CN101180132B - 动力喷水器 - Google Patents

动力喷水器 Download PDF

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CN101180132B
CN101180132B CN2006800164217A CN200680016421A CN101180132B CN 101180132 B CN101180132 B CN 101180132B CN 2006800164217 A CN2006800164217 A CN 2006800164217A CN 200680016421 A CN200680016421 A CN 200680016421A CN 101180132 B CN101180132 B CN 101180132B
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water
shower nozzle
outlet
current
transfer system
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CN101180132A (zh
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约翰·D·沃格尔
迈克尔·斯哥特·罗斯克
帕特里克·D·琼特
赖安·A·李特
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Masco Corp
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Delta Faucet Co
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B1/00—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means
    • B05B1/34—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl
    • B05B1/3405—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl to produce swirl
    • B05B1/341—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl to produce swirl before discharging the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. in a swirl chamber upstream the spray outlet
    • B05B1/3421—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl to produce swirl before discharging the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. in a swirl chamber upstream the spray outlet with channels emerging substantially tangentially in the swirl chamber
    • B05B1/3463—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl to produce swirl before discharging the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. in a swirl chamber upstream the spray outlet with channels emerging substantially tangentially in the swirl chamber the channels extending outwardly, e.g. radially from the inside to the outside
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B1/00—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means
    • B05B1/02—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to produce a jet, spray, or other discharge of particular shape or nature, e.g. in single drops, or having an outlet of particular shape
    • B05B1/06—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to produce a jet, spray, or other discharge of particular shape or nature, e.g. in single drops, or having an outlet of particular shape in annular, tubular or hollow conical form
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B1/00—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means
    • B05B1/02—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to produce a jet, spray, or other discharge of particular shape or nature, e.g. in single drops, or having an outlet of particular shape
    • B05B1/10—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to produce a jet, spray, or other discharge of particular shape or nature, e.g. in single drops, or having an outlet of particular shape in the form of a fine jet, e.g. for use in wind-screen washers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B1/00—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means
    • B05B1/12—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means capable of producing different kinds of discharge, e.g. either jet or spray
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B1/00—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means
    • B05B1/14—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means with multiple outlet openings; with strainers in or outside the outlet opening
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B1/00—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means
    • B05B1/34—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl
    • B05B1/3402—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl to avoid or to reduce turbulencies, e.g. comprising fluid flow straightening means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B1/00—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means
    • B05B1/34—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl
    • B05B1/3405—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl to produce swirl
    • B05B1/341—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl to produce swirl before discharging the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. in a swirl chamber upstream the spray outlet
    • B05B1/3421—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl to produce swirl before discharging the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. in a swirl chamber upstream the spray outlet with channels emerging substantially tangentially in the swirl chamber
    • B05B1/3431—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl to produce swirl before discharging the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. in a swirl chamber upstream the spray outlet with channels emerging substantially tangentially in the swirl chamber the channels being formed at the interface of cooperating elements, e.g. by means of grooves
    • B05B1/3436—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl to produce swirl before discharging the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. in a swirl chamber upstream the spray outlet with channels emerging substantially tangentially in the swirl chamber the channels being formed at the interface of cooperating elements, e.g. by means of grooves the interface being a plane perpendicular to the outlet axis
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B1/00—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means
    • B05B1/14—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means with multiple outlet openings; with strainers in or outside the outlet opening
    • B05B1/16—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means with multiple outlet openings; with strainers in or outside the outlet opening having selectively- effective outlets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B1/00—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means
    • B05B1/34—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl
    • B05B1/3405—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl to produce swirl
    • B05B1/341—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl to produce swirl before discharging the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. in a swirl chamber upstream the spray outlet
    • B05B1/3421—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl to produce swirl before discharging the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. in a swirl chamber upstream the spray outlet with channels emerging substantially tangentially in the swirl chamber
    • B05B1/3431—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl to produce swirl before discharging the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. in a swirl chamber upstream the spray outlet with channels emerging substantially tangentially in the swirl chamber the channels being formed at the interface of cooperating elements, e.g. by means of grooves

Abstract

本发明公开了一种用于动力喷水器的构造成在中心水流(63)周围产生连续片状水幕(84)的喷头(10)。本发明还公开了一种用于水槽(402)的水传送装置(400)，该水传送装置(400)可以产生被连续水幕(84)围绕的水流(63)。

Description

动力喷水器
背景技术
本申请要求对于2005年5月13日提出的美国临时申请序列号60/680,939，2006年2月6日提出的美国临时申请序列号60/771,192以及2006年5月15日提出的美国申请序列号11/383,267的利益，这些申请披露的内容明确地通过引用而结合在本文中。本发明涉及水传送装置，更具体的是，涉及用于水槽并构造成在水流周围产生连续片状水幕的水传送装置。
发明内容
根据本发明的说明性实施例，喷头包括主体和接纳在主体内的筒组件。该筒组件包括进口，与该进口流体连通并构造成产生水流的第一出口，和与该进口流体连通并构造成在该水流周围产生以片状水层向外延伸的连续水幕的第二出口，所述水流具有基本层流。
根据本发明的进一步说明性的实施例，喷头包括带有流体口的主体和可移动地接纳在主体内的支架。喷头进一步包括操作性地连接到支架上并且与流体口流体连通的流动校直构件。该流动校直构件构造成协助从水流中排除湍流。喷嘴操作性地连接到该校直构件并且包括构造成产生中心水流的出口孔。旋转构件操作性地连接到所述支架并且构造成使水流进行旋转运动，由此产生在中心水流周围以薄片水层状向外延伸的连续水幕。
根据本发明的另一个说明性的实施例，产生水流模式的方法的步骤包括从第一出口产生具有基本层流的中心水流，和产生在中心水流周围以片状水层向外延伸的外部连续水幕。
根据本发明的又一个说明性实施例，用所述水传送装置产生水流模式的方法的步骤包括将提供给水传送装置的供给水源至少分成第一部分和第二部分，和从水传送装置基于第一部分提供水流和基于第二部分提供连续水幕。该水流具有基本层流并且该连续水幕围绕在水流周围以薄片水层状向外延伸。
根据本发明的另一个说明性实施例提供一种用于连接到至少一个水源和用于安装到水槽平台上的水传送系统。该水传送系统包括适合于与至少一个水源连通的至少一个阀和连接到水槽平台的输出装置。该输出装置包括内水道和喷头。该喷头包括产生水流的第一出口和产生围绕该水流以薄片水层状向外延伸的连续水幕的第二出口。
本领域的熟练技术人员考虑了下文对解释本发明的具体实施方式的说明性实施例的详细描述后，本发明的其他特征和优点将变得显而易见。
附图说明
图1是本发明的说明性实施例的喷头的正透视图；
图2是图1中的喷头的后透视图；
图3是图1中的喷头的分解透视图；
图4是图1中的喷头的筒组件和出口构件的分解透视图；
图5是取自图1的线5-5的横断面图；
图6是图4中的筒组件的旋转构件的顶视平面图；
图7是图1中的喷头的横断面图；
图8是图4中的筒组件的详细的横断面图；
图9是图1中的喷头的部分切除后的端透视图；
图10是本发明的进一步实施例的筒组件的分解透视图；
图11是图10中的筒组件的横断面图；
图12是图10中的筒组件的部分切除后的透视图；
图13A是说明性的流动校直器的横断面图；
图13B是图13A中的流动校直器的部分切除后的透视图；
图14是进一步实施例的筒组件的透视图；
图15是图14中的筒组件的横断面图；
图16是图14中的筒组件的分解透视图；
图17是进一步实施例的喷嘴的示意图；
图18是显示由基本层流形成的说明性速度圆的侧面示意图；
图19是显示由基本层流形成的说明性速度圆的顶示意图；
图20是进一步实施例的筒组件的分解透视图；
图21是图20中的筒组件的横断面图；
图22是图20中的筒组件的进口构件的透视图；以及
图23是示例性的水传送系统的概略图；
具体实施方式
首先参考图1-3，根据本发明的说明性实施例的喷头10被显示为包括阀体12，阀体12包括带有多个用于和常规的供水管线(未显示)连接的外螺纹16的进口流体口14。阀体12包括构造成接纳用于控制从进口流体口14到出口构件22的水流的常规的阀控制构件(未显示)的第一和第二孔18和20。更具体的是，阀控制构件构造成将来自进口流体口14的水引导到形成在阀体12内的与接纳在出口构件22的第一开口26内的筒组件24，接纳在出口板(校注：原文如此，但上文是“出口构件”，因此是否应改成“出口构件”，请再审核)22的第二开口28中的充气喷嘴(未显示)，和位于第一和第二开口18和20周围的圆周设置的多个开口30流体连通的不同的流体通道中。
现在参考图3和4，筒组件24包括保持器32，旋转构件34，背反射器36，流动校直器38和水流嘴40。保持器32包括带有多个将要接纳在阀体12的开口26内并与形成在其中的多个内螺纹44(图8)螺纹接合的外螺纹的内部第一端。保持器的外端包括多个与形成在流动校直器38的内端上的多个外螺纹螺纹接合的内螺纹46(图8)。
如图8所示，旋转构件34和背反射器36设置在流动校直器38和保持器32之间。参考图5，流动校直器38包括多个构造成接收来自进口52的流体的平行的纵向对齐的孔50。孔50构造成协助从流过其中的水流中去除湍流，并且向水流提供更加线性的流动。水流嘴40包括带有多个与形成在流动校直器38的外端内的内螺纹56螺纹接合的内螺纹54的内端。水流嘴40包括圆柱形外壁58和基本平坦的端壁60。出口孔62形成在端壁60内从而使流过其中的水形成中心水流63(图7)。孔62包括协助提供基本层流的尖锐的进口转角64(见图9)。此外，孔62的直径说明性地至少与邻近的平坦端壁60的厚度一样大从而进一步协助向中心水流提供基本层流。埋头孔66形成在端壁60的外表面中，并且沿直径设置的狭缝68同样形成在外表面中。狭缝68构造成接纳诸如螺丝刀的工具以协助将筒组件24插入和紧固在阀体12内。埋头孔66提供一个凹进处，防止工具和出口孔62之间潜在的破坏性接触。
多个通道70形成在保持器32内并且与旋转构件流体连通。如图5和6所示，旋转构件34包括限定中心开口74和多个向外延伸的狭缝76的环形体72，中心开口74和狭缝76构造成使通过环形通道70的水通过环形体72和流动校直器38之间的开口74并且向外通过狭缝76进行旋转运动。一旦水进行旋转运动，水由于离心力向外流动并且接触背反射器36的圆柱形外壁78。背反射器36的端壁79引导水在向后的方向上流过第二环形通道80。然后由保持器和阀体形成的端壁81在向前方向并且朝向第二出口82改回水的方向。水在前向和后向上的方向改变协助使水层基本均匀。当水流出第二出口82时，离心力使水限定具有片状外观的基本连续的水幕84(图7)。为了减少湍流并且协助在水幕84内提供连续片状水流，与旋转水流接触的表面应该基本光滑。典型的水幕84具有圆锥或球状的外形。
现在转到图10-12，图中阐明了本发明的阀体筒组件124的进一步的说明性实施例。阀体筒组件124包括螺纹接纳套筒128的基座126。相似地，套筒整形器130螺纹接纳套筒128。喷嘴支架132通过诸如螺栓134的常规紧固件操作性地连接到基座126上。流动校直器136被同心地接纳在喷嘴支架132内。流动校直器136通过螺纹接纳在喷嘴支架132外端的喷嘴体138紧固在适当的位置。喷嘴140被螺纹接纳在喷嘴体138外端内。
喷嘴支架132和流动校直器136配合协助从通过其中的水中排除湍流。更具体的是，流动校直器136包括构造成产生通过其中的水的基本线性流动的多个平行孔142(见图11)。喷嘴140与本文细述的喷嘴40有相似的设计。
参考图13A和图13B，替代实施例的流动校直器136’包括面向内的圆锥面143a和面向外的圆锥面143b。流动校直器136’可以替代流动校直器136以便于从通过其中的水中排除湍流。
旋转构件144通过喷嘴支架132保留在基座126内。旋转构件144可以与本文细述的旋转构件34有相似的设计。如上所述，旋转构件144构造成使通过其中的水进行旋转运动，其中水然后延伸到环形通道146和套筒整形器130内。由于水依附到套筒整形器130外壁的内表面上，当水通过出口150流出时即产生圆锥形的或球状的连续水幕。如上详述，喷嘴140的出口孔62产生设置在水幕内的中心水流。
图14-16显示了本发明的另一个说明性实施例的筒组件224。筒组件224包括带有进口228的基座226。进口228被图示为连接到基座226上的分离的组件。然而进口228也可以作为基座226的一部分被整体形成。喷嘴230被螺纹接纳在基座226内并且包括中心第一出口232和同心设置在第一出口232周围的环形第二出口234。圆锥构件236同心支撑在中心第一出口周围并且提供柯恩达效应(Coanda effect)表面238。更具体的是，通过进口228流向中心第一出口232的水产生图示位于中心的水流。流过喷嘴230中的通道233并且进入环形第二出口234的水与圆锥构件236的柯恩达效应表面238接触。柯恩达效应通过表面张力使水粘附到表面238上，从而使流过圆锥构件236的水在中心水流周围以片状形式产生基本连续的水幕。
图17阐明了用于通过喷嘴40’的出口孔62产生基本层流的替代实施例。在该实施例中，替代基本平坦的端壁60，端壁60’包括将水导向出口孔62的圆锥面。
应该理解的是，中心流63的基本层流会随与表面280接触的水而减少喷溅和起雾。此外，当使用动力喷水清洗诸如容器和水槽等的表面时，水幕84防止发生喷溅，起雾和移动的水花。也可以用气幕代替连续水幕。
如本文所述，各种说明性实施例都提供了具有诸如图7中的水流63的一般为层流的中心水流，围绕中心水流的诸如图7中的水幕83的连续水幕。连续水幕也可以围绕具有基本非层流的中心的或偏移的水流。
参考图18和19，基本层流63被实质上作为喷溅屏障的水幕84围绕。由于基本层流碰撞表面280(诸如容器表面)，流体以从水流63的中心轴径向向外的方向沿着表面流动。更具体的是，水流63的基本层流特性和柯恩达效应使流体产生基本圆形的，向外延伸以与来自撞击表面280的水幕84的流体混合的速率带282。当基本层流63接触表面280时，该水流产生高压力的和平行于表面280流动的基本圆形带282(图示直径大约为1英寸)。因此带282内的水流趋向于清除来自表面280的颗粒以利于清洁，与机械刮削相似。进一步，来自水流63和水幕84的流体组合形成同样利于清洁表面280的湍流。
参考图20-22，图中显示筒组件316的进一步的实施例。筒组件316可以接纳在阀体12中并且包括保持器318，进口构件320，流动校直器322和出口构件324。如本文所述，出口构件324提供水的基本层流。保持器318的表面304与阀体12协作将筒组件316连接到阀体12上。在一个实施例中，诸如紧固件的连接器被接纳在开口308中以将保持器318连接到阀体12上。在一个实施例中，表面304带有螺纹并与阀体12螺纹接合以允许从阀体12上移去阀筒316。在保持器的凹进处302中携带密封件(未显示)以在阀体12和保持器318的外围之间提供流体紧密封。
保持器318包括与阀体12的内部流体通道流体连通的进口306。图示进口306包括三个拉长的孔310A-C。进口306可以具有更少或更多的孔。参考图21，孔310A-C(图中显示310A)通常与通过进口构件320和流动校直器322协作形成的通道330A-C对齐。孔310A-C与保持器318和进口构件320之间的保持器318中的区域312流体连通。
进口构件320被连接到保持器318上。在一个实施例中，进口构件320的表面322和保持器318的表面334都带有螺纹。在一个实施例中，表面332和334的尺寸使保持器318和进口构件320可以用超声焊接到一起。进口构件320的倾斜表面336和保持器318的倾斜表面338配合协助相对于保持器318密封进口构件320的外围。
流动校直器322的表面348(显示为三个表面)和进口构件320的表面(显示为三个表面)的尺寸使流动校直器322可以用超声焊接到进口构件320上。在一个实施例中，流动校直器322通过诸如螺纹的其它合适的方法连接到进口构件320上。
参考图22，进口构件320包括多个与通道330流体连通并且使水进行旋转运动以协助形成连续水幕的狭缝340，如下文所述。进口构件320的中心部分接纳流动校直器322的主体部分321。包含狭缝340的进口构件320的下部342被接纳在流动校直器322的主体部分321和偏转器部分374之间的开口344内。
出口构件324包括与流动校直器322中的流体通道352流体连通的凹进处350。凹进处350在出口孔354中终止。出口构件324包括与流动校直器322的表面358协作以允许将出口构件324用超声焊接到流动校直器322上的凸起部分356。在一个实施例中，流动校直器322通过诸如螺纹的其它合适的方法连接到出口构件324上。
在操作中，水通过孔310A-C进入阀筒316中。如本文所述，进入阀筒316的水的第一部分作为水流流出，与水流63相似，进入阀筒316的水的第二部分作为连续水幕流出，与水幕84相似。
流动校直器322的主体部分321包括多个通道352。图示通道352是多个构造成协助从流过其中的流体中去除湍流并且向流体提供更线性流动的平行的纵向对齐的孔(见图21中的352A)。流过通道352的水传输到流动校直器322中的内部水路360中并进入出口构件324的凹进处350。凹进处350包括圆柱形的外壁362和倾斜的或圆锥形的内壁364。圆锥形的内壁364邻接限定出口孔354的基本平坦的端壁366，从而通过其中的水形成与水流63相似的中心水流。孔354包括尖锐的进口转角368以协助向出口水流提供基本层流。在一个实施例中，出口水流具有基本层流。
连续水幕由进入通过进口构件320和流动校直器322形成的通道330A-C的水形成。通道330A-C与位于进口构件320下端的狭缝340流体连通。狭缝340和流动校直器322的下表面370改变水流的方向并且使通过其中的水进行旋转运动。一旦水进行旋转运动，水就向外移动到流动校直器322的偏转器构件374的侧壁372并且被在方向376上向后导向。水通常在方向376上继续流动，直到由进口构件320的表面380在方向378上再次向前改变方向。水通常在方向378上流向水幕出口382。
当流体向水幕出口382移动时，离心力使其沿着保持器318的内表面流动。由于众所周知的沿从水流轻微弯曲的固体表面流动的流体趋向于跟随该表面的柯恩达效应，该流体限定了基本连续的流体幕，与带有片状外观的水幕84总体相似。如图21所示，图示内表面384包括扩张的或有角度的向水幕出口382延伸的部分。为了减少湍流并且协助提供水幕内的连续水片，由旋转流体接触的内表面384应该基本光滑。
表面384的扩张部分协助形成连续水片的外观。该扩张部分导致连续水片的外观更接近圆锥形并且较少具有球形。
关于筒组件316的附加的细节在2006年2月6日提交的美国临时专利申请系列号60/771,192中提供，该申请揭示的内容明确地通过引用而结合在本文中。
如图23所示，本文描述的喷头和阀筒可以作为水传送系统400的一部分，该系统用于与排水相关的住宅的或商业的带有排水装置401或其它装置的水槽402。水槽402被显示为连接到工作台面404。工作台面404和水槽402的顶部被共同称为水槽平台。水传送系统400被连接到热水源406和冷水源408。来自热水源406和冷水源408的水被提供到一个或多个可以调节的阀410以调节通过其中的水流。
在一个实施例中，如果任何热水或冷水都依赖于所需要的水的特性，则热水源406和冷水源408都与调节来自各个水源406和408的将要提供到输出装置412的水的流率的单个混合阀流体连通。例如，如果只需要热水，则所述阀只通过来自热水源406的水。在另一个实施例中，热水源406和冷水源408分别与各自的阀流体连通；每个阀都调节来自与该阀流体连通的各自的水源的将要提供到输出装置412的水流。阀410可以位于水槽平台的上方或下方。
阀410的控制通过一个或多个输入装置414进行。示例性的输入装置414包括诸如手柄的机械装置和诸如向控制器提供所需要的水特性的指示的接触传感器或红外传感器的电子输入装置。在一个实例中，控制器通过与阀连接的电动机调整阀410。
示例性的输出装置412包括带有连接到其上的喷头的喷管。喷管可以是刚性的或柔性的部分。在一个实施例中，喷头是附接到喷管基座构件末端的旋转头。在一个实施例中，喷头是附接到喷管基座构件上的拉出伸长杆。该拉出伸长杆具有通常连接到喷管基座构件上的第一位置和其中伸长杆与喷管基座构件隔开并通过连接两者的水路连接到其上的第二位置。另一个示例性的输出装置是侧向喷水器。示例性的侧向喷水器在2006年2月6日提交的美国临时专利申请系列号60/771,192中揭示，该申请揭示的内容明确地通过引用而结合在本文中。在一个实施例中，喷头被结合到可以连接到水槽平台的侧向喷水器中并且与阀410流体连通。在一个实例中，侧向喷水器与独立于喷管的阀410流体连通。在一个实施例中，喷头可以用于连接到水槽平台的任何类型的水传送装置并且可以与水槽402结合使用。
在一个实施例中，水传送系统400与浴缸，淋浴器或其它带有相连的诸如与图23中的水槽402相连的排水装置401的排水装置的容器相连。这样，本文揭示的喷头和/或阀筒作为浴缸注水器，莲蓬头和/或身体喷水器的一部分，可以被用于提供围绕水流的连续水幕。
在一个实例中，使用连续水幕和水流的组合可以减少淋浴器产生的水流量。实际上，一部分空气可以被截留在水流和连续水幕之间。这样，从该水流中产生的水流通常被截留在水幕内，从而限制浴室的湿度。
在一个实施例中，本文揭示的喷头和/或阀筒可以构造成包括被连续水流围绕的多个水流。每个水流都可以有基本层流或非层流。在一个实施例中，本文揭示的喷头和/或阀筒可以构造成包括多个连续水幕。在一个实施例中，本文揭示的喷头和/或阀筒可以构造成包括每一个都带有基本层流或非层流之一的一个或多个水流，和围绕该一个或多个水流的一个或多个连续水幕。
在一个实施例中，通向产生水流的水通道的进口和通向产生水幕的水通道的进口相互独立，从而水流可以出现在只产生水流的水通道内，只产生水幕的水通道内，或既产生水流又产生水幕的水通道内。水传送系统400可以包括分离的来自阀410的连接到产生水流和产生水幕的水通道的引水管。这样，用户可以用输入装置414选择只产生水流，只产生水幕，或产生水流和连续水幕的组合。在一个实例中，单水幕模式可以用于清洗的应用场合。
在一个实施例中，连续水幕具有一般足球状的外观。在一个实施例中，连续水幕的形状受到水压力的影响。在用于住宅应用的标准压力下，连续水幕的形状一般为半足球形或圆锥形。在较低的压力下，连续水幕的形状一般为足球形。这样，可以选择与连续水幕中的水相关的压力以挑选符合审美观点的取悦的外观。在一个实例中，选择压力从而使水幕的形状提供在水流周围的水泡。连续水幕的形状还可以受到水温的影响。
虽然参考特定的优选实施例详细描述了本发明，但在附后的权利要求中描述和定义的本发明的精神和范围内存在各种变化和修改。

Claims (42)

1.一种喷头，其特征在于，该喷头包括：
主体，该主体包括构造成连接到水供给源的流体口；和
容纳在所述主体内的筒，该筒包括与所述流体口流体连通的进口，与所述进口流体连通并且构造成产生水流的第一出口，和与所述进口流体连通并且构造成产生在水流周围以薄片水层状向外延伸的连续水幕的第二出口，由所述第一出口产生的水流具有基本层流。
2.如权利要求1所述的喷头，其特征在于，其中所述第一出口由喷嘴限定，所述喷嘴包括与水流垂直设置的平坦的壁和形成在所述壁内的孔。
3.如权利要求2所述的喷头，其特征在于，其中所述壁的厚度小于所述孔的直径。
4.如权利要求2所述的喷头，其特征在于，所述喷头进一步包括与所述喷嘴流体连通并且构造成协助从提供给所述孔的水中去除湍流的流动校直构件。
5.如权利要求4所述的喷头，其特征在于，其中所述流动校直构件包括多个构造成提供水的基本线性流动的平行孔。
6.如权利要求1所述的喷头，其特征在于，其中所述筒被螺纹连接到所述主体上。
7.如权利要求1所述的喷头，其特征在于，其中所述筒进一步包括构造成使从进口流向第二出口的水进行旋转运动的旋转构件。
8.如权利要求7所述的喷头，其特征在于，环形通道将所述进口连接到所述旋转构件上。
9.如权利要求7所述的喷头，其特征在于，其中所述旋转构件包括带有多个形成在其中用以绕旋转轴向外引导水的狭缝的环形体。
10.如权利要求1所述的喷头，其特征在于，其中所述筒包括排放构件，该排放构件包括构造成产生连续水幕的柯恩达效应表面。
11.如权利要求10所述的喷头，其特征在于，其中所述排放构件具有圆锥形。
12.如权利要求1所述的喷头，其特征在于，其中由所述第一出口产生的水流总体位于由所述第二出口产生的连续水幕的中心。
13.如权利要求12所述的喷头，其特征在于，其中由所述第二出口产生的连续水幕至少为圆锥形或球形形状之一。
14.一种喷头，其特征在于，该喷头包括：
主体，该主体包括流体口；
支架，该支架可移动地容纳在主体内的；
流动校直构件，该流动校直构件可操作地连接到所述支架上并且与所述流体口流体连通，所述流动校直构件构造成协助从水中去除湍流；
喷嘴，该喷嘴可操作地连接到所述校直构件上并且包括构造成产生中心水流的出口孔；和
旋转构件，该旋转构件可操作地连接到所述支架上并且构造成使水进行旋转运动从而产生在中心水流周围以薄片水层状向外延伸的连续水幕。
15.如权利要求14所述的喷头，其特征在于，其中所述喷嘴包括圆柱形的外壁以及所述出口孔形成在与所述外壁垂直设置的平坦壁内，以使通过其中的水流为基本层流。
16.如权利要求15所述的喷头，其特征在于，其中所述平坦壁的厚度小于所述孔的直径。
17.如权利要求16所述的喷头，其特征在于，其中所述流动校直构件包括多个构造成提供水的基本线性流动的平行孔。
18.如权利要求14所述的喷头，其特征在于，其中所述旋转构件包括带有多个形成在其中用以绕旋转轴向外引导水的狭缝的环形体。
19.如权利要求14所述的喷头，其特征在于，该喷头进一步包括同心容纳在所述旋转构件周围的背反射器。
20.如权利要求14所述的喷头，其特征在于，该喷头进一步包括同心容纳在所述出口孔周围的第二环形出口，该第二环形出口构造成接收来自所述旋转构件的水并且产生连续水幕。
21.一种产生水流模式的方法，其特征在于，该方法包括下列步骤：
向带有第一出口和第二出口的筒组件提供水；
从所述第一出口产生具有基本层流的中心水流；和
从所述第二出口产生在中心水流周围以片状水层形式向外延伸的外部连续水幕。
22.如权利要求21所述的方法，其特征在于，其中从所述第一出口产生中心水流的步骤包括从中心水流中去除湍流使其成为基本层流的步骤。
23.如权利要求21所述的方法，其特征在于，其中从所述第二出口产生外部连续水幕的步骤包括使水进行旋转运动的步骤。
24.如权利要求23所述的方法，其特征在于，其中从所述第二出口产生外部连续水幕的步骤进一步包括使水通过圆锥形表面的步骤。
25.一种使用水传送装置产生水流模式的方法，其特征在于，该方法包括下列步骤：
将提供到水传送装置的供水至少分为第一部分和第二部分；和
从水传送装置基于所述第一部分提供水流和基于所述第二部分提供连续水幕，该水流具有基本层流并且该连续水幕围绕该水流以薄片水层状向外延伸。
26.如权利要求25所述的方法，其特征在于，该方法进一步包括使所述第一部分的水通过带有多个纵向通道的流动校直器的步骤，该流动校直器构造成从所述第一部分水中去除湍流。
27.如权利要求25所述的方法，其特征在于，该方法进一步包括使第二部分的水进行旋转运动的步骤。
28.如权利要求27所述的方法，其特征在于，该方法进一步包括下列步骤：
总体以第一方向引导第二部分的水，其后
总体以与第一方向相反的第二方向引导第二部分的水，其后
再次总体以第一方向引导第二部分的水。
29.如权利要求27所述的方法，其特征在于，其中所述第二部分的水接触柯恩达效应表面。
30.一种用于连接到至少一个水源和安装到水槽平台的水传送系统，其特征在于，该水传送系统包括：
至少一个适合于与该至少一个水源流体连通的阀；和
连接到所述水槽平台的输出装置，该输出装置带有内部水路和喷头，所述内部水路与所述阀和所述喷头流体连通，其中所述喷头包括产生水流的第一出口和产生围绕该水流以薄片水层状向外延伸的连续水幕的第二出口。
31.如权利要求30所述的水传送系统，其特征在于，其中由所述第一出口产生的水流具有基本层流。
32.如权利要求31所述的水传送系统，其特征在于，其中所述输出装置进一步包括喷管基座构件，所述喷头被连接到所述喷管基座构件上。
33.如权利要求32所述的水传送系统，其特征在于，其中所述喷头可相对于所述喷管基座构件移动。
34.如权利要求33所述的水传送系统，其特征在于，其中所述喷头是旋转喷头。
35.如权利要求33所述的水传送系统，其特征在于，其中所述喷头是可在连接到所述喷管基座构件的第一位置和与所述喷管基座构件相间隔的第二位置之间移动的拉出部分。
36.如权利要求30所述的水传送系统，其特征在于，其中所述输出装置为侧向喷水器。
37.如权利要求36所述的水传送系统，其特征在于，其中所述侧向喷水器可在通常由水槽平台支撑的第一位置和与所述水槽平台相间隔的第二位置之间移动。
38.如权利要求30所述的水传送系统，其特征在于，其中所述阀位于水槽平台的下方。
39.如权利要求30所述的水传送系统，其特征在于，其中所述喷头进一步包括用于产生水流的装置和用于产生围绕该水流的连续水幕的装置。
40.如权利要求39所述的水传送系统，其特征在于，其中用于产生连续水幕的装置包括使包括在连续水幕中的水进行旋转运动的装置。
41.如权利要求30所述的水传送系统，其特征在于，其中所述水流为中心水流。
42.如权利要求30所述的水传送系统，其特征在于，其中所述第二出口具有使连续水幕的形状更圆锥形的扩张表面。
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US7850098B2 (en) 2010-12-14
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US20200129996A1 (en) 2020-04-30
US10618066B2 (en) 2020-04-14
US20060255167A1 (en) 2006-11-16
CA2607864A1 (en) 2006-11-23
CA2607864C (en) 2013-05-28
US20160228891A1 (en) 2016-08-11
US9962718B2 (en) 2018-05-08
WO2006124721A2 (en) 2006-11-23
WO2006124721A3 (en) 2007-11-08

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