CN101031254A - 包括具有轴向弯曲部的支杆的可移除腔静脉过滤器 - Google Patents

包括具有轴向弯曲部的支杆的可移除腔静脉过滤器 Download PDF

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CN101031254A
CN101031254A CNA2005800326876A CN200580032687A CN101031254A CN 101031254 A CN101031254 A CN 101031254A CN A2005800326876 A CNA2005800326876 A CN A2005800326876A CN 200580032687 A CN200580032687 A CN 200580032687A CN 101031254 A CN101031254 A CN 101031254A
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filter
main strut
longitudinal axis
blood vessel
removable filter
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CN101031254B (zh
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佩尔·亨克里克森
阿尔内·莫尔加德-尼尔森
托马斯·A·奥斯本
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Cook Inc
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/01Filters implantable into blood vessels
    • A61F2/0105Open ended, i.e. legs gathered only at one side
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/01Filters implantable into blood vessels
    • A61F2/0103With centering means
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/01Filters implantable into blood vessels
    • A61F2002/016Filters implantable into blood vessels made from wire-like elements
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2230/00Geometry of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
    • A61F2230/0002Two-dimensional shapes, e.g. cross-sections
    • A61F2230/0028Shapes in the form of latin or greek characters
    • A61F2230/005Rosette-shaped, e.g. star-shaped
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2230/00Geometry of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
    • A61F2230/0063Three-dimensional shapes
    • A61F2230/0073Quadric-shaped
    • A61F2230/008Quadric-shaped paraboloidal

Abstract

本发明披露了一种可移除腔静脉过滤器,其被构造用于简化向患者的腔静脉的递送和从患者的腔静脉取回。在一个具体实施方式中,该过滤器包括多个主支杆(12),其具有沿着纵轴连接在一起的第一端。该主支杆在递送至血管期间的闭合状态和在与血管接合时的打开状态之间是可活动的。每一个主支杆包括第一部分(20)、第二部分(23)、以及轴向弯曲部(25)。第一部分从第一端延伸并且通常被设置在与纵轴相交的第一部分的平面内。轴向弯曲部沿着相对于纵轴的圆周方向被定向。第二部分通常被设置在与第一部分的平面相交的第二部分的平面内并终止于锚形钩(A)。

Description

包括具有轴向弯曲部的支杆的可移除腔静脉过滤器
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求于2004年9月27日提交的题为“REMOVABLEVENA CAVA FILTER HAVING STRUTS LONGITUDINALLYANGLED FOR CONSISTENT ORIENTATION IN COLLAPSEDCONFIGURATION”的序列号为60/613,963的美国临时申请的优先权,其全部内容结合于此作为参考。
技术领域
本发明涉及医疗装置。更具体地,本发明涉及一种可移除腔静脉凝块过滤器,其可经皮地被置入患者的腔静脉中并可从患者的腔静脉取回。
背景技术
可经皮地置入腔静脉中的过滤装置已使用超过三十年的时间。在外伤患者、整形手术患者、神经外科患者、或患有需要卧床休息或不能活动的(内科)疾病的患者中对于过滤装置的需求增加。在这样的疾病期间,对于过滤装置的需求增加是因为在血栓块离开血管壁的患者的周围脉管系统中的血栓症带来下游栓塞或栓塞现象危险的可能性。例如,取决于大小,这样的血栓块造成肺栓塞的严重危险,其中血凝块从周围脉管系统移出通过心脏并进入肺。
在例如抗凝剂疗法被表明不可取或失败时,在患者的腔静脉中可使用过滤装置。通常地,过滤装置是永久性植入体,其每一个在患者一生中保持植入在患者体内,即使需要该装置的病症或医学问题已经过去。在最近几年中,在手术前的患者和易患使患者处于肺栓塞危险的血栓症的患者中已经使用或考虑了过滤器。
腔静脉过滤器的益处已经很好地具备,但还可以加以改进。例如,通常可以将过滤器构造成在它们被配置在患者的腔静脉中时是自扩展的。腔静脉过滤器的支杆可以被构造成能够在处于接合腔静脉壁的扩展状态和处于用来递送和取回过滤器的收缩状态之间进行径向活动。在收缩状态,过滤器的支杆可以随机地被封装在递送鞘内。而在扩展和收缩状态之间活动时,支杆端可能以不规则(任意)方式相互交叉,这会引起缠结的危险。在过滤器配置期间的缠结可能会不希望地增加操作过程的持续时间。
发明内容
本发明总体地提供了一种可移除腔静脉过滤器,其被构造用于简化向患者的腔静脉的递送和从患者的腔静脉取回。该过滤器被成型以便其各支杆在扩展(打开)和收缩(闭合)状态(configulation,构造)之间都以一致取向而排布,从而将支杆的缠结减到最小。该过滤器包括多个主支杆,其每一个具有相对于该过滤器的纵轴的轴向弯曲部。该轴向弯曲部使支杆当在扩展和收缩状态之间活动时,以及当以该过滤器的闭合状态置入时,可以保持一致取向。
本发明的一个具体实施方式提供了一种用于捕获血管中的血栓块的可移除过滤器。在该具体实施方式中,过滤器包括多个支杆,其具有在沿着纵轴的中心点附近连接在一起的第一端。每一主支杆具有包括第一弯曲部分和第二弯曲部分的弓形部分。每一主支杆的第一弯曲部分具有相对于纵轴的轴向弯曲部,使得该主支杆在打开和闭合状态之间以一致取向被布置。主支杆的轴向弯曲部相对于纵轴被一致地成角。第一弯曲部分从第一端延伸而第二弯曲部分从该第一弯曲部分延伸并终止于锚形钩。主支杆被构造为在用于与血管接合的扩展状态和用于过滤器取回或递送的收缩状态之间活动。
在另一具体实施方式中,该可移除过滤器包括多个主支杆,其具有沿着纵轴连接在一起的第一端。该主支杆在递送至血管期间的闭合状态和在与血管接合时的打开状态之间是可活动的。每一主支杆大致从该第一端以相对于纵轴的圆周方向延伸并终止于锚形钩。主支杆在打开和闭合状态中都围绕纵轴等距地被布置。
本发明的其它方面、特征、以及优点通过参考以下结合附图的描述以及所附权利要求书将变得显而易见。
附图说明
图1是肾静脉、髂静脉、以及腔静脉的解剖模型的图示,其中采用了本发明腔静脉过滤器的一种具体实施方式;
图2a是处于扩展状态的所述腔静脉过滤器的一种具体实施方式的侧面透视图;
图2b是图2a中的圆形区2b的放大视图;
图3a是图3a中的腔静脉过滤器处于收缩状态并被置入引入管中的侧视图;
图3b是处于收缩状态的腔静脉过滤器的锚形钩的放大视图;
图4是腔静脉过滤器的主支杆的第二弓形部分的一部分的放大视图;
图5是图2a中的过滤器的套筒(hub)沿线5-5获得的剖视图;以及
图6是图2a的过滤器沿线6-6获得的端视图。
具体实施方式
本发明的具体实施方式提供了用于捕获血栓块的过滤器,其中,该过滤器的支杆在打开和闭合状态之间以一致取向而形成角度。当支杆在打开和闭合状态之间活动时,该过滤器的形状通常可以减少支杆缠结的危险。通常,这是通过将支杆保持连续一致的取向来实现的。更具体地,支杆的这种一致取向是通过相对于该过滤器的纵轴形成在每一支杆上的轴向弯曲部或环形弯曲部来提供的,其使得支杆当过滤器在扩展(打开)状态至收缩(闭合)状态之间活动时被一致地布置。每一支杆的轴向弯曲部解决了在过滤器递送或取回期间的缠结问题。因此,支杆上的轴向弯曲部确保了更大的时间效率和该过滤器在患者身体血管中的精确配置。
根据本发明的一个具体实施方式,图1图示描述了植入腔静脉50的腔静脉过滤器10,用于溶解或捕获由血液携带的通过髂静脉54、56流向心脏并进入肺动脉的血栓块的目的。如图所示,髂静脉54、56在结合点58处并入腔静脉50。来自肾62的肾静脉60在结合点58的下游进入腔静脉50。腔静脉50在结合点58和肾静脉60之间的部分限定了下腔静脉52,其中已通过股静脉之一将腔静脉过滤器10经皮地植入。优选地,该腔静脉过滤器10的长度小于下腔静脉52的长度。如果该过滤器的下部伸入髂静脉中,则过滤效果将受损,并且如果过滤器线状物跨过肾静脉起端,则该过滤器线状物可能会干扰来自肾的血液流动。
本发明的该具体实施方式将参照图2a至图6(其中示出了过滤器10)加以进一步论述。图2a图示描述了处于扩展状态并包括4个主支杆12的过滤器10,其中每一主支杆12具有从套筒11发散出来的第一端。套筒11通过将主支杆12的第一端14沿着中心点A夹在一起而连接成沿着该过滤器的中心或纵轴X的紧密束。套筒11对于形成该支杆的线状物的尺寸来说具有最小直径。优选地,主支杆12由超弹性材料、镍钛诺、不锈钢丝、钴-铬-镍-钼-铁合金、钴-铬合金、或可以由形成自打开或自扩展过滤器的任何其它合适材料形成。在该具体实施方式中,主支杆12优选由具有直径为至少约0.015英寸的圆形或近似圆形截面的线状物形成。当然,主支杆不是必须具有圆形截面。例如,主支杆12可以采取任何带有圆形边缘的形状以保持非湍动的血流。
如图2a中所示,每一主支杆12包括具有柔和的S形状的弓形部分16。每一弓形部分16形成有:第一弯曲部分20,其被构造成从过滤器10的纵轴或中心轴X柔和地向外弯曲;和第二弯曲部分23,其被构造成柔和地弯向过滤器10的纵轴。由于每一弓形部分16的柔和的弯曲部,所以在主支杆12上的拐点和突出点基本上被避免,以有助于非创伤性地接合血管壁。如下面参照图4更详细解释的,远侧弯曲部43被形成在从纵轴X放射状伸出的每一个支杆12上。远侧弯曲部43可以具有在约1和7毫米之间,优选在约2和4毫米之间的长度。
如图2b所示,每一主支杆12的第一弯曲部分20具有轴向或圆周方向的弯曲部25。如图所示,在每一支杆12上的轴向弯曲部25导致每一支杆12与纵轴X形成角度α的角。每一弯曲部分20具有相对于过滤器10的纵轴X而形成在上面的轴向弯曲部25,使得当主支杆12在打开和闭合状态之间活动时都保持连续一致的取向。因此,当过滤器在打开和闭合状态之间活动时,主支杆12相对于过滤器的端视图保持相对一致或相对对称的排布。轴向弯曲部25使得支杆12相对一致地闭合和打开,减少缠结的机会。例如(参见图6中的端视图),支杆12的相对排布被保持,避免了支杆的交叉,因此减少其缠结。
在过滤器被收缩为闭合状态的每一种情况下,轴向弯曲部25使得主支杆12相对于纵轴X都是一致取向的。因此,当过滤器以其收缩状态被加载并在身体血管中被展开至其扩展状态时,该支杆都一致地以放射状向外扩展并相对地保持相同取向或排布。因此,支杆缠结的危险被减少。
每一轴向弯曲部25的角度的范围可以在约0.5和5°之间。当主支杆12在过滤器的闭合状态和扩展状态之间活动时,第二弯曲部分23从纵轴一致地以放射状(旋转方式)移向血管壁。第二弯曲部分23的旋转放射状移动有助于减少支杆12缠结的危险。
如图2a所示,主支杆12终止于锚形钩26,当过滤器10被置于血管中的递送位置处时,该锚形钩26将锚入血管壁中。主支杆12被构造成可以在用于将锚形钩26与血管接合的扩展状态和用于过滤器取回或递送的收缩状态之间活动。在扩展状态中,每一弓形部分16沿着纵向平面(参见图2a的侧视图)弓形地并且沿着径向平面(参见图6中的端视图)线性地从第一端14延伸至锚形钩26。
当过滤器10被置入血管中时,锚形钩26嵌入血管壁以限定第一轴面,从而将过滤器固定在血管中。锚形钩26防止过滤器10从血管中的递送位置(其已被放置在这里)移出。主支杆12被成形并被调整尺寸,以便当过滤器10自由地扩展时使过滤器10的直径在约25mm和45mm之间并且长度在约3cm和7cm之间。例如,当自由地扩展时,过滤器10的直径可以为约35mm并且长度为约5cm。主支杆12具有足够的弹性强度,当过滤器被置入时,锚形钩26将会锚入血管壁中。
在该具体实施方式中,过滤器10包括多个辅助支杆30,该辅助支杆具有也是从套筒11发散出来的连接端32,如图2a所示。套筒11通过夹紧将连接端32沿着辅助支杆30的中心点A连同主支杆12夹在一起。在该具体实施方式中,每一主支杆12具有两个与主支杆12是肩并肩关系的辅助支杆30。辅助支杆30从连接端32延伸至自由端34,以使处于扩展状态的过滤器10在血管中向一中心集中。如图所示,每一辅助支杆30沿着纵向平面弓形地并且沿着径向平面线形地从连接端32延伸至自由端34。
辅助支杆30可以由与主支杆12相同类型的材料制成。然而,辅助支杆30可以具有比主支杆更小的直径,例如,至少约0.012英寸。在该具体实施方式中,每一辅助支杆30由第一弧40和第二弧42形成。如图2a所示,第一弧40从连接端32远离纵轴X延伸。第二弧42从第一弧40向纵轴X延伸。如图所示,两个辅助支杆30位于一个主支杆12的每一侧以形成过滤器10的网状构造的一部分。套筒11优选由与主支杆和辅助支杆相同的材料制成,以将电化腐蚀或由于熔接(welding)导致的材料中的分子改变的可能性减小至最小。
当自由扩展时,辅助支杆30的自由端34将向外放射状地扩展为约25mm至45mm的直径。例如,辅助支杆30可向外放射状地扩展为在约35mm和45mm之间的直径。自由端34的第二弧42嵌入血管壁以限定嵌入血管壁处的第二轴面。辅助支杆30起到将过滤器10的位置围绕放置其的血管中心固定的作用。因此,过滤器10具有纵向嵌入血管的管壁的两层或两个平面的支杆。过滤器10的长度优选由主支杆12的长度限定。如图所示,取回钩46从套筒11相对于主支杆12和辅助支杆30反向延伸。
在该具体实施方式中,每一弓形部分16具有的厚度为至少约0.015英寸并且抗张强度在约285,000磅/平方英寸(psi)和330,000psi之间。每一锚形钩26与弓形部分16是一个整体并且具有弓形部分的厚度和抗张强度。每一辅助支杆30具有的厚度为至少约0.012英寸并且抗张强度在约285,000psi和330,000psi之间。
图3a图示了置于用于递送或取回的递送/取回管94中的处于收缩状态的过滤器10。如图所示,过滤器10具有主支杆12,其每一个形成有用于一致取向的轴向弯曲部,并形成与另一主支杆12沿着纵轴X相配合的形状。因此,如在图3a和3b中以收缩状态示出的,锚形钩26被构造以被倒转或沿着纵轴X向内被放置而远离血管壁,用于过滤器10的取回/递送。锚形钩26的这种倒转或向内构造可以简化过滤器10的递送和取回。例如,处于收缩状态的锚形钩26可能擦、刮、或撕破递送/取回管的内壁的问题被消除,因为本发明的过滤器10的形状被设计成具有相互朝向内的或相互邻近放置的并且离开血管壁的锚形钩26。
一对相对的主支杆可以通过在相对于支杆的直角处,例如在对图2a中的纸平面的直角处,将支杆弯曲约0.5度和2度之间的角度而被偏置(offset),以允许该对支杆相互交叉(cross)。在该具体实施方式中,通过在第一和第二弯曲部20、23之间的区域处或附近弯曲该支杆而提供所述偏移。通过该偏移,当在每个弓形延伸的支杆的平面内观察时,两个相对的主支杆12可以基本平行地延伸。
此外,如以收缩状态在图3a和图3b中示出的,每一主支杆12被构造成沿着纵轴X与另一主支杆12协作,使得弓形部分16、第一弯曲部分20或第二弯曲部分23占据第一直径D1。在该具体实施方式中,第一直径大于由用于过滤器取回或递送的锚形钩26占据的第二直径D2。已发现,弓形部分16的第一直径用于净化取回通道,在将过滤器10从患者取回期间减少在锚形钩26上的来自鞘或血管的径向力。减少在锚形钩26上的径向力有助于在将过滤器10从患者取回期间防止锚形钩26擦、刮、或撕伤鞘的内壁。
在本发明的该具体实施方式中,应当注意,过滤器10可通过任何合适的引导(递送或取回)管加以递送或取回。然而,优选该引导管具有在约4.5弗伦奇(French)和16弗伦奇之间,并且更优选在约6.5弗伦奇和14弗伦奇之间的内径。
图4图示描述了主支杆12,其包括在其上形成的远侧弯曲部43并从纵轴X放射状地向外延伸。如图4所示,远侧弯曲部43可以以约0.5度和2度之间,优选1度的角度向外延伸。该远侧弯曲部43可以位于距锚形钩26一定距离的位置,并被布置在大致直的支杆段的端部。该远侧弯曲部43允许过滤器10可以在血管比其它可能的地方更小的内径处有效地过滤血栓块,同时保持用于递送或取回的收缩能力。而且,该远侧弯曲部43提供更牢固的锚形钩26在血管壁处的接合。在锚形钩26与血管壁接合处,主支杆12将促使血管壁向外,而血管壁将促使主支杆12朝向过滤器10的纵轴X向内。在优选的具体实施方式中,锚形钩26相对于主支杆12的最后区段形成在约50和80度的角度,优选在约50和60度之间的角度。
图5图示描述了图3a的过滤器10在套筒11处的剖视图。如图所示,套筒11容纳(house)一束四个主支杆14的第一端14和辅助支杆30的连接端32。图5进一步图示了主支杆12和辅助支杆30的设置。在该具体实施方式中,主支杆12被置于两个辅助支杆30之间。当然,主支杆12可以被置于任何其它合适的希望数量的辅助支杆30之间而不脱离本发明的范围或精神。
图6图示描述了包括大致均匀地置于其各自平面的独立主支杆和辅助支杆的网状图形。例如,辅助支杆30可相对于其它辅助支杆30而均匀地排布,并且主支杆12可以相对于其它主支杆12而均匀地排布。因此,通过腔静脉的端视图(沿线6-6获得的)示出的该具体实施方式中的网状图形将在主支杆12和辅助支杆30之间具有不均匀或不相等的间距。然而,应当理解,该主支杆和辅助支杆可以以所希望的任何其它合适方式加以布置。
尽管这种装置的具体实施方式已被披露为由具有圆形截面的线状物构成,但是其也可通过激光切割、放电加工或任何其它合适工艺从合适材料的管切割而成。
在过滤器已在血管内停留较长时间的情况下,主支杆可能通过血管壁的内膜层的新血管过度生长而被过度增大(overgrow)。支杆过度增大的趋势被支杆的弹性偏向构形和支杆外端相对于纵轴的放射向外的取向所增大。这导致支杆沿着支杆与血管壁的接触面扩张血管壁。内膜层使支杆过度增大将增大过滤器的锚固,因此支杆将跟随壁的移动,从而避免了过滤器的移出。即使当支杆通过内膜层被生长过度,过滤器也可以在对血管壁没有任何实质性损伤的情况下被取出。已生长过度该支杆的内膜层将限制拉力以平行作用于该壁,由此更容易地将支杆拉出,而不是破坏生长过度的层。除了由该钩引起的较小切口外,将不会有任何其它的损伤并且该切口在相对较短时间内会愈合,而内膜层的撕裂将相对地花另外的更长的时间以愈合。
过滤器10可由任何合适材料,如超弹性材料、镍钛诺、不锈钢丝、钴-铬-镍-钼-铁合金、或钴-铬合金构成。应当理解,过滤器10可以由能够形成自打开或自扩展过滤器的任何其它合适材料如形状记忆合金形成。当加热高于转变温度时,形状记忆合金具有变硬的性能,即,回到记忆的状态。适合于本发明的形状记忆合金可以包括以更熟知的名字为镍钛诺获得的Ni-Ti。当这种材料被加热高于转变温度时,该材料经历从马氏体(martensite)到奥氏体(austenic)的相变,使得材料回到其记忆的状态。转变温度取决于合金化元素Ni和Ti以及任选包含的合金化添加剂的相对比例。
在一个可替换具体实施方式中,过滤器10可以由转变温度稍低于人体的正常体温(其为约98.6)的镍钛诺(Nitinol)制成。尽管不是必需的优选具体实施方式,当过滤器10被置入身体血管并被暴露于正常体温时,过滤器10的合金将转变为奥氏体,即记忆的状态,当过滤器10被置入身体血管内时,其对于本发明的一个具体实施方式是扩展的状态。为了取出过滤器10,将过滤器10冷却以将该材料转变为马氏体,其比奥氏体更具有延展性,使得过滤器10更具有延展性。这样,过滤器10可更容易地被收缩并引入到导管的内腔中以便取出。
在另一可替换具体实施方式中,过滤器10可以由转变温度高于人正常体温(其为约98.6)的镍钛诺制成,尽管不是必需的优选具体实施方式,当过滤器被置入身体血管中并暴露于正常体温下时,过滤器10处于马氏体状态,使得过滤器10具有充分的延展性以弯曲或形成为希望的形状,其对于本发明是扩展的状态。为了取出过滤器10,将过滤器10加热以将该合金转变为奥氏体,使得过滤器10变硬并回到记忆的状态,其对于过滤器10是处于收缩状态的。
尽管已根据优选的具体实施方式描述了本发明,但是应当理解,本发明并不限于此,因为本领域普通技术人员可做出许多更改,尤其是根据前述教导的情况下。

Claims (17)

1.一种用于捕获血管中的血栓块的可移除过滤器,所述过滤器包括:
多个主支杆,其具有沿着纵轴连接在一起的第一端,每一个所述主支杆具有弓形部分,所述弓形部分具有相对于所述纵轴的轴向弯曲部,使得所述主支杆在打开和闭合状态之间以一致的取向而排布,所述主支杆的所述轴向弯曲部相对于所述纵轴一致地形成角度,每一个所述弓形部分从所述第一端延伸并终止于锚形钩,所述主支杆被构造成活动至扩展状态以便与所述血管接合,以及活动至收缩状态以便取回或递送过滤器。
2.根据权利要求1所述的可移除过滤器,其中,所述第一部分包括第一弯曲部分,所述第二部分包括第二弯曲部分,所述第一弯曲部分沿着所述第一部分的平面弯曲,而所述第二弯曲部分沿着所述第二部分的平面弯曲。
3.根据权利要求2所述的可移除过滤器,其中,所述第二弯曲部分基本上从所述轴向弯曲部延伸至所述锚形钩。
4.根据权利要求2-3中任一项所述的可移除过滤器,其中,所述第二弯曲部分包括多个弯曲段。
5.根据权利要求2-3中任一项所述的可移除过滤器,其中,所述第二弯曲部分包括多个通过一个或多个弯曲段连接的直段。
6.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的可移除过滤器,进一步包括多个辅助支杆,其具有沿着所述纵轴连接在一起的连接端并从其延伸至自由端,所述辅助支杆被构造成使处于所述打开状态的所述过滤器在所述血管内向一中心集中。
7.根据权利要求6所述的可移除过滤器,其中,处于所述打开状态的所述锚形钩的构形限定第一轴向平面,而处于所述打开状态的所述辅助支杆的所述自由端限定第二轴向平面,以使所述过滤器在所述血管内向一中心集中。
8.根据权利要求6-7中任一项所述的可移除过滤器,其中,所述主支杆和所述辅助支杆包括限定所述过滤器的所述收缩状态的最小直径和限定所述过滤器的所述扩展状态的最大直径。
9.根据权利要求6-8中任一项所述的可移除过滤器,其中,每一辅助支杆由超弹性材料、镍钛诺、不锈钢丝、钴-铬-镍-钼-铁合金、或钴-铬合金、或其组合形成。
10.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的可移除过滤器,其中,所述主支杆被构造成在其所述第一端处枢转,从而在所述收缩和扩展状态之间活动。
11.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的可移除过滤器,其中,每一主支杆由超弹性材料、镍钛诺、不锈钢丝、钴-铬-镍-钼-铁合金、或钴-铬合金、或其混合物形成。
12.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的可移除过滤器,进一步包括:
套筒,被构造用于轴向容纳所述多个主支杆的所述第一端;以及
取回钩,用于从所述血管取回所述过滤器,所述取回钩与所述多个主支杆反向地从所述套筒延伸。
13.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的可移除过滤器,其中,每一主支杆的所述锚形钩被定向以便从所述纵轴被偏移。
14.根据权利要求13所述的可移除过滤器,其中,当所述多个主支杆在所述闭合和打开状态之间活动时,每一主支杆的所述锚形钩沿着偏离所述纵轴的弧移动。
15.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的可移除过滤器,其中,每一主支杆的所述锚形钩被圆周地偏离所述主支杆的所述第一端。
16.根据权利要求1所述的可移除过滤器,其中,每一主支杆包括第一部分和第二部分,所述轴向弯曲部将所述第一部分连接至所述第二部分,所述第一部分从所述第一端延伸并且大致被置于与所述纵轴相交的第一部分的平面内,所述轴向弯曲部沿着相对于所述纵轴的圆周方向被定向,所述第二部分大致被置于与所述第一部分的平面相交的第二部分的平面内,所述第二部分终止于锚形钩,其中所述多个主支杆在打开和闭合状态都围绕所述纵轴等距地排布。
17.一种用于捕获血管中的血栓块的可移除过滤器,所述过滤器包括:
多个主支杆,其具有沿着纵轴连接在一起的第一端,所述多个主支杆可以在递送至所述血管期间的闭合状态和当与所述血管接合时的打开状态之间活动,每一主支杆大致相对于所述纵轴在圆周方向从所述第一端延伸并终止于锚形钩,其中所述多个主支杆在打开和闭合状态都围绕所述纵轴等距地排布。
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AU2005289628B2 (en) 2010-12-16
CN101031254B (zh) 2010-10-27
CA2580786C (en) 2012-10-23
EP1802252B1 (en) 2011-07-20
ATE516772T1 (de) 2011-08-15
JP2008514293A (ja) 2008-05-08
US20060069406A1 (en) 2006-03-30
BRPI0516135B8 (pt) 2021-06-22
CA2580786A1 (en) 2006-04-06
EP1802252A1 (en) 2007-07-04
WO2006036867A1 (en) 2006-04-06
AU2005289628A1 (en) 2006-04-06
DK1802252T3 (da) 2011-10-17
US8167901B2 (en) 2012-05-01
BRPI0516135B1 (pt) 2017-06-06

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