CN101417706B - 用于把飞机轮子的轮胎连接至飞机的气动单元的装置 - Google Patents

用于把飞机轮子的轮胎连接至飞机的气动单元的装置 Download PDF

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CN101417706B
CN101417706B CN2008101691622A CN200810169162A CN101417706B CN 101417706 B CN101417706 B CN 101417706B CN 2008101691622 A CN2008101691622 A CN 2008101691622A CN 200810169162 A CN200810169162 A CN 200810169162A CN 101417706 B CN101417706 B CN 101417706B
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CN101417706A (zh
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O·科列特
J-C·普拉迪尔
B·麦斯
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Safran Landing Systems SAS
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
    • B60C23/00—Devices for measuring, signalling, controlling, or distributing tyre pressure or temperature, specially adapted for mounting on vehicles; Arrangement of tyre inflating devices on vehicles, e.g. of pumps or of tanks; Tyre cooling arrangements
    • B60C23/001—Devices for manually or automatically controlling or distributing tyre pressure whilst the vehicle is moving
    • B60C23/003—Devices for manually or automatically controlling or distributing tyre pressure whilst the vehicle is moving comprising rotational joints between vehicle-mounted pressure sources and the tyres
    • B60C23/00309—Devices for manually or automatically controlling or distributing tyre pressure whilst the vehicle is moving comprising rotational joints between vehicle-mounted pressure sources and the tyres characterised by the location of the components, e.g. valves, sealings, conduits or sensors
    • B60C23/00336—Devices for manually or automatically controlling or distributing tyre pressure whilst the vehicle is moving comprising rotational joints between vehicle-mounted pressure sources and the tyres characterised by the location of the components, e.g. valves, sealings, conduits or sensors on the axles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
    • B60C23/00—Devices for measuring, signalling, controlling, or distributing tyre pressure or temperature, specially adapted for mounting on vehicles; Arrangement of tyre inflating devices on vehicles, e.g. of pumps or of tanks; Tyre cooling arrangements
    • B60C23/001—Devices for manually or automatically controlling or distributing tyre pressure whilst the vehicle is moving
    • B60C23/003—Devices for manually or automatically controlling or distributing tyre pressure whilst the vehicle is moving comprising rotational joints between vehicle-mounted pressure sources and the tyres
    • B60C23/00309—Devices for manually or automatically controlling or distributing tyre pressure whilst the vehicle is moving comprising rotational joints between vehicle-mounted pressure sources and the tyres characterised by the location of the components, e.g. valves, sealings, conduits or sensors
    • B60C23/00318—Devices for manually or automatically controlling or distributing tyre pressure whilst the vehicle is moving comprising rotational joints between vehicle-mounted pressure sources and the tyres characterised by the location of the components, e.g. valves, sealings, conduits or sensors on the wheels or the hubs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
    • B60C23/00—Devices for measuring, signalling, controlling, or distributing tyre pressure or temperature, specially adapted for mounting on vehicles; Arrangement of tyre inflating devices on vehicles, e.g. of pumps or of tanks; Tyre cooling arrangements
    • B60C23/001—Devices for manually or automatically controlling or distributing tyre pressure whilst the vehicle is moving
    • B60C23/003—Devices for manually or automatically controlling or distributing tyre pressure whilst the vehicle is moving comprising rotational joints between vehicle-mounted pressure sources and the tyres
    • B60C23/00345—Details of the rotational joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
    • B60C23/00—Devices for measuring, signalling, controlling, or distributing tyre pressure or temperature, specially adapted for mounting on vehicles; Arrangement of tyre inflating devices on vehicles, e.g. of pumps or of tanks; Tyre cooling arrangements
    • B60C23/001—Devices for manually or automatically controlling or distributing tyre pressure whilst the vehicle is moving
    • B60C23/003—Devices for manually or automatically controlling or distributing tyre pressure whilst the vehicle is moving comprising rotational joints between vehicle-mounted pressure sources and the tyres
    • B60C23/00354—Details of valves
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
    • B60C23/00—Devices for measuring, signalling, controlling, or distributing tyre pressure or temperature, specially adapted for mounting on vehicles; Arrangement of tyre inflating devices on vehicles, e.g. of pumps or of tanks; Tyre cooling arrangements
    • B60C23/001—Devices for manually or automatically controlling or distributing tyre pressure whilst the vehicle is moving
    • B60C23/003—Devices for manually or automatically controlling or distributing tyre pressure whilst the vehicle is moving comprising rotational joints between vehicle-mounted pressure sources and the tyres
    • B60C23/00363—Details of sealings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
    • B60C2200/00—Tyres specially adapted for particular applications
    • B60C2200/02—Tyres specially adapted for particular applications for aircrafts
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/7722—Line condition change responsive valves
    • Y10T137/7837—Direct response valves [i.e., check valve type]
    • Y10T137/7876—With external means for opposing bias

Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于选择性地把飞机轮胎连接至飞机的气动单元的装置，轮胎构成安装成在飞机的空心轮轴上转动的飞机轮子的一部分，这种装置包括定子(11)和转子(12)，转子安装成相对于定子转动并包括能使飞机轮子驱动它转动的装置(13)。根据本发明，定子是钟状的，被设计成以推压配合容纳在空心轮轴内，并包括端壁(19)，该端壁装有第一气动口，用于通过设在空心轮轴内的管子连接至气动单元，转子基本上在定子内延伸。

Description

用于把飞机轮子的轮胎连接至飞机的气动单元的装置
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于把飞机轮子的轮胎连接至飞机的气动单元的装置。
背景技术
众所周知，飞机上有用于把轮子的轮胎连接至机上的气动单元的装置。气动单元可以是能够以适于给轮胎充气的压力提供气体的空气压缩机、氮气发生器、或任何其它系统。根据由气动单元提供的压力是大于还是小于轮胎内的压力，轮胎将被充气或放气。在飞机是处在地面上时，可将气动单元连接至外部压力源。
文件GB 1 031 726描绘出这样一种装置，其某些元件是装在飞机轮轴的外面。具体地说，飞机轮子装有保护盖，其盖住轮轴的端部并将轮胎的隔离阀罩盖在其内。隔离阀的那样一种布置使得其容易受到外部碰撞。而且，阀是由可在轮轴的轴向节流孔内运动的针杆驱动的。那种型式的装置不适用于通常有空心轮轴的现代飞机。此外，它包括多个可独立拆解的零件(轮轴内的针杆、轮子盖内的阀)，这不便于这些零件的维护。
文件US 2 107 405和US 2 685 906揭示了其它的装置，它们更适用于陆地车辆。特别是，文件US 2 685 906中揭示的装置，按照其权利要求1的前序部分，被认为是有利于做成完整的模件而可被作为一个整体进行拆装，当然是要先断开气体连接管路。可是，那种装置是从轮子向外突出，因而容易受到碰撞。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种用于调整构成飞机轮子之一部分的轮胎内的压力的装置，它是基于文件US 2 685 906揭示的装置，但它被更好地保护起来了。
按照本发明，提供一种用于选择性地把飞机轮胎连接至飞机的气动单元的装置，飞机轮胎构成安装成在飞机的空心轮轴上转动的飞机轮子的一部分，这种装置包括：
●定子和转子，该转子安装成绕在工作时重合于飞机轮子的转动轴线的轴线相对于定子转动，并包括用于使飞机轮子能够驱动它转动的装置；
●密封件，该密封件在转子和定子之间延伸以封闭在定子和转子之间延伸的第一腔室，并且第一气动口开向该第一腔室，该第一气动口设置在定子上用于将本发明的装置连接至飞机的气动单元；
●转子限定第二腔室，第二气动口开向该第二腔室，用于将本发明的装置连接至飞机轮胎；
●转子装有延伸穿过转子的壁的阀，该壁把第一腔室和第二腔室隔开，通过打开该阀，可使这两个腔室选择性地气动连通；以及
●定子装有致动器，该致动器可选择性地作用于所述阀以在稳定的关闭状态和打开状态之间转换。
按照本发明，定子是钟状的，被设计成以推压配合容纳在空心轮轴内，并有端壁，端壁装有第一气动口，用于通过设在空心轮轴内的管子连接至飞机的气动单元，转子基本上在定子内延伸。
这样，整个装置是被安装在空心轮轴内而得到防外部碰撞保护。而且，把第一气动口布置在端壁上使得更便于将这种装置通过敷设在空心轮轴内部的管子连接至飞机的气动单元。
优选的是，致动器是机电式的。采用机电式致动器使得可将致动器完全安装在所述第一腔室内，无需为起动致动器而在定子内设置致动器室，也无需增设气动口。来自气动单元的有压力的气体可从第一气动口流向被机电式致动器顶开的阀。不过，只有在阀被打开时，也就是只有在致动器被起动时，气体才能流进轮胎。
附图说明
为使本发明可被更好地理解，下面参照附图说明本发明，各附图中：
图1是安装在飞机轮轴上的轮子的剖视图，这个轮轴上装有本发明的一特定实施例的装置；以及
图2是图1中所示的装置的放大比例的剖视图。
具体实施方式
参照图1，其表示出本发明的装置10被安装就位在装备有气动气体发生器的飞机上，气体发生器例如是接收来自空气分离系统的氮气的压气机，而空气分离系统可将从空气中分离出来的氧气送给飞机的氧气回路以及将分离出来的氮气送给压气机。飞机的至少一个轮子1有胎环2，胎环2上装有轮胎3并被安装成借助球轴承5可绕转动轴线X在空心的轮轴4上转动。本发明的装置10安装在空心轮轴4的端部并包括定子11，定子11以推压配合安装在空心轮轴4内并由紧固措施(未示)紧固于轮轴4。装置10还包括可转动地安装在定子11内的转子12。下面参照图2更详细地说明装置10。重要的是，要能看出，借助伸出而与固定于轮子1的保护帽14协作的指状件13，可使转子12随轮子一起转动。
参照图2，可以看到，定子11是大致钟状的并被设计成以推压配合安装在该图中以虚线表示的空心轮轴4内，而且，定子11，除其端部突缘靠在轮轴的端面上之外，几乎完全被安装在轮轴内。定子11的端壁19上有第一气动口15，其用于通过在空心轮轴4内延伸的管子16把装置10连接于飞机的气动单元。转子12被完全装配在定子11内并被安装成借助球轴承26可在定子11内转动。转子12有第二气动口17，其用于通过延伸于转子12和胎环2之间的管子18把装置10连接至轮胎。
这一组件特别紧凑并被完全安装在空心轮轴4的内部，所以它被保护成不会受到任何外部碰撞。
定子11和转子12一起限定第一腔室20，第一腔室20被装在转子12内与圆柱形支承表面22协作的唇形密封件21封闭，而表面22是由定子11的伸进转子12内的轴向突部28的外壁形成的。轴向突部28限定轴向罩壳23，其开向第一腔室20并且其内装配有细长的机电式致动器24，致动器24由环25轴向止动。第一气动口15开通于罩壳23进而开通于第一腔室20，由于致动器24是可透气的，所以对气体的通过不会构成阻碍。在这一实施例中，致动器24沿着轴线X延伸并且有可沿着所述轴线X运动的端头致动件
还有，转子12限定与第二气动口17相通的第二腔室30。壁31把第二腔室30隔离于第一腔室20，但壁31上装有沿着转动轴线X穿过它的阀32。阀32在常态是关闭的，所以它可把两个腔室互相隔离。但是，阀32可被推动它的阀杆的致动器24的端头致动件顶开，从而阀32打开而使两个腔室20、30互相气动连通。
为了校正轮胎内的压力，可使轮胎内部连通至气动单元。为此，应操控致动器24使其打开阀32而使分别连接至气动单元和轮胎的腔室20和30互相连通。然后将阀32保持打开一段足以使轮胎内建立起所希望的压力的时间。
校正轮胎压力的操作通常是只能在飞机处于飞行中时或飞机停止在地面上时进行。在这样的状态下，唇形密封件21是在飞机轮子不转动的情况下承受压力。这样可使唇形密封件21不易漏气。不过，就是唇形密封件21有少量漏气也无妨，只要漏气流量远小于可确保轮胎被充满的充气流量就可以了。在一个变化方案中，可以用任何其它型式的密封垫，只需其能够承受转动摩擦并至少在飞机轮子不转动时能建立气密。
采用机电式致动器使得可以不必像文件US 2 685 906的图5所示的实施例中那样为控制致动器而设置第二气源。在轮轴内安排两个气动管路将是很难的。而且，机电式致动器可被完全布置在第一腔室内，如同那个文件的图4所示的第一实施例那样，不过这里是可独立地控制机电式致动器，由气动单元使轮胎压力升高，这在那个图4所示的实施例中是不可能的。
本发明的装置的构造，由于其转子12被强迫随飞机轮子转动，还使得便于设置轮子转动传感器。这样，可将测速器50布置在本发明的装置内，测速器50有紧固于定子11的固定部分51和紧固于转子12并对齐于固定部分51延伸的转动部分52，这两个部分之间通过电磁结构远距离地互相作用。电磁的互相作用使固定部分51内以已知的方式产生与转子12的进而飞机轮子的转速成比例的电流。那么，只要测定在固定部分51内流动的电流，就可确定飞机轮子的转速。
还有，本发明的装置的构造还使得便于设置轮胎压力传感器。这样，可将压力传感器60布置在转子12上来测量第二腔室30内的压力，这个压力就是轮胎内的压力，因为第二腔室30是与轮胎气体连通的。压力传感器60是无线电类型的，它可以接收来自安装在定子11上的天线61的电能而处在通过电磁结构与压力传感器60远距离互相作用的位置，不管转子12处在什么角度位置。反过来，压力传感器60影响作为转子12内的压力的函数的天线61的阻抗。那么，只要测量天线61内的电流，就能确定轮胎内的压力，或者也可以测量与天线61有关并随压力变化的任何其它电量(电压、阻抗……)。以这种方式布置的压力传感器可取代通常直接装在飞机轮子胎环上的传感器。
因此，本发明的装置中采用的各传感器可得到很好的防外部碰撞保护。
测速器50的固定部分51、天线61、以及致动器24都是通过从定子11的端壁19伸出的电连接器70以及通过沿着轮轴4延伸的电缆71电连接于飞机。
本发明不限于以上的描述，而是涵盖属于权利要求书所定义的范围内的任何变化方案。
具体地说，尽管表示出的装置有完全装配在定子里的转子，但是，也可以设置从定子突出一些的转子，例如让第二气动口部分突出于定子的端面，这也不超出本发明的范围。

Claims (6)

1.一种用于选择性地把飞机轮胎连接于飞机的气动单元的装置，所述轮胎构成安装成在所述飞机的空心轮轴上转动的飞机轮子的一部分，所述装置包括：
●定子(11)和转子(12)，所述转子(12)安装成绕在工作时重合于所述飞机轮子的转动轴线(X)的轴线相对于所述定子(11)转动，并包括用于使所述飞机轮子能够驱动它转动的装置(13)；
●密封件(21)，所述密封件(21)在所述转子和所述定子之间延伸以封闭在所述定子和所述转子之间延伸的第一腔室(20)，并且第一气动口(15)开向所述第一腔室，所述第一气动口设置在所述定子上用于将所述装置连接至所述气动单元；
●所述转子限定第二腔室(30)，第二气动口(17)开向所述第二腔室，用于将所述装置连接至所述轮胎；
●所述转子装有延伸穿过所述转子的壁(31)的阀(32)，所述壁(31)把所述第一腔室和第二腔室隔开，通过打开所述阀，可使所述两个腔室选择性地气动连通；以及
●所述定子装有致动器(24)，所述致动器(24)可选择性地作用于所述阀以在稳定的关闭状态和打开状态之间转换；
所述用于选择性地把飞机轮胎连接于飞机的气动单元的装置的特征在于，所述转子安装在所述定子上，所述定子是钟状的，被设计成以推压配合容纳在所述轮轴内，并有端壁(19)，所述端壁(19)装有所述第一气动口，用于通过设在所述轮轴内的管子连接至所述气动单元，所述转子基本上在所述定子内延伸，
其特征在于，所述装置包括测速器，所述测速器具有安装在所述定子(11)上的固定部分和安装在所述转子(12)上的转动部分。
2.如权利要求1所述的装置，其特征在于，所述密封件是唇形密封件(21)，所述唇形密封件(21)在所述转子(12)和圆柱形支承表面(22)之间延伸，所述圆柱形支承表面(22)由所述定子(11)的配合进所述转子内的轴向突部(28)的外壁形成。
3.如权利要求2所述的装置，其特征在于，所述轴向突部(28)限定轴向罩壳，所述轴向罩壳开向所述第一腔室并且接纳所述致动器(24)。
4.如权利要求3所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第一气动口(15)布置成轴向地开向所述轴向罩壳。
5.如权利要求1所述的装置，其特征在于，所述致动器是机电式的。
6.如权利要求1所述的装置，其特征在于，所述装置包括压力传感器，所述压力传感器装在所述转子上，用于测量所述第二腔室(30)内的压力。
CN2008101691622A 2007-10-23 2008-10-23 用于把飞机轮子的轮胎连接至飞机的气动单元的装置 Expired - Fee Related CN101417706B (zh)

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