CN102373340A - Method for reclaiming aluminum powder from composite propellant - Google Patents
Method for reclaiming aluminum powder from composite propellant Download PDFInfo
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- CN102373340A CN102373340A CN2010102588594A CN201010258859A CN102373340A CN 102373340 A CN102373340 A CN 102373340A CN 2010102588594 A CN2010102588594 A CN 2010102588594A CN 201010258859 A CN201010258859 A CN 201010258859A CN 102373340 A CN102373340 A CN 102373340A
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- aluminium powder
- compositepropellent
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- powder method
- reclaims
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for reclaiming aluminum powder from a composite propellant, and belongs to the field of manufacturing of composite solid propellants. The reclaiming method comprises the following steps of: removing water in an organic solvent soaking or heating mode, removing organic substances on the surface of the aluminum powder by using a nitric acid solution, and separating the matrix from the aluminum powder by using a sodium alcoholate solution. According to the step-by-step solvent method, the adhesive matrix-polyurethane of a composite solid propellant in which the ammonium perchlorate is reclaimed is degraded, and the matrix and the aluminum powder are separated, so that the aluminum powder is successfully separated and reclaimed and the recovery rate is high and can reach over 99.5 percent; and the method is easy to implement, high in recovery rate and easy in flow process, and has good industrialized prospect.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to composite solidpropellant and make the field, be specifically related to a kind of method that from composite solidpropellant, reclaims aluminium powder.
Background technology
Composite solidpropellant is the polyurethane material that contains components such as aluminium powder, ammoniumper chlorate and ferrocene deriv in a kind of prescription; Can produce waste product and waste material in process of production; After exceeding the usage period, scraps automatically qualified composite solidpropellant; Therefore, exist a large amount of composite solidpropellants of scrapping both at home and abroad.It is reported, dispose in research and scrap aspect the composite solidpropellant method have 3 kinds at present: like burning, explosion, recovery heat energy etc.; With components such as ammoniumper chlorate, aluminium is the recovery at center; And design the novel recyclable materials with function that has.
Methods such as burning, explosion, recovery heat energy produce a large amount of three wastes, are unfavorable for environment protection; Design and novelly have recyclable materials with function and can't solve the existing composite solidpropellant of scrapping; With components such as ammoniumper chlorate, aluminium powders is that the recovery at center is reality, the most significant method at present.Find that in recovery method research there is the problem that complex process, aluminium powder are oxidized easily and the recovery is lower in the recovery method of existing aluminium powder.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of technology simple, the aluminium powder method that from compositepropellent, reclaims that the recovery is high.
The objective of the invention is to realize like this: a kind of aluminium powder method that from compositepropellent, reclaims,
Step dewaters: soak or add heat extraction with organic solvent and do not contain the moisture content that contains in the composite solidpropellant of ammoniumper chlorate;
Acid treatment step: will place acid solution to handle through the composite solidpropellant after the step that dewaters, and remove the organism on aluminium powder surface;
Separating step: will place parting liquid through the composite solidpropellant after the acid treatment step, separating of matrix and aluminium powder accomplished in the processing of heating, and obtains aluminium powder.
The organic solvent that adopts in the said step that dewaters is a methylene dichloride, 1,2-ethylene dichloride or N, N-two yl acetamides.
Soak time is each 2h～5h, and soaking temperature is 10 ℃～80 ℃, and soaking number of times is 2 times～3 times; Said Heating temperature scope is 50 ℃～80 ℃, and be 48h～72h heat-up time.
S.t. in the said acid treatment step is in air-tight state, avoids acid solution to contact with airborne moisture content, causes the concentration of acid solution to reduce, and said acid solution is a salpeter solution, and said temperature ranges is 20 ℃～30 ℃, treatment time 1h～12h.
Parting liquid in the said separating step is pure sodium solution, and the TR of heating of solution is 50 ℃～80 ℃, heat-up time 0.5h～5h.
Said salpeter solution concentration is >=25%.
Said pure sodium solution is made by highly basic or its mixture and alcohol reagent reaction.
Said highly basic is sodium hydroxide, Pottasium Hydroxide or Lithium Hydroxide MonoHydrate.
Said alcohol reagent is terepthaloyl moietie or butyleneglycol.
Said sodium alkoxide strength of solution is 0.05M～0.5M.
The aluminium powder method that from compositepropellent, reclaims provided by the invention; Adopt the substep solvent method, with the composite solidpropellant that reclaims ammoniumper chlorate, earlier with its adhesive substrate-degradation of polyurethane; Accomplish separating of matrix and aluminium powder again; Thereby to aluminium powder success Separation and Recovery in the composite solidpropellant of scrapping, and the recovery is high, can reach more than 99.5%; The price of employed pharmaceutical chemicals is relatively inexpensive among the present invention, and consumption is few, can not pollute environment, and all exhausted medicines can be recycled; The process that the present invention implements is simple, the recovery is high, be easy to procedure, and industrial prospect is good.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
Step dewaters: do not contain the moisture content that contains in the composite solidpropellant of ammoniumper chlorate with the methylene dichloride immersion, soak time is each 2h, and soaking temperature is 80 ℃, and soaking number of times is 3 times;
Acid treatment step: will place 25% salpeter solution to handle through the composite solidpropellant after the step that dewaters, treatment temp is 20 ℃, and the treatment time is 12h, removes the organism on aluminium powder surface;
Separating step: will place parting liquid through the composite solidpropellant after the acid treatment step, parting liquid is made by sodium hydroxide and glycol reaction, and concentration is 0.05M, the processing of heating; The temperature of heating is 50 ℃, and warm-up time is 5h, the polymeric matrix hardening, becomes fragile; Very easily pulverize, and float on the parting liquid top layer, simultaneously; Aluminium powder separates with polymeric matrix, and falls to the parting liquid bottom, and the recovery of aluminium powder is 99.6%.
Embodiment 2
Step dewaters: use N, N-two yl acetamides soak and do not contain the moisture content that contains in the composite solidpropellant of ammoniumper chlorate, and soak time is each 3h, and soaking temperature is 60 ℃, and soaking number of times is 3 times;
Acid treatment step: will place 65% salpeter solution to handle through the composite solidpropellant after the step that dewaters, treatment temp is 30 ℃, and treatment time 1h removes the organism on aluminium powder surface;
Separating step: will place parting liquid through the composite solidpropellant after the acid treatment step, parting liquid is made by sodium hydroxide and glycol reaction, and concentration is 0.5M; The processing of heating, the temperature of heating is 80 ℃, warm-up time is 0.5h; Aluminium powder is sunken to container bottom, and polymer-based carbon is known from experience hardening and become fragile, and is prone to broken; Float on the parting liquid upper strata, the aluminium powder recovery is 99.8%.
Embodiment 3
Step dewaters: with 1, the 2-ethylene dichloride soaks and does not contain the moisture content that contains in the composite solidpropellant of ammoniumper chlorate, and soak time is each 5h, and soaking temperature is 10 ℃, and soaking number of times is 2 times;
Acid treatment step: will place 35% salpeter solution to handle through the composite solidpropellant after the step that dewaters, treatment temp is 25 ℃, and treatment time 6h removes the organism on aluminium powder surface;
Separating step: will place parting liquid through the composite solidpropellant after the acid treatment step, parting liquid is made by sodium hydroxide and glycol reaction, and concentration is 0.3M; The processing of heating, the temperature of heating is 80 ℃, warm-up time is 0.5h; Aluminium powder is sunken to container bottom, and polymer-based carbon is known from experience hardening and become fragile, and is prone to broken; Float on the parting liquid upper strata, the aluminium powder recovery is 99.8%.
Embodiment 4
Step dewaters: do not contain ammoniumper chlorate or contain the moisture content that contains in the composite solidpropellant of very small amount ammoniumper chlorate with adding heat extraction, Heating temperature is 50 ℃, and be 72h heat-up time;
Acid treatment step: will place 65% salpeter solution to handle through the composite solidpropellant after the step that dewaters, treatment temp is 25 ℃, and treatment time 6h removes the organism on aluminium powder surface;
Separating step: will place parting liquid through the composite solidpropellant after the acid treatment step, parting liquid is made by sodium hydroxide and glycol reaction, and concentration is 0.5M; The processing of heating, the temperature of heating is 60 ℃, warm-up time is 2 h; The polymeric matrix hardening, become fragile, very easily pulverize, and float on the parting liquid top layer; Simultaneously, aluminium powder separates with polymeric matrix, and falls to the parting liquid bottom; The recovery is 99.8%.
Embodiment 5
Step dewaters: do not contain ammoniumper chlorate or contain the moisture content that contains in the composite solidpropellant of very small amount ammoniumper chlorate with adding heat extraction, Heating temperature is 80 ℃, and be 48h heat-up time;
Acid treatment step: will place 65% salpeter solution to handle through the composite solidpropellant after the step that dewaters, treatment temp is 25 ℃, and treatment time 6h removes the organism on aluminium powder surface;
Separating step: will place parting liquid through the composite solidpropellant after the acid treatment step, parting liquid is made by sodium hydroxide and butyleneglycol reaction, and concentration is 0.5M; The processing of heating, the temperature of heating is 60 ℃, warm-up time is 2 h; The polymeric matrix hardening, become fragile, very easily pulverize, and float on the parting liquid top layer; Simultaneously, aluminium powder separates with polymeric matrix, and falls to the parting liquid bottom; The recovery is 99.8%.
Embodiment 6
Step dewaters: do not contain ammoniumper chlorate or contain the moisture content that contains in the composite solidpropellant of very small amount ammoniumper chlorate with adding heat extraction, Heating temperature is 60 ℃, and be 60h heat-up time;
Acid treatment step: will place 65% salpeter solution to handle through the composite solidpropellant after the step that dewaters, treatment temp is 25 ℃, and treatment time 6h removes the organism on aluminium powder surface;
Separating step: will place parting liquid through the composite solidpropellant after the acid treatment step, parting liquid is made by sodium hydroxide and butyleneglycol reaction, and concentration is 0.05M; The processing of heating, the temperature of heating is 60 ℃, warm-up time is 2 h; The polymeric matrix hardening, become fragile, very easily pulverize, and float on the parting liquid top layer; Simultaneously, aluminium powder separates with polymeric matrix, and falls to the parting liquid bottom; The recovery is 99.8%.
Claims (10)
1. one kind is reclaimed the aluminium powder method from compositepropellent, it is characterized in that:
Step dewaters: soak or add heat extraction with organic solvent and do not contain the moisture content that contains in the composite solidpropellant of ammoniumper chlorate;
Acid treatment step: will place acid solution to handle through the composite solidpropellant after the step that dewaters, and remove the organism on aluminium powder surface;
Separating step: will place parting liquid through the composite solidpropellant after the acid treatment step, separating of matrix and aluminium powder accomplished in the processing of heating, and obtains aluminium powder.
2. the aluminium powder method that from compositepropellent, reclaims according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the organic solvent that adopts in the said step that dewaters is a methylene dichloride, 1,2-ethylene dichloride or N, N-two yl acetamides.
3. the aluminium powder method that from compositepropellent, reclaims according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: soak time is each 2h～5h, and soaking temperature is 10 ℃～80 ℃, and soaking number of times is 2 times～3 times; Said Heating temperature scope is 50 ℃～80 ℃, and be 48h～72h heat-up time.
4. the aluminium powder method that from compositepropellent, reclaims according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: the s.t. in the said acid treatment step is in air-tight state; Avoid acid solution to contact with airborne moisture content, cause the concentration of acid solution to reduce, said acid solution is a salpeter solution; Said temperature ranges is 20 ℃～30 ℃, treatment time 1h～12h.
5. the aluminium powder method that from compositepropellent, reclaims according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the parting liquid in the said separating step is pure sodium solution, the TR of heating of solution is 50 ℃～80 ℃, heat-up time 0.5h～5h.
6. the aluminium powder method that from compositepropellent, reclaims according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: said salpeter solution concentration is >=25%.
7. the aluminium powder method that from compositepropellent, reclaims according to claim 5 is characterized in that: said pure sodium solution is reacted with alcohol reagent by highly basic or its mixture and makes.
8. the aluminium powder method that from compositepropellent, reclaims according to claim 7, it is characterized in that: said highly basic is sodium hydroxide, Pottasium Hydroxide or Lithium Hydroxide MonoHydrate.
9. the aluminium powder method that from compositepropellent, reclaims according to claim 7, it is characterized in that: said alcohol reagent is terepthaloyl moietie or butyleneglycol.
10. according to the described aluminium powder method that from compositepropellent, reclaims of claim 5, it is characterized in that: said sodium alkoxide strength of solution is 0.05M～0.5M.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010102588594A CN102373340A (en) | 2010-08-23 | 2010-08-23 | Method for reclaiming aluminum powder from composite propellant |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2010102588594A CN102373340A (en) | 2010-08-23 | 2010-08-23 | Method for reclaiming aluminum powder from composite propellant |
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| CN102373340A true CN102373340A (en) | 2012-03-14 |
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| CN2010102588594A Pending CN102373340A (en) | 2010-08-23 | 2010-08-23 | Method for reclaiming aluminum powder from composite propellant |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105317585A (en) * | 2014-07-22 | 2016-02-10 | 湖北航天化学技术研究所 | In-situ AP extracting device for small-sized composite solid rocket motor grain |
| CN106414316A (en) * | 2014-01-21 | 2017-02-15 | 艾路卡技术股份有限公司 | Method for treating spent solid rocket propellants |
| CN110283354A (en) * | 2019-05-29 | 2019-09-27 | 武汉理工大学 | It is a kind of for the degradation solvent for scrapping end hydroxy butadiene composite solidpropellant and application |
| CN112607709A (en) * | 2020-12-09 | 2021-04-06 | 湖北三江航天江河化工科技有限公司 | Method for recovering ammonium perchlorate and aluminum powder from thermoplastic propellant |
| CN115070997A (en) * | 2022-06-13 | 2022-09-20 | 宁波江丰复合材料科技有限公司 | Separation method of BS (base station) base and product for CFRP (carbon fiber reinforced plastics) industry |
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| US4229182A (en) * | 1978-09-29 | 1980-10-21 | Nasa | Recovery of aluminum from composite propellants |
| US4718955A (en) * | 1985-12-04 | 1988-01-12 | Morton Thiokol, Inc. | Method of recovering powered aluminum from aluminum-polymer mixtures |
| US4909868A (en) * | 1989-10-16 | 1990-03-20 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Extraction and recovery of plasticizers from solid propellants and munitions |
| US5211777A (en) * | 1992-04-02 | 1993-05-18 | Aerojet-General Corporation | Desensitization of waste rocket propellants |
| US5314550A (en) * | 1992-03-27 | 1994-05-24 | Aerojet-General Corporation | Recovery of aluminum and hydrocarbon values from composite energetic compositions |
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2010
- 2010-08-23 CN CN2010102588594A patent/CN102373340A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (8)
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| US4229182A (en) * | 1978-09-29 | 1980-10-21 | Nasa | Recovery of aluminum from composite propellants |
| US4718955A (en) * | 1985-12-04 | 1988-01-12 | Morton Thiokol, Inc. | Method of recovering powered aluminum from aluminum-polymer mixtures |
| US4909868A (en) * | 1989-10-16 | 1990-03-20 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Extraction and recovery of plasticizers from solid propellants and munitions |
| US5314550A (en) * | 1992-03-27 | 1994-05-24 | Aerojet-General Corporation | Recovery of aluminum and hydrocarbon values from composite energetic compositions |
| US5211777A (en) * | 1992-04-02 | 1993-05-18 | Aerojet-General Corporation | Desensitization of waste rocket propellants |
| CN1170443A (en) * | 1994-10-21 | 1998-01-14 | 日本油漆株式会社 | Aqueous acid cleaning solution for aluminum metal and method for cleaning the metal |
| CN1185762A (en) * | 1995-05-30 | 1998-06-24 | 亨凯尔公司 | Acidic cleaning composition and process for aluminiferous metals |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106414316A (en) * | 2014-01-21 | 2017-02-15 | 艾路卡技术股份有限公司 | Method for treating spent solid rocket propellants |
| CN105317585A (en) * | 2014-07-22 | 2016-02-10 | 湖北航天化学技术研究所 | In-situ AP extracting device for small-sized composite solid rocket motor grain |
| CN110283354A (en) * | 2019-05-29 | 2019-09-27 | 武汉理工大学 | It is a kind of for the degradation solvent for scrapping end hydroxy butadiene composite solidpropellant and application |
| CN112607709A (en) * | 2020-12-09 | 2021-04-06 | 湖北三江航天江河化工科技有限公司 | Method for recovering ammonium perchlorate and aluminum powder from thermoplastic propellant |
| CN112607709B (en) * | 2020-12-09 | 2022-07-29 | 湖北三江航天江河化工科技有限公司 | Method for recovering ammonium perchlorate and aluminum powder from thermoplastic propellant |
| CN115070997A (en) * | 2022-06-13 | 2022-09-20 | 宁波江丰复合材料科技有限公司 | Separation method of BS (base station) base and product for CFRP (carbon fiber reinforced plastics) industry |
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Application publication date: 20120314 |