CN101296671B - 椎间盘假体 - Google Patents

椎间盘假体 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101296671B
CN101296671B CN2006800396290A CN200680039629A CN101296671B CN 101296671 B CN101296671 B CN 101296671B CN 2006800396290 A CN2006800396290 A CN 2006800396290A CN 200680039629 A CN200680039629 A CN 200680039629A CN 101296671 B CN101296671 B CN 101296671B
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China
Prior art keywords
plate
core
intervertebral disk
disk prosthesis
adapting device
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Expired - Fee Related
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CN2006800396290A
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CN101296671A (zh
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R·拉什鲍姆
K·D·金
H·贝
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LDR Medical SAS
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LDR Medical SAS
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    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
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Abstract

本发明涉及椎间盘假体，其包括至少两个板(1，2)，也就是第一板(1)和第二板(2)，通过至少一个板的弯曲表面(11，31)(也就是关节)绕彼此铰接，每个板(1，2)包括公知为接触表面的表面(14，24)，其将与假体要植入其间的椎骨之一的椎骨板接触，每个板的这个接触表面包括几何中心(G1，G2)，该几何中心与至少两个位于板(1，2)周线上直径上相对的点等距离，其特征在于板(1，2)的几何中心(G1，G2)没有垂直对齐，板的几何中心(G1，G2)的偏移(D)造成板(1，2)的边缘在至少一个垂直于脊柱垂直轴的方向上偏移。

Description

椎间盘假体
技术领域
本发明涉及椎间盘假体，其被替换为在脊柱的椎骨之间提供联接的纤维软骨盘。
背景技术
现有技术中已知各种类型的椎间盘假体。多种假体，如专利申请WO02089701和WO2004/041129中所描述的假体，是由形成绕中心核心(central core)铰接的笼箱的下板和上板组成的。其他假体，如美国专利US5676701和申请WO03/059212A1中公开的假体，仅包括通过关节表面的手段绕其自身铰接的下板和上板。这些铰接的假体具有如下优点：通过允许板相对彼此倾斜和/或旋转，而允许使用假体的病人自由移动。包括可在板间移动的中心核心的假体具有额外的优点，即允许核心自发定位在理想位置以便吸收施加在假体上的约束。在现有技术已知的这些假体中，板的前、后和横向边缘位于与另一个板相应边缘相同的垂直轴上。假体这样的形状通常是由于板是理想尺寸的，且它们各自关节的轴被结合在一起(共轴)，以便有利于病人的运动并允许校正可能的定位缺陷。然而，这些假体具有如下不便，即不能完美地与脊柱形态相配。实际上，两个相邻椎骨的前边缘通常彼此稍微偏移。因此难于适当地植入现有技术的假体。此外，在静止时，由于椎骨自然的偏移和椎骨中板的锚定，假体的不同部件被约束在不需要的位置中，当假体的这些部件的自由移动被限制时。将通过使用板间的可移动核心而消除这些不便，但核心可能的移动将被限制，且其定位自身从而吸收施加在假体上的约束的能力将消失。
同样，现有技术公知，专利申请EP1250898A1中公开了包括绕中心核心铰接的两个板的椎间盘假体，其中一个板在其至少一个边缘上的尺寸比另一个板的尺寸大。板尺寸的差别导致板边缘的偏移，但也有导致板关节轴的偏移的不便。而且，该假体类型具有如下不便，即他的一个板可最终相对椎骨板较大，或相反地，另一个板可比椎骨板小，因此不能斜靠在椎骨板周边上而是靠在较小的实体部件上，因此假体有损伤椎骨板的风险。
在该上下文中，有益的是，提出一种假体，其允许更有效地适配到脊柱轮廓上并因此完全实现通过提供关节表面将其设定的目标。
发明内容
本发明的目的是通过提出一种椎间盘假体来克服现有技术的一些不便，该椎间盘假体至少包括两个板，每个板都具有相对另一个板同一边缘偏离的至少一个边缘。
这个目标是由植入在脊柱的椎骨之间的椎间盘假体来实现的，该椎间盘假体包括至少两个板，也就是第一板和第二板，它们依靠至少一个板的至少一个弯曲表面(即关节)彼此铰接，来允许通过分别绕基本垂直于板平面的轴和基本在板平面内的轴来相对彼此转动和/或倾斜板，所述弯曲关节表面具有垂直对齐假体关节中心的顶点，每个板包括边缘和公知作为接触表面的表面，该表面将与一个椎骨的椎骨板接触，而假体植入在所述椎骨之间，每个板的这个接触表面包括一个几何中心，该几何中心与至少两个位于板周边直径相对的点等距离，其特征在于：
-假体关节的中心与板的一个几何中心垂直对齐；
-板几何中心没有垂直对齐，并且因此至少在垂直于脊柱的垂直轴的一个方向上偏移；
-两个板的接触表面具有基本相同的尺寸且因此板的边缘也至少在垂直于脊柱的垂直轴的一个方向上偏移。
根据另一个特征，第二板包括关节的弯曲表面，该关节至少一个部件和与其互补的第一板的关节的弯曲表面配合从而允许板的关节相对彼此转动和/或倾斜，与第二板的关节的弯曲表面的顶点垂直对齐的关节中心相应于相对第二板的第一板的弯曲表面的中心的中间位置。
根据另一个特征，第一板的弯曲表面是凹面，而第二板关节的弯曲表面是凸面。
根据另一个特征，第一板的弯曲表面是凸面，而第二板关节的弯曲表面是凹面。
根据另一个特征，椎间盘假体也包括核心，该核心包括平面和关节的弯曲表面，且因为仅第一板包括关节的弯曲表面，该弯曲表面和与其互补的核心的弯曲表面的至少一个部件配合，以便允许板相对彼此转动和/或倾斜，所以核心的平面与第二板的平面的至少一个部件配合，从而允许核心相对第二板在垂直于脊柱垂直轴的至少一个方向上平移和/或旋转，该第二板包括与核心的配合装置互补的配合装置，从而至少允许限制或消除核心相对第二板的平移，与核心的关节的弯曲表面的顶点垂直对齐的关节的中心相应于在第二板的配合装置之间的核心的中间位置并相应于相对核心的第一板的弯曲表面的中心的中间位置。
根据另一个特征，第一板的弯曲表面是凹面而核心的弯曲表面是凸面。
根据另一个特征，第一板的弯曲表面是凸面而核心的弯曲表面是凹面。
根据另一个特征，第二板的配合装置是位于第二板边缘附近的母装置并与核心的公装置配合。
根据另一个特征，每个公配合装置的尺寸比母配合装置的尺寸稍小，以便允许绕相应于关节中心的垂直投影的位置、在核心和第二板之间的稍稍移动。
根据另一个特征，每个公配合装置的尺寸与每个母配合装置的尺寸基本相同，以便防止核心和第二板之间的任何移动并将核心保持在相应于关节中心的垂直投影的位置上。
根据另一个特征，第二板的配合装置是位于第二板边缘附近并与核心的母装置配合的公装置。
根据另一个特征，每个公配合装置的尺寸比每个母配合装置的尺寸稍小，以便允许绕相应于关节中心的垂直投影的位置、在核心和第二板之间的稍稍移动。
根据另一个特征，每个公配合装置的尺寸与每个母配合装置的尺寸基本相同，以便防止核心和第二板之间的任何移动并将核心保持在相应于关节中心的垂直投影的位置上。
根据另一特征，核心的公配合装置是两个位于核心两个侧边缘上的立柱(stud)，而第二板的母配合装置是四个壁体，所述四个壁体成对位于第二板的两个侧边缘中的每一个上。
根据另一个特征，第二板的母配合装置包括一个盘状部分，其朝向板中心并部分覆盖与核心配合的公装置，从而防止核心提升。
根据另一个特征，作为板接触表面的中间平面(medianplane)基本平行或形成锐角，由该角度获得的倾斜允许使假体的整个形状适应脊柱的解剖结构或可能校正要用假体的病人的椎骨的任何倾斜缺陷。
根据另一个特征，板至少在他们的下边缘包括促进假体插入到椎骨间的至少一个斜面(bevel)。
根据另一个特征，相同的板可组装有不同厚度和/或尺寸和/或形状的核心。
根据另一个特征，板包括可移动骨质锚定装置。
根据另一个特征，骨质锚定装置和/或板包括在板上的骨质锚定装置的绑带(binding)的固定装置。
根据另一个特征，板的可移动骨质锚定装置是至少一个带凹口板，该凹口被定向成可防止这个带凹口的板在插入椎骨后滑出，板的一端具有向内弯曲部分并可互锁到位于板周边附近内的开口的至少一个边缘上。
根据另一个特征，带凹口板上与具有向内弯曲部分的一端相对的一端包括有助于带凹口板插入椎骨的斜面。
根据另一个特征，位于板的周边附近的开口包括倾斜部分，在骨质锚定装置的弯曲部分互锁在这个开口的边缘时带凹口板斜靠在该倾斜部分上，因此这个倾斜部分允许设定骨质锚定装置相对板的角度并在插入到开口中时导引骨质锚定装置。
根据另一个特征，固定装置位于柔性凸块(tab)中，这些凸块向着骨质锚定装置的弯曲部分取向并在骨质锚定装置插入到板中开口时贴着板边缘后折，然后弹回从而在弯曲部分互锁到板中开口边缘上时斜靠在位于板中开口的壁体上的止动件(1imit stop)，以便防止骨质锚定装置滑出。
根据另一个特征，可移动骨质锚定装置的带凹口板的向内弯曲部分依靠同样带凹口的第二板延伸，这些凹口也被定向成防止插入到椎骨中后滑出。
根据另一个特征，板的可移动骨质锚定装置是至少一个带有凹口的翅形件，这些凹口被定向成防止翅形件在插入到在椎骨中形成的凹槽后滑出，翅形件的一端具有向内弯曲部分并将互锁到板周边附近的开口的至少一个边缘上。
根据另一个特征，固定翅形件的装置是至少一个立柱，所述立柱位于翅形件的下表面上并且将互锁到板的接触表面内的至少一个孔中，立柱和孔的形状和尺寸互补从而将翅形件固定在板上适当位置。
附图说明
本发明的其他特征和优势可通过参考附图阅读下面的说明而显然看出，其中：
-图1A、1B和1C分别表示按照本发明第一实施例的椎间盘假体的侧视图、有横截面平面A-A的后视图和沿所述平面A-A的横截面，
-图2A、2B和2C分别表示按照本发明第二实施例的椎间盘假体的侧视图、有横截面平面B-B的后视图和沿所述平面B-B的横截面，
-图3A和3B分别表示按照本发明第一实施例的椎间盘假体的有横截面平面C-C的后视图和沿所述平面C-C的横截面，而图3C和3D分别表示按照本发明第二实施例的椎间盘假体的有横截面平面D-D的后视图和沿所述平面D-D的横截面，
-图4A和图4B分别表示按照本发明椎间盘假体的骨质锚定装置第一实施例的俯视图和透视图，而图4C和图4D分别表示按照本发明椎间盘假体的骨质锚定装置第二实施例的俯视图和透视图，
-图5A、5B和5C分别表示按照本发明不同实施例的椎间盘假体的透视图、俯视图和侧视图。
具体实施方式
本发明涉及椎间盘假体，其包括至少两个相对彼此偏移的板(1，2)以便更有效地符合脊柱的解剖结构。如本申请前导中所解释的，椎骨通常彼此稍微偏移，因此它们的边缘，例如后边缘，没有垂直对齐。因此根据本发明的假体被设计成，板(1，2)的边缘没有垂直对齐而且具有相应于假体要插入其中的椎骨的边缘之间偏移的少量偏移。椎骨的偏移可事先精确测量以便选择其板(1，2)的偏移能完美地相应于椎骨偏移的假体。
根据本发明的假体的板(1和2)均包括一个几何中心(分别为G1和G2)，该几何中心一般可被定义为与位于板(1，2)周边的两个直径相对的点等距离的点。通常，椎间盘假体的板具有相对直的形状，且它们的几何中心可与位于板周边上的所有点等距离。与假体无关，几何中心可由与板周边等距离的点或表面定义。根据本发明的假体的板(1，2)的几何中心(G1，G2)没有垂直对齐，而是在垂直于脊柱垂直轴的至少一个方向上彼此偏移，例如在前后方向上彼此偏移。单个椎间盘假体的两个盘(1和2)通常基本尺寸相同，且板的几何中心(G1，G2)的这个偏移(D)造成板(1，2)边缘的偏移。在板尺寸不同的假体情形中，可以看到偏移板(1和2)的边缘以及几何中心(G1，G2)将导致彼此间更多的偏移。
在下面所述的不同实施例中，假体包括至少两个板(1和2)，也就是第一板(1)和第二板(2)，他们通过至少一个板的一个弯曲表面(11，31)(也就是关节)彼此铰接。关节的这个弯曲表面(11，31)允许通过绕基本垂直于板平面的轴转动而绕彼此转动板(1，2)，和/或通过绕基本沿着板(1，2)平面的轴的旋转而绕彼此倾斜板(1，2)。每个板(1，2)包括表面(14，24)，该表面作为接触表面要与假体要插入其间的椎骨中的一个椎骨的椎骨板接触。下面，为了方便，几何中心将相对于这个接触表面被定义，但必须理解对本发明是至关重要的是垂直轴通过几何中心，并且与几何中心在板宽度上的精确位置无关。在下述不同实施例中，因此每个板(1，2)包括与位于板(1，2)周边上至少两个直径相对点等距离的几何中心(G1，G2)。板(1，2)的几何中心(G1，G2)不是垂直对齐的，且板的几何中心(G1，G2)的这个偏移(D)造成板(1，2)的边缘在垂直于脊柱垂直轴的至少一个方向上偏移。
在图2A、2B、2C、3C和3D中所示的实施例中，假体仅包括两个元件：两个板(1，2)。在该情形中，第二板(2)包括关节的弯曲表面(31)，该弯曲表面的至少一个部分和与其互补的第一板(1)的关节的弯曲表面(11)配合。关节的这些弯曲表面(11，31)的配合允许绕彼此转动和/或倾斜板(1，2)。可定义与第二板(2)的关节的弯曲表面(31)的顶点垂直对齐的关节的中心(C)。与第二板(2)相比，关节的这个中心(C)相应于第一板(1)的弯曲表面(11)的中心的中间位置。在图中表示的实施例中，第一板(1)的弯曲表面(11)是凹面而第二板(2)的关节的弯曲表面(31)是凸面，但有的情形中也可以第一板(1)的弯曲表面(11)是凸面，而第二板(2)关节的弯曲表面(31)是凹面。
在图1A到1C、3A、3B和5A到5C所示的实施例中，假体也可包括核心(3)，其包括平面表面(33)和关节的弯曲表面(31)。在假体具有三个元件的情形中，仅第一板(1)包括关节(11)的弯曲表面，且该表面和与其互补的核心(3)的弯曲表面(31)的至少一个部分配合，从而允许绕彼此转动和/或倾斜板(1，2)。核心(3)的平面表面(33)与第二板(2)的平面表面(23)的至少一个部分配合，从而允许核心(3)相对第二板(2)在垂直于脊柱垂直轴的至少一个方向上平移，并且/或者通过绕基本垂直于这些平面表面的平面旋转使核心(3)相对第二板(2)旋转。第二板(2)包括配合装置(22)，该装置和与核心(3)的配合装置(32)互补，以便至少限制或消除核心(3)相对第二板(2)的这个平移。在图中所示的实施例中，第二板(2)的配合装置(22)是位于第二板(2)的边缘附近并与核心(3)的公装置配合的母装置。在图中所示的实施例中，核心(3)的这些公配合装置(32)是两个位于核心(3)两个侧边缘上的两个立柱，而第二板(2)的母配合装置(22)是四个壁体，这些壁体成对位于第二板(2)的两个侧边缘的每一个上。这些壁体包括向内弯曲部分，其朝向板(2)的中心并部分覆盖核心(3)的公配合装置(32)，以便防止核心(3)提升。在本发明的另一个实施例中，第二板(2)的配合装置(22)可以是位于第二板(2)的边缘附近并与核心(3)的母装置(32)配合的公装置。在本发明的一个实施例中，每个公配合装置(32，22)的尺寸可稍小于母配合装置(22，32)的尺寸，以便允许绕相应于关节中心(C)的垂直投影的位置在核心(3)和第二板(2)之间的少量移动。在另一个实施例中，每个公配合装置(32，22)的尺寸可与每个母配合装置(22，32)的尺寸基本相同，以便防止在核心(3)和第二板(2)之间的任何移动，并将核心(3)保持在相应于关节中心(C)的垂直投影的位置上。
在具有三个元件的假体的情形中，关节的中心(C)与核心(3)的关节的弯曲表面(31)的顶点垂直对齐，并相应于在第二板(2)的配合装置(22)之间的核心(3)的中间位置和相应于相对核心(3)的第一板(1)的弯曲表面(11)的中心的中间位置。在图中表示的实施例中，第一板(1)的弯曲表面(11)是凹面，而核心(3)的弯曲表面(31)是凸面，但也可以第一板(1)的弯曲表面(11)是凸面，而核心(3)的弯曲表面(31)是凹面。
在本发明的实施例中，关节的中心(C)与第一板(1)的几何中心(G1)垂直对齐，但在垂直于脊柱垂直轴的至少一个方向上相对第二板(2)的几何中心(G2)偏移。板的几何中心(G1，G2)的这个偏移(D)造成板(1，2)的边缘在垂直于脊柱垂直轴的至少一个方向上产生偏移。在本发明的另一个实施例中，关节的中心(C)也可以相对第一板(1)的几何中心(G1)偏移。关节的中心(C)相对第一板(1)的几何中心(G1)的这个偏移可在其相对第二板(2)的几何中心(G2)的偏移(D)的相反方向上，因此关节中心(C)的垂直投影位于板(1，2)的几何中心(G1，G2)的垂直投影之间，且因此几何中心(G1，G2)相对关节中心(C)的偏移累积并造成板(1，2)的边缘在垂直于脊柱垂直轴的至少一个方向上的偏移。关节中心(C)相对第一板(1)的几何中心(G1)的这个偏移也可在其相对第二板(2)的几何中心(G2)的偏移(D)的相同方向上，但距离较短，以便这些偏移彼此部分补偿，并造成在垂直于脊柱垂直轴的至少一个方向上、在他们之间的板(1，2)的边缘的偏移。
有益的是，根据本发明的假体允许补偿了要在其间插入假体的椎骨的倾斜缺陷。表示板(1，2)的接触表面(14，24)的中间平面因此可基本平行或形成锐角。这个角度获得的倾斜允许假体的整个形状适应脊柱的解剖结构，或校正要植入假体的病人的椎骨任何可能的倾斜缺陷。相同的板(1，2)装配有不同厚度和/或尺寸和/或形状的核心(3)。板(1，2)至少在前边缘上包括至少一个促进假体插入到椎骨之间的斜面(12)。
根据本发明一个实施例的假体包括可移除(或可移动)骨质锚定装置(4A，4B)，其允许将板(1，2)锚定到椎骨上。这些骨质锚定装置(4A，4B)和/或板(1，2)因此可包括在板(1，2)上的骨质锚定装置(4A，4B)的绑带的固定装置(43和/或211，212)。
在可移动骨质锚定装置(4B)的第一实施例中，由于向内弯曲的部分(41)，至少一个带凹口(42)的板(40)互锁到板(1，2)的周边附近开口的至少一个边缘(21)上，这些凹口被定向成防止该带凹口板(40)在插入到椎骨后滑出。因此，这些可移动骨质锚定装置(4B)可插入到椎骨中，并且在假体插入到椎骨间后互锁到假体的板上。可移动骨质锚定装置(4B)的这个实施例允许可以在最终绑定之前调整椎骨间假体位置。带凹口板(40)上与带向内弯曲部分(41)的一端相对的一端可包括斜面，该斜面促进带凹口板(40)插入到椎骨中。板(1，2)的周边附近的开口可包括倾斜部分(210)，当骨质锚定装置(4B)的弯曲部分(41)互锁到这个开口的边缘(21)上时，带凹口板(40)斜靠在该倾斜部分上。该倾斜部分(210)允许设定骨质锚定装置(4B)相对板的角度，并在这些骨质锚定装置被插入到开口中时对其进行导引。固定装置(43)可以是柔性凸块(43)，这些凸块被定向成朝着骨质锚定装置(4B)的弯曲部分(41)并且在骨质锚定装置(4B)插入到板(1，2)中的开口时贴着板(40)的边缘后折。在弯曲部分(41)互锁到板(1，2)中开口的边缘(21)上时，这些柔性凸块(43)分开斜靠在位于板(1，2)中开口的壁体上的止动件(211)上，以防止骨质锚定装置(4B)滑出。在可替换实施例中，可移动骨质锚定装置(4)的带凹口板(40)的向内弯曲部分(41)通过第二板(40)来延伸，该第二板也具有凹口(42)，这些凹口被定向成防止板(40)插入到椎骨中后滑出。
在板(1，2)的可移动骨质锚定装置(4A，4B)的第二实施例中，至少一个翅形件(4A)形成有凹口(42)，这些凹口被定向成防止翅形件(4A)在插入到在椎骨中形成的凹槽内后滑出。翅形件(4A)的一端具有向内弯曲部分(41)并将互锁到板(1，2)周边附近开口的至少一个边缘(21)上。翅形件(4A)的固定装置(43)因此可以是位于翅形件(4A)下表面的至少一个立柱(43)，并将互锁到板(1，2)的接触表面(14，24)上的至少一个孔(210)中。立柱(43)和孔(210)的形状和尺寸互补从而将翅形件(4A)固定在板(1，2)上。在该实施例中，将在其间插入假体的椎骨先由外科医生通过将中间挖空而制备，在椎骨板中，凹槽的形状和尺寸与翅形件(4A)的形状和尺寸互补。
对本领域技术人员来说显而易见的是，本发明允许实施例有多种其他特定形式的同时保持在如权利要求的本发明的范畴内。因此，实施例应当被认为是纯说明性的，并可在权利要求限定的范围内修改，且本发明不局限于前述细节描述。

Claims (23)

1.一种植入在脊柱的椎骨之间的椎间盘假体，其包括至少两个板(1，2)，即第一板(1)和第二板(2)，所述第一和第二板(1，2)通过包括第一平面关节表面(33)和第二弯曲关节表面(31)的核心(3)绕彼此铰接，所述第一板(1)包括第一弯曲关节表面(11)，该第一弯曲关节表面(11)和与其互补的所述核心(3)的所述第二弯曲关节表面(31)的至少一个部件配合以便允许所述第一和第二板(1，2)相对彼此转动和/或倾斜，所述核心(3)的所述第一平面关节表面(33)和所述第二板(2)的第二平面关节表面(23)的至少一个部件配合以便允许所述核心(3)相对所述第二板(2)在垂直于所述脊柱的垂直轴的至少一个方向内平移和/或旋转，所述第二板(2)包括与所述核心(3)的配合装置(32)互补的配合装置(22)，以允许限制或消除至少所述核心(3)相对所述第二板(2)的平移，所述第一和第二弯曲关节表面(11，31)具有与所述假体的关节中心(C)垂直对齐的顶点，每个所述第一和第二板(1，2)均包括边缘和称为接触表面的表面(14，24)，该表面将与要在其中植入所述假体的椎骨中的一个椎骨的椎骨板接触，每个所述第一和第二板(1，2)的这个接触表面包括几何中心(G1，G2)，所述几何中心(G1，G2)与位于所述第一和第二板(1，2)的周边的直径相对的至少两个点等距离，其特征在于：
-所述假体的关节中心(C)与所述核心(3)的所述第二弯曲关节表面(31)的顶点垂直对齐，该顶点相应于在所述第二板(2)的配合装置(22)之间的所述核心(3)的中间位置并且相应于相对所述核心(3)在所述第一板(1)的所述第一弯曲关节表面(11)的中心的中间位置；
-所述关节中心(C)与所述第一板(1)的几何中心(G1)垂直对齐，但是所述第二板(2)的配合装置(22)之间的所述核心(3)的中间位置相对所述第二板(2)的几何中心(G2)在垂直于所述脊柱的垂直轴的至少一个方向上偏移，因此所述关节中心(C)相对所述第二板(2)的几何中心(G2)偏移；
-所述第一和第二板的所述接触表面(14，24)具有基本相同的尺寸且因此所述第一和第二板(1，2)的所述边缘也在垂直于所述脊柱的垂直轴的至少一个方向上偏移。
2.如权利要求1所述的椎间盘假体，其特征在于所述第一板(1)的所述弯曲表面(11)是凹面，而所述核心(3)的所述弯曲表面(31)是凸面。
3.如权利要求1所述的椎间盘假体，其特征在于所述第一板(1)的所述弯曲表面(11)是凸面，而所述核心(3)的所述弯曲表面(31)是凹面。
4.如权利要求1到3中一项权利要求所述的椎间盘假体，其特征在于所述第二板(2)的所述配合装置(22)是位于所述第二板(2)的边缘附近并与所述核心(3)的公装置(32)配合的母装置。
5.如权利要求4所述的椎间盘假体，其特征在于每个公配合装置(32)的尺寸比母配合装置(22)的尺寸稍小，从而允许所述核心(3)在所述第二板(2)的所述配合装置(22)之间的所述核心(3)的所述中间位置附近、相应于所述第二板(2)上的关节中心(C)的垂直投影处具有少量移动。
6.如权利要求4所述的椎间盘假体，其特征在于每个公配合装置(32)的尺寸与每个母配合装置(22)的尺寸基本相同，以便将所述核心(3)保持在所述第二板(2)的所述配合装置(22)之间的所述核心(3)的所述中间位置处、相应于所述第二板(2)上的关节中心(C)的垂直投影。
7.如权利要求1到3中一项权利要求所述的椎间盘假体，其特征在于所述第二板(2)的所述配合装置(22)是位于所述第二板(2)的边缘附近并与所述核心(3)的母装置(32)配合的公装置。
8.如权利要求7所述的椎间盘假体，其特征在于每个公配合装置(22)的尺寸比每个母配合装置(32)的尺寸稍小，以便允许所述核心(3)在所述第二板(2)的所述配合装置(22)之间的所述核心(3)的所述中间位置附近、相应于所述第二板(2)上的关节中心(C)的垂直投影处具有少量移动。
9.如权利要求7所述的椎间盘假体，其特征在于每个公配合装置(22)的尺寸与每个母配合装置(32)的尺寸基本相同，以便将所述核心(3)保持在所述第二板(2)的所述配合装置(22)之间的所述核心(3)的所述中间位置处、相应于所述第二板(2)上的关节中心(C)的垂直投影。
10.如权利要求4所述的椎间盘假体，其特征在于所述核心(3)的公配合装置(32)是位于所述核心(3)的两个侧边缘上的两个立柱，而所述第二板(2)的母配合装置(22)是四个壁体，所述壁体成对位于所述第二板(2)的两个侧边缘的每一个侧边缘上。
11.如权利要求10所述的椎间盘假体，其特征在于所述第二板(2)的母配合装置(22)包括盘状部分，该盘状部分朝向所述第二板(2)的中心并部分覆盖所述核心(3)的公配合装置(32)，以便防止所述核心(3)提升。
12.如权利要求1所述的椎间盘假体，其特征在于代表所述第一和第二板(1，2)的所述接触表面(14，24)的中间平面基本平行或形成锐角，由该角度获得的倾斜允许所述假体的整个形状适应所述脊柱的解剖结构，或可能校正要植入假体的病人的椎骨的任何倾斜缺陷。
13.如权利要求1所述的椎间盘假体，其特征在于所述第一和/或第二板(1，2)至少在前边缘上包括有利于所述假体插入到所述椎骨之间的至少一个斜面(12)。
14.如权利要求1所述的椎间盘假体，其特征在于相同的第一和第二板(1，2)可组装到不同厚度和/或尺寸和/或形状的核心(3)上。
15.如权利要求1所述的椎间盘假体，其特征在于所述第一和/或第二板(1，2)包括可移动骨质锚定装置(4A，4B)。
16.如权利要求15所述的椎间盘假体，其特征在于所述骨质锚定装置(4A，4B)和/或所述第一和/或第二板(1，2)包括将所述骨质锚定装置(4A，4B)固定在所述第一和/或第二板(1，2)上的固定装置(43；211，212)。
17.如权利要求15所述的椎间盘假体，其特征在于所述第一和/或第二板(1，2)的所述可移动骨质锚定装置(4B)包括至少一个带凹口(42)的板(40)，所述凹口(42)被定向成防止所述带凹口的板(40)插入到所述椎骨后滑出，所述带凹口的板(40)的一端具有向内弯曲部分(41)并将互锁到位于所述第一和/或第二板(1，2)周边附近的开口的至少一个边缘(21)上。
18.如权利要求17所述的椎间盘假体，其特征在于所述带凹口的板(40)上与有所述向内弯曲部分(41)的一端相对的一端包括有利于所述带凹口的板(40)插入到所述椎骨中的斜面。
19.如权利要求17所述的椎间盘假体，其特征在于位于所述第一和/或第二板(1，2)周边附近的开口包括倾斜部分(210)，所述带凹口的板(40)在所述骨质锚定装置(4B)的所述向内弯曲部分(41)互锁到该开口的边缘(21)上时斜靠在所述倾斜部分(210)上，该倾斜部分(210)因此允许设置所述骨质锚定装置(4B)相对所述第一和/或第二板的角度，并在所述骨质锚定装置被插入到这个开口中时导引它们。
20.如权利要求17所述的椎间盘假体，其特征在于所述固定装置(43)是柔性凸块(43)，这些柔性凸块(43)被定向成朝向所述骨质锚定装置(4B)的所述向内弯曲部分(41)并在所述骨质锚定装置(4B)插入到所述第一和/或第二板(1，2)的开口中时贴着所述带凹口的板(40)的边缘后折，然后弹回以便在所述向内弯曲部分(41)锁定到所述第一和/或第二板(1，2)中所述开口的边缘(21)上时，斜靠位于所述第一和/或第二板(1，2)中开口的壁体上的止动件(211)，从而防止所述骨质锚定装置(4B)滑出。
21.如权利要求17所述的椎间盘假体，其特征在于可移动骨质锚定装置(4B)的所述带凹口的板(40)的向内弯曲部分(41)通过也带有凹口(42)的第二带凹口的板(40)延伸，这些凹口(42)被定向成防止所述第二带凹口的板(40)在插入到所述椎骨后滑出。
22.如权利要求15或16所述的椎间盘假体，其特征在于所述第一和/或第二板(1，2)的可移动骨质锚定装置(4A，4B)是带有凹口(42)的至少一个翅形件(4A)，这些凹口(42)被定向成防止翅形件(4A)在插入到椎骨中构成的凹槽后滑出，所述翅形件(4A)的一端具有向内弯曲部分(41)并将互锁到所述第一和/或第二板(1，2)周边附近的开口的至少一个边缘上(21)。
23.如权利要求22所述的椎间盘假体，其特征在于所述翅形件(4A)的固定装置(43)是至少一个立柱(43)，所述立柱(43)位于所述翅形件(4A)的下表面上并将互锁到所述第一和/或第二板(1，2)的所述接触表面(14，24)中的至少一个孔(210)内，所述立柱(43)和所述孔(210)的形状和尺寸互补以便将所述翅形件(4A)固定在所述第一和/或第二板(1，2)上的适当位置内。
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BRPI0616045A2 (pt) 2011-06-07
KR101333755B1 (ko) 2013-12-02
US20110077739A1 (en) 2011-03-31
CA2622028C (en) 2014-04-01
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US7842088B2 (en) 2010-11-30
RU2401085C2 (ru) 2010-10-10
PT1968500E (pt) 2012-02-16
US8979932B2 (en) 2015-03-17
US20070073404A1 (en) 2007-03-29
EP1968500B1 (en) 2011-12-21
US9597194B2 (en) 2017-03-21
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US20170252179A1 (en) 2017-09-07
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US10492919B2 (en) 2019-12-03
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US20200170805A1 (en) 2020-06-04
US11872138B2 (en) 2024-01-16
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