CN101612435B - 血管进入装置 - Google Patents

血管进入装置 Download PDF

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CN101612435B
CN101612435B CN2009101505375A CN200910150537A CN101612435B CN 101612435 B CN101612435 B CN 101612435B CN 2009101505375 A CN2009101505375 A CN 2009101505375A CN 200910150537 A CN200910150537 A CN 200910150537A CN 101612435 B CN101612435 B CN 101612435B
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dilator
sheath
syringe needle
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needle
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CN101612435A (zh
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迈克尔·塔尔
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Yale University
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M25/00—Catheters; Hollow probes
    • A61M25/01—Introducing, guiding, advancing, emplacing or holding catheters
    • A61M25/06—Body-piercing guide needles or the like
    • A61M25/0606—"Over-the-needle" catheter assemblies, e.g. I.V. catheters
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M25/00—Catheters; Hollow probes
    • A61M25/01—Introducing, guiding, advancing, emplacing or holding catheters
    • A61M25/06—Body-piercing guide needles or the like
    • A61M25/0662—Guide tubes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M25/00—Catheters; Hollow probes
    • A61M25/01—Introducing, guiding, advancing, emplacing or holding catheters
    • A61M25/06—Body-piercing guide needles or the like
    • A61M25/0693—Flashback chambers
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M25/00—Catheters; Hollow probes
    • A61M25/01—Introducing, guiding, advancing, emplacing or holding catheters
    • A61M25/06—Body-piercing guide needles or the like
    • A61M25/0662—Guide tubes
    • A61M2025/0687—Guide tubes having means for atraumatic insertion in the body or protection of the tip of the sheath during insertion, e.g. special designs of dilators, needles or sheaths
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M29/00—Dilators with or without means for introducing media, e.g. remedies

Abstract

本发明公开了一种血管进入装置，包括一针头，其具有一远端顶部和一近端安装部；以及一扩张器，其具有一与一实心近端部相连的实心远端部和一介于二者之间的环形槽，扩张器具有一通路，从而扩张器绕针头同轴布置。针头具有至少一个接近其远端顶部设置的开口，从而当针头的远端进入血管时，血液进入环形槽以向操作人员显示进入操作已经完成。该装置选择性地包括一护套，其具有一远端顶部、一近端安装部、以及一足以同轴安装在扩张器上的腔管。

Description

血管进入装置
本发明是中国专利号02826146.1、发明名称为“血管进入装置”、国际申请日为2002年12月24日的分案申请。
相关申请的引用
本申请基于尚未批准的美国临时专利申请提出，序列号为No.60/343,814，申请日为2002年12月26日。
技术领域
本发明涉及血管进入技术，更具体而言，本发明涉及一种使用起来比现有技术的装置更为简单、安全并且快捷的血管进入装置。
背景技术
一种用于将导管或血管护套插入血管内的优选非外科方法涉及使用Seldinger技术，包括一插入病人血管中的进入针头。一导丝通过所述针头插入并进入血管。将该针头取下，然后将一扩张器与护套联合装置在导丝上插入。然后将扩张器与护套联合装置通过组织插入血管内一小段距离，此后取下扩张器并且将其丢弃。然后将导管通过护套插入血管内至一预定位置。
目前已公知许多种血管进入装置。作为例子引入作为参考的可参见美国专利4,581,019、4,629,450、4,772,264、4,978,334、5,158,544、5,424,410、5,312,355、5,512,052、5,728,132、5,885,217、5,919,160、6,120,494、6,179,823以及6,210,366，其中描述了各种用于进入血管的装置。但是，这些装置中没有一种具有医生所中意的使用起来简单且安全的性能，因此需要提供一种使用更为简单且更为安全的血管进入装置，尤其是一种可清楚显示血管已被刺穿的装置。
发明内容
本发明的目的之一在于提供血管进入装置。
本发明的另一目的在于提供一种更为简单、安全且快捷的血管进入装置。
本发明的另一目的在于提供一种血管进入装置，其排除了在进入血管过程中导丝偶然错入血管系统的可能性。
本发明的另一目的在于提供一种将导管或其他医疗器械以更为简单、安全且快捷的方式导入的方法，其中，血管进入装置中所出现的病人血液指示医师针头已进入所要求的血管中。
本发明的上述和其它目的将在下面的论述中变得更为清楚。
本发明的扩张器或护套与扩张器安装于针头上，该针头具有一接近针头远端顶部的侧孔。针头插入之前，其所处的位置使得针头的远端远离扩张器的远端。针头插入血管之后，针头开口允许血液流入扩张器中或针头与扩张器之间的环形空间内，以显示针头的远端已刺穿血管。另外或作为备选方案，血液流入由护套形成的环形空间内以显示血管已经被刺穿。此外，血液可能流向一任选的侧面端口以提供进入完成的另一显示。
一旦完成血管进入，也就是说，一旦针头的远端顶部刺穿血管并且血液通过针头内的侧孔流入上述环形空间之一中，以及视情况而定流入一侧面端口内，一导丝穿过针头，然后包括针头、扩张器和护套的整个装置，可在导丝上推进血管内。在所要求的时刻，护套、针头和扩张器可在导丝上推进。当护套到位时，内部扩张器、针头和导丝可一同取下。这样，导丝保护着针头顶部，并且其内具有导丝的针头则为了更加安全的因素可被弯曲，以防导丝被取出并且随后使得针头顶部暴露出来。备选地，可将导丝留在原地以放置导管。
在本发明的一具体实施方案中，扩张器具有一可向远端推进的远端部件，或者针头的远端顶部可被收回，从而扩张器远端部件的远端顶部可在针头的远端顶部向远端延伸。当针头、扩张器，或针头、扩张器、护套优选在导丝上推进血管或从血管中退回时，扩张器远端部件保护着血管壁。此外，当针头、扩张器，或针头、扩张器、护套被拉出时，保健工受到了保护。
在本发明的另一具体实施方案中，设有一具有一内部扩张器和一外部扩张器的同轴扩张器系统。内部扩张器可独立地向远端推进至针头的远端顶部。当针头、扩张器，或针头、扩张器、护套优选在导丝上推进血管中或从血管中退出时，内部扩张器则盖住针头顶部，而内部扩张器远端部件则保护着血管壁。此外，当针头，或针头、扩张器和/或护套被拉出时，保健工受到了保护。
在本发明的另一具体实施方案中，针头可相对于扩张器或扩张器和护套转动，从而以针头远端顶部的坡口朝上的状态被插入血管内的针头顶部可转动180°，以致于针头远端顶部的坡口朝下。当针头远端顶部处于此位置时，针头远端顶部移动而引起血管损伤的可能性较小。针头部件的近端部分可具有显示针头顶部水平面相对位置的彩色编码、文字或其他标记。此外，针头部件的近端部分也可具有切口、枢轴、凹痕或其他结构，用以显示相对位置和/或将针头部件相对于扩张器或扩张器与护套控制在适当位置。
本发明的血管进入装置具有多种用途，包括在扩张布置、经皮冠状动脉成形术(PTCA)等需要血管护套时，或在需要剥离护套例如用于插入PICC线、起搏器导丝等时，用于进入各种血管。此外，本发明可用于进入透渗析移植体和瘘管，这些都是表面结构，有时需要快速进入，尤其是在去除血凝块的作业过程中。其他的用途是可用于布置中心线(锁骨下动脉的或内部颈静脉的)。本发明的大针或小针可与血管护套一起用于实现进入血管的操作，通过该护套可安全放置三倍的腔管或任何其他导管，而不是使用大针(现有技术中为18G)，继之将一扩张器在一导丝上推进，并且将其调换用于放置三倍的腔管导管或血管护套。
本发明具有许多优点，第一个优点便是效率提高。本发明减少了操作步骤的次数并且简化了进入的过程，替代了现有技术中更换导丝和护套的多级进入方法。另一优点在于其安全性能高。进入血管后，导丝可留在其中以保护针头顶部。针体、扩张器和导丝可待护套到位后一起取下。如果在同一过程中无另外的进入操作，可将针体弯曲使得安全性更高。与现有技术相反，血管得以进入之后，未加保护的血液用针体从导丝上取下。备选地，可将导丝留在适当的位置以通过护套和扩张器远端部件提供进一步的进入，以保护针体的远端顶部并最终保护使用者。另一优点在于污染减少。通过将实现血管进入的导丝和护套的数目减至最少，非故意污染的机会得以减少。进一步的优点在于，在非医院或野战条件下，使用本发明将减少由于非无菌环境而造成传染的可能性。依然是进一步的优点在于，系统的刚性更大。由于针体的因素而提供的更大的刚性使得系统无需成倍增加扩张器数量便可改进系统，并且使得病人的损伤减少。
另一优点与现有技术在导丝更换过程中，从针体、扩张器以及线周围发生的出血过程有关。这种出血过程加大了血液在外科现场和操作员的手套上的散布程度，从而一旦出现针体不慎卡住，增加了传染的机率。本发明的装置可减小传染的危险性，因为血液将流入护套中而不是象现有技术一样流入外科现场。
本发明的一个实施方案的另一个和进一步的优点在于无需在导丝上进行交换。本装置可被构造成在进入过程中排除导丝不慎错放至血管系统内的可能性的形式。在现有技术中，针体被替换为扩张器然后被替换为护套，众所周知这是很复杂的，操作员在那些替换过程中不能抓住导丝，并且导丝与扩张器或导管一起不慎被推进病人的血管系统中。然后必须将导丝或者通过手术取下，或者经由皮肤勒除。
最后，本发明的效益将会很高。本发明的系统可消除用于获得进入血管的附加导丝和同轴扩张器的需要。
附图说明
图1和2为本发明一实施方案的各示意图；
图3和4为本发明另一实施方案的各示意图；
图5为本发明再一实施方案的局部剖视图；
图5a为沿线5a-5a的剖面图；
图6为本发明另一实施方案的局部剖视图；
图7为本发明再一实施方案的局部剖视图；
图8为本发明一实施方案的局部剖视图，其中，扩张器的远端部向远端延伸；
图9a至9c为使用图8中所示的本发明的实施方案的示意图；
图10a和10b为本发明一具有同轴扩张器系统的实施方案的示意图；
图11为图10a和10b系统的近端部的剖面示意图。
具体实施方式
通过附图可更好地理解本发明。在图1和2中，针头部102包括一针头104和一具有一转锁部件108的近端部106，而扩张器部112包括一扩张器114和一套节116。在本发明的一优选实施方案中，针头104具有一或多个开口120。扩张器114优选为清楚、半透明或透明的，从而当血液流入针头104并且通过开口120或者(1)流入针头104与扩张器114之间的环形空间122内；或者(2)流入或者流过扩张器114内的空间(未示出)时，医生可看见血液。这样可向医生显示针头104的远端124已刺穿血管(未示出)。
如图2所示可看出，扩张器套节116可松开地与针头近端部106接合。在该图中，扩张器套节116包括一锥形凹槽117，其接受形成针头近端部106的一部分的锥形部件119。针头近端部106包括一环形部121，其具有与套节116上的相应螺纹125接合的螺纹123。可实现与针头和扩张器部的近端部以可松开方式接合的相同目的的其他布置的螺纹、卡爪、或者按扣或作用力配合结构也属于本发明的范围。
套节116可选择性地具有一多孔出口128。针头近端部106可选择性地具有一多孔出口塞130，该出口塞与通道132相配，所述通道与针头104的腔管134、凹槽117、和具有腔管136的针头近端部106流体连通。
针头近端部106可具有彩色编码、文字、或例如一枢轴或切口的其他标记，以向操作员显示远端顶部124的坡口与扩张器114的相对位置。同时，扩张器114与针头104之间可通过力学方式进行配合，从而操作员将通过感觉或声音来检测针头何时已被转动以改变顶部坡口的位置。
在图3和4所示的本发明的实施方案中，针头部142包括针头144和一具有一转锁部件148的近端部146，扩张器部150包括一扩张器152和一套节154，而护套部160包括一护套162和一近端部164。在本发明的一优选实施方案中，针头144具有一或多个开口149。扩张器152与护套162优选为清楚、半透明或透明的，从而当血液流入针头144然后通过开口149，(1)流入针头144与扩张器152之间的环形空间170中；(2)流入或通过扩张器152内的空间(未示出)；或(3)通过开口172流入扩张器152与护套162之间的环形空间174中时，医生可看见血液。同上，这样可向医生显示针头144的远端176已刺穿血管(未示出)。优选地，护套近端部164具有一端口178，从而血液可望通过注射器(未示出)抽取。护套可包含远端164内的一止血阀门(未示出)，以防血液流出护套的远端。
近端部108、116、146和154分别可选择性地具有leur连接部件。例如，近端部108可具有一凸luer锁129，而近端部116可具有一凹luer连接器131。近端部146和154可分别具有类似的部件。
如图4所示，部件142、150和160可互相插入。近端部146、154、164可扭动或滑动配合在一起，例如利用luer连接器、螺纹、压力或按钮配合、卡爪/沟槽配置、或其组合。此处，图2中所示的结构尤为合适。
在如图5的局部剖面图所示的本发明的另一实施方案中，针头180具有一开口或侧孔182。与针头180同轴布置的扩张器184具有一基本上中空的远端部186和一基本上实心的近端部188，各端部186和188通过刚性或基本为刚性的纵向构件190连接，以形成一间断或非连续结构。端部186和188之间未由部件190占据的空间形成环形或基本为环形的空间194，血液可从开口182流入其内。护套196为透明或半透明的，从而医生可观察到空间194中的血液。
优选地，扩张器184具有一或多个例如在护套196内的小开口、气孔或多孔材料200，以允许空气或气体在血液进入时离开环形空间194。开口本身，或多孔材料中的开口足够小，从而空气可逸出而血液可留住。合适的多孔材料包括多孔聚合物例如气孔尺寸为2.5微米的自封式白色多孔的HDPE。
导丝204的远端202优选被预先装入，即，优选位于针头180的腔管206内。这样，血液将流入针头180并且通过开口182流出，而不是在近端流出腔管206。一旦医生看到环形空间194中的血液，导丝204可通过腔管206向远端推进血管(未示出)内。针头180、扩张器纵向构件190与护套196之间的另一种关系可在图5a所示的横断面图中看出。
本发明的扩张器部的个别设计在图6和7中进一步详细地示出。在图6中，所示扩张器210具有锥形部件。远端扩张部212为双锥体设计形式，其具有一由一个锥形部件216的顶部延伸至另一个锥形部件218的顶部的通路214。至少两个稳定纵向构件220由远端部212延伸至近端部222，优选包括一单个锥形部件224，其具有一通路226和一近端扭动或锁定部228。
图7中所示的本发明的实施方案包括一扩张器-针头联合装置，其中图6中所描述的扩张器装置也包括一延伸穿过通路214至通路226并从其中穿过的针头232。针头232具有一设有扭动或锁定装置的近端部234。
在图8所示的本发明一实施方案的局部示意图中，扩张器240绕针头242周围布置。扩张器240具有一远端部244，其朝针头242的远端顶部246向远端延伸。备选地，细长的内部扩张器同轴位于较大的外部扩张器之内。内部细长的部件可在针头上推进以保护针头顶部。如图9a至9c所示，针头252位于血管256内的刺穿开口254内。导丝258由针头252向远端伸入血管256的腔管260内。绕针头252周围设置的扩张器262具有一远端部264。如图9b所示，扩张器远端部264可在针头252上推进，从而扩张器远端部264的远端顶部268向针头252的远端顶部270的远端延伸。然后，如图9c所示，当针头252和扩张器262在导丝258上向远端推进时，针头的远端顶部270受到扩张器远端部264的保护。
如图10a和10b中所示的本发明的实施方案包括一同轴扩张器系统，其包括内部扩张器276和外部扩张器278。扩张器276和278绕针头280周围布置，并且内部扩张器276的远端282最初略微远离外部扩张器278的远端284。内部扩张器276的近端(未示出)向远端推进以使得内部扩张器远端282盖住针头280的远端288。优选地，扩张器276和278相互作用或受到控制，从而它们保持在彼此之间的相对位置，而当针头、扩张器，或针头、扩张器、护套联合装置推进血管(未示出)或从其退出时，针头280最好在导丝(未示出)上。
图10a和10b中所示的同轴扩张器系统需要一种激活系统，其使得一个扩张器相对于另一个扩张器移动。优选地，内部扩张器应向远端推进以盖住针头的远端，而外部扩张器则保持不变或保持在适当的位置。优选地，扩张器系统应设置成：外部扩张器基本上相对保持在适当的位置，而内部扩张器则沿远端方向推动、拉动或滑动。在图11所示的实施方案中，近端内部扩张器部292和外部扩张器部294绕近端针头部290周围设置。锥形针头(套节)接口296具有至少一个环形突出部分或环298，其容纳于锥形外部扩张器近端套节304中的环形槽302内。内部扩张器套节306具有与针头290上或附着于针头290或针头接口296上的独立针头部件上的相应螺纹310接合的螺纹308。内部扩张器套节304具有一突出部分或侧翼312，其在凹槽316内移动并由其引导，该凹槽防止内部扩张器292相对于外部扩张器294转动。对本领域技术人员而言，其他公知或可识别的机械配置应当是允许的，并落在本发明的范围内，只要它们允许内部扩张器的远端部在针头的远端部上推进，而内部扩张器相对于外部扩张器不转动。
在这里，本发明由传统的、生理学上容许的材料组成。举例来说，针头由硬质聚合物或金属，例如不锈钢、镍钛金属互化物等构成。其他部件一般可由适宜的聚合材料，例如聚乙烯、聚丙烯、含氟聚合物和共聚物例如全氟代(乙烯-丙烯)共聚物、聚氨酯聚合物或共聚物构成。
上述具体实施方案按本发明的实施例方式说明。但是，应当理解，在不背离本发明的精神或所附权利要求书的范围的情况下，可使用本领域技术人员公知或此处公开的其他有利实施方案。

Claims (38)

1.一种预先装配的血管进入装置，所述装置包括：
一空心针头，其具有一尖锐的远端顶部并限定至少一个接近所述远端顶部的侧孔；
一导丝，其预先装入所述针头内；
一扩张器部，所述扩张器部包括同轴安装于所述针头上的扩张器；
一护套部，所述护套部包括同轴安装于所述扩张器上的护套；
至少一个可接收血液的空间，该空间位于护套的外部和针头的外部之间，所述空间可从所述护套外被目测到以确定所述针头在血管内的正确放置；以及
一出口，所述出口与所述空间连通，所述出口允许空气从所述空间出来但防止血液从所述空间出来。
2.如权利要求1所述的装置，其特征在于，所述扩张器包括一与所述针头的侧孔连通的侧向入口。
3.如权利要求2所述的装置，其特征在于，所述侧向入口与所述侧孔通过第二空间连通，所述第二空间限定在针头的外部和扩张器之间。
4.如权利要求2所述的装置，其特征在于，所述空间限定在扩张器和护套之间，且与所述侧向入口连通。
5.如权利要求4所述的装置，其特征在于，还包括第二空间，所述第二空间与所述侧向入口和所述针头的侧孔连通，所述第二空间限定在针头的外部和扩张器的内部之间。
6.如权利要求1所述的装置，其特征在于，所述空间限定在针头的外部和扩张器的内部之间，且与所述针头内的侧孔连通。
7.如权利要求6所述的装置，其特征在于，所述出口限定在所述护套部内。
8.如权利要求1所述的装置，其特征在于，所述护套是剥离的护套。
9.如权利要求1所述的装置，其特征在于，所述护套包括一导管。
10.如权利要求9所述的装置，其特征在于，所述导管是一多腔导管。
11.如权利要求1所述的装置，其特征在于，所述扩张器和护套一同可在所述针头上滑动。
12.如权利要求1所述的装置，其特征在于，所述扩张器和护套一同可在所述导丝上滑动。
13.如权利要求1所述的装置，其特征在于，所述扩张器可滑动地在所述针头上至少移动至某一位置，在此位置所述扩张器盖住所述针头的尖锐远端顶部，从而对其进行保护。
14.如权利要求1所述的装置，其特征在于，所述扩张器是至少部分清楚的、半透明的或透明的。
15.如权利要求1所述的装置，其特征在于，所述护套是至少部分清楚的、半透明的或透明的。
16.如权利要求1所述的装置，其特征在于，所述扩张器包括一非连续结构，其具有一通过至少一个纵向构件与一实心近端部连接的实心远端部，从而在所述护套与针头之间限定出所述至少一空间，并且所述空间通过所述针头侧孔与所述空心针头孔连通。
17.如权利要求1所述的装置，其特征在于，所述扩张器包括一连续管结构。
18.如权利要求1所述的装置，其特征在于，所述护套部包括一侧面端口。
19.如权利要求1所述的装置，其特征在于，所述空心针头具有足够的长度以到达病人的中心血管。
20.如权利要求1所述的装置，其特征在于，所述空心针头具有足够的刚度，从而在所述装置推入所述血管内的过程中支承所述扩张器和护套。
21.如权利要求1所述的装置，其特征在于，所述导丝的远端预先装入所述针头内。
22.如权利要求21所述的装置，其特征在于，所述远端预先装入以便位于所述针孔后。
23.如权利要求1所述的装置，其特征在于，所述扩张器包括一远端扩张部，所述远端扩张部具有双锥体设计形式。
24.如权利要求1所述的装置，其特征在于，还包括在所述扩张器和所述护套之间的密封件。
25.如权利要求1所述的装置，其特征在于，所述扩张器部包括一扩张器套节，所述护套部包括一护套套节。
26.如权利要求25所述的装置，其特征在于，所述出口包括一孔。
27.如权利要求25所述的装置，其特征在于，所述出口完全形成在所述扩张器套节内。
28.如权利要求25所述的装置，其特征在于，所述护套套节包括一止血阀门。
29.如权利要求1所述的装置，其特征在于，所述针头与所述针头套节的近端相连，所述扩张器与所述扩张器套节的近端相连，所述针头套节和所述扩张器套节彼此互锁。
30.如权利要求1所述的装置，其特征在于，所述扩张器部还包括与所述扩张器相连的近端扩张器套节，所述护套部还包括与所述护套相连的近端护套套节，所述扩张器套节和所述护套套节彼此互锁。
31.如权利要求1所述的装置，其特征在于，所述扩张器部包括一扩张器套节，所述护套部包括一护套套节。
32.如权利要求31所述的装置，其特征在于，所述出口包括一孔。
33.如权利要求31所述的装置，其特征在于，所述出口完全形成在所述扩张器套节内。
34.如权利要求1所述的装置，其特征在于，所述出口由多孔材料形成。
35.如权利要求1所述的装置，其特征在于，所述出口由多孔材料形成。
36.一种预先装配的血管进入装置，所述装置包括：
一空心针头，其具有一远端顶部并限定至少一个接近所述远端顶部的侧孔；
一扩张器部，所述扩张器部包括绕所述针头的至少一部分设置的扩张器以便在针头和扩张器之间限定一第一空间，所述扩张器具有至少一个侧向入口；以及
一护套部，所述护套部包括绕所述扩张器的至少一部分设置的护套以便限定一第二空间，所述第二空间与所述侧向入口连通以便限定从针头内部到第二空间的流体通路，护套部还具有至少一个开口以便在血液通过所述侧向入口流入到所述第二空间时允许空气出来，所述开口成形为防止血液从该开口通过。
37.如权利要求36所述的装置，其特征在于，所述扩张器具有管状结构，且所述扩张器的远端部分具有的横截面尺寸大于靠近远端部分设置的所述扩张器部分。
38.如权利要求36所述的装置，其特征在于，还包括至少部分穿过所述针头滑动的导丝。
CN2009101505375A 2001-12-26 2002-12-24 血管进入装置 Expired - Lifetime CN101612435B (zh)

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US20060129100A1 (en) 2006-06-15
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DE60235574D1 (de) 2010-04-15
US8672888B2 (en) 2014-03-18
JP4430939B2 (ja) 2010-03-10
CN101612435A (zh) 2009-12-30
EP2248549A3 (en) 2010-12-08
EP1458437A4 (en) 2007-08-01
CA2470502A1 (en) 2003-07-17
JP5069724B2 (ja) 2012-11-07
EP2260897A1 (en) 2010-12-15
EP1458437B1 (en) 2010-03-03
AU2009212757A1 (en) 2009-09-17
WO2003057272A3 (en) 2004-01-29
US7722567B2 (en) 2010-05-25
CA2470502C (en) 2014-02-18
AU2002367387A1 (en) 2003-07-24
CN1607967A (zh) 2005-04-20
EP2248549A2 (en) 2010-11-10
ATE459388T1 (de) 2010-03-15
US20030153874A1 (en) 2003-08-14
JP2005514114A (ja) 2005-05-19
US20110004162A1 (en) 2011-01-06
US7025746B2 (en) 2006-04-11
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JP2009261984A (ja) 2009-11-12
AU2002367387B2 (en) 2009-05-21

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