CN100374882C - 高折射率涂覆光管理膜 - Google Patents

高折射率涂覆光管理膜 Download PDF

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CN100374882C
CN100374882C CNB2003801051180A CN200380105118A CN100374882C CN 100374882 C CN100374882 C CN 100374882C CN B2003801051180 A CNB2003801051180 A CN B2003801051180A CN 200380105118 A CN200380105118 A CN 200380105118A CN 100374882 C CN100374882 C CN 100374882C
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film
transparent inorganic
optical film
organic optical
organic light
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CN1720468A (zh
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布雷特·奇泽姆
尤金·奥尔克扎克
马克·谢普肯斯
丹尼斯·科伊尔
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SHPP Global Technologies BV
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General Electric Co
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    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/20Filters
    • G02B5/28Interference filters
    • G02B5/285Interference filters comprising deposited thin solid films
    • G02B5/287Interference filters comprising deposited thin solid films comprising at least one layer of organic material
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/04Prisms
    • G02B5/045Prism arrays
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/20Filters
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/30Polarising elements
    • G02B5/3025Polarisers, i.e. arrangements capable of producing a definite output polarisation state from an unpolarised input state
    • G02B5/3033Polarisers, i.e. arrangements capable of producing a definite output polarisation state from an unpolarised input state in the form of a thin sheet or foil, e.g. Polaroid
    • G02B5/3041Polarisers, i.e. arrangements capable of producing a definite output polarisation state from an unpolarised input state in the form of a thin sheet or foil, e.g. Polaroid comprising multiple thin layers, e.g. multilayer stacks
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0013Means for improving the coupling-in of light from the light source into the light guide
    • G02B6/0023Means for improving the coupling-in of light from the light source into the light guide provided by one optical element, or plurality thereof, placed between the light guide and the light source, or around the light source
    • G02B6/0031Reflecting element, sheet or layer
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0033Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
    • G02B6/0035Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide provided on the surface of the light guide or in the bulk of it
    • G02B6/0038Linear indentations or grooves, e.g. arc-shaped grooves or meandering grooves, extending over the full length or width of the light guide
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0033Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
    • G02B6/0035Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide provided on the surface of the light guide or in the bulk of it
    • G02B6/0045Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide provided on the surface of the light guide or in the bulk of it by shaping at least a portion of the light guide
    • G02B6/0046Tapered light guide, e.g. wedge-shaped light guide
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0033Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
    • G02B6/005Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide provided by one optical element, or plurality thereof, placed on the light output side of the light guide
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0033Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
    • G02B6/005Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide provided by one optical element, or plurality thereof, placed on the light output side of the light guide
    • G02B6/0053Prismatic sheet or layer; Brightness enhancement element, sheet or layer
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0033Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
    • G02B6/005Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide provided by one optical element, or plurality thereof, placed on the light output side of the light guide
    • G02B6/0055Reflecting element, sheet or layer
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0066Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form characterised by the light source being coupled to the light guide
    • G02B6/007Incandescent lamp or gas discharge lamp
    • G02B6/0071Incandescent lamp or gas discharge lamp with elongated shape, e.g. tube
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02FOPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/1336Illuminating devices
    • G02F1/13362Illuminating devices providing polarized light, e.g. by converting a polarisation component into another one
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/26Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component, the element or component having a specified physical dimension
    • Y10T428/263Coating layer not in excess of 5 mils thick or equivalent
    • Y10T428/264Up to 3 mils
    • Y10T428/2651 mil or less

Abstract

本发明提供了一种光学结构。该光学结构包括一光源(14)。该光学结构还包括折射率小于1.7、设置在光源上的一有机光管理膜(16),和折射率大于1.7、邻接有机光管理膜(16)设置的一透明无机膜(18)。本发明还提供了包括一有机光管理膜(16)和一透明无机膜(18)的光学设备。本发明还提供了形成所述光学结构的方法。该方法包括在真空下沉积透明无机膜(18)。

Description

高折射率涂覆光管理膜
技术领域
本发明一般地涉及高折射率光管理膜、采用这种膜的设备和形成这种膜的方法。
本申请是2002年12月4日提交、题为“偏振感光光学基底(POLARIZATION SENSITIVE OPTICAL SUBSTRATE)”的美国申请No.10/065,957的部分继续申请,其全部内容通过引用被结合于此。
背景技术
已知,光管理膜(light management film)被使用在用于例如液晶显示器(LCD)的光学设备应用中。在LCD中的光管理膜可以包括例如一个或多个1/4波片、增亮膜、延迟箔(retardation foil)、漫射膜、彩色滤光片、高通滤光片、带通滤光片和低通滤光片。这些光管理膜一般由折射率通常小于1.7的有机材料形成。根据应用,光管理膜可以包括若干隆起特征。
发明内容
根据本发明一方面,提供了一种光学结构,其包括:一光源;折射率小于1.7、设置在光源上的一有机光管理膜;折射率大于1.7、邻接有机光管理膜设置的一透明无机膜。
根据本发明的另一方面,提供了一种光学设备,其包括:包含光源的一背光装置;包含设置在背光装置上的液晶材料的一调制阵列;折射率小于1.7、设置在背光装置上的一有机光管理膜;和折射率大于1.7、邻接有机光管理膜设置的一透明无机膜。
根据本发明的又一方面,提供了一种形成光学结构的方法,其包括:设置折射率小于1.7的一有机光管理膜;在有机光管理膜上在真空下沉积折射率大于1.7的一透明无机膜;和在所述在真空下沉积的步骤之前或之后,将所述有机光管理膜设置到包括光源的光学结构中。
附图说明
图1是根据本发明优选实施例的光学结构的侧视图。
图2是根据本发明另一优选实施例的光学结构的侧视图。
图3是根据本发明又一优选实施例的光学结构的侧视图。
图4是高折射率无机膜的光学作用的示意图。
图5是根据本发明一优选实施例的高折射率无机膜的光学作用的示意图。
图6是根据本发明一优选实施例的起干涉滤光片作用的光学结构的侧视图。
图7是根据本发明另一优选实施例起干涉滤光片作用的光学结构的侧视图。
图8是根据本发明又一优选实施例起干涉滤光片作用的光学结构的侧视图。
图9是图6所示光学结构的%反射率的曲线图,该反射率是波长的函数。
图10是图7所示光学结构的%反射率的曲线图,该反射率是波长的函数。
图11是一曲线图,示出了图8所示光学结构的%反射率,该反射率是波长的函数。
图12是根据本发明另一优选实施例的光学设备的侧视图。
图13是根据本发明又一优选实施例的光学设备的侧视图。
具体实施方式
现在详细地描述本发明的优选实施例。只要可能,在所有附图中使用相同的附图标记指示相同或相似的部件。
本发明人已经认识到:邻接折射率小于1.7、优选小于1.5的有机光管理膜,施加无机高折射率材料,即折射率大于1.7、优选大于2的材料,能够提高用有机光管理膜所达到的光学效果。具有邻接高折射率无机膜的有机光管理膜能够控制朝向观看者的光的方向性,或选择不同于其它的某种偏振。通过进一步影响光的方向性,高折射率膜可以改善LCD观看者的视角和LCD显示器的对比度。因此,在低折射率光管理膜上的高折射率膜提高了涂覆的光管理膜的特定性能。特别是,高折射率膜可以用于LCD,以提高效率,或增强波长或偏振选择性。
图1是根据本发明实施例的光学结构的示意图。光学结构10包括在基底12中的一光源14,在光源14上设置有有机光管理膜16。有机光管理膜16可以是例如1/4波片、增亮膜、延迟箔、漫射膜、彩色滤光片、高通滤光片、带通滤光片或低通滤光片。如果有机光管理膜16是彩色滤光片,则它可以是有着单独的红、蓝和绿像素大小的滤光片的彩色滤光片阵列。如果它是滤光片,则该滤光片例如可以用作色彩选择透反射器、中性密度滤光片(neutral density filter)、IR截止滤光片或UV截止滤光片。
光学结构10还包括邻接有机光管理膜16的高折射率(即,折射率大于1.7)透明无机膜18。有机光管理膜16和透明无机膜18也可以布置成许多交替的层,即,多层膜18与多层膜16交替。有机光管理膜16可以具有多个隆起特征20,例如,棱形特征。透明无机膜18可以共形地设置在具有多个隆起特征20的有机光管理膜16上。
在图1所示的实施例中,有机光管理膜16包括两个子层,基底层16A和上覆层16B。基底层16A没有隆起特征,上覆层16B具有隆起特征20。
图2示出另一实施例,其中有机光管理膜16仅包括基底层16A,并且基底层16A包括多个隆起特征20。
图3示出又一实施例,其中有机光管理膜16仅包括基底层16A。在该实施例中,基底层16A不包括隆起特征,但是,设置在基底层16A上的透明无机膜18包括多个隆起特征20。
图1,图2和图3所示实施例的结构10还包括设置在基底12和有机光管理膜16之间的夹层15。夹层15例如可以是薄金属层。或者,夹层可以设置在有机光管理膜16和透明无机膜18之间。
图4示出无机膜18对从光源10发射的光的作用。为了简化示图,在图4中仅示出无机膜18和有机光管理膜16。在图4的结构中,有机光管理膜16和无机膜18分别具有n1和n2的折射率,n1<1.7而n2>1.7。光线30以相对于有机光管理膜16的底面36的法线34的角度θ1,在有机光管理膜16中传播。根据公知的光学原理,由于这些材料的折射率不同,光线30在有机光管理膜16和无机膜18的界面处折射,相对于无机膜18的表面38的法线形成角度θ2。
图5示出在有机光管理膜16包括许多隆起特征20的情况下,无机膜18对从光源10发射的光的作用。除了隆起特征20之外,图5具有与图4相同的结构。在这个示例中,隆起特征20是具有棱形表面的棱形结构,无机膜18与有机光管理膜16共形。以与图4中光线30相似的方式,图5中的光线30以相对有机光管理膜16的底面36的法线34的角度θ1,在有机光管理膜16中传播。同样,根据公知的光学原理,由于这些材料的折射率不同,光线30在有机光管理膜16和无机膜18的界面处折射。在图5中,光线30从无机膜18通过,到达折射率大约为1.0的空气或真空。因为在图5中有机光管理膜16的顶面39不平行于其底面36,并且因为无机膜18与有机光管理膜16共形,所以光线30沿垂直于有机光管理膜16的底面36的方向离开无机膜18。因此,以倾斜角进入有机光管理膜16的光线可以以垂直于有机光管理膜16的底面36的角度离开无机膜18。因此,图5示出了使用高折射率无机膜18如何改变倾斜光线方向的示例。
如2002年12月4日提交的、题为“偏振感光光学基底”的美国申请No.10/065957所公开的,无机膜18不仅影响离开膜18的光的方向性,而且能选择性地影响光的偏振,所述申请的整个内容通过引用结合于此。
图6-8示出本发明无机膜18和有机光管理膜16在光学结构中交替的实施例,其中光学结构起干涉滤光片的作用。本领域公知,干涉滤光片是通过在构成滤光片的膜的层界面(layer interface)处被反射的光的干涉,来部分地控制透射(以及反射)的光能量的光谱分量的滤光片。
为了简化示图,在图6-8中仅示出无机膜18和有机光管理膜16,没有示出图1-3实施例的光源14和基底12。
图6示出两层无机膜18和两层有机光管理膜16以交替形式布置的实施例。图6的光学结构70布置成起到窄抗反射滤光片的作用。
图9是一曲线图,示出了垂直入射在图6的光学结构70上的光的%反射率,该反射率是波长的函数。图9示出的%反射率曲线具体针对无机膜18和有机光管理膜16的折射率分别是2.5和1.45的情况,其中在图6中从顶层到底层的层厚分别是17.35nm、35.32nm、132.66nm和94.50nm。
图7示出有着如图所示布置的单层无机膜18和单层有机光管理膜16的实施例。图7的光学结构80布置成起到宽抗反射滤光片的作用。
图10是一曲线图,示出了垂直入射在图7的光学结构80上的光的%反射率,该反射率是波长的函数。图10示出的%反射率曲线具体针对无机膜18和有机光管理膜16的折射率分别是2.05和1.38的情况,其中图7中的无机膜18和有机光管理膜16的层厚分别是134.15nm和99.64nm。
图8示出多层无机膜18和多层有机光管理膜16以交替方式布置的实施例。图8的光学结构90布置成起到宽带反射滤光片(band reflection filter)的作用。
图11是一曲线图,示出了垂直入射在图8的光学结构90上的光的%反射率,该反射率是波长的函数。图11示出的%反射率曲线具体针对无机膜18和有机光管理膜16的折射率分别是2.35和1.45的情况,其中在图8中从顶层到底层的层厚分别在大约20nm到大约225nm之间。对于图11的曲线,无机膜18和有机光管理膜16一起的总数是59。当然,实践中层的总数将根据应用来改变。
图12是根据本发明实施例的光学设备40的示意图。光学设备40包括包含液晶材料的调制阵列42。调制阵列选择性地允许光通过阵列的像素,这是本领域所公知的。光学设备40例如可以是液晶显示器(LCD)。光学设备40可以包括以上就图1描述的光学结构的元件。
光学设备40包括基底12,其可以是例如包括光源14的背光装置。设置在调制阵列42和基底12之间,或者在调制阵列42与基底12相反的一侧的是一层或多层有机光管理膜16(折射率小于1.7)以及对应邻接的透明无机膜18(折射率大于1.7)。有机光管理膜16例如可以是一层或多1/4波片、增亮膜、延迟箔、漫射膜、彩色滤光片、高通滤光片、带通滤光片和低通滤光片。如果有机光管理膜16是彩色滤光片,则它可以是具有单独的红、蓝和绿像素大小的滤光片的彩色滤光片阵列。如果是滤光片,则该滤光片可以用作色彩选择透反射器。
有机光管理膜16和透明无机膜18也可以交替地设置成多个层。
有机光管理膜16可以有多个隆起特征20,例如,棱形特征。透明无机膜18可以共形地设置在它们相应的具有多个隆起特征20的有机光管理膜16上。
有机光管理膜16可以如图1所示的实施例中一样包括基底层和上覆层,或如图2和3所示的实施例中一样仅仅包括基底层。有机光管理膜16和透明无机膜18也可以如图6-8所示的实施例中一样交替地布置。
在上述实施例中的透明无机膜18可以由无机材料形成,这些材料例如为诸如氧化钛、氧化锌的金属氧化物、或诸如氮化硅的氮化物、或诸如氮氧化硅的氮氧化物形成。透明无机膜18也可以由陶瓷成分形成,例如,碳氮化硼。薄的透明金属膜也可以用于透明无机膜18。透明无机膜18还可以由透明导电的氧化物涂层形成,例如,氧化铟锡、氧化铟、氧化锡或氧化镉锡。
用于有机光管理膜16的材料取决于应用,例如,可以是诸如聚碳酸酯的有机聚合物。
形成透明无机膜的方法
透明无机膜18优选通过在封闭的沉积室中在真空下进行沉积而形成。因为膜18无机的,所有在封闭沉积腔中在真空下有各种可供使用的沉积方法。适于沉积透明无机膜18的技术包括物理蒸发沉积技术。这些物理气相沉积技术例如包括电子束蒸发、热蒸发和溅射。适于沉积透明无机膜18的技术还包括化学气相沉积技术。这些化学气相沉积技术例如包括化学蒸发沉积、等离子辅助化学气相沉积、膨胀热等离子沉积(expanding thermal plasmadeposition)和常压等离子体化学气相沉积。
有机光管理膜18上或在无机透明膜18上的隆起特征20可以通过传统的光刻技术形成,所述光刻技术例如是:沉积光致抗蚀剂,通过光掩模进行曝光,对光致抗蚀剂显影以使之图案化,接下来通过图案化的光致抗蚀剂进行刻蚀。
透明无机膜18可以以共形的方式沉积在有机光管理膜16中已有的隆起特征20上面。但是,对于具体应用,可能优选相对基底12成直角或倾斜角的方向性沉积。
在于真空下沉积透明无机膜18的步骤之前或之后,有机光管理膜16可以被设置在包括光源的光学结构中,例如设置到一背光装置上。
利用方向性涂层,可以涂覆特征的特定部分,而不是涂覆整个特征20。图13示出了一光学结构50,其中隆起特征20是棱形特征,并且特征中只有表面垂直于材料沉积方向的部分涂覆了第一透明无机膜18A。在这种情况下,有机光管理膜16仅仅对于那些被第一透明无机膜18A覆盖的部分会收到第一透明无机膜18A的影响。
有机光管理膜16可以如图1的实施例中一样包括基底层和上覆层,或者如图2所示的实施例中一样仅包括基底层。
可选地,那些没有被第一透明无机膜18A覆盖的有机光管理膜16的部分可以覆盖以第二透明无机膜18B。第一透明无机膜18A和第二透明无机膜18B一起构成透明无机膜18。第二透明无机膜18B可以由与第一透明无机膜18A相同或不同的材料形成。优选第二透明无机膜18B由不同于第一透明无机膜18A、具有不同折射率的材料形成。因此,通过光学结构50的光线在通过第一透明无机膜18A时遇到不同于第二透明无机膜18B的折射率。
在第一透明无机膜18A之后,通过方向性沉积可以形成第二无机膜18B。在这种情况下,在第一透明无机膜18A形成之后,基底的取向相对于沉积材料的方向被改变,从而一不同的表面垂直于沉积材料的方向,以形成第二透明无机膜18B。
在上述实施例中有机光管理膜16和透明无机膜18的厚度取决于应用,但是,一般在10nm和10,000nm之间。上述实施例中的光学结构厚度也取决于应用,但是,一般在100nm和5cm之间。
尽管已经参照其具体实施例详细描述了本发明,本领域的技术人员应该理解,不脱离本发明的精神和范围,可以作出各种变化和变型。因此,本发明的宽度和范围不应该限制于上述任何一个典型实施例,应该仅根据所附权利要求和其等同物来限定。

Claims (8)

1.一种光学结构,其包括:
基底(12)中的一光源(14);
折射率小于1.7、设置在光源(14)上的一有机光学膜(16),所述有机光学膜具有从10nm到10000nm的厚度;和
折射率大于1.7、设置在所述有机光学膜(16)上的一透明无机膜(18)。
2.如权利要求1所述的光学结构,其中所述透明无机膜(18)包括一第一透明无机膜(18A)和一第二透明无机膜(18B),所述第一透明无机膜设置在所述有机光学膜的一第一部分上,所述第二透明无机膜设置在不同于所述第一部分的有机光学膜的一第二部分上。
3.如权利要求1所述的光学结构,其中还包括设置在所述光源(14)和所述有机光学膜(16)之间或所述有机光学膜(16)和所述透明无机膜(18)之间的一夹层(15)。
4.如权利要求1所述的光学结构,其中所述有机光学膜(16)包括多个隆起特征(20)。
5.如权利要求1所述的光学结构,其中所述有机光学膜(16)是1/4波片、增亮膜、延迟箔、漫射膜、彩色滤光片、低通滤光片、带通滤光片、高通滤光片、色彩选择透反射器、中性密度滤光片、IR截止滤光片和UV截止滤光片以及它们的组合中的一个。
6.一种光学设备,其包括:
包括一光源的一基底(12);
包括设置在所述基底(12)上的液晶材料的一调制阵列(42);
折射率小于1.7、设置在所述基底(12)上的一有机光学膜(16),所述有机光学膜具有从10nm到10000nm的厚度;和
折射率大于1.7、设置在所述有机光学膜(16)上的一透明无机膜(18)。
7.如权利要求6所述的光学设备,其中所述有机光学膜(16)设置在所述基底(12)和所述调制阵列(42)之间。
8.一种形成光学结构的方法,其包括:
设置折射率小于1.7的一有机光学膜(16),所述有机光学膜具有从10nm到10000nm的厚度;
在所述有机光学膜(16)上在真空下沉积折射率大于1.7的一透明无机膜(18);
在所述在真空下沉积的步骤之前或之后,将所述有机光学膜(16)设置在包括一光源(14)的一基底(12)中。
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