Powder inhaler
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of powder inhaler, more particularly, relate to the active suction apparatus of a kind of suitable trans-oral to the pulmonary delivery mealy medicine.
Background technology
The characteristics of powder inhaler are: with Foradil Aerolizer formoterol fumarate (DPI) form administration, medicine absorbs through pulmonary and the abundant down blood capillary of respiratory mucosa, and onset is very fast; People's lung surface is long-pending big, and the alveolar surface is by the simple epithelium cellularity, and medicine is through air. and the distance of blood exchange is short, and speed is fast; Administration does not have the effect of gastrointestinal tract enzymolysis, no first pass effect of hepar.Because enzymatic activity is lower; Thin and the membrane permeability advantages of higher of epithelium barrier; Thereby be particularly useful for protein and peptide drugs administration, beta-adrenaline antagonist, cholilytic drug, 17-hydroxy-11-dehydrocorticosterone, imitate small-molecule drugs such as anesthetis, migraine by force; And insulin, growth hormone, vaccine and new macromolecular drugs such as biological technology products also can be made into the pulmonary administration preparation, play part or whole body therapeutic effect.
The same MDI of DPI (quantitatively atomized inhalation) compares has tangible advantage: the patient initiatively sucks medicated powder, does not have administration coordinated problem; The non-freon propellant is avoided the pollution to atmospheric environment, and respiratory tract is not stimulated; Do not contain solvents such as ethanol and antiseptic, to pathological changes mucosa nonirritant; As solid dosage forms, be particularly suitable for polypeptide and protein drug; Do not receive the restriction of drug solubility, drug loading can be very high.
Clinical therapeutic effect directly depends on the difference of size, form, molecular weight, electric charge, moisture absorption of inside compound mode, the drug particles of delivery device etc.With regard to granular size; The drug particles of diameter 1~5 μ m is the most suitable, be referred to as to suck granule, greater than the granule of 5 μ m then the overwhelming majority be trapped within pars oralis pharyngis; Finally get in the body through swallowing; Though and can reach lower respiratory tract less than the granule of 0.5 μ m, when moisture was breathed, 90% microgranule excreted with expiration again.
In recent ten years; Because the rise of micronization technology such as spray drying, supercritical fluid; Multiple dose, require low novel doser to continue to bring out to gettering rate, DPI type and quantity increase rapidly, and applicable types of drugs extends to the active drug of treating each link of asthma by sodium cromoglicate originally; Develop into compound preparation by single preparations of ephedrine, just develop to antibiotic, protein and peptide drugs, genomic medicine and vaccine at present by single treatment asthma drug.
The powder inhaler kind is numerous, according to dosage can be divided into: single dose, depot multiple dose, multiple units dosage; Storing mode by medicine can be divided into: capsule-type, vesicle type, depot; Power resources by device can be divided into: suck air stream drives type, compressed air-driven type, battery motor-driven.
The shortcoming that powder inhaler commonly used now exists is: volume is bigger, carries inconvenience; Use comparatively trouble of operation, often need repairing; Drug residue is higher in the device; Except that single-dose type (as rotating inhaler etc.), all not reproducible use of all the other powder inhalers has caused the patient to repeat to buy suction apparatus, has increased the weight of the patient treatment expense, brings unnecessary financial burden to the patient.China is a large agricultural country, and the medical apparatus and instruments of expensive is difficult to obtain peasant and low-income group's approval, and this is not suitable for improving whole people's medical environment, wide popularization and application to popular current demand.The multiple dose type that uses at present (standard receive device etc.) with store dosage form (all protect etc.) problems such as powder inhaler also exists complex structure, cost is high, and used raw material is many, pollution is big.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of powder inhaler, and its goal of the invention is to solve the problem that exists in the above prior art.
Powder inhaler of the present invention comprises: open upper end forms the medicament suction portion of medicament suction inlet; The medicament through part, it is connected the below of medicament suction portion; Capsule is taken in maintaining part, and the below that it is located at the medicament through part is used to take in the capsule that keeps having filled mealy medicine; Capsule discrepancy portion, it is arranged to can pull out, push the drawer type that capsule is taken in maintaining part; Medicament is caught collection portion, and it is positioned at and is pushed into the below that capsule is taken in the capsule discrepancy portion of maintaining part, is used to catch, collect mealy medicine; The capsule gas supply part, it is caught collection portion with medicament and links to each other and be provided with one or more holes, is used for when sucking from the external world air supply in capsule; Air flow path, it is caught collection portion with medicament and is communicated with the hole, arrives the circulation path that medicament is caught collection portion thereby form outside air; Cutter, it is arranged on the both sides up and down of capsule holding part, and utilizes the action that pushes of capsule discrepancy portion, and is open-ended at the capsule of capsular axial both sides.
Preferably, in powder inhaler of the present invention, said capsule discrepancy portion is provided with and is used for dress and takes off capsular capsule dress and take off and use recess.
Preferably, in powder inhaler of the present invention, the drawer end of said capsule discrepancy portion contacts with the protuberance that is arranged at said capsule holding part, constitutes spacing said capsule discrepancy portion when pulling out said capsule discrepancy portion and the structure of not deviating from.
Preferably, in powder inhaler of the present invention, the protruding end of said capsule discrepancy portion and the contact surface of said capsule holding part connect, and constitute the spacing structure of blocking said capsule discrepancy portion when pushing said capsule discrepancy portion.
Preferably, in powder inhaler of the present invention, said medicament through part is provided with one or more tangential admission mouths.
Preferably, in powder inhaler of the present invention, it is the concavity pallet that said medicament is caught collection portion.
Preferably, in powder inhaler of the present invention, the inner chamber and the outer wall of said medicament suction portion are shaped as circle or ellipse.
Preferably, in powder inhaler of the present invention, said capsule gas supply part is caught the hole that collection portion is provided with 4 circles around said medicament.
According to powder inhaler of the present invention, it is easy to carry about with one, and is easy and simple to handle, and the capsule Emptying Rate is high, and is reusable, has advantage simple in structure, easy to process, cheap.
Description of drawings
With reference to accompanying drawing, it is clearer that characteristic of the present invention and advantage thereof will become, wherein:
Fig. 1 is the side view of an embodiment of expression powder inhaler of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the profile of an embodiment of expression powder inhaler of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is illustrated among Fig. 2, pulls out capsule discrepancy portion, has placed the profile of capsule state.
Fig. 4 is illustrated among Fig. 2, is pushing in the process of capsule holding part having placed capsular capsule discrepancy portion, and cutter is cutting off the profile of the state of capsule end.
Fig. 5 is illustrated among Fig. 2, and the capsule end is cut off by cutter, accomplishes perforate, the medicament in the capsule catch to medicament collect under the clan, the profile of adverse current state.
Fig. 6 representes that medicament is seen off capsule, the profile of the state that sucks through after initiatively sucking air-flow.
The specific embodiment
Specific embodiments of the invention is described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.These specific embodiment are preferred version of the present invention, are not construed as limiting the invention.
Specify one embodiment of the present of invention based on Fig. 1~Fig. 6.Fig. 1 is the side view of the embodiment of powder inhaler of the present invention, and Fig. 2 is the side cut away view of the powder inhaler of expression present embodiment.
Can find out that from Fig. 1~2 powder inhaler 10 comprises substantially: be used for mouth and receive the medicament suction portion 20 that sucks medicament, its open upper end forms medicament suction inlet 21; Medicament through part 50, it is connected with medicament suction portion 20, at these medicament through part 50 places one or more tangential admission mouths 51 can be set; Capsule is taken in maintaining part 30, and it is positioned at medicament through part 50 belows, is used to take in the capsule K that keeps having filled mealy medicine; Capsule discrepancy portion 40, it is arranged to pull out and pushes the drawer type that capsule is taken in maintaining part 30, is provided with the capsule dress that is used to block the capsule K that packs in this capsule discrepancy portion 40 and takes off with recess 41; Medicament is caught collection portion 32, and the below that it is positioned at the capsule discrepancy portion 40 that is pushed into is used to catch the collection mealy medicine; Capsule gas supply part 60, it is caught collection portion 32 with medicament and links to each other, and is provided with one or more holes 61, is used for the air supply to capsule K; Air flow path 31, it is positioned at that medicament is caught the top of collection portion 32 and catches collection portion 32 with this medicament and hole 61 is communicated with, and is used to form outside air and gets into the circulation of air path that medicament is caught collection portion 32; Cutter 70A, 70B, it is positioned at the both sides up and down that capsule is taken in maintaining part 30, utilizes the action that pushes of capsule discrepancy portion 40, capsule end KA, KB opening in the axial both sides of capsule K.
Particularly, as shown in Figure 2, the inner chamber of medicament suction portion 20 and outer wall shape can be for circular or oval.Medicament is caught the axial downside (air inflow side) that collection portion 32 is positioned at capsule K, and is constructed to the concavity pallet, be used to catch, collect from capsule K fall, the mealy medicine of adverse current.Capsule gas supply part 60 is caught the hole 61 that collection portion 32 is provided with 4 circles around medicament, as supplying with the inlet that air flows in the capsule.Air flow path 31 is positioned at medicament and catches collection portion 32 tops, and the one of which end stretches into medicament a little and catches in the collection portion 32, and this air flow path 31 and medicament are caught and also maintained certain clearance between the collection portion 32.
As shown in Figure 3, capsule discrepancy portion 40 has the capsule dress and takes off with recess 41 in the come unstuck position of capsule K of dress, and when being drawn out, taking off with recess 41 through the capsule dress and to block capsule K in capsule discrepancy portion 40, thus installation capsule K.The capsule end KA of the axial both sides of capsule K, KB take off with 41 liang of recesses side-prominent from this capsule dress respectively.This capsule discrepancy portion 40 can be at relative capsule K axially (i.e. above-below direction among the figure) transversely be drawn out and push capsule holding part 30.
Drawer end 43 through capsule discrepancy portion 40 contacts with the protuberance that is arranged on capsule holding part 30 34, constitutes when pulling out capsule discrepancy portion 40 to carry out spacing the capsule portion 40 of coming in and going out and structure that do not deviate from.In addition; When pushing capsule holding part 30 to capsule discrepancy portion 40; Because protruding end 42A, the 42B of capsule discrepancy portion 40 contact with the contact surface 33 of capsule holding part 30, formation this capsule discrepancy portion 40 when pushing capsule discrepancy portion 40 is blocked and spacing structure.
The powder inhaler of present embodiment such as above-mentioned formation.Below, based on Fig. 3~Fig. 5, the action when capsule K is described by perforate.
At first, as shown in Figure 3, place capsule K the capsule dress of capsule discrepancy portion 40 to take off with in the recess 41, promote the capsule discrepancy end surface 44 of capsule discrepancy portion 40, push capsule discrepancy portion 40 in the capsule holding part 30.
And then; As shown in Figure 4; Get into capsule holding part 30 along with the capsule dress that places capsule discrepancy portion 40 takes off with the capsule K in the recess 41, utilize be positioned at capsule holding part 30, at cutter 70A, the 70B of the axial axial both sides of transversely being located at capsule K respectively of relative capsule K, capsule end KA, the KB of the axial both sides of cut-out capsule K; Like this, capsule K is at its axial two STHs.
Continue to promote the capsule discrepancy end surface 44 of capsule discrepancy portion 40; Contact with the contact surface 33 of capsule holding part through protruding end 42A, 42B; The capsule K that has accomplished perforate in axial both sides is done and sends into; This capsule K connection this moment medicament is accommodated maintaining part 30, capsule gas supply part 60, medicament through part 50 and medicament suction portion 20, thereby forms path, accomplishes the preparation before sucking.
At this moment, as shown in Figure 5, although because the existence of air flow path 31 makes is fallen by the medicament in the capsule K of perforate in axial both sides, these medicaments are caught collection portion 32 by the medicament of lower end and are caught collection.
Below, the action when user sucks medicament is described after capsule K is carried out perforate based on Fig. 6.Arrow among Fig. 6 has been indicated air-flow direction.
At first, user was breathed out and the emptying pulmonary air before using powder inhaler 10 as possible, and the medicament suction portion 20 of powder inhaler 10 is stretched in the user mouth, and the user mouth is received this medicament suction portion 20 that contains.Secondly, as shown in Figure 6, the user FI; Thus, collection portion 32 caught by medicament suction portion 20, medicament through part 50, capsule K inside, medicament and capsule gas supply part 60 forms negative pressure, and portion of air gets into through capsule gas supply part 60; Pass air flow path 31 arrival medicaments and catch collection portion 32; Kick up mealy medicine this moment, and mealy medicine gets into capsule K with sucking air-flow, further gets into medicament through part 50.
In addition, portion of air gets into medicament through part 50 internal cavities through two tangential admission mouths 51 of medicament through part 50.Because medicament through part 50 is shorter to the distance of medicament suction inlet 21 than capsule gas supply part 60 to the distance of medicament suction inlet 21, therefore before mealy medicine gets into medicament through part 50, form the vortex shape turbulent flow in its internal cavities earlier.When mealy medicine gets into medicament through part 50; Mealy medicine is able to better atomizing along with the vortex shape ascending air disperses, and enters into medicament suction portion 20 (if mealy medicine carrier model; Along with the vortex shape air-flow; Under centrifugal action, owing to receive different centrifugal force, the less medicine of quality separates from the bigger carrier surface of quality medicine with carrier; If mealy medicine no-load build, under turbulent effect, accumulative medicine is able to depolymerization again, thereby atomizing disperses).
Sucking under the air-flow effect, mealy medicine is inhaled in the oral cavity along medicament suction portion 20, and trans-oral is delivered to pulmonary.
In the powder inhaler of present embodiment; Owing to place capsule K the capsule dress of capsule discrepancy portion 40 to take off,, be utilized in cutter 70A, the 70B of the axial both sides of being located at capsule K in the capsule holding part 30 in the horizontal along with pushing capsule discrepancy portion in the capsule holding part 30 with in the recess 41; Cut off capsule end KA, the KB of the axial both sides of capsule K; Thus, at axial two STHs of capsule K, therefore; Only need just can accomplish accommodating and perforate of capsule K with the less action that is housed in capsule K powder inhaler 10.The perforate that need not as prior art, worry to be separated into monomer and cause is lost with lid and point, in addition, also can in capsule K perforate, not accomplish inhalation really and prepare owing to forgetting that the perforate action causes the inhalation failure.
In addition, because at capsule holding part 30, be provided with in air flow path 31 lower ends and catch that collection falls, the medicament of the mealy medicine of adverse current is caught collection portion 32 from capsule K, thereby mealy medicine is caught collection portion 32 by medicament and caught, collects when perforate.Be stored in medicament and catch the medicament of collection portion 32 and air flow path 31, transport through initiatively sucking air-flow, can be admitted to the oral cavity of user with the mealy medicine in the capsule K, trans-oral is delivered to pulmonary.Thereby can realize being undertaken administration to the medicament of filling in the capsule K by ormal weight.
Though above combine accompanying drawing to describe in detail according to powder inhaler of the present invention; But foregoing description is also nonrestrictive; Those skilled in the art can carry out suitable change to this powder inhaler on the basis of above-mentioned disclosure; For example change employed material, change some detailed structure etc., but this also all drops within protection scope of the present invention.