CN102658083A - Modified sludge activated carbon for removing multiple heavy metals in sewage and sludge simultaneously - Google Patents
Modified sludge activated carbon for removing multiple heavy metals in sewage and sludge simultaneously Download PDFInfo
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- CN102658083A CN102658083A CN2012101327100A CN201210132710A CN102658083A CN 102658083 A CN102658083 A CN 102658083A CN 2012101327100 A CN2012101327100 A CN 2012101327100A CN 201210132710 A CN201210132710 A CN 201210132710A CN 102658083 A CN102658083 A CN 102658083A
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- sodium alginate
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Abstract
The invention discloses modified sludge activated carbon for removing multiple heavy metals in sewage and sludge simultaneously. The modified sludge activated carbon comprises the following components in percent by weight: 0.01-13.00wt% of sodium alginate and 87.00-99.99wt% of sludge. The modified sludge activated carbon is prepared by the following steps of: (1) preparing sodium alginate solution; (2) preparing sludge activated carbon; and (3) preparing the sodium alginate modified sludge activated carbon. The modified sludge activated carbon adopts the natural high-molecular material sodium alginate to modify sludge activated carbon for the first time and can be used for removing multiple heavy metals in sewage and sludge simultaneously.
Description
Technical field
The invention relates to that sewage sludge handles, relate in particular to a kind of modified sewage sludge absorbent charcoal of removing various heavy in the sewage sludge simultaneously.
Background technology
Municipal sludge is the solid waste that produces in city domestic sewage, the Industrial Wastewater Treatment process, is the regular product of municipal sewage plant.Contain elements such as abundant organic nutrition composition nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium in the municipal sludge; The concentration of fertilizer is generally 60-70%, its content is higher than farm manure, be fertilize the soil, improve the soil, good material that afforestation is built, but also contain parasitic ovum and harmful substances such as pathogenic microorganism and heavy metal in the mud; Especially the proportion of industrial wastewater is bigger in China's sewage; The content of heavy metal is higher in the Gucheng city mud, the content severe overweight of some heavy metal, and cumulative effect can take place in heavy metal element; Migration transforms and biology transmits and harm ecological environment and people's life and health; As do not deal carefully with, discharging will produce serious secondary pollution to environment arbitrarily.
Developed countries such as America and Europe are in the construction of sewage treatment plant, and the investment that municipal sludge is handled, disposed accounts for the 50-70% of gross investment, and China has only 20-50%.Along with the quickening of Urbanization in China and to the pay attention to day by day of environmental protection, the quantity of municipal sewage plant increases sharply, and there is a sharp increase in output to cause sewage sludge.It is estimated that at present the annual sludge discharged amount in China municipal sewage plant (dry weight) is approximately 1,300,000 tons, and annual growth is greater than 10%, particularly in Chinese Urbanization level higher several cities and area, the sewage sludge problem of outlet is very outstanding.
Conventional processing and the disposal options of city sewage and sludge mainly contains: sludge composting, sludge digestion, mud landfill, sludge incineration and mud are filled out sea etc.But these disposal options all are difficult to remove the heavy metal in the sewage sludge.Therefore, effectively reduce total metals in the city sewage and sludge, be directly connected to following sound development of municipal sewage treatment and the protection of ecological environment.
In recent years, both at home and abroad the research of removing heavy metal in the sewage sludge is all attached great importance to, this has been carried out a large amount of research, obtained some important achievements in research.But utilize the heavy metal in the absorption method sewage sludge, all have application promise in clinical practice from efficient and environmental safety aspect, the research of this respect is reported seldom at present.This mainly is because sorbing material has selectivity usually, various heavy is difficult to remove simultaneously, and regeneration efficiency is not high, thereby has increased processing cost.
The inventor leaches at active sludge carbon heavy metal free after the natural macromolecular material modification that discovering of early stage made by the solid waste sewage sludge.Therefore, the reply active sludge carbon carries out reasonably modification, thereby preparation can be removed the environmentally friendly active sludge carbon of various heavy in the sewage sludge simultaneously in the total metals in reducing city sewage and sludge.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is sorbing material to prior art; Be difficult to remove simultaneously the deficiency of various heavy in the sewage sludge; The present invention adopts the sodium alginate-modified active sludge carbon of natural macromolecular material first, with realization various heavy in the sewage sludge is removed simultaneously.
The present invention is achieved through following technical proposals.
Be used for removing simultaneously the modified sewage sludge absorbent charcoal of sewage sludge various heavy, its raw material components and weight percent content thereof are: sodium alginate 0.01～13.00wt%, mud 87.00～99.99wt%.
The above-mentioned preparation method who is used for removing simultaneously the modified sewage sludge absorbent charcoal of sewage sludge various heavy, step is following:
1. prepare sodium alginate soln
2.00～4.50g sodium alginate is dissolved in the ionized water, stirs 10～24h, process the sodium alginate homogeneous solution of 2.0～4.5wt%, remove by filter not tolerant and impurity, carry out deaeration again, obtain sodium alginate soln;
2. prepare active sludge carbon
Dewatered sludge is put into retort, 200～800 ℃ of following charings, adopt the nitrogen secluding air, nitrogen flow is 10～100L/h, and the rate of heat addition is controlled at 5～35 ℃/min, and charing 0.5～4h makes carbonized material; Again with the carbonized material that makes 200～1000 ℃ of following activation, adopting flow is the water vapour of 10～100L/h, the rate of heat addition is controlled at 5～35 ℃/min, activation 0.5～4h makes active sludge carbon;
3. prepare sodium alginate-modified active sludge carbon
In the sodium alginate soln for preparing, under the stirring at room, add clean granular sludge active carbon; Carry out blend 5～8h; The mixing quality ratio of control active sludge carbon and sodium alginate is 1: 100～15: 100, and sodium alginate progressively load on absorbent charcoal based surface is filtered then; Place air to dry the active sludge carbon of load sodium alginate, promptly get modified sewage sludge absorbent charcoal after drying.
Said step preferred preparation sodium alginate soln scheme 1. is: sodium alginate 2.60g is dissolved in the deionized water of 100mL, stirs 15h, processes the homogeneous solution of 2.53wt%.
The preferred version of said step preparation active sludge carbon 2. is: 400 ℃ of carbonization temperatures, carbonization time 1h; 500 ℃ of activation temperatures, soak time 1h.
The preferred version of the said step sodium alginate-modified active sludge carbon of preparation 3. is: blend 6h, the mixing quality ratio of control active sludge carbon and sodium alginate is 7: 100.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows, use sodium alginate-modified active sludge carbon first, and use it for and remove various heavy in the sewage sludge simultaneously.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the ESEM shape appearance figure of the active sludge carbon of prior art;
Fig. 2 is the ESEM shape appearance figure of the embodiment of the invention 2 modified sewage sludge absorbent charcoals.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment the present invention is further described.
The used sewage sludge of raw material of the present invention is from sewage treatment plant.
Embodiment 1
1. prepare sodium alginate soln
The 2.00g sodium alginate is dissolved in the ionized water, stirs 10h, process the sodium alginate homogeneous solution of 2.0wt%, remove by filter not tolerant and impurity, carry out deaeration again, obtain sodium alginate soln;
2. prepare active sludge carbon
Dewatered sludge is put into retort, 200 ℃ of following charings, adopt the nitrogen secluding air, nitrogen flow is 50L/h, and the rate of heat addition is controlled at 5 ℃/min, and charing 4h makes carbonized material.Again with the carbonized material that makes 1000 ℃ of following activation, adopting flow is the water vapour of 100L/h, the rate of heat addition is controlled at 15 ℃/min, activation 0.5h makes active sludge carbon.
3. prepare sodium alginate-modified active sludge carbon
In the sodium alginate soln for preparing, add clean granular sludge active carbon under the stirring at room; Carry out blend 5h; The mixing quality ratio of control active sludge carbon and sodium alginate is 1: 100, and sodium alginate progressively load on absorbent charcoal based surface is filtered then; Place air to dry the active sludge carbon of load sodium alginate, dry and promptly get active sludge carbon base sodium alginate.
The detection of heavy metal removal effect in the sewage sludge of embodiment 1:
1. the collection of mud sample and preparation
Gather the dewatered sludge sample (moisture content is 96%) of Various Seasonal from Sewage Plant, with its natural air drying, sample is crossed 80 mesh sieves, is placed in the drier subsequent use.
2. measure the sludge heavy-metal elemental composition
The mud sample that takes a morsel utilizes energy dispersion xrf analysis appearance (EDXRF) to confirm that the main heavy metal element composition of mud is Pb, Cr, Cd, Zn, Cu.
3. measure the concentration of heavy metal in the sewage sludge
In fume hood, in counteracting tank, add to grind sample 1 and the 10 ± 0.1ml red fuming nitric acid (RFNA) that 80 mesh sieves are crossed in the back successively, first weighing counteracting tank is accurate to 0.001g, clears up on the stove rotating disk and clears up counteracting tank being put into closed microwave.Each group sample microwave radiation 10min, the temperature of each sample is raised to 175 ℃ in 5min, in the radiated time inner equilibrium of 10min to 170-180 ℃.After clearing up EP (end of program), behind the counteracting tank cool to room temperature, weigh, the weight of noting each jar is opened the lid of counteracting tank in fume hood, discharges gas wherein.Sample is carried out centrifugal 10min (rotating speed is 2000-3000rpm), filter, will clear up product again and be diluted to known volume, clear up back constant volume 25ml, analyze the concentration α of every heavy metal species with Atomic Absorption Spectrometer
0
4. sodium alginate-modified active sludge carbon is to the removal of heavy metal in the sewage sludge
Get the 100mL solid content and be adjusted to 4%w/w) sewage sludge in the 250mL conical flask; Regulate the pH value, drop into sodium alginate-modified active sludge carbon again and make mixed liquor, vibrate under the uniform temperature; Take out the mixed liquor suction filtration; Isolate modified sewage sludge absorbent charcoal, the centrifugation of will filtrating again is with isolated solid drying.
The solid that accurate weighing centrifugalizes out carries out micro-wave digestion, uses every heavy metal species concentration α in the atomic absorption spectroscopy solid at last
i
α wherein
0-heavy metal concentration mg/L in the mud before removing
α
i-heavy metal concentration mg/L in the mud after removing
Calculate heavy metal Pb in the mud
2+, Cu
2+, Cd
2+, Cr
6+, Zn
2+Clearance, see table 1 for details.
Table 1 modified sewage sludge absorbent charcoal is to removal rate of heavy metal in the sewage sludge
Embodiment 2
1. prepare sodium alginate soln
2.60 sodium alginates are dissolved in the ionized water, stir 15h, process the sodium alginate homogeneous solution of 2.53wt%, remove by filter not tolerant and impurity, carry out deaeration again, obtain sodium alginate soln;
2. prepare active sludge carbon
Dewatered sludge is put into retort, 400 ℃ of following charings, adopt the nitrogen secluding air, nitrogen flow is 100L/h, and the rate of heat addition is controlled at 15 ℃/min, and charing 1h makes carbonized material.Again with the carbonized material that makes 500 ℃ of following activation, adopting flow is the water vapour of 50L/h, the rate of heat addition is controlled at 35 ℃/min, activation 1h makes active sludge carbon.
3. prepare sodium alginate-modified active sludge carbon
In the sodium alginate soln for preparing, add clean granular sludge active carbon under the stirring at room; Carry out blend 6h; The mixing quality ratio of control active sludge carbon and sodium alginate is 7: 100, and sodium alginate progressively load on absorbent charcoal based surface is filtered then; Place air to dry the active sludge carbon of load sodium alginate, dry and promptly get active sludge carbon base sodium alginate.
The detection step of heavy metal removal effect is same as embodiment 1 in the sewage sludge of embodiment 2, heavy metal Pb in the mud that is calculated by testing result
2+, Cu
2+, Cd
2+, Cr
6+, Zn
2+Clearance, see table 2 for details.
Table 2 modified sewage sludge absorbent charcoal is to removal rate of heavy metal in the sewage sludge
Fig. 1 is the active sludge carbon ESEM shape appearance figure of prior art.Visible by Fig. 1, the surfacing of active sludge carbon formed uniform aperture, but the aperture is bigger.Fig. 2 is embodiment 2 modified sewage sludge absorbent charcoal ESEM shape appearance figures.Visible by Fig. 2, the surface of the active sludge carbon sodium alginate particle that distributing has widely reduced the aperture of active sludge carbon.
Embodiment 3
1. prepare sodium alginate soln
The 4.50g sodium alginate is dissolved in the ionized water, stirs 24h, process the sodium alginate homogeneous solution of 4.5wt%, remove by filter not tolerant and impurity, carry out deaeration again, obtain sodium alginate soln;
2. prepare active sludge carbon
Dewatered sludge is put into retort, 800 ℃ of following charings, adopt the nitrogen secluding air, nitrogen flow is 10L/h, and the rate of heat addition is controlled at 35 ℃/min, and charing 0.5h makes carbonized material.Again with the carbonized material that makes 200 ℃ of following activation, adopting flow is the water vapour of 10L/h, the rate of heat addition is controlled at 5 ℃/min, activation 4h makes active sludge carbon.
3. prepare sodium alginate-modified active sludge carbon
In the sodium alginate soln for preparing, add clean granular sludge active carbon under the stirring at room; Carry out blend 8h; The mixing quality ratio of control active sludge carbon and sodium alginate is 15: 100, and sodium alginate progressively load on absorbent charcoal based surface is filtered then; Place air to dry the active sludge carbon of load sodium alginate, dry and promptly get active sludge carbon base sodium alginate.
The detection step of heavy metal removal effect is same as embodiment 1 in the sewage sludge of embodiment 3, heavy metal Pb in the mud that is calculated by testing result
2+, Cu
2+, Cd
2+, Cr
6+, Zn
2+Clearance, see table 3 for details.
Table 3 modified sewage sludge absorbent charcoal is to removal rate of heavy metal in the sewage sludge
Claims (5)
1. modified sewage sludge absorbent charcoal that is used for removing simultaneously the sewage sludge various heavy, its raw material components and weight percent content thereof are: sodium alginate 0.01～13.00wt%, mud 87.00～99.99wt%.
2. the preparation method of modified sewage sludge absorbent charcoal who is used for removing simultaneously the sewage sludge various heavy of claim 1, step is following:
1. prepare sodium alginate soln
2.00～4.50g sodium alginate is dissolved in the ionized water, stirs 10～24h, process the sodium alginate homogeneous solution of 2.0～4.5wt%, remove by filter not tolerant and impurity, carry out deaeration again, obtain sodium alginate soln;
2. prepare active sludge carbon
Dewatered sludge is put into retort, 200～800 ℃ of following charings, adopt the nitrogen secluding air, nitrogen flow is 10～100L/h, and the rate of heat addition is controlled at 5～35 ℃/min, and charing 0.5～4h makes carbonized material; Again with the carbonized material that makes 200～1000 ℃ of following activation, adopting flow is the water vapour of 10～100L/h, the rate of heat addition is controlled at 5～35 ℃/min, activation 0.5～4h makes active sludge carbon.
3. prepare sodium alginate-modified active sludge carbon
In the sodium alginate soln for preparing, under the stirring at room, add clean granular sludge active carbon; Carry out blend 5～8h; The mixing quality ratio of control active sludge carbon and sodium alginate is 1: 100～15: 100, and sodium alginate progressively load on absorbent charcoal based surface is filtered then; Place air to dry the active sludge carbon of load sodium alginate, promptly get modified sewage sludge absorbent charcoal after drying.
3. according to the preparation method of modified sewage sludge absorbent charcoal who is used for removing simultaneously the sewage sludge various heavy of claim 2; It is characterized in that; Said step preferred preparation sodium alginate soln scheme 1. is: sodium alginate 2.60g is dissolved in the deionized water of 100mL; Stir 15h, process the homogeneous solution of 2.53wt%.
4. according to the preparation method of modified sewage sludge absorbent charcoal who is used for removing simultaneously the sewage sludge various heavy of claim 2, it is characterized in that the preferred version of said step preparation active sludge carbon 2. is: 400 ℃ of carbonization temperatures, carbonization time 1h; 500 ℃ of activation temperatures, soak time 1h.
5. according to the preparation method of modified sewage sludge absorbent charcoal who is used for removing simultaneously the sewage sludge various heavy of claim 2; It is characterized in that; The preferred version of the said step sodium alginate-modified active sludge carbon of preparation 3. is: blend 6h, the mixing quality ratio of control active sludge carbon and sodium alginate is 7: 100.
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Cited By (6)
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| CN102936012A (en) * | 2012-12-05 | 2013-02-20 | 东南大学 | Method for preparing activated carbon with sludge serving as raw material |
| CN106244161A (en) * | 2016-07-29 | 2016-12-21 | 张凯悦 | A kind of mirex Contaminated Sewage Sludge inorganic agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN108358202A (en) * | 2018-05-07 | 2018-08-03 | 句容市兴武包装有限公司 | A method of preparing activated carbon using deinking sludge |
| CN109092249A (en) * | 2018-10-08 | 2018-12-28 | 东北农业大学 | A kind of preparation method of the non-sintered magnetized sludge carbon paramagnetic carrier for reinforced sewage biological treatment |
| CN112876008A (en) * | 2021-04-22 | 2021-06-01 | 东莞理工学院 | IC + A/O treatment process for nitrogen and phosphorus removal of sugarcane sugar production wastewater |
| CN116099509A (en) * | 2023-01-13 | 2023-05-12 | 安徽工业大学 | Sodium alginate/gelatin biochar multi-element composite material, preparation method and method for treating cadmium in water body |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102936012A (en) * | 2012-12-05 | 2013-02-20 | 东南大学 | Method for preparing activated carbon with sludge serving as raw material |
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| CN109092249B (en) * | 2018-10-08 | 2021-08-27 | 东北农业大学 | Preparation method of sintering-free magnetized sludge carbon paramagnetic carrier for sewage enhanced biological treatment |
| CN112876008A (en) * | 2021-04-22 | 2021-06-01 | 东莞理工学院 | IC + A/O treatment process for nitrogen and phosphorus removal of sugarcane sugar production wastewater |
| CN116099509A (en) * | 2023-01-13 | 2023-05-12 | 安徽工业大学 | Sodium alginate/gelatin biochar multi-element composite material, preparation method and method for treating cadmium in water body |
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