CN100445486C - Stereo bearing shuttering for reinforced concrete - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a stereo bearing shuttering for reinforced concrete, which comprises an upper top plate (1), a surrounding side wall (2) and a lower base (3) which are mutually connected to form a polyhedral sealed cavity (4). The present invention is characterized in that at least one vertical rod (5) and at least one cable drawknot are arranged in the cavity (4). The present invention is suitable for various hollow concrete structures, such as floors, roofs, foundation plates, concrete walls, bridges, etc., and is particularly suitable for hollow concrete roof engineering.

Description

A kind of stereo froce bearing form work for reinforced concrete

The application for the applying date be that April 30, application number in 2002 are 200510114605.4, name is called the dividing an application of application for a patent for invention of " a kind of stereo froce bearing form work for reinforced concrete ".

(1) technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of stereo froce bearing form work for reinforced concrete.

(2) background technology

Advantages such as at present, the building of brick mix structure and frame construction major part adopts precast hollow slab as floor structure, and it is fast that this floor structure has speed of application, and cost is low.But, only use the cement mortar joint filling, thereby globality is poor, is unfavorable for antidetonation, and phenomenons such as slit cracking, infiltration often occur owing to firmly do not link between adjacent two precast hollow slabs.For addressing the above problem, a lot of building have adopted the method for Cast-in-place concrete floor (solid, hollow), have solved problems such as antidetonation, cracking and infiltration preferably, but this class floor slab construction relative difficult, and cost is higher relatively.The patent No. is " shuttering member " utility model patent of 93206310.1, a kind of a kind of prefabricated noggin piece that is used for industry and the close rib cavity of civilian construction floor is disclosed, it by upper base, go to the bottom and sidewall constitutes, sidewall all around and upper base, the totally-enclosed cavity polyhedral structure of the formation of going to the bottom, be provided with self support strength of ribs with the enhancement mode mould component in the die housing, formwork self is cracky not.During construction, by designing requirement, shuttering member is placed on the supporter of floor gap, reserve the certain clearance space between shuttering member, arrange reinforcing bar, and pour into a mould that shuttering member promptly constitutes all very smooth whole floor slab structure of upper and lower surface with reinforced concrete with cement, shuttering member in floor be internal mold be again to fill supporting member, construction saves trouble, easy.But this shuttering member is because its inner ribs that is provided with is board-like ribs, weight is heavier relatively, material consumption is big, simultaneously its board-like ribs has only been considered not cracky or only satisfy the requirement of construction resistance to compression load of formwork upper plate, do not consider formwork is designed to the primary load bearing member, constitute common stressed structural system with cast-in-situ concrete structure combination, with resist the drawing of various complexity, press, cut, turn round, the effect of external force such as vibration.European patent number is EP0884427A2, international Patent classificating number is E04B5/21, name is called the european patent application of " A better solution for the concrete boxes normally used in thefungiform pavements ", related to relevant with reclaiming plastics manufacturing concrete hollow mould shell, this formwork is by upper plate, the sidewall and the formation of going to the bottom on every side, upper plate, sidewall and going to the bottom is connected to each other and constitutes the polyhedron enclosed cavity on every side, in cavity, be provided with the rod member of 5 hollow taper shapes under shed, this rod member with go to the bottom and all around sidewall be single injection-molded, upper plate is connected with sidewall all around by bolt and forms plastic form integral body.Equally, this kind plastic form has only been considered not cracky or only satisfy the requirement of construction resistance to compression load of formwork upper plate, though its taper shape is to the conveniently nestable transportation of hollow rod member of under shed, but do not consider formwork is designed to the primary load bearing member, constitute common three-dimensional stressed structural system with the cast-in-situ concrete structure combination, to resist the effect that to resist lower pulling force and horizontal shear etc. in the effect of various complicated outside force, particularly formwork.Therefore, develop a kind of novel stereo froce bearing form work for reinforced concrete for being badly in need of.

(3) summary of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of stereo froce bearing form work for reinforced concrete, can constitute common stressed structural system with the Cast-in-place concrete combination, resist various complicated outside force effects, also have in light weight, characteristics such as material consumption is few, simple in structure, convenient construction and transport simultaneously.

Solution of the present invention is on the basis of existing technology, comprise upper plate, sidewall and going to the bottom on every side, upper plate, sidewall and going to the bottom is connected to each other and constitutes the polyhedron enclosed cavity on every side, it is characterized in that having in the cavity at least one vertical rod member and at least one cables drawknot.Wherein, it is stressed that curvilinear rod is more suitable in formwork arch; Folding mast more is applicable in the special-shaped formwork; Cable more is applicable to tension, and as adopting the sheath cable, then its durability is better; Straight-bar is economized with material, and power transmission is direct, and it draws, presses performance all good, also can apply prestressing force; Upside open hollow bar can make Cast-in-place concrete and the interior stressed member of formwork be combined into one, and forms the common force structure of mutual build-in, and the variable cross-section hollow stem should not use separately, is used in combination preferable with other.Thereby this formwork can constitute common stressed structural system with the Cast-in-place concrete combination, to resist drawing of various complexity, press, cut, the effect of external force such as turn round, constitute the hollow force transferring structure of darknet frame concrete, and the shock resistance of floor, anti-vibration, anti-point load, crack resistance improves greatly, the corresponding steel content that reduces floor, the concrete consumption, improve the plane stiffness of floor, strengthen the structural strength of formwork and Cast-in-place concrete, and the outer base of choosing of going to the bottom, at least on one side choose the upper surface on base or/and edge direction is stretched out exposed steel bar or steel mesh reinforcement or fibre or an anticracking grid cloth or a Cracking-proof belt sour jujube iron plate, the bonding of base and Cast-in-place concrete is more firm, globality is better, also have in light weight simultaneously, material consumption is few, simple in structure, characteristics such as convenient construction and transport, reached purpose of the present invention, be applicable to various superstructures, roof system, sole plate, concrete wall, in the hollow concrete structure such as bridge, be specially adapted in the hollow concrete superstructure engineering.

Feature of the present invention is that also the cable drawknot is gone to the bottom and vertical bar intersection area and the peripheral position of upper plate.

Feature of the present invention also is cable drawknot upper plate and vertical bar intersection area and the peripheral position of going to the bottom.

Feature of the present invention is that also vertical bar is thicker than cable.

Feature of the present invention is that also cable is horizontal cable.

Feature of the present invention is that also cable is oblique cable.

Feature of the present invention also is horizontal cable and tiltedly cable is crossing.

Feature of the present invention is that also horizontal cable and oblique cable intersect at vertical bar upper end or lower end.

Feature of the present invention is that also at least two oblique cables intersect at vertical bar upper end or lower end.

Feature of the present invention is that also the upper end of oblique cable drawknot vertical bar is or/and the lower end.

Feature of the present invention also is the upper end of oblique cable drawknot vertical bar and the intersection of upper plate.

Feature of the present invention also is the lower end of oblique cable drawknot vertical bar and the intersection of going to the bottom.

Feature of the present invention is that also vertical bar is straight-bar or bar of variable cross-section.

Feature of the present invention is that also at least one vertical bar is arranged at upper plate or/and the centre of going to the bottom.

Feature of the present invention also is at least one horizontal cable or/and oblique cable drawknot center vertical bar.

Feature of the present invention is that also vertical bar upper end, oblique cable drawknot center is or/and the lower end.

Feature of the present invention also is the upper end of oblique cable drawknot center vertical bar and the intersection of upper plate.

Feature of the present invention also is the lower end of oblique cable drawknot center vertical bar and the intersection of going to the bottom.

Feature of the present invention also is the upper end of oblique cable drawknot center vertical bar and the intersection of upper plate, lower end and the intersection of going to the bottom.

Feature of the present invention also is to have the rod member more than at least one in cavity.Like this, the performance of the stressed power transmission of formwork participation Cast-in-place concrete is better, and formwork is in light weight, and material consumption is few, and stability is better.

Feature of the present invention is that also rod member is at least one of curvilinear rod, folding mast, cable, upper shed hollow stem or the hollow straight-bar of variable cross-section.

Feature of the present invention is that also rod member is uniform section straight-bar or the solid straight-bar of variable cross-section.Like this, it is stressed that curvilinear rod is more suitable in formwork arch; Folding mast more is applicable in the special-shaped formwork; Cable more is applicable to tension, and as adopting the sheath cable, then its durability is better; Straight-bar is economized with material, and power transmission is direct, and it draws, presses performance all good, also can apply prestressing force; Upside open hollow bar can make Cast-in-place concrete and the interior stressed member of formwork be combined into one, and forms the common force structure of mutual build-in, and the variable cross-section hollow stem should not use separately, is used in combination preferable with other.

Feature of the present invention also is to be provided with at least more than one the triangle rod member truss element or the rod member that joins more than two that is made of many rod members in die housing.Like this, because the triangular truss unit is stable geometric shapes, then the intensity of formwork and rigidity further improve, and the performance of the stressed power transmission of formwork participation Cast-in-place concrete is better, and formwork is in light weight, and material consumption is few, and stability is better.

Feature of the present invention also be to have in the formwork cavity at least one rod member outside die housing, to be extended with shaft or rod end reveal anchor rib or reveal net or concavo-convex mesh iron plate at least one.Like this, rod member in the die housing and the bonding between the Cast-in-place concrete and build-in are better, the bond strength and the collaborative work that have solved the combination interface between prefabricated and the Cast-in-place concrete preferably, and its stress performance, overall performance are higher.

Feature of the present invention is that also a plurality of truss elements in the die housing constitute truss, that the truss list shows is orthogonal thereto each other, oblique, parallel, shaped form engages or butt joint is arranged.

Feature of the present invention is that also truss element is three-dimensional spatial arrangement.

Feature of the present invention is that also truss element is simultaneously and height layout straggly.Like this, formwork can design, make up the rod member in it according to the needs that reality is used fully, to satisfy the needs of different use occasions, different stressing conditions.

The cross sectional shape that feature of the present invention also is rod member is circular, square, prolate shape, L shaped, flute profile, I-shaped or porous shape.

Feature of the present invention is that also rod member is a variable cross-section shape.

Feature of the present invention is that also the cross sectional shape of rod member is hollow.

Feature of the present invention is also that the cross sectional shape of rod member is that ring is hollow, annular or honeycomb hollow.

The cross sectional shape that feature of the present invention also is rod member is simultaneously also along the axis reducing of rod member.Like this, the cross sectional shape of rod member can be selected flexibly according to actual loading and manufacture craft, is convenient to produce and actual the use.

Feature of the present invention is that also rod member is compound rod or coupled pole.Compound rod can be two also having reinforcing rib on cogroup bar combination or the bar simultaneously, or by the rod member combination of individual material properties.Coupled pole has plane stratiform coupled pole, around stratiform coupled pole, different performance material coupled pole.Like this, the intensity and the rigidity of rod member further improve, and stressed transmission force property is better, and rod member is difficult for unstability, and the performance speciality of various rod members and material all can be given full play to.

Feature of the present invention is that also coupled pole is the coupled pole that the enhancing surface layer was fixed or was pasted with on the rod member surface, and the enhancing surface layer is metal sheet roof covering, carbon fiber board, glass fiber reinforced plastic thin plate, fibre cloth or steel fibre.

It is fibrous mesh cloth that feature of the present invention also is to strengthen surface layer.

Feature of the present invention also is to strengthen also has anchoring pin or hole simultaneously on the surface layer.Like this, the intensity and the rigidity of rod member improve greatly, and stressed transmission force property is better.

Feature of the present invention is that also truss element or truss are rope bar truss, plane frame or space truss.

Feature of the present invention also is the rod member truss that constitutes behind the fixed formation quadrangle of rod member joint, pentagon or the hexagon.Like this, the form of truss element or truss is more, can select flexibly to use according to actual mode of occupation, make things convenient for design and construction, and formwork is stressed, power transmission is more even, and upper plate can bear point load.

Feature of the present invention also be to interconnect between the rod member self or and upper plate or on every side sidewall or go to the bottom between be connected at least a in splicing, welding, wire connection, snapping, clamping, riveted joint, hinged, perforation anchor connection or the global formation.Like this, make the making of shuttering member very convenient, easy to implement, cost is low.

Feature of the present invention is that also the push rod of truss element is upper plate or the reinforcing rib on it, and perhaps bottom bar is to go to the bottom or the reinforcing rib on it, and perhaps push rod, bottom bar are upper plate simultaneously respectively, go to the bottom or the reinforcing rib on it.Like this, the push rod of truss member or bottom bar can omit accordingly, and truss is become simply, and easy to make, cost is lower.

Feature of the present invention is that also around the formwork at least one sidewall has at least more than one boss.Like this, the Cast-in-place concrete rod member between the boss constitutes the cast-in-place dark rib of truss each other, and making the concrete hidden rib between the formwork is the dark rib of truss-like, dark rib weight saving, and stress performance improves.

Feature of the present invention is that also boss is solid boss or hollow boss.

Feature of the present invention also is also to be filled with in the hollow boss light material.

Feature of the present invention also is to have the rod member more than at least 1 at least one boss.Like this, the rod member in the boss participates in the stressed of the cast-in-place concrete hidden rib of truss-like, makes stress performance more reliable.

Feature of the present invention also be sidewall or upper plate around or go to the bottom at least one inner surface or external surface reinforcing rib is arranged.

Feature of the present invention is that also reinforcing rib is hollow or solid, and height, consistency of thickness or do not wait.Like this, because reinforcing rib is arranged, the intensity and the rigidity of formwork further improve, and the build-in between the Cast-in-place concrete is more firm, and it is better that formwork participates in performance stressed, power transmission.

Feature of the present invention also is upper plate or sidewall or both external surfaces are undaform, zigzag, impression shape or plucking shape rough surface on every side.Like this, can improve the adhesion stress between shuttering member and the Cast-in-place concrete better, improve the overall performance of Cast-in-place concrete.

Feature of the present invention is that also formwork that upper plate and sidewall on every side form is one deck cementitious matter one deck fiber or the cloth superimposed each other layer structure more than two layers of one deck cementitious matter again.Like this, shuttering member is by fiber reinforcement, and its intensity and rigidity increase greatly, and makes easily.

Feature of the present invention is that also the formwork of upper plate or sidewall formation on every side is the composite construction that the truss single or double is wrapped up in rete outward, or honeycomb hole skeleton single or double is wrapped up in the composite construction of rete outward.Like this, formwork is a hollow wall, and the weight of formwork is further alleviated, and cost reduces, and it is more convenient easy to construct.

Feature of the present invention is that also the upper plate of formwork and sidewall on every side are the single peviform thing of one or the peviform thing that constitutes more than two module components.Like this, the making of formwork is easier, convenient, cost is lower.

Feature of the present invention also is to go to the bottom, upper plate, in sidewall, rod member, reinforcing rib, the stiffening rib reinforce is arranged on every side, and reinforce is at least one in fiber, cloth, nonwoven or the reinforcing bar.

Feature of the present invention is that also reinforce is a fibrous mesh cloth.

Feature of the present invention is that also reinforce is steel mesh reinforcement or gauze wire cloth.

Feature of the present invention is that also reinforce is a prestressed reinforcement.Like this, owing in the formwork reinforce is arranged, thereby its intensity, rigidity, impact toughness improves greatly, and whole stressed, transmission force property is greatly improved.

Feature of the present invention also is from going to the bottom or upper plate or both are extended with and reveal anchor rib or reveal net or be extended with both simultaneously.

Feature of the present invention also is to go to the bottom or upper plate or both outwards choose from sidewall on every side simultaneously the base is arranged.Like this, stretch out and reveal anchor rib or reveal net, formwork can form integral body with the Cast-in-place concrete bonding better, improves overall performance; Also be extended with the base simultaneously if go to the bottom, then dark rib template can be served as in the base, can further reduce construction cost.

Feature of the present invention also be to go to the bottom or go to the bottom the base chosen with upper plate around be zigzag, waveform, hypotenuse shape or step.

Feature of the present invention is that also the base also is extended with at least one that reveal in anchor rib, dew net, fiber exposure silk, anticracking grid cloth, a Cracking-proof belt sour jujube iron plate, dovetail shaped iron plate or the pressure mesh iron plate simultaneously.Like this, the bonding of base and Cast-in-place concrete is more firm, and globality is better.

Feature of the present invention also is sidewall and upper plate on every side, be connected in gluing, welding, wire connection, snapping, clamping, riveted joint, hinged, perforation anchor connection or the global formation at least one between going to the bottom.Like this, the making of shuttering member is more convenient easily, and cost is lower.

Feature of the present invention also is to be provided with in the die housing a slice stiffening rib at least, and stiffening rib is solid or hollow.Like this, the intensity and the rigidity of formwork are further strengthened, and are specially adapted to shuttering member and participate in stressed bigger occasion.

Feature of the present invention is that also there is reinforcing rib the side of stiffening rib.Like this, the intensity of stiffening rib and rigidity improve, but the thickness of attenuate stiffening rib correspondingly, and material is saved in weight reduction.

Feature of the present invention is that also the face shaping of three-dimensional formwork is cuboid, square, pentagon body, hexagon body or cylinder.Like this, design and construction unit can select as required flexibly, makes things convenient for design and construction.

Feature of the present invention is that also an end of three-dimensional formwork is thinner, and the other end is thicker, perhaps go to the bottom or stiffening rib one end thinner, the other end is thicker.This kind formwork is applicable near wall, post, beam limit; To then correspondingly improve effective converting thickness of concrete than a thin end near wall, post, beam limit during construction.

Feature of the present invention is also that the stiffening rib in the die housing is extended with from sidewall or upper plate on every side and reveals anchor rib or reveal net or reveal at least a the rib.Like this, bonding and build-in between stiffening rib and the Cast-in-place concrete are better, and stress performance, globality improve.

Feature of the present invention is that also upper plate and sidewall on every side are plastic foil, plastic plate, composite membrane, GRC plate, metal crimp template, cement fibrolite plate, cellular board, perspex steel, waterproof board, sawdust board, concrete plate or mortar plate.

Feature of the present invention is that also upper plate and sidewall on every side are reinforcing bar or steel wire concrete plate.

Feature of the present invention is that also rod member is reinforcing bar mortar bar, steel bar concrete bar, steel pipe, sheetmetal concrete bar, prestressing force bar, ring bar, fiberglass rod, GRC bar, carbon fiber bar, reinforcing bar or plastic bar.

Feature of the present invention is that also rod member is steel wire webmaster, glass fiber stringing, composite metal-plastic pipe, hollow concrete mortar pipe, reinforcing bar light weight concrete construction enhancement mode pipe or steel pipe concrete pipe.

Feature of the present invention is that also rod member is a glass reinforced plastic pipe.

Feature of the present invention is that also rod member is vertical masonry joint metal tube or spirally-seamed metal tubing.

Feature of the present invention is that also rod member is the tube wall perforated pipe.Can give full play to steel pipe tension and the measuring body advantage separately of concrete as the steel pipe concrete bar, eliminate the defective easy to break of ultra-thin pipe, the unidirectional resistance to compression of concrete becomes the three-dimensional resistance to compression, and compressive strength can improve 3～8 times.

Feature of the present invention is that also three-dimensional formwork is provided with handle.Like this, construct, carry more convenient.

Feature of the present invention is that also three-dimensional formwork is provided with at least one in drag hook, wire drawing, suspender member, embedded iron parts, deep gouge, reserving hole, pre-buried conduit, junction box, water pipe, the air chimney.Like this, more convenient follow-up construction, finishing.

Feature of the present invention also is upper plate, the surface of sidewall, lower shoe, stiffening rib, reinforcing rib is fixed or is pasted with reinforcing band or strengthens surface layer on every side, and reinforcing band or enhancing surface layer are metal sheet, carbon fiber board, glass epoxy, cloth or steel wire.

Feature of the present invention also is reinforcing band or strengthens surface layer also to have the anchoring pin simultaneously.

Feature of the present invention also is reinforcing band or strengthens surface layer is fibrous mesh cloth.Like this, the intensity and the rigidity of formwork improve greatly, its integral body stressed, transmission force property is better.

Reinforcing bar in feature of the present invention also is to go to the bottom in reinforcing bar and rod member or the stiffening rib is connected.Like this, the overall performance of formwork, stressed transmission force property are better.

Feature of the present invention also is to be provided with in the cavity soundproof course or is filled with light material, and light material is lightweight concrete or expanded perlite or expanded vermiculite or rock wool or foamed plastics.Like this, the sound insulation of formwork, insulation heat-insulating property are better, more are applicable to sound insulation, the adiabatic occasion of insulation.

Feature of the present invention also be rod member be upper plate, on every side sidewall or go to the bottom on reinforcing rib.

Feature of the present invention is worn the muscle hole in also being to go to the bottom.

Feature of the present invention also is to have on the boss to be revealed anchor rib or reveals rod end or both combinations.

(4) description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 1, and 1 is upper plate, 2 be around sidewall, 3 for going to the bottom, 4 is enclosed cavity, 5 is rod member, in other accompanying drawing, numbers identically, its explanation is identical.Shown in Figure 1, in formwork, be provided with 5 uniform section straight-bars, 2 folding masts.

Fig. 2 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 2, is provided with 4 curvilinear rod in formwork.

Fig. 3 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 3, and the rod member 5 that is provided with in formwork has uniform section straight-bar, the solid straight-bar of variable cross-section, upper shed hollow stem, cable.

Fig. 4 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 4, and a plurality of truss elements 6 are arranged in formwork.

Fig. 5 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 5, is provided with handing-over rod member 7 in formwork.

Fig. 6 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 6, outside die housing, be extended with the rod end 8 of rod member 5, and rod member 5 is hollow rod member, after formwork is applied in the Cast-in-place concrete floor, concrete can enter in the rod member 5, with rod member 5 mutual build-ins, will go to the bottom 3 with Cast-in-place concrete be connected to form integral body, the overall performance of its floor improves, and the formwork participation is stressed, transmission force property is better.

Fig. 7 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 7, is extended with the rod end 8 of rod member 5 outside die housing, and has and reveal anchor rib 9, and the shaft of rod member 5, they can with Cast-in-place concrete bond better form whole, formwork stressed, transmission force property is better.

Fig. 8 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 8, and a plurality of truss elements 6 in formwork have constituted truss 10, and the orthogonal thereto each other butt joint of truss element 6 engages arranges, is provided with rod member 5 improves truss 10 as diagonal brace globality simultaneously.

Fig. 9 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 9, and the cross sectional shape of rod member 5 is circular, also can be the square, I-shaped etc. of other.

Figure 10 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 10, and rod member 5 is the coupled pole that the stratiform of MULTILAYER COMPOSITE is strengthened.

Figure 11 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 11, and rod member 5 is interiorly to be the coupled pole of sheet steel pipe outward for steel bar concrete, or steel pipe also scribbles lumarith or fire resistant coating outward.

Figure 12 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 12, and rod member 5 is the compound rod of many round bars.

Figure 13 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 13, and coupled pole is fixed with the coupled pole that strengthens surface layer 11 for the rod member surface, and also has the anchoring pin simultaneously on the enhancing surface layer 11. Local enlarged diagram for Figure 13.

Figure 14 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 14, and coupled pole strengthens surface layer 11 for the rod member surface is pasted with.

Figure 15 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 15, and truss 10 is a rope bar truss, and rod member 5 is extended with rod end 8.

Figure 16 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 16, and truss 10 is fixed quadrangle truss, and rod member 5 is extended with shaft.

Figure 17 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 17, and for truss 10 and upper plate 1 with 14 connect for glued being connected between 3 of going to the bottom, the connection 13 between the rod member 5 is a global formation.

Figure 18 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 18, and the truss 10 that constitutes for rod member 5 and upper plate 1 and being connected between 3 of going to the bottom 14 are the anchor connection of boring a hole, and the connection 13 between the rod member 5 is a global formation.

Figure 19 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 19, and the push rod omission for truss 10 utilizes upper plate 1 directly as push rod.

Figure 20 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 20, and the bottom bar omission for truss 10 utilizes and goes to the bottom 3 directly as bottom bar.

Figure 21 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 21, for four sidewalls 2 on every side all have 2 boss 15, one side and 3 choose base 26 is arranged of going to the bottom.

Figure 22 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 22, for four sidewalls 2 on every side all have 2 boss 15, and in each boss 15 2 rod members 16 is arranged, and 3 two limits of going to the bottom are chosen base 26 is arranged.

Figure 23 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 23, and on the sidewall 2 solid reinforcing rib 17 being arranged on every side, and its thickness is up-small and down-big.

Figure 24 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 24, for reinforcing rib 17 is arranged on the upper plate 1, go to the bottom 3 around choose base 26 arranged.

Figure 25 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 25, is the reinforcing rib 17 that has height, thickness not to wait on the upper plate 1; Reinforcing rib 17 is arranged on the sidewall 2, also is rod member 5 simultaneously, and both unite two into one.

Figure 26 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 26, for upper plate 1 and on every side the external surface of sidewall 2 be the undaform external surface.

Figure 27 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 27, for upper plate 1 and on every side the external surface of sidewall 2 be plucking shape rough surface.

Figure 28 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 28, and the formwork that forms for upper plate 1 and sidewall 2 on every side is one deck cementitious matter 11 one deck cloth 12 superimposed each other layer structures more than two layers of one deck cementitious matter 11 again.

Figure 29 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 29, for upper plate 1 and on every side the formwork that forms of sidewall 2 be one deck truss 20 two-sided outer composite constructions of wrapping up in rete 21.

Figure 30 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 30, for upper plate 1 and on every side the formwork that forms of sidewall 2 be the composite construction that one deck honeycomb hole skeleton 22 single faces are wrapped up in rete 21 outward.

Figure 31 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 31, and for the upper plate 1 of formwork is the square peviform thing that 4 module components constitute with sidewall 2 on every side, the shaft of rod member 5 exposes on upper plate 1, and the anchor rib 9 of revealing is arranged on it.

Figure 32 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 32, is embedded with steel mesh reinforcement reinforce 23 for going to the bottom in 3, is embedded with gauze wire cloth reinforce 23 in upper plate 1 and the sidewall 2.

Figure 33 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 33, for upper plate 1, sidewall 2 and go to the bottom and be embedded with gauze wire cloth and fabric reinforcement 23 simultaneously in 3.

Figure 34 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 34,3 is extended with the dew anchor rib for going to the bottom, and also choosing simultaneously has base 26.

Figure 35 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 35,3 chooses to have and reveals net 25 for going to the bottom, and also choosing simultaneously has base 26.

Figure 36 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 36, for 3 bases of choosing 26 of going to the bottom are step, is extended with the dew anchor rib simultaneously.

Figure 37 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 37, for 3 bases of choosing 26 of going to the bottom are zigzag, is extended with the dew anchor rib simultaneously.

Figure 38 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 38, for 3 bases of choosing 26 of going to the bottom are hypotenuse shape, is extended with the dew anchor rib simultaneously.

Figure 39 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 39,3 chooses base 26 is arranged for going to the bottom, and is extended with simultaneously and reveals net 25, and also be extended with fibre 27, anti-cracking cloth 28.

The local enlarged diagram on expression base 26.B-1 represents

An example of local enlarged diagram, expression base 26 is extended with fibre 27, anti-cracking cloth 28; B-2 also represents

Another example of local enlarged diagram, what stretched out on expression base 26 also can be a Cracking-proof belt sour jujube iron plate 29; B-3 also is expression

Another example of local enlarged diagram, expression has a Cracking-proof belt sour jujube iron plate 29 on the base 26.

Figure 40 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 40, for sidewall 2 on every side and upper plate 1, being connected between 3 of going to the bottom 30 connect for glued.

Figure 41 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 41, for sidewall 2 on every side and upper plate 1, going to the bottom is connected 30 for being welded to connect between 3.

Figure 42 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 42, for being provided with the solid stiffening rib of a slice 31 in the die housing.

Figure 43 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 43, for being provided with the hollow stiffening rib of a slice 31 in the die housing.

Figure 44 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 44, for being provided with the hollow stiffening rib of a slice 31 in the die housing.

Figure 45 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 45, wears the solid stiffening rib 31 of reinforcing rib 32 for being provided with a slice both sides in the die housing.

Figure 46 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 46, wears the hollow reinforced rib 31 of reinforcing rib 32 for being provided with a slice both sides in the die housing.

Figure 47 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 47, wears the hollow reinforced rib 31 of reinforcing rib 32 for being provided with a slice both sides in the die housing.

Figure 48 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 48, for the face shaping of 3 D force bearing mould case is a cuboid.

Figure 49 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 49, for the face shaping of 3 D force bearing mould case is the hexagon body.

Figure 50 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 50, and for the right-hand member of 3 D force bearing mould case is thinner, left end is thicker.

Figure 51 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 51, for stiffening rib 31 is extended with the dew anchor rib from upper plate 1.

Figure 52 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 52, for stiffening rib 31 from upper plate 1 and on every side sidewall 2 be extended with and reveal net 34.

Figure 53 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 53, for stiffening rib 31 is extended with the dew anchor rib from upper plate 1.

Figure 54 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 54, reveals rib 35 for stiffening rib 31 is extended with from upper plate 1, and is extended with dew net 34 simultaneously; Go to the bottom and 3 choose base 26 is arranged, and the muscle 24 of revealing and a Cracking-proof belt sour jujube iron plate 29 are arranged.

Figure 55 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 55, for three-dimensional formwork is provided with handle 36.

Figure 56 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 56, for three-dimensional formwork is provided with drag hook 37, wire drawing 38.

Figure 57 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 57, for three-dimensional formwork is provided with wire drawing 38, suspender member 39, embedded iron parts 40.

Figure 58 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 58, for three-dimensional formwork is provided with deep gouge 41, reserving hole 42, air chimney 46.

Figure 59 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 59, for three-dimensional formwork is provided with pre-buried conduit 43, junction box 44, water pipe 45.

Figure 60 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 60, for the surface of the upper plate 1 of formwork and lower shoe 3 is pasted with reinforcing band 47, is fixed with on the sidewall 2 to strengthen surface layer 48, and anchoring pin 49 is arranged simultaneously.

Figure 61 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 61, and reinforcing bars and rod member 5 in 3 link to each other with reinforcing bar in the stiffening rib 31 in order to go to the bottom.

Figure 62 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 62, for being provided with soundproof course 50 in the formwork cavity 4.

Figure 63 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 63, for being filled with expanded perlite 51 in the formwork cavity 4.

Figure 64 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 64, is provided with the hole 52 of wearing muscle in 3 going to the bottom.

Figure 65 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 65, and the rod end 8 of revealing is arranged on boss 15, and the anchor rib 9 of revealing is arranged.

Figure 66 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 66, represents that also upper plate 1 and sidewall 2 on every side are one, will be with truss 10, going to the bottom 3 is about to connect into whole view, and it is gone to the bottom and 3 chooses base 26 is arranged, and the muscle 24 of revealing is arranged, reveals net 25.

Figure 67 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 67, and it is gone to the bottom and 3 chooses base 26 is arranged, and the net 25 of revealing is arranged.

Figure 68 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 68, and it is gone to the bottom and 3 chooses base 26 is arranged, and the shaft of the rod member 5 on the truss 10 stretches out outside the die housing.

Figure 69 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 69, and it is gone to the bottom and 3 chooses base 26 is arranged, and the shaft of the rod member 5 on the truss 10 stretches out outside the die housing.

Figure 70 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 70, and it is gone to the bottom and 3 chooses base 26 is arranged, and a Cracking-proof belt sour jujube iron plate 29 is arranged on the base.

Figure 71 amplifies the user mode structural representation for the part that Figure 70 C is ordered, rod member 5 is the upward opening hollow stem, be cast with cast-in-situ reinforced concrete in it, rod member 5 forms steel pipe steel bar concrete bar behind casting reinforced concrete, makes to go to the bottom by rod member 53 to be connected to form integral body with the cast-in-situ reinforced concrete of upper plate 1.

Figure 72 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 71, also be its go to the bottom 3 linked into an integrated entity with upper plate 1 with truss 10, the housing that forms of sidewall 2 is about to connect into whole view all around.

Figure 73 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 72, and its upper plate 1, going to the bottom 3 is extended with simultaneously and reveals muscle 24.

Figure 74 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 73, and its upper plate 1, going to the bottom 3 is extended with base 26 simultaneously, and is extended with and reveals net 25.

Figure 75 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 74, and the rod member 5 of the truss 10 in its cavity is extended with rod end 8 from four angles of formwork respectively.

Figure 76 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 75, and the rod member 5 of the truss 10 in its cavity is extended with rod end 8 from four angles of formwork respectively, and upper plate 1, goes to the bottom and 3 choose base 26 is arranged.

(5) specific embodiment

The present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.

The present invention comprises upper plate 1, sidewall 2 and go to the bottom 3 on every side as shown in drawings, and upper plate 1, sidewall 2 and go to the bottom and 3 be connected to each other and constitute polyhedron enclosed cavity 4 on every side is characterized in that having in the cavity 4 at least one vertical rod member 5 and at least one cables drawknot.Fig. 1 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 1, and 1 is upper plate, 2 be around sidewall, 3 for going to the bottom, 4 is enclosed cavity, 5 is rod member, and 26 is base plate, and 27 is fibre, and 28 is the anticracking grid cloth, 29 is iron plate, in other accompanying drawing, numbers identically, and its explanation is identical.Fig. 2 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 2, is provided with 4 curvilinear rod in formwork.Shown in Fig. 3, Fig. 6, Figure 15, Figure 62, it is characterized in that having in the cavity 4 a vertical rod member 5 and at least one cables drawknot.

Feature of the present invention also be the cable drawknot go to the bottom 3 with vertical bar 5 intersection areas and upper plate 1 peripheral position.Shown in Fig. 3, Fig. 6, Figure 15, Figure 62, the cable drawknot go to the bottom 3 with vertical bar 5 intersection areas and upper plate 1 peripheral position.

Feature of the present invention also is cable drawknot upper plate 1 and vertical bar 5 intersection areas and 3 the peripheral position of going to the bottom.Shown in Fig. 3, Fig. 6, Figure 15, Figure 62, cable drawknot upper plate 1 and vertical bar 5 intersection areas and 3 the peripheral position of going to the bottom.

Feature of the present invention is that also vertical bar 5 is thicker than cable.Shown in Fig. 3, Fig. 6, Figure 15, Figure 62, vertical bar 5 is thicker than cable.

Feature of the present invention is that also cable is horizontal cable.Shown in Fig. 3, Figure 62, cable is horizontal cable.

Feature of the present invention is that also cable is oblique cable.As Fig. 6, shown in Figure 15, the promising oblique cable of cable.

Feature of the present invention also is horizontal cable and tiltedly cable is crossing.As Fig. 6, shown in Figure 15, horizontal cable is with tiltedly cable is crossing.

Feature of the present invention is that also horizontal cable and oblique cable intersect at vertical bar upper end or lower end.As Fig. 6, shown in Figure 15, horizontal cable intersects at vertical bar upper end, lower end with oblique cable.

Feature of the present invention is that also at least two oblique cables intersect at vertical bar upper end or lower end.As Fig. 6, shown in Figure 15, tiltedly cable intersects at vertical bar upper end, lower end.

Feature of the present invention is that also the upper end of oblique cable drawknot vertical bar 5 is or/and the lower end.As Fig. 6, shown in Figure 15, the top and bottom of oblique cable drawknot vertical bar 5.

Feature of the present invention also is the upper end of oblique cable drawknot vertical bar 5 and the intersection of upper plate 1.As Fig. 6, shown in Figure 15, the upper end of oblique cable drawknot vertical bar 5 and the intersection of upper plate 1.

The lower end that feature of the present invention also is oblique cable drawknot vertical bar 5 with go to the bottom 3 intersection.As Fig. 6, shown in Figure 15, tiltedly the lower end of cable drawknot vertical bar 5 with go to the bottom 3 intersection.

Feature of the present invention is that also vertical bar 5 is straight-bar or bar of variable cross-section.As shown in Figure 3, vertical bar 5 is a bar of variable cross-section.

Feature of the present invention is that also at least one vertical bar 5 is arranged at upper plate 1 or/and 3 the centre of going to the bottom.Shown in Fig. 3, Fig. 6, Figure 15, Figure 62, vertical bar 5 is arranged at upper plate 1 and 3 the centre of going to the bottom.

Feature of the present invention also is at least one horizontal cable or/and oblique cable drawknot center vertical bar 5.Shown in Fig. 3, Fig. 6, Figure 15, Figure 62, horizontal cable and oblique cable drawknot center vertical bar 5.

Feature of the present invention is that also vertical bar upper end, oblique cable drawknot center is or/and the lower end.As Fig. 6, shown in Figure 15, oblique vertical bar top and bottom, cable drawknot center.

Feature of the present invention also is the upper end of oblique cable drawknot center vertical bar 5 and the intersection of upper plate 1.As Fig. 6, shown in Figure 15, the upper end of oblique cable drawknot center vertical bar 5 and the intersection of upper plate 1.

The lower end that feature of the present invention also is oblique cable drawknot center vertical bar 5 with go to the bottom 3 intersection.As Fig. 6, shown in Figure 15, tiltedly the lower end of cable drawknot center vertical bar 5 with go to the bottom 3 intersection.

Feature of the present invention also is the upper end of oblique cable drawknot center vertical bar 5 and the intersection of upper plate 1, the lower end with go to the bottom 3 intersection.As Fig. 6, shown in Figure 15, the tiltedly upper end of cable drawknot center vertical bar 5 and the intersection of upper plate 1, lower end and 3 the intersection of going to the bottom.

The present invention as shown in drawings, comprise upper plate 1, sidewall 2 and go to the bottom 3 on every side, upper plate 1, sidewall 2 and go to the bottom and 3 be connected to each other and constitute polyhedron enclosed cavity 4 on every side, rod member 5 more than at least one is arranged in cavity 4, it is characterized in that 5 at least one of rod members are folding mast, rod member 5 forms integral body with formwork.Shown in Figure 1, in formwork, be provided with 5 uniform section straight-bars, 2 folding masts.

The present invention as shown in drawings, comprise upper plate 1, sidewall 2 and go to the bottom 3 on every side, upper plate 1, sidewall 2 and go to the bottom and 3 be connected to each other and constitute polyhedron enclosed cavity 4 on every side, rod member 5 more than at least one is arranged in cavity 4, it is characterized in that 5 at least one of rod members are cable, rod member 5 forms integral body with formwork.Fig. 3 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 3, and the rod member 5 that is provided with in formwork has uniform section straight-bar, the solid straight-bar of variable cross-section, upper shed hollow stem, cable.

The present invention as shown in drawings, comprise upper plate 1, sidewall 2 and go to the bottom 3 on every side, upper plate 1, sidewall 2 and go to the bottom and 3 be connected to each other and constitute polyhedron enclosed cavity 4 on every side, rod member 5 more than at least one is arranged in cavity 4, it is characterized in that 5 at least one of rod members are the uniform section straight-bar, rod member 5 forms integral body with formwork.As shown in Figure 3.

The present invention as shown in drawings, comprise upper plate 1, sidewall 2 and go to the bottom 3 on every side, upper plate 1, sidewall 2 and go to the bottom and 3 be connected to each other and constitute polyhedron enclosed cavity 4 on every side, rod member 5 more than at least one is arranged in cavity 4, it is characterized in that 5 at least one of rod members are the solid straight-bar of variable cross-section, rod member 5 forms integral body with formwork.As shown in Figure 3.

The present invention as shown in drawings, comprise upper plate 1, sidewall 2 and go to the bottom 3 on every side, upper plate 1, sidewall 2 and go to the bottom and 3 be connected to each other and constitute polyhedron enclosed cavity 4 on every side, rod member 5 more than at least one is arranged in cavity 4, it is characterized in that at least a in upper shed hollow stem, curvilinear rod, folding mast, cable, uniform section straight-bar or the solid straight-bar of variable cross-section of rod member 5, rod member 5 forms integral body with formwork.As shown in Figure 3.

Feature of the present invention is that also the upper shed hollow stem is filled with concrete or steel bar concrete.Shown in Figure 71.

Feature of the present invention also is in the upper shed hollow stem reinforcing bar is arranged.Shown in Figure 71.

The present invention as shown in drawings, comprise upper plate 1, sidewall 2 and go to the bottom 3 on every side, upper plate 1, sidewall 2 and go to the bottom and 3 be connected to each other and constitute polyhedron enclosed cavity 4 on every side, rod member 5 more than at least one is arranged in cavity 4, it is characterized in that at least a in the hollow straight-bar of variable cross-section, curvilinear rod, folding mast, cable, uniform section straight-bar, the solid straight-bar of variable cross-section or the upper shed hollow stem of rod member 5, rod member 5 forms integral body with formwork.As shown in Figure 3.

The present invention as shown in drawings, comprise upper plate 1, sidewall 2 and go to the bottom 3 on every side, upper plate 1, sidewall 2 and go to the bottom and 3 be connected to each other and constitute polyhedron enclosed cavity 4 on every side, rod member 5 more than at least one is arranged in cavity 4, it is whole to it is characterized in that having at least two rod members 5 to constitute, and forms whole rod member group.As Fig. 1, Fig. 4, Fig. 5, Fig. 7, Fig. 9, Figure 10, shown in Figure 11.

Feature of the present invention is that also described at least one vertical rod member 5 and at least one horizontal rod member 5 form whole rod member group, and whole rod member group supports formwork.As Fig. 9, Figure 10, shown in Figure 11.

Feature of the present invention is that also described at least two vertical rod members 5 form whole rod member group, and whole rod member group supports formwork.As shown in figure 36.

Feature of the present invention is that also described at least two horizontal rod members 5 form whole rod member group, and whole rod member group supports formwork.As Fig. 9, Figure 10, shown in Figure 11.

The present invention as shown in drawings, comprise upper plate 1, sidewall 2 and go to the bottom 3 on every side, upper plate 1, sidewall 2 and go to the bottom and 3 be connected to each other and constitute polyhedron enclosed cavity 4 on every side, rod member 5 more than at least one is arranged in cavity 4, it is characterized in that having at least three rod members 5 to be linked to be integral body, be formed with the truss of cross tube, sheer pole, web member.As Fig. 4, Fig. 5, Figure 18, shown in Figure 20.

The present invention as shown in drawings, comprise upper plate 1, sidewall 2 and go to the bottom 3 on every side, upper plate 1, sidewall 2 and go to the bottom and 3 be connected to each other and constitute polyhedron enclosed cavity 4 on every side have the rod member 5 more than at least one in cavity 4, it is characterized in that having at least four rod members 5 to be linked to be integral body, and form rack.Shown in Figure 45, Figure 46, Figure 72.

The present invention as shown in drawings, comprise upper plate 1, sidewall 2 and go to the bottom 3 on every side, upper plate 1, sidewall 2 and go to the bottom and 3 be connected to each other and constitute polyhedron enclosed cavity 4 on every side, rod member 5 more than at least one is arranged in cavity 4, it is characterized in that described at least one vertical rod member 5 side direction are strip and support sidewall 2 on every side.As Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 6, shown in Figure 7.

Feature of the present invention is that also described at least two crossing vertical rod member 5 side direction are strip and support sidewall 2 on every side.As shown in figure 36.

Feature of the present invention also is the apical support upper plate 1 of described at least one vertical rod member 5, sidewall 2 around the side direction strip supports simultaneously.As Fig. 1, Fig. 3, shown in Figure 7.

Feature of the present invention also is the apical support upper plate 1 of described at least one vertical rod member 5, is linked to be whole rod member with horizontal rod member 5.As Fig. 1, shown in Figure 7.

The present invention as shown in drawings, comprise upper plate 1, sidewall 2 and go to the bottom 3 on every side, upper plate 1, sidewall 2 and go to the bottom and 3 be connected to each other and constitute polyhedron enclosed cavity 4 on every side, rod member 5 more than at least one is arranged in cavity 4, it is characterized in that described at least one horizontal rod member 5 cross binding upper plates 1 or go to the bottom 3, support upper plate 1 or go to the bottom 3 or/and laterally be strip, or/and horizontal rod member 5 cross binding upper plates 1 or go to the bottom 3, and be connected with the sidewall of upper plate 1 or 3 the transverse bar member 5 of going to the bottom.As Fig. 1, Fig. 7, shown in Figure 9.

Feature of the present invention is that also described at least one vertical rod member 5 side direction are strip and support sidewall 2 on every side, and vertical rod member 5 is linked to be integral body with horizontal rod member 5.As Fig. 7, shown in Figure 9.

Feature of the present invention also is described at least two crossing horizontal rod members 5, and cross binding upper plate 1 or go to the bottom 3 laterally is strip and supports upper plate 1 or go to the bottom 3.As Fig. 1, Fig. 9, shown in Figure 11.

Feature of the present invention is that also described at least two crossing vertical rod member 5 side direction are strip and support sidewall 2 on every side, and the vertical rod member 5 that intersects is connected to integral body with the horizontal rod member 5 that intersects.Shown in Figure 15, Figure 36, Figure 62.

Feature of the present invention also is sidewall 2 around the apical support of described at least one horizontal rod member 5, and laterally strip supports upper plate 1 or goes to the bottom 3 simultaneously.Shown in Figure 11, Figure 67.

The present invention as shown in drawings, comprise upper plate 1, sidewall 2 and go to the bottom 3 on every side, upper plate 1, sidewall 2 and go to the bottom and 3 be connected to each other and constitute polyhedron enclosed cavity 4 on every side, rod member 5 more than at least one is arranged in cavity 4, it is characterized in that described at least one horizontal rod member 5 cross binding upper plates 1 or go to the bottom 3, laterally be strip and support upper plate 1 or go to the bottom 3, horizontal rod member 5 is linked to be integral body with vertical rod member 5.As Fig. 1, Fig. 7, Fig. 9, shown in Figure 10.

The present invention as shown in drawings, comprise upper plate 1, sidewall 2 and go to the bottom 3 on every side, upper plate 1, sidewall 2 and go to the bottom and 3 be connected to each other and constitute polyhedron enclosed cavity 4 on every side, rod member 5 more than at least one is arranged in cavity 4, the shaft length that it is characterized in that described at least one rod member 5 to the lining support at upper plate 1 or/and go to the bottom 3 or/and the inside side walls of sidewall 2 on every side.Shown in Fig. 4,5.

Feature of the present invention also is to be provided with at least more than one the triangle rod member truss element 6 that is made of many rod members 5 in die housing.Fig. 4 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 4, and a plurality of truss elements 6 are arranged in formwork.

Feature of the present invention is that also a plurality of truss elements 6 in the die housing constitute truss 10, truss element 6 is orthogonal thereto each other, oblique, parallel, shaped form engages, at least a in butt joint layout, three-dimensional spatial arrangement or the height layout straggly.Fig. 8 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 8, and a plurality of truss elements 6 in formwork have constituted truss 10, and the orthogonal thereto each other butt joint of truss element 6 engages arranges, is provided with rod member 5 improves truss 10 as diagonal brace globality simultaneously.Figure 72 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 71, also be its go to the bottom 3 linked into an integrated entity with upper plate 1 with truss 10, the housing that forms of sidewall 2 is about to connect into whole view all around.

Feature of the present invention is that also the end face rod member 5 of truss element is upper plate 1.Figure 19 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 19, and the push rod omission for truss 10 utilizes upper plate 1 directly as push rod.

Feature of the present invention is that also the end face rod member 5 of truss element is the reinforcing rib 17 on the upper plate 1.

Feature of the present invention also is to be provided with the handing-over rod member 7 more than two that is made of many rod members 5 in die housing.Fig. 5 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 5, is provided with handing-over rod member 7 in formwork.

Feature of the present invention is that also handing-over rod member 7 exposes more than at least two.Shown in Figure 75,76.

Feature of the present invention also is to have in the formwork cavity 4 at least one rod member 5 to be extended with shaft outside die housing.Shown in Figure 68, Figure 69, the shaft of rod member 5 stretches out outside the die housing.

Feature of the present invention also is to have in the formwork cavity 4 at least one rod member 5 to stretch out rod end 8 outside die housing.Fig. 6 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 6, outside die housing, be extended with the rod end 8 of rod member 5, and rod member 5 is hollow rod member, after formwork is applied in the Cast-in-place concrete floor, concrete can enter in the rod member 5, with rod member 5 mutual build-ins, will go to the bottom 3 with Cast-in-place concrete be connected to form integral body, the overall performance of its floor improves, and the formwork participation is stressed, transmission force property is better.Shown in Figure 68, Figure 69, the shaft of rod member 5 stretches out outside the die housing.Figure 75 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 74, and the rod member 5 of the truss 10 in its cavity is extended with rod end 8 from four angles of formwork respectively.Figure 76 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 75, and the rod member 5 of the truss 10 in its cavity is extended with rod end 8 from four angles of formwork respectively, and upper plate 1, goes to the bottom and 3 choose base 26 is arranged.

Feature of the present invention also is to have in the formwork cavity 4 at least one rod member 5 to be extended with dew anchor rib 9 outside die housing or reveals net or concavo-convex mesh iron plate.Fig. 7 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 7, is extended with the rod end 8 of rod member 5 outside die housing, and has and reveal anchor rib 9, and the shaft of rod member 5, they can with Cast-in-place concrete bond better form whole, formwork stressed, transmission force property is better.

Feature of the present invention also is to have in the formwork cavity 4 at least one rod member 5 to stretch out rod end 8 outside die housing, reveal anchor rib 9, reveal at least a in net or the concavo-convex mesh iron plate.Fig. 7 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 7, is extended with the rod end 8 of rod member 5 outside die housing, and has and reveal anchor rib 9, and the shaft of rod member 5, they can with Cast-in-place concrete bond better form whole, formwork stressed, transmission force property is better.

Feature of the present invention is that also the anchor rib of at least one truss 10 of being made of rod member 5 is exposed at outside the formwork outward.Shown in Figure 31,51,52,53,54.

Feature of the present invention is that also at least one truss 10 that is made of rod member 5 or the handing-over rod member more than two are exposed at outside the formwork outward.Shown in Figure 68,69.

Feature of the present invention is that also at least one rod member 5 exposes from sidewall.Shown in Figure 75,76.

Feature of the present invention is that also upper plate 1 is provided with groove 41, at groove at least one upright rod member 5 is arranged for 41 times.Shown in Figure 58.

Feature of the present invention is that also the groove of upper plate 1 has for 41 times at least one upright rod member 5 and transverse bar member to intersect.Shown in Figure 58.

Feature of the present invention is that also the U-shaped rod member under the groove 41 of upper plate 1 intersects with upright rod member.Shown in Figure 58.

Feature of the present invention is that also the lower face of upper plate 1 is provided with convex tendon, and upright rod member 5 is arranged under convex tendon.Shown in Figure 58.

Feature of the present invention is that also the cross sectional shape of rod member 5 is for circular.Fig. 9 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 9, and the cross sectional shape of rod member 5 is circular.

Feature of the present invention is that also the cross sectional shape of rod member 5 is an annular.

Feature of the present invention is that also the cross sectional shape of rod member 5 is square.

Feature of the present invention is that also the cross sectional shape of rod member 5 is the prolate type.

Feature of the present invention is that also the cross sectional shape of rod member 5 is hollow.

Feature of the present invention is that also the cross sectional shape of rod member 5 is that ring is hollow.

Feature of the present invention is that also the cross sectional shape of rod member 5 is L shaped.

Feature of the present invention is that also the cross sectional shape of rod member 5 is a flute profile.

Feature of the present invention is that also the cross sectional shape of rod member 5 is I-shaped.

Feature of the present invention is that also the cross sectional shape of rod member 5 is the honeycomb hollow.

Feature of the present invention is that also the cross sectional shape of rod member 5 is a porous shape.

Feature of the present invention is that also the cross sectional shape of rod member 5 is a variable cross-section shape.

The cross sectional shape that feature of the present invention also is rod member 5 is simultaneously also along the axis reducing of rod member 5.

Feature of the present invention is that also rod member 5 is compound rod.Figure 12 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 12, and rod member 5 is the compound rod of many round bars.

Feature of the present invention is that also rod member 5 is coupled pole.Figure 10 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 10, and rod member 5 is the coupled pole that the stratiform of MULTILAYER COMPOSITE is strengthened.Figure 11 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 11, and rod member 5 is interiorly to be the coupled pole of sheet steel pipe outward for steel bar concrete, or steel pipe also scribbles lumarith or fire resistant coating outward.

Feature of the present invention is that also rod member 5 is the coupled pole that bar shell and bar shell inner stuffing form, wrap up in the filler reinforcing bar or in wrap up in reinforcing bar and also stretch out upper plate.Shown in Figure 69,71.

Feature of the present invention is that also the reinforcing bar of wrapping up in the filler links to each other with the interior reinforcing bar of going to the bottom.Shown in Figure 71.

Reinforcing bar linked to each other in feature of the present invention also was the reinforcing bar wrapped up in the filler and goes to the bottom, in wrap up in reinforcing bar and stretch out upper plate.Shown in Figure 71.

Feature of the present invention is that also at least one rod member 5 is lamination shape coupled pole.Shown in Figure 10,13.

Feature of the present invention is that also coupled pole is fixed with the coupled pole that strengthens surface layer 11 for the rod member surface.Figure 13 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 13, and coupled pole is fixed with the coupled pole that strengthens surface layer 11 for the rod member surface, and also has the anchoring pin simultaneously on the enhancing surface layer 11.

Local enlarged diagram for Figure 13.

Feature of the present invention is that also coupled pole is to be pasted with the coupled pole that strengthens surface layer 11.Figure 14 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 14, and coupled pole strengthens surface layer 11 for the rod member surface is pasted with.

Feature of the present invention also is to strengthen surface layer 11 and is metal sheet roof covering, carbon fiber board, glass fiber reinforced plastic thin plate, fibre cloth, fibrous mesh cloth or steel fibre.

Feature of the present invention also is to strengthen also has anchoring pin or hole simultaneously on the surface layer 11.Figure 13 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 13, and coupled pole is fixed with the coupled pole that strengthens surface layer 11 for the rod member surface, and also has the anchoring pin simultaneously on the enhancing surface layer 11.

Local enlarged diagram for Figure 13.

Feature of the present invention also is at least a in the rod member truss that truss element 6 or truss 10 constitute for rope bar truss, plane frame, space truss, space truss, the fixed quadrangle of joint, pentagon, hexagon.Figure 15 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 15, and truss 10 is a rope bar truss, and rod member 5 is extended with rod end 8.Figure 16 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 16, and truss 10 is fixed quadrangle truss, and rod member 5 is extended with shaft.

Feature of the present invention also is to interconnect between the rod member 5 self 13 for glueing joint.Figure 17 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 17, and for truss 10 and upper plate 1 with 14 connect for glued being connected between 3 of going to the bottom, the connection 13 between the rod member 5 is a global formation.

Feature of the present invention also is to interconnect between the rod member 5 self 13 and is welding, wire connection, snapping, clamping, riveted joint, hinged or perforation anchor connection.Figure 18 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 18, and the truss 10 that constitutes for rod member 5 and upper plate 1 and being connected between 3 of going to the bottom 14 are the anchor connection of boring a hole, and the connection 13 between the rod member 5 is a global formation.

Feature of the present invention also is to interconnect between the rod member 5 self 13 and is global formation.

Feature of the present invention also is to interconnect between the rod member 5 self 13 at least a in splicing, welding, wire connection, snapping, clamping, riveted joint, hinged, perforation anchor connection or the global formation.

Feature of the present invention is that also rod member 5 and upper plate 1 are splicing.

Feature of the present invention is that also rod member 5 and upper plate 1 are welding, wire connection, snapping, clamping, riveted joint, hinged or perforation anchor connection.

Feature of the present invention is that also rod member 5 and upper plate 1 are global formation.

Feature of the present invention also is at least a in splicing, welding, wire connection, snapping, clamping, riveted joint, hinged, perforation anchor connection or the global formation of rod member 5 and upper plate 1.

Feature of the present invention is that also rod member 5 and sidewall 2 on every side are for glueing joint.

Feature of the present invention is that also rod member 5 and sidewall 2 on every side are welding, wire connection, snapping, clamping, riveted joint, hinged or perforation anchor connection.

Feature of the present invention is that also rod member 5 and sidewall 2 on every side are global formation.

Feature of the present invention also is at least a in splicing, welding, wire connection, snapping, clamping, riveted joint, hinged, perforation anchor connection or the global formation of rod member 5 and sidewall 2 on every side.

Feature of the present invention is that also rod member 5 is connected 14 for glueing joint between 3 with going to the bottom.

Feature of the present invention is that also the rod member 5 and being connected between 3 of going to the bottom 14 are welding, wire connection, snapping, clamping, riveted joint, hinged or perforation anchor connection.

Feature of the present invention is that also rod member 5 is connected 14 for global formation between 3 with going to the bottom.

Feature of the present invention also is rod member 5 and 14 at least a in splicing, welding, wire connection, snapping, clamping, riveted joint, hinged, perforation anchor connection or the global formation that are connected of going to the bottom between 3.

Feature of the present invention is that also bottom bar is to go to the bottom 3 or the reinforcing rib on it 17.Figure 20 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 20, and the bottom bar omission for truss 10 utilizes and goes to the bottom 3 directly as bottom bar.

Feature of the present invention also be push rod, bottom bar respectively simultaneously for upper plate 1, go to the bottom 3 or the reinforcing rib on it 17.

Feature of the present invention is that also around the formwork at least one sidewall 2 has at least more than one boss 15, and boss 15 is for also being filled with at least a in the light material in solid boss, hollow boss or the hollow boss 15.Figure 21 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 21, for four sidewalls 2 on every side all have 2 boss 15, one side and 3 choose base 26 is arranged of going to the bottom.

Feature of the present invention also is to have the rod member 16 more than at least 1 at least one boss 15.Figure 22 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 22, for four sidewalls 2 on every side all have 2 boss 15, and in each boss 15 2 rod members 16 is arranged, and 3 two limits of going to the bottom are chosen base 26 is arranged.

Feature of the present invention also is to have at least 1 rod member 16 or reveals muscle rod member 16 and exposes at least one boss 15.Shown in Figure 65,70.

Feature of the present invention also is to have at least one boss 15 dew muscle handing-over rod member 16 to expose.Shown in Figure 65,70.

Feature of the present invention also be upper plate 1 or on every side the external surface of at least one in the sidewall 2 be at least a in undaform, zigzag, impression shape or the plucking shape rough surface.Figure 26 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 26, for upper plate 1 and on every side the external surface of sidewall 2 be the undaform external surface.Figure 27 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 27, for upper plate 1 and on every side the external surface of sidewall 2 be plucking shape rough surface.

Feature of the present invention is that also formwork that upper plate 1 and sidewall 2 on every side form is one deck cementitious matter 18 one deck fibers or the cloth 19 superimposed each other layer structure more than two layers of one deck cementitious matter 18 again.Figure 28 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 28, and the formwork that forms for upper plate 1 and sidewall 2 on every side is one deck cementitious matter 11 one deck cloth 12 superimposed each other layer structures more than two layers of one deck cementitious matter 11 again.

Feature of the present invention is that also the formwork of upper plate 1 or sidewall 2 formation on every side is the composite construction that truss 20 single or double are wrapped up in rete 21 outward, or honeycomb hole skeleton 22 single or double are wrapped up in the composite construction of rete 21 outward.Figure 29 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 29, for upper plate 1 and on every side the formwork that forms of sidewall 2 be one deck truss 20 two-sided outer composite constructions of wrapping up in rete 21.Figure 30 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 30, for upper plate 1 and on every side the formwork that forms of sidewall 2 be the composite construction that one deck honeycomb hole skeleton 22 single faces are wrapped up in rete 21 outward.

Feature of the present invention is that also the upper plate 1 of formwork and sidewall 2 on every side are the single peviform thing of one.

Feature of the present invention is that also the upper plate 1 of formwork and sidewall 2 on every side are the peviform thing that constitutes more than two module components.Figure 31 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 31, and for the upper plate 1 of formwork is the square peviform thing that 4 module components constitute with sidewall 2 on every side, the shaft of rod member 5 exposes on upper plate 1, and the anchor rib 9 of revealing is arranged on it.

Feature of the present invention also is to go to the bottom 3, upper plate 1, in sidewall 2, the rod member 5 reinforce 23 is arranged on every side, and reinforce 23 is at least a in fiber, fibrous mesh cloth, cloth, nonwoven, reinforcing bar, steel mesh reinforcement, gauze wire cloth or the prestressed reinforcement.Figure 32 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 32, is embedded with steel mesh reinforcement reinforce 23 for going to the bottom in 3, is embedded with gauze wire cloth reinforce 23 in upper plate 1 and the sidewall 2.Figure 33 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 33, for upper plate 1, sidewall 2 and go to the bottom and be embedded with gauze wire cloth and fabric reinforcement 23 simultaneously in 3.

Feature of the present invention also is around sidewall 2 or upper plate 1 or goes to the bottom 3 or both or three, in its at least one or external surface reinforcing rib 17 is arranged, reinforcing rib 17 is hollow or solid, and height, consistency of thickness or do not wait, and perhaps reinforcing rib 17 contains reinforce 23.Figure 24 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 24, for reinforcing rib 17 is arranged on the upper plate 1, go to the bottom 3 around choose base 26 arranged.Figure 25 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 25, is the reinforcing rib 17 that has height, thickness not to wait on the upper plate 1; Reinforcing rib 17 is arranged on the sidewall 2, also is rod member 5 simultaneously, and both unite two into one.

Feature of the present invention is that also reinforcing bar links to each other with reinforcing bar in the last reinforcing rib of going to the bottom in the rod member.Shown in Figure 71.

Feature of the present invention also is at least one rod member and goes to the bottom or the intersection point of the crossing reinforcing rib of upper plate engages.Shown in Figure 68.

Feature of the present invention is that also at least two crossing rod members are going to the bottom or the intersection point of the crossing reinforcing rib of upper plate intersects.Shown in Figure 68.

Feature of the present invention also is at least one rod member and goes to the bottom or the top board reinforcing rib links to each other.Shown in Figure 24,71,72,69,70.

Feature of the present invention also is to be provided with in the die housing a slice stiffening rib 31 at least, and stiffening rib 31 contains at least a in the reinforce 23 for solid, hollow or stiffening rib 31.Figure 42 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 42, for being provided with the solid stiffening rib of a slice 31 in the die housing.Figure 43 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 43, for being provided with the hollow stiffening rib of a slice 31 in the die housing.Figure 44 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 44, for being provided with the hollow stiffening rib of a slice 31 in the die housing.

Feature of the present invention is that also there is reinforcing rib 32 side of stiffening rib 31.Figure 45 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 45, wears the solid stiffening rib 31 of reinforcing rib 32 for being provided with a slice both sides in the die housing.Figure 46 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 46, wears the hollow reinforced rib 31 of reinforcing rib 32 for being provided with a slice both sides in the die housing.Figure 47 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 47, wears the hollow reinforced rib 31 of reinforcing rib 32 for being provided with a slice both sides in the die housing.

Feature of the present invention is also that the stiffening rib 31 in the die housing is extended with from sidewall 2 or upper plate 1 on every side and reveals anchor rib or reveal net 34 or reveal at least a the rib 35.Figure 51 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 51, for stiffening rib 31 is extended with the dew anchor rib from upper plate 1.Figure 52 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 52, for stiffening rib 31 from upper plate 1 and on every side sidewall 2 be extended with and reveal net 34.Figure 53 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 53, for stiffening rib 31 is extended with the dew anchor rib from upper plate 1.Figure 54 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 54, reveals rib 35 for stiffening rib 31 is extended with from upper plate 1, and is extended with dew net 34 simultaneously; Go to the bottom and 3 choose base 26 is arranged, and the muscle 24 of revealing and a Cracking-proof belt sour jujube iron plate 29 are arranged.

Feature of the present invention also is to go to the bottom, and the reinforcing bar in the reinforcing bars and stiffening rib 31 is connected in 3.Figure 61 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 61, and reinforcing bars and rod member 5 in 3 link to each other with reinforcing bar in the stiffening rib 31 in order to go to the bottom.

Feature of the present invention also is to go to the bottom, and the reinforcing bar in the reinforcing bars and rod member 5 is connected in 3.Shown in Figure 61.

Feature of the present invention is also in the rod member 5 that reinforcing bars are connected with 3 reinforcing bars of going to the bottom and stretch out upper plate.Shown in Figure 71.

Feature of the present invention is that also reinforcing bar interconnects in the phase link member.Shown in Figure 66,62.

Feature of the present invention also be from go to the bottom 3 or upper plate 1 or both be extended with and reveal anchor rib or reveal net 25 or be extended with both simultaneously.Figure 35 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 35,3 is extended with and reveals net 25 for going to the bottom, and also choosing simultaneously has base 26.

Feature of the present invention also be from go to the bottom 3 or upper plate 1 or both outwards choose from sidewall 2 on every side simultaneously base 26 arranged.Figure 34 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 34,3 is extended with the dew anchor rib for going to the bottom, and also choosing simultaneously has base 26.

Feature of the present invention also be from go to the bottom 3 or upper plate 1 or both be extended with and reveal anchor rib or reveal net 25 or be extended with both simultaneously, go to the bottom simultaneously 3 or upper plate 1 or both outwards choose from sidewall 2 on every side simultaneously base 26 arranged.Figure 66 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 66, represents that also upper plate 1 and sidewall 2 on every side are one, will be with truss 10, going to the bottom 3 is about to connect into whole view, and it is gone to the bottom and 3 chooses base 26 is arranged, and the muscle 24 of revealing is arranged, reveals net 25.Figure 67 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 67, and it is gone to the bottom and 3 chooses base 26 is arranged, and the net 25 of revealing is arranged.

Feature of the present invention also be to go to the bottom 3 or 3 bases of choosing with upper plate 1 26 of going to the bottom around at least a in zigzag, waveform, hypotenuse shape or the step, perhaps base 26 also be extended with simultaneously reveal anchor rib, reveal net 25, fiber exposure silk 27, anticracking grid cloth 28, a Cracking-proof belt sour jujube iron plate 29, dovetail shaped iron plate or press at least a in the mesh iron plate.Figure 68 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 68, and it is gone to the bottom and 3 chooses base 26 is arranged, and the shaft of the rod member 5 on the truss 10 stretches out outside the die housing.Figure 69 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 69, and it is gone to the bottom and 3 chooses base 26 is arranged, and the shaft of the rod member 5 on the truss 10 stretches out outside the die housing.Figure 73 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 72, and its upper plate 1, going to the bottom 3 is extended with simultaneously and reveals muscle 24.Figure 74 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 73, and its upper plate 1, going to the bottom 3 is extended with base 26 simultaneously, and is extended with and reveals net 25.Figure 76 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 75, and the rod member 5 of the truss 10 in its cavity is extended with rod end 8 from four angles of formwork respectively, and upper plate 1, goes to the bottom and 3 choose base 26 is arranged.

Feature of the present invention also is sidewall 2 and upper plate 1 on every side, 30 at least a in gluing, welding, wire connection, snapping, clamping, riveted joint, hinged, bore a hole anchor connection or the global formation that are connected between 3 of going to the bottom.Figure 40 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 40, for sidewall 2 on every side and upper plate 1, being connected between 3 of going to the bottom 30 connect for glued.Figure 41 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 41, for sidewall 2 on every side and upper plate 1, going to the bottom is connected 30 for being welded to connect between 3.

Feature of the present invention is that also the face shaping of formwork is cuboid, square, pentagon body, hexagon body or cylinder.Figure 48 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 48, for the face shaping of 3 D force bearing mould case is a cuboid.Figure 49 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 49, for the face shaping of 3 D force bearing mould case is the hexagon body.

Feature of the present invention is that also an end of three-dimensional formwork is thinner, and the other end is thicker, perhaps go to the bottom 3 or stiffening rib 31 1 ends thinner, the other end is thicker.Figure 50 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 50, and for the right-hand member of 3 D force bearing mould case is thinner, left end is thicker.

Feature of the present invention is that also upper plate 1 and sidewall 2 on every side are plastic foil, plastic plate, composite membrane, GRC plate, metal crimp template, cement fibrolite plate, cellular board, perspex steel, waterproof board, sawdust board, concrete plate, reinforcing bar or steel wire concrete plate or mortar plate.

Feature of the present invention is that also rod member 5 is reinforcing bar mortar bar, steel bar concrete bar, steel pipe, sheetmetal concrete bar, prestressing force bar, ring bar, fiberglass rod, GRC bar, carbon fiber bar, reinforcing bar, plastic bar, vertical masonry joint metal tube, spirally-seamed metal tubing, steel wire webmaster, glass fiber stringing, glass reinforced plastic pipe, tube wall perforated pipe, composite metal-plastic pipe, hollow concrete mortar pipe, reinforcing bar light weight concrete construction enhancement mode pipe or steel pipe concrete pipe.

Feature of the present invention is that also three-dimensional formwork is provided with handle 36.Figure 55 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 55, for three-dimensional formwork is provided with handle 36.

Feature of the present invention is that also three-dimensional formwork is provided with drag hook 37.Figure 56 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 56, for three-dimensional formwork is provided with drag hook 37.

Feature of the present invention is that also three-dimensional formwork is provided with wire drawing 38.Shown in Figure 56.

Feature of the present invention is that also three-dimensional formwork is provided with suspender member 39.Figure 57 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 57, for three-dimensional formwork is provided with wire drawing 38, suspender member 39.

Feature of the present invention is that also three-dimensional formwork is provided with embedded iron parts 40, deep gouge 41.Shown in Figure 58.

Feature of the present invention is that also three-dimensional formwork is provided with reserving hole 42, pre-buried conduit 43.Shown in Figure 58.

Feature of the present invention is that also three-dimensional formwork is provided with junction box 44.Shown in Figure 58.

Feature of the present invention is that also three-dimensional formwork is provided with water pipe 45.Shown in Figure 58.

Feature of the present invention is that also three-dimensional formwork is provided with air chimney 46.Shown in Figure 58.

Feature of the present invention is also that three-dimensional formwork is provided with and connects at least a in hook, wire drawing, suspender member, deep gouge, reserving hole, pre-buried conduit, junction box, water pipe or the air chimney.

Feature of the present invention also is upper plate 1, the surface of sidewall 2, lower shoe 3, stiffening rib 31, reinforcing rib is fixed or is pasted with reinforcing band 47 or strengthens at least a in the surface layer 48 on every side, reinforcing band 47 or to strengthen surface layer 48 be at least a in metal sheet, carbon fiber board, glass epoxy, cloth, fibrous mesh cloth or the steel wire, perhaps reinforcing band 47 or enhancing surface layer 48 also have anchoring pin 49 simultaneously.Figure 60 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 60, for the surface of the upper plate 1 of formwork and lower shoe 3 is pasted with reinforcing band 47, is fixed with on the sidewall 2 to strengthen surface layer 48, and anchoring pin 49 is arranged simultaneously.

Feature of the present invention also is at least one rod member and upper plate or goes to the bottom gluing together.Shown in Figure 71.

Feature of the present invention is also that at least one rod end stretches out reinforcing bar and rod end and stretch out reinforcing bar and is anchored in the steel bar concrete upper plate.Shown in Figure 71.

Feature of the present invention also is at least one rod member reinforce is arranged.Shown in Figure 63,65,66,70,71.

Feature of the present invention also is to be provided with in the cavity 4 soundproof course 50 or is filled with light material 51, and light material 51 is lightweight concrete or expanded perlite or expanded vermiculite or rock wool or foamed plastics.Figure 62 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 62, for being provided with soundproof course 50 in the formwork cavity 4.Figure 63 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 63, for being filled with expanded perlite 51 in the formwork cavity 4.

Feature of the present invention is that also rod member 5 is upper plate 1, sidewall 2 or the reinforcing rib 17 on 3 of going to the bottom on every side.Figure 25 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 25, and reinforcing rib 17 is arranged on sidewall 2, also is rod member 5 simultaneously, and both unite two into one.

Feature of the present invention also is to go to the bottom and wears muscle in 3 with hole 52.Figure 64 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 64, is provided with the hole 52 of wearing muscle in 3 going to the bottom.

Feature of the present invention also is to have on the boss 15 to be revealed anchor rib 9 or reveals rod end 8 or both combinations.Figure 65 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 65, and the rod end 8 of revealing is arranged on boss 15, and the anchor rib 9 of revealing is arranged.

During the invention process, can make of steel bar concrete or gauze wire cloth concrete earlier and go to the bottom 3, with one deck cement gel ramming material one deck cloth again the layer structure more than two layers that is built up each other of one deck cement gel ramming material make required form upper plate 1 and around sidewall 2, make rod member 5 glued one-tenth truss 10 or the whole truss 10 that forms with the reinforced concrete mortar, use the glue gluing between each member each other, promptly form required three-dimensional formwork, formwork is in light weight, material is economized, and also has characteristics such as intensity height, simple in structure, convenient construction and transport simultaneously.

Claims (82)

1, a kind of stereo froce bearing form work for reinforced concrete, comprise upper plate (1), sidewall (2) and go to the bottom (3) on every side, upper plate (1), sidewall (2) and go to the bottom (3) are connected to each other and constitute polyhedron enclosed cavity (4) on every side, it is characterized in that at least one vertical rod member (5) and at least one cables drawknot are arranged in the cavity (4).

2, a kind of stereo froce bearing form work for reinforced concrete according to claim 1 is characterized in that at least one level arranged or/and the oblique adjacent parallel vertical bar of cable drawknot.

3, a kind of stereo froce bearing form work for reinforced concrete according to claim 1 is characterized in that described cable drawknot go to the bottom (3) and vertical bar (5) intersection area and the peripheral position of upper plate (1).

4, a kind of stereo froce bearing form work for reinforced concrete according to claim 1 is characterized in that described cable drawknot upper plate (1) and the peripheral position of vertical bar (5) intersection area with go to the bottom (3).

5, a kind of stereo froce bearing form work for reinforced concrete according to claim 1 is characterized in that described vertical bar (5) is thicker than cable.

6, a kind of stereo froce bearing form work for reinforced concrete according to claim 1 is characterized in that described cable is horizontal cable.

7, a kind of stereo froce bearing form work for reinforced concrete according to claim 1 is characterized in that described cable is oblique cable.

8, a kind of stereo froce bearing form work for reinforced concrete according to claim 2 is characterized in that described horizontal cable and tiltedly cable is crossing.

9, a kind of stereo froce bearing form work for reinforced concrete according to claim 2 is characterized in that described horizontal cable and oblique cable intersect at vertical bar upper end or lower end.

10, a kind of stereo froce bearing form work for reinforced concrete according to claim 2 is characterized in that at least two oblique cables intersect at vertical bar upper end or lower end.

11, a kind of stereo froce bearing form work for reinforced concrete according to claim 2, the upper end that it is characterized in that oblique cable drawknot vertical bar (5) is or/and the lower end.

12, a kind of stereo froce bearing form work for reinforced concrete according to claim 2 is characterized in that the upper end of oblique cable drawknot vertical bar (5) and the intersection of upper plate (1).

13, a kind of stereo froce bearing form work for reinforced concrete according to claim 2 is characterized in that the lower end of oblique cable drawknot vertical bar (5) and the intersection of go to the bottom (3).

14, a kind of stereo froce bearing form work for reinforced concrete according to claim 1 is characterized in that vertical bar (5) is straight-bar or bar of variable cross-section.

15, a kind of stereo froce bearing form work for reinforced concrete according to claim 1 is characterized in that at least one vertical bar (5) is arranged at upper plate (1) or/and the centre of go to the bottom (3).

16, a kind of stereo froce bearing form work for reinforced concrete according to claim 2 is characterized in that at least one horizontal cable or/and oblique cable drawknot center vertical bar (5).

17, a kind of stereo froce bearing form work for reinforced concrete according to claim 2 is characterized in that vertical bar upper end, oblique cable drawknot center is or/and the lower end.

18, a kind of stereo froce bearing form work for reinforced concrete according to claim 2 is characterized in that the upper end of oblique cable drawknot center vertical bar (5) and the intersection of upper plate (1).

19, a kind of stereo froce bearing form work for reinforced concrete according to claim 2 is characterized in that the lower end of oblique cable drawknot center vertical bar (5) and the intersection of go to the bottom (3).

20, a kind of stereo froce bearing form work for reinforced concrete according to claim 2 is characterized in that the upper end of oblique cable drawknot center vertical bar (5) and the intersection of upper plate (1), the intersection of lower end and go to the bottom (3).

21, a kind of stereo froce bearing form work for reinforced concrete according to claim 1, it is characterized in that rod member (5) for curvilinear rod, folding mast, upper shed is hollow or the hollow straight-bar of variable cross-section at least one.

22, a kind of stereo froce bearing form work for reinforced concrete according to claim 1 is characterized in that rod member (5) is uniform section straight-bar or the solid straight-bar of variable cross-section.

23, a kind of stereo froce bearing form work for reinforced concrete according to claim 21 is characterized in that being provided with at least one the triangle rod member truss element (6) or the rod member (7) that joins more than two that is made of many rod members (5) in die housing.

24, a kind of stereo froce bearing form work for reinforced concrete according to claim 23 is characterized in that a plurality of truss elements (6) in the die housing constitute truss (10), truss element (6) is orthogonal thereto each other, oblique, parallel, shaped form engages or butt joint is arranged.

25, a kind of stereo froce bearing form work for reinforced concrete according to claim 24 is characterized in that truss element (6) is three-dimensional spatial arrangement.

26, a kind of stereo froce bearing form work for reinforced concrete according to claim 24 is characterized in that truss element (6) is simultaneously and height layout straggly.

27, a kind of stereo froce bearing form work for reinforced concrete according to claim 24 is characterized in that truss element (6) or truss (10) are plane frame or space truss.

28, a kind of stereo froce bearing form work for reinforced concrete according to claim 24 is characterized in that the rod member truss that constitutes behind the fixed formation quadrangle of rod member (5) joint, pentagon or the hexagon.

29, a kind of stereo froce bearing form work for reinforced concrete according to claim 23, the push rod that it is characterized in that truss element is the reinforcing rib (17) on upper plate (1) or the upper plate (1), perhaps the bottom bar of truss element for go to the bottom (3) or go to the bottom (3) on reinforcing rib (17), perhaps push rod, bottom bar respectively simultaneously for upper plate (1), go to the bottom (3) or the reinforcing rib on it (17).

30, a kind of stereo froce bearing form work for reinforced concrete according to claim 23, it is characterized in that having in the formwork cavity (4) at least one rod member (5) outside die housing, to be extended with shaft or rod end (8) reveal anchor rib (9) or reveal net or concavo-convex mesh iron plate at least one.

31, according to the described a kind of stereo froce bearing form work for reinforced concrete of arbitrary claim in the claim 1 to 30, the cross sectional shape that it is characterized in that rod member (5) is circular, square, prolate shape, L shaped, flute profile, I-shaped or porous shape.

32,, it is characterized in that rod member (5) is variable cross-section shape according to the described a kind of stereo froce bearing form work for reinforced concrete of arbitrary claim in the claim 1 to 30.

33, according to the described a kind of stereo froce bearing form work for reinforced concrete of arbitrary claim in the claim 1 to 30, the cross sectional shape that it is characterized in that rod member (5) is hollow.

34, a kind of stereo froce bearing form work for reinforced concrete according to claim 33, the cross sectional shape that it is characterized in that rod member (5) are that ring is hollow, annular or honeycomb hollow.

35, according to the described a kind of stereo froce bearing form work for reinforced concrete of arbitrary claim in the claim 1 to 30, the cross sectional shape that it is characterized in that rod member (5) is simultaneously also along the axis reducing of rod member (5).

36,, it is characterized in that rod member (5) is compound rod or coupled pole according to the described a kind of stereo froce bearing form work for reinforced concrete of arbitrary claim in the claim 1 to 30.

37, a kind of stereo froce bearing form work for reinforced concrete according to claim 36, it is characterized in that coupled pole is that the coupled pole that strengthens surface layer (11) is fixed or is pasted with on the rod member surface, strengthening surface layer (11) is metal sheet roof covering, carbon fiber board, glass fiber reinforced plastic thin plate, fibre cloth or steel fibre.

38, according to the described a kind of stereo froce bearing form work for reinforced concrete of claim 37, it is characterized in that strengthening surface layer (11) is fibrous mesh cloth.

39,, it is characterized in that strengthening on the surface layer (11) and to also have anchoring pin or hole simultaneously according to the described a kind of stereo froce bearing form work for reinforced concrete of claim 37.

40, according to the described a kind of stereo froce bearing form work for reinforced concrete of arbitrary claim in the claim 1 to 30, it is characterized in that interconnecting between the rod member (5) self (13) or with upper plate (1) or on every side sidewall (2) or being connected between (3) (14) of going to the bottom at least a in splicing, welding, wire connection, snapping, clamping, riveted joint, hinged, perforation anchor connection or the global formation.

41,, it is characterized in that at least one sidewall (2) has at least one boss (15) around formwork according to the described a kind of stereo froce bearing form work for reinforced concrete of arbitrary claim in the claim 1 to 30.

42,, it is characterized in that boss (15) is solid boss or hollow boss according to the described a kind of stereo froce bearing form work for reinforced concrete of claim 41.

43,, it is characterized in that also being filled with light material in the hollow boss (15) according to the described a kind of stereo froce bearing form work for reinforced concrete of claim 41.

44,, it is characterized in that at least one boss (15), having the rod member more than at least 1 according to the described a kind of stereo froce bearing form work for reinforced concrete of claim 41.

45,, it is characterized in that having on the boss (15) at least one in dew anchor rib (9) or the dew rod end (8) according to the described a kind of stereo froce bearing form work for reinforced concrete of claim 44.

46,, it is characterized in that at least one inner surface or the external surface in sidewall (2) around or upper plate (1) or go to the bottom (3) has reinforcing rib (17) according to the described a kind of stereo froce bearing form work for reinforced concrete of arbitrary claim in the claim 1 to 30.

47, according to the described a kind of stereo froce bearing form work for reinforced concrete of claim 46, it is characterized in that reinforcing rib (17) for hollow or solid, and height, consistency of thickness or do not wait.

48,, it is characterized in that upper plate (1) or sidewall (2) or both external surfaces are undaform, zigzag, impression shape or plucking shape rough surface on every side according to the described a kind of stereo froce bearing form work for reinforced concrete of arbitrary claim in the claim 1 to 30.

49,, it is characterized in that formwork that upper plate (1) and sidewall (2) on every side form is one deck cementitious matter (18) one deck fiber or cloth (19) the superimposed each other layer structure more than three layers of one deck cementitious matter (18) again according to the described a kind of stereo froce bearing form work for reinforced concrete of arbitrary claim in the claim 1 to 30.

50, according to the described a kind of stereo froce bearing form work for reinforced concrete of arbitrary claim in the claim 1 to 30, the formwork that it is characterized in that upper plate (1) or sidewall (2) formation on every side is the composite construction that truss (20) single or double is wrapped up in rete (21) outward, or honeycomb hole skeleton (22) single or double is wrapped up in the composite construction of rete (21) outward.

51,, it is characterized in that the upper plate (1) of formwork and sidewall (2) on every side are the single peviform thing of one or the peviform thing that constitutes more than two module components according to the described a kind of stereo froce bearing form work for reinforced concrete of arbitrary claim in the claim 1 to 30.

52,, it is characterized in that being extended with and reveal anchor rib or reveal net (25) or be extended with both simultaneously from go to the bottom (3) or upper plate (1) or both according to the described a kind of stereo froce bearing form work for reinforced concrete of arbitrary claim in the claim 1 to 30.

53, according to the described a kind of stereo froce bearing form work for reinforced concrete of claim 52, it is characterized in that going to the bottom (3) or upper plate (1) or both outwards choose from sidewall (2) on every side simultaneously base (26).

54,, be zigzag, waveform, hypotenuse shape or step around the base (26) that it is characterized in that going to the bottom (3) or go to the bottom (3) and upper plate (1) are chosen according to the described a kind of stereo froce bearing form work for reinforced concrete of claim 53.

55,, it is characterized in that base (26) also is extended with at least one that reveal in anchor rib, dew net (25), fiber exposure silk (27), anticracking grid cloth (28), a Cracking-proof belt sour jujube iron plate (29), dovetail shaped iron plate or the pressure mesh iron plate simultaneously according to the described a kind of stereo froce bearing form work for reinforced concrete of claim 54.

56,, it is characterized in that sidewall (2) and upper plate (1) on every side, being connected between (3) (30) of going to the bottom be in gluing, welding, wire connection, snapping, clamping, riveted joint, hinged, bore a hole anchor connection or the global formation at least one according to the described a kind of stereo froce bearing form work for reinforced concrete of arbitrary claim in the claim 1 to 30.

57, according to the described a kind of stereo froce bearing form work for reinforced concrete of arbitrary claim in the claim 1 to 30, it is characterized in that being provided with in the die housing a slice stiffening rib (31) at least, stiffening rib (31) is solid or hollow.

58,, it is characterized in that there is reinforcing rib (32) side of stiffening rib (31) according to the described a kind of stereo froce bearing form work for reinforced concrete of claim 57.

59, according to the described a kind of stereo froce bearing form work for reinforced concrete of claim 58, it is characterized in that upper plate (1), the surface of sidewall (2), lower shoe (3), stiffening rib (31), reinforcing rib is fixed or is pasted with reinforcing band (47) or strengthens surface layer (48) on every side, reinforcing band (47) or to strengthen surface layer (48) be metal sheet, carbon fiber board, glass epoxy, cloth or steel wire.

60,, it is characterized in that reinforcing band (47) or strengthen surface layer (48) also having anchoring pin (49) simultaneously according to the described a kind of stereo froce bearing form work for reinforced concrete of claim 59.

61,, it is characterized in that reinforcing band (47) or strengthen surface layer (48) being fibrous mesh cloth according to the described a kind of stereo froce bearing form work for reinforced concrete of claim 59.

62, according to the described a kind of stereo froce bearing form work for reinforced concrete of claim 57, it is characterized in that an end of formwork is thinner, the other end is thicker, perhaps go to the bottom (3) or stiffening rib (31) one ends thinner, the other end is thicker.

63, according to the described a kind of stereo froce bearing form work for reinforced concrete of claim 62, it is characterized in that going to the bottom (3), upper plate (1), in sidewall (2), rod member (5), reinforcing rib, the stiffening rib reinforce (23) arranged on every side, reinforce (23) is at least one in fiber, cloth, nonwoven or the reinforcing bar.

64,, it is characterized in that reinforce (23) is a fibrous mesh cloth according to the described a kind of stereo froce bearing form work for reinforced concrete of claim 63.

65,, it is characterized in that reinforce (23) is steel mesh reinforcement or gauze wire cloth according to the described a kind of stereo froce bearing form work for reinforced concrete of claim 63.

66,, it is characterized in that reinforce (23) is a prestressed reinforcement according to the described a kind of stereo froce bearing form work for reinforced concrete of claim 63.

67, according to the described a kind of stereo froce bearing form work for reinforced concrete of claim 63, the reinforcing bar in it is characterized in that going to the bottom (3) interior reinforcing bar and rod member (5) or the stiffening rib (31) is connected.

68, according to the described a kind of stereo froce bearing form work for reinforced concrete of claim 63, it is characterized in that stiffening rib (31) in the die housing is extended with from sidewall (2) or upper plate (1) on every side reveals anchor rib or reveals net (34) or reveal at least a the rib (35).

69, according to the described a kind of stereo froce bearing form work for reinforced concrete of arbitrary claim in the claim 1 to 30, the face shaping that it is characterized in that formwork is cuboid, square, pentagon body, hexagon body or cylinder.

70,, it is characterized in that upper plate (1) and sidewall (2) on every side are plastic foil, plastic plate, composite membrane, GRC plate, metal crimp template, cement fibrolite plate, cellular board, perspex steel, waterproof board, sawdust board, concrete plate or mortar plate according to the described a kind of stereo froce bearing form work for reinforced concrete of arbitrary claim in the claim 1 to 30.

71,, it is characterized in that upper plate (1) and sidewall (2) on every side are reinforcing bar or steel wire concrete plate according to the described a kind of stereo froce bearing form work for reinforced concrete of claim 70.

72,, it is characterized in that rod member (5) is reinforcing bar mortar bar, steel bar concrete bar, steel pipe, sheetmetal concrete bar, prestressing force bar, ring bar, fiberglass rod, GRC bar, carbon fiber bar, reinforcing bar or plastic bar according to the described a kind of stereo froce bearing form work for reinforced concrete of arbitrary claim in the claim 1 to 30.

73,, it is characterized in that rod member (5) is steel wire webmaster, glass fiber stringing, composite metal-plastic pipe, hollow concrete mortar pipe, reinforcing bar light weight concrete construction enhancement mode pipe or steel pipe concrete pipe according to the described a kind of stereo froce bearing form work for reinforced concrete of arbitrary claim in the claim 1 to 30.

74,, it is characterized in that rod member (5) is a glass reinforced plastic pipe according to the described a kind of stereo froce bearing form work for reinforced concrete of arbitrary claim in the claim 1 to 30.

75,, it is characterized in that rod member (5) is vertical masonry joint metal tube or spirally-seamed metal tubing according to the described a kind of stereo froce bearing form work for reinforced concrete of arbitrary claim in the claim 1 to 30.

76,, it is characterized in that rod member (5) is the tube wall perforated pipe according to the described a kind of stereo froce bearing form work for reinforced concrete of arbitrary claim in the claim 1 to 30.

77,, it is characterized in that formwork is provided with handle (36) according to the described a kind of stereo froce bearing form work for reinforced concrete of arbitrary claim in the claim 1 to 30.

78,, it is characterized in that formwork is provided with at least one in drag hook (37), wire drawing (38), suspender member (39), embedded iron parts (40), deep gouge (41), reserving hole (42), pre-buried conduit (43), junction box (44), water pipe (45) or the air chimney (46) according to the described a kind of stereo froce bearing form work for reinforced concrete of arbitrary claim in the claim 1 to 30.

79, according to the described a kind of stereo froce bearing form work for reinforced concrete of arbitrary claim in the claim 1 to 30, it is characterized in that being provided with in the cavity (4) soundproof course (50) or be filled with light material (51), light material (51) is lightweight concrete or expanded perlite or expanded vermiculite or rock wool or foamed plastics.

80,, it is characterized in that rod member (5) is upper plate (1), the reinforcing rib (17) on sidewall (2) or go to the bottom (3) on every side according to the described a kind of stereo froce bearing form work for reinforced concrete of arbitrary claim in the claim 1 to 30.

81,, wear muscle hole (52) in it is characterized in that going to the bottom (3) according to the described a kind of stereo froce bearing form work for reinforced concrete of arbitrary claim in the claim 1 to 30.

82, a kind of stereo froce bearing form work for reinforced concrete according to claim 24 is characterized in that truss element (6) or truss (10) are rope bar truss.

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