CN102278293A - Micropump based on capillarity action and using method thereof - Google Patents
Micropump based on capillarity action and using method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102278293A CN102278293A CN2011100955625A CN201110095562A CN102278293A CN 102278293 A CN102278293 A CN 102278293A CN 2011100955625 A CN2011100955625 A CN 2011100955625A CN 201110095562 A CN201110095562 A CN 201110095562A CN 102278293 A CN102278293 A CN 102278293A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a micropump based a capillarity action and a using method thereof. The micropump is characterized by comprising a capillarity pump cavity, a separating valve, a sample injection micro-pipeline and a liquid storage microcavity, wherein the capillarity pump cavity is a micro-pipeline network; the separating valve is a section of micro-pipeline or microcavity connected with the capillarity pump cavity and an sample injection micro-pipeline; and the sample injection micro-pipeline is a micro-pipeline positioned between a sample injection port and the liquid storage microcavity, and the liquid storage microcavity is a culturing cavity or reacting cavity and positioned at the terminal of the sample injection microcavity. The using method of the micropump comprises the following steps of: (1) adding a sample or reagent to the sample injection port so that the sample or reagent is filled in the sample injection micro-pipeline under the driving of the capillarity action and stops at the inlet of the liquid storage microcavity under the action of a capillarity micro-valve; (2) adding driving liquid to the inlet of the capillarity pump cavity, wherein the driving liquid is filled in the capillarity pump cavity under the capillarity action and compresses air in the capillarity pump cavity to generate driving pressure, so as to separate and drive the sample or reagent of the sample injection micro-pipeline to enter the liquid storage microcavity. The micropump provided by the invention can also be used for realizing quantitative micro mixing, reaction or cell culture by twin combination.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind ofly, can be applicable to little biochemical reactor and chip lab based on capillary Micropump and using method thereof.
Background technique
In recent years, microfluidic system is as a kind of new technology platform, be subjected to extensive concern in the biological and chemical field, this type systematic is commonly referred to micro-full analytical system (Micro Total Analysis Systems) or chip lab (Labs-on-a-Chip), often need to carry out processes such as sample introduction, mixing, separation, detection, these processes be unable to do without the control of microfluid mostly, and the control of microfluid is mainly realized by elementary cells such as Micropump and little valves in microfluidic system.Micropump is as the core component of microfluidic control system, is to realize that Micro-volume liquid is supplied with and the accurate dynamical element of control, and the kind of Micropump is a lot, is broadly divided into mechanical type Micropump and the on-mechanical pump that declines.The mechanical type Micropump often relies on moving element to transmit, control fluid, but not the mechanical type Micropump then is to rely on various physical actions or effect certain on-mechanical can be changed into the driving of the kinetic energy realization microfluid of microfluid.By driving principle, the mechanical type Micropump mainly contains piezoelectricity type, hot gas dynamic formula, electrostatic, electromagnetic type, marmem formula etc., and the common manufacturing process of this class Micropump is complicated, cost is high, consumed power is big, the reliability of long-term work is relatively poor, and is difficult to integrated.The on-mechanical pump that declines mainly contains electric osmose formula, electric infiltration type, sound wave type, magnetic fluid formula, evaporative type etc., this class Micropump has certain advantage aspect reliability, problems such as film deformation fatigue under the mechanical type Micropump long-term work situation can not appear, but this class Micropump needs complicated drive circuit or equipment, this class external parts has often increased the complexity of system, reduce the transportability of system, thereby limited the application area of microfluid system.In recent years, fast, high-throughout biochemical screening and detect microminiaturization to system, integrated and cost is had higher requirement, therefore, press for development a kind of simple in structure, be easy to the development situation that little valve integrated, low-cost, low energy consumption adapts to miniature biochemical analysis system.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind ofly based on capillary Micropump and using method thereof, that described Micropump has is simple in structure, low-cost, do not have energy consumption, be easy to integrated advantage, can be applicable to the easy control of microfluid in the microfluidic system.
Provided by the invention a kind of based on capillary Micropump, it is characterized in that: described Micropump is a kind of unidirectional and disposable air pressure driven pump, this Micropump is made up of capillary pump chamber, separator valve, sample introduction microchannel and liquid storage microcavity, wherein the capillary pump chamber is a microchannel network, this network is made up of one group of microchannel parallel or that be interweaved, and its minimum feature size is less than separator valve and sample introduction microchannel; Described minimum feature size refers to the size of both that less relatively one dimensions of height and width in circular microchannel diameter or the rectangle microchannel; Separator valve is one section microchannel or microcavity of connecting capillary pump chamber and sample introduction microchannel, its section cross section is expanded at least in one direction with respect to both sides connecting pipe cross section, and water/aerosphere curvature of face of utilizing the cross section sudden change to cause changes the little valve current-limiting function of performance capillary; The sample introduction microchannel is one section microchannel that is between injection port and the liquid storage microcavity, and sample liquids to be driven or reagent liquid facial canal wall at least one with it wrapping angle are less than 90 °, and a certain position links to each other with separator valve by the side direction connecting tube in the middle of the sample channel; Wherein, the sample introduction microchannel flow resistance between separator valve and the injection port is greater than the sample introduction microchannel flow resistance between separator valve and the liquid storage microcavity.Simultaneously, described liquid storage microcavity is a culture chamber or reaction chamber, be positioned at sample introduction microchannel terminal, its section cross section is expanded at least in one direction with respect to sample introduction microchannel connection mouth cross section, and water/aerosphere curvature of face of utilizing the cross section sudden change to cause changes the little valve current-limiting function of performance capillary.
The using method of the Micropump that provides is provided in the present invention, comprise: 1) in the injection port place, add sample liquids or reagent liquid, sample liquids or reagent liquid are full of the sample introduction microchannel under the driving of capillary force, and because of the little valve metering function of capillary, sample liquids or the reagent liquid liquid level that advances stops at the joint of sample introduction microchannel and separator valve and liquid storage microcavity; 2) add at capillary pump chamber inlet and drive liquid, utilize in the capillary force compression pump chamber of liquid in the microchannel network air to produce and drive pressure, cut apart and promote sample introduction microchannel sample liquids or reagent liquid and overcome the capillary valves resistance and enter the liquid storage microcavity.The wrapping angle that wherein drives the microchannel network tube wall of liquid and formation capillary pump chamber is less than or equal to the wrapping angle of sample liquids or reagent liquid and sample introduction microchannel tube wall.
Particularly, at first with injection port that the sample introduction micro passage links to each other in splash into sample liquids or reagent liquid, utilize capillary force effect sample liquids or reagent liquid to fill the sample introduction microchannel automatically, when sample liquids or reagent liquid advance to sample introduction microchannel and separator valve or liquid storage microcavity joint, because capillary effect, the front interface of sample liquids or reagent liquid will be to gas phase direction projection, and its curvature will increase, thereby cause the suffered reverse capillary pressure increase of fluid in the sample introduction microchannel, when this reverse capillary pressure and injection port drive pressure and equate, fluid will be in the balance halted state in the sample introduction microchannel, realize that promptly little valve cuts out current-limiting function; Then, ingress at microchannel network in the capillary pump chamber splashes into driving liquid, equally under the capillary force effect, drive liquid and fill the microchannel network automatically, the compression capillary pump chamber air to separator valve and sample introduction microchannel joint microchannel and cavity that enters the mouth, along with dwindling of volume of air, its pressure increases gradually, when the powerful maximum capillary pressure that in the sample introduction microchannel, produces in sample liquids or reagent liquid of capillary pump chamber hollow air pressure, air will promote sample liquids or the reversing motion of reagent liquid by separator valve and sample introduction microchannel connection mouth, under the promotion of air, heterodromous sample liquids or reagent liquid will be cut apart in " T shape " joint of connecting tube and sample introduction microchannel, promptly realize the rationed of sample liquids or reagent liquid, the sample introduction microchannel geometric size between connecting tube and the liquid storage microcavity limits the volume of sample liquids to be allocated or reagent liquid.Further increase along with gas pressure intensity in the pump chamber, driving liquid pressure will be above the resistance of sample introduction microchannel and the little valve of liquid storage microcavity joint capillary, sample liquids or the reagent liquid quantitatively cut apart are all pushed in the liquid storage microcavity, cultivate to realize follow-up mixing, reaction or cell.
The present invention compares with the Micropump in the existing microfluidic system, has broken away from the dependence of Micropump to mechanical part or external energy supply parts, has simplified the complexity of microfluidic system, has reduced the fabricating cost of microfluidic system.And micro-pump structure provided by the present invention is simple, processes easyly, is convenient to operation, is easy to realize integrated, is applicable to disposable micro-fluidic chip system.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is provided by the present invention a kind of based on capillary micro-pump structure schematic representation.
Fig. 2 is for adding the schematic representation behind the cell culture fluid (contain and treat cultured cell) in the embodiment of the invention 1 capillary Micropump sample introduction microchannel.
Fig. 3 is that Micropump shown in Figure 2 adds and drives liquid, utilizes capillary force compression pump chamber hollow gas to cut apart and drives the schematic representation that cell culture fluid enters (contain and treat cultured cell) the liquid storage microcavity.
Fig. 4 is for adding the schematic representation behind protein liquid and the crystallization reagent in 2 two coupling capillarys of embodiment of the invention Micropump sample introduction microchannel respectively.
Fig. 5 is that Micropump shown in Figure 4 adds and drives liquid, utilizes capillary force compression pump chamber hollow gas to cut apart and kinesin liquid and crystallization reagent enter the schematic representation of liquid storage microcavity.
Among the figure: 1. capillary pump chamber; 2. separator valve; 3. sample introduction microchannel; 4. liquid storage microcavity; 5. injection port; 6. celliferous nutrient solution in the sample introduction microchannel; 7. ventilating hole; 8. the capillary pump chamber enters the mouth; 9. the driving liquid in the capillary pump chamber; 10. the air in the capillary pump chamber; 11. the protein liquid in the sample introduction microchannel; 12. the crystallization reagent in the sample introduction microchannel; 13. the mixed solution of protein liquid and crystallization reagent in the liquid storage cylinder.
Embodiment
Further specify substantive distinguishing features of the present invention and obvious improvement below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
Embodiment 1
What as shown in Figure 1, the present invention proposed a kind ofly comprises a microchannel network 1 as pump chamber, separator valve 2, a sample introduction microchannel 3 and a liquid storage microcavity 4 based on capillary Micropump main body.This Micropump can be applicable to the cultivation observation of minute quantity cell or bacterium, and concrete working procedure is as described below:
At first, in injection port 5, splash into and contain the nutrient solution 6 for the treatment of cultured cell or bacterium, utilize capillary force effect nutrient solution to fill sample introduction microchannel 3 automatically, in the nutrient solution filling process, sample channel Central Plains has air then to discharge by the ventilating hole 7 that communicates with sample introduction microchannel and liquid storage microcavity, when nutrient solution advanced to sample introduction microchannel 3 with separator valve 2 or liquid storage microcavity body 4 joints, because the effect of capillary valves, the liquid front interface stopped at joint (as shown in Figure 2); Then, drip driving liquid 9 at capillary pump chamber (being the microchannel network) inlet 8, equally under the capillary force effect, drive liquid and fill the microchannel network automatically, and the air 10 in compression microchannel network and the separator valve cavity, along with dwindling of volume of air, its pressure increases gradually, when the powerful maximum capillary pressure that in the sample introduction microchannel, produces in sample liquids or reagent liquid of air pressure in the pump chamber, this section air will promote the nutrient solution reversing motion by separator valve and sample channel connection mouth, and nutrient solution is cut apart in " T shape " joint of connecting tube and sample introduction microchannel, promptly realize rationed (the sample introduction microchannel geometric size between connecting tube and the liquid storage microcavity limits the volume of nutrient solution to be allocated) of nutrient solution.Further increase along with gas pressure intensity in the pump chamber, drive pressure good general surpasses the resistance of sample introduction microchannel and the little valve of liquid storage microcavity joint capillary, connecting tube to the quantitative culture liquid between the liquid storage microcavity is all pushed in the liquid storage microcavity, realize follow-up cultivation observation (as shown in Figure 3).
The present invention proposes the capillary Micropump also can realize quantitative little mixing or little reaction by the binary coupling.Be applied to crystallization of protein below in conjunction with binary coupling capillary Micropump its characteristics and using method are described, idiographic flow is as follows:
At first, in two injection ports of conjuncted capillary Micropump, splash into protein liquid 11 and crystallization reagent 12 respectively, sample introduction and control mode are similar to Example 1, utilize the effect of capillary force effect and capillary valves equally, realize the automatic filling of two kinds of liquid and stop (as shown in Figure 4); Then, two inlets at binary coupling capillary pump chamber (being the microchannel network) drip driving liquid 9 simultaneously, driving mode is similar to Example 1, utilize capillarity to compress two air in the pump chamber respectively and produce driving pressure, cut apart respectively and promote protein liquid and crystallization reagent enters in the liquid storage microcavity, promptly realize the rationed of protein liquid and crystallization reagent and mixing, form and mix drop 13 (as shown in Figure 5), in ventilating hole 7, drip oil droplet at last and finish shutoff, prevent to mix that moisture volatilizees fast in the drop, make that mixing drop can slowly reach the over-saturation state, forms the high-quality monocrystalline.
Claims (10)
1. one kind based on capillary Micropump, it is characterized in that described Micropump is a kind of unidirectional air pressure driven pump, and it is to be made of capillary pump chamber, separator valve, sample introduction microchannel and liquid storage microcavity, wherein:
1. the capillary pump chamber microchannel network; Described microchannel network is made of one group of microchannel parallel or that be interweaved;
2. separator valve is one section microchannel or microcavity that connects capillary pump chamber and sample introduction microchannel;
3. the sample introduction microchannel is one section microchannel that is between injection port and the liquid storage microcavity, and a certain position is connected with separator valve by the side direction connecting tube in the sample introduction microchannel, and the liquid storage microcavity is positioned at sample introduction microchannel terminal.
2. by the described Micropump of claim 1, the microchannel that it is characterized in that forming the capillary pump chamber is circle or rectangle.
3. by the described Micropump of claim 2, it is characterized in that, form one dimension size less in the microchannel round diameter of capillary pump chamber or rectangle high or wide less than separator valve or sample introduction microchannel.
4. Micropump according to claim 1 is characterized in that the section cross section of described separator valve is expanded at least in one direction with respect to both sides connecting pipe cross section.
5. Micropump according to claim 1 is characterized in that the sample introduction microchannel flow resistance between separator valve and the injection port must be greater than the sample introduction microchannel flow resistance between separator valve and the liquid storage microcavity.
6. microcavity according to claim 4, it is characterized in that described liquid storage microcavity is a culture chamber or reaction chamber, its section cross section is expanded at least in one direction with respect to sample introduction microchannel connection mouth cross section, and water/aerosphere curvature of face of utilizing the cross section sudden change to cause changes the little valve current-limiting function of performance capillary.
7. by the using method of each described Micropump among the claim 1-6, it is characterized in that comprising following two steps:
1) in the injection port place, adds sample liquids or reagent liquid, sample liquids or reagent liquid are full of the sample introduction microchannel under the driving of capillary force, because of the little valve metering function of capillary, sample liquids or the reagent liquid liquid level that advances stops at the joint of sample introduction microchannel and separator valve and liquid storage microcavity;
2) add at capillary pump chamber inlet and drive liquid, utilize in the capillary force compression pump chamber of liquid in the microchannel network air to produce and drive pressure, cut apart and promote sample introduction microchannel sample liquids or reagent liquid and overcome the capillary valves resistance and enter the liquid storage microcavity.
8. by the described using method of claim 7, it is characterized in that following each step that specifically comprises:
1. at first with injection port that the sample introduction microchannel links to each other in splash into sample liquids or reagent liquid, utilize capillarity to make sample liquids or reagent liquid fill the sample introduction microchannel automatically; 2. when sample liquids or reagent liquid advance to sample introduction microchannel and separator valve or liquid storage microcavity joint, the front interface of sample liquids or reagent liquid is to gas phase direction projection, and its curvature will increase, thereby cause the suffered reverse capillary pressure increase of fluid in the sample introduction microchannel, when this reverse capillary pressure and injection port drive pressure and equate, fluid in the sample introduction microchannel will be in the balance halted state, realize that promptly little valve cuts out current-limiting function; 3. then, splash into driving liquid at the microchannel Web portal place in the capillary pump chamber, under capillarity, drive liquid and fill the microchannel network automatically, the compression capillary pump chamber air to separator valve and sample introduction microchannel joint microchannel and cavity that enters the mouth, along with dwindling of volume of air, its pressure increases gradually, when the powerful maximum capillary pressure that in the sample introduction microchannel, produces in sample liquids or reagent liquid of capillary pump chamber hollow air pressure, air will promote sample liquids or the reversing motion of reagent liquid by separator valve and sample introduction microchannel connection mouth, under the promotion of air, heterodromous sample liquids or reagent liquid will be cut apart in " T shape " joint of connecting tube and sample introduction microchannel, promptly realize the rationed of sample liquids or reagent liquid, the sample introduction microchannel geometric size between connecting tube and the liquid storage microcavity limits the volume of sample liquids to be allocated or reagent liquid; 4. along with gas pressure intensity in the pump chamber further increases, driving liquid pressure will be above the resistance of sample introduction microchannel and the little valve of liquid storage microcavity joint capillary, rationed sample liquids or reagent liquid are all pushed in the liquid storage microcavity, cultivate to realize follow-up mixing, reaction or cell.
9. by the described using method of claim 8, the driving liquid that it is characterized in that 1. being added and the wrapping angle of the microchannel tube wall of the microchannel network that constitutes the capillary pump chamber are less than or equal to the wrapping angle of sample liquids or reagent liquid and sample introduction microchannel tube wall; 2. at least one facial canal wall wrapping angle of sample liquids or reagent liquid and sample introduction microchannel is less than 90 °
10. by the described using method of claim 8, it is characterized in that realizing quantitative little mixing, reaction or cell cultivation by the binary coupling.
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| CN102644049A (en) * | 2012-04-26 | 2012-08-22 | 北京工业大学 | Micro-flow driving method based on TiO2 nano-film wettability |
| CN104497099A (en) * | 2014-12-02 | 2015-04-08 | 中国科学院上海微系统与信息技术研究所 | Gas phase diffusion type crystallization chip and using method thereof |
| CN106591105A (en) * | 2016-12-09 | 2017-04-26 | 东北大学 | Microorganism automatic sample introduction system based on microfluidic chip and preparation method thereof |
| WO2018006286A1 (en) * | 2016-07-06 | 2018-01-11 | 广州好芝生物科技有限公司 | Flow control mechanism and system comprising the mechanism |
| CN108519373A (en) * | 2018-04-27 | 2018-09-11 | 广州万孚生物技术股份有限公司 | A kind of chemiluminescence micro-fluidic chip and the analytical instrument containing it |
| WO2019025630A1 (en) * | 2017-08-04 | 2019-02-07 | Katholieke Universiteit Leuven | Microfluidic systems with capillary pumps |
| CN111030418A (en) * | 2019-12-03 | 2020-04-17 | 广州大学 | Double-cavity micropump based on electrowetting phenomenon |
| CN111378556A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2020-07-07 | 青岛华大智造普惠科技有限公司 | Micro-fluidic chip and preparation method thereof, and preparation method of single-cell micro-droplets |
| US10807093B2 (en) | 2016-02-05 | 2020-10-20 | Katholieke Universiteit Leuven | Microfluidic systems |
| CN117229918A (en) * | 2023-11-16 | 2023-12-15 | 四川迪亚生物科技集团有限公司 | Pump-free driving liquid pouring device and method |
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Cited By (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102644049A (en) * | 2012-04-26 | 2012-08-22 | 北京工业大学 | Micro-flow driving method based on TiO2 nano-film wettability |
| CN104497099A (en) * | 2014-12-02 | 2015-04-08 | 中国科学院上海微系统与信息技术研究所 | Gas phase diffusion type crystallization chip and using method thereof |
| US10807093B2 (en) | 2016-02-05 | 2020-10-20 | Katholieke Universiteit Leuven | Microfluidic systems |
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| CN111378556A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2020-07-07 | 青岛华大智造普惠科技有限公司 | Micro-fluidic chip and preparation method thereof, and preparation method of single-cell micro-droplets |
| CN111030418A (en) * | 2019-12-03 | 2020-04-17 | 广州大学 | Double-cavity micropump based on electrowetting phenomenon |
| CN117229918A (en) * | 2023-11-16 | 2023-12-15 | 四川迪亚生物科技集团有限公司 | Pump-free driving liquid pouring device and method |
| CN117229918B (en) * | 2023-11-16 | 2024-01-30 | 四川迪亚生物科技集团有限公司 | Pump-free driving liquid pouring device and method |
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