CN101263670B - 使用不对称前向和返回链路频率再用的卫星通信装置和方法 - Google Patents
使用不对称前向和返回链路频率再用的卫星通信装置和方法 Download PDFInfo
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- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
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- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W16/00—Network planning, e.g. coverage or traffic planning tools; Network deployment, e.g. resource partitioning or cells structures
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
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- H04W16/24—Cell structures
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Abstract
使用多个前向链路小区和多个返回链路小区在无线通信系统的基于空间的部件和无线电终端之间进行通信,其中,返回链路小区在每一频率再用群集上比前向链路小区具有更多数量的小区。前向链路小区和返回链路小区中的至少一些小区可以使用具有相邻和/或重叠覆盖区域的陆地无线通信系统的至少一些频率。前向链路小区和返回链路小区中至少一些小区的前向链路可以比所述前向链路小区和返回链路小区中至少一些小区的返回链路具有更大的链路带宽。
Description
对相关申请的交叉引用
本申请请求于2005年7月29日提交的美国临时申请序列号60/703,842作为优先权,其全部内容在此引入以供参考。
技术领域
本发明涉及无线通信系统和方法,更特别地,本发明涉及卫星和陆地无线通信系统和方法。
发明背景
卫星无线电话通信系统和方法广泛应用于无线电话通信。卫星无线电话通信系统和方法通常使用至少一个被配置为与多个卫星无线电话无线通信的基于空间的部件,例如一个或多个卫星。
卫星无线电话通信系统或方法可以利用一个覆盖由该系统所服务的整个服务区域的卫星天线方向图(波束或小区)。作为选择,或者与上述相结合,在蜂窝卫星无线电话通信系统和方法中,提供多个卫星天线方向图(波束或小区),每一个卫星天线方向图能够服务在整个服务区域中基本不同的服务区域,以向整个服务区域共同地提供服务。这样,能够在基于卫星的蜂窝系统和方法中实现与在传统陆地蜂窝无线电话系统和方法中使用的结构相似的蜂窝结构。卫星典型地通过双向通信路径与无线电话通信,将无线电话通信信号通过下行链路或前向链路(也称为前向业务链路)从卫星传送到无线电话,并通过上行链路或返回链路(也称为返回业务链路)从无线电话传送到卫星。在一些情况下,诸如,举例来说,在广播中,卫星可以单向地向一个或多个无线电终端传送信息。
蜂窝卫星无线电话系统和方法的总体设计和操作对本领域技术人员来说是众所周知的,并且在这里不需要进一步的描述。此外,如这里使用的,术语“无线电话”包括具有或不具有多行显示(multi-line)的蜂窝和/或卫星无线电话;可以将无线电话与数据处理、传真和/或数据通信能力结合的个人通信系统(PCS)终端;可包括射频无线收发信机和/或寻呼机、互联网/内联网接入、网页浏览器、组织器、日历和/或全球定位系统(GPS)接收机的个人数字助理(PDA);和/或传统膝上型电脑和/或掌上型计算机或其它应用,其可以包括射频无线收发信机。无线电话在这里还可以称为“无线电终端”、“移动终端”、“用户设备”,或者简单称为“终端”。如这里使用的,术语“无线电终端”、“无线电话”、“移动终端”、“用户设备”和/或“终端”还包括任何其它可以具有随时间变化或固定的地理坐标和/或可以是便携、可移动、安装在车辆(基于航空、海运或陆地的车辆)内和/或位于和/或被配置为本地操作和/或在一个或多个陆地和/或额外的陆地位置上分布式工作的辐射用户设备、设备和/或源。此外,如这里使用的,术语“基于空间的部件”或“基于空间的系统”包括在任意轨道(与地球同步、基本上与地球同步、中间地球轨道、低地球轨道等等)上的一个或多个卫星和/或在任何高度上在地球上方具有轨迹的一个或多个其它目标和/或平台(例如,飞机、气球、无人驾驶飞行器、宇宙飞船、导弹等等)。
陆地网络通过在陆地上使用/再用为蜂窝卫星无线电话系统分配的至少一些频率能够增强蜂窝卫星无线电话系统可用性、效率和/或经济生存能力。特别地,已知对于蜂窝卫星无线电话系统可能很难可靠地为人口密集地区提供服务,因为卫星信号可能被高层建筑结构阻碍和/或不能穿透进入建筑物。因此,在这样的区域,卫星频谱可能不能被充分利用或不能被利用。至少一些卫星系统频率的陆地使用/再用能够降低或消除该潜在问题。
此外,通过引入对被授权的由基于空间的部件使用的频率的陆地频率使用/再用,可以提高包括基于空间(即,卫星)和陆地通信能力的整个混合系统的容量,因为陆地频率使用/再用可以比仅仅卫星系统的频率使用/再用密集的多。事实上,在通常可能需要的地方,即,在人口密集的市区/工业区/商业区中,可以增加容量。因此,整个系统可以变得更经济可行,因为它能够更有效可靠地服务更多的用户基站。
在发明人是Karabinis标题为“Satellite TelecommunicationsRepeaters and Retransmission Methods”的美国专利5,937,332中描述了卫星频率陆地再用的一个例子,其全部内容在此引入以供参考,就像在这里充分描述了一样。如这里描述的,提供卫星电信中继器,该卫星电信中继器接收、放大、和在本地重传从卫星/无线电终端接收到的下行链路/上行链路信号,从而能够提高在卫星电信中继器附近的有效下行链路/上行链路容限,并能够提高上行链路和下行链路信号进入建筑物、植物、运输车辆、和其它能够降低链路容限的目标的穿透能力。便携式和非便携式的中继器都被提供。参见美国专利5,937,332的摘要。用于通过在陆地上使用/再用卫星频带中的至少一些频率并且对于陆地和卫星通信使用基本相同的空中接口而具有陆地通信能力的卫星无线电话系统或方法的卫星无线电话可以更节省成本和/或比其它备选方案在审美上更吸引人。传统的双频带/双模式无线电话备选方案(例如,众所周知的Thuraya、Iridium和/或Globalstar双模式卫星/陆地无线电话)复制一些部件(由于卫星通信与陆地通信之间的不同频带和/或空中接口协议),这导致无线电话的成本、尺寸和/或重量增加。参见发明人是Karabinis标题为“Satallite System Utilizing a Pluralityof Air Interface Standards and Method Employing Same”的美国专利6,052,560。
在Karabinis的标题为“Systems and Methods for Terrestrial Reuseof Cellular Satellite Frequency Spectrum”的美国专利号6,684,057、Karabinis的标题为“Filter for Combined Radiotelephone/GPSTerminals”的美国专利号6,785,543、Karabinis的标题为“WirelessCommunication Systems and Methods using Satellite-Linked RemoteTerminal Interface Subsystems”的美国专利号6,856,787、Karabinis等人的标题为“Integrated or Autonomous System and Method ofSatellite-Terrestrial Frequency Reuse Using Signal Attenuationand/or Blockage,Dynamic Assignment of Frequencies and/orHysteresis”的美国专利号6,859,652、和Dutta等人的标题为“Systemsand Methods for Handover Between Space Ba sed and TerrestrialRadioterminal Communications,and For Monitoring TerrestriallyReused Satellite Frequencies At a Radioterminal to ReducePotential Interference”的美国专利号6,879,829、和在美国专利号6,892,068、6,937,857、6,999,720和7,006,789中、以及Karabinis的标题为“Spatial Guardbands for Terrestrial Reuse of SatelliteFrequencies”的美国专利公开申请号US2003/005476l、Karabinis等人的标题为“Systems and Methods for Monitoring TerrestriallyReused Satellite Frequencies to Reduce Potential Interference”的美国专利申请US2003/0054814、Karabinis等人的标题为“AdditionalSystems and Methods for Monitoring Terrestrially Reused SatelliteFrequencies to Reduce Potential Interference”的美国专利申请US2003/0073436、Karabinis的标题为“Multi-Band/Multi-ModeSatellite Radiotelephone Communications Systems and Methods”的美国专利申请US2003/0054762、Karabinis等人的标题为“Coordinated Satellite-Terrestrial Frequency Reuse”的美国专利申请US2002/0041575、Karabinis等人的标题为“Space-BasedNetwork Architectures for Satellite Radiotelephone Systems”的美国专利申请US2003/0068978、Karabinis的标题为“StaggeredSectorization for Terrestrial Reuse of Satellite Frequencies”的美国专利申请US2003/0153308、和Karabinis的标题为“Methods andSystems for Modifying Satellite Antenna Cell Patterns In Responseto Terrestrial Reuse of Satellite Frequencies”的美国专利申请US2003/0054815中、以及在公开的美国专利申请号2004/0121727,2004/0142660,2004/0192395,2004/0192200,2004/0192293,2004/0203742,2004/0240525,2005/0026606,2005/0037749,2005/0041619,2005/0064813,2005/0079816,2005/0090256,2005/0118948,2005/0136836,2005/0164700,2005/0164701,2005/0170834,2005/0181786,2005/0201449,2005/0208890,2005/0221757,2005/0227618,2005/0239457,2005/0239403,2005/0239404,2005/0239399,2005/0245192,2005/0260984,2005/0260947,2005/0265273,2005/00272369,2005/0282542,2005/02880011,2006/0040613,2006/040657和2006/0040659中也描述了可以通过包括至少一个辅助陆地部件(ATC)的辅助陆地网络(ATN)应用陆地使用和/或再用卫星频率的卫星无线电终端通信系统和方法,上述申请被转让给本发明的受让人,因此所有这些申请公开的全部内容在此引入以供参考,就像在这里充分阐述了一样。
发明概述
本发明的一些实施例提供用于操作无线通信系统的方法。在一些实施例中,使用多个前向链路小区和多个返回链路小区在无线通信系统的基于空间的部件和无线电终端之间进行通信,返回链路小区在每一频率再用群集上比前向链路小区具有更多数量的小区。前向链路小区的前向链路可以比返回链路小区的返回链路具有更大的链路带宽。
在本发明的一些实施例中,前向链路小区和返回链路小区中的至少一些使用具有相邻和/或重叠覆盖区域的陆地无线通信系统的至少一些频率。前向链路小区和返回链路小区中至少一些的前向链路可以比前向链路小区和返回链路小区中至少一些的返回链路具有更大的链路带宽。使用前向链路小区和返回链路小区中至少一些的前向链路频率的陆地无线通信系统的业务链路可以与使用该前向链路频率的前向链路小区和返回链路小区中至少一些的前向链路具有基本相同的链路带宽,并且使用前向链路小区和返回链路小区中至少一些的返回链路频率的陆地无线通信系统的业务链路可以与使用该返回链路频率的前向链路小区和返回链路小区中至少一些的返回链路具有基本上相同的链路带宽。
在前向链路小区和返回链路小区中至少一些的前向链路和返回链路上的通信可以被频分双工,在陆地无线通信系统的业务链路上的通信可以被时分双工。在陆地无线通信系统的业务链路上的通信可以被正交频分多路复用。
在一些实施例中,基于空间的部件与无线电终端可以使用第一空中接口协议进行通信,并且陆地无线通信系统和无线电终端可以使用基本上不同于第一空中接口协议的第二空中接口协议进行通信。在一些实施例中,基于空间的部件和陆地无线通信系统可以使用基本相同的空中接口协议与无线电终端通信。例如,基于空间的部件与无线电终端可以使用时分多路复用(TDM)空中接口协议、时分多址(TDMA)空中接口协议、码分多路复用(CDM)空中接口协议、码分多址(CDMA)空中接口协议、正交频分多路复用(OFDM)空中接口协议、和/或正交频分多址(OFDMA)空中接口协议进行通信,陆地无线通信系统和无线电终端可以使用时分多路复用(TDM)空中接口协议、时分多址(TDMA)空中接口协议、码分多路复用(CDM)空中接口协议、码分多址(CDMA)空中接口协议、正交频分多路复用(OFDM)空中接口协议、和/或正交频分多址(OFDMA)空中接口协议进行通信。
根据本发明另外的方面,可以将接近于陆地无线通信系统覆盖区域边界的陆地无线通信系统辐射器的发射从基于空间部件的覆盖区域部分指引到陆地无线通信系统覆盖区域以外。例如,将接近于陆地无线通信系统覆盖区域边界的陆地无线通信系统辐射器的发射向陆地无线通信系统覆盖区域的内部部分指引。
根据其它方面,多个返回链路小区与单个前向链路小区重叠。例如,前向链路小区可以具有频率再用群集尺寸(cluster size)为一,返回链路可以具有大于一的频率再用群集尺寸。在一些实施例中,用于返回链路小区的各个频率再用群集可以与前向链路小区的各个频率再用群集在空间上基本共同扩张。
在本发明另外的实施例中,一种无线通信系统包括基于空间的部件,其被配置为使用多个前向链路小区和多个返回链路小区与无线电终端通信,其中,返回链路小区比前向链路小区在每一频率再用群集上具有更大数量的小区。前向链路小区的前向链路可以比返回链路小区的返回链路具有更大的链路带宽。
在一些实施例中,前向链路小区和返回链路小区中的至少一些小区使用具有相邻和/或重叠覆盖区域的陆地无线通信系统的至少一些频率。前向链路小区和返回链路小区中至少一些小区的前向链路可以比前向链路小区和返回链路小区中至少一些小区的返回链路具有更大的链路带宽。使用前向链路小区和返回链路小区中至少一些的前向链路频率的陆地无线通信系统的业务链路可以与使用该前向链路频率的前向链路小区和返回链路小区中至少一些的前向链路具有基本上相同的链路带宽,并且使用前向链路小区和返回链路小区中至少一些的返回链路频率的陆地无线通信系统的业务链路可以与使用该返回链路频率的前向链路小区和返回链路小区中至少一些的返回链路具有基本上相同的链路带宽。
在其它的实施例中,一种无线通信系统包括基于空间的部件,其被配置为使用多个前向链路小区和多个返回链路小区与无线电终端通信,其中,返回链路小区比前向链路小区在每一频率再用群集上具有更大数量的小区,该无线通信系统还包括由前向链路小区和返回链路小区中至少一些小区相邻和/或重叠的辅助陆地部件,其被配置为使用由所述前向链路小区和返回链路小区中至少一些小区使用的至少一些频率与无线电终端通信。
本发明另外的实施例提供一种陆地无线通信系统,包括至少一个站,该站被配置为在由无线通信系统的基于空间的部件所服务的前向链路小区和返回链路小区相邻和/或重叠的覆盖区域中与无线电终端通信。返回链路小区比前向链路小区在每一频率再用群集上具有更大数量的小区,并且所述至少一个站被配置为使用由前向链路小区和返回链路小区使用的至少一些频率。
附图简述
图1是图示根据本发明一些实施例的无线通信系统和方法的示意图。
图2是图示根据本发明另一实施例的前向链路小区和返回链路小区再用模式例子的示意图。
图3是图示根据本发明又一实施例的链路带宽分配例子的示意图。
图4是图示根据本发明一些实施例从陆地无线通信系统外围辐射器的定向发射的示意图。
发明详述
现在将参考附图描述本发明的特定典型实施例。然而,本发明可以体现为许多不同形式,并且不应解释为局限于这里描述的实施例。而是提供这些实施例是为了使本公开详尽完整,并且这些实施例将向本领域技术人员全部转达本发明的范围。将会理解的是,当一个单元被称为“连接”或“耦合”到另一单元时,则它能够直接连接或耦合到另一单元,或者可以存在介入单元。此外,这里使用的“连接”或“耦合”可以包括以无线方式连接或耦合。
这里使用的术语仅仅为了描述特定实施例的目的,而不旨在限定本发明。如这里使用的,除非另外特别指明,单数形式的“一种”和“该”旨在也包括复数形式。还将理解的是,当在本说明书中使用术语“包括”、“包含”时,指定所声明的特征、整数、步骤、操作、单元、和/或部件的存在,但是不排除一个或多个其它特征、整数、步骤、操作、单元、部件、和/或其组合的存在。
除非另外定义,这里使用的所有术语(包括技术术语和科学术语)的含义与本发明所属领域的普通技术人员一般理解的含义相同。将会进一步理解的是,诸如那些在一般使用的词典中定义的术语的含义应被解释为与它们在相关技术环境和本发明中的含义一致,除非在这里另外这样定义,否则将不会理想化或过度形式化地解释这些术语。
将会理解的是,尽管在这里使用术语“第一”和“第二”来描述各个单元,但是这些单元不应被这些术语来限定。使用这些术语仅仅是为了将一个单元与另一个单元区别开。这样,下面的第一无线电终端可以称为第二无线电终端,并且同样地,第二无线电终端可以称为第一无线电终端,而不偏离本发明的教导。如这里使用的术语“和/或”包括相关列出项中一个或多个的任意和所有组合。符号“/”也用作“和/或”的简化符号。
图1图示包括基于空间部件(SBC)110和辅助陆地部件(ATC)120的无线通信系统。SBC 110可以包括至少一个卫星112,卫星112可以是与地球相对静止或基本相对静止的卫星。所述至少一个卫星110被配置为与无线电终端10通信,并且还可以配置为与至少一个卫星网关130通信。ATC 120可以包括至少一个基础单元,例如,一个或多个基站122,每一个基站122被配置为与无线电终端20通信。将会理解的是,尽管图1图示ATC 120包括5个基站122,但是可以提供更大或更小数量的基站。如所示出的,ATC 120的业务覆盖区125与SBC 110的业务覆盖区115重叠。将会理解的是,通常,SBC的业务覆盖区和ATC的业务覆盖区可以相邻和/或重叠,例如,共存、局部重叠、或彼此不包括。将会进一步理解的是,无线电终端10,20可以是单模终端和/或双模终端,即,被配置为仅仅与SBC 110或ATC 120中的一个通信的终端和/或被配置为既与SBC 110又与ATC 120通信的终端。将会理解的是,在图1中示出的基于空间的基础结构和陆地基础结构可以是集成系统中的组成部分(子系统)或者可以是单独的系统,例如,其覆盖区与陆地无线通信系统的覆盖区相邻和/或重叠的移动卫星通信系统,其可以协同工作和/或独立和自发地工作。
参考图1和图2,SBC 110、至少一个卫星网关130和/或连接到SBC 110和/或所述至少一个卫星网关130的其它系统单元可被配置为使用相应的多个前向和返回业务链路SBC天线馈电单元来形成多个前向业务链路波束(小区,或天线方向图)210和多个返回业务链路波束(小区,或天线方向图)220。SBC 110可被配置为通过前向业务链路波束210中的每一个向第一多个无线电终端提供前向业务链路通信,从而通过前向业务链路波束210提供直接的频率再用,即,再用系数为一(1),其中,第一多个无线电终端通过使用第一频率集F1(第一频率集F1中的至少一些可以由相邻和/或重叠的陆地无线通信系统使用)在地理位置上分布于多个SBC前向业务链路波束上。SBC 110可被进一步配置为向第二多个无线电终端提供返回业务链路通信,从而基于包括不止一个返回业务链路波束220的频率再用小区群集尺寸来提供频率再用(即,频率再用系数大于1),其中,第二多个无线电终端通过选择性地使用第二频率集F2,例如,第二频率集F2的频率子集F2a,F2b,F2c(其中的至少一些可以由相邻和/或重叠的陆地无线通信系统使用)在地理位置上分布于多个SBC返回业务链路波束220上。因此,在本发明的一些实施例中,SBC被配置为使用直接的前向业务链路频率再用与无线电终端通信,并使用包括包含不止一个小区的小区群集的返回业务链路频率再用与无线电终端通信。
将会理解的是,“选择性地使用”指的是基于地理位置选择性地使用频率,并且在一些实施例中,第一和第二多个无线电终端可以是相同的多个无线电终端。将会进一步理解的是,图2所示波束210,220的配置被提供用于举例说明的目的,并且本发明的实施例可以使用前向和返回链路波束或小区的任何数量的不同配置。例如,前向链路和/或返回链路小区可以具有不同于图2所示的覆盖区形状/轮廓。在一些实施例中,至少一些前向链路波束(小区或天线方向图)可以具有基本相似的地理覆盖区和/或可以在地理位置上与至少一些返回链路波束(小区或天线方向图)基本相同。图2图示用于返回链路波束220的3-小区群集尺寸,但是在本发明的其它实施例中可以使用更大或更小的群集尺寸。还将会理解的是,尽管图2图示前向链路小区210和返回链路小区被对准,以便每一个返回链路小区220不与多于一个的前向链路小区210重叠,在本发明的其它实施例中,可以使用前向和返回链路小区的不同对准,例如,其中返回链路小区与多个前向链路小区重叠的配置。
本发明的实施例可以通过允许SBC在频率再用系数为一(1)(即直接频率再用)时在前向链路小区中根据需要使用最大可用频率范围和/或最大数量的可用载频和/或经历至少一个预定的通信性能/业务测量(例如,误比特率(BER)、干扰电平和/或用户简档)来允许更高的前向业务链路(即,SBC到一个或多个无线电终端)数据吞吐量,从而通过在返回链路波束当中提供非单一性(非直接)频率再用在提供降低的小区间返回业务链路干扰的同时向一个或多个无线电终端提供增加的前向业务链路数据吞吐量。在前向业务链路上的直接频率再用和在返回业务链路上的非直接频率再用与在前向和返回业务链路上使用同样的频率再用(直接或非直接)相比不会实质上降低SBC的容量。在一些实施例中,在前向业务链路上的直接频率再用和在返回业务链路上的非直接频率再用与在前向和返回业务链路上使用直接频率再用相比甚至可以提高SBC的容量,因为由于与SBC前向链路相关联的信号强度在地球上或接近地球处比与ATC相关联的信号强度相对较小,因此由SBC直接下行链路频率再用导致的对与之通信的ATC和/或无线电终端的干扰保持在可接受的电平。如所示出的,在图4中,为了降低对在由ATC服务的地理区域420之外的覆盖区410内正在从SBC接收通信的无线电终端10的干扰电平,可以接近ATC服务区周边的至少一些ATC基础结构辐射器422(即,一个或多个基站天线)可以在基本上远离ATC覆盖区内部位置指向的方向上提供衰减的辐射。
图3图示了可以沿着上述参考图2描述的线使用不对称频率再用提供的不对称前向和返回链路带宽(在本发明的一些实施例中也可以提供对称的前向和返回链路带宽)。SBC 310和ATC 320可以被配置为使用正交频分多路复用(OFDM)和/或正交频分多址(OFDMA)空中接口协议来与无线电终端通信。在一些实施例中,在ATC 320的业务链路上使用的空中接口协议可以基于时分双工(TDD)模式,SBC 310的空中接口协议可以基于频分双工(FDD)模式。在一些实施例中,例如,SBC 310在SBC小区的地理区域(波束或天线方向图)内提供10MHz的前向链路313和3.3MHz的返回链路315,从而提供到一个或多个无线电终端的通信,并且ATC 320基于SBC的前向/返回业务链路频率提供10MHz的前向/返回TDD业务链路323和/或基于SBC的前向/返回业务链路频率提供3.3MHz的前向/返回TDD业务链路325,从而在ATC的服务区域内提供到一个或多个无线电终端的通信。
将会理解的是,在本发明的各个实施例中,SBC和ATC可以使用任意数量的不同类型的空中接口协议。SBC与无线电终端通信使用的空中接口协议和ATC与无线电终端通信使用的空中接口协议相比可以相同、基本相同或不同(即,举例来说,SBC可以使用时分多路复用(TDM)和/或时分多址(TDMA)空中接口协议,ATC可以使用码分多路复用(CDM)和/或码分多址(CDMA)空中接口协议,或者反之亦然)。还将理解的是,图3示出的载波带宽仅仅是为了例证的目的,也可以使用其它载波带宽。
将会理解的是,上面描述的设备和操作是例证性的例子,其它结构和操作落在本发明的范围之内。更一般地,在附图和说明书中已经公开了本发明的典型实施例。尽管使用了特定术语,但是仅仅在一般和描述的意义上使用这些术语。而不用于限定的目的,本发明的范围由下列权利要求来限定。
Claims (50)
1.一种操作无线通信系统的方法,该方法包括:
使用多个前向链路小区和多个返回链路小区在位于空间的部件与无线通信系统的无线电终端之间通信,每一频率再用群集的返回链路小区中小区的数量比每一频率再用群集的前向链路小区中小区的数量大;
其中前向链路小区和返回链路小区中至少一些小区使用陆地无线通信系统的至少一些频率,所述陆地无线通信系统在其之间具有相邻和/或重叠覆盖区域。
2.如权利要求1所述的方法,其中前向链路小区的前向链路比返回链路小区的返回链路具有更大的链路带宽。
3.如权利要求2所述的方法,其中前向链路小区的前向链路被频分复用,以及返回链路小区的返回链路被频分复用。
4.如权利要求2所述的方法,进一步包括在前向链路和/或返回链路上正交频分多路复用通信。
5.如权利要求1所述的方法,其中前向链路比返回链路具有更大的链路带宽,所述前向链路是前向链路小区和返回链路小区中至少一些的前向链路,所述返回链路是前向链路小区和返回链路小区中至少一些的返回链路。
6.如权利要求5所述的方法,其中陆地无线通信系统的业务链路使用前向链路小区中至少一些的前向链路频率并且与前向链路小区中至少一些的前向链路具有相同的链路带宽,并且其中,陆地无线通信系统的其他业务链路使用返回链路小区中至少一些的返回链路频率并且与返回链路小区中至少一些的返回链路具有相同的链路带宽。
7.如权利要求1所述的方法,进一步包括在前向链路小区中至少一些的前向链路上频分双工通信;在返回链路小区中至少一些的返回链路上频分双工通信;和在陆地无线通信系统的业务链路上时分双工通信。
8.如权利要求1所述的方法,进一步包括在陆地无线通信系统的业务链路上正交频分多路复用通信。
9.如权利要求1所述的方法,进一步包括使用第一空中接口协议在位于空间的部件与无线电终端之间通信,并且使用不同于第一空中接口协议的第二空中接口协议在陆地无线通信系统与无线电终端之间通信。
10.如权利要求1所述的方法,进一步包括使用相同的空中接口协议在位于空间的部件与无线电终端之间以及在陆地无线通信系统与无线电终端之间通信。
11.如权利要求1所述的方法,进一步包括使用时分多路复用(TDM)空中接口协议、时分多址(TDMA)空中接口协议、码分多路复用(CDM)空中接口协议、码分多址(CDMA)空中接口协议、正交频分多路复用(OFDM)空中接口协议、和/或正交频分多址(OFDMA)空中接口协议在位于空间的部件与无线电终端之间通信,并且使用时分多路复用(TDM)空中接口协议、时分多址(TDMA)空中接口协议、码分多路复用(CDM)空中接口协议、码分多址(CDMA)空中接口协议、正交频分多路复用(OFDM)空中接口协议、和/或正交频分多址(OFDMA)空中接口协议在陆地无线通信系统之间通信。
12.如权利要求1所述的方法,进一步包括将位于接近陆地无线通信系统覆盖区域边界的陆地无线通信系统辐射器的发射从位于空间的部件的覆盖区域部分指引到陆地无线通信系统覆盖区域以外。
13.如权利要求1所述的方法,其中指引位于接近陆地无线通信系统覆盖区域边界的陆地无线通信系统的辐射器以具有指向陆地无线通信系统覆盖区域的内部部分的传输。
14.如权利要求1所述的方法,其中多个返回链路小区与单个前向链路小区重叠。
15.如权利要求14所述的方法,其中前向链路小区具有频率再用群集尺寸为一,并且其中,返回链路小区具有大于一的频率再用群集尺寸。
16.如权利要求15所述的方法,其中返回链路小区的各个频率再用群集与前向链路小区的各个频率再用群集在空间上共同扩张。
17.一种无线通信系统,包括:
位于空间的部件,被配置为使用多个前向链路小区和多个返回链路小区与无线电终端通信,每一频率再用群集的返回链路小区中小区的数量比每一频率再用群集的前向链路小区中小区的数量大;
进一步包括辅助陆地部件,其与至少一些小区相邻和/或重叠并且被配置为使用由前向链路小区和返回链路小区中的至少一些小区使用的至少一些频率与无线电终端通信,所述至少一些小区是前向链路小区和返回链路小区中的小区。
18.如权利要求17所述的系统,其中前向链路小区的前向链路比返回链路小区的返回链路具有更大的链路带宽。
19.如权利要求18所述的系统,其中前向链路小区的前向链路被频分多路复用,以及返回链路小区的返回链路被频分多路复用。
20.如权利要求18所述的系统,进一步包括在前向链路和/或返回链路上正交频分多路复用通信。
21.如权利要求17所述的系统,其中前向链路小区和返回链路小区中至少一些小区使用陆地无线通信系统的至少一些频率,所述陆地无线通信系统在其之间具有相邻和/或重叠覆盖区域。
22.如权利要求21所述的系统,其中前向链路比返回链路具有更大的链路带宽,所述前向链路是前向链路小区和返回链路小区中至少一些的前向链路,所述返回链路是前向链路小区和返回链路小区中至少一些的返回链路。
23.如权利要求22所述的系统,其中陆地无线通信系统的业务链路使用前向链路小区中至少一些的前向链路频率并且与前向链路小区中至少一些的前向链路具有相同的链路带宽,并且其中,陆地无线通信系统的其他业务链路使用返回链路小区中至少一些的返回链路频率并且与返回链路小区中至少一些的返回链路具有相同的链路带宽。
24.如权利要求21所述的系统,其中位于空间的部件被配置为支持在前向链路小区中至少一些的前向链路上的频分双工通信以及在返回链路小区中至少一些的返回链路上的频分双工通信。
25.如权利要求21所述的系统,其中位于空间的部件被配置为使用第一空中接口协议与无线电终端通信,其中,第一空中接口协议不同于用于在陆地无线通信系统与无线电终端之间通信的第二空中接口协议。
26.如权利要求21所述的系统,其中位于空间的部件被配置为使用与用于在陆地无线通信系统与无线电终端之间通信使用的空中接口协议相同的空中接口协议与无线电终端通信。
27.如权利要求21所述的系统,其中位于空间的部件被配置为使用时分多路复用(TDM)空中接口协议、时分多址(TDMA)空中接口协议、码分多路复用(CDM)空中接口协议、码分多址(CDMA)空中接口协议、正交频分多路复用(OFDM)空中接口协议、和/或正交频分多址(OFDMA)空中接口协议与无线电终端通信。
28.如权利要求17所述的系统,其中前向链路比返回链路具有更大的链路带宽,所述前向链路是前向链路小区和返回链路小区中至少一些的前向链路,所述返回链路是前向链路小区和返回链路小区中至少一些的返回链路。
29.如权利要求28所述的系统,其中使用位于空间的部件的前向链路小区中至少一些的前向链路频率的辅助陆地部件的业务链路与前向链路小区中至少一些的前向链路具有相同的链路带宽,使用位于空间的部件的返回链路小区中至少一些的前向链路频率的辅助陆地部件的业务链路与返回链路小区中至少一些的前向链路具有相同的链路带宽,并且使用前向链路小区中至少一些的返回链路频率的辅助陆地部件的业务链路与前向链路小区中至少一些的返回链路具有相同的链路带宽,以及使用返回链路小区中至少一些的返回链路频率的辅助陆地部件的业务链路与返回链路小区中至少一些的返回链路具有相同的链路带宽。
30.如权利要求17所述的系统,其中位于空间的部件被配置为支持在前向链路小区中至少一些的前向链路上的频分双工通信以及在返回链路小区中至少一些的返回链路上的频分双工通信,并且其中,辅助陆地部件被配置为支持在该辅助陆地部件的业务链路上的时分双工通信。
31.如权利要求17所述的系统,其中辅助陆地部件被配置为支持在辅助陆地部件的业务链路上的正交频分复用通信。
32.如权利要求17所述的系统,其中位于空间的部件被配置为使用第一空中接口协议与无线电终端通信,并且其中,辅助陆地部件被配置为使用不同于第一空中接口协议的第二空中接口协议与终端通信。
33.如权利要求17所述的系统,其中位于空间的部件和辅助陆地部件被配置为使用相同的空中接口协议与无线电终端通信。
34.如权利要求17所述的系统,其中位于空间的部件被配置为使用时分多路复用(TDM)空中接口协议、时分多址(TDMA)空中接口协议、码分多路复用(CDM)空中接口协议、码分多址(CDMA)空中接口协议、正交频分多路复用(OFDM)空中接口协议、和/或正交频分多址(OFDMA)空中接口协议与无线电终端通信,并且其中,辅助陆地部件被配置为使用时分多路复用(TDM)空中接口协议、时分多址(TDMA)空中接口协议、码分多路复用(CDM)空中接口协议、码分多址(CDMA)空中接口协议、正交频分多路复用(OFDM)空中接口协议、和/或正交频分多址(OFDMA)空中接口协议与无线电终端通信。
35.如权利要求17所述的系统,其中辅助陆地部件被配置为将接近于辅助陆地部件覆盖区域边界所定位的其辐射器的发射从位于空间的部件的覆盖区域部分指引到辅助陆地部件的覆盖区域以外。
36.如权利要求17所述的系统,其中辅助陆地部件被配置为将接近于辅助陆地部件覆盖区域边界所定位的辐射器的发射向陆地无线通信系统覆盖区域的内部部分指引。
37.如权利要求17所述的系统,其中多个返回链路小区与单个前向链路小区重叠。
38.如权利要求17所述的系统,其中前向链路小区具有频率再用群集尺寸为一,并且其中,返回链路小区具有大于一的频率再用群集尺寸。
39.如权利要求38所述的系统,其中返回链路小区的各个频率再用群集与前向链路小区的各个频率再用群集在空间上共同扩张。
40.一种陆地无线通信系统,包括至少一个站,该站被配置为在覆盖区域中与无线电终端通信,该覆盖区域被在地球表面上的前向链路小区和返回链路小区相邻和/或重叠,所述前向链路小区和返回链路小区被移动卫星通信系统的位于空间的部件所服务,其中,每一频率再用群集的返回链路小区中小区的数量比每一频率再用群集的前向链路小区中小区的数量大,并且所述陆地无线通信系统的至少一个站被配置为使用由前向链路小区和返回链路小区使用的至少一些频率。
41.如权利要求40所述的陆地无线通信系统,其中位于空间的部件的前向链路小区的前向链路比位于空间的部件的返回链路小区的返回链路具有更大的链路带宽。
42.如权利要求41所述的陆地无线通信系统,其中使用位于空间的部件的前向链路小区的前向链路频率的陆地无线通信系统的业务链路与使用该前向链路频率的前向链路小区的前向链路具有相同的链路带宽,并且其中,使用位于空间的部件的返回链路小区的返回链路频率的陆地无线通信系统的至少一个站的业务链路与使用该返回链路频率的返回链路小区的返回链路具有相同的链路带宽。
43.如权利要求40所述的陆地无线通信系统,其中所述至少一个站被配置为支持在其业务链路上的时分双工通信。
44.如权利要求40所述的陆地无线通信系统,其中所述至少一个站被配置为支持在其业务链路上的正交频分多路复用通信。
45.如权利要求40所述的陆地无线通信系统,其中所述至少一个站被配置为使用与由位于空间的部件在前向链路小区和返回链路小区中使用的空中接口协议不同的空中接口协议与无线电终端通信。
46.如权利要求40所述的陆地无线通信系统,其中所述至少一个站被配置为使用与由位于空间的部件在前向链路小区和返回链路小区中使用的空中接口协议相同的空中接口协议与无线电终端通信。
47.如权利要求40所述的陆地无线通信系统,其中所述至少一个站被配置为使用时分多路复用(TDM)空中接口协议、时分多址(TDMA)空中接口协议、码分多路复用(CDM)空中接口协议、码分多址(CDMA)空中接口协议、正交频分多路复用(OFDM)空中接口协议、和/或正交频分多址(OFDMA)空中接口协议与无线电终端通信。
48.如权利要求40所述的陆地无线通信系统,进一步包括辐射器,其位于接近陆地无线通信系统覆盖区域的边界并被配置为将其发射从位于空间的部件的覆盖区域部分指引到陆地无线通信系统覆盖区域以外。
49.如权利要求40所述的陆地无线通信系统,进一步包括辐射器,其位于接近陆地无线通信系统覆盖区域的边界并被配置为将其发射向陆地无线通信系统覆盖区域的内部部分指引。
50.如权利要求40所述的陆地无线通信系统,其中所述至少一个站被配置为作为移动卫星通信系统的辅助陆地部件工作。
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DE602006006317D1 (de) | 2009-05-28 |
ATE429086T1 (de) | 2009-05-15 |
JP4691161B2 (ja) | 2011-06-01 |
KR101141273B1 (ko) | 2012-07-12 |
IL187170A0 (en) | 2008-02-09 |
KR20100075662A (ko) | 2010-07-02 |
MX2008001330A (es) | 2008-03-24 |
AU2006276045B2 (en) | 2010-11-04 |
WO2007015972A3 (en) | 2007-03-29 |
CA2607301C (en) | 2014-06-03 |
EP1911172B1 (en) | 2009-04-15 |
KR101141270B1 (ko) | 2012-07-12 |
AU2006276045A1 (en) | 2007-02-08 |
US20070026867A1 (en) | 2007-02-01 |
BRPI0614061A2 (pt) | 2012-11-20 |
CN101263670A (zh) | 2008-09-10 |
WO2007015972A2 (en) | 2007-02-08 |
ES2323018T3 (es) | 2009-07-03 |
US7917135B2 (en) | 2011-03-29 |
CA2607301A1 (en) | 2007-02-08 |
US20100041396A1 (en) | 2010-02-18 |
EP1911172A2 (en) | 2008-04-16 |
JP2009504011A (ja) | 2009-01-29 |
KR20080032042A (ko) | 2008-04-14 |
US7623867B2 (en) | 2009-11-24 |
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