CN1023915C - 控制处理器时钟信号的方法及信息处理系统 - Google Patents
控制处理器时钟信号的方法及信息处理系统 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
保证确定一个停止处理器的允许时刻或者延迟该处理器的一个操作的允许时刻来停止向该处理器提供时钟信号。对处理器提供时钟信号是由在多重任务处理操作系统下以最低优先级运行的一个程序的控制的。
Description
本发明涉及降低处理器的功耗及热量的方法,具体地涉及当处理器惯常处于空闲时间时用于停止向处理器提供时钟信号或降低时钟信号的频率的方法。
已知存在着这样的处理器,即使停止向该处理器提供时钟信号,其内部寄存器的内容也不致丢失,并且在重新开始提供时钟信号时,能够从停止状态重新开始操作。这样一种处理器可称为全静态处理器。如果这种全静态处理器使用CMOS(互补金属氧化物半导体)逻辑电路,当该处理器用于空闲时间时,停止向它提供时钟信号可以大量降低其功耗及热量。此外,通过降低时钟信号的频率而不停止处理器的时钟信号供应,也能降低功耗与热量。
日本公布的未审专利申请(PUPA)62-169219(美国专利号4,851,987)公开了一种信息处理系统,其中,根据对程序的执行该系统当前是否正处于等待一台输入/输出设备完成其操作或操作员的键输入的操作的状态中的判定结果而停止对处理器的时钟信号的供应。然而,即使该系统正在等待输入/输出设备完成其操作或者操作员的键输入,处理器也并不总是处于空闲时间中的。尤其是在使用多重任务处理操作系统的信息处理系统中,一台处理器一面等待一台输入/输出设备完成其操作或操作员键输入一面运行一个第二任务的可能性绝非少见。因此,这样一种传统的装置存在着一种危险;即,当处理器在运行任务时可能停止向其提供时钟信号。
本发明的一个目的是提供一种方法与一个信息处理系统,它们保证确定一个停止处理器的允许时刻或延迟该处理器的一个操作的允许时刻来停止向该处理器提供时钟信号或降低该时钟信号的频率。
根据本发明,而处理器提供时钟信号是在一个多重任务处理操作系统中最低优先级上运行的一个程序控制下进行的,以实现所述目的。
一个信息处理系统除了用于生成提供给该处理器的时钟信号的发生器或振荡器以外,通常还设置有一个系统定时器用于同频整个系统。在多重任务处理操作系统下,按照赋予各任务的优先级,要运行的任务是每隔一个该系统定时器所指示的时间间隔互相切换的。现在的情况是,提供了一个控制将时钟信号提供给处理器的程序(时钟控制程序),并且赋予该时钟控制程序最低的优先级,只有当该时钟控制程序运行而没有任何其它任务运行时,该时钟控制程序才运行,即,只有当该处理器允许被停止时。从而,在每一个系统定时器所指示的时间间隔中,对处理器的时钟信号的提供能够被明确地
控制为接通或断开。代替停止向处理器提供时钟信号,可以控制时钟信号的频率使之能够降低。
下面,参照附图对本发明的一个实施例进行描述。
图2示出按照本发明的一个信息处理系统的一个实施例的总体结构。见图,处理器10连接到一条时钟信号线21、一条中断信号线22与一条信号线23。信号线23由除了中断信号以外的控制信号、地址信号与数据信号的多条信号线构成,并连接到存储器30与系统定时器70。信号线23与中断信号线22可称作系统总线20。存储器30存储一个多重任务处理系统MOS,在多重任务处理操作系统下以最低优先级运行的一个时钟控制程序CCP,以及应用程序A与B。
时钟信号线21与中断信号线22连接到时钟信号控制器40。时钟信号控制器40包含一个时钟信号接通一断开转换开关41,一个信号转换检测器42以及一个寄存器43。时钟信号接通-断开转换开关41始终被提供以来自发生器50的处理器时钟信号,响应来自寄存器43的时钟停止信号停止向处理器10提供时钟信号,并且响应来自信号转换检测器42的时钟重新开通信号重新开通向处理器10提供时钟信号。时钟转换检测器42连接到中断信号控制器60。信号转换检测器42在接收到来自中断信号控制器60的一个中断信号时,向处理器10提供该中断信号,并将时钟重新开通信号供给时钟信号接通-断开转换开关41。
除了来自诸如键盘、磁盘存储器、打印机等输入/输出设备的中断信号以外,还将来自系统定时器的一个信号输入该中断信号控制器60。当接收到这些信号时,中断信号控制器60向信号转换检测器42输出该中断信号。从而,除非接收到来自输入/输出设备的中断信号,当系统定时器70指示过去了一个予定的时间时,重新开通向处理器10提供时钟信号。在多重任务处理操作系统MOS的控制下,每隔一个系统定时器70所指示的时间间隔,任务执行被切换。寄存器43是用于接受并保持被赋予最低优先级的时钟控制程序CCP的执行结果的。
现在参照图1与图2描述实施例的操作。通常,多重任务处理操作系统的一个部件程序即任务调度程序将任务切换成接通或断开,或是在时间分片的基础上,其中任务调度程序在下一个运行中的任务完成时根据任务的优先级赋予多个任务中的每一个予定时间间隔执行处理器的权利,或者在一种事件驱动方法的基础上,其中是响应一个事件的发生,例如在本实施例中的一个中断,而对处理器的执行权利进行转移的。时间片的量是由系统定时器70确定的。
图1中示出了,在多重任务处理操作系统OS的控制下,包括被赋予最低优先级的时钟控制程序CCP在内的多个任务被切换的一种状态,以及将提供给处理器10的时钟信号控制成接通或断开的条件。现在,如果在被赋予优先级2的应用程序B正在运行时,系统定时器70在信号线23上发布了一个信号指示一个予定的时间间隔已经流逝,程序执行的目标暂时地从应用程序B转移到操作系统OS。操作系统OS不但确定在下一个时间片中应用程序B是否继续保有处理器10的执行权利,并且还选择在下一个时间片中任何一个要求处理器10的执行权利的程序,并赋予它该执行权利。
图1中示出了一种情况,其中只有时钟控制程序CCP要求处理器10的执行权利。在这一情况中,时钟控制程序CCP运行并且,作为其结果,一个指示时钟信号可以停止的信号通过信号线23被送到时钟控制器40的寄存器43。由于时钟控制程序CCP除了上述简单工作以外不做任何其它工作,所以其执行时间是非常短的。寄存器43不但保持所述信号,并且还向时钟信号接通-断开转换开关41提供一个时钟停止信号,停止向处理器10提供时钟信号。
如果停止向处理器10提供时钟信号后系统定时器70发布一个信号指示一个予定时间的流逝,中断信号控制器60向信号转换检测器42提供一个中断信号,然后信号转换检测器42向时钟信号接通-断开转换开关41提供一个时钟重新开通信号,这不但重新开通对处理器10提供时钟信号,并且还向处理器10提供一个中断信号。处理器10在接收该中断信号时,推动一个定时器中断处理程序与一个调度程序,它们都是操作系统OS的组件程序,去运行并确定一个程序在它们运行后的下一个时间片中去运行。
图1还示出一种情况,其中在下一个时间片中要运行的只有该时钟控制程序CCP。在这一情况
中,还是时钟控制程序CCP运行来停止向处理器10提供时钟信号。如果在停止向处理器10提供时钟信号时,中断信号控制器60发布了一个中断信号,则不仅重新开通向处理器10提供时钟信号,并且操作系统OS执行其功能去确定一个程序在下一个时间片中运行。如果要运行的程序是被赋予优先级1的应用程序A,则应用程序A一直运行到系统定时器70发布下一个信号。当系统定时器70发布该信号时,操作系统执行其功能去确定在下一个时间片中运行的程序,并且如果这样确定的程序是应用程序A,则程序A再度运行直到系统定时器70发布下一个信号。
图3示出在多重任务处理操作系统控制下停止向处理器提供时钟信号的处理步骤。在本图中,中断处理程序与任务调度程序都是操作系统的任务(高层)调度程序的组件程序。中断处理程序是一个程序,它响应一个中断信号而运行,用于执行必要的工作一停止并且在以后重新启动在接收该中断信号前运行的一个应用程序。任务调度程序是一个程序,它根据赋予各任务的优先级确定下一个要运行的任务并将处理器的执行权利要求转移给这样确定的那个任务。
参见图3,在步骤S11中一个被赋予不是最低级优先级的应用程序运行。在下一步骤S12中,判定该应用程序是否已经完成。如果该应用程序并未完成,则处理进行到步骤S13,在其中该应用程序继续运行。如果该应用程序已经完成,则处理进行到步骤S16。如果在该应用程序的运行中在步骤S14遇到了一个中断信号,处理进行到步骤S15,在那里中断处理程序运行,然后在步骤S16中启动任务调度程序。在步骤S17中,任务调度程序判定该运行中的应用程序是否要被授权在下一个时间片中继续运行。如果该应用程序被授权在下一个时间片中运行,处理返回到步骤S11。如果该应用程序不被授权运行,则在步骤S18中判定是否另一个应用程序请求授权运行。如果另一个应用程序请求授权运行,则该应用程序在步骤S19中运行。否则处理进行到步骤S21,在那里启动用于停止时钟信号的时钟控制程序(被赋予最低优先级的)。在下一个步骤S22中,时钟控制程序运行,向时钟信号控制器40的寄存器43发送一个指示停止提供时钟信号的信号并且在步骤S23中停止提供时钟信号。
根据上述实施例,由于只有当没有其它任务要运行时时钟控制程序才运行,当某一任务在后台中运行时,时钟信号的供应没有被停止的危险。此外,根据本实施例,由于时钟信号的接通-断开控制是在系统定时器所指示的各定时器时间间隔上执行的,时钟信号是以处理器的空闲时间的小片被停止的,从而提供了低功耗。
应当认识到,所述时钟信号控制器40可以连接到一台处理器而不是处理器10,并加在另一个程序上。应能理解,代替停止对处理器10的时钟信号供应,可以通过降低时钟信号的频率来试图降低功耗。
如上所述,根据本发明,可以提供一种方法及一个信息处理系统,它们保证确定一个停止处理器的允许时刻或者延迟该处理器的一个操作的允许时刻来停止向该处理器提供时钟信号或者降低时钟信号的频率。
图1是按照本发明构造的一个信息处理系统的实施例的操作的时序图。
图2是示出所述实施例的总体结构的方框图。
图3是示出控制处理器时钟信号的方法与根据本发明的处理步骤的流程图。
10处理器
20系统总线
21时钟信号线
22中断信号线
30存储器
40时钟信号控制器
50发生器
60中断信号控制器
70系统定时器
Claims (5)
1、在一种使用多重任务处理操作系统的信息处理装置中,一种控制处理器时钟信号的方法,其特征在于其中对一个处理器的处理器时钟信号的供应是由一个程序控制的,确定是否向该处理器提供时钟信号,该程序在所述多重任务处理操作系统的控制下以最低优先级运行。
2、在一种使用多种任务处理操作系统的信息处理装置中,一种控制处理器时钟信号的方法,其特征在于其中对一个处理器的处理器时钟信号的供应是由一个程序控制的,确定是否改变提供给处理器的时钟信号的频率,该程序在所述多重任务处理操作系统下以最低优先级运行。
3、一个包括一个处理器的信息处理系统,其特征在于其中即使停止操作时钟信号,内部寄存器中的内容也不致丢失,一个时钟信号发生器用于向所述处理器提供时钟信号,以及一个时钟信号控制器,用于当一个被赋予最低优先级的程序在一个多重任务处理操作系统下运行时停止从所述时钟信号发生器到所述处理器的时钟信号的供应,并响应对所述处理器的中断信号之一重新开通对所述处理器的时钟信号的供应。
4、根据权利要求3的信息处理系统,其特征在于其中所述中断信号之一是来自用于同步整个信息处理系统的一个系统定时器的一个输出信号。
5、一个信息处理系统,包括一个存储器、一个处理器、一台输入/输出设备、一个发生器用于对所述处理器提供时钟信号以及一个系统定时器用于同步该系统的各部分,其特征在于其中提供了一个时钟信号控制器利用一个在多重任务处理操作系统下以最低优先级运行的程序停止向处理器提供时钟信号以及响应来自所述输入/输出设备或所述系统定时器的一个中断信号重新开通提供所述时钟信号。
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JP3050307A JPH0776894B2 (ja) | 1991-02-25 | 1991-02-25 | プロセッサ用クロック信号の制御方法及び情報処理システム |
JP50307/91 | 1991-02-25 |
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1991
- 1991-02-25 JP JP3050307A patent/JPH0776894B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1992
- 1992-01-24 MY MYPI92000116A patent/MY107803A/en unknown
- 1992-01-24 KR KR1019920000981A patent/KR950005217B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1992-01-24 CN CN92100438A patent/CN1023915C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1992-02-12 CA CA002061056A patent/CA2061056A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1992-02-18 DE DE69202278T patent/DE69202278T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1992-02-18 EP EP92301314A patent/EP0501655B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-02-18 ES ES92301314T patent/ES2072703T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-02-19 BR BR929200544A patent/BR9200544A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1992-02-24 US US07/840,417 patent/US5189647A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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BR9200544A (pt) | 1992-10-27 |
DE69202278T2 (de) | 1996-01-25 |
JPH04278612A (ja) | 1992-10-05 |
ES2072703T3 (es) | 1995-07-16 |
CA2061056A1 (en) | 1992-08-26 |
MY107803A (en) | 1996-06-29 |
JPH0776894B2 (ja) | 1995-08-16 |
EP0501655B1 (en) | 1995-05-03 |
CN1064956A (zh) | 1992-09-30 |
DE69202278D1 (de) | 1995-06-08 |
EP0501655A3 (en) | 1993-02-24 |
KR920016929A (ko) | 1992-09-25 |
US5189647A (en) | 1993-02-23 |
KR950005217B1 (ko) | 1995-05-22 |
EP0501655A2 (en) | 1992-09-02 |
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