CN100536226C - Non-symmetric structure grid velocity compensation method and velocity compensation-type bending coplane waveguide - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a speed compensation method for asymmetric structure grid, which employs the regular gate structure and deformation gate structure which periodically or quasi-periodically change in different slot width along axes as basic slow--wave structure to calculate the length and period of the gate structure. The slot having shorter route on discontinuous coplanar waveguide is set as gate structure according to the length and period of the gate structure. For speed compensation bending coplanar waveguide, the outer slot structure thereof is no changed, and the inner slot width periodically changes along axes to form grid; The slot of the bending waveguide having shorter route is made into a slot with gate structure thereby slowing the propagation speed of the electromagnetic wave on the route, thus, the phases of the two route become similar after passing the bending structure, then the signal can keep synchronization in time. The structure can be directly executed grid processing on the floor of the coplanar waveguide and the signal line, so can be directly achieved in the procedure for making the coplanar waveguide without increasing original circuit volume, thus, is fit for batch production of printed circuit.

Description

The crooked co-planar waveguide of compensation method of unsymmetric structure grid velocity and velocity compensation type

Technical field

The present invention relates to the crooked co-planar waveguide of compensation method of unsymmetric structure grid velocity and velocity compensation type, belong to the microwave technical field in the Electronics Science and Technology.

Background technology

Co-planar waveguide has the connection in series-parallel of being easy to, low radiation, low chromatic dispersion and is convenient to advantages such as integrated, so be widely used in the monolithic integrated microwave circuit.But because coplanar waveguide structure comprises two slits as transmission path, when coplanar waveguide structure is crooked, the situation that two gap lengths do not wait will appear, so electromagnetic wave phase difference can occur by after two slits, it is no longer synchronous to show as two signals in the slit in time, thereby the phenomenon such as chromatic dispersion, broadening of bigger reflection of electromagnetic wave, radiation, signal occurs, be unfavorable for the transmission of energy, the integrality of signal also is damaged.Discontinuous coplanar waveguide structure commonly used has: warp architecture, T type structure, hierarchic structure etc.Electromagnetic wave transmits in these structures all above-mentioned phenomenon can occur.So how these structures are improved and are become the problem that researcher falls over each other to study.

In research process, the someone has proposed to set up at the two ends in knee the method for air bridges, and this method has obtained using widely in microwave circuits.Its principle is two floors of co-planar waveguide to be coupled together with air bridges at the two ends of discontinuous construction respectively to make that the electromagnetic wave phase place is identical, signal Synchronization.But because the air bridges of being set up and co-planar waveguide be or not same plane, so, on manufacture craft, having increased the operation of setting up air bridges, cost is increase to some extent also, and the increase of volume causes integrated level to descend to some extent from integrated angle.

Summary of the invention

In order to overcome the deficiency of prior art and structure, the present invention proposes the compensation method of unsymmetric structure grid velocity, and proposed a kind of velocity compensation grid structure of asymmetric co-planar waveguide on this basis.The function of this structure is, by electromagnetic wave propagation speed in the shorter slit on the crooked co-planar waveguide that slows down, utilize speed difference compensation space path length difference, make electromagnetic wave homophase after in two slits through the knee, show as signal Synchronization output on time, thus avoid because of the electromagnetic wave in two slits and signal can not homophase and export problems such as caused reflection, radiation, chromatic dispersion, broadening synchronously.This structure and co-planar waveguide are in same plane, with co-planar waveguide design and being made into one, help the integrated and miniaturization of circuit, reduce manufacturing process, reduce manufacturing cost.Can be used in the microwave circuit and microwave integrated circuit of various electronic equipments.

The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: in order to address the above problem, the present invention proposes the grid structure speed compensation method that can be used for asymmetric co-planar waveguide, and various basic grid structures are proposed, calculated the speed change parameter of these basic grid structures.Simultaneously, the present invention is based on above method and proposed the concrete structure of the crooked co-planar waveguide of velocity compensation type, these structures that show experiment and software emulation electromagnetic wave propagation speed in slit of co-planar waveguide that can effectively slow down, make output electromagnetic wave homophase, signal Synchronization, and change its structural parameters and can reach different slow wave effects.

The compensation method of unsymmetric structure grid velocity may further comprise the steps;

(1) selects suitable grid structure from table 1, calculate the grid structure length, calculate the grid structural cycle according to formula (3) again according to formula (1), (2).

(2) be set to slit according to the short slit of grid structure length and discontinuous co-planar waveguide upper pathway of cycle with the grid structure.

The crooked co-planar waveguide of velocity compensation type, its version comprises: the asymmetric co-planar waveguide of various distortion of the crooked co-planar waveguide of rectangular grid velocity compensation type, the crooked co-planar waveguide of distorted lattice velocity compensation type and grid velocity compensation class.

1) the crooked coplanar waveguide structure of rectangular grid velocity compensation type is: the external latasuture gap structure is constant on the crooked co-planar waveguide, and inboard gap width does cyclic variation vertically or quasi periodicity changes, and forms rectangular grid.

2) the crooked coplanar waveguide structure of distorted lattice velocity compensation type is: the external latasuture gap structure is constant on the crooked co-planar waveguide, and inboard gap width does cyclic variation vertically or quasi periodicity changes, and forms the rectangular grid of distortion, as arc line type grid or the like.

3) the asymmetric coplanar waveguide structure of various distortion of grid velocity compensation class is: the external latasuture gap structure is constant on the crooked co-planar waveguide, inboard slit and grid structure and above-mentioned 1), 2) described in slit and grid structure identical, but the shape of the sweep of co-planar waveguide changes, as becoming 90 ° of camber line shapes bending or the like by 90 ° of right-angle bendings.

Beneficial effect of the present invention; Design the grid structure of co-planar waveguide according to actual demand.The proposition of this structure is exactly in order to solve the problem of above-mentioned discontinuous co-planar waveguide path length difference, its principle is by the slit than short path of curved waveguide being made into the slit of band grid structure, electromagnetic propagation velocity on this path can slow down, thereby make through the phase place on two paths after the warp architecture identically, it is synchronous that signal keeps in time.Again because this structure is directly to do palisade on the floor of co-planar waveguide and holding wire to handle, so not only can in the operation of making co-planar waveguide, directly finish, thereby minimizing operation, reduce cost, nor can increase the volume of primary circuit, be suitable for the production in enormous quantities of printed circuit technique.

Description of drawings

Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples invention is further specified.

The structure and the parameter of Fig. 1 co-planar waveguide grid structure;

The structure and the parameter of 0 ° of crooked co-planar waveguide grid structure of Figure 29;

Fig. 3 is used for the deformation gate structure of the crooked co-planar waveguide of 90 ° of camber line shapes;

Fig. 4 grid structure type is the current density on 90 ° of crooked co-planar waveguides of A1;

Fig. 5 grid structure type is the electric current distribution on 90 ° of crooked co-planar waveguides of C3

Fig. 6 grid structure type is the electric current distribution on 90 ° of crooked co-planar waveguides of D2;

Fig. 7 grid structure type is the electric current distribution on 90 ° of crooked co-planar waveguides of D3;

Fig. 8 grid structure type is the S of 90 ° of crooked co-planar waveguides of A1, C3, D2 and D3 ₁₁Amplitude;

Fig. 9 grid structure type is the S of 90 ° of crooked co-planar waveguides of A1, C3, D2 and D3 ₂₁Amplitude;

Figure 10 grid structure type is the schematic diagram of A1;

Figure 11 grid structure type is the schematic diagram of B1;

Figure 12 grid structure type is the schematic diagram of B2;

Figure 13 grid structure type is the schematic diagram of B3;

Figure 14 grid structure type is the schematic diagram of B4;

Figure 15 grid structure type is the schematic diagram of C1;

Figure 16 grid structure type is the schematic diagram of C2;

Figure 17 grid structure type is the schematic diagram of C3;

Figure 18 grid structure type is the schematic diagram of C4;

Figure 19 grid structure type is the schematic diagram of D1;

Figure 20 grid structure type is the schematic diagram of D2;

Figure 21 grid structure type is the schematic diagram of D3;

Figure 22 grid structure type is the schematic diagram of D4.

Embodiment

Embodiment 1: as shown in Figure 1, Fig. 1 has provided the structure and the parameter of co-planar waveguide grid structures.Can obtain different co-planar waveguide grid structures by changing its structural parameters.K as shown in Figure 1 ₁And k ₂Be respectively electromagnetic wave in non-grid structure and the structural propagation constant of grid, to the change of propagation velocity of electromagnetic wave and the change effect of understanding different structure, calculated k on different grid structures under two kinds of operating frequencies with simulation software in order to prove the grid structure ₂With k on the non-grid structure ₁Ratio, as shown in table 1.Concrete structure is provided with as follows: w _c=0.25mm, w _g=1mm, w _s=0.1mm, t=0.0625mm, ε _r=12.9, Z _c=50 Ω.Wherein, Z _cIt is the characteristic impedance of co-planar waveguide.K as can be known from table ₂/ k ₁All, illustrate that the grid structure has the slow wave effect really greater than 1.

The propagation constant ratio of the different grid structures of table 1

Annotate: k ₀It is the propagation constant in the vacuum.

Model	The type of grid structure	Structural parameters	k 2/k 1 (20G/30G)	k 1/k 0 (20G/30G)
					A1	See Figure 10			2.648/ 2.673
B1	See Figure 11	h＝w s d＝h p＝2h	1.073/ 1.070
					B2	See Figure 12	h＝w s d＝h/2 p＝2h	1.089/ 1.086

B3	See Figure 13	h＝w s d＝h/2 p＝h	1.108/ 1.110
					B4	See Figure 14	h＝w s/2 d＝h/2 p＝2h	1.060/ 1.057
C1	See Figure 15	h＝w s d＝h p＝2h	1.122/ 1.121
					C2	See Figure 16	h＝w s d＝h/2 p＝2h	1.121/ 1.125

C3	See Figure 17	h＝w s d＝h/2 p＝h	1.154/ 1.143
					C4	See Figure 18	h＝w s/2 d＝h/2 p＝2h	1.084/ 1.074
D1	See Figure 19	h＝w s/2 d＝h/2 p＝h	1.177/
					D2	See Figure 20	h＝3w s/4 d＝h/2 p＝w s	1.237/

D3	See Figure 21	h＝w s/2 d＝h/2 p＝w s	1.139/ 1.136
					D4	See Figure 22	h＝w s/2 d＝h p＝2h	1.110/ 1.109

Embodiment 2: as shown in Figure 2, and the crooked co-planar waveguide of rectangular grid velocity compensation type.

When the grid structure in the table 1 specifically is applied to discontinuous co-planar waveguide, should be set to the grid structure in the short slit of co-planar waveguide upper pathway.With 90 ° of crooked co-planar waveguides is that example illustrates concrete execution mode, because the path in slit, the outside is greater than inboard slit, so should be made into the grid structure to the slit of inboard.Fig. 2 has provided the structure and the parameter of 90 ° of crooked co-planar waveguide grid structures.

Formula (1), (2) have provided the computing formula (parameter is as shown in Table 1 in the formula) of definite gate length:

k ₂S＝k ₁(S+ΔS)(1)

$S=\frac{\mathrm{\ΔS}}{\frac{k_2}{k_1}-1}---\left(2\right)$

In addition, give the formula that calculates grid cycle, as the formula (3).Grid cycle must satisfy this formula, otherwise the grid structure can produce bigger radiation, is unfavorable for the transmission of energy.

$p=\frac{c}{f(\sqrt{{\mathrm{\ϵ}}_{\mathrm{re}}}+1)}---\left(3\right)$

Wherein, c is the light velocity, ε _ReBe effective dielectric constant, f is the highest frequency of frequency band.

For the slow wave effect that illustrates that vividerly the grid structure is played, utilize gate length formula (1), (2) to calculate the length of A1, C3, D2 and D3 (shown in the table 1) class grid structure, and carry out emulation with software respectively, obtained this four kinds of structural current density distributing figures.Fig. 4-Fig. 7 has provided distribution of current density on 90 ° of crooked co-planar waveguides that the grid structure type is A1, C3, D2 and D3 respectively.From these four figure as can be seen, grid structure type C3, D2, D3 compare with A1, and the former three propagation velocity on the inboard slit that slowed down makes electromagnetic wave keep synchronously through phase place after the right-angle bending.

Embodiment 3: as shown in Figure 3, and the crooked coplanar waveguide structure of 90 ° of camber line shapes of distorted lattice velocity compensation type.

Because this structure is camber line shape in the knee,, form distorted lattice so corresponding variation also takes place the grid structure.

Numerical result

Is that 90 ° of crooked co-planar waveguides of A1, C3, D2 and D3 carry out analytical calculation with simulation software to the grid structure type, obtains some numerical results.Concrete structure is provided with as follows: L=7.65mm; C3:S=4.7mm; D2:S=3.1mm; D3:S=4.925.Other structural parameters are as shown in table 1.Fig. 8, Fig. 9 have provided the S of these four kinds of structures respectively ₁₁, S ₂₁The amplitude of parameter is with the variation relation of frequency.Grid structure type C3, D2, D3 compare reflection coefficient S with A1 as can be known by Fig. 8, Fig. 9 ₁₁Reduced transmission coefficient S ₂₁The zone higher in frequency increased, and the transmission performance of using the grid structure can improve discontinuous co-planar waveguide is described.

Claims (2)

1. unsymmetric structure grid velocity compensation method, it is characterized in that: make regular grid structure that cyclic variation or quasi periodicity change and deformation gate structure vertically as slow wave structure substantially with various gap widths, determine the length of grid structure according to formula (1), (2); Calculate the grid structural cycle according to formula (3);

Be set to the grid structure according to grid structure length and the short slit of crooked co-planar waveguide upper pathway of cycle;

Formula (1) k ₂S=k ₁(S+ Δ S)

Formula (2) $S=\frac{\mathrm{\ΔS}}{\frac{k_2}{k_1}-1}$

Formula (3) $p=\frac{c}{f(\sqrt{{\mathrm{\ϵ}}_{\mathrm{re}}}+1)}$

In the above-mentioned formula, Δ S is the length difference in two slits of crooked co-planar waveguide, k ₁For traditional structure is not with electromagnetic wave propagation constant in the grid structure slit, k ₂Be electromagnetic wave propagation constant in the band grid structure slit, S is the total length of grid structure, and p is the grid structural cycle, and c is the light velocity, ε _ReBe the effective dielectric constant at place, band grid structure slit, f is the highest frequency in the co-planar waveguide transmission signals frequency spectrum.

2. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the longer external latasuture gap structure on the crooked co-planar waveguide is constant, and short inboard slit is set to the grid structure.

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