived from a GHRH comprising amino acids 32-58 or amino acids 32-75 of SEQ ID NO: 44.

[0531] In other aspects of this embodiment, a GHRH comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least 70%
amino acid identity with amino acids 32-58 or amino acids 32-75 of SEQ ID NO:
44, at least 75% amino acid identity with amino acids 32-58 or amino acids 32-75 of SEQ ID NO: 44, at least 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 32-58 or amino acids 32-75 of SEQ ID NO: 44, at least 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 32-58 or amino acids 32-75 of SEQ ID NO: 44, at least 90%
amino acid identity with amino acids 32-58 or amino acids 32-75 of SEQ ID NO: 44 or at least 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 32-58 or amino acids 32-75 of SEQ ID NO: 44. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a GHRH
comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 32-58 or amino acids 32-75 of SEQ ID NO: 44, at most 75% amino acid identity with amino acids 32-58 or amino acids 32-75 of SEQ ID NO: 44, at most 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 32-58 or amino acids 32-75 of SEQ ID NO: 44, at most 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 32-58 or amino acids 32-75 of SEQ ID
NO: 44, at most 90% amino acid identity with amino acids 32-58 or amino acids 32-75 of SEQ ID NO: 44 or at most 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 32-58 or amino acids 32-75 of SEQ ID NO: 44.

[0532] In other aspects of this embodiment, a GHRH comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 32-58 or amino acids 32-75 of SEQ ID NO: 44. In other aspects of this embodiment, a GHRH comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 32-58 or amino acids 32-75 of SEQ
ID NO: 44. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a GHRH comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 32-58 or amino acids 32-75 of SEQ ID NO: 44. In other aspects of this embodiment, a GHRH comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 32-58 or amino acids 32-75 of SEQ ID NO: 44. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a GHRH
comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 32-58 or amino acids 32-75 of SEQ ID
NO: 44. In other aspects of this embodiment, a GHRH comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 32-58 or amino acids 32-75 of SEQ ID NO: 44.

[0533] In other aspects of this embodiment, a GHRH comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 32-58 or amino acids 32-75 of SEQ ID NO: 44. In other aspects of this embodiment, a GHRH comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 32-58 or amino acids 32-75 of SEQ ID
NO: 44. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a GHRH comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 32-58 or amino acids 32-75 of SEQ ID NO: 44. In other aspects of this embodiment, a GHRH comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 32-58 or amino acids 32-75 of SEQ ID NO:

44. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a GHRH comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 32-58 or amino acids 32-75 of SEQ ID NO: 44. In other aspects of this embodiment, a GHRH
comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 32-58 or amino acids 32-75 of SEQ ID NO: 44.

[0534] In an embodiment, a binding domain comprises a VIP1. In another embodiment, a binding domain comprises a VIP1 of SEQ ID NO: 45. In another embodiment, a binding domain is derived from a VIP1. In another embodiment, a binding domain is derived from a VIP1 of SEQ ID
NO: 45. In aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain is derived from a VIP1 comprising amino acids 81-107 or amino acids 125-151 of SEQ ID NO: 45.

[0535] In other aspects of this embodiment, a VIP1 comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least 70%
amino acid identity with amino acids 81-107 or amino acids 125-151 of SEQ ID
NO: 45, at least 75%
amino acid identity with amino acids 81-107 or amino acids 125-151 of SEQ ID
NO: 45, at least 80%
amino acid identity with amino acids 81-107 or amino acids 125-151 of SEQ ID
NO: 45, at least 85%
amino acid identity with amino acids 81-107 or amino acids 125-151 of SEQ ID
NO: 45, at least 90%
amino acid identity with amino acids 81-107 or amino acids 125-151 of SEQ ID
NO: 45 or at least 95%
amino acid identity with amino acids 81-107 or amino acids 125-151 of SEQ ID
NO: 45. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a VIP1 comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 81-107 or amino acids 125-151 of SEQ ID NO: 45, at most 75% amino acid identity with amino acids 81-107 or amino acids 125-151 of SEQ ID NO: 45, at most 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 81-107 or amino acids 125-151 of SEQ ID NO: 45, at most 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 81-107 or amino acids 125-151 of SEQ ID NO: 45, at most 90% amino acid identity with amino acids 81-107 or amino acids 125-151 of SEQ ID NO: 45 or at most 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 81-107 or amino acids 125-151 of SEQ ID NO: 45.

[0536] In other aspects of this embodiment, a VIP1 comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 81-107 or amino acids 125-151 of SEQ ID NO: 45. In other aspects of this embodiment, a VIP1 comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 81-107 or amino acids 125-151 of SEQ ID NO: 45. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a VIP1 comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 81-107 or amino acids 125-151 of SEQ ID NO: 45. In other aspects of this embodiment, a VIP1 comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 81-107 or amino acids 125-151 of SEQ ID NO: 45. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a VIP1 comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 81-107 or amino acids 125-151 of SEQ ID
NO: 45. In other aspects of this embodiment, a VIP1 comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 81-107 or amino acids 125-151 of SEQ ID NO: 45.

[0537] In other aspects of this embodiment, a VIP1 comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 81-107 or amino acids 125-151 of SEQ ID NO: 45. In other aspects of this embodiment, a VIP1 comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 81-107 or amino acids 125-151 of SEQ
ID NO: 45. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a VIP1 comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 81-107 or amino acids 125-151 of SEQ ID NO: 45. In other aspects of this embodiment, a VIP1 comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 81-107 or amino acids 125-151 of SEQ ID
NO: 45. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a VIP1 comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 81-107 or amino acids 125-151 of SEQ ID NO: 45. In other aspects of this embodiment, a VIP1 comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 81-107 or amino acids 125-151 of SEQ ID
NO: 45.

[0538] In an embodiment, a binding domain comprises a VIP2. In another embodiment, a binding domain comprises a VIP2 of SEQ ID NO: 46. In another embodiment, a binding domain is derived from a VIP2. In another embodiment, a binding domain is derived from a VIP2 of SEQ ID
NO: 46. In aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain is derived from a VIP2 comprising amino acids 81-107 or amino acids 124-150 of SEQ ID NO: 46.

[0539] In other aspects of this embodiment, a VIP2 comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least 70%
amino acid identity with amino acids 81-107 or amino acids 124-150 of SEQ ID
NO: 46, at least 75%
amino acid identity with amino acids 81-107 or amino acids 124-150 of SEQ ID
NO: 46, at least 80%
amino acid identity with amino acids 81-107 or amino acids 124-150 of SEQ ID
NO: 46, at least 85%
amino acid identity with amino acids 81-107 or amino acids 124-150 of SEQ ID
NO: 46, at least 90%
amino acid identity with amino acids 81-107 or amino acids 124-150 of SEQ ID
NO: 46 or at least 95%
amino acid identity with amino acids 81-107 or amino acids 124-150 of SEQ ID
NO: 46. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a VIP2 comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 81-107 or amino acids 124-150 of SEQ ID NO: 46, at most 75% amino acid identity with amino acids 81-107 or amino acids 124-150 of SEQ ID NO: 46, at most 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 81-107 or amino acids 124-150 of SEQ ID NO: 46, at most 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 81-107 or amino acids 124-150 of SEQ ID NO: 46, at most 90% amino acid identity with amino acids 81-107 or amino acids 124-150 of SEQ ID NO: 46 or at most 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 81-107 or amino acids 124-150 of SEQ ID NO: 46.

[0540] In other aspects of this embodiment, a VIP2 comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 81-107 or amino acids 124-150 of SEQ ID NO: 46. In other aspects of this embodiment, a VIP2 comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 81-107 or amino acids 124-150 of SEQ ID NO: 46. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a VIP2 comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 81-107 or amino acids 124-150 of SEQ ID NO: 46. In other aspects of this embodiment, a VIP2 comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 81-107 or amino acids 124-150 of SEQ ID NO: 46. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a VIP2 comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 81-107 or amino acids 124-150 of SEQ ID
NO: 46. In other aspects of this embodiment, a VIP2 comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 81-107 or amino acids 124-150 of SEQ ID NO: 46.

[0541] In other aspects of this embodiment, a VIP2 comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 81-107 or amino acids 124-150 of SEQ ID NO: 46. In other aspects of this embodiment, a VIP2 comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 81-107 or amino acids 124-150 of SEQ
ID NO: 46. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a VIP2 comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 81-107 or amino acids 124-150 of SEQ ID NO: 46. In other aspects of this embodiment, a VIP2 comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 81-107 or amino acids 124-150 of SEQ ID
NO: 46. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a VIP2 comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 81-107 or amino acids 124-150 of SEQ ID NO: 46. In other aspects of this embodiment, a VIP2 comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 81-107 or amino acids 124-150 of SEQ ID
NO: 46.

[0542] In an embodiment, a binding domain comprises a GIP. In another embodiment, a binding domain comprises a GIP of SEQ ID NO: 47. In another embodiment, a binding domain is derived from a GIP. In another embodiment, a binding domain is derived from a GIP of SEQ ID NO: 47.
In aspects of this embodiment, a binding domain is derived from a GIP comprising amino acids 52-78 or amino acids 52-93 of SEQ ID NO: 47.

[0543] In other aspects of this embodiment, a GIP comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least 70%
amino acid identity with amino acids 52-78 or amino acids 52-93 of SEQ ID NO:
47, at least 75% amino acid identity with amino acids 52-78 or amino acids 52-93 of SEQ ID NO: 47, at least 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 52-78 or amino acids 52-93 of SEQ ID NO: 47, at least 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 52-78 or amino acids 52-93 of SEQ ID NO: 47, at least 90%
amino acid identity with amino acids 52-78 or amino acids 52-93 of SEQ ID NO: 47 or at least 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 52-78 or amino acids 52-93 of SEQ ID NO: 47. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a GIP
comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 52-78 or amino acids 52-93 of SEQ ID NO: 47, at most 75% amino acid identity with amino acids 52-78 or amino acids 52-93 of SEQ ID NO: 47, at most 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 52-78 or amino acids 52-93 of SEQ ID NO: 47, at most 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 52-78 or amino acids 52-93 of SEQ ID
NO: 47, at most 90% amino acid identity with amino acids 52-78 or amino acids 52-93 of SEQ ID NO: 47 or at most 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 52-78 or amino acids 52-93 of SEQ ID NO: 47.

[0544] In other aspects of this embodiment, a GIP comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 52-78 or amino acids 52-93 of SEQ ID NO: 47. In other aspects of this embodiment, a GIP
comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 52-78 or amino acids 52-93 of SEQ ID
NO: 47. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a GIP comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 52-78 or amino acids 52-93 of SEQ ID NO: 47. In other aspects of this embodiment, a GIP
comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 52-78 or amino acids 52-93 of SEQ ID NO:
47. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a GIP comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 52-78 or amino acids 52-93 of SEQ ID NO: 47. In other aspects of this embodiment, a GIP
comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 52-78 or amino acids 52-93 of SEQ ID NO:
47.

[0545] In other aspects of this embodiment, a GIP comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 52-78 or amino acids 52-93 of SEQ ID NO: 47. In other aspects of this embodiment, a GIP
comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 52-78 or amino acids 52-93 of SEQ ID NO:
47. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a GIP comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 52-78 or amino acids 52-93 of SEQ ID NO: 47. In other aspects of this embodiment, a GIP
comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 52-78 or amino acids 52-93 of SEQ ID NO: 47.

In still other aspects of this embodiment, a GIP comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 52-78 or amino acids 52-93 of SEQ ID NO: 47. In other aspects of this embodiment, a GIP comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 52-78 or amino acids 52-93 of SEQ
ID NO: 47.

[0546] In an embodiment, a binding domain comprises a Secretin. In another embodiment, a binding domain comprises a Secretin of SEQ ID NO: 48. In another embodiment, a binding domain is derived from a Secretin. In another embodiment, a binding domain is derived from a Secretin of SEQ ID NO: 48.
In an aspect of this embodiment, a binding domain is derived from a Secretin comprising amino acids 28-54 of SEQ ID NO: 48.

[0547] In other aspects of this embodiment, a Secretin comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 28-54 of SEQ ID NO: 48, at least 75%
amino acid identity with amino acids 28-54 of SEQ ID NO: 48, at least 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 28-54 of SEQ ID
NO: 48, at least 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 28-54 of SEQ ID NO:
48, at least 90% amino acid identity with amino acids 28-54 of SEQ ID NO: 48 or at least 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 28-54 of SEQ ID NO: 48. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a Secretin comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most 70% amino acid identity with amino acids 28-54 of SEQ ID NO: 48, at most 75% amino acid identity with amino acids 28-54 of SEQ ID NO: 48, at most 80% amino acid identity with amino acids 28-54 of SEQ ID NO: 48, at most 85% amino acid identity with amino acids 28-54 of SEQ ID NO: 48, at most 90% amino acid identity with amino acids 28-54 of SEQ
ID NO: 48 or at most 95% amino acid identity with amino acids 28-54 of SEQ ID NO: 48.

[0548] In other aspects of this embodiment, a Secretin comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 28-54 of SEQ ID NO: 48. In other aspects of this embodiment, a Secretin comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid substitutions relative to amino acids 28-54 of SEQ
ID NO: 48. In yet other aspects of this embodiment, a Secretin comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 28-54 of SEQ ID NO: 48. In other aspects of this embodiment, a Secretin comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid deletions relative to amino acids 28-54 of SEQ ID NO: 48. In still other aspects of this embodiment, a Secretin comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at most one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, or 20 non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 28-54 of SEQ
ID NO: 48. In other aspects of this embodiment, a Secretin comprises a polypeptide having, e.g., at least one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10 or 20 non-contiguous amino acid additions relative to amino acids 28-54 of SEQ ID NO: 48.

DEMANDE OU BREVET VOLUMINEUX

LA PRESENTE PARTIE DE CETTE DEMANDE OU CE BREVET COMPREND
PLUS D'UN TOME.

NOTE : Pour les tomes additionels, veuillez contacter le Bureau canadien des brevets JUMBO APPLICATIONS/PATENTS

THIS SECTION OF THE APPLICATION/PATENT CONTAINS MORE THAN ONE
VOLUME

NOTE: For additional volumes, please contact the Canadian Patent Office NOM DU FICHIER / FILE NAME:

NOTE POUR LE TOME / VOLUME NOTE:

Claims (35)

1. A multivalent Clostridial toxin comprising:

a) a Clostridial toxin enzymatic domain capable of executing an enzymatic target modification step of a Clostridial toxin intoxication process;

b) a Clostridial toxin translocation domain capable of executing a translocation step of a Clostridial toxin intoxication process;

c) a first binding domain capable of executing a cell binding step of a Clostridial toxin intoxication process by selectively binding a first cell surface receptor displayed by the target cell; and d) a second binding domain capable of executing a cell binding step of a Clostridial toxin intoxication process by selectively binding a second cell surface receptor displayed by the target cell; and e) a protease cleavage site, wherein cleavage of the protease cleavage site converts the single-chain form of the modified Clostridial toxin into the di-chain form.

2. The multivalent Clostridial toxin according to Claim 1, wherein the multivalent Clostridial toxin comprises amino to carboxyl linear organization comprising a binding domain 1, a translocation domain, a binding domain 2, a protease cleavage site and an enzymatic domain.

3. The multivalent Clostridial toxin according to Claim 1, wherein the multivalent Clostridial toxin comprises an amino to carboxyl linear organization comprising an enzymatic domain, a protease cleavage site, a binding domain 1, a translocation domain and a binding domain

4. The multivalent Clostridial toxin according to Claim 1, wherein the multivalent Clostridial toxin comprises an amino to carboxyl linear organization comprising an enzymatic domain, a protease cleavage site, a translocation domain, a binding domain 1 and a binding domain

5. The multivalent Clostridial toxin according to Claim 1, wherein the multivalent Clostridial toxin comprises an amino to carboxyl linear organization comprising an enzymatic domain, a protease cleavage site, a translocation domain, a binding domain 2 and a binding domain

6. The multivalent Clostridial toxin according to Claim 1, wherein the multivalent Clostridial toxin comprises an amino to carboxyl linear organization comprising a binding domain 1, an enzymatic domain, a protease cleavage site, a translocation domain and a binding domain

7. The multivalent Clostridial toxin according to Claim 1, wherein the multivalent Clostridial toxin comprises amino to carboxyl linear organization comprising a translocation domain, a binding domain 2, a protease cleavage site, a binding domain 1 and an enzymatic domain

8. The multivalent Clostridial toxin according to Claim 1, wherein the multivalent Clostridial toxin comprises an amino to carboxyl linear organization comprising a translocation domain, a binding domain 2, a protease cleavage site, an enzymatic domain and a binding domain 1

9. The multivalent Clostridial toxin according to Claim 1, wherein the multivalent Clostridial toxin comprises an amino to carboxyl linear organization comprising a binding domain 2, a translocation domain, a protease cleavage site, a binding domain 1 and an enzymatic domain

10. The multivalent Clostridial toxin according to Claim 1, wherein the protease cleavage site is an endogenous protease cleavage site or an exogenous protease cleavage site.

11. The multivalent Clostridial toxin according to Claim 10, wherein the endogenous protease cleavage site is selected from the group consisting of a BoNT/A di-chain loop protease cleavage site, a BoNT/B
di-chain loop protease cleavage site, a BoNT/Cl di-chain loop protease cleavage site, a BoNT/D di-chain loop protease cleavage site, a BoNT/E di-chain loop protease cleavage site, a BoNT/F di-chain loop protease cleavage site, a BoNT/G di-chain loop protease cleavage site and a TeNT di-chain loop protease cleavage site.

12. The multivalent Clostridial toxin according to Claim 10, wherein the exogenous protease cleavage site is selected from the group consisting of a bovine enterokinase protease cleavage site, a Tobacco Etch Virus protease cleavage site, a Human Rhinovirus 3C protease cleavage site, a SUMO/ULP-1 protease cleavage site, a Thrombin protease cleavage site, and a Factor Xa protease cleavage site.

13. A multivalent Clostridial toxin comprising:

a) a Clostridial toxin enzymatic domain capable of executing an enzymatic target modification step of a Clostridial toxin intoxication process;

b) a Clostridial toxin translocation domain capable of executing a translocation step of a Clostridial toxin intoxication process;

c) a first binding domain capable of executing a cell binding step of a Clostridial toxin intoxication process by selectively binding a first cell surface receptor displayed by the target cell;

d) a second binding domain capable of executing a cell binding step of a Clostridial toxin intoxication process by selectively binding a second cell surface receptor displayed by the target cell;

e) a first protease cleavage site, wherein cleavage of the first protease cleavage site converts the single-chain form of the modified Clostridial toxin into the di-chain form;
and f) a second protease cleavage site; wherein cleavage of the second protease causes a structural confirmation in the first and second binding domains which facilitates the selectively binding activity of the first binding domain, the second binding domain, or both the first and second binding domains.

14. The multivalent Clostridial toxin according to Claim 13, wherein the multivalent Clostridial toxin comprises an amino to carboxyl linear organization comprising an enzymatic domain, a first protease cleavage site, a translocation domain, a binding domain 1, a second protease cleavage site and a binding domain 2

15. The multivalent Clostridial toxin according to Claim 13, wherein the multivalent Clostridial toxin comprises an amino to carboxyl linear organization comprising an enzymatic domain, a first protease cleavage site, a translocation domain, a binding domain 2, a second protease cleavage site and a binding domain 1

16. The modified Clostridial toxin according to Claim 13, wherein the first protease cleavage site is an endogenous protease cleavage site or an exogenous protease cleavage site.

17. The multivalent Clostridial toxin according to Claim 16, wherein the endogenous protease cleavage site is selected from the group consisting of a BoNT/A di-chain loop protease cleavage site, a BoNT/B
di-chain loop protease cleavage site, a BoNT/C1 di-chain loop protease cleavage site, a BoNT/D di-chain loop protease cleavage site, a BoNT/E di-chain loop protease cleavage site, a BoNT/F di-chain loop protease cleavage site, a BoNT/G di-chain loop protease cleavage site and a TeNT di-chain loop protease cleavage site.

18. The multivalent Clostridial toxin according to Claim 16, wherein the exogenous protease cleavage site is selected from the group consisting of a bovine enterokinase protease cleavage site, a Tobacco Etch Virus protease cleavage site, a Human Rhinovirus 3C protease cleavage site, a SUMO/ULP-1 protease cleavage site, a Thrombin protease cleavage site, and a Factor Xa protease cleavage site.

19. The modified Clostridial toxin according to Claim 13, wherein the second protease cleavage site is an endogenous protease cleavage site or an exogenous protease cleavage site.

20. The multivalent Clostridial toxin according to Claim 19, wherein the endogenous protease cleavage site is selected from the group consisting of a BoNT/A di-chain loop protease cleavage site, a BoNT/B
di-chain loop protease cleavage site, a BoNT/Cl di-chain loop protease cleavage site, a BoNT/D di-chain loop protease cleavage site, a BoNT/E di-chain loop protease cleavage site, a BoNT/F di-chain loop protease cleavage site, a BoNT/G di-chain loop protease cleavage site and a TeNT di-chain loop protease cleavage site.

21. The multivalent Clostridial toxin according to Claim 19, wherein the exogenous protease cleavage site is selected from the group consisting of a bovine enterokinase protease cleavage site, a Tobacco Etch Virus protease cleavage site, a Human Rhinovirus 3C protease cleavage site, a SUMO/ULP-1 protease cleavage site, a Thrombin protease cleavage site, and a Factor Xa protease cleavage site.

22. The multivalent Clostridial toxin according to either Claim 1 or Claim 13, wherein the Clostridial toxin enzymatic domain is selected from the group consisting of a BoNT/A enzymatic domain, a BoNT/B
enzymatic domain, a BoNT/Cl enzymatic domain, a BoNT/D enzymatic domain, a BoNT/E enzymatic domain, a BoNT/F enzymatic domain, a BoNT/G enzymatic domain, a TeNT enzymatic domain, a BaNT enzymatic domain and a BuNT enzymatic domain.

23. The multivalent Clostridial toxin according either Claim 1 or Claim 13, wherein the Clostridial toxin translocation domain is selected from the group consisting of a BoNT/A
translocation domain, a BoNT/B translocation domain, a BoNT/Cl translocation domain, a BoNT/D
translocation domain, a BoNT/E translocation domain, a BoNT/F translocation domain, a BoNT/G
translocation domain, a TeNT translocation domain, a BaNT translocation domain and a BuNT
translocation domain.

24. The multivalent Clostridial toxin according either Claim 1 or Claim 13, wherein the first binding domain comprises a binding domain selected from the group consisting of a Clostridial toxin binding domain, a Clostridial non-toxin associated protein P-trefoil domain and an FGF
P-trefoil domain.

25. The multivalent Clostridial toxin according to Claim 24, wherein the Clostridial toxin binding domain is selected from the group consisting of a BoNT/A binding domain, a BoNT/B
binding domain, a BoNT/Cl binding domain, a BoNT/D binding domain, a BoNT/E binding domain, a BoNT/F binding domain, a BoNT/G binding domain, a TeNT binding domain, a BaNT binding domain, and a BuNT
binding domain.

26. The multivalent Clostridial toxin according to Claim 24, wherein the Clostridial non-toxin associated protein P-trefoil domain is selected from the group consisting of a BoNT/A HA-33 P-trefoil domain, a BoNT/B HA-33 P-trefoil domain, a BoNT/Cl HA-33 P-trefoil domain, a BoNT/D HA-33 P-trefoil domain, a BoNT/A HA-17 P-trefoil domain, a BoNT/B HA-17 P-trefoil domain, a BoNT/Cl HA-17 P-trefoil domain, a BoNT/D HA-17 P-trefoil domain, a BoNT/A NTNH P-trefoil domain, a BoNT/B NTNH
P-trefoil domain, a BoNT/Cl NTNH P-trefoil domain, a BoNT/D NTNH P-trefoil domain, a BoNT/E
NTNH P-trefoil domain, a BoNT/F NTNH P-trefoil domain, AND a BoNT/G NTNH P-trefoil domain.

27. The multivalent Clostridial toxin according to Claim 24, wherein the FGF P-trefoil domain is selected from the group consisting of a FGF-1 P-trefoil domain, a FGF-2 P-trefoil domain, a FGF-4 P-trefoil domain, a FGF-8 .beta.-trefoil domain, a FGF-9 .beta.-trefoil domain, a FGF-17 .beta.-trefoil domain and a FGF-18 .beta.-trefoil domain.

28. The multivalent Clostridial toxin according either Claim 1 or Claim 13, wherein the first binding domain comprises a binding domain selected from the group consisting of a glucagon like hormone, a neurohormone, a neuroregulatory cytokine, a neurotrophin, a growth factor, and an axon guidance signaling molecule.

29. The multivalent Clostridial toxin according to Claim 28, wherein the glucagon like hormone is selected from the group consisting of secretin, Ghrelin (GHS), glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), glucagon-like peptide-2 (GLP-2), pituitary adenylate cyclase activating peptide (PACAP), glicentin, glicentin-related polypeptide (GRPP), oxyntomodulin (OXY), vasoactive intestinal peptide-1 (VIP-1), vasoactive intestinal peptide-2 (VIP-2), gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP), and a calcitonin-related peptidesvisceral gut peptide.

30. The multivalent Clostridial toxin according to Claim 28, wherein the neurohormone is selected from the group consisting of corticotropin-releasing hormone (CCRH) and parathyroid hormone (PTH).

31. The multivalent Clostridial toxin according to Claim 28, wherein the neuroregulatory cytokine is selected from the group consisting of ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF), glycophorin-A (GPA), leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF), an interleukin (IL), onostatin M (OSM), cardiotrophin-1 (CT-1), cardiotrophin-like cytokine (CLC), neuroleukin (NL), VEGF, insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), insulin-like growth factor-2 (IGF-2) and epidermal growth factor (EGF).

32. The multivalent Clostridial toxin according to Claim 28, wherein the neurotrophin is selected from the group consisting of nerve growth factor (NGF), brain-derived growth factor (BDNF), neurotrophin-3 (NT-3) and neurotrophin-4/5 (NT-4/5).

33. The multivalent Clostridial toxin according to Claim 28, wherein the growth factor is selected from the group consisting of glial cell derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), neurturin (NRTN), persephrin (PSPN), artemin (ARTN), TGF.beta.1, TGF.beta.2, TGF.beta.3, TGF.beta.4, BMP2, BMP3, BMP4, BMP5, BMP6, BMP7, BMP8, BMP10, GDF1, GDF2, GDF3, GDF5, GDF6, GDF7, GDF8, GDF10, GDF11, GDF15, activin A, activin B, activin C, activin E and inhibin A.

34. The multivalent Clostridial toxin according either Claim 1 or Claim 13, wherein the first binding domain comprises a binding domain selected from the group consisting of an opioid peptide, a melanocortin peptide, a galanin peptide, a granin peptide, a tachykinin peptide, a cholecystokinin peptide, a Neuropeptide Y related peptide, a kinin peptide, a protease activated receptor (PAR) peptide, a somatostatin peptide, a leukemia inhibitor factor peptide, and an interleukin-1 peptide.

35. The multivalent Clostridial toxin according to Claim 34, wherein the opioid peptide is selected from the group consisting of an enkephalin peptide, a BAM22 peptide, an endomorphin peptide, an endorphin peptide, a dynorphin peptide, a nociceptin peptide and a hemorphin peptide.

38. The multivalent Clostridial toxin according to Claim 34, wherein the melanocortin peptide is selected from the group consisting of an .alpha.-melanocyte stimulating hormones (.alpha.-MSH), a .beta.-melanocyte stimulating hormones (.beta.-MSH), a .gamma.-melanocyte stimulating hormones (.gamma.-MSH), an adrenocorticotropin (ACTH), a Corticotropin-like intermediary peptide (CLIP), a .beta.-lipotropin (.beta.-LPH) and a .gamma.-lipotropin (.gamma.-LPH).

39. The multivalent Clostridial toxin according to Claim 34, wherein the galanin peptide is selected from the group consisting of a galanin and a galanin message-associated peptide (GMAP).

40. The multivalent Clostridial toxin according to Claim 34, wherein the grainin peptide is selected from the group consisting of a chromogranin A peptide, a chromogranin B peptide and a chromogranin C
peptide.

41. The multivalent Clostridial toxin according to Claim 40, wherein the chromogranin A peptide is selected from the group consisting of a .beta.-granin, a vasostatin, a chromostatin, a pancreastatin, a WE-14, a catestatin, a parastatin and a GE-25.

42. The multivalent Clostridial toxin according to Claim 40, wherein the chromogranin B peptide is selected from the group consisting of a GAWK peptide, an adrenomedullary peptide and a secretolytin.

43. The multivalent Clostridial toxin according to Claim 40, wherein the chromogranin C peptide is selected from the group consisting of a secretoneurin, a EM66 and a manserin.

44. The multivalent Clostridial toxin according to Claim 34, wherein the tachykinin peptide is selected from the group consisting of a Substance P, a neuropeptide K (NPK), a neuropeptide gamma, a neurokinin A, a neurokinin B, a hemokinin and a endokinin.

45. The multivalent Clostridial toxin according to Claim 34, wherein the cholecystokinin peptide is selected from the group consisting of a cholecystokinin 58, a cholecystokinin 39, a cholecystokinin 33, a cholecystokinin 12 and a cholecystokinin 8.

46. The multivalent Clostridial toxin according to Claim 34, wherein the Neuropeptide Y related peptide is selected from the group consisting of a Neuropeptide Y (NPY), a Peptide YY
(PYY), a Pancreatic peptide (PP) and a Pancreatic icosapeptide (PIP).

47. The multivalent Clostridial toxin according to Claim 34, wherein the kinin peptide is selected from the group consisting of a bradykinin, a kallidin, a desArg9 bradykinin and a desArg10 bradykinin.

48. The multivalent Clostridial toxin according to Claim 34, wherein the PAR
peptide is selected from the group consisting of a PAR1 peptide, a PAR2 peptide, a PAR3 peptide and a PAR4 peptide.

49. The multivalent Clostridial toxin according either Claim 1 or Claim 13, wherein the first binding domain comprises a binding domain selected from the group consisting of a PTD.

50. The multivalent Clostridial toxin according to Claim 49, wherein the PTD
is selected from the group consisting of a herpes simplex virus type 1 VP22 protein translocating sequence, a SV-40 virus large T translocating sequence, a TAT translocating sequence, an adenovirus translocating sequence, a synthetic integrin binding domain translocating sequence, a Kaposi fibroblast growth factor membrane translocating sequence, a nuclear localization signal, a Transportan translocating sequence, a ciliary neurotrophic factor translocating sequence, a caveolin, an interleukin 1-.beta.
translocating sequence, a thioredoxin translocating sequence, a fibroblast growth factor-1 translocating sequence, a fibroblast growth factor-2 translocating sequence, an integrin .beta.1 translocating sequence, an integrin .beta.3 translocating sequence, a lactoferrin translocating sequence, a homeodomain translocating sequence, like, a penetratin translocating sequence, an Engrailed-1 translocating sequence, an Engrailed-2 translocating sequence, a Hoxa-5 translocating sequence, a Hoxb-4 translocating sequence, and a Hoxc-8 translocating sequence.

51. A polynucleotide molecule encoding a multivalent Clostridial toxin according to any one of Claims 1-50.

52. The polynucleotide molecule according to Claims 51, wherein the polynucleotide molecule is an expression construct.

53. A method of producing a multivalent Clostridial toxin comprising the step of expressing in a cell a polynucleotide according to Claim 52 54. A method of producing a multivalent Clostridial toxin comprising the steps of a) introducing in a cell an expression construct comprising a polynucleotide according to Claim 52;
and b) expressing the expression construct in the cell.