CN102758689B - Ultra-supercritical air energy storage/release system - Google Patents
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/16—Mechanical energy storage, e.g. flywheels or pressurised fluids
Abstract
The invention discloses an ultra-supercritical air energy storage/release system, which is a novel large-scale energy storage system and relates to an energy storage technology, namely, air is compressed into an ultra-supercritical state by using off-peak electricity of a power station, heat is compression is stored simultaneously, air is cooled by using an expansion engine and simultaneously expansion work is recovered to improve the efficiency, and the ultra-supercritical air is cooled, liquefied and stored by using stored cold energy; and liquid air is pressurized and absorbs heat to reach an ultra-supercritical state at the power utilization peak and further absorb heat of compression for power generation by a turbo-generator. The ultra-supercritical air energy storage/release system disclosed by the invention has the advantages of high energy density, high efficiency, no limitation by energy storage cycle and geological conditions, suitability for various power stations, environmental friendliness, capability of recovering intermediate-temperature and low-temperature waste heat and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to energy storing technology field, particularly a kind of extensive air energy storage/release system based on ultra supercritical process.
Background technique
Power energy storage technology is the important means adjusting electrical network peak valley at present, improve power system economy and stability, being one of most important bottleneck that restriction is unstable, step renewable energy sources utilizes on a large scale, is also the key technology of distributed energy and intelligent grid.Existing power energy storage technology comprises pumped storage power station, pressurized air, storage battery, superconduction magnetic energy, flywheel and electric capacity etc. at present.But due to reasons such as capacity, energy storage cycle, energy density, efficiency for charge-discharge, life-span, operating cost, environmental protection, only draw water power station and the pressurized air two kinds that have run in large scale business system at present.
Conventional compression air energy storage systems is a kind of energy-storage system based on gas turbine technology exploitation.At low power consumption, air pressure is contractd and is stored in gas storage chamber, make electric energy conversion be that the interior of air can store; In peak of power consumption, high-pressure air discharges from gas storage chamber, enters gas-turbine combustion chamber and burns together with fuel, then drive turbine power generation.Compressed-air energy-storage system has that stored energy capacitance is comparatively large, the energy storage cycle is long, efficiency is high (50% ~ 70%) and the advantage such as specific investment cost is relatively little, but, conventional compression air energy storage systems is not an independently technology, it must support the use with turbine power plant, other types can not be applicable to, as power stations such as coal fired power plant, nuclear power station, wind energy and solar energy, be not suitable for China especially based on coal fired power generation, do not advocate the energy strategy of gas fuel generating.And, compressed-air energy-storage system still relies on combustion of fossil fuels and provides thermal source, face on the one hand fossil fuel to peter out and the threat of rise in price, its burning still produces the pollutants such as nitride, sulphide and carbon dioxide on the other hand, does not meet green (zero-emission), reproducible energy development requirement.More fatal, because energy storage density is low, compressed-air energy-storage system also needs specific geographical conditions to build large-scale gas storage chamber, as rock cavity, Yan Dong, abandoned mine etc., thus greatly limit the application area of compressed-air energy-storage system.
For solving the subject matter that conventional compression air energy storage systems faces, particularly to the Dependence Problem of gas turbine, recent years, Chinese scholars carried out the compressed-air energy-storage system (AACAES), air vapor combined cycle compressed-air energy-storage system (CASH) etc. of ground compressed-air energy-storage system (SVCAES), band backheat respectively, made compressed-air energy-storage system substantially can depart from combustion of fossil fuel thermal source.But owing to not adopting fossil fuel heat sources, the energy density of compressed-air energy-storage system is lower, has more highlighted and has relied on large-scale gas storage chamber, and efficiency is also not high enough simultaneously, rational solution must be found, air energy storage systems just can be made to obtain more extensively and effectively utilize.
In recent years, Chinese scholars has developed supercritical air energy storage system, and it utilizes the character under the super critical condition of air, solves the major technology bottleneck that the energy storage of conventional compression air exists.But working pressure is not high, the large occupation of land of reservoir vessel volume is many problem that supercritical air energy storage system still exists, and the irreversible loss that supercritical air is liquefied by throttle valve is larger, system flow is reasonable not, Energy harvesting is insufficient, causes system effectiveness lower (approximately only having about 65%).
The present invention proposes a kind of ultra-supercritical air energy storage/release system, promotes the performance of supercritical air energy storage system further.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is open a kind of ultra-supercritical air energy storage/release system, it is novel air energy-storage system, utilize character and the system flow innovation of air under ultra supercritical state, promote supercritical air energy storage system performance, be suitable for supporting the use of all kinds power station and electrical network energy storage.Under ultra supercritical condition, air density can reach more than 820 times of normal gaseous state, significantly reduces flask volume.After using the combination of decompressor or decompressor and throttle valve, effectively can utilize the pressure energy of gas, realize the comprehensive cascade utilization of high-grade energy, be conducive to improving system liquid rate simultaneously, reduce extraneous cold magnitude of recruitment, thus significantly improve system effectiveness.
For achieving the above object, technical solution of the present invention is:
Ultra-supercritical air energy storage/release system comprises compressor bank, accumulation of heat/heat exchanger, cold-storage/heat exchanger, decompressor, low-temperature storage tank, valve, cryopump, turbines, generator, driver element and many pipelines.The remarkable difference of it and overcritical compressed-air energy-storage system is that parameter is higher, replace throttle valve with the combination of decompressor or decompressor and throttle valve simultaneously, the energy density of system and efficiency are increased dramatically.
Compressor bank of the present invention comprises at least two low pressure compressors, at least one high pressure compressor, mutual series connection or be integrated into overall multistage compressor, each low pressure compressor entrance connects air-source, compression system connects at least one decompressor to reduce gas temperature, improve system effectiveness, the outlet access throttle valve of decompressor is lowered the temperature a little and can be realized liquefaction, and decompressor can be piston type, centrifugal, axial flow and combined type, the type of decompressor and number of units viewing system parameter and determine; Decompressor and compressor can be designed to coaxial combination, and also can be connected by gearbox provides compression power, thus improves system effectiveness and Economy.System layout is as follows:
Low pressure compressor is connected with accumulation of heat/heat exchanger through pipeline respectively through pipeline, high pressure compressor; High-pressure air after store compressed heat enters after cold-storage heat-exchanger cooling through pipeline and enters the further decrease temperature and pressure post liquefaction of decompressor and enter low-temperature storage tank through pipeline, and in pipeline, be provided with valve, at least one cryopump, valve is positioned at cryopump upstream; Cold-storage/heat exchanger bottom is provided with deslagging pipeline and exhaust line; Accumulation of heat/heat exchanger interlinks with high-pressure turbine, low-pressure turbine respectively through pipeline.
Its workflow is: during energy storage, utilizes drive unit drives combined type compressor bank, and by a certain amount of air compressing to ultra supercritical state, the heat of compression of every grade is recovered and is stored in accumulation of heat/heat exchanger; Then the ultra-supercritical air of certain parameter enters in cold-storage/heat exchanger and cools, then changes liquid air into through expansion unit expansion decrease temperature and pressure and enter low-temperature storage tank and store, and discharges after the air that do not liquefy of part enters cold-storage heat-exchanger by pipeline; When releasing energy, cryopump liquid towards air pressurized is to ultra-supereritical pressure, high-pressure liquid air is warming up to ultra supercritical state and reclaims cold energy in cold-storage/heat exchanger, in accumulation of heat/heat exchanger, absorb the heat of compression makes ultra-supercritical air heat up further, then enter the turbines expansion work that high pressure turbine and low-pressure turbine form, drive electrical generators generates electricity.
Described ultra-supercritical air energy storage/release system, driver element described in it is with electrical network or conventional power plant trough-electricity, nuclear power, wind-powered electricity generation, solar electrical energy generation, biomass power generation, water power or tidal power generation one or more motors driven for power supply wherein.
Described ultra-supercritical air energy storage/release system, its thermal energy storage process is enabled when electric power low ebb, renewable energy sources are rationed the power supply or the quality of power supply does not meet internet access request; Exoergic process is enabled when peak of power consumption, electric power accident, renewable energy power generation fluctuation.
Described ultra-supercritical air energy storage/release system, its compression process comprises at least one decompressor, for making pressurized air decrease temperature and pressure be convenient to liquefy and reclaim expansion work, improves system effectiveness.
Described ultra-supercritical air energy storage/release system, described in it, accumulation of heat/heat exchanger is also provided with pipeline, and this pipeline and external heat source interlink, and external heat source can be solar thermal collector, industrial exhaust heat and all kinds of used heat.Described waste heat, used heat are waste heat, the used heat of power plant, cement industry, iron and steel metallurgical industry, chemical industry; Waste heat, used heat can be stored in accumulation of heat/heat exchanger, also can be stored in special accumulation of heat/heat exchanger.
Described ultra-supercritical air energy storage/release system, also comprises air purification and purifying in its air compressing, cooling procedure, the solid matter in removing air and foreign gas; Air purification and purifier apparatus are integrated in compressor bank and cold-storage/heat exchanger, do not represent separately.
Described ultra-supercritical air energy storage/release system, compressor bank described in it; When for multiple compressors, multiple compressors is coaxial cascade or split axle parallel form; In parallel form, each split axle and main driving axle are dynamically connected; The exhaust of each stage compressor all cools through accumulation of heat/heat exchanger.
Described ultra-supercritical air energy storage/release system, turbines described in it, overall expansion ratio is between 50 ~ 420, and final stage gas turbine exhaust is close to normal pressure; When for multiple stage turbo machine, multiple stage turbo machine is coaxial cascade or split axle parallel form; In parallel form, each split axle and main driving axle are dynamically connected; The air inlet of each stage turbine is all first through accumulation of heat/heat exchanger heat temperature raising.
Described ultra-supercritical air energy storage/release system, compressor described in it can be piston type, centrifugal, axial flow, screw type or combined type; Decompressor described in it and turbo machine can be piston type, axial flow, radial inflow, screw type or hybrid.
Described ultra-supercritical air energy storage/release system, described in it when multiple compressors, multiple stage decompressor/turbo machine, multiple compressors, multiple stage decompressor/turbo machine is distributed on a live axle or many live axles, is connected by gearbox.
Described ultra-supercritical air energy storage/release system, the restriction of the flow of its control air not air mass flow by compression.
Described ultra-supercritical air energy storage/release system, the accumulation of heat form of accumulation of heat/heat exchanger described in it is sensible heat, latent heat or chemical reaction are hankered one or more; The heat storage medium adopted is water, paraffin, bio-oil, mineral-type crystalline hydrate salt, fuse salt, metal and alloy, organic fatty acid, stone, rock or concrete, and heat storage medium is stored in thermally insulated container;
Wherein, accumulation of heat/heat exchanger, during energy storage, reclaim and store compressor produce the heat of compression, release can time, heat into the pressurized air before decompressor at different levels; Release can time also can be input into waste heat through pipeline, used heat is accumulation of heat/heat exchanger additional heat.
Described ultra-supercritical air energy storage/release system, cold-storage/heat exchanger described in it, ultra-supercritical air being cooled to 81K-150K(K is Kelvin temperature unit), be the one in sensible heat cold-storage or solid-liquid phase change cold-storage or combination; The sensible heat cool storage medium adopted is one or more in sealing ice hockey, sandstone, concrete, aluminium strip dish or other metallics; Solid-liquid phase change cool storage medium is the ammonia of solid-liquid phase change temperature between 81K ~ 273K and the aqueous solution, salts solution, alkanes, olefin compound and compound thereof, one or more in alcohols and the aqueous solution thereof, and cool storage medium is stored in thermally insulated container; Ultra-supercritical air or liquid air in cold-storage/heat exchanger with cool storage medium direct contact heat transfer or non-direct contact heat exchange; During energy storage, cold-storage/heat exchanger carries out cooling further to ultra-supercritical air is convenient to liquefaction, and when releasing energy, cold-storage/heat exchanger reclaims and stores the cold in high-pressure liquid atmosphere temperature rising process.
Described ultra-supercritical air energy storage/release system, cold-storage/heat exchanger described in it, when low temperature cold quantity not sufficient, add throttling arrangement make close to liquefaction point air a little after decrease temperature and pressure namely liquefiable enter storage tank.Throttling arrangement is also likely cancelled.
Described ultra-supercritical air energy storage/release system, low-temperature storage tank described in it, be Dewar storage tank or low temperature storing tank, liquid air stores under atmospheric pressure or under pressure power situation.
Described ultra-supercritical air energy storage/release system, cryopump described in it, for reciprocating, centrifugal or hybrid, liquid air is pressurized to 5.0MPa ~ 42MPa; When multiple stage, be plural serial stage or parallel connection.
Described ultra-supercritical air energy storage/release system, during its energy storage, regulates energy storage capacity by controlling first order compressor air inflow.Described ultra-supercritical air energy storage/release system, controls first order compressor air inflow described in it, be by regulating compressor load, valve opening, driving rotating speed, start-stop Partial shrinkage machine or regulating pressure ratio to realize the control of air inflow.When it releases energy, regulate generating capacity by controlling liquid air amount of vaporization.
The invention has the advantages that: energy storage efficiency improves more than 30% than supercritical air system raising 4 ~ 7 percentage points, energy storage density than supercritical air system.Simultaneously the energy storage cycle unrestricted, be applicable to all kinds power station, environmentally friendly, recyclable used heat, do not need large storage device, improve soil and resource utilization, there is wide prospect of the application.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is ultra-supercritical air energy storage/release system embodiment 1 structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is ultra-supercritical air energy storage/release system embodiment 2 structural representation of the present invention.
Embodiment
For making object of the present invention, technological scheme and advantage clearly understand, to develop simultaneously embodiment referring to accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in more detail.
Ultra-supercritical air energy storage/release system of the present invention, adopt power station low ebb (at a low price) electric energy by air compressing to ultra supercritical state (simultaneously store compressed heat), then utilize decompressor to make air cooling-down step-down reclaim expansion work to raise the efficiency simultaneously, and utilize the cold energy that stored by pressure-air cooling, liquefaction storing (energy storage); In peak of power consumption, liquid air pressurization heat absorption is to ultra supercritical state (cold energy simultaneously in liquid air is recovered storage), and driving electrical power generators (releasing energy) by turbines after absorbing the heat of compression stored further, some industrial waste heats can be recovered to improve system effectiveness in the process.The ultra-supercritical air energy-storage system that the present invention proposes has the high outstanding advantages of energy storage efficiency, owing to adopting Optimizing Flow and more high parameter, the comparable supercritical air energy storage system of system effectiveness is higher, preresearch estimates can reach more than 70%, and energy storage density improves about 30% ~ 50%, the energy storage cycle is unrestricted, storage device significantly reduces, be suitable for the advantages such as all kinds power station, environmentally friendly, recyclable various industrial waste heats.
Embodiment:
Fig. 1 is ultra-supercritical air energy storage/release system embodiment 1 of the present invention.Comprise low pressure compressor 1,3, accumulation of heat/heat exchanger 2, high pressure compressor 35,38, decompressor 40(at least one-level), cold-storage/heat exchanger 4, low-temperature storage tank 6, valve 7, cryopump 8, high-pressure turbine 9,10, low-pressure turbine 43,46, generator 11, drive motor 12, pipeline 13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,30,31,34,36,37,39,41,42,44,45 etc., and air A.
Drive motor 12 is affixed with the total transmission shaft of compressor 1,3,35,38, and generator 11 is affixed with the total transmission shaft of turbo machine 9,10,43,46.Low pressure compressor 1,3 is through pipeline 13,14,15, and high pressure compressor 35,38 is connected with accumulation of heat/heat exchanger 2 respectively through pipeline 34,36,37,39.Low pressure compressor 1 entrance meets air A.Ultra-supercritical air through accumulation of heat/heat exchanger is cooled by cold-storage heat-exchanger 4 through pipeline 16, then does work through decompressor 40 and liquefy after decrease temperature and pressure.Accumulation of heat/heat exchanger 2, cold-storage/heat exchanger 4, low-temperature storage tank 6 are connected through pipeline 16,30,31,18,19 order.In pipeline 31, be provided with valve 7, cryopump 8, valve 7 is positioned at cryopump 8 upstream.Accumulation of heat/heat exchanger 2 is connected with high-pressure turbine 9,10 respectively through pipeline 20,21,22, is connected respectively through 41,42,44,45 with low-pressure turbine 43,46.The gas outlet of low-pressure turbine 46 leads to air.
Accumulation of heat/heat exchanger 2 interlinks through pipeline 23 and external heat source.Cold-storage/heat exchanger 4 bottom is provided with deslagging pipeline 24.
During energy storage, low ebb (at a low price) electrical energy drive motor 12 drives compressor bank, air A after purification enters compressor bank and compresses step by step, by accumulation of heat/heat exchanger 2 and heat storage medium heat exchange store compressed heat, realize cooling during rolling, until enter high pressure compressor 38 to be compressed into ultra supercritical state, through pipeline 39, ultra-supercritical air is transported to accumulation of heat/heat exchanger 2 store compressed heat again, the ultra-supercritical air being cooled to uniform temperature enters cold-storage/heat exchanger 4 and is cooled to lower temperature further by cool storage medium, enter cryogenic expansion machine 40(at least one-level) expansion work, liquefy after decrease temperature and pressure, liquid air is stored in low-temperature storage tank 6 through pipeline 30.When releasing energy, open valve 7, after liquid air from low-temperature storage tank 6 is pressurized to ultra-supereritical pressure by cryopump 8, be delivered to cold-storage/heat exchanger 4 with cool storage medium heat exchange by pipeline 18 to gasify, reclaim cold simultaneously, the ultra-supercritical air going out cold-storage/heat exchanger 4 enters accumulation of heat/heat exchanger 2 via pipeline 19 again and heats up further, ultra-supercritical air after temperature raises injects high-pressure turbine unit expansion work by pipeline, turbine outlet air continues to enter accumulation of heat/heat exchanger 2 intensification of absorbing heat and enters the acting of next stage turbine expansion, until complete through the acting of final stage turbine, weary gas is discharged to air.Turbines drive electrical generators 11 generates electricity.
Generally, run when energy storage is different from exoergic process.During energy storage, compressor bank and decompressor work, turbine generation unit, cryopump 8 are closed down, and valve 7 is closed, and accumulation of heat/heat exchanger 2 reclaims, stores the heat of compression, simultaneously cooling work gas, and cold-storage/heat exchanger 4 released cold quantity, is cooled to low temperature by ultra-supercritical air.Release can time then contrary, compressor bank and decompressor are closed down, turbines, cryopump 8 work, valve 7 is opened, cold-storage/heat exchanger 4 reclaims, stores cold, high-pressure liquid atmosphere temperature rising is to ultra supercritical state simultaneously, and 2, accumulation of heat/heat exchanger release heat of compression, promotes ultra-supercritical air temperature further.In addition, the external heats such as solar energy, waste heat, used heat then can enter accumulation of heat/heat exchanger 2 via pipeline 23 at any time and store, and also can be stored in one independently (not shown in FIG.) in accumulation of heat/heat exchanger; Ultra-supercritical air enters cold-storage/heat exchanger 4 and cools, and in this process, isolated impurity and pollutant are discharged by pipeline 24.
Fig. 2 is ultra-supercritical air energy storage/release system embodiment 2 of the present invention.Its structure is substantially identical with embodiment 1, but after cryogenic expansion machine, increase throttle valve 48.Through the cooled ultra-supercritical air of cold-storage heat-exchanger 4, do work at decompressor 40 and pass into throttle valve 48 after decrease temperature and pressure and liquefy further.Other workflows are similar with embodiment 1.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any amendment made, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a ultra-supercritical air energy storage/release system, comprise compressor bank (1,3,35,38), accumulation of heat/heat exchanger (2), cold-storage/heat exchanger (4), low-temperature storage tank (6), valve (7), cryopump (8), turbines (9,10,43,46), generator (11), driver element (12), it is characterized in that:
Described system also comprises expansion unit (40), described compressor bank (1,3,35,38) is by after air compressing to ultra supercritical state, by the combination of described expansion unit (40) or expansion unit (40) and throttle valve (48), ultra-supercritical air decrease temperature and pressure is extremely liquid, liquid air is stored in described low-temperature storage tank (6); Described expansion unit (40) and the direct coaxial combination of at least one compressor in compressor bank (1,3,35,38), or provide power by gearbox connection;
Described system comprises energy storage subtense angle and releases energy subtense angle: in described energy storage subtense angle, and described driver element (12), compressor bank (1,3,35,38), accumulation of heat/heat exchanger (2), cold-storage/heat exchanger (4), expansion unit (40), low-temperature storage tank (6) are through a pipeline group (13,14,15,34,36,37,39,16,30) successively order UNICOM; Described releasing can in subtense angle, and described low-temperature storage tank (6), valve (7), cryopump (8), cold-storage/heat exchanger (4), accumulation of heat/heat exchanger (2), turbines (9,10,43,46), generator (11) are through another pipeline group (31,18,19,20,21,22,41,42,44,45) successively order UNICOM;
Described compressor bank (1, 3, 35, 38) at least one low pressure compressor (1) is comprised, at least one high pressure compressor (35), mutual series connection or be integrated into overall multistage compression unit, wherein the suction port of first order compressor (1) connects air-source, and in each stage compressor, the air outlet of upper level compressor is connected with the suction port of next stage compressor through after described accumulation of heat/heat exchanger (2) through pipeline, the air outlet of afterbody high pressure compressor (38) is through pipeline (39, 16) through described accumulation of heat/heat exchanger (2) and cold-storage/heat exchanger (4) afterwards with the suction port UNICOM of described expansion unit (40),
Described turbines (9, 10, 43, 46) at least one low-pressure turbine (46) is comprised, at least one high pressure turbine (10), mutual series connection or be integrated into overall multistage turbine unit, liquid air in described low-temperature storage tank (6) passes through valve (7) successively through pipeline, cryopump (8), cold-storage/heat exchanger (4), pass in the first order after accumulation of heat/heat exchanger (2) changes the air of ultra supercritical state into, in each stage turbine, the air outlet of upper level turbo machine is connected with the suction port of next stage turbo machine through after described accumulation of heat/heat exchanger (2) successively through pipeline, the air outlet of afterbody low-pressure turbine (46) leads to air,
The workflow of described ultra-supercritical air energy storage/release system is: during energy storage, driver element (12) is utilized to drive compressor bank (1,3,35,38), by a certain amount of air compressing to ultra supercritical state, the heat of compression is recovered and is stored in accumulation of heat/heat exchanger (2); Ultra-supercritical air enters in cold-storage/heat exchanger (4) and enters expansion unit (40) decrease temperature and pressure again after cooling and reclaim expansion work, low temperature compressed air passes through the combination complete or overwhelming majority liquefaction afterwards of expansion unit (40) or expansion unit (40) and throttle valve (48), and liquid air enters low-temperature storage tank (6) and stores; When releasing energy, cryopump (8) liquid towards air pressurized is to ultra-supereritical pressure, high-pressure liquid air is warming up to ultra supercritical state and reclaims cold energy in cold-storage/heat exchanger (4), in accumulation of heat/heat exchanger (2), absorb the heat of compression ultra-supercritical air is heated up further, then enter turbines (9,10,43,46) expansion work, drive electrical generators (11) generates electricity.
2. ultra-supercritical air energy storage/release system according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described driver element (12) is affixed with the transmission shaft of compressor bank (1,3,35,38); Described expansion unit (40) is by compressor bank described in gearbox Direct driver (1,3,35,38) or by another generator connecting in parallel with system; Described generator (11) is affixed with the transmission shaft of turbines (9,10,43,46).
3. ultra-supercritical air energy storage/release system according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described low-temperature storage tank (6) is Dewar storage tank or low temperature storing tank, and liquid air stores under normal pressure or band certain pressure situation.
4. ultra-supercritical air energy storage/release system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described accumulation of heat/heat exchanger (2) is heat-insulating container, heat storage medium stores in a reservoir, ultra-supercritical air wherein with heat storage medium direct contact heat transfer or non-direct contact heat exchange, heat storage type is one in sensible heat, latent-heat storage or combination; During energy storage, accumulation of heat/heat exchanger (2) reclaims and stores the heat of compression of compressor generation, when releasing energy, heats into the pressurized air before each stage turbine.
5. ultra-supercritical air energy storage/release system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described expansion unit (40) comprises at least one decompressor, for making pressurized air decrease temperature and pressure be convenient to liquefy and reclaim expansion work, improve system effectiveness.
6. ultra-supercritical air energy storage/release system according to claim 1, is characterized in that: when described compressor bank (1,3,35,38) is for multiple compressors, multiple compressors is coaxial cascade or split axle parallel form; In parallel form, each split axle and main driving axle are dynamically connected; The exhaust of each stage compressor is all through accumulation of heat/heat exchanger (2).
7. ultra-supercritical air energy storage/release system according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described turbines (9,10,43,46), and final stage gas turbine exhaust is close to normal pressure; When for multiple stage turbo machine, multiple stage turbo machine is coaxial cascade or split axle parallel form; In parallel form, each split axle and main driving axle are dynamically connected; The air inlet of each stage turbine is all first through accumulation of heat/heat exchanger (2) heat temperature raising.
8. ultra-supercritical air energy storage/release system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described driver element (12), is the motor driven with electrical network or conventional power plant trough-electricity, nuclear power, wind-powered electricity generation, solar electrical energy generation, biomass power generation, water power or tidal power generation one or more power supplys wherein.
9. ultra-supercritical air energy storage/release system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described accumulation of heat/heat exchanger (2) is also provided with the pipeline (23) be connected with external heat source, and external heat source is solar thermal collector or industrial exhaust heat.
10. ultra-supercritical air energy storage/release system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described accumulation of heat/heat exchanger (2), the heat storage medium of employing is water, paraffin, bio-oil, mineral-type crystalline hydrate salt, fuse salt, metal and alloy, organic fatty acid, rock or concrete.
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