CN100362870C - 切换信息广播于无线局域网络的方法及系统 - Google Patents

切换信息广播于无线局域网络的方法及系统 Download PDF

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CN100362870C
CN100362870C CNB038235412A CN03823541A CN100362870C CN 100362870 C CN100362870 C CN 100362870C CN B038235412 A CNB038235412 A CN B038235412A CN 03823541 A CN03823541 A CN 03823541A CN 100362870 C CN100362870 C CN 100362870C
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CN1689350A (zh
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T·亨克勒
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W48/00—Access restriction; Network selection; Access point selection
    • H04W48/08—Access restriction or access information delivery, e.g. discovery data delivery
    • H04W48/10—Access restriction or access information delivery, e.g. discovery data delivery using broadcasted information
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements
    • H04W36/0005—Control or signalling for completing the hand-off
    • H04W36/0011—Control or signalling for completing the hand-off for data sessions of end-to-end connection
    • H04W36/0016—Hand-off preparation specially adapted for end-to-end data sessions
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W40/00—Communication routing or communication path finding
    • H04W40/24—Connectivity information management, e.g. connectivity discovery or connectivity update
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W48/00—Access restriction; Network selection; Access point selection
    • H04W48/18—Selecting a network or a communication service
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W76/00—Connection management
    • H04W76/40—Connection management for selective distribution or broadcast
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements
    • H04W36/0005—Control or signalling for completing the hand-off
    • H04W36/0055—Transmission or use of information for re-establishing the radio link
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W84/00—Network topologies
    • H04W84/02—Hierarchically pre-organised networks, e.g. paging networks, cellular networks, WLAN [Wireless Local Area Network] or WLL [Wireless Local Loop]
    • H04W84/10—Small scale networks; Flat hierarchical networks
    • H04W84/12—WLAN [Wireless Local Area Networks]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W88/00—Devices specially adapted for wireless communication networks, e.g. terminals, base stations or access point devices
    • H04W88/08—Access point devices

Abstract

一种方法及一系统，其中的切换信息在一无线局域网络广播。切换信息是在一信标帧中广播，因而使操作在无线局域网络的WTRUs可切换至一所欲的可用备选系统。WTRUs可读取信标帧并获得适当信息，以切换至具有与无线局域网络涵盖区重叠的涵盖区的备选系统。该备选系统可为任何型式的无线系统，该无线局域网络可为任何型式的无线局域网络。

Description

切换信息广播于无线局域网络的方法及系统
技术领域
本发明关于广播切换或在无线局域网络中漫游的信息。本发明特别关于在无线局域网络中提供切换信息，使用户可自无线局域网络切换至另一无线系统，该无线系统地理涵盖区与无线局域网络重叠。
背景技术
在无线局域网络中(WLAN)，服务一特殊小区的一存取点(AP)或基站(BS)定期广播信标信号(即，每100ms)。一主动WTRU扫描该信标信号及将其与具有最强信标AP相关。一传统信标包含对应AP的信息，如时间标记，信标间隔，能力，延伸服务台(ESS)识别(ID)，交通指示图(TIM)。该WTRU利用传统信标以区别不同的APs。该WTRU追踪该信标的接收的信号强度(RSS)。当RSS变弱，该WTRU开始扫描以寻找自相邻APs的较强信标。
该WLAN传统扫描方法可为主动或被动。在被动扫描中，该WTRU发出一探测需求至APs的目标台，该台能接收其探测。在主动扫描情况下，接收探测的每一AP以探测响应响应，该探测响应包含传统信标中具备的相同信息，但，TIM除外。该TIM是用来警告或提醒各APs，因此在AP能提供相关响应以响应探测需求时，并不需要。
为方便WLAN与一备选系统(即，其涵盖区与WLAN重叠的另一系统)间的相互操作性，但，通常使操作在一WLAN内的WTRUs侦测出此等备选可用系统的存在。完成此一任务的方法为，当自一WLAN切换一移动公共地面移动网络(PLMN)时，为实施PLMN的可用性的小区搜寻，同时利用WLAN以供通信。此方法的实施为开启WTRU’s的WLAN接收机以搜寻可用网络，而WTRU利用WLAN以供通信。此方法的缺点为费时，及需要同时激活WTRU’s的WTAN及PLMN功能。因而导致增加的电池消耗，及无法使WLAN将通信导向一特殊PLMN网络。此外，此方法限于自WLANs切换至PLMNs。
另一方法为，特别可用的PLMN的可用性搜寻由手动完成。以此方法，除被限于PLMNs之外，用户必须手动选择一网络，此举为不便及费时。
准此，理想是提供一切换信息而无需习知技艺的缺点及限制。
发明内容
本发明提供一方法及系统以供自WLANs至可用的备选系统的广播信息的切换。WTRUs可读取被选系统信息而无需搜寻，及可切换至任何型式的可用被选系统。
一频繁实施的WLAN为802.11b网络。该802.11标准包括“信标帧”以使所有存取点通知WTRUs系统的参数。该信标帧具有将来服务的可用信息。某些未使用的信息单元可用以广播可用备选系统的信息。非基于RSS的WTRUs追踪信标，本发明可使WTRUs在任何时间存取备选系统信息，使其与备选系统所望的互动。广播的关于可用备选系统的信息可包括网络型式，网络名称，关于周围小区的信息及关于备选系统可提供的服务的信息。
附图说明
本发明最佳的了解可自以下的举例说明及参考所附图式而获得。
图1说明一WLAN，其地理涵盖区与其它备选系统重叠。
图2说明传统WLANs使用的信标帧的习知信标帧结构。
图3为一本发明的信标帧结构。
图4为一本发明的信标帧结构。
图5为根据一预定标转自WLAN在WTRUs上至一可用备选系统的自动切换方法。
图6为一方法，其中一用户在WLAN中操作一WTRUS时可手动切换至一地理涵盖与WLAN重叠的备选系统。
图7为一WLAN，其中操作的WTRUs可切换至一备用系统，该系统地理涵盖区与WLAN重叠。
以下名词及缩写字在本申请中使用：
PLAN    移动公共地面移动网络
GSM     移动通信全球系统
UMTS    全球移动电信系统
GPRS    一般分组无线电服务
IMS     IP多媒体系统
WLAN    无线区域网络
CDMA    码分多址
UE      用户设备
WTRU    无线发射/接收单元
具体实施方式
以介绍方式，一无线发/接收单元(WTRU)包括，但不限于一UE，一移动站，固定或机动订户单元，呼叫器，或其它型式的客户装置，其能操作于任何无线环境。无线环境的例包括但不限于WLANs及PLMNs。此处所述的WTRUs较佳能于WLANs及PLMNs环境中操作。
当论及一存取点(AP)，其包括但不限于一基站(BS)，节点-B，站控制器或其它无线环境中的接口装置。此外，其它技术或其它备选系统的名词可互换使用，以指出在WLAN中操作的WTRU可以切换的无线系统。
参考图1，显示一WLAN 10，其中的WLANs地理涵盖区与各备选技术的涵盖区A，B，C重叠。为说明本发明的目的，备选技术A 14为CDMA 2000。备选技术B 12为一UMTS，备选技术C 15为802.16网络。应特别注意，备选技术可为任何型式的无线系统。此外，与WLAN重叠的技术可能为用于WLAN中的相同型式技术。即，备选技术可能为自WTRU切换的同一型式系统。例如，切换信息可在一802.11b网络上广播以切换至另一802.11b，其有一不同作业员，但重叠涵盖区。
为说明本发明较佳实施例，一WLAN可能是指10 82.11b网络10。应特别注意，WLAN 10可为任何型式的WLAN，如802.11a网络，一802.15无线个人局域网络或任何其它无限局域网络。
在802.11b操作WTRUs的用户可能希望以不同理由切换至一备选系统。例如，一WTRU已不在802.11b网络的范围，或用户需要一较高等级的保密/品质服务(QoS)，其可自一备选系统如PLMN获得。此外，用户因为备选系统与WLAN的成本而需要切换，或用户需要备选系统的服务而切换，因为其操作的WLAN无法获得。
不论何理由，切换至备选技术12，14，15需要该区内备选技术12，14，15可用性的信息。根据本发明，切换信息在WLAN 10广播，使WTRUs接收所需的切换信息而不必自行搜寻。自WTRUs接收的切换信息，WTRUs可决定与何一可用的备选系统12，14，15互动。
WLANs典型以信标方式提供WTRUs管理信息。参可图2，显示一习知技术信标帧结构，以号码20代表。信标20包括一时间标记22，由WTRUs使用以更新其区域时脉以在所有WTRUs相关的特别AP间的同步。亦包括一信标间隔24。信标间隔24代表信标传输间的时间量，以使WTRUs在传输之间为睡眠模式。
能力信息26提供一欲属于一特别WLAN的WTRUs必须满足的需求。服务组识别码(SSID)28对WLAN加以识别。与一特别WLAN发生关联之前，一WTRU必须具有相同的SSID 28与AP一样，WTRU可经由该码存取WLAN。
支持速率30代表一特别WLAN支持的数据速率。例如，一802.11b可使WTRU存取一WLAN其仅支持低于11Mbps的数据速率，该WTRU将遵守此一限制及限制传输低于11Mbps。
信标典型包括关于特殊信号通知方法的信息，其型式为不同的参数组32，34，36，38，亦包括在信标20之中。参数组典型包括跳频(FH)32，直接顺序扩展频谱(DS)34，载波频率(CF)36，及基本结构基本服务组(IBSS)38信息。如上所说明，以主动扫描时，备有一TIM40。该TIM40定时发出以识别何一睡眠模式的WTRUs具有在一AP缓冲器中等待的数据帧。
习知技艺信标帧结构20不包括关于切换的信息。但，习知技艺信标帧结构20可予适应使额外信息组件存在的该结构20可用以广播关于可用备选系统的切换信息。参考图3，关于可用备选技术(即，备选系统信息)的信息50备于信标帧内以激活WTRUs于可用的备选系统互动。对于一特殊可用备选系统，信息即供该系统广播，该信息50较佳包括；网络型式(GSM，GPRS，CDMA2000，UMTS FDD，UMTS TDD，802.11a，802.11b，802.15，802.16，蓝芽等)网络标识，周围小区的小区说明及备选系统提供的服务。
特别是，关于网络标识，备有一服务提供人的指示。关于周围小区的说明，信息较佳包括频率，信道号码，及与特殊技术型式相关的小区标识。例如，在GSM/GPRS系统情况下，小区标识信息典型包括一基站识别码(BSIC)。关于由备选系统提供的服务而言，数据50可包括该备选系统是否提供一IP多媒体系统(IMS)，短信息服务(SMS)，多媒体信息服务(MMS)，等的指示。
信息50可下载至一WLAN并包括在由WLAN发出的信标中。或者，WLAN可备有装备以供自动侦测备选技术。其它装置以提供WLANs信息50以供在信标中广播亦可实施。
参考图4，如有多个备选系统可用，该等系统应顺序列出。例如，如在图1的区域3，关于备选技术A的信息60应由关于备选信息B信息62跟随，如图4所示。
参考图5，显示方法100根据预定标准供自WLAN自动切换WTRUs至一可用的备选系统。为说明本发明的目的，该WLAN被指定为802.11b网络。
方法100自步骤104开始，由决定何一备选系统为应选系统。此一决定可由WTRU或802.11b网络或二者的组合决定，亦可基于预定标准指出何时切换至一可用备选系统。
该预定标准可根据某一最小标准，根据一范例理由的因素以自一以上所备的WLAN切换，或根据任何其它理由切换。例如，该标准可能与品质有关。即，如服务品质(QoS)降低至802.11b(或其它型式WLAN)中预定值的下，该标准可能指定用户应切换至一任何可用的备选系统，而不论其它因素。或者，该标准可指出QoS低于预定值之处，用户应切换，除非使用备选系统的金钱成本大于使用WLAN的金钱成本的某一百分比，用户是操作在该WLAN系统之中。
该标准亦可与服务，机动性，电池消耗，或任何与无线信相关的标准有。不同标准亦可予以组合。例如，用户可能希望切换至一具有MMS的备选技术，但，并非电池功率低于预定位准。
一旦相关的备选系统已决定，方法100进行至步骤106。步骤106中，WTRUs决定何一备选系统为可用(即，何一备选系统具有与实施方法100的802.11b的涵盖区重叠)。如上述，与客用备选系统相关的信息由802.11b网络获得并广播一信标。因此，在步骤106中，WTRUs以读取802.11b的信标帧以决定何一备选系统可用。当读取信标帧时，WTRU较佳摘取关于可用备选系统相关的小区信息(步骤108)。此举较佳，因为虽然一备选系统尚有待选择，当读取信标(步骤106)时获得关于所有备选系统的小区信息(步骤108)更为有效，而非一备选系统已选择后再读取信标。
其次，步骤110时，可用备选系统与相关系统比较。根据此比较，在步骤112决定由无任何备选系统能满足有关系统的标准，如无，方法100结束，如需要可再实施。如能满足，方法100进行至步骤114，即选择能满足标准的备选系统。步骤116时，实施已选择系统的涵盖区及QoS的测量。此登测量可利用步骤108所摘取的小区信息及此技艺人士所熟知程序实施。
一旦测量完成，方法100进行至步骤118。步骤118中，决定所选的备选系统的涵盖区与QoS是否足够。关于涵盖区，涵盖区可认为足够，如用户在切换至一备选系统时不致切换至另一备选系统，或返回802.11b网络。即，已选择的备选系统的信号强度必须够强以支持所需的通信。如信强度不强时，WTRU在切换时将容易切换给另一备选系统回返回802.11b网络。此一决定可作为一双重检查，因为虽然802.11b不应广播与备选系统相关的信息，因其无法接受操作于802.11b网络涵盖区的WTRUs，亦可能信息已改变。例如，因为备选系统因电源失效而无法使用，而使信息改变。
关于QoS，QoS可被认为足够，如QoS可达到预定值。实施决定118的标准(即，涵盖区及/或QoS是否足够)可根据操作员的喜好设定。
如测量为不足，方法100结束，用户保持在802.11b网络。如测量为足够，用户切换给选择的备选系统，(步骤120)。已切换后，方法100结束。
参考图6，显示方法200，其中用户在WLAN中操作WTRUs可手动切换至一涵盖区与WLAN重叠的备选系统。开始时，用户指出有兴趣激活WTRU(步骤202)中的手动选择，以实施切换至一备选系统。手动选择可利用任何型式的手动激活，如按钮，声音激活等激活。其次在步骤204中，WTRU可读取802.11b网络所备的802.11b网络信标帧，以决定何一备选系统可用，如上述(步骤204)。读取信标帧时，WTRU较佳摘取所有关于可用的备选系统的信息(206)。步骤208时，WTRU决定何一可用的备选系统，用户的WTRU能予以支持。
步骤201中，用户选择理想的可用备选系统。注意，此步骤时用户较佳仅选择用户的WTRU能支持的备选系统。
可用备选系统选定后，在步骤212实施被选的系统的涵盖区及QoS的测量。如方法100，步骤214时决定涵盖及QoS为足够，WTRU在步骤216切换至选择的系统。一旦WTRU已切换，方法200结束。
参考图7，显示本发明的一WLAN 300。为说明本发明的目的，WLAN 300包括一AP 302以提供一接口于局域网络(LAN)304与操作于WLAN 300涵盖区内的WTRUs 306与308之间。WLANs可包括任何数目的Aps及WTRUs。LANs在此技艺中甚为知名，LAN 304可包括服务人314及数个计算机316，318...n。
如上说明，WLAN 300以信标帧方式广播切换信息，使WTRUs 306，308可易于摘取信息及切换至(手动或自动)可用的备选系统。切换信息可予以下载或由WLAN 300自动侦出(定期或真时)，再分配至Aps。切换信息可予分配或提供至Aps。例如，与地理涵盖区相关由AP 300服务的切换信息可储存于区域内存310中。当AP 300广播其信标信号时，可备一处理器312，使适于Aps 300涵盖区的切换信息自内存310被存取，并广播至在该涵盖区的WTRUs 306，308。当然，切换信息的提供及储存于Aps的方式，及切换信息广播的方式可按理想实施。
虽然本发明已详细说明，应了解本发明并不受限于此，不同的改变如不违反权利要求当可实施。

Claims (25)

1.一种无线局域网络WLAN，该WLAN具有一地理涵盖区，其至少部分与备选无线通信系统的地理涵盖区重叠，该WLAN包含：
一存取点，其包含：
用于提供数个具有至WLAN的无线存取的WTRUs的装置；
用于广播包括切换信息的一信标帧的装置，该切换信息用于自WLAN切换WTRUs至可用的备选无线通信系统其中之一；及
一WTRU，其包含：
用以自该WLAN接收信标帧的装置；
用以在该等可用的备选无线通信系统之间选择一无线通信系统的装置；
用于对所选择的无线通信系统执行覆盖及服务品质的测量的装置；
以及
用以切换至一所述测量满足要求的所选择的无线通信系统的装置。
2.如权利要求1所述的无线局域网络，其中该切换信息包括与网络型式相关的信息。
3.如权利要求1所述的无线局域网络，其中的切换信息包括与网络标记相关的信息。
4.如权利要求1所述的无线局域网络，其中的切换信息包括包围由存取点服务的小区的小区信息。
5.如权利要求1所述的无线局域网络，其中的切换信息包括由可用的备选系统提供的服务型式相关的信息。
6.如权利要求1所述的无线局域网络，其中至少一可用的备选无线通信系统为一PLMN。
7.如权利要求1所述的无线局域网络，其中至少一可用的备选无线通信系统为另一无线局域网络。
8.如权利要求1所述的无线局域网络，其中的无线局域网络为一802.11b网络。
9.一种自无线局域网络切换一WTRU至一可用备选系统的方法，包含：
存取点在信标帧中广播切换信息：
WTRU和/或802.11b网络决定对WTRU用户为有兴趣的系统；
WTRU读取信标帧中的切换信息以决定何一备选系统可用；
WTRU自信标帧中的切换信息摘取关于可用备选系统的小区信息；
WTRU选择一用户有兴趣的可用系统；
WTRU在所选的系统上实施覆盖及服务品质的测量；
WTRU将用户切换至所述测量满足要求的所选可用系统。
10.如权利要求9所述的方法，其中选择一用户有兴趣的可用系统的步骤，进一步包含将可用系统与用户有兴趣的系统比较。
11.如权利要求9所述的方法，其中该切换信息包括关于网络型式的信息。
12.如权利要求9所述的方法，其中该切换信息包括关于网络标记的信息。
13.如权利要求9所述的方法，其中该切换信息包括由存取点服务的包围小区的小区信息。
14.如权利要求9所述的方法，其中该切换信息包括由可用备选系统提供的服务型式的信息。
15.如权利要求9所述的方法，其中该至少一可用备选系统为PLMN。
16.如权利要求9所述的方法，其中该至少一可用备选系统为另一无线局域网络。
17.如权利要求9所述的方法，其中该无线局域网络为一802.11b网络。
18.一种自无线局域网络切换一WTRU至一可用的备选系统的方法，包含：
存取点在信标帧中广播切换信息；
WTRU读取切换信息以决定备选系统是否可供切换；
WTRU摘取关于可用备选系统的小区信息，其为自信标帧的有兴趣信息；
WTRU决定WTRU是否能支持可用的备选系统；
用户选择一为有兴趣及WTRU有能力支持的可用系统；
WTRU实施所选系统的覆盖与服务品质的测量；
WTRU切换至一所述测量满足要求的所选系统。
19.如权利要求18所述的方法，其中该切换信息包括与网络型式相关的信息。
20.如权利要求18所述的方法，其中该切换信息包括关于网络标记的信息。
21.如权利要求18所述的方法，其中该切换信息包括由存取点服务的包围小区小区信息。
22.如权利要求18所述的方法，其中该切换信息包括由可用备选系统提供的服务型式的信息。
23.如权利要求18所述的方法，其中至少一可用的备选系统为一PLMN。
24.如权利要求18所述的方法，其中至少一可用的备选系统为另一无线局域网络。
25.如权利要求18所述的方法，其中该无线局域网络为802.11b网络。
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