CN100446940C - Asymmetric space 5-degree of freedom series-parallel robot - Google Patents

Asymmetric space 5-degree of freedom series-parallel robot Download PDF

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Publication number
CN100446940C
CN100446940C CNB031442811A CN03144281A CN100446940C CN 100446940 C CN100446940 C CN 100446940C CN B031442811 A CNB031442811 A CN B031442811A CN 03144281 A CN03144281 A CN 03144281A CN 100446940 C CN100446940 C CN 100446940C
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
length adjustment
adjustment device
hinge
moving platform
fixed mount
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Expired - Lifetime
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CNB031442811A
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CN1524662A (en
Inventor
黄田
李曚
李占贤
张大卫
赵学满
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Tianjin University
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Tianjin University
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Priority to CNB031442811A priority Critical patent/CN100446940C/en
Priority to PCT/CN2004/000479 priority patent/WO2005025816A1/en
Publication of CN1524662A publication Critical patent/CN1524662A/en
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Publication of CN100446940C publication Critical patent/CN100446940C/en
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25JMANIPULATORS; CHAMBERS PROVIDED WITH MANIPULATION DEVICES
    • B25J17/00Joints
    • B25J17/02Wrist joints
    • B25J17/0258Two-dimensional joints
    • B25J17/0266Two-dimensional joints comprising more than two actuating or connecting rods
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25JMANIPULATORS; CHAMBERS PROVIDED WITH MANIPULATION DEVICES
    • B25J9/00Programme-controlled manipulators
    • B25J9/003Programme-controlled manipulators having parallel kinematics
    • B25J9/0063Programme-controlled manipulators having parallel kinematics with kinematics chains having an universal joint at the base
    • B25J9/0069Programme-controlled manipulators having parallel kinematics with kinematics chains having an universal joint at the base with kinematics chains of the type universal-prismatic-universal

Abstract

The present invention discloses an unsymmetrical spatial five-freedom parallel series robot which comprises a fixing rack, three length adjustment devices, a movable platform and a positioning head, wherein the upper part of a first length adjustment device is arranged on the fixing rack through a hinge composed of an inner concentric ring and an outer concentric ring. The end of the first length adjustment device is rigidly connected with the movable platform. The upper parts of a second length adjustment device and a third length adjustment device are respectively symmetrically arranged at both sides of one end surface of the fixing rack through hinges composed of two fork-shaped structures; the ends of the second length adjustment device and the third length adjustment device are respectively hinged with the movable platform. The positioning head is connected to the bottom of the movable platform. The present invention has the advantages of modular design, plug and play realization and few motion members, and is capable of reducing the possibility of generating interference among members in the process of moving. End executive members can realize five-freedom movement. The present invention has the characteristics of high speed, high precision, high rigid performance and large workspace.

Description

The Non-symmetric space 5-DOF hybrid robot
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of robot, relate in particular to a kind of asymmetric space series-parallel robot.
Background technology
Known by patent GB2173472 (or EP0200369, US4790718), SE8502327 (or US4732525) and EP0674969 (or US6336375), the structure of the space series-parallel robot of an existing class band positioning head comprises at least three adjusting devices that can elongate or shorten vertically; One end of described adjusting device is anchored on the fixed mount by hinge, and it can be rotated around all directions with respect to fixed mount, and the other end of described adjusting device is connected with positioning head by hinge; Also have an additional passive side chain in this structure, described additional passive side chain is fixedlyed connected with described positioning head, and is connected with fixed mount by hinge, with certain several free degree of restriction positioning head.In this robotlike's structure, all there are passive slip and/or tumbler, the quantity of not only mechanism's complexity, and moving link is more, makes it be easy to produce interference between member in motion process.
Summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention is to overcome the problem that above-mentioned prior art exists, and a kind of characteristics such as high-speed, high accuracy and high rigidity that both can guarantee are provided, and can make the minimum Non-symmetric space 5-DOF hybrid robot of its number of components again.
Non-symmetric space 5-DOF hybrid robot of the present invention comprises fixed mount, first length adjustment device, second length adjustment device, the 3rd length adjustment device, moving platform and positioning head; The middle part of described fixed mount is provided with first hinge, and the top of described first length adjustment device is arranged on the described fixed mount by first hinge, and it is terminal affixed with described moving platform; The bilateral symmetry of an end face of described fixed mount is provided with second, third hinge, the top of described second, third length adjustment device is symmetricly set on the both sides of described this end face of fixed mount respectively by second, third hinge, the end of described second, third length adjustment device is connected with described moving platform by the hinge with three-rotational-freedom respectively; Described positioning head is connected the bottom of described moving platform; Described first, second, third length adjustment device all can elongate or shorten vertically, described first, second, third hinge has at least two rotational freedoms respectively, described positioning head has two rotational freedoms, and the version of described three length adjustment devices is any in motor-leading screw/threaded spline shaft structure, structure of the linear motion actuator, hydraulic pressure or the pneumatic structure.
Described first length adjustment device, by the back side have slotted eye tubular structure, be arranged on the tubular structure top motor, be arranged on the inner and leading screw that is connected with motor output shaft of tubular structure and constitute with feed screw nut that described leading screw forms kinematic pair, described tubular structure outside is provided with two guide rails vertically; Described second, third length adjustment device is made of with the motor that described splined shaft is connected tubular construction, the screwed splined shaft that is positioned at described tubular construction inside and output shaft respectively.
Described first hinge, ring and outer shroud in comprising, described in the ring with outer shroud by about two conllinear rotating shafts be connected, described outer shroud is connected by former and later two conllinear rotating shafts with fixed mount, be symmetrically set with two slide blocks on the inwall of ring in described, two guide rails of tubular structure outside constitute the slippage pair in described slide block and described first length adjustment device; Described second, third hinge is respectively fork configuration, and the front portion of described fork configuration is provided with first rotating shaft that connects the second or the 3rd length adjustment device, and the afterbody of described fork configuration is provided with Connection Bracket and second rotating shaft vertical with first rotating shaft.
Described positioning head is made of module interface and the support frame that is arranged on the module interface bottom, described support frame inside is provided with first motor, and described module interface top is provided with second motor of the output shaft axis normal of its output shaft axis and first motor.
Make described second, third length adjustment device and moving platform realize the centre of motion of two hinges that are connected, the axis of symmetry with respect to moving platform has three kinds of distribution forms, that is: line triangular in shape or the line of two hinges and the intersect vertical axis of moving platform of two hinges coincidence, two hinges and moving platform axis.
The version of described three length adjustment devices also can adopt any in structure of the linear motion actuator, hydraulic structure or the pneumatic structure.
Non-symmetric space 5-DOF hybrid robot of the present invention compared with prior art, its beneficial effect is:
(1) moving link quantity is few, has reduced the complexity of mechanism, has reduced the possibility in interference between components during moving;
(2) have the performance and the big characteristics of working space of high-speed, high accuracy, high rigidity;
(3) modularized design can realize plug and play, but both separate unit independently used, also can some All-China Federation of Taiwan Compatriots the cooperation industry, form the unit and the system of restructural manufacturing or assembling.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a front view of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is a side view of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is a kind of structure of the fixed mount among the present invention 5 and its upper hinge 21,31,41;
Fig. 5 is a kind of structure of first length adjustment device 4 among the present invention;
Fig. 6 is a kind of structure of positioning head 7 among the present invention as the double rotation freedom degrees submodule.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and embodiments the present invention is done to describe in detail.
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, Non-symmetric space 5-DOF hybrid robot of the present invention comprises fixed mount 5, first length adjustment device 4, second length adjustment device 2, the 3rd length adjustment device 3, moving platform 6 and positioning head 7.The top of described first length adjustment device 4 is arranged on the centre of described fixed mount 5 by first hinge 41, and its end and described moving platform 6 are rigidly connected; The top of described second length adjustment device 2 and the 3rd length adjustment device 3 is symmetricly set on the both sides of 5 one end faces of described fixed mount respectively by second hinge 21, the 3rd hinge 31, their end is connected with described moving platform 6 by the hinge 22,32 with three-rotational-freedom respectively; The bottom of described moving platform 6 connects described positioning head 7.
In this mechanism, described first, second, third length adjustment device 4,2,3 all can elongate or shorten vertically, described first, second, third hinge 21,31,41 has at least two rotational freedoms respectively, so that each length adjustment device all can rotate around all directions with respect to fixed mount 5; Being rigidly connected of the end of described first length adjustment device 4 and moving platform 6 makes moving platform 6 when space displacement takes place, and the spatial attitude of its mechanism also changes simultaneously, realizes moving platform 6 positions and mechanism's attitude coupling in the motion process; Positioning head 7 with 2 rotational freedoms can be adjusted the attitude that is caused by its change in location at any time and change in motion process.
For the ease of narrating the direction of each parts rotation, in Fig. 2, Fig. 3, set up reference frame O-xyz, this coordinate system only defines axis direction, and the particular location of initial point O will change with the variation of analytic target.
In Fig. 2, Fig. 3, z axle in the definition coordinate system, the i.e. axis of symmetry 11 of first length adjustment device 4, the centre of motion that further defines hinge 21,31,41 is respectively 21 ', 31 ', 41 ', and the centre of motion of definition hinge 22,32 is respectively 22 ', 32 '.By 21 ', 31 ', 41 ' the determined plane 13, the centre of motion of described hinge 21,31,41 is hinge central plane on the fixed mount 5, and it is vertical with the axis of symmetry 11 of first length adjustment device 4; By 22 ', 32 ' the determined plane 12, the centre of motion of hinge 22,32 is hinge central plane on the moving platform 6, and also the axis of symmetry 11 with first length adjustment device 4 is vertical for it.The intersection point 42 ' on definition axis 11 and plane 12 is if think that first length adjustment device 4 is connected with moving platform 6 by rigid hinge, then puts the center of 42 ' the visual rigid hinge for this reason.
On the hinge central plane 13 of fixed mount 5,21 ', 31 ', the 41 ' distribution triangular in shape of hinge center, its distribution situation is best (do not allow to occur the situation of 2 coincidences or three point on a straight line, otherwise this invention will be converted into the planar robot or take place unusual) with the equilateral triangle; On the hinge central plane 12 of moving platform 6, hinge center 22 ', 32 ' can overlap, also can with the point 42, distribution triangular in shape or three point on a straight line.Shown in Figure 2 is, and hinge center 21 ', 31 ', 41 ' is equilateral triangle distributes, and hinge center 22 ', 32 ' with the situation of putting 42 ' conllinear.This distribution form has guaranteed that the present invention all has very high rigidity in all directions, and it can be applied in the practical operation with the form of putting arbitrarily.
The structure of described three length adjustment devices has two kinds of set-up modes, that is:
(1) second length adjustment device 2, the 3rd length adjustment device 3 and first length adjustment device 4 have same structure;
(2) second length adjustment devices 2 are identical with the 3rd length adjustment device 3 structures, and the structure of first length adjustment device 4 is different with both.
In the present embodiment, because first length adjustment device 4 is rigidly connected with moving platform 6, second length adjustment device 2 and the 3rd length adjustment device 3 are hinged by three-rotational- freedom hinge 22,32 and moving platform 6, thereby act on the most of external force and the moment of face of positioning head 7 or moving platform 6, especially torsional moment will be directly delivered on first length adjustment device 4, thus make first length adjustment device 4 and second, third length adjustment device 2 compare with 3 need be higher torsional rigidity.Therefore,, make three length adjustment devices have same structure, can not guarantee torsional moment is delivered on the frame for movement that is connected with fixed mount 5 effectively if adopt first kind of set-up mode.So, though this setup can be simplified the design and the manufacturing of robot, from the angle of raising complete machine rigidity, and inadvisable.In order to improve complete machine rigidity, present embodiment has adopted second kind of set-up mode, just makes with moving platform 6 rigidly connected first length adjustment devices 4 to have different frame for movement with other two length adjustment devices 2 and 3.As seen from Figure 1, first length adjustment device 4 has bigger radial dimension than first, second two length adjustment devices 2 and 3, simultaneously, to first length adjustment device 4 adopt with its integral body vertically relative fixed frame 5 and the first hinge 41 rigid arm form of sliding realize length adjustment.This setup can make first length adjustment device 4 have external force and moment of face that enough rigidity is born deadweight and produced in actual applications, and guarantees torsional moment is delivered on the frame for movement that fixed mount 5 connected effectively.
The formation of first length adjustment device, 4 (see figure 5)s, comprise motor 43, the back side have the tubular structure 44 of slotted eye, be positioned at tubular structure 44 inside leading screw 45 and with leading screw 45 constitute kinematic pairs and with ring 40 rigidly connected feed screw nuts 46, be provided with two guide rails vertically in the outside of tubular structure 44.Under the driving of motor 43, tubular structure 44 moves vertically together with motor 43, leading screw 45 relative feed screw nuts 46.In addition, bear torsional moment in order to make first length adjustment device 4 (or tubular structure 44) have enough rigidity as previously mentioned, except the external diameter that will make first length adjustment device 4 external diameter greater than second, third length adjustment device 2 and 3, also should make the slotted eye closed at both ends of being opened on the described tubular structure 44, and reinforcement is set at the inwall of tubular structure 44.
Be arranged on first hinge 41 between first length adjustment device 4 and the fixed mount 5, form (see figure 4) by inside and outside two concentric rings 40,50.The internal diameter of ring 40 in the external diameter of first length adjustment device 4 is slightly less than, be symmetrically arranged with two slide blocks on the inwall of ring 40 in described, two guide rails that described slide block and first length adjustment device, 4 external diameters (outside of tubular structure 44) are provided with constitute the slippage pair, make length adjustment device 4 to slide vertically with respect to interior ring 40; Two conllinear rotating shaft 40a, 40b were connected with outer shroud 50 about interior ring 40 passed through, and the length adjustment device 4 of winning can be rotated around the y axle by relative outer shroud 50 of while with interior ring 40; Outer shroud 50 is connected with fixed mount 5 by former and later two conllinear rotating shafts 50a, 50b, and making the length adjustment device 4 and inside and outside two of winning encircle 40,50 can rotate around the x axle by while relative fixed frame 5.So first length adjustment device 4 can rotate around all directions by relative fixed frame 5, and slides vertically, realizes length adjustment.
Second length adjustment device 2 is identical with the structure of the 3rd length adjustment device 3, they comprise tubular construction 24,34 respectively and are positioned at the screwed splined shaft 25,35 of tubular construction 24,34 inside that described splined shaft 25,35 can move relative to tubular construction 24,34 vertically under the driving of motor 23,33.The bilateral symmetry of 5 one end faces of described fixed mount is provided with fork configuration 20,30, described tubular construction 24,34 is the (see figure 4) that is connected with described fork configuration 20,30 of the first rotating shaft 20a, the 30a by fork configuration 20,30 front portions respectively, makes second length adjustment device 2 and the 3rd length adjustment device 3 can distinguish relative fork configuration 20,30 and rotates around the y axle; Described fork configuration 20,30 links to each other with fixed mount 5 by the second rotating shaft 20b, the 30b of its afterbody, thereby second length adjustment device 2 and the 3rd length adjustment device 3 can be rotated around the x axle with 20,30 while of fork configuration relative fixed frame 5 again.So, the rotation that second length adjustment device 2 and the 3rd length adjustment device 3 relative fixed framves 5 are realized around all directions.The fork configuration 20,30 that has two vertical rotation axis constitutes second, third hinge 21,31 that second length adjustment device 2 and the 3rd length adjustment device 3 are connected with fixed mount 5.
In the present embodiment, the version of three length adjustment devices has adopted motor-leading screw/threaded spline shaft structure.Under certain conditions, also can adopt in structure of the linear motion actuator, hydraulic structure or the pneumatic structure any as its constituted mode.
Described positioning head 7 (see figure 6)s design for submodule, and it is made of orthogonal two motors 71,72 of output shaft axis, module interface 70 and support frame 73.Described positioning head 7 links to each other with moving platform 6 by interface 70, and makes motor 71 be positioned at the inside of moving platform 6 just and invisible.72 in motor is positioned among the framework 73, co-rotation under the driving of motor 71.Change in order to make positioning head 7 can adjust the attitude that the change in location by moving platform 6 causes, end effector should be installed perpendicular to the direction of motor 72 output shaft axis.So far, described positioning head 7 had around the z axle and on the x-y plane two rotational freedoms of a straight line.
The centre of motion of two hinges 22,32 between described moving platform 6 and second, third length adjustment device 2 and 3 has three kinds of distribution forms with respect to the axis of symmetry (also being the axis of symmetry 11 of first length adjustment device 4) of moving platform 6:
The centre of motion of (1) two hinge overlaps;
The centre of motion of (2) two hinges lays respectively at the both sides of the above-mentioned axis of symmetry 11;
The centre of motion of (3) two hinges is positioned at other position.
When distribution form was (3), the centre of motion of two hinges 22,32 was with respect to the axis of symmetry (axis of symmetry 11 of the above-mentioned first length adjustment device 4) distribution triangular in shape of moving platform 6.
In sum, Non-symmetric space 5-DOF hybrid robot of the present invention is modularized design, it comprises three length adjustment devices that can elongate or shorten vertically, the top of each length adjustment device is respectively by having hinge 21,31,41 Connection Brackets 5 of double rotation freedom degrees at least, and the connected mode of their end and moving platform 6 is: first length adjustment device 4 is affixed with moving platform 6, and second, third length adjustment device 2,3 is hinged by hinge 22,32 and moving platform 6 with three-rotational-freedom respectively.This setup can be rotated first length adjustment device 4 with respect to fixed mount 5, and is slided vertically, the rotation that second length adjustment device 2 and the 3rd length adjustment device 3 are realized around all directions with respect to fixed mount 5 around all directions; Owing on the described moving platform 6 positioning head 7 with 2 rotational freedoms has been installed again, so end effector can be realized the 5DOF motion.
Because the present invention is modularized design, can by the mechanical interface on the fixed mount 5 and fixing gantry structure, greatly apart from or wide-angle feed mechanism and movable machine frame be connected use, also some playscripts with stage directions can be invented described robot and be installed in integration of operation on the same fixed structure.
The present invention compared with prior art has following advantage:
(1) reduced the quantity of moving link, reduced the complexity of mechanism, that has reduced simultaneously also that its member interferes phenomenon in motion process may;
(2) have the performance and the big characteristics of working space of high-speed, high accuracy, high rigidity, in some applications, can play the effect of Digit Control Machine Tool or machining center;
(3) modularized design can make it be connected with other mechanisms by fixed mount or makes up, and realizes plug and play;
(4) modularized design not only can independently be used by separate unit it, again can some All-China Federation of Taiwan Compatriots the cooperation industry, form the unit and the system of reconstruct manufacturing or assembling.
More than be schematically to the description of the present invention and embodiment thereof, do not have restricted, also one of the embodiments of the present invention just shown in the accompanying drawing, practical structure is not limited thereto.So, if those of ordinary skill in the art is enlightened by it, under the situation that does not break away from the invention aim, adopt the frame mode of other length adjustment devices, hinge and positioning head to make other embodiment, all should belong to protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. a Non-symmetric space 5-DOF hybrid robot comprises fixed mount, first length adjustment device, second length adjustment device, the 3rd length adjustment device, moving platform and positioning head; It is characterized in that: the middle part of described fixed mount is provided with first hinge, and the top of described first length adjustment device is arranged on the described fixed mount by first hinge, and it is terminal affixed with described moving platform; The bilateral symmetry of an end face of described fixed mount is provided with second, third hinge, the top of described second, third length adjustment device is symmetricly set on the both sides of described this end face of fixed mount respectively by second, third hinge, the end of described second, third length adjustment device is connected with described moving platform by the hinge with three-rotational-freedom respectively; Described positioning head is connected the bottom of described moving platform; Described first, second, third length adjustment device all can elongate or shorten vertically, described first, second, third hinge has at least two rotational freedoms respectively, described positioning head has two rotational freedoms, and the version of described three length adjustment devices is any in motor one leading screw/threaded spline shaft structure, structure of the linear motion actuator, hydraulic pressure or the pneumatic structure.
2. a kind of Non-symmetric space 5-DOF hybrid robot according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described first length adjustment device, by the back side have slotted eye tubular structure, be arranged on the tubular structure top motor, be arranged on the inner and leading screw that is connected with motor output shaft of tubular structure and constitute with feed screw nut that described leading screw forms kinematic pair, described tubular structure outside is provided with two guide rails vertically.
3. a kind of Non-symmetric space 5-DOF hybrid robot according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described second length adjustment device is made of with the motor that described splined shaft is connected tubular construction, the screwed splined shaft that is positioned at described tubular construction inside and output shaft.
4. a kind of Non-symmetric space 5-DOF hybrid robot according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described first hinge, ring and outer shroud in comprising, described in the ring with outer shroud by about two conllinear rotating shafts be connected, described outer shroud is connected by former and later two conllinear rotating shafts with fixed mount, be symmetrically set with two slide blocks on the inwall of ring in described, two guide rails of tubular structure outside constitute the slippage pair in described slide block and described first length adjustment device.
5. a kind of Non-symmetric space 5-DOF hybrid robot according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described second hinge is a fork configuration, the front portion of described fork configuration is provided with first rotating shaft that connects second length adjustment device, and its afterbody is provided with Connection Bracket and second rotating shaft vertical with first rotating shaft.
6. a kind of Non-symmetric space 5-DOF hybrid robot according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described the 3rd hinge is a fork configuration, the front portion of described fork configuration is provided with first rotating shaft that connects the 3rd length adjustment device, and the afterbody of described fork configuration is provided with Connection Bracket and second rotating shaft vertical with first rotating shaft.
7. a kind of Non-symmetric space 5-DOF hybrid robot according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described positioning head is made of module interface and the support frame that is arranged on the module interface bottom, described support frame inside is provided with first motor, and described module interface top is provided with second motor of the output shaft axis normal of its output shaft axis and first motor.
8. a kind of Non-symmetric space 5-DOF hybrid robot according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: make described second, third length adjustment device and moving platform realize the centre of motion of two hinges being connected, following three kinds of distribution forms are arranged with respect to the axis of symmetry of moving platform:
The centre of motion of (1) two hinge overlaps;
The line of (2) two hinge movement centers and moving platform axis is triangular in shape;
The line at (3) two hinge movement centers and the intersect vertical axis of moving platform.
CNB031442811A 2003-09-16 2003-09-16 Asymmetric space 5-degree of freedom series-parallel robot Expired - Lifetime CN100446940C (en)

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CNB031442811A CN100446940C (en) 2003-09-16 2003-09-16 Asymmetric space 5-degree of freedom series-parallel robot
PCT/CN2004/000479 WO2005025816A1 (en) 2003-09-16 2004-05-14 A robot with five-freedom mix couple structure

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