CN101694915B - 插座附加模块 - Google Patents

插座附加模块 Download PDF

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CN101694915B
CN101694915B CN2009101739039A CN200910173903A CN101694915B CN 101694915 B CN101694915 B CN 101694915B CN 2009101739039 A CN2009101739039 A CN 2009101739039A CN 200910173903 A CN200910173903 A CN 200910173903A CN 101694915 B CN101694915 B CN 101694915B
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module
socket
equipment
equipment according
power supplies
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CN101694915A (zh
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耶胡达·宾德尔
艾米·哈扎尼
拉法尔·吉尔·科比
什洛莫·巴伯奥
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Examine Vincent Zhi Cai management company
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Mosaid Technologies Inc
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01RELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R31/00Coupling parts supported only by co-operation with counterpart
    • H01R31/06Intermediate parts for linking two coupling parts, e.g. adapter
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04BTRANSMISSION
    • H04B3/00Line transmission systems
    • H04B3/54Systems for transmission via power distribution lines
    • H04B3/542Systems for transmission via power distribution lines the information being in digital form
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01RELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R13/00Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
    • H01R13/66Structural association with built-in electrical component
    • H01R13/719Structural association with built-in electrical component specially adapted for high frequency, e.g. with filters
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01RELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R31/00Coupling parts supported only by co-operation with counterpart
    • H01R31/06Intermediate parts for linking two coupling parts, e.g. adapter
    • H01R31/065Intermediate parts for linking two coupling parts, e.g. adapter with built-in electric apparatus
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04BTRANSMISSION
    • H04B2203/00Indexing scheme relating to line transmission systems
    • H04B2203/54Aspects of powerline communications not already covered by H04B3/54 and its subgroups
    • H04B2203/5404Methods of transmitting or receiving signals via power distribution lines
    • H04B2203/5408Methods of transmitting or receiving signals via power distribution lines using protocols

Abstract

本发明涉及用于通过添加功能给该插座升级建筑物内现有服务插座(例如,LAN、电话、电源或CATV插座)的方法和设备。该功能通过附加模块(30)添加,该模块被电气并机械保证连接到现有插座(42)。举例说明若干连接设备,包括表面连接、侧固定、搭锁、绑带固定和紧固螺丝。附加模块可以包括服务连接器(263),用于保持基本的现有插座功能。该模块可以被永久性或可拆卸地连接。

Description

插座附加模块
技术领域
本发明涉及使用插座布线的领域,更具体而言,本发明涉及用于给这些插座增加功能的附加模块。 
背景技术
插座 
术语“插座”在这里表示的是一种有助于简单快速地将外部设备与建筑物内部安装的布线连接或断开的机电设备。插座与布线通常具有固定的连接,它允许根据需要以简单的方式容易地连接外部设备,其中所述连接通常是借助在面板中集成的连接器来完成的。插座通常以机械的方式连接或固定在墙壁或类似表面上。常见插座的非限制性实例包括:用于连接电话和相关设备的电话插座;用于连接电视机、VCR等设备的CATV插座;用作LAN布线(也称为结构布线)一部分的插座以及用于连接电源和电器设备的电源插座。这里术语“墙壁”表示建筑物的任何内表面或外表面,除垂直墙壁之外,它还可以包括但不局限于天花板和地板。 
插座(或模块)的后部这里指在安装之后面对墙壁的一侧,通常还包括与墙内公用布线的连接器。前部指通常面对室内的相对侧,通常包括用于耦合到公用布线的连接器。 
这里交替使用的术语“数据单元”、“计算机”和“个人电脑”(“PC”)包括具有连接到局域网的接口,以及用作数据源或数据宿(或二者)的数据站的任何其他功能单元的工作站、个人数字助理(PDA)和其他数据终端设备(DTE)。 
LAN环境 
图1示出了典型的现有技术LAN环境10。这种网络通常使用10BaseT 或100BaseTX以太网IEEE802.3接口和拓扑结构,其特征是使用集线器11作为连接所有设备的集中设备。这些设备经由分别容纳在网络插座15a、15b、和15c内部的数据连接器14a、14b和14c与集线器11相连接。与集线器11的连接分别经由电缆13a、13b和13c实现。数据连接器14a、14b和14c例如可以是RJ-45型连接器;以及电缆13a、13b和13c例如可以是55类电缆线路。例如在EIT/TIA-568和EIA/TIA-570中描述了这种配置。网络10的数据部分使用数据单元(可以是计算机)7a、7b和7c,它们分别经由电缆16a、16b和16c连接到网络连接器14a、14b和14c。服务器12还可以连接到集线器11,并且能够执行外部连接功能,以及如在本领域中应用的其他服务器功能。 
虽然图1引用集线器11作为集中设备,但是应该明白,能够使用任何类型的具有多个网络接口和支持适当连接性的设备,这些设备的非限制性实例包括共享集线器、交换机(交换集线器)、路由器和网关。所以,术语“术语”在这里非限制性地表示任何这种设备。而且,网络10能够是基于分组的网络,或者位于建筑物内或分布式的网络,诸如LAN或因特网。 
家庭联网 
绝大多数现有的办公室和某些新建建筑物都为网络10的网络结构提供便利。但是,在现有建筑物中实施这种网络典型需要安装新的布线基础设施。这种新布线的安装有可能是不切实际的、昂贵并且有疑问的。因此,目前已经提出许多技术(称为“不添线(no new wires)”技术),以便在不添加新布线的情况下为建筑物中的LAN提供便利。这些技术中的部分技术使用已安装的用于其他目的诸如电话、电力、有线电视(CATV)等等的现有公用布线。这种做法提供了如下优点,即能够安装这些系统和网络,而不需要额外的并且通常成本很高的在建筑物内安装单独的布线。 
允许布线传送服务(诸如电话、电力和CATV)以及数据通信信号的技术方面通常包含使用FDM技术(频分多路复用)。在这种配置中,在相应公用布线上传送服务信号和数据通信信号,每种布线使用不同的频谱频带。FDM构思在本领域中是已知的,它提供了分割媒介诸如布线所占用 带宽的方式。在传送电话和数据通信信号二者的电话布线的情况下,将频谱分割成能够传送模拟电话信号的低频带和能够传送数据通信或其他信号的高频带。例如在授予Reichert等人的美国专利4785448中描述了这种机制,并且在xDSL系统,主要是非对称数字用户环线(ADSL)系统中广泛使用它。 
在FDM或任何其他技术的情况下,通常需要布线系统支持数据单元与在媒介上传送的数据通信信号的连接。而且,通常需要这种连接使用具有标准数据通信连接器的标准接口。一种方法是使用在现有插座和数据单元之间连接的专用独立的、桌面式样的适配器设备。在这里还描述了其他的方法。 
功能插座方法 
这种方法包含利用‘网络’有源插座代替现有的服务插座。通常插座(包括LAN结构布线、电源插座、电话插座、和有线电视插座)已经发展为无源设备,它是布线系统室内基础设施的一部分以及仅用作提供接入到墙内布线的目的。但是,有一种趋势是在插座中嵌入有源电路以便将它们用作网络家庭/办公室网络的一部分,和典型地提供标准的数据通信接口。在绝大多数情况下,所添加的电路用作添加与所述插座的数据接口连接的目的,它被添加到插座的基本无源连接功能。 
在授予Binder的题为“Telephone outlet for implementing a local areanetwork over telephone lines and a local area network using such outlets”的美国专利6549616中公开了支持用于电话布线使用的电话和数据接口的插座。这些插座可作为NetHomeTM系统的一部分从SercoNet Inc.ofsouthborough,MA USA获得。 
在授予Dichter的题为“Automatically configurable computer network”的美国专利6216160中描述了另一种电话插座。在2002年8月22日公布Cohen等人题为“Cableran Networking over Coaxial Cables”的WO02/065229中描述了基于CATV同轴电缆使用插座的家庭连网实例。这些插座可作为HomeRANTM系统的一部分从TMT Ltd.of Jerusalem,Israel获得。在Alcock题为“Local area and multimedia network using radio frequency and coaxial cable”的美国专利申请公布US2003/0099228中公开了与布线技术、数据和娱乐信号结合使用的插座。在Schaeffer等人题为“Powerline bridge apparatus”的美国专利申请公布US2003/0062990中描述了用于数据和电源组合使用电源线使用的插座。这些电源插座可以作为PlugLANTM的一部分从Asoka USA Corporation of San Carlos,CA USA获得。 
尽管已经关于基于布线形成的用于基本服务(例如,电话、CATV和电源)使用的网络在以上描述了有源插座,但是将会理解本发明能够同样应用于在使用专用布线的网络中所使用的插座。在这种情况下,使用插座电路给插座提供附加的接口,这超越了单一数据连接接口的基本服务。例如,它可以用于提供多个数据接口,其中所述布线支持单个这种数据连接。这种插座的一个实例是美国加利福尼亚州圣克拉拉市3ComTM生产的Network JackTM产品家族。另外,在授予Thompson题为“Single MediumWiring Scheme for Multiple Signal Distribution in Building and Access PortTherefor”的美国专利6108331以及于2003年6月19日公开的McNamara等人题为“Active wall Outlet”的美国专利申请US2003/0112965中描述了这些插座。 
尽管已经关于基于导电媒介诸如电线和电缆的插座和网络描述了有源插座,但是将会理解这些插座同样可应用于网络媒介是非导电的,诸如光纤电缆线路的情况。在2002年10月10日公开的Chu题为“FiberConverter Faceplate Outlet”的美国专利申请US2002/0146207以及授予Thompson题为“Single Medium Wiring Scheme for Multiple SignalDistribution in Building and Access Port Therefor”的美国专利6108331中描述了支持数据接口并基于光纤电缆线路的有源插座。因此,如在本申请以及附属权利要求书中使用的术语‘布线’应该解释成包括基于非导电媒介诸如光纤电缆线路的网络。 
尽管上述插座使用有源电路分离数据和服务信号,但是无源实现也是可行的。在Binder题为“Telephone communication system and method overlocal area network wiring”的PCT公布WO02/25920中公开了这种无源插 座的实例。这些插座可以作为etherSPLITTM系统的一部分从QlynkCommunication Inc.of College Station,TX USA获得。 
上述插座是完全自主的设备。因此,它们能够容易地代替常规的无源简单插座安装在新房中。但是,在更新现有布线系统的情况下这些解决方案不恰当。在绝大多数情况下,任何这种修改将需要拆除现有的插座并安装具有改进特征的新插座。这种行为是麻烦、昂贵的以及将常常需要专业的技术。而且,由于在处理(诸如电源线和电话线中的)危险电压时所包含的安全方面的原因,局部调整可能需要仅仅有资质的人员处理这种布线,这使得这种调整昂贵并且对自行解决的方法产生不利影响。 
进一步,当技术和环境及时发生改变时,可能出现对升级、修改或改变插座功能、特征和特性的需要。例如,可能需要升级数据接口以与新标准互连。在另一个实例中,可能需要升级电路以支持更高的带宽。类似地,可能需要引入或升级管理和服务质量(QoS)功能。在再一个实例中,可能需要添加附加的功能和接口。使用完全自主的插座作为现有插座的代替还引入了上述的不利之处。 
插入设备 
一种给现有插座添加功能的方法是使用插入模块。在图2中所示为适于电源线连接的这种模块20的图示视图。该模块使用插脚22a和22b插入到常规电源插座中,并经由数据连接器21(示为10/100Base-T IEEE802.3接口使用的RJ-45)提供到数据单元的接入。还可以应用可选的可视指示器23a、23b和23c。插脚22a和22b用于单元20到电源插座的电气连接和机械连接。在Smart等人题为“High data-rate powerline network systemand method”的美国专利申请公布US2002/0039388、Walbeck等人题为“Modular power line network adapter”的美国专利申请公布US2002/0060617以及还在Schaeffer、JR等人的题为“Powerline bridgeapparatus”的美国专利申请公布US2003/0062990中描述了这种插入模块。使用HomePlugTM技术的这种模块可从多个来源诸如作为美国加利福尼亚圣卡洛斯市Asoka USA Corporation生产的PlugLinkTM产品一部分获得。HomePlug是美国加利福尼亚San Ramon市HomePlug Powerline Alliance, Inc的商标。 
但是,仅仅有关电源插座已知了这种插入模块,对于电话或CATV插座这种模块是不可获得的。而且,由于插座,通常包含电源插座,没有被设计用于提供任何超出插头连接之外的机械支承,所以不能在机械上将这些插入模块定位到墙壁/插座上,因此认为这种连接不可支承并且不可靠。而且,这些插入模块在外观庞大且不富有美感。 
2003年9月10日公布的EP1343253A1(Yokoo)公开了一种电力线通信调制解调器,其具有主体部分和用于将交流电源转换成直流电源并通过电缆提供直流电源给主体部分的电源部分。所述电源部分被提供有用于输入交流电源的连接插头以及与该连接插头相连接的插孔,从该插孔提供电源给信息处理单元诸如个人计算机。 
2002年5月30日公布的US2002/0064039A1(Clodfelter)公开了一种安装灯具的插座以适于躺在和完全覆盖现有的墙壁插座。插座固定物包含扁平前面板和与该扁平前面板平行的扁平后面板。从后面板延伸出多个插脚用于进入和电气连接到现有墙壁插座中。该固定物还具有安装在侧面板上的侧电插座并支持一个或更多中空延长的管座,该管座从顶部面板延伸以及接纳灯泡,并且具有布线和将灯泡连接到插座的on/off开关。该固定物消除了对于自立式灯和连接的电源线的需要。 
1984年11月20日公布的美国专利第4484185号(Graves)公开了一种用于插座盒插孔的安全插头,包含过电流保护装置,接合装置,该装置用于将安全插头适配器接合到插座盒表面面板以及电线的凸缘部分,从而对于小孩来说难以从适配器移动电线连接插头,或者从插座盒插孔移动该适配器。 
2000年9月19日公布的美国专利第6120320号(Veiga等人)公开了一种用于墙上插座的GFI保护,这种插座由GFI adapter提供,其具有商业可用类型的布置在室内的GFI墙上插座。 
2002年4月4日公布的US2002/0039388A1(Smart等人)公开了一种电力线网络物理层,它允许多个节点使用室内或办公室内的电力线以高 的速度、低的错误率传送数字数据。该物理层使用频分多路复用(FDM)提供多个通道。每个FDM通道是不相关的并且被使用差分二进制相移键控(DBPSK)或差分正交相移键控(DQPSK)单独进行调制来传送数据。 
2002年5月15日公布的GB2368979(Lee等人)公开了一种包括主体的适配器,该主体在相对侧上具有插头和插孔,从而通过将一个适配器的插头插入到另一个适配器的插孔中能够串联多个适配器。配合槽和一对配合板沿主体的相对侧纵向延伸,以便一个适配器的配合槽能够接纳另一个适配器的配合板。连接孔延伸通过配合板的末端,从而螺丝能够延伸通过它并与适配器连接起来。适配器主体可以用于电话插孔和插头或同轴电缆连接器。 
因此,存在一种广泛共识的需求,它将非常有利地具有一种允许可靠、容易和简单升级插座,优选不需要专业安装的方法和系统。 
发明内容
所以,本发明的目的是提供一种允许容易和简单的升级插座,优选不需要专业安装的方法和系统。使用附加模块给现有的插座提供附加功能。 
根据本发明的一个非限制性实施例,描述了一种设备、方法和网络。该设备在服务布线系统中用于将数据单元耦合至数字数据信号,该系统包含至少部分包括在建筑物墙壁内的服务布线以及用于连接到该服务布线的服务插座,所述服务布线使用频分多路复用同时传送服务和数字数据信号。这种设备可以包含具有接点的第一服务布线连接器,这些接点通过接合服务插座中的互补接点可直接连接到服务布线而不需要拆卸或改动服务插座,耦合至第一服务布线连接器以及可操作用于仅通过数字数据信号的第一滤波器,耦合至第一滤波器以及可操作用于在服务布线上进行数字数据通信的调制解调器,以及耦合至所述调制解调器并且可以连接到数据单元的数据连接器。该设备还进一步其特征在于所述服务布线是电话和CATV布线其中之一以及服务插座是电话和CATV插座其中之一,以及第一服务布线连接器、第一滤波器、调制解调器和数据连接器都被封装在单 个外壳内,这外壳具有独立于第一服务布线连接器的机械连接,以用于机械保证该设备连接到服务插座,其中第一布线服务布线连接器是电话或CATV连接器。 
该设备相应地可以包含至少一个第二服务布线连接器,它是从外壳的前表面易卸的,用于在该设备连接到服务插座之后提供服务插座的持续功能。该第二服务布线连接器可以是电话或CATV连接器。该设备可以进一步操作用于耦合服务单元至服务信号,因此还包含可耦合至服务布线并且可操作用于仅通过服务信号的第二滤波器,以及安装在所述外壳内、耦合至所述第二滤波器和可连接服务单元的服务连接器。而且,上述机械连接可操作用于将该设备连接到服务插座的前表面。进一步,该机械连接可操作用于将该设备连接到服务插座的侧表面,它包括可操作用于插入到服务插座和墙壁之间的调整片,包括可操作用于拧到服务插座的一个或更多螺丝,包括可操作用于绑到服务插座、以及可操作用于将该设备永久性连接到服务插座或可拆卸地将该设备连接到服务插座的绑带。另外,该机械连接可以包括以下组中的至少之一:磁铁、吸力、粘合剂、压力以及“挂钩和环”紧固件 
该设备还可以包含用于连接本地电源以给所述调制解调器供电的连接器,耦合至在服务布线上传送的电力信号以给所述调制解调器供电的装置或耦合至数据单元以为所述调制解调器供电提供电力的装置。而且,上述第一服务布线连接器易弯曲地连接到所述外壳,以便不会影响设备到服务插座的安全的机械连接。 
另外,所述机械连接可以适于与一个或更多辅助安装合作,这些辅助安装与服务插座相关地安装并且独立于第一服务布线连接器,在与服务插座独立并且适于永久性固定到它的适配器上可以提供该辅助安装。 
另外,所述外壳的形状可以成形为表示具有一个或更多特征的装饰性物体,这些特征通过至少一个第二服务布线连接器的相应特征来表示。而且,该设备还可包含连接所述外壳以用于在其中容纳设备的容座,所述容座具有耦合至第一服务布线连接器的电接点,从而将设备插入到该容座中,以电气耦合该设备到第一服务布线连接器。 
类似地,公开了一种方法,其适于在服务布线系统中服务插座连接到服务布线,以允许数据单元耦合至通过服务布线传送的数字数据信号,该服务布线至少部分包含在建筑物墙壁内以及使用频分多路复用同时传送服务和数字数据信号,并且它是电话、交流电和CATV布线的其中之一。该方法包括以下步骤:提供一种在根据权利要求的服务布线系统中将数据单元耦合至数字数据信号的设备,以及连接和保证该设备连接到服务插座。这种方法可以包含与服务插座相关地安装一个或更多辅助安装,这些辅助安装独立于第一服务布线连接器并且适于与机械连接合作。而且,该方法可以包括在与服务插座独立的并且适于永久性固定到它的适配器上提供辅助安装。 
本发明描述了一种附加模块,它用于给服务现有布线诸如电话、电源和CATV以及专用布线诸如LAN布线(统称‘服务布线’,‘服务插座’)的插座添加功能。非导电基础设施诸如基于光纤的也包括在内。 
附加模块(在这里或‘模块’)同时电连接和机械连接到现有插座。机械连接可以是永久性的或可拆卸的,其中或者可以通过手或利用特定工具实现。电连接可以使用机械固定的连接器或系绳连接器(‘dongle’)。在本发明的一个方面中,该模块通过连接到插座表面安装在现有插座上。这种连接可以使用吸力、粘合剂材料(例如,胶水)或VELCRO实现。VELCRO是Velcro Industries B.V的注册商标。在本发明的另一个方面中,该模块被连接到插座的侧面。这种连接可以使用压力或偏心杠杆或定位带。在本发明的再一个方面中,通过在插座和墙壁之间插入调整片(tab)连接该模块。在本发明的又一个方面中,通过固定螺丝连接该模块,其中经由插座中的模块和孔插入这些螺丝。 
在本发明的再一个方面中,通过机械适配器将所述模块连接到插座。该适配器连接到插座,以及所述模块独立地连接到该适配器。适配器到插座的连接可以使用上述任何机械连接方法。类似地,模块到适配器的连接还可以使用任何上述方法以及使用磁力和锁定的插销。 
在本发明的又一个方面中,描述了所述模块与在同时用作基本服务的布线上传送的数据网络结合使用。基本服务可以是在电话布线上传送的电 话,在电源线上传送的电力以及在同轴电缆电视基础设施上传送的CATV,以及使用专用LAN布线的数据互连。在这种情况下,所述插座包括数据/服务分离器/组合器,用于分离在布线上传送的基本服务信号,并允许通过相应的连接器(电话、电源或CATV连接器)接入到布线。所述数据信号通过相应媒介调制解调器分离,并经由与适配器耦合的连接器耦合至数据单元。正如以上的说明,可以可选地应用集线器和管理。 
在本发明的再一个方面中,所述模块还包括提供模拟接口诸如模拟视频、模拟语音和电话的适配器。 
在本发明的再一个方面中,诸如基于光线(例如,红外)、音频或射频(无线)的非有线接口用于耦合至数据单元。在这种情况下,通过适当的非有线收发信机代替数据单元连接器。 
结合有线局域网(LAN),描述多端口的有源网络插座。这种插座包括允许在网络布线上实现数据通信的收发信机。该插座支持一个或更多连接器,每个连接器允许数据单元通过相应收发信机耦合至数据通信信号。而且,该插座还包括适配器和连接的相应连接器,这允许经由不同接口耦合数据单元至数据通信信号。所述插座还可选地包括用于耦合多个数据流的集线器。在这种插座中还可以嵌入可选的管理/处理功能。 
在本发明的再一个方面中,所述模块包括用于联网功能的无源组件。在本发明的再一个方面中,所述模块包括用于所提供功能(例如,联网)的有源组件。在后者的情况下,需要给位于模块内的有源电路馈电以便其正常地工作。所述模块可以通过到本地电源(例如,交流电源,直接或经由AC/DC转换器)的专用连接本地供电。替换地,所述模块可以根据布线上传送的电源信号馈电。在本发明的再一个方面中,所述模块通过连接到它的设备供电。 
在本发明的再一个方面中,使用所述模块提供非联网功能。在这种情况下,通常与插座连接的设备的部分或全部功能被集成到该模块中。在本发明的再一个方面中,使用所述模块提供到服务插座的电耦合以及机械支承。这种机械支承能够用于固持和连接(以及拆卸)设备和装置到所述模块。所述电连接可以仅仅包括到服务信号的连接(诸如在电源模块情况下 是交流电源)。在其他实施例中,所述电连接可以包括耦合到在服务布线上传送的数据信号(诸如电话模块提供到在电话布线上传送的数据信号的耦合)。其他实施例可以包括耦合机械连接的设备到在布线上传送的服务和数据信号。例如,描述移动和手持装置诸如PDA和蜂窝电话。在本发明的一个方面中,这种模块用于给插座添加服务连接。 
在本发明的一个方面中,描述的电源模块包括电源相关功能够诸如多个AC电源插孔、电源开关、调光器、安全装置(例如,熔丝)、雷电保护、可视或可听指示器、负荷控制(诸如风扇速度控制)、定时器开关、滤波器(例如,噪声滤波器)和传感器(诸如安全、热和洪水传感器)。在本发明的一个方面中,描述的电源模块包括电源转换器设备诸如AC/DC转换器和充电器,诸如PDA和蜂窝电话充电器。在(诸如用于PDA和蜂窝电话的)充电器的情况下,所述模块可以包括用于在充电期间提供机械支承的送受话器叉簧功能(例如机械外壳)。在本发明的一个方面中,描述一种用于耦合至在电源布线上传送的数据信号的电源模块。 
在本发明的一个方面中,描述的电话模块包括电话相关功能诸如多个电话插孔、滤波器(诸如ADSL/HomePNA微滤波器和噪声滤波器)、安全装置(例如,熔丝)、雷电保护、可视或可听指示器和传感器(诸如安全、热和洪水传感器)。在本发明的一个方面中,所描述的电话模块包括电源转换器设备和充电器,诸如PDA和蜂窝电话充电器。在(用于PDA和蜂窝电话的)充电器的情况下,所述模块可以包括用于在充电期间提供机械支承的送受话器叉簧功能(例如机械外壳)。在本发明的一个方面中,描述了一种用于耦合至在电话布线上传送的数据信号的电话模块。描述可以通过电话模块集成(部分或全部)或机械支承的其他电话设备诸如应答机器、调制解调器(诸如拨号或xDSL)、电话机(陆上线路或无绳)和主叫用户ID。 
在本发明的一个方面中,描述的CATV模块包括电话相关功能诸如RF分配器、滤波器、安全装置(例如,熔丝)、雷电保护、可视或可听指示器或传感器(诸如安全、热和洪水传感器)。描述了可以通过CATV模块集成(部分或全部)或机械支承的CATV相关设备诸如电缆调制解调器、 机顶盒、VCR、DVD、DVR、电视机、DRM设备。 
在本发明的另一个方面中,所述模块包括用于监控模块状态的可视(或可听或二者兼有)指示器。这些指示器可以指示电源可用性、包括在模块内的部分或全部电路的正确操作、(布线通信或与模块相连接设备或二者的)通信状态以及服务信号的状态。 
在本发明的再一个方面中,所述模块给插座提供无形的添加功能诸如提高审美感或任何使眼睛舒适的其他方式。非限制性实例是模块的色彩、纹理或艺术形状。 
应该明白对于本领域普通技术人员来说根据以下详细描述本发明的其他实施例将变得显而易见,其中仅通过示例的方式示出和描述本发明的实施例。将会意识到,本发明能够是其他和不同的实施例并且其若干细节能够在各个其他方面进行修改,这些修改都没有背离本发明的精神和范围。相应地,附图和详细描述被认为在本质上是示例性的并且不作为限制。 
附图说明
在这里例如仅通过非限制性实例参考附图描述本发明,其中: 
图1所示为示意性的现有技术局域网。 
图2所示为示意性现有技术电源模块的图示视图。 
图3a和3b所示为示意性现有技术电话插座的相应后视图和前视图。 
图4a示意性所示为根据本发明的示意性电话模块的后视图。 
图4b图示了根据本发明的示意性电话模块的前视图。 
图4c图示了根据本发明的示意性电话模块的后视图。 
图5a图示了根据本发明的示意性电话模块的后视图。 
图5b图示了根据本发明的示意性电话模块的前视图。 
图6图示了根据本发明的示意性电话模块后视图的一部分。 
图7a和7b图示了根据本发明的示意性电话模块的前视图。 
图8a图示了根据本发明的示意性电话模块的后视图。 
图8b图示了根据本发明的示意性电话模块后视图的一部分。 
图8c图示了根据本发明的示意性电话模块的前视图。 
图9a和9b图示了根据本发明的示意性CATV模块的前视图。 
图9c图示了根据本发明的示意性CATV模块的后视图。 
图10a和10b图示了根据本发明的示意性电源模块的前视图。 
图11a和11c图示了根据本发明的示意性电话模块的前视图。 
图11b图示了根据本发明的示意性电话模块的后视图。 
图11d图示了根据本发明的示意性电话模块的前视图及其一部分。 
图12a图示了根据本发明用于模块使用的带。 
图12b图示了根据本发明的示意性电话模块的前视图。 
图13a图示了根据本发明用于模块使用的带。 
图13b图示了根据本发明的示意性电话模块的前视图。 
图13c图示了根据本发明的示意性电话模块的前视图。 
图14a和14b图示了根据本发明的示意性电话模块的前视图。 
图15a图示了根据本发明用于模块使用的适配器。 
图15b和15c图示了根据本发明的示意性电话模块的前视图。 
图15d图示了根据本发明的示意性电话模块的视图。 
图16a图示了根据本发明用于模块使用的适配器。 
图16b和16c图示了根据本发明的示意性电话模块的前视图。 
图16d图示了根据本发明用于模块使用的适配器和插座。 
图17a图示了根据本发明用于模块使用的适配器和插座。 
图17b和17c图示了根据本发明的示意性电话模块的前视图。 
图17d图示了根据本发明的示意性电话模块的前视图。 
图18a图示了根据本发明的适配器和示意性电话模块的前视图。 
图18b图示了根据本发明的适配器和示意性电话模块的后视图。 
图18c图示了根据本发明用于模块使用的适配器和插座。 
图18d和18e图示了根据本发明的示意性电话模块的前视图。 
图18f图示了根据本发明的示意性电话模块前视图的一部分。 
图18g图示了根据本发明的示意性电话模块后视图的一部分。 
图19a图示了根据本发明的示意性电话模块的后视图。 
图19b图示了根据本发明的示意性电话模块的后视图。 
图20所示为根据本发明的示意性模块的功能方框图。 
图21所示为根据本发明的示意性电话模块的功能方框图。 
图22所示为根据本发明的示意性电源模块的功能方框图。 
图23所示为根据本发明的示意性CATV模块的功能方框图。 
图24所示为根据本发明的示意性LAN模块的功能方框图。 
图25图示了根据本发明的示意性电源模块的前视图。 
图26图示了根据本发明的示意性电话模块的前视图。 
图27图示了根据本发明的示意性电话模块的前视图。 
图28所示为根据本发明的示意性模块的功能方框图。 
图29所示为根据本发明的示意性模块的功能方框图。 
图30a图示了根据本发明的示意性电源模块的前视图。 
图30b图示了根据本发明的示意性电源模块的前视图。 
图31图示了根据本发明的示意性电话模块的前视图。 
图32a图示了根据本发明的示意性电源模块的前视图。 
图32b图示了根据本发明的示意性电源模块的前视图。 
图32c图示了根据本发明的示意性电源模块的前视图。 
图33a图示了根据本发明的示意性电源模块的前视图。 
图33b图示了根据本发明的示意性电源模块的后视图。 
图33c图示了根据本发明用于PDA使用的示意性电源模块的前视图。 
图33d图示了根据本发明用于蜂窝电话使用的示意性电源模块的前视图。 
图33e图示了根据本发明用于PDA使用的示意性电话模块的前视图。 
图34a图示了根据本发明的示意性艺术成形电源模块的前视图。 
图34b图示了根据本发明的示意性艺术成形电源模块的前视图。 
图35所示为根据本发明的示意性模块的功能方框图。 
具体实施方式
参考附图和相关描述可以明白根据本发明的网络原理和操作。所述附图和描述仅仅是概念性的。在实际的实践中,单个组件能够实现一个或更多功能;替换地,每个功能能够通过多个组件和电路实现。在附图和描述中,相同的附图标记表示在不同实施例或配置中公共的那些组件。 
模块 
本发明涉及同时电连接现有插座和机械连接到该插座的模块。为了简化起见,这里首先关于用于结合电话插座使用的模块描述本发明,以便提供到电话插座的电连接。在图3b和3a中分别示出了基本的示意性电话模块30的前视图和后视图。RJ-11电话插头31被安装在模块30的后表面上,以便从其向外伸出连接到插座RJ-11电话插孔。在该模块的前表面上具有两个RJ-11插孔32a和32b,以便共同保持电话连接性,以及用于数据通信连接的RJ-45连接器34(诸如公共10/100Base-T以太网接口)。所述模块还可以应用可视指示器诸如33a和33b。 
表面连接 
在本发明的一个或更多实施例中,所述模块机械连接到现有插座的前 表面。这可以例如使用吸力完成。 
在本发明的一个或更多实施例中,该机械连接使用吸力用于机械连接。图4a所示为使用吸力将模块连接到现有插座前表面的这种模块。为了添加到基本模块30,模块40包括两个吸盘41a和41b,如图4b所示当该吸盘被按压到现有插座42的表面上时,模块40变为连接到插座42上。同时,连接器31与连接器43紧密配合。尽管示例了两个吸力单元41a和41b,但是如果产生足够的吸力来支承模块的重量,可以使用任何数量的这种单元。在图4c中示出了这种模块40的图示,还示出了释放杠杆44以便通过按下释放杠杆44释放连接器31,从而从插座42拆卸模块40。 
根据本发明的另一个实施例,所述模块使用粘合剂材料诸如胶水或不干胶机械连接到现有插座的前表面。粘合剂材料可以应用于所有或部分需要与模块接触的现有插座的表面区域。图5a和5b示出了模块50到插座42的这种连接,其中施加胶水给模块50的特定区域51(标记为阴影)和/或插座42的相对表面52。在绝大多数情况下,这种连接是永久性的。 
替换地,使用所谓的“挂钩和环”紧固件诸如VELCRO,或任何其他可释放的联结表面能够实现可释放的机械连接。在这种方法中紧密配合的Velcro带(例如通过粘合剂)在相对和接触表面上被连接到现有插座和模块,从而通过并置紧密配合的带形成机械连接。所述模块能够通过施加足够的力量释放VELCRO紧固件从所述插座分离开来。 
如上所述,本发明使用两种机械连接的方法,即永久和可拆卸连接。在永久连接解决方案中,诸如如上所述的胶粘,将所述模块连接到现有插座并且不能容易地从其拆卸下来,因此产生联结的插座/模块单元。在可拆卸方法中,例如使用吸力或VELCRO的情况下,可以从插座拆卸和分离所述模块,这样允许返回到连接之前的状态。从插座分离模块可以容易和赤手空拳地处理(诸如例如在Velcro的情况下),或使用标准或特定工具(例如螺丝刀)实现。 
现有插座和模块之间的电连接经由公用连接器诸如上述用于电话的RJ-11插孔。在本发明的再一个实施例中,所述连接器还辅助和增强机械连接。如上所述,RJ-11插头被固定和连接到该模块,因此提供附加的机 械支承。但是,某些连接器不设计用于这种机械应力并且可能在这种使用中受到损害或影响电连接的可靠性。在本发明的一个或更多实施例中,所述连接器仅仅用于电连接。在这种情况下,模块中的紧密配合连接器并不固定到外壳而是经由电缆(‘dongle’方法)进行连接。在图6中示出了示意性配置,该图示例了经由短电缆61与模块60(示出了其后部的部分)连接的RJ-11插头31。在现有插座上安装模块典型需要将该模块中的连接器连接到插座中的配合连接器,之后是机械连接。在所述连接不永久的情况下,作为分离处理的一部分不应该拔掉所述模块连接器的插头。 
侧固定 
根据本发明的其他实施例,在通过按压在现有插座侧边上的模块部分连接模块的情况下应用侧固定。在图7a和7b中示例了这种配置。所示的模块70基于上述基本模块30,还具有可移动的侧杆71a和71b,侧杆可以倾斜分开并且释放以便啮合插座42的相应边缘72a和72b。凹槽71a和71b可以有弹力地安装在插座的外表面上以便能够相互向外分开。替换地,插座42的边缘72a和72b可以具有向外伸出用于啮合相应凹槽71a和71b的脊,在这种情况下它足以依赖于插座外壳的弹力来保证凹槽和相应脊之间的紧压配合。可以使用弹簧提供这种压力。在图7b中示出了连接到插座42的模块70。尽管在图中,外围凹槽71a和71b安装在插座的侧边缘上,但是其能够同样安装在其上下边缘上。 
图8a所示为具有构成偏心水平机制的一对偏心杠杆81a和81b的模块80。如在图8b中的详细视图82中所示,杠杆81b可以绕轴83旋转。在如图8c所示将模块80连接到插座42以及在第一方向(例如向上)推动杠杆时,杠杆81a和81b按压在插座42的相应侧表面72a和72b上,从而将模块80‘锁定’到插座42。在第二、相对的方向(例如向下)旋转杠杆81从插座42解锁模块80。 
尽管已经关于用于安装到电话插座上的模块描述了本发明,但是将会理解本发明同样应用于其他插座,诸如电源和CATV插座。在图9a中示出了使用如上所述侧固定的模块90的实例。类似于上述模块70,模块90包括数据连接器34、指示器33a和33b、以及可移动侧杆71a和71b。代 替模块70的电话插孔32a和32b,应用RF连接器91。连接器91可以是在北美CATV系统中常见的F型连接器、BNC型或任何其他类型。如在图9b中所示,模块90被连接到具有RF连接器99的CATV插座92,这种连接器是在北美CATV系统中常见的F型插头、BNC型或任何其他同轴电缆连接器。以与上述类似的方式,经由啮合插座92相应侧边缘72a和72b的外围凹槽71a和71b将模块90连接和固定到插座92。 
图9c示出了经由短电缆95灵活安装的具有RF插头94的搭锁模块90。但是,该插头可以同样刚性安装到所述插座。 
在图10a中与电源插座结合使用的模块的实例示为模块100。用作结合电源传送布线所述模块包括所示的电源插孔101,这种电源插孔用于支持在北美常见的两个插脚的设备。其他特征类似于上述的模块。如图10b所示,模块100还可搭锁住电源插座102,以连接到插座电源插孔93并如上所说明机械连接到插座侧表面72a和72b。尽管描述了2-插脚插座和插头,但是将会理解本发明同样应用于3-插脚插座和插头。 
搭锁 
在根据本发明的一个或更多实施例中所述模块通过在插座面板以及墙壁之间插入调整片连接到现有插座上。在图11a中示出了这种模块110。模块110基于模块30,其中如图11b所示添加了两个摆动闩锁111a(在图11d中示出)和111b。当模块110连接到插座42时,通过摆动闩锁111a和111b实现搭锁动作,从而在插座42和安装插座42的墙壁之间强加闩锁。如图11c所示这种动作将模块110连接到插座42。图11d所示为闩锁111a的详细视图112。在本实例中,没有描述闩锁111的简单释放机构。 
捆带/绑带固定 
尽管已经关于作为模块完整部分的连接装置描述了本发明,但是将会理解本发明同样应用于机械连接装置被从现有插座和模块都分离的情形。在这里,现在通过关于使用固定绑带或捆带的非限制性实例的方式展示这种方法。 
图12a和12b中示例了U型固定捆带或绑带120。捆带120是不易弯 曲的但提供一定程度的弹性,并且包括两个硬的支柱121a和121b。捆带120用于给模块30加负荷以按压插座42,其中支柱121a和121b靠紧插座42的后表面,从而保证机械连接。 
图13a示出了类似的捆带130,其支柱121a和121b铰链到相应的杠杆131a和131b。图13b和13c示例了使用捆带130连接到插座42的模块30。杠杆131a和131b可以用于在适当的位置锁住并固定表面121a和121b,或替换地可以用于释放其按压,从而能够容易和快速地从插座42分离模块30。 
尽管已经关于有限数量的连接技术诸如表面连接、侧固定、搭锁和绑带固定描述了本发明,但是将会理解本发明同样应用于支持模块机械连接和电连接到插座的其他方法和装置。而且,还将会理解上述方法的任何组合或任何一种所述方法和另一种方法的任何组合都位于本发明的范围内。 
紧固螺丝 
常见的现有插座包括两个部分:安装在插座前面的塑料面板,以及固定到墙上的插座体。在绝大多数情况下,通过一个或两个螺丝将所述面板紧固到插座体上。在一个或更多实施例中,使用螺丝将模块固定到插座上。如果想要,螺丝同样可以用于将面板固定到插座体上。图14a示出了去除螺丝的插座面板42,同时示例了螺纹孔141a和141b。该图还示出了具有两个通孔142a和142b的模块145。螺丝143a和143b通过相应的通孔插入到模块145,以便螺纹啮合插座42中的螺纹孔141a和141b,从而将模块145固定到插座体。螺丝143长于正好单独用于固定插座面板的螺丝。 
如图14b所示在紧固螺丝143时模块145机械连接到插座42。卸螺丝143允许将模块145从插座42分离。应该注意到在本实施例中,插座的面板42可以在将模块连接到插座时去除。 
适配器 
以上已经关于模块直接安装在现有插座上,而不使用任何媒介设备(除粘合剂之外)的情形描述了本发明。但是,在很多情况下,在插座和模块之间使用分离的机械适配器也是有益的。当使用这种机械适配器时, 适配器被同时连接到现有插座和模块上。使用这种适配器的一个好处是能够使用用于每种插座类型的不同适配器,将相同的模块安装到各种插座结构。另一个好处是能够容易地更换模块类型,同时消除了替换机械适配器的需要。 
在使用机械适配器的结构中,包含两个机械连接。一个是适配器连接到现有插座,另一个是模块连接到机械适配器。上述机械连接当然不需要模块到插座的电连接。根据本发明,两个机械连接,即插座/适配器和适配器/模块是完全分离和独立的。例如,每个连接可以是永久的或可移除的。而且,在某些应用中将首先执行插座/适配器连接,而其他应用可能要求首先执行适配器/模块连接。 
插座/适配器和适配器/模块连接之一或二者可以使用任何上述连接方法,诸如侧固定、表面连接、搭锁和绑带/捆带固定,或任何其他连接方法和装置。为了简化起见,现在将仅仅描述适配器/模块连接的实例。 
闩锁/搭锁配合适配器 
图15a示例了根据本发明的示意性闩锁/搭锁配合适配器150。在本实例中,使用表面连接诸如粘合剂将机械适配器150连接到插座。适配器150的开口151允许接入到现有插座插孔。提供两个搭锁配合连接器,每个连接器包括可弯曲的调整片,该调整片在其最外表面上具有连接到搭锁模块的相应向外突出的凸缘152a和152b。如图15b所示适配器150首先连接(例如,胶粘)到现有插座42。如图15所示适配器150结合模块155使用。模块155在相对的表面中具有多个孔,图中只示出了一个孔156a,该孔形成用于啮合相应凸缘152a和152b所需的尺寸,从而如图15c所示模块155搭锁配合到插座。 
尽管关于首先将适配器150连接到插座42描述了上述连接,以类似的方式第一动作可以是如图15d所示连接适配器150到模块155。在这种情况下,然后连接(例如,胶粘)组合的模块155/适配器150到现有插座42。 
显然这种模块155/适配器150连接可以是永久的或分可离的。在后者 情况下,推或按下凸缘152将模块155从组合的插座42/适配器150组件释放。 
尽管已经示例了上述结构,该结构显示了垂直定位的槽,但是将会明白同样可以使用水平搭锁配合连接器,正如在图16a到16d描述的适配器160所示。 
尽管以上将适配器150和160描述为每个适配器具有两个支承连接点,但是将会理解这并无意图是限制性的并且可以使用多于两个的连接器。因此,图17a示出了支持四个搭锁配合连接器的示意性适配器170,图只示出了连接到插座42的两个连接器171a和171b。两个搭锁配合连接器171a和171b位于上表面以及两个搭锁配合连接器(未示出)位于下表面,从而总共提供四个支承点。图17b中所示的模块175包括用于啮合适配器中搭锁配合连接器的相应的孔,图中只示出了两个孔176a和176b,从而产生了如在图17b的分解视图。以及图17c和17d图示中所示的组合模块175/适配器170/插座42。在根据本发明的一个或更多实施例中,两个搭锁配合连接器(例如,在图中未示出的两个下面的连接器)可以用作辅助锁定其他对171a和171b的轴和导向装置。 
卡口(旋转)闩锁 
在根据本发明的一个或更多实施例中,如在图18a中所示使用旋转闩锁机构。该图示例了包括插孔/插口181的适配器180。使用卡口闩锁将适配器180可释放地固定到模块185,该卡口闩锁包括具有用于卡口装配到插孔181的两个位置,即‘打开’和‘锁定’的旋转插头186。如图18b所示,在‘打开’位置旋转插头186能够自由地移动进出插孔/插口181。图18c示出了连接到插座42的适配器180。图18d示出了在安装之前与插座42隔开的模块185。在将模块185连接到组合的插座42/适配器180组件时,旋转插头186插入到插口181中并使用螺丝刀、硬币等将它从前(如图18c和18f所示)扭动到‘锁定’位置,从而卡口锁定插头186到插孔181,并将模块185连接到插座42。图18g示出了这种锁定结构。向后旋转插头186到‘打开’位置将从适配器180/插座42组件释放模块186。尽管已经描述了单个插头/插孔对,但是将会明白可以使用两个或更多这 种卡口闩锁,从而产生增强的稳定性和安全性。 
磁性适配器 
尽管已经关于使用机械结构、力、力矩和机械装置描述了本发明,但是将会理解本发明同样应用于任何其他连接技术诸如使用磁力。在图19a中示出了这种实施例的一个实例。模块190包括两个磁铁191a和191b、如在图19b中示例,用作适配器的磁性或可磁化金属盘192a和192b连接(例如,胶粘)到插座42,与相应模块190表面191对齐。磁铁/盘191a和191b磁性连接到相应金属盘192a和192b,从而将模块190连接到插座42。将会理解191和192都可以是具有相对极的磁性体。类似地,模块190可以包括与插座42上的磁表面紧密配合的金属盘192。 
尽管已经关于作为分离和单独设备的机械适配器描述了本发明,但是将会理解本发明同样应用于适配器与插座是一个整体,或适配器与模块是一个整体的情况。 
基于模块的家庭网络 
图20示出了在家庭网络环境中典型使用的模块250的通常功能示意性方框图。模块250方便了基于室内布线的数据网络同时具有基本服务,其中该布线是原来安装以支持上述服务的。非限制性实例是与电话布线相连接支持电话服务的电话插座,以及与电源布线相连接支持AC电源分布的电源插座以及与CATV电缆相连接支持CATV分布的CATV插座。所述模块经由连接器251连接插座。由于在绝大多数情况下需要模块250保持添加到数据连网功能的基本服务(电话、AC电源或CATV),因此模块250嵌入提供原始服务的服务连接器253。数据/服务分离器/组合器252用于从数据信号分离(和组合)在布线上传送的基本服务信号。例如,在数据和服务在布线上使用不同频谱信号的情况下(FDM-频分多路复用),分离器/组合器252将使用第一滤波器分离服务信号频谱并将它耦合至服务连接器253以及使用第二滤波器分离数据信号频谱并将它馈送到媒介调制解调器254。类似地,通过分离器/组合器252组合该服务和数据信号并经由连接器251馈送给布线。在某些实现中,技术能够直接连接媒介调制解调器254以及服务连接器253,因此消除了对数据/服务分离器/组合 器252的需要,媒介调制解调器254和服务连接器253都直接连接到布线连接器251。媒介调制解调器254的功能是在布线上发送和接收数据。在电源插座的情况下,媒介调制解调器254能够在电源线上传送数据。类似地,在电话插座的情况下媒介调制解调器254能够在电话布线上传送数据以及在CATV插座的情况下在CATV电缆上传送数据。在绝大多数情况下,优化与分离器/组合器252一起工作的调制解调器254不干扰在布线上传送的基本服务信号也不受其干扰。 
模块250提供经由模块集成接口,包括数据连接器258和接口适配器256,到在室内布线上所传送数据的接入。接口适配器256的功能是当连接到数据网络时包括所需的支持所需接口的所有电路,而实际的物理连接使用数据连接器258,其代表上述的数据连接器34。通常,可以使用任何串行或并行数据接口。但是,在绝大多数情况下,所支持的数据接口以及连接器258将遵循常见的标准数据接口。这些数字数据接口的实例有IEEE802.3 10/100/1000BaseT(通常使用以上所示的RJ-45连接器类型34)、USB(通用串行总线)、IEEE1284、EIA/TIA-232、IEEE1394以及其他接口。而且,模块250到连接器258支持的接口还可以是模拟类型而不是所述的数字类型。描述插座内置接口的一些实例如下: 
1、模拟视频接口。该插座可用于输入模拟视频,输出模拟视频或二者兼有。应该注意到这种视频与作为基本服务传送的CATV视频信号将是有区别的,而是包含以数字格式传送的作为形成数据网络一部分的视频信号。在题为‘Outlet with analog signal adapter,a method for use thereof anda network using said outlet’受让于本发明受让人的文献WO03/039150中描述了支持模拟视频接口的插座。在这种插座中,接口适配器256适当地包括模数(A/D)或数模(D/A)转换器。 
2、模拟语音(音频)接口。该插座可用于输入模拟语音,输出模拟语音或二者兼有。应该注意到这种语音与作为基本服务传送的电话信号将是有区别的,而是包含以数字格式传送作为形成数据网络一部分的语音信号。在这种插座中,接口适配器256适当地包括模数(A/D)或数模(D/A)转换器。 
3、电话接口。该插座可用于连接电话设备。应该注意到这种电话信号与作为基本服务传送的电话信号将是有区别的,而是包含以数字格式传送的作为形成数据网络一部分的电话信号。在题为‘Telephone outlet withpacket telephony adapter,and a network using same’受让于本发明受让人的文献WO03/005691中描述了支持电话接口的插座。在这种插座中,接口适配器256适当地包括模数(A/D)或数模(D/A)转换器。 
在基本情形中,接口适配器256能够直接连接到媒介调制解调器254,这允许信号流从经由连接器258和接口适配器256连接到插座的单元经由布线连接器251到媒介调制解调器254以及分离器/组合器252到达所述布线。在这些情况下,不需要集线器255和管理257。 
在管理的数据网络环境中,将会有益的包括部分或全部网络管理功能到模块250中。例如,寻址装置可以集成到插座中,以便允许该插座被远程访问。在另一个实例中,将QoS(服务质量)工具嵌入到测量服务的插座中。插座集成网络管理功能可以包括或支持: 
1、性能管理。测量和跟踪网络变量诸如吞吐量、响应时间和线路利用率。 
2、配置管理。监控和改变配置信息以跟踪软件和硬件单元的影响。 
3、记帐管理。测量利用率以便能够跟踪和调节网络资源的使用。 
4、故障管理。有效地检测、记录和通知用户与网络运行有关的问题。 
5、安全管理。控制到网络资源的接入。 
可选的管理/处理单元257支持所述网络管理功能。管理功能还可以包括位于插座上的本地可视指示器,诸如上述指示器33a和33b。管理/处理单元257耦合至插座中的所有相关功能诸如媒介调制解调器254、集线器255和接口适配器256。 
类似于上述集线器11,可以使用可选的多点单元(集线器)255以便仲裁插座中的多个数据流。基本上,集线器255仲裁与经由连接器258和接口适配器256连接的外部数据设备以及经由媒介调制解调器254在布线上形成的网络相关的数据流。 
在图21中示出了例如以上代表模块30的电话模块260作为模块250的非限制性实例。模块260基于在本领域中已知的在现用电话布线上传送数据的HomePNA技术。与模块250的连接器251相关的连接器261用于连接室内电话布线。这种连接器261代表上述连接器31。通常模块250的分离器/组合器252通过一组低通滤波器(LPF)262和高通滤波器(HPF)265实现。类似地,通常模块250的媒介调制解调器254通过PNC(电话线载波)调制解调器264实现。连接器263是标准的电话连接器(例如,北美的RJ-11),它代表通常模块250的通常服务连接器253。这种连接器263代表上述连接器32a。 
类似地,图22中示出了代表上述模块100的电源线模块270的实例。该模块包括保持原始AC电源设备的电源连接器273、经由电源插座诸如102连接AC电源布线的布线连接器271、和PLC调制解调器274。这种连接器273代表上述连接器101。在本实例中,在布线、PLC调制解调器274和电源连接273之间不需要分离,所以也不需要通常模块250的分离器/组合器252。某些PLC调制解调器274实现可能仍需要这种分离设备。 
通常模块250的另一个实例是在图23中所示的,表示上述模块90实例的CATV模块280。连接器281提供到同轴电缆的连接,以及经由RF连接器283保持CATV服务。这种连接器283代表上述连接器91。同轴电缆调制解调器284用作媒介调制解调器。在绝大多数情况下数据网络使用在同轴电缆上传送的其中一个视频信道,分离器/组合器252替换为带通滤波器(BPF)282,以及连接器283直接连接到布线连接器281。这种连接器281代表上述连接器94。 
LAN环境 
尽管已经关于在用于现用服务(例如,电话、CATV和电源)的布线上形成的网络描述了本发明,但是将会理解本发明能够同样应用于在使用专用布线的网络中使用的插座。在这种情形中,基本服务是单一数据网络接口。但是,可能需要给插座提供附加的接口,这超越了单一数据连接接口的基本服务。例如,它可以用于提供多个数据接口,其中所述布线支持这种单一的数据连接。这种插座的一个实例是美国加利福尼亚州圣克拉拉 市3ComTM生产的Network JackTM产品家族。另外,在授予Thompson题为‘Single Medium Wiring Scheme for Multiple Signal Distribution inBuilding and Access Port Therefor’的美国专利6108331以及2003年6月19日公布的McNamara等人题为‘Active Wall Outlet’的美国专利申请US2003/0112965中描述了这些插座。 
在图24中示出了这种模块290的非限制性功能方框图。尽管通用结构类似于通用模块250,但是度于特定应用需要一些适应。由于在布线上只传送单一类型的信号,所以不需要数据/服务分离器/组合器252。简单的收发信机293用于在网络布线上发送和接收信号。收发信机293a用于经由连接器291与布线进行接口。使用收发信机293a经由数据连接器292提供数据端口的‘基本服务’。收发信机以及适配器256(与接口连接器258连接)都将经由集线器255共享所述数据。还可以通过管理/处理功能257管理该插座。 
其他功能 
尽管已经关于用于提供到在布线上传送的数据信号接入的有源组件(例如,调制解调器)(电源消耗)描述了本发明,但是将会理解本发明同样应用于仅使用提供这种耦合的无源组件的模块。关于无源插座描述了这样实现的一个实例,在Binder题为‘Telephone communication system andmethod over local area network wiring’的WO02/25920中公开了这种无源插座。这些插座可作为etherSPLITTM系统的一部分从美国德克萨斯州Qlynk Communication Inc.of College Station获得。 
尽管已经关于数字接口描述了本发明,但是将会理解本发明同样应用于适配器256转换成模拟信号接口,诸如音频或视频,以及模拟传感器或模拟激励器的模块。例如在2003年5月8日公布的Binder题为‘Outlet withAnalog Signal Adapter,a method for Use Thereof and a Network Using SaidOutlet’的WO03/039150中描述了包括内置模拟转换器的有源插座。在图25中示出了具有视频接口的示意性模块288的示例,该模块基于上述模块100。包括在图10a的模块100中的数据连接器34被替换为图25中示出的视频连接器259(F类型、BNC或类似的)。相关适配器256将包括 模数(或数模或二者)功能。应该注意到连接器259是模块288的一部分并涉及以数字格式在网络上传送的视频(或任何模拟信号),并且应该与图9中模块90的连接器91区别,其中该视频是基本服务并因此在网络上以模拟格式传送。 
尽管已经关于有线和基于连接器的模块288描述了本发明,但是将会理解本发明同样应用于其中数据单元使用非有线接口,诸如音频、光(例如,红外)和射频(通常称为无线)的插座。在2001年10月25日公布的Binder题为‘Network Combining Wired and Non-Wired Segments’的WO01/80543中描述了这种插座。在这种情况下,连接器258将被替换为非有线的收发信机,诸如光发射机/接收机或用于RF的天线。替换地,除有线接口之外还提供非有线接口。后者的图示是图26中示出的具有无线接口的模块268,该模块基于上述图14b示出的模块145。除图14b的模块145中的数据连接器34之外,在图26中示出了天线269作为非有线接口的实例。 
尽管已经关于具有单一网络接口(例如,单个连接器258)的插座描述了本发明,但是将会理解本发明同样应用于支持多个网络接口的情况。而且,还可以应用接口类型的混合,诸如位于同一插座中的所有有线数字、有线模拟和非有线接口。类似地,尽管已经关于具有单一基本服务连接,诸如电话连接器263、电源连接器273、CATV连接器283或数据网络连接器292的插座描述了本发明,但是将会理解本发明同样应用于提供多个这种连接的情况。 
尽管已经关于基于导电介质诸如电线和电缆的插座和网络描述了本发明,但是将会理解本发明同样应用于网络介质是非导电的,诸如光纤电缆的情况。在这种情况下,模块290的收发信机293a应该替换为光纤收发信机,以及类似地布线连接器291应该替换为光纤连接器。在2002年10月10日公布的Chu题为‘Fiber Converter Faceplate Outlet’的美国专利申请US2002/0146207以及授予Thompson题为‘Single Medium WiringScheme for Multiple Signal Distribution in Building and Access PortTherefor’的美国专利6108331中描述了支持数据接口并基于光纤电缆的 有源插座。因此,术语本申请中的‘布线’应该解释为包括基于非导电介质诸如光纤电缆的网络。 
模块供电 
在根据本发明的一个或更多实施例中,所述模块包括有源组件(诸如媒介调制解调器254),因此需要对其供电。现在描述的三种非限制性供电方案包括本地馈电、基于布线供电或经由接口模块供电。 
本地馈电 
在这种实现中,所述模块连接给其有源组件馈电的外部电源。在图27中示出了这种方法的图示,该图示例了根据任何上述实施例的模块279。使用经由插头296连接到所述模块的常见小型AC/DC转换器278(可连接独立电源插座102中的电源插孔93)。 
在该模块中可以使用电源适配器来配合外部电源满足内部需要。这种适配器可以包括电压转换(诸如DC到DC转换器)以便配合所需的特定电压,保护电路(诸如熔丝或限流)、调节和噪声过滤,以及本领域已知的其他功能。另外,这种适配器可以包括外部AC/DC转换器278的功能,这允许模块直接连接电源,从而消除了对于外部转换器278的需要。在图28中示意性示出了包括这种电源适配器功能297的这种模块295的示意性方框图。该电源适配器经由连接器296从外部电源馈电,并输出所需的DC电给模块中所有电源供电的组件。 
基于布线供电 
在根据本发明的一个或更多实施例中,所述模块通过布线上传送的电力并经由模块连接的插座供电。这种电可以在分离的导体上传送。在这种情况下,可以使用相同的布线连接器251连接使用分离插脚的电力传送导体。替换地,可以使用其他电源专用连接器。 
在一个或更多优选实施例中,在传送数据网络信号和/或基本服务信号的布线上同时传送电力。在图29中示意性示出了这种模块285。功率分配器功能287用于提取在布线上传送的电力,并将它馈给电源适配器286,而不是从外部馈电适配器297。在绝大多数情况下,功率分配器287 操作应该不与也在同一布线上传送的数据和基本服务干扰(例如,负载效应和阻抗匹配)。 
这种机构的实现不重要的,其中基本服务是关于图22所示的模块270在以上描述的AC电。功率分配器287包括简单的滤波器以及电源适配器286包括标准的AC/DC转换器(类似于上述外部单元278)。 
近来开发的技术允许在同一布线基础设施上同时传送电力和基本服务(和数据)。Rabenko等人题为‘System and method for providing powerover a home phone line network’的美国专利公布20020003873教导了通过使用未被其他信号使用的一部分频谱,在传送电话和数据的电话布线上传送AC电。类似地,已知为Power over Ethernet(PoE)(又名Power overLAN)并根据IEEE802.3af标准化的近来技术在授予Lehr等人题为‘Structure Cabling System’的美国专利6473609中也进行了说明,该专利描述了一种使用仿真机制在LAN布线上传送电力方法。上述技术以及其他技术可以用于提供电力给上述任何模块。功率分配器287根据传送电力的方式适配。例如,在对于电力信号使用不同频谱的情况下,应该使用滤波器。在仿真类型馈电的情况下,如本领域中已知的需要两个变压器。 
经由连接的设备供电 
如上说明,若干数据接口标准还在接口上传送电力。例如,在所述模块连接USB主机单元的情况下,USB接口可以给该模块馈电。 
尽管已经关于单一电源描述了本发明,但是将会理解本发明同样应用于使用多个电源用于冗余或负载共享的情况。 
非联网功能 
尽管已经关于添加联网相关功能给现有插座描述了本发明,但是将会理解本发明同样应用于通过机械连接和电连接该插座添加到现有插座中的任何其他功能。在一个或更多实施例中,添加的功能包括通常提供作为插座一部分的功能。 
一个实例可以是添加的连接。某些插座提供单一插孔,而其他插座提供多个连接。根据本发明的模块可以提供附加连接给单一连接现有插座。 
还可以单独提供这种非联网相关的功能,或者将其添加到上述联网相关功能。在后者情况下,模块将二者的功能包括在单一外壳中。 
AC电模块 
在图30a中示出了根据本发明的示意性模块300,它可连接包括单一电源插孔93的电源插座102。模块300使用如上所述的侧固定单元71和插座93机械连接,并提供三个电源插孔101a、101b和101c,每个插孔直接电连接插孔93。将会理解还可以提供任何其他数量的插孔。而且,该模块可以从一种类型的插孔转换到另一种类型插孔(诸如从美国类型转换到欧洲类型)。在后者情况下,该模块可以包括电压适配所需的变压器(例如从100V AC到240V AC)。 
可以获得提供内置开关电源插孔的某些电源插座。已知的其他插座包括用于照明应用的内置调光器。类似地,通过根据本发明的模块这些功能可以添加到现有插座。图30b中所示的模块301具有开关304,它串行连接插孔302以开关其电源。另外,还示出了控制模块内调光电路以与插孔303结合工作的调光器按钮305。将会理解,如果想要,只需要提供附加功能(即,开关和调光)其中之一。同样,在空间允许的情况下还可提供多于两个的附加功能。 
在电源插座中可获得并且嵌入到模块中以允许添加这些功能给现有插座(除开关和调光之外)的功能的其他非限制性实例如下: 
-熔丝,以及其他安全装置。 
-雷电保护,以及任何其他保护连接设备的保护装置。 
-可视指示器。 
-接地装置诸如侧布线。 
-风扇速度控制。 
-测试和复位熔丝的TEST和RESET按钮。 
-电子定时器开关。 
-传感器,诸如红外占用传感器。 
-滤波器(例如,用于噪声滤波)。 
-安全相关传感器(例如,热、洪水) 
电话模块 
图31中示出了根据本发明的示意性模块310,它可连接到包括单一电话插孔43的电话插座42。模块310使用任何上述方法机械连接到插座93,并提供四个电话插孔311a、311b、311c和311d。每个这种插孔可以直接连接插孔43,这允许四个电话设备连接到同一条电话线上。替换地,在插孔43支持两个或更多电话连接(使用不同插脚)的情况下,电话插孔311可以连接到不同的电话线(例如,插孔311a和311b连接线路1以及插孔311c和311d连接线路2)。在授予Beavers题为‘Multiple outlettelephone jack’的美国专利6366671中描述了这种模块。 
可获得提供内置微滤波器,以及在本领域中已知的与ADSL和HomePNA结合使用的某些电话插座。类似地,通过根据本发明的模块的方式将这种微滤波器添加到现有插座。在电话插座中可获得的并且嵌入到模块中以添加这些功能(除开关和调光之外)给现有插座的功能的其他非限制性实例如下: 
-雷电保护,以及任何保护连接电话设备的其他保护装置。 
-可视指示器。 
-传感器,诸如红外占用传感器。 
-熔丝,以及其他安全装置。 
-滤波器(例如,用于噪声滤波)。 
尽管以上已经关于电源和电话插座示例了非联网功能,但是将会理解本发明同样应用于任何类型的插座,包括LAN和CATV插座。在后者的情况下,在提供多个CATV连接的模块内可以使用RF分配器。 
集成设备 
尽管已经关于添加可用插座功能给现有插座描述了本发明,但是将会理解本发明同样应用于通过机械连接和电气耦合至该插座给现有插座添 加任何其他功能。特别是,常见地连接到插座的装置或设备的功能现在能够部分或全部集成到模块中。在这种结构中,省略了对于经由电缆连接设备到插座的需要。除改进审美感之外,多于暴露的电缆也是不方便和危险的。在这里描述了一些集成实例。 
已知小型AC/DC转换器诸如上述设备278作为连接设备到AC电的装置。这种转换器278可以直接连接到电源插座或经由电源软线连接到它。在本发明的一个或更多实施例中,这种转换器278集成到模块中。该转换器可以作为模块的单一功能集成或添加到其他功能。后者通过图32a中示例的模块321展示,该模块基于上述模块301。除开关和调光功能之外,模块321还包括转换器278,这允许设备通过DC连接器322连接到它。在Eckel等人题为‘Cordless telephone outlet device’的加拿大专利申请2420515中描述了这种具有内置AC/DC转换器的插座。 
图32b示出了连接到电源插座102的电源模块323。类似于上述插座100,模块323提供三个数据连接34a、34b和34c。模块323还包括以上描述的有关模块321的电源开关304,并且可以包括控制电源插孔302的开关304。在另一个实施例中,模块323提供集成控制灯室324以及与其相连接的灯325的开关304的夜灯功能。附加夜灯设备已知为附加单独的灯室。如图32b所示,全部夜灯功能包括开关、灯和灯室完全集成到模块323中。尽管图32b中所示的灯室324刚性连接到该模块,但是还可以使用易弯曲的机械连接,如关于图32c所示的示意性模块327所显示。在这种结构中,灯室324通过易弯曲固持器326连接到模块体。在授予Blackman题为‘Emergency Safety Light’的美国专利5473517中公开了一种具有内置照明功能的电源插座。 
与电源插座相连接设备的另一个实例是充电器,诸如PDA(个人数字助理)或蜂窝电话充电器。这些充电器通常包括充电电路和用于被充电设备的机械座。在根据本发明的一个或更多实施例中,这种充电器功能集成到所述模块中。图33a示出了基于上述模块100的这种模块330的前视图,图33b示出了后视图。作为添加到模块100的功能,模块330包括PDA充电器功能。除内置充电器之外模块330还包括容座331和连接器 339,用于提供电连接和机械座给被充电的PDA。模块330经由形成AC插头332的两个管脚电连接AC电插座,并通过任何上述方法连接到它。图33c示出了位于充电位置的PDA 333(假设模块330连接到AC电插座)。尽管以上关于PDA进行了描述,但是将会理解任何移动设备可以替换该PDA,诸如结合图33d中的相应模块335示出的容座336和蜂窝电话337。 
尽管以上模块330和335描述为仅支持电源功能,但是将会理解还可以添加数据联网。例如,在AC电源布线也传送数据信号的情况下(如上所述)、被供电(或被充电)设备(诸如PDA 333或蜂窝电话337)用作网络中的有源节点,还可以访问该数据网络信号。在这种情况下,所述模块包括上述的部分或全部数据功能。 
尽管以上关于提供电力给连接/附着到它的装置/设备的电源模块描述了模块321、330和335,但是将会理解这种馈电功能还可以包括在其他插座(例如,电话、CATV和LAN插座)中。所述模块可以通过上述任何一种模块供电方法(或其组合)进行供电。图33e示出了基于上述电话插座279的一种这种示意性的电话模块338。模块338本地馈电以给其电路供电以及经由机械容座331对PDA 333进行充电。 
尽管以上描述的模块主要用于支持电源功能,但是将会理解数据联网可以是所支持的主要或唯一的功能。在这种情况下,连接的设备(例如,PDA 333或蜂窝电话337)用作数据网络中的节点,耦合至在布线上传送的数据信号。该模块包括上述部分或全部数据功能,但是除(或代替)数据连接器(例如,连接器34)连接相应的设备之外。而且,除PDA 333和蜂窝电话337的实例之外,将会理解可以支持任何其他设备用于供电、数据或二者。非限制性实例是手持或移动设备诸如数码相机、数字音乐播放器、数字视频播放器以及web pads。 
尽管以上描述模块330、335和338为提供固持PDA 333或蜂窝电话337的对接功能,但是将会理解可以使用任何其他这些机械座、对接单元或机械连接装置。在通常情况下,根据本发明一个或更多实施例的模块提供机械连接设备(例如,PDA 333和蜂窝电话337)到它的机械装置(例如,容座331)。这种机械连接还可以使用重力固持设备到模块,或替换 地使用(单独或除重力之外)闩锁机制来保证这种连接。这种机械装置(将与用于连接模块到插座的机械装置有区别)还可以支持电连接(如以上所示用于座331,还提供电力连接)。在其他实施例中,该电连接使用模块提供的连接器。这种方法的明显优点在于能够在墙壁上悬挂装置和设备,而不是占用通常摆满东西的桌面空间。 
应该注意到授予Janik题为’Wall switch device and power outletdevice’的美国专利6518724公开了一种电源墙壁开关,它包括用于PDA或蜂窝电话的送受话器叉簧以及内置无线功能。但是,Janik描述的送受话器叉簧功能是插座的一部分并且它不被提供作为附加模块。而且,Janik仅仅描述了电源插座特别是墙壁开关,并没有记载有关其他类型的插座诸如电话、CATV和LAN插座。 
集成电话设备 
尽管已经关于集成电力消耗设备到电源模块描述了本发明,但是将会理解本发明同样应用于集成电话插座相连接的设备到电话模块。通常连接电话插座的这些装置或设备的实例如下: 
-应答机。 
-XDSL调制解调器,包括ADSL调制解调器。 
-拨号调制解调器。 
-电话机。 
-无绳电话,诸如无绳电话主机单元。 
-电话推销防止设备。 
-主叫用户ID单元。 
任何一个或更多上述功能可以集成到插座中。而且,所述插座可以提供连接任何装设备到它的机械装置。 
集成CATV设备 
尽管已经关于集成电力或电话消耗设备到相应电源或电话模块描述了本发明,但是将会理解本发明同样应用于集成CATV插座连接的设备到 CATV模块。通常连接CATV插座的这些装置或设备的实例如下: 
-电缆调制解调器(例如,基于DOCSIS)。 
-机顶盒。 
-VCR。 
-DVD 
-电视机。 
-DVR(数字视频记录设备)。 
-DRM(数字权利管理)相关设备。 
非技术性应用 
尽管已经关于技术功能描述了上述模块,但是将会理解对于非技术性应用诸如改进审美感可以实现本发明。在这种应用中,所述模块可能限制于提供装饰设计并且不必包括电气或机械功能。这种设计可能适合家务管理的爱好,并且例如可能用于与房间的其他部分相协调。例如,根据本发明的模块可以具有独特的色彩、纹理或装饰。大多数可用的插座面板以非常有限数量的色彩和形状提供,这种模块考虑特定的色彩、形状、纹理、装饰或任何其他装饰性特征。而且,在需要改变色彩的情况,例如在粉刷墙壁的情况下,利用所述模块能够容易地完成这种改变,这消除了对于替换部分或全部现有插座的需要并且消除了与现用布线的干扰。 
除装饰(例如,色彩)之外,可以以美感方式形成所述模块。图34a和34b示出了模块形状、结果和其他装饰性设计的实例。这两个图都示例了基于如上所述电源模块100的电源模块,不同之处在于提供两个数据通信端口34a和34b,而不是包括在电源模块100中的单一数据连接器34。图34a示出了连接到电源插座102的电源模块341,它提供电源插孔101和可视指示器33a。模块341形成‘玩具熊’脸的形状。这种结构以及任何其他动物主题形状可以适合于儿童房间。还可以应用其他主题,诸如体育人物或音乐家、乐器等等。在图34b中另一种艺术方面示为椭圆形状的电源模块342。模块342示为使用基于如上所述调整片111a(未示出)和 111b的搭锁连接方法。 
状态指示器 
该模块可以包括如上所述的可视指示器33a和33b,用于允许用户容易观察模块状态。这些指示器可以是本领域中已知的LED(发光二极管)。该可视指示器可以用于指示以下模块状态。 
电力。该可视指示器可以用于指示模块中的电力存在以对其内部有源电路供电。以上描述了各种用于给模块供电的技术。不管模块的电源如何(如上所述),这种指示将保证实际的电力到达该模块。这种指示通常标记为‘POWER’或‘ON’。该指示器能够直接耦合至给模块馈电的电源信号或替换地耦合至电源输出。在后者情况下,该指示器用于指示电源信号可用性以及内部电源的正确操作二者。在图35中展示了后一种情况。所示的模块350基于如上所述的模块285。模块350包括与限流电阻351串联的LED352。在这种结构中LED352可以用作例如指示器33a。LED352连接电源适配器286的输出,因此LED352的照明指示电源适配器286和功率分配器287的正确操作,以及给模块350进行馈电的电力存在。 
正确操作。可视指示器还可以用于指示集成到模块内的部分或全部电子电路的正确操作。位于该模块内的电子电路可以支持自测试或任何其他内置诊断装置,其中测试结果将通过可视指示器用信号通知。 
通信状态。在模块包括通信功能的情况下,该模块可以指示通信的可用性和状态。一般而言,可以包含两条通信链路。一条通信链路指在服务布线上数据通信信号的可用性,以指示调制解调器254接收有效的通信信号。例如,在室内安装有两个模块以允许它们之间进行通信的情况下,两个模块都将指示在服务布线上网络的存在。其他通信链路包含与模块相连接的数据单元和模块之间的通信。在连接适当的可操作数据单元到模块的连接器258(或34)时,可以建立这种通信链路。这种状态指示能够根据通常在基于以太网IEEE802.3 10/100BaseT的网络中使用的‘链路脉冲’机制。 
除指示可操作网络的存在之外,它还有益具有关于这种通信链路性能 的信息。例如,数据速率(有效或标称)是重要的网络参数。在这种情况下,所述可视指示器将提供有关网络性能的信息。常见的10/100BaseT以太网网络通常应用两个指示器来发信号通知是否系统以10Mb/s还是以100Mb/s模式工作。还可以使用提供量化信息的任何其他可视指示器,诸如‘条形图’、数字、多强度电平等。 
服务监控。该模块可以包括服务监控装置。在这种情况下,可视指示器发信号通知服务信号的可用性和状态。在电源模块的情况下,将检测和指示AC电(110或220V AV)的可用性。在电话模块的情况下,该指示器可以反映电话信号的存在,‘摘机’状态的存在、振铃状态等等。类似地,在CATV模块的情况下,可以指示CATV信号的存在。 
上述各种状态中的每个状态可以通过单个专用状态指示器表示。但是,为了减小复杂度,通常使用已知的技术组合这些信号。这些技术可以使用(同一指示器的)不同的颜色、不同的强度电平、可变占空周期等等。尽管已经描述了可视指示器,但是可使用其他的指示方法诸如可听的音调(如单独使用或与图像组合使用)。 
总结 
尽管已经关于现有插座是简单的仅无源布线设备以及添加的功能全部存在于模块中的结构描述了本发明,但是将会理解本发明同样应用于该添加的功能在插座和模块之间分离的其他实施例。 
尽管已经关于集成到模块中的各种功能描述了本发明,但是将会理解本发明同样应用于这些功能单独集成、与以上未描述的其他功能联合或组合的其他实施例。 
尽管已经关于现有插座是简单的仅无源布线设备以及添加的功能全部存在于模块中的结构描述了本发明,但是将会理解本发明同样应用于该添加的功能完全嵌入到插座中的其他实施例。 
尽管已经关于具有添加功能所需的所有组件的附加模块描述了本发明,但是将会理解本发明同样应用于在插座和适配器之间对所述功能进行划分的情况,其中的每一个包括所需组件的一部分。而且,在某些结构中 可能需要多于一个模块。在这种情况下,在各种结构中能够堆叠或组织这些模块,其中每个模块可以机械和电气连接到插座或其他模块或二者。插座和附加模块的任何组合可以认为是新的插座,根据本发明的任何实施例可以将新的模块添加到插座中。 
尽管已经关于现有插座描述了本发明,但是将会理解本发明同样应用于也升级插座的情况,诸如利用具有部分或全部改进特征的新插座以替换现有的插座。 
本领域的普通技术人员将会明白结合这里所公开实施例描述的各种示例性逻辑方块、模块和电路可以以任何数量的方式实现,包括电子硬件、计算机软件、或二者的组合。各种示例性的组件、方块、模块和电路通常以其功能进行描述。功能是否以硬件还是软件实现这取决于特定应用和施加于整个系统上的设计限制。普通技术人员意识到在这些情况下硬件和软件的可互换性,以及如何最佳实现用于每种特定应用的上述功能。 
尽管已经描述了本发明的示意性实施例,但是这不应该解释为局限于附属权利要求书的范围。本领域的普通技术人员将会明白对上述实施例可以作出各种修改。而且,对于各个领域的普通技术人员,本发明本身在这里将建议用于其他应用的其他任务和自适应的解决方案。所以期望认为本实施例在所有方面作为示例性而不是限制性的,并且参照附属权利要求书而不是以上描述来表示本发明的范围。 

Claims (37)

1.用于将数据单元耦合至现有的AC电源布线的设备,所述现有AC电源布线至少部分地位于建筑物墙壁内,并在AC电源插座处终止,所述设备包括:
AC电源插头,其经由AC电源插座连接至AC电源布线;
数据端口,其用以将数字数据信号耦合至数据单元;
收发信机,其耦合在所述AC电源插头与所述数据端口之间,用以与数据单元进行双向数字数据通信;以及
单一壳体,其容纳所述AC电源插头、所述数据端口和所述收发信机,其中所述单一壳体可利用除所述AC电源插头以外的构件机械连接到AC电源插座。
2.根据权利要求1所述的设备,其特征在于所述设备永久地或可拆卸地机械连接到AC电源插座的前表面。
3.根据权利要求2所述的设备,其特征在于所述设备利用以下一种部件机械连接到前表面:吸力、不干胶、胶水、磁力和“挂钩和环”紧固件。
4.根据权利要求1所述的设备,其特征在于所述设备永久地或可拆卸地机械连接到AC电源插座的一个或多个侧面。
5.根据权利要求4所述的设备,其特征在于所述设备利用以下一种部件机械连接到AC电源插座的至少一个侧面:可移动的杆、突出的脊、弹簧夹和偏心杠杆。
6.根据权利要求1所述的设备,其特征在于所述设备通过弹簧锁或利用插座与一面墙壁之间插入的凸起部永久地或可拆卸地机械连接到AC电源插座。
7.根据权利要求1所述的设备,其特征在于所述设备通过定位带永久地或可拆卸地机械连接到AC电源插座。
8.根据权利要求1所述的设备,其特征在于所述设备通过捆带永久地或可拆卸地机械连接到AC电源插座。
9.根据权利要求1所述的设备,其特征在于所述设备通过紧固螺丝机械连接到AC电源插座。
10.根据权利要求1所述的设备,其特征在于,其还可操作用于将AC电源信号耦合至由AC供电的装置,所述设备还包括:
AC电源插孔,其耦合至所述AC电源插头,用以连接至由AC供电的装置以将AC电源信号耦合至由AC供电的装置。
11.根据权利要求10所述的设备,其特征在于,连接AC电源布线,用以在AC电源频率承载AC电源信号,所述设备还包括连接在所述AC电源插头和所述AC电源插孔之间的低通滤波器,用于在AC电源布线和由AC供电的装置之间仅通过AC电源频率的信号。
12.根据权利要求10所述的设备,其特征在于,还包括耦接在所述AC电源插头和所述AC电源插孔之间的开关,用于开关提供到AC供电的装置的AC电源信号。
13.根据权利要求1所述的设备,其特征在于,连接AC电源布线,用以在数字数据频带上承载数字数据信号,所述数字数据频带与AC电源频率不同且高于AC电源频率,所述设备还包括:
电源线PLC调制解调器,其耦合在所述AC电源插头和所述收发信机之间,用于传送数字数据信号至AC电源布线或从AC电源布线接收数字数据信号。
14.根据权利要求13所述的设备,其特征在于,还包括耦接在所述电源线PLC调制解调器和所述AC电源插头之间的高通滤波器,用于仅通过在数字数据频带中的信号。
15.根据权利要求13所述的设备,其特征在于,AC电源布线上的通信基于HomePlug。
16.根据权利要求1所述的设备,其特征在于,还包括:
AC/DC转换器,其耦合在所述AC电源插头和所述收发信机之间,用以由AC电源布线承载的AC电源为所述收发信机DC供电。
17.根据权利要求16所述的设备,其特征在于还包括耦合至所述AC电源插头的变压器,用以将AC电源信号的电压变换成另一电压。
18.根据权利要求16所述的设备,其特征在于所述AC/DC转换器将所述DC供电电源耦合至所述数据端口,用于为数据单元DC供电。
19.根据权利要求16所述的设备,其特征在于还包括可视指示器,其耦合至所述AC/DC转换器,用以指示所述设备的状态。
20.根据权利要求19所述的设备,其特征在于所述可视指示器可操作用于对所述设备指示电源可用性。
21.根据权利要求1所述的设备,其特征在于还支持安全和保护功能,其中所述设备还包括耦合到所述AC电源插头以保护所述设备的雷电保护或熔丝。
22.根据权利要求1所述的设备,其特征在于还包括耦合至所述收发信机的传感器。
23.根据权利要求1所述的设备,其特征在于通过采用无线电信号的非有线媒质与数据单元通信,所述数据端口是天线,所述收发信机是射频收发信机。
24.根据权利要求1所述的设备,其特征在于通过采用可见光或红外线的非有线媒质与数据单元通信,所述数据端口是光发射器和光接收器。
25.根据权利要求1所述的设备,其特征在于该设备与数据单元的通信是通过有线介质的,所述数据端口是数据连接器。
26.根据权利要求25所述的设备,其特征在于该设备与数据单元的通信是基于串行的通信。
27.根据权利要求26所述的设备,其特征在于该设备与数据单元、所述数据连接器和所述收发信机的通信分别是以下之一:以太网10BaseT、100BaseT、1000BaseT、USB、EIA/TIA-232和IEEE1394。
28.根据权利要求1所述的设备,其特征在于进一步包括多端口单元,其耦合至所述收发信机,所述多端口单元包括下述部件之一:集线器、交换器、路由器、网关。
29.根据权利要求1所述的设备,其特征在于所述设备进一步在局域网中可寻址。
30.根据权利要求29所述的设备,其特征在于所述设备是网络的一部分,所述设备进一步包括处理器,所述设备进一步支持网络管理。
31.根据权利要求30所述的设备,其特征在于所述设备可操作用于支持下述管理中的至少一个:性能管理、配置管理、记账管理、故障管理、安全管理。
32.根据权利要求1所述的设备,其特征在于该设备结合托架,所述托架用于可拆卸地安装具有匹配连接器的手持单元,其中,所述数据端口是连接器,所述连接器是所述托架的一部分,手持单元安装到所述托架中时,所述连接器与手持单元的匹配连接器连接。
33.根据权利要求32所述的设备,其特征在于所述手持单元是个人数字助理PDA或蜂窝电话。
34.根据权利要求32所述的设备,其特征在于所述托架耦合到供电电源,其中所述手持单元适合于在安装到所述托架中时充电。
35.根据权利要求32所述的设备,其特征在于所述托架耦合到所述收发信机以使得所述设备在安装到所述托架中时与手持单元通信。
36.根据权利要求1所述的设备,其特征在于所述设备适合于对接手持单元、为手持单元供电和与手持单元通信。
37.成套工具,包括:
根据权利要求1的所述设备;以及
机械接头;
其中所述壳体可通过所述接头的中间物机械连接到AC电源插座,所述接头可机械连接到AC电源插座和所述壳体。
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