CN100473855C - 双列滚动轴承 - Google Patents

双列滚动轴承 Download PDF

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CN100473855C
CN100473855C CNB2005800036515A CN200580003651A CN100473855C CN 100473855 C CN100473855 C CN 100473855C CN B2005800036515 A CNB2005800036515 A CN B2005800036515A CN 200580003651 A CN200580003651 A CN 200580003651A CN 100473855 C CN100473855 C CN 100473855C
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rolling element
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bearing
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CN1914430A (zh
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W·弗里德尔
J·沙塔
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C19/00—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C19/02—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows
    • F16C19/14—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load
    • F16C19/18—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of balls
    • F16C19/181—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of balls with angular contact
    • F16C19/183—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of balls with angular contact with two rows at opposite angles
    • F16C19/184—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of balls with angular contact with two rows at opposite angles in O-arrangement
    • F16C19/185—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of balls with angular contact with two rows at opposite angles in O-arrangement with two raceways provided integrally on a part other than a race ring, e.g. a shaft or housing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C19/00—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C19/50—Other types of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C19/505—Other types of ball or roller bearings with the diameter of the rolling elements of one row differing from the diameter of those of another row
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/30—Parts of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/303—Parts of ball or roller bearings of hybrid bearings, e.g. rolling bearings with steel races and ceramic rolling elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/30—Parts of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/32—Balls
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2240/00—Specified values or numerical ranges of parameters; Relations between them
    • F16C2240/30—Angles, e.g. inclinations
    • F16C2240/34—Contact angles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2240/00—Specified values or numerical ranges of parameters; Relations between them
    • F16C2240/40—Linear dimensions, e.g. length, radius, thickness, gap
    • F16C2240/70—Diameters; Radii
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2240/00—Specified values or numerical ranges of parameters; Relations between them
    • F16C2240/40—Linear dimensions, e.g. length, radius, thickness, gap
    • F16C2240/70—Diameters; Radii
    • F16C2240/80—Pitch circle diameters [PCD]
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2300/00—Application independent of particular apparatuses
    • F16C2300/20—Application independent of particular apparatuses related to type of movement
    • F16C2300/22—High-speed rotation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2300/00—Application independent of particular apparatuses
    • F16C2300/40—Application independent of particular apparatuses related to environment, i.e. operating conditions
    • F16C2300/54—Application independent of particular apparatuses related to environment, i.e. operating conditions high-temperature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2326/00—Articles relating to transporting
    • F16C2326/20—Land vehicles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2361/00—Apparatus or articles in engineering in general
    • F16C2361/61—Toothed gear systems, e.g. support of pinion shafts

Abstract

本发明涉及一种双列滚动轴承(1)，包括一个整体式轴承环(2)与一个在轴向上构成为两件式的轴承环(3)，以及安装在二者之间的滚动体(4，5)，其中第一列滚动轴承(6)的滚动体(4)有第一直径(d1)，第二列滚动轴承(7)的滚动体(5)有第二直径(d2)，此第二直径不同于第一列滚动轴承(6)的滚动体(4)的直径(d1)，滚动体(4，5)由陶瓷材料制成，第一滚动体列(6)的接触角(α1)不同于第二滚动体列(7)的接触角(α2)。

Description

双列滚动轴承
技术领域
本发明涉及一种双列滚动轴承，其是一传动系统的组成部分，这种传动系统运行过程中产生高转速、高温，该双列滚动轴承包括一个整体式的轴承环与一个在轴向上构成为两件式的轴承环，以及安装在二者之间的滚动体，其中第一列滚动轴承的滚动体具有一第一直径，第二列滚动轴承的滚动体具有一第二直径，此第二直径不同于第一列滚动轴承的滚动体的直径。
背景技术
此类滚动轴承例如在GB 152 018中有描述。此种构造形式的轴承例如被安装在高速机动车辆即跑车上。尤其是跑车的传动轴用此类轴承固定。因为此处对轴承转速与强度要求很高，有时轴承被设置成四点支撑，但是这样就限制了能够被传递的力。在相应地高负载、高转速时，已知的滚动轴承很快就到达它们的极限。
发明内容
本发明的任务在于，改善一种在开头提及的类型的滚动轴承，使其适用于承受在高转速时产生的力，正如尤其是在跑车传动中产生的力。
通过本发明，上述任务的解决方案的特征在于，所述滚动轴承设计成角接触球轴承，并且两个滚动体列的滚动体都由陶瓷材料制成，其中一个滚动体列的接触角不同于另一个滚动体列的接触角。
优选地，轴承外环是整体式轴承环，内环是两件式的轴承环。
证明合适的是，一个滚动体列的接触角值保持在5°至35°之间。而另一个滚动体列的接触角优选地设置在10°至60°之间。
从所述的在跑车上的应用中已知，轴承外环优选地配置一个整体成形的法兰。所述法兰的轴向位置可以设置在滚动体之一的高度位置上。
为了优化对轴承的润滑剂供应，根据进一步的构造进行这样设计，即在两件式轴承环的端面接触区域内设置润滑剂孔。另外还可以设置成，即轴承外环设有润滑剂通孔尤其是润滑剂钻孔。
优选地给滚动体列设计保持架，保持架在至少一个轴承环的轴肩上引导。优选地，保持架在两件式轴承环的轴肩上引导。证明合适的是，保持架的材料为塑料，优选为聚醚醚酮(PEEK)。
滚动体优选地设计成球体。在此情况下轴承采取角接触球轴承的构造形式。
推荐的滚动轴承优选地作为传动装置一部分，所述传动装置尤其在跑车上运行时具有高转速和高温。
根据本发明的建议提供一个滚动轴承，其在极端的条件下仍保持优越的运行性能与相对长的寿命。所述轴承优选地应用在跑车的传动系统中，在这种传动系统中在高转速、高运行温度的情况下会产生非常大的力。
附图说明
在附图中示出本发明的一个实施例。其中：
图1一个双列滚动轴承的径向剖视图(根据图2中的线A-B的剖面图)；
图2所述轴承的侧视图。
具体实施方式
图中所示滚动轴承1包括一个整体式轴承环即外环2与一个两件式轴承环即内环3。由陶瓷材料制成的球形轴承体4或者5安装在外环2与(两件式)内环3之间。滚动体中此类陶瓷滚动体在现有技术中是已知的。滚动体4或5分别组成滚动体列6或7。
图中滚动轴承1构造成角接触球轴承。滚动体4、5与其各自在轴承环2，3中轨道的接触区域与径向呈一个角度。两个滚动体列6和7的接触角分别用α1或α2标示。第一滚动体列6的接触角α1位于5°至35°之间。而第二个滚动体列7的接触角位于10°至60°之间。
接着可以看到，在两个滚动体列6和7中应用了具有不同直径d1或d2的滚动体4、5。第一滚动体列6的直径d1明显小于第二滚动体列7的直径d2；d1优选地处于直径d2的50％至80％之间。
两个滚动体列6和7的节圆不同。第一滚动体列6的节圆小于第二滚动体列7的节圆。优选地，第一滚动体列6的节圆半径取第二滚动体列7节圆半径的85％至95％。
如继续在图中看到的，外环2如此设计，即其径向外轮廓过渡到设有一定数量通孔的法兰8，借助所述通孔将外环2固定在一个机器部件上。法兰8的轴向位置正好位于第一滚动体6的高度位置。
两个内环3的端面9在彼此紧邻侧相互对置。很明显的是，此处设置一个润滑剂孔10，借助所述润滑剂孔使得向滚动体4、5与轨道之间的接触区域供应润滑剂成为可能。
两个滚动体列6、7也以已知的方式包括保持架11。保持架由塑料优选由塑料材料PEEK制成。两个内环3分别包括一个轴肩12，保持架11贴靠在轴肩上并被引导。
滚动体4或5与其在轴承环2、3中的轨道的接触程度以已知方式如此选择，即产生一个摩擦较小的运动。此原则也适用于两个滚动体列轴承间隙的选择。

Claims (12)

1.一种双列滚动轴承(1)，其是一传动系统的组成部分，这种传动系统运行过程中产生高转速、高温，该双列滚动轴承包括：
一整体式的轴承环(2)和
一在轴向上构成为两件式的轴承环(3)以及
设置在所述整体式的轴承环(2)和所述两件式的轴承环(3)之间的滚动体(4，5)，
其中第一滚动体列(6)的滚动体(4)具有一第一直径(d1)，第二滚动体列(7)的滚动体(5)具有一第二直径(d2)，此第二直径与第一滚动体列(6)的滚动体(4)的第一直径(d1)不同，其特征在于，所述滚动轴承设计成角接触球轴承，并且滚动体(4，5)是球体并且由陶瓷材料制成，第一滚动体列(6)的接触角(α1)不同于第二滚动体列(7)的接触角(α2)，并且这第一滚动体列(6)和第二滚动体列(7)的节圆不同。
2.按照权利要求1所述的滚动轴承，其特征在于，所述整体式的轴承环(2)是滚动轴承(1)的外环，所述两件式的轴承环(3)是滚动轴承(1)的内环。
3.按照权利要求1或2所述的滚动轴承，其特征在于，第一滚动体列(6)的接触角(α1)位于5°至35°之间。
4.按照权利要求1或2所述的滚动轴承，其特征在于，第二滚动体列(7)的接触角位于10°至60°之间。
5.按照权利要求2所述的滚动轴承，其特征在于，所述整体式的轴承环(2)具有一个整体成形的法兰(8)。
6.按照权利要求5的滚动轴承，其特征在于，法兰(8)的轴向位置设置在第一滚动体列(6)和第二滚动体列(7)之一的高度。
7.按照权利要求1或2所述的滚动轴承，其特征在于，在两件式轴承环(3)的端面(9)的接触区域内设置润滑剂孔(10)。
8.按照权利要求1或2所述的滚动轴承，其特征在于，所述整体式的轴承环(2)设有润滑剂通孔。
9.按照权利要求1或2所述的滚动轴承，其特征在于，第一滚动体列和第二滚动体列具有保持架(11)，所述保持架在整体式的轴承环(2)和两件式轴承环(3)其中至少之一的轴肩(12)上引导。
10.按照权利要求9的滚动轴承，其特征在于，保持架(11)在两件式轴承环(3)的轴肩(12)上引导。
11.按照权利要求9所述的滚动轴承，其特征在于，保持架(11)由塑料制成。
12.按照权利要求1或2所述的滚动轴承，其特征在于，滚动轴承用在跑车上。
CNB2005800036515A 2004-01-31 2005-01-27 双列滚动轴承 Expired - Fee Related CN100473855C (zh)

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US20070242914A1 (en) 2007-10-18
EP1709338B1 (de) 2014-01-08
US7775722B2 (en) 2010-08-17
WO2005073573A1 (de) 2005-08-11
CA2553650A1 (en) 2005-08-11
DE202004001454U1 (de) 2004-04-01
BRPI0506573A (pt) 2007-04-10
AU2005208034A1 (en) 2005-08-11

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