CN102460285A - Liquid crystal display device - Google Patents

Liquid crystal display device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102460285A
CN102460285A CN2010800254065A CN201080025406A CN102460285A CN 102460285 A CN102460285 A CN 102460285A CN 2010800254065 A CN2010800254065 A CN 2010800254065A CN 201080025406 A CN201080025406 A CN 201080025406A CN 102460285 A CN102460285 A CN 102460285A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
liquid crystal
light
area source
prism
crystal indicator
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Pending
Application number
CN2010800254065A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
室诚治
森美穗
金光昭佳
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Sumitomo Chemical Co Ltd
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Sumitomo Chemical Co Ltd
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Publication date
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Publication of CN102460285A publication Critical patent/CN102460285A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02FOPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/1336Illuminating devices
    • G02F1/133602Direct backlight
    • G02F1/133606Direct backlight including a specially adapted diffusing, scattering or light controlling members
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0013Means for improving the coupling-in of light from the light source into the light guide
    • G02B6/0023Means for improving the coupling-in of light from the light source into the light guide provided by one optical element, or plurality thereof, placed between the light guide and the light source, or around the light source
    • G02B6/0025Diffusing sheet or layer; Prismatic sheet or layer
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/04Prisms
    • G02B5/045Prism arrays
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0033Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
    • G02B6/005Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide provided by one optical element, or plurality thereof, placed on the light output side of the light guide
    • G02B6/0053Prismatic sheet or layer; Brightness enhancement element, sheet or layer
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02FOPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/133528Polarisers
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02FOPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/1336Illuminating devices
    • G02F1/133615Edge-illuminating devices, i.e. illuminating from the side
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0033Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
    • G02B6/0056Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide for producing polarisation effects, e.g. by a surface with polarizing properties or by an additional polarizing elements
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02FOPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/1336Illuminating devices
    • G02F1/133602Direct backlight
    • G02F1/133606Direct backlight including a specially adapted diffusing, scattering or light controlling members
    • G02F1/133607Direct backlight including a specially adapted diffusing, scattering or light controlling members the light controlling member including light directing or refracting elements, e.g. prisms or lenses
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02FOPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/1336Illuminating devices
    • G02F1/13362Illuminating devices providing polarized light, e.g. by converting a polarisation component into another one

Abstract

Provided is a liquid crystal display device with high luminance and contrast and excellent display characteristics. The liquid crystal display device is configured from a surface light source (20), and a liquid crystal panel (10) disposed above the surface light source and provided with a liquid crystal cell (3) and a polarizing plate stacked on a surface on the surface light source side of the liquid crystal cell. The polarizing plate is provided with a polarizing film (12) and a prism sheet (13) having the surface thereof configured from prism-shaped protrusions (13a), the prism sheet (13) is disposed such that the surface thereof configured from the prism-shaped protrusions faces the surface light source, and the light intensity distribution indicating the emission angle dependence of the light intensity of emitted light from the surface light source (20) satisfies the following (1) and (2). (1) The maximum value of the light intensity has the highest peak in the range of -80 DEG =<-40 DEG or 40 DEG <=80 DEG . (2) The following expression is satisfied: a-b<30 DEG where a is an angle at which the maximum value of the light intensity at the peak is shown, and b is an angle at which a half of the maximum value of the light intensity at the peak is shown.

Description

Liquid crystal indicator
Technical field
The present invention relates to be used for the liquid crystal indicator of LCD TV, LCD monitor, PC etc.
Background technology
Liquid crystal indicator is as used thin-type display devices such as LCD TV, LCD monitor, PCs, and purposes sharply enlarges.Particularly, the market expansion of LCD TV is remarkable, in addition, realizes requiring cheaply also very high.
Common liquid crystal indicator is made up of the area source, light diffusing sheet, one or more diffusion sheets, the concentration piece that use cold-cathode tube or LED and the liquid crystal panel that is fitted with polaroid.In recent years, but the slimming of an urgent demand liquid crystal indicator in the purposes of the big picture LCD TV of wall hanging etc. is corresponding with the slimming of liquid crystal indicator in this case, need to be used for its member thin-walled property, cut down the member number of packages.
To this requirement; Known following technology; Promptly; Through the prismatic lens that will have optically focused property directly be bonded in the method (for example JPH11-295714-A and JP2008-262132-A) of the single face that is disposed at the liquid crystal cells that constitutes liquid crystal panel and the polaroid between the area source, with the method (for example JP2008-262132-A and JP2005-17355-A) of optically focused property prismatic lens as the diaphragm of the polaroid of the area source side that is configured in liquid crystal panel, thereby remove one or more members, cut down the member number of packages.
The liquid crystal indicator of putting down in writing like above-mentioned patent documentation 1~3, use the polaroid that possesses sheet elements such as prismatic lens; The light that has according to used area source penetrates characteristic; There is the light-focusing function of not giving full play to the sheet element expectation, the situation that causes display characteristics such as brightness, contrast to descend.
Summary of the invention
The present invention carries out in order to solve above-mentioned problem, and its purpose is to provide brightness and contrast is high, the excellent liquid crystal indicator of display characteristic.
The present invention relates to the liquid crystal indicator that is made up of area source and liquid crystal panel, said liquid crystal panel is configured on this area source and possesses liquid crystal cells and be laminated in the polaroid on the face of area source side of this liquid crystal cells.In liquid crystal indicator of the present invention; Above-mentioned polaroid possesses light polarizing film and prismatic lens; Said prismatic lens is situated between and is laminated in the surface of this light polarizing film and is had the surface that is made up of the prism-like projection by adhesive phase, and surface and area source that this prismatic lens is configured to be made up of the prism-like projection are opposed.In addition; Liquid crystal indicator of the present invention will with the crest line direction plane orthogonal of prism-like projection in, angle that the ejaculation direction of the ejaculation light of the normal direction of the light emergence face of area source and area source forms is made as and penetrates angle θ (wherein;-90 °≤θ≤90 °) time, the light intensity distributions of the dependent area source of ejaculation angle of the light intensity of expression ejaculation light satisfies following (1) and (2).
(1) in the scope of-80 ° of θ<-40 ° or 40 °<θ≤80 °, the maximum value of light intensity has the top.
When 1/2 the angle that the angle that (2) will show the light intensity maximum value in the top of maximum value of above-mentioned light intensity is made as θ a, will show light intensity maximum value in this peak is made as θ b, satisfy following formula [1]:
|θa-θb?|<30° [1]。
In liquid crystal indicator of the present invention, above-mentioned area source preferably comprises LGP and is configured in the light supply apparatus of the side of this LGP.In addition, light supply apparatus is that point source of light is arranged in the light supply apparatus of wire or comprises the light supply apparatus of bar-shaped light source, and light supply apparatus becomes light supply apparatus or almost parallel parallel with the crest line of prism-like projection with the prismatic lens preferred disposition.
In liquid crystal indicator of the present invention, above-mentioned area source preferably has 1 light supply apparatus that is configured in LGP one side or two light supply apparatuses that are configured in the relative both sides of LGP.
The apex of prism-like projection is preferably more than 60 °.In addition, the cross sectional shape of prism-like projection is preferably isosceles triangle.
Liquid crystal indicator of the present invention is slim, and brightness and contrast are high, display characteristic is excellent.But liquid crystal indicator of the present invention can be used as the liquid crystal display television by using liquid crystal indicator of big picture liquid crystal display television by using liquid crystal indicator, particularly wall hanging etc. well.
Description of drawings
[Fig. 1] is the schematic cross-section of a preferred example of expression liquid crystal indicator of the present invention.
[Fig. 2] is the schematic cross-section of a preferred example of the used rear side polaroid of expression the present invention.
[Fig. 3] be the expression prismatic lens surface configuration one the example schematic perspective view.
[Fig. 4] is the schematic perspective view that the light of the area source that is used to explain that the present invention is used penetrates characteristic.
[Fig. 5] is the synoptic diagram that is used to explain the path of the light that is incident upon the prism-like projection that prismatic lens has.
[Fig. 6] is the figure that is illustrated in the light intensity distributions of the area source A that uses in embodiment 1 and 2.
[Fig. 7] is the figure that is illustrated in the light intensity distributions of the area source B that uses in comparative example 1 and 2.
[Fig. 8] is the figure that is illustrated in the light intensity distributions (Luminance Distribution) of the liquid crystal indicator of making among the embodiment 1.
[Fig. 9] is the figure that is illustrated in the light intensity distributions (Luminance Distribution) of the liquid crystal indicator of making in the comparative example 1.
Embodiment
Fig. 1 is the schematic cross-section of a preferred example of expression liquid crystal indicator of the present invention.Liquid crystal indicator 100 shown in Figure 1 of the present invention is made up of area source 20 and the liquid crystal panel 10 that is configured on the area source 20, and said area source 20 possesses LGP 22 and is the light supply apparatus 21 that the mode on one side of LGP 22 disposes with the side along LGP 22.Liquid crystal panel 10 comprises liquid crystal cells 3, be layered on the face of area source 20 sides of liquid crystal cells 3 as the polaroid 1 of rear side polaroid and be layered in the polaroid 2 on the face of visuognosis side of liquid crystal cells 3 as the front face side polaroid.Polaroid 1 and polaroid 2 are situated between and are fitted by adhesive layer 17 and liquid crystal cells 3.
As the polaroid 1 of rear side polaroid possess light polarizing film 12, be situated between by adhesive phase 14 be layered in area source 20 side surfaces of light polarizing film 12 the prismatic lens 13 with surface of constituting by prism-like projection 13a (below, be also referred to as prism facets), and be situated between and be layered in the resin molding 15 of the visuognosis side surface of light polarizing film 12 by adhesive phase 16.Polaroid 1 is fitted with its resin molding 15 sides and liquid crystal cells 3.More specifically; Liquid crystal cells 3 is fitted with polaroid 1 as follows: with the range upon range of face and the liquid crystal cells 3 opposed modes that the face opposition side of prismatic lens 13 is arranged of light polarizing film 12; That is, the prism facets of prismatic lens 13 forms area source side surface, this prism facets and the area source 20 opposed modes of liquid crystal panel 10.Should explain that in the present invention, the rear side polaroid can not have this resin molding, can be that light polarizing film 12 directly is situated between and is made up of with liquid crystal cells 3 is fitted adhesive layer etc.
As shown in Figure 1; Liquid crystal indicator of the present invention has been to use has Jie is layered in the rear side polaroid of the surperficial prismatic lens of light polarizing film by adhesive phase liquid crystal indicator; As describing ground in detail in the back; Use this liquid crystal indicator, it is characterized in that using and have specific light and penetrate characteristic, particularly be the area source of light distribution characteristic (which direction penetrating the light of the intensity of which kind of degree) along with rear side polarization plates of prismatic lens.According to the present invention, a kind of liquid crystal indicator can be provided, its use has the rear side polaroid of prismatic lens, and brightness and contrast are high, display characteristic is excellent.In addition; Liquid crystal indicator of the present invention is through possessing the liquid crystal panel that is fitted with the polaroid of having realized slimming in the rear side of liquid crystal cells; Thereby has sufficient mechanical simultaneously with thin-walled property is corresponding; And,, also reach the improvement of display characteristic thus so prevent the driving fit of liquid crystal panel and area source owing to make prismatic lens be configured in the rear side of liquid crystal panel.Below, the limit is elaborated to liquid crystal indicator of the present invention with reference to suitable accompanying drawing limit.
< rear side polarization plates >
Fig. 2 is the schematic cross-section of a preferred example of the used rear side polaroid of expression the present invention, its constitute with Fig. 1 in polaroid 1 identical (reference marks is also identical).Example as shown in Figure 2, the used rear side polaroid of the present invention possess the prismatic lens 13 that light polarizing film 12, Jie are layered in a surface (area source side surface) of light polarizing film 12 by adhesive phase 14 and have the surface (prism facets) that is made up of prism-like projection 13a at least.Polaroid 1 that kind that the rear side polaroid is as shown in Figure 2, also can possess Jie by adhesive phase 16 be layered in the range upon range of face (face of liquid crystal cell side) that the face opposition side of prismatic lens 13 arranged on resin molding 15.
(light polarizing film)
Particularly, polaroid used light polarizing film 12 in the back side is in the light polarizing film that on the polyvinyl alcohol resin film of uniaxial tension, is adsorbed with dichromatism pigment and said dichromatism pigment generation orientation.As the polyvinyl alcohol resin that constitutes the polyvinyl alcohol resin film, can use with polyvinyl acetate be the resin saponification and resin.As polyvinyl acetate is resin, except polyvinyl acetate as the homopolymer of vinyl acetate, also can enumerate vinyl acetate with can with the multipolymer of other monomer of its copolymerization, for example vinyl-vinyl acetate copolymer etc.As can with other monomer of vinyl acetate copolymerization, for example can enumerate unsaturated carboxylic acid class, olefines, vinyl ethers, unsaturated sulfonic acid class, have the acrylic amide of ammonium etc.
The saponification degree of polyvinyl alcohol resin is generally about 85~100 moles of %, is preferably 98 moles more than the %.Polyvinyl alcohol resin can be modified, and for example, also can use with aldehydes and carry out modified polyethylene alcohol formal, polyvinyl acetal, reached polyvinyl butyral etc.The degree of polymerization of polyvinyl alcohol resin is generally about 1000~10000, is preferably about 1500~5000.
With this polyvinyl alcohol resin system film, use as the original membrane (former anti-Off イ Le system) of light polarizing film.Method to polyvinyl alcohol resin system film does not limit available known appropriate method system film especially.Thickness to the original membrane that formed polyvinyl alcohol resin does not limit especially, for example is about 10~150 μ m still.
Light polarizing film is made through following operation usually: the aforesaid original membrane that is formed by polyvinyl alcohol resin is dyeed with the dichromatism pigment and adsorbs the operation (washing treatment process) that the operation (dyeing treatment process) of this dichromatism pigment, the polyvinyl alcohol resin film that will be adsorbed with the dichromatism pigment are washed after carrying out treatment procedures (boric acid treatment process) with boric acid aqueous solution and utilizing this boric acid aqueous solution to handle.
In addition, when making light polarizing film, uniaxial tension polyvinyl alcohol resin film usually, but this uniaxial tension can carry out before the dyeing treatment process, also can in the dyeing treatment process, carry out, and also can after the dyeing treatment process, carry out.When after the dyeing treatment process, carrying out uniaxial tension, this uniaxial tension can carry out before the boric acid treatment process, also can in the boric acid treatment process, carry out.Certainly, also can in these a plurality of steps, carry out uniaxial tension.Uniaxial tension can carry out uniaxial tension between the different roller of peripheral speed, also can use hot-rolling to carry out uniaxial tension.In addition, can be the dry type stretching that in atmosphere, stretches, also can be to stretch in the wet type that makes it with solvent to stretch under the state of swelling.Stretching ratio is generally about 3~8 times.
The dyeing that polyvinyl alcohol resin film in the dyeing treatment process utilizes the dichromatism pigment to carry out is for example through carrying out the polyvinyl alcohol resin film immersion in the WS that contains the dichromatism pigment.As the dichromatism pigment, for example can use iodine, dichroic dye etc.Dichroic dye comprises the directly dichromatism direct dyes that formed by bis-azo compound of red 39 grades of C.I. for example, the dichromatism direct dyes that is formed by trisazo-, four azo-compounds etc.Should explain that the polyvinyl alcohol resin film preferably is implemented in the dip treating in the water in advance before dyeing is handled.
When using iodine, adopt the method that the polyvinyl alcohol resin film immersion is dyeed usually in the WS that contains iodine and potassium iodide as the dichromatism pigment.The content of the iodine in this WS is 0.01~1 weight portion with respect to per 100 weight parts waters usually, and the content of potassium iodide is 0.5~20 weight portion with respect to per 100 weight parts waters usually.When using iodine as the dichromatism pigment, the temperature of dyeing aqueous solutions employed is generally 20~40 ℃, and in addition, the dip time in this WS (dyeing time) is generally 20~1800 seconds.
On the other hand, when using dichroic dye, adopt the method that the polyvinyl alcohol resin film immersion is dyeed usually in containing the WS of water-soluble dichroic dye as the dichromatism pigment.The content of the dichroic dye in this WS is 1 * 10 with respect to per 100 weight parts waters usually -4~10 weight portions are preferably 1 * 10 -3~1 weight portion is preferably 1 * 10 especially -3~1 * 10 -2Weight portion.This WS can contain inorganic salts such as sodium sulphate as dyeing assistant.When using dichroic dye as the dichromatism pigment, the temperature of the used aqueous dye solutions that dyes is generally 20~80 ℃, and in addition, the dip time in this WS (dyeing time) is generally 10~1800 seconds.
The boric acid treatment process is through carrying out in the boronic acid containing WS with the polyvinyl alcohol resin film immersion that the dichromatism pigment has carried out dyeing.The amount of the boric acid in the boronic acid containing WS is generally 2~15 weight portions with respect to per 100 weight parts waters, is preferably 5~12 weight portions.When using iodine as the dichromatism pigment in the above-mentioned dyeing treatment process, the boronic acid containing WS that preferably uses in this boric acid treatment process contains potassium iodide.In this case, the amount of the potassium iodide in the boronic acid containing WS is generally 0.1~15 weight portion with respect to per 100 weight parts waters, is preferably 5~12 weight portions.Dip time in the boronic acid containing WS is generally 60~1200 seconds, is preferably 150~600 seconds, further is preferably 200~400 seconds.The temperature of the boronic acid containing WS is generally more than 50 ℃, is preferably 50~85 ℃, more preferably 60~80 ℃.
In follow-up washing treatment process, through the polyvinyl alcohol resin film immersion after above-mentioned boric acid is handled in for example washing processing in the water.The temperature of the water during washing is handled is generally 5~40 ℃, and dip time is generally 1~120 second.Washing is handled the back and is implemented dried usually, obtains light polarizing film.Dried for example can be used air drier, far infra-red heater to wait to carry out.The temperature of dried is generally 30~100 ℃, is preferably 50~80 ℃.The time of dried is generally 60~600 seconds, is preferably 120~600 seconds.
Like this, the polyvinyl alcohol resin film is implemented uniaxial tension, the dyeing that utilizes the dichromatism pigment, boric acid processing and washing handle, obtain light polarizing film.The thickness of this light polarizing film is generally in the scope of 5~40 μ m.
(prismatic lens)
The used prismatic lens 13 of rear side polaroid has the surface (prism facets) that is made up of the projection of prism-like (prism-like projection 13a).Prismatic lens 13 is laminated on the light polarizing film 12 with face and the light polarizing film 12 opposed modes with the prism facets opposition side.The prismatic lens 13 that will have prism facets is disposed at the surface of rear side polaroid, make this prism facets with after the area source stated opposed, thereby can change the direction of light that (deflection) is penetrated from the light emergence face of area source (with the face of the opposed side of prism facets) intentionally.According to the present invention; The ejaculation direction that above-mentioned prismatic lens capable of using will be from the ejaculation light of area source, especially have the ejaculation light (mainly penetrating direction and be the ejaculation light of the direction different with the normal direction (frontal of liquid crystal indicator) of the light emergence face of area source) of directive property deflects into the frontal of liquid crystal indicator; Thus, the brightness and the contrast in the front of liquid crystal indicator are improved.Should explain that prismatic lens 13 also plays the effect as the diaphragm of light polarizing film 12.
At this; So-called " prism-like projection " is meant so that triangle (can comprise general triangular shape that part contains curve, zigzag fashion etc.) with vertically parallel the moving of the face of this triangle must the column represented of track in, by the part (track at the diagonal angle on the base of this triangle) on the limit (crest line) of two side clampings that do not form the bottom surface; Prism facets is carried out parallel connect airtight with the face relative with the prism-like projection (track on the base of this triangle) in this column as the bottom surface with a plurality of these columns and is arranged in, and a plurality of prism-like projections are arranged along directions (becoming the mode of parallel or almost parallel with the crest line of each prism-like projection).Fig. 3 be the expression prismatic lens surface configuration one the example schematic perspective view, the cross sectional shape of its prism-like projection is an isosceles triangle.
The drift angle (angle on summit) of the prism-like projection 13a that prismatic lens 13 has can be made as for example 30~100 °; But in the present invention; Deflect into the frontal of liquid crystal indicator more efficiently for the ejaculation light of will be from the ejaculation light of area source, particularly having directive property; Especially preferably be made as 60 °~100 °, more preferably be made as 60 °~80 °.
The height of prism-like projection 13a can be made as for example 10~200 μ m.In addition, the spacing of prism-like projection 13a (distance between the crest line of adjacent projection) can be considered the drift angle of prism-like projection 13a and highly wait suitably and confirm, for example, can be made as 5~300 μ m.
The both sides of the projection in the section triangle shape of formation prism-like projection 13a can be equal length; Also can be different length; But at least when the light supply apparatus of used area source is configured in the relative both sides of LGP; Preferred these both sides are equal length, and therefore, the cross sectional shape of prism-like projection 13a is preferably isosceles triangle.The height of a plurality of prism-like projection 13a can be all identical, also can be different.In addition, the shape of formed ditch can be straight line between projection, also can be curve.
As the material of prismatic lens 13, can use known various material.For example, can use polyolefin-based resins such as tygon, polypropylene; Polyester based resins such as pet resin, PEN resin; Corvic; Polycarbonate-based resin; Norbornene resin; Polyurethane series resin; Acrylic resin; Plexiglass; Polystyrene resin; Synthetic high polymers such as methyl methacrylate-styrene based copolymer, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) based copolymer, acrylonitrile-styrene based copolymer; Natural polymers such as cellulose diacetate resin, cellulose triacetate resin.Wherein, From the viewpoint of the transparency, moisture-penetrability and throughput rate, preferred polyolefm is any thermoplastic resin in resin, polyacrylic resin, polycarbonate-based resin, polyester based resin, polystyrene resin, methyl methacrylate-styrene based copolymer, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) based copolymer, the acrylonitrile-styrene based copolymer.In addition, these macromolecular materials can contain adjuvants such as ultraviolet light absorber, anti-oxidant, plastifier as required.
Prismatic lens 13 can be with above-mentioned transparent polymer material as base material; With photic polymer treatment method, special-shaped extrusion molding, shaping method to suppress, known method such as injection moulding, roller transfer method, laser ablation method, machine cut method, mechanical milling method are made.These methods can be distinguished independent use, perhaps can the method more than 2 kinds be made up.
Do not limit the thickness of prismatic lens 13 is special, still, be preferably about 20 μ m~200 μ m, more preferably 30 μ m~100 μ m from the viewpoint of polaroid thin-walled property.
(resin molding)
Example as shown in Figure 2, on light polarizing film 12 and the face range upon range of face opposition side that prismatic lens arranged, but resin moldings 15 such as stacked guard film, optical compensation films.In this case, polaroid 1 is situated between by adhesive layer and liquid crystal cells applying in resin molding 15 laminated.In addition, on light polarizing film 12 or diaphragm or optical compensation films, the optical functional film that also can be situated between by adhesive phase or adhesive layer and state after range upon range of.
As resin molding 15, can enumerate polyester based resin films such as tri acetyl cellulose membrane cellulose-based resin moldings such as (TAC films), polyolefin-based resins film, acrylic resin film, polyethylene terephthalate etc.
As the cellulose-based resin that constitutes above-mentioned cellulose-based resin molding, can enumerate cellulosic partial esterification thing or complete carboxylate, for example, can enumerate cellulosic acetic acid esters, propionic ester, butyric ester, reach their mixed ester etc.More specifically, can enumerate triacetyl cellulose, diacetyl cellulose, cellulose-acetate propionate, cellulose acetate-butyrate etc.When so cellulose-based resin system film is formed film, can suitably use known method such as solvent cast method, extrusion by melting.As the commercially available article of cellulose esters resin film, for example can enumerate " Fijitac TD80 " (Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd.'s system), " Fijitac TD80UF " (Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd.'s system), " Fijitac TD80UZ " (Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd.'s system), " KC8UX2M " (Konica Minolta Opto Co., Ltd. system), " KC8UY " (Konica Minolta Opto Co., Ltd. system) etc.
In addition, as by the film formed optical compensation films of cellulose-based resin, can enumerate the film that the compound that above-mentioned cellulose-based resin molding contained have phase differential adjustment function forms; The film that the compound that has phase differential adjustment function in cellulose-based surface resin film coating forms; Cellulose-based resin molding is carried out uniaxial tension or the biaxial stretch-formed and film that obtains etc.
By the film formed optical compensation films of cellulose-based resin, for example can enumerate " the WV BZ 438 " of Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd.'s system, " WV EA ", " KC4FR-1 " of Konica Minolta Opto Co., Ltd. system, " KC4HR-1 " etc. as commercially available.
By the not special restriction of the thickness of film formed diaphragm of cellulose-based resin or optical compensation films, but be preferably in the scope of 20~90 μ m, more preferably in the scope of 30~90 μ m.At thickness during less than 20 μ m, the difficult treatment of film, on the other hand, at thickness during greater than 90 μ m, the processability variation in addition, is being disadvantageous aspect the thin-walled property of gained polaroid and the lightweight.
As the optical compensation films that forms by the said polyolefins resin film, for example can enumerate through uniaxial tension or biaxial stretch-formed cyclic olefine resin molding.Be applied to large-scale liquid crystal display television by using liquid crystal panel, when particularly having the liquid crystal panel of liquid crystal cells of vertical orientated (VA) pattern, as above-mentioned optical compensation films, from optical characteristics and permanance aspect, the also stretching thing of preferred cyclic olefine resin molding.At this, so-called cyclic olefine resin molding is for example by having by ENB, encircling the film that the thermoplastic resin of the monomeric unit that cyclic olefins (cycloolefin) such as norborneol alkene monomer form is processed more.The cyclic olefine resin molding can be the ring-opening polymerization polymer that uses single cycloolefin hydride, use the hydride of the ring opening copolymer thing of cycloolefin more than 2 kinds, also can be cycloolefin and olefine and/or have the addition copolymer of the aromatics etc. of vinyl.In addition, the material at main chain or side chain introducing polar group also is effective.
As commercially available thermoplasticity cyclic olefine resin; " ARTON " that " Topas " that sold by the TOPAS ADVANCEDPOLYMERS GmbH company of Germany is arranged, sold by JSR Corp., " ZEONOR " that sold by Zeon Corp reach " ZEONEX ", by " Apel " (being trade name) of Mitsui Chemicals, Inc's sale etc., can preferably use these resins.
Can such cyclic olefine resin system film be obtained the cyclic olefine resin molding.As film-forming method, can suitably use known method such as solvent cast method, extrusion by melting.In addition; Also commercially available " ZEONOR film " that " S-SINA " that sold by Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd reach " SCA40 ", sold by Zeon Corp for example arranged, by " ARTON film " cyclic olefine resin molding that system films such as (being trade name) obtains of JSR Corp.'s sale, they also can preferably use.
If the thickness by the film formed optical compensation films of cyclic olefine resin of drawn is blocked up, processability variation then, in addition, the transparency descends, and is unfavorable etc. aspect the thin-walled property of polaroid and lightweight, therefore is preferably about 20~80 μ m.
The used rear side polaroid of the present invention can obtain at a surface above-mentioned prismatic lens of applying of above-mentioned light polarizing film through using bonding agent.Thus, with reference to Fig. 2, obtain being situated between by the adhesive phase 14 range upon range of polaroids that prismatic lens 13 is arranged on the surface of light polarizing film 12.When the another side laminated resin film 15 of light polarizing film 12, light polarizing film 12 uses bonding agent to carry out with the applying of resin molding 15 equally.This bonding agent forms adhesive phase 16.When on light polarizing film 12, being fitted with resin molding 15, applying prismatic lens 13 used bonding agent and applying resin molding 15 used bonding agents can be bonding agent of the same race, also can be bonding agent not of the same race.As the used bonding agent of these films of fitting, can enumerate aqueous adhesive, promptly, make the adhesive ingredients dissolving perhaps be dispersed in bonding agent and the photo-curable bonding agent that forms in the water.
Can make the above-mentioned aqueous adhesive of preferred use on the adhesive phase attenuation this point.As aqueous adhesive, for example, can enumerate use polyvinyl alcohol resin or urethane resin aqueous adhesive as adhesive ingredients.
When using polyvinyl alcohol resin as adhesive ingredients; This polyvinyl alcohol resin can be partly-hydrolysed polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), fully saponified polyvinyl alcohol (PVA); In addition, can also be that carboxy-modified polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), acetoacetyl modified polyvinylalcohol, methylol modified polyvinylalcohol, amino modified polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) etc. are resin through modified polyethylene alcohol.Usually, polyvinyl alcohol resin is modulated into the WS of polyvinyl alcohol resin as the aqueous adhesive of adhesive ingredients.The concentration of the polyvinyl alcohol resin in the bonding agent is generally about 1~10 weight portion with respect to water 100 weight portions, is preferably about 1~5 weight portion.
In with the bonding agent of polyvinyl alcohol resin as adhesive ingredients, improve in order to make cohesive, preferably add glyoxal, curable composition or crosslinking chemical such as water-soluble epoxy resin.As water-soluble epoxy resin; Can preferably use the polyamide polyamine epoxy resin that for example makes the reaction of chloropropylene oxide and polyamide polyamine and obtain, said polyamide polyamine obtains through dicarboxylic acids reactions such as polyalkylenepolyamines such as diethylene triamine, trien and hexane diacids.As the commercially available article of this polyamide polyamine epoxy resin, can enumerate " the SUMIREZ RESIN 650 " and " SUMIREZ RESIN 675 " that sell by Sumika Chemtex Co., Ltd., by " WS-525 " of Japan PMC Corp's sale etc.The addition of these curable compositions or crosslinking chemical (being its total amount when all adding) is generally 1~100 weight portion with respect to polyvinyl alcohol resin 100 weight portions, is preferably 1~50 weight portion.The addition of above-mentioned curable composition, crosslinking chemical is with respect to polyvinyl alcohol resin 100 weight portions during less than 1 weight portion; The tendency that the effect that exists cohesive to improve diminishes; In addition; The addition of above-mentioned curable composition, crosslinking chemical is with respect to polyvinyl alcohol resin 100 weight portions during greater than 100 weight portions, the tendency that exists adhesive phase to become fragile.
In addition, when using urethane resin as adhesive ingredients, as the example of suitable adhesive composition, can enumerate polyester is ionomer type polyurethane resin and the potpourri with compound of glycidoxypropyl.At this, so-called polyester is that ionomer type polyurethane resin is the urethane resin with polyester backbone, in its skeleton, introduces a spot of ionic composition (hydrophilic component).This ionomer type polyurethane resin because do not use emulsifying agent but directly in water emulsification form emulsion, so be suitable as aqueous adhesive.
Polyester is that ionomer type polyurethane resin himself is known; For example open in the flat 7-97504 communique and record as being used for making phenol resin to be dispersed in the example of the macromolecule dispersing agent of aqueous medium the spy; In addition; Opening 2005-070140 communique and spy the spy opens the 2005-181817 communique following content is shown: with polyester be ionomer type polyurethane resin with the potpourri of compound with glycidoxypropyl as bonding agent, cyclic olefine resin molding and the light polarizing film that is formed by polyvinyl alcohol resin are fitted.
As bonding agent is coated light polarizing film and/or with the member (prismatic lens, diaphragm or optical compensation films) of its applying on method; Can be common known method; For example, can enumerate The tape casting, Meyer wind the line excellent rubbing method, intaglio plate rubbing method, comma coating machine method, scrape the skill in using a kitchen knife in cookery, mould is coated with method, dip coating, spray-on process etc.So-called The tape casting be the limit make as the film that is applied thing along the cardinal principle vertical direction, substantially horizontal direction, or between the two vergence direction move, the limit is bonding agent and the method that makes it to spread under its surface current.
Behind the coating adhesive, with light polarizing film with treat with the member of its applying overlappingly, carry out the applying of film with clamping such as niproll.Use the applying of the film of niproll can adopt following method etc., for example, behind coating adhesive, thus the method for pressurizeing and spreading out equably with roller etc.; Behind coating adhesive, between roller and roller, thus the method for pressurizeing and spreading out.During for the former,, can use metal, rubber etc. as the material of roller.In addition, during for the latter, a plurality of rollers can be identical material, also can be different materials.
After the above-mentioned applying, solidify through the dry adhesive phase that makes, thereby can obtain polaroid.This dried is carried out through for example blowing hot blast, and its temperature is generally in 40~100 ℃ the scope, is preferably in 60~100 ℃ the scope.In addition, be generally 20~1200 seconds drying time.
The thickness of dried adhesive phase is generally 0.001~5 μ m, is preferably 0.01~2 μ m, further is preferably 0.01~1 μ m.The thickness of dried adhesive phase might bondingly become insufficient during less than 0.001 μ m, in addition, if the thickness of dried adhesive phase greater than 5 μ m, then might produce the bad order of polaroid.Should explain that the thickness of the adhesive phase after the above-mentioned niproll of usefulness before drying, curing etc. is fitted is preferably below the 5 μ m, and is preferably more than the 0.01 μ m.
After the dried, can obtain sufficient bond strength in the slaking that is carried out up to not a half sky under the temperature more than the room temperature, be generally more than 1 day.This slaking is typically being wound under the state of web-like to be carried out.Preferred curing temperature is 30~50 ℃ a scope, further is preferably 35~45 ℃.When curing temperature surpasses 50 ℃, under the clot state, be easy to generate so-called " rolling-in (the volume I is formed ま り) ".Should explain that the humidity during slaking is not special to be limited, and is the scope about 0%RH~70%RH but be preferably selected to relative humidity.Curing time is generally 1 day~about 10 days, is preferably 2 days~about 7 days.
In addition, as above-mentioned photo-curable bonding agent, can enumerate potpourri of for example photo-curable epoxy resin and light cationic polymerization initiators etc.As photo-curable epoxy resin, epoxy resin, and their potpourri etc. that can enumerate alicyclic epoxy resin for example, not have the ester ring type structure.The photo-curable bonding agent is except photo-curable epoxy resin; Also can contain acrylic resin, oxetane resin, urethane resin, polyvinyl alcohol resin etc.; In addition; Can also contain the light cationic polymerization initiators simultaneously, perhaps contain the optical free radical polymerization initiator and replace the light cationic polymerization initiators.
When using the photo-curable bonding agent; With the photo-curable bonding agent be coated on light polarizing film and/or with the member (prismatic lens, diaphragm or optical compensation films) of its applying on; After fitting with light polarizing film and with the member of its applying, the irradiation active energy beam, thus the photo-curable bonding agent is solidified.The coating process of photo-curable bonding agent and the applying method of film can be same with aqueous adhesive.The light source of active energy beam is not special to be limited; But the active energy beam that preferably below wavelength 400nm, has luminescence distribution; Particularly, preferably use low pressure mercury lamp, medium pressure mercury lamp, high-pressure sodium lamp, ultrahigh pressure mercury lamp, chemical lamp, black lamp, microwave-excitation mercury lamp, metal halide lamp etc.
The rayed intensity of the photo-curable bonding agent composition according to this photo-curable bonding agent is suitably confirmed, not special the qualification, but be 0.1~6000mW/cm preferably to the exposure intensity of the effective wavelength region may of activation of polymerization initiator 2This exposure intensity is 0.1mW/cm 2When above, the reaction time can be not long, is 6000mW/cm 2When following, the xanthochromia of the epoxy resin that heating caused when the heat of radiation of light source and photo-curable bonding agent solidify, the possibility that produces the light polarizing film deterioration are few.The rayed time to the photo-curable bonding agent is controlled according to the photo-curable bonding agent that each takes place to solidify, not special restriction, but preferably will become 10~10000mJ/m with the accumulative total light quantity setting of the product representation of irradiation time as above-mentioned exposure intensity 2Accumulative total light quantity to the photo-curable bonding agent is 10mJ/m 2When above, can make spike produce q.s and curing reaction is carried out more reliably from polymerization initiator, in addition, at 10000mJ/m 2When following, irradiation time can be not long, can keep good throughput rate.
When the photo-curable bonding agent being solidified, preferably under the condition that the various functions of the polaroids such as the transparency of degree of polarization, transmissivity and the tone of light polarizing film and prismatic lens, diaphragm and optical compensation films do not descend, be cured through the irradiation active energy beam.
Should explain; Before prismatic lens and diaphragm or optical compensation films and light polarizing film applying; For cohesive is improved, can implement surface treatments such as plasma treatment, corona treatment, ultraviolet treatment with irradiation, flame treatment, saponification processing to light polarizing film and/or with the adhesive surface of the member of its applying.Handle as saponification, can enumerate the method in the alkaline aqueous solutions such as impregnated in NaOH, potassium hydroxide.
In addition, as stated, the rear side polaroid can have the optical functional film, and said optical functional film-stack is on light polarizing film 12 and the face range upon range of face opposition side that prismatic lens 13 arranged.As the optical functional film, for example can enumerate the optical compensation films that is coated with liquid crystal compounds and this liquid crystal compounds generation orientation at substrate surface; Certain polarized light of transmission, and will show and its reflection type polarizing film that reflects for the polarized light of opposite nature; The phase retardation film that forms by polycarbonate-based resin; By the film formed phase retardation film of cyclic olefine resin; The film that has concaveconvex shape on the surface with anti-dazzle function; The film of belt surface anti-reflective function; The reflectance coating that has reflection function on the surface; And have Transflective film of reflection function and transmission function etc. concurrently.As be coated with liquid crystal compounds and this liquid crystal compounds at substrate surface the suitable commercially available article of optical compensation films of orientation take place, can enumerate " WV film " (Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd.'s system), " NH film " (Shin Nihon Oil Co., Ltd's system), " NR film " (Shin Nihon Oil Co., Ltd's system) etc.As with certain polarized light of transmission and will show the commercially available article suitable with its reflection type polarizing film that reflects for the polarized light of opposite nature, for example can enumerate " DBEF " (the 3M corporate system, Japan can be from the Sumitomo 3M company buy) etc.In addition, be equivalent to commercially available article, for example can enumerate " ARTON film " (JSR Corp.'s system), " S-SINA " (Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd's system), " ZEONOR film " (Zeon Corp) etc. by the film formed phase retardation film of cyclic olefine resin.
The rear side polaroid preferably has on the surface with the prismatic lens opposition side and is used for the adhesive layer of fitting with liquid crystal cells.As the used tackifier of this adhesive layer, can use known in the past suitable tackifier, for example can enumerate acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive, polyurethane series tackifier, silicone-based tackifier etc.Wherein, from viewpoints such as the transparency, adhesive power, reliability, re-workabilities, preferably use acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive.Adhesive layer can be through following method setting: this tackifier is processed for example organic solvent solution, be coated with machine, intaglio plate coating machine etc. with mould it is coated on the base material film (for example light polarizing film etc.), make it dry.In addition, also can be provided with through the method that will be needed on base material film at the sheet tackifier that the plastic foil (being called as barrier film) of having implemented demoulding processing upward forms.The not special restriction of the thickness of adhesive layer, but be preferably in the scope of 2~40 μ m.
< front face side polaroid >
Front face side polaroid (polaroid 2 among Fig. 1) is to be that benchmark is configured in the polaroid with area source opposition side (visuognosis side) with the liquid crystal cells.As the front face side polaroid, can use known in the past suitable polaroid.For example, except that the single face of light polarizing film or two sides range upon range of the diaphragm that formed by triacetyl cellulose etc. is arranged and polaroid, also can use and implement non-glare treated, hard conating is handled, antireflection is handled polaroid etc.In addition, also can be at the range upon range of polaroid that has the diaphragm that forms by polyethylene terephthalate film, acrylic films, polypropylene screen etc. or optical compensation films to form of the single face of light polarizing film.
< area source >
Liquid crystal indicator of the present invention possesses the area source 20 of the liquid crystal panel that is used for evenly throwing light on.In the present invention; As area source 20; For the function of bringing into play prismatic lens to greatest extent (will carry out deflection and will from the function of ejaculation direction of light correction to the frontal of liquid crystal indicator of prism-like projection), use to have the area source that specific light penetrates characteristic (light distribution characteristic) from the ejaculation light of area source.
More specifically; With reference to Fig. 4; The formed angle of ejaculation direction M of the ejaculation light of the normal direction T of used area source light emergence face in the crest line direction plane orthogonal W of the prism-like projection that will have with prismatic lens, area source and area source is made as and penetrates angle θ (wherein among the present invention;-90 °≤θ≤90 °) time, represent that the light intensity distributions of the dependent area source of ejaculation angle of the light intensity of this ejaculation light satisfies following (1) and (2).
(1) in the scope of-80 °≤θ<-40 ° or 40 °<θ≤80 °, the maximum value of light intensity has the top.
When 1/2 the angle that the angle that (2) will show the light intensity maximum value in the top of maximum value of above-mentioned light intensity is made as θ a, will show light intensity maximum value in the above-mentioned peak is made as θ b, satisfy following formula [1]:
|θa-θb|<30° [1]。
Should explain, penetrate scope that angle θ can adopt and be-90 °≤θ≤90 °.So-called θ=0 ° is meant that the normal direction T from the light emergence face of the ejaculation direction of light M of area source and area source is equidirectional.So-called θ=-90 ° is meant in the W of plane; Ejaculation direction of light M from area source forms the angle that is rotated counterclockwise (or turning clockwise) 90 ° with respect to normal direction T; So-called θ=90 ° is meant in the W of plane, forms the angle of turn clockwise (or being rotated counterclockwise) 90 ° with respect to normal direction T from the ejaculation direction of light M of area source.
When (absolute value that penetrates angle θ the is bigger) light of ejaculation direction M with normal direction T of the light emergence face that departs from area source significantly is incident upon the prism-like projection 13a that prismatic lens has; As in Fig. 5, schematically showing; This injects the hypotenuse P that light arrives prism-like projection 13a; By this hypotenuse P reflection, thereby can be concentrated on the frontal (the normal direction T of the light emergence face of area source) of liquid crystal indicator.Promptly; Possess in the liquid crystal indicator of rear side polarization plates of prismatic lens in use, (absolute value that penetrates angle θ is bigger) light of the ejaculation direction M of this normal direction T with the light emergence face that departs from area source significantly helps significantly to improve the brightness and the contrast of the frontal of liquid crystal indicator.
Discoveries such as the inventor: especially in the W of plane, in-80 °≤θ<-40 ° or the scope of 40 °<θ≤80 ° (promptly; Penetrate the absolute value of angle θ | θ | be 40 °<| θ |≤80 ° scope) maximum value of interior display light intensity has the area source of the light intensity distributions characteristic at top (satisfying above-mentioned condition (1)); The light that constitutes this peak is concentrated on the frontal (the normal direction T of the light emergence face of area source) of liquid crystal indicator effectively by prismatic lens, and therefore brightness and the contrast to the frontal that improves liquid crystal indicator is extremely effective.Should explain, the lower limit and the upper limit of the ejaculation angle θ that in above-mentioned condition (1), is considered be made as respectively-80 °, 80 ° be because: being difficult to precision and measuring the light intensity that angle surpasses this lower limit and the upper limit well, is unpractical.
The top of the maximum value of above-mentioned light intensity be preferably placed at 50 °≤| θ | in≤80 ° the scope, more preferably be positioned at 60 °≤| θ |≤80 ° scope.
On the other hand, the inventor waits also and finds: the width at the top of the maximum value of above-mentioned light intensity (wide cut) also can influence the brightness and the contrast of the frontal of liquid crystal indicator.Promptly; In the light intensity distributions of the area source of plane W; With the angle of the light intensity maximum value in the top of the maximum value that is presented at above-mentioned light intensity be made as θ a, when 1/2 the angle that will show light intensity maximum value in this peak is made as θ b; If half breadth | θ a-θ b| is less than 30 ° (satisfying above-mentioned condition (2)); Then can significantly do not penetrated the harmful effect of the smaller light of angle θ absolute value,, the brightness and the contrast of the frontal of liquid crystal indicator are improved through as the main optically focused that penetrates near the light of ejaculation angle θ a of light.Relative therewith; Half breadth | θ a-θ b| be more than 30 ° or when not having θ b (for example; This peak is extremely mild peak, in the scope of-80 °≤θ≤80 °, when 1/2 the point that becomes maximum value does not exist on the peak); The smaller light component of absolute value that constitutes near the ejaculation angle θ the foot of the hill at top of maximum value of above-mentioned light intensity increases; Consequently, the light component that utilizes prismatic lens to be bent to the direction the frontal (the normal direction T of the light emergence face of area source) except that liquid crystal indicator increases, and therefore has the brightness of the frontal that can't make liquid crystal indicator and the tendency that contrast improves fully.Half breadth | θ a-θ b| is preferably below 25 °.
As long as the light intensity distributions of the area source in the W of plane satisfies above-mentioned (1) and (2) just can have light distribution property arbitrarily, but preferably in the scope of ejaculation angle-40~40 °, there is not significant peak.This is because there is the tendency that suitably is not concentrated on the frontal of liquid crystal indicator by prismatic lens in such peak.
At this, as with the crest line direction plane orthogonal W of prism-like projection, can adopt a plurality of planes, but in the present invention, in wantonly at least 1 plane W, satisfy above-mentioned (1) and (2) get final product.But, in order to realize sufficiently high brightness and contrast in the whole surface at liquid crystal indicator, preferably with any plane W more than 2 of the crest line direction quadrature of prism-like projection in satisfy above-mentioned (1) and (2).
The light intensity distributions of area source can obtain through the brightness of using commercially available brightness measuring device to measure area source.
As area source; Can use diffuser plate the full run-down type light source, used the peripheral type light source of LGP etc.; But in order to realize aforesaid light distribution characteristic, preferably use as shown in Figure 1, possess LGP 22 and peripheral type light source (area source 20) at the light supply apparatus 21 of the side of LGP 22 configuration.As LGP 22, for example can use the tabular or the wedge shape member that form by transparent resins such as acrylic resins.At the back side of LGP or serigraphy or etching, the injection processing of two sides through using printing ink added pattern.In addition, sometimes at the back side of LGP or the two sides constitute and have the small reflecting element of reflection function, small refracting element etc.The back side through suitably adjusting these LGPs or the shape or the element on two sides can obtain desired light distribution characteristic.More specifically; For example can utilize Toray Research Center Co., Ltd. periodical " state-of-the-art technology the 4th chapter of liquid crystal backlight ", CMC to publish the light supply apparatus of record in Co., Ltd.'s periodical " back light for liquid crystal display device technology the 2nd is compiled the 1st chapter, and the 4th compiles the 1st chapter " well.
As light supply apparatus 21, can use with point source of lights such as LED be arranged in wire light supply apparatus, comprise the light supply apparatus of bar-shaped light sources such as cold-cathode tube.In liquid crystal indicator of the present invention, area source can have 1 light supply apparatus on the one side that is disposed at LGP, perhaps is disposed at 2 light supply apparatuses on the relative both sides of LGP.
The peripheral type light source is possessed, light supply apparatus preferred disposition that point source of light is arranged in the light supply apparatus of wire or comprises bar-shaped light source becomes the parallel or almost parallel of crest line of the prism-like projection that is had with prismatic lens.Through configuration like this, the light that the peripheral type light source is sent utilizes prismatic lens quilt optically focused most effectively.
In liquid crystal indicator of the present invention,, can adopt known in the past suitable formation for the formation except that above-mentioned explanation.For example, liquid crystal indicator of the present invention can further possess light diffusing sheet, light diffusing sheet, reflecting plate etc.
Embodiment
Below, enumerate embodiment, further explain the present invention, but the present invention is not limited by these examples.
(make routine 1: the making of light polarizing film)
With average degree of polymerization be about 2400, saponification degree is that 99.9 moles more than the %, thickness are that the polyvinyl alcohol film of 75 μ m impregnated in 30 ℃ the pure water, then, in 30 ℃ of weight ratios that impregnated in iodine/potassium iodide/water are 0.02/2/100 the WS.Thereafter, in 56.5 ℃ of weight ratios that impregnated in potassium iodide/boric acid/water are 12/5/100 the WS.Then, after cleaning with 8 ℃ pure water, carry out drying in 65 ℃, obtain polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and be adsorbed with the light polarizing film that orientation takes place for iodine and iodine.Stretch and mainly in iodine staining and boric acid treatment procedures, carry out, total stretching ratio is 5.3 times.
(make routine 2: the modulation of ultraviolet-curing adhesive)
With the hydrogenated epoxy resin-trade name " EPIKOTEYX8000 " of japan epoxy resin Co., Ltd. system (is the diglycidyl ether of nuclear hydrogenation bisphenol-A; Epoxide equivalent with about 205g/ equivalent) light cationic polymerization initiators-trade name " CI5102 " 4.0g of 10.0g, Tso Tat Co., Ltd., Japan's system, and photosensitizer-trade name " CS7001 " 1.0g of Tso Tat Co., Ltd., Japan's system measure in the disposable cup of 100ml; Mix, deaeration, thereby be modulated into ultraviolet-curing adhesive.
(make routine 3: the making of prismatic lens 1)
The spacing of the prism-like projection after being designed to moulding in advance (cross sectional shape is an isosceles triangle) be 50 μ m, and drift angle be on 65 ° the mould, the acrylic resin of coating fusion, the pressurization of limit heating edge.Then, be cooled to 60 ℃ immediately after peeling off from mould, obtain the prismatic lens 1 that forms by acrylic resin.All prism-like projections all have the shape identical with design.The refractive index of prismatic lens 1 is 1.49.
(make routine 4: the making of prismatic lens 2)
The spacing of the prism-like projection after being designed to moulding in advance (cross sectional shape is an isosceles triangle) be 50 μ m, and prism vertex angle be on 65 ° the mould; Applying implenent is by the ultraviolet-curing resin composition of forming shown in following; After making its surface smoothing, be that the polyethylene terephthalate film of 188 μ m overlaps on the layer that is formed by ultraviolet-curing resin composition with thickness.Then, become 1000mJ/cm with the accumulative total exposure 2The mode illumination wavelength be the ultraviolet ray of 320~390nm, ultraviolet-curing resin composition is solidified.Through from mould peel off, obtain in polyethylene terephthalate film laminated have the prismatic lens 2 of the solidfied material layer of ultraviolet-curing resin composition with prism-like projection thereafter.All prism-like projections all have the shape identical with design.The refractive index of the prism-like projection of prismatic lens 2 is 1.54.
(composition of the ultraviolet-curing resin composition that in making example 4, uses)
FANCRYL FA-321M (Hitachi changes into corporate system oxirane modified bisphenol A methacrylate) 45 weight portions
NK ESTER A-BPE-4 (Xin Zhong village chemical company epoxy ethane modified bisphenol A diacrylate) 25 weight portions
Sartomer 285 (Sartomer corporate system tetrahydrofurfuryl acrylate) 30 weight portions
Darocur 1173 (Ciba corporate system 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenyl-propane-1-ketone) 3 weight portions
< embodiment 1 >
(A) making of polaroid
The one side of the light polarizing film that in making example 1, obtains, the prismatic lens 1 that will in making example 3, obtain are situated between as binding face with the face with its prism facets opposition side and are fitted by the ultraviolet-curing adhesive that in making example 2, obtains.In addition, at the another side of light polarizing film, the ultraviolet-curing adhesive applying tri acetyl cellulose membrane (80 μ m, Konica Minolta Opto Co., Ltd. system) that is situated between and obtains by in making example 2.Then, make it once, to obtain having the polaroid of good appearance with the ultraviolet lamp (UV-lamp uses " HAL400NL " with 80W, and irradiation distance is 50cm) of linear velocity 1.0m/min through Nippon Storage Battery Co., Ltd's system.Curable as the ultraviolet-curing adhesive of composition epoxy resin is good.In addition, with the adaptation of the gridiron pattern method evaluation prismatic lens of putting down in writing among the JIS K 5,400 1, the result is non-, and the gridiron pattern number of peeling off is 100/100 with respect to formed gridiron pattern number, demonstrates good adaptation.Outside surface at the tri acetyl cellulose membrane of this polaroid is provided with the layer that thickness is the acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive of 25 μ m.
(B) making of liquid crystal indicator
Above-mentioned polaroid is situated between is disposed at the back side of liquid crystal cells by the acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive layer, be assembled into liquid crystal panel at the commercially available polaroid of the former configuration of liquid crystal cells.The area source A (in Sony corporate system VAIO VGN-FE32B/W, using) of this liquid crystal panel and LGP mode (peripheral type light source) is made up and process liquid crystal indicator.With the demonstration of visualization liquid crystal indicator, the result sees bright image from the front, and visuognosis property is good.The light intensity distributions of the area source A that use EZContrast (ELDIM makes LX88W) measures is as shown in Figure 6.
< embodiment 2 >
The prismatic lens 2 that use obtains in manufacturing example 4 replaces making the prismatic lens 1 that obtains in the example 3, likewise makes polaroid with embodiment 1 in addition, then makes liquid crystal indicator.
With the demonstration of visualization liquid crystal indicator, the result sees bright image from the front, and visuognosis property is good.
< comparative example 1 >
Use the area source B (in the Flexscan of NANAO corporate system EV2411W-H, using) of LGP mode (peripheral type light source) to replace area source A, likewise make liquid crystal indicator with embodiment 1 in addition.With the demonstration of visualization liquid crystal indicator, the image that the result sees from the front is dark, and contrast is low, and visuognosis property is poor.The light intensity distributions of the area source B that measures with EZContrast (ELDIM makes LX88W) is as shown in Figure 7.
< comparative example 2 >
The prismatic lens 2 that use obtains in manufacturing example 4 replaces making the prismatic lens 1 that obtains in the example 3, likewise makes liquid crystal indicator with comparative example 1 in addition.With the demonstration of visualization liquid crystal indicator, the image that the result sees from the front is dark, and contrast is low, and visuognosis property is poor.
To reach by θ a, the θ b that the light intensity distributions of area source used in the foregoing description and the comparative example is tried to achieve | the visuognosis property evaluation result of the liquid crystal indicator of θ a-θ b| value and making is summarized in table 1.In the darkroom, measure the central portion of liquid crystal indicator from the front and try to achieve the brightness and the contrast of liquid crystal indicator with EZContrast (ELDIM makes LX88W).The light intensity distributions (Luminance Distribution) of the liquid crystal indicator of in embodiment 1 shown in Fig. 8 and Fig. 9 and comparative example 1, making.Should explain that "-" in " θ b " hurdle of table 1 be meant in the top of the maximum value of light intensity, in the scope of-80 °≤θ≤80 °, not have 1/2 the point that becomes maximum value.
[table 1]
Be to be understood that on being had a few, to be example unrestricted by this disclosed embodiment and embodiment.Scope of the present invention is represented by claims, rather than above-mentioned explanation, and the technical scheme that is equal to claims and all changes in the protection domain include in its scope.
Symbol description
1,2: polaroid
3: liquid crystal cells
10: liquid crystal panel
12: light polarizing film
13: prismatic lens
13a: prism projection
14,16: adhesive phase
15: resin molding
17: adhesive layer
20: area source
21: light supply apparatus
22: LGP
100: liquid crystal indicator
W: with the crest line direction plane orthogonal of prism-like projection
T: the normal direction of the light emergence face of area source
M: the ejaculation direction of the ejaculation light of area source
θ: the formed angle of ejaculation direction (ejaculation angle) of the ejaculation light of the normal direction of the light emergence face of area source and area source
P: the hypotenuse of prism-like projection
α: the drift angle of prism-like projection

Claims (5)

1. a liquid crystal indicator is made up of area source and liquid crystal panel, and said liquid crystal panel is disposed on the said area source and possesses liquid crystal cells and be laminated in the polaroid on the face of area source side of said liquid crystal cells,
Said polaroid possesses light polarizing film and prismatic lens, and said prismatic lens is situated between and is laminated in the surface of said light polarizing film and is had the surface that is made up of the prism-like projection by adhesive phase,
It is opposed that said prismatic lens is configured to said surface and the said area source that is made up of the prism-like projection,
Will with the crest line direction plane orthogonal of said prism-like projection in, when angle that the ejaculation direction of the ejaculation light of the normal direction of the light emergence face of said area source and said area source forms is made as and penetrates angle θ; The light intensity distributions of the dependent said area source of ejaculation angle of representing the light intensity of said ejaculation light satisfies following (1) and (2); Wherein,-90 ° of θ≤90 °
(1) in the scope of-80 ° of θ<-40 ° or 40 °<θ≤80 °, the maximum value of light intensity has the top,
When 1/2 the angle that the angle that (2) will show the light intensity maximum value in the said peak is made as θ a, will show light intensity maximum value in the said peak is made as θ b, satisfy following formula [1]:
|θa-θb|<30° [1]。
2. liquid crystal indicator according to claim 1, wherein, said area source comprises LGP and the light supply apparatus that is configured in the side of said LGP.
3. liquid crystal indicator according to claim 2, wherein, said light supply apparatus is that point source of light is arranged in the light supply apparatus of wire or comprises the light supply apparatus of bar-shaped light source,
Said light supply apparatus is configured to said prismatic lens: said light supply apparatus or almost parallel parallel with the crest line of said prism-like projection.
4. according to each described liquid crystal indicator in the claim 1~3, wherein, said light supply apparatus is configured in one side of said LGP or relative both sides.
5. according to each described liquid crystal indicator in the claim 1~4, wherein, the apex of said prism-like projection is more than 60 °.
CN2010800254065A 2009-06-12 2010-06-09 Liquid crystal display device Pending CN102460285A (en)

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JP2009140983A JP2010286701A (en) 2009-06-12 2009-06-12 Liquid crystal display
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PCT/JP2010/060148 WO2010143741A1 (en) 2009-06-12 2010-06-09 Liquid crystal display device

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