CN103022993B - Adaptive cascade direction interlocking relaying method based on GOOSE (Generic Object Oriented Substation Event) - Google Patents
Adaptive cascade direction interlocking relaying method based on GOOSE (Generic Object Oriented Substation Event) Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to an adaptive cascade direction interlocking relaying method based on GOOSE (Generic Object Oriented Substation Event), which comprises the following steps: 1) initial interlocking directions of protective relays are set according to an initial interlocking direction tuning rule; 2) a directional element judges the direction of a current fault current which is compared with the initial interlocking directions by a direction comparator to judge whether the directions of two parts are the same, if yes, the step 3) is carried out, if not, IN2 is gated, and a interlocking signal is output to OUT2; 3) the direction comparator gates IN1, and outputs the interlocking signal to the OUT1 and the direction of the output signal is opposite from the initial interlocking direction at this time; 4) a receiving virtual terminal judges whether the interlocking signal is received, if yes, the interlocking is carried, if not, the step 5) is carried out; and 5) an over-current element judges whether the current fault current exceeds a local over-current protection starting fixed value, if yes, a trip signal is sent. In comparison with the prior art, the method has the advantages that the safe and reliable operation of a system is ensured and applicability is good.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of guard method of intelligent distribution network, especially relate to a kind of self adaptation cascade direction locking relay protecting method based on GOOSE.
Background technology
Conventional electrical distribution net adopts Radiation topology, and is powered by single-side power, and its relaying protection is also design based on this framework.
But for the intelligent distribution network of a large amount of distributed power source of access (Distributed Generation, DG), will there is obvious change in operation characteristic, the such as change etc. of to and fro flow of power, annular electric supply and short circuit current feature.Because fault point both-end all has fault current to flow into, fault current will be caused to flow through on the way false protection everywhere, this brings very large challenge to existing protection system.
Whether depend on the communication technology according to protection philosophy, existing intelligent distribution network protection scheme can be divided into two large classes.First kind protection scheme only utilizes the information gathered in station, owing to not relying on interior communication, therefore has a clear superiority in reliability and cost.But because power distribution network geographical distribution region is little, circuit is short, make no matter to adopt the phasors such as voltage, electric current, impedance or admittance as characteristic quantity, definite value coordinates all very difficult, is difficult to correctly identify internal fault external fault.And for only utilizing the unconditional crank of line one-end electric parameters, for the closed loop power distribution net containing distributed power source, system degree of unbalance principle is not suitable for symmetrical fault, and electric current Abrupt Change principle exists difficulty of adjusting.So for situations such as symmetric fault and different DG permeabilities, the adaptivity of the program and reliability still need to make further research.
Equations of The Second Kind protection scheme needs to utilize communication to exchange real time information between protection at different levels.According to the type of institute's exchange message, two classes can be divided into again.One class exchanges analog quantity information, realizes micro-capacitance sensor protection as utilized digital differential relaying protection philosophy.But the program needs to overcome the problems such as equipment differs greatly in synchronized sampling, two/a large amount of sample information of multiterminal real-time, interactive, power distribution network, and practical in the recent period have very large difficulty.Another kind of only exchange logic amount information, as protection discriminating direction result, due to without the need to synchronized sampling and to communication bandwidth require low, possess higher practicality.But it breaks down for distribution network transformer substation low-pressure side bus and microgrid points of common connection place does not have good solution.
Summary of the invention
Object of the present invention is exactly provide a kind of to overcome defect that above-mentioned prior art exists to ensure the self adaptation cascade direction locking relay protecting method based on GOOSE that system safety reliability service, applicability are good (GOOSE-based Adaptive Directional Interlocking Scheme is called for short GADIS).The method can adapt to the closed loop power distribution net containing multiple microgrid, when the places such as distribution network line and bus, microgrid internal bus and power distribution network points of common connection break down, all can excise fault fast.
Object of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of self adaptation cascade direction locking relay protecting method based on GOOSE, the method utilizes self adaptation cascade direction locking strategy to realize the relaying protection of the intelligent distribution network containing distributed power source access, be provided with in described intelligent distribution network and overlap protected location more, transmit block signal by GOOSE agreement between described many covers protected location, described protected location comprises direction component, overcurrent element, direction comparator, sends empty terminal and the empty terminal of reception; Described method specifically comprises the following steps:
1) the initial lock direction of each protected location is set according to initial lock direction tuning rule;
2) direction component differentiates the current failure sense of current, and itself and initial lock direction compare by direction comparator, and whether both judgements direction is identical, if, then perform step 3), if not, then export and the equidirectional block signal in initial lock direction by sending empty terminal;
3) direction comparator exports and the reciprocal block signal in initial lock direction by sending empty terminal;
4) receive empty terminal to judge whether to receive block signal, if so, then locking, if not, then perform step 5);
5) overcurrent element judges whether current failure electric current exceedes local overcurrent protection and start definite value, if so, then sends trip signal.
The empty terminal of described transmission and the empty terminal of reception are provided with two groups, four, send block signal respectively to circuit upstream and downstream.
Described initial lock direction tuning rule is specially:
In A, looped network, the protected location initial lock direction of line-breaker is for pointing to upstream (near transformer station) from downstream (away from transformer station);
The protected location initial lock direction of the grid-connected circuit breaker of B, DG is point to DG from circuit;
The protected location initial lock direction of C, distribution substation circuit breaker is for pointing to bulk power grid.
When described intelligent distribution network occurs abnormal, process in the following manner:
A, protected location utilize the heartbeat message mechanism of GOOSE to carry out channel selftest, once communication failure be detected, then independently increase the outlet time delay definite value of trip signal, send alarm signal simultaneously, after detecting that communication is normal, the instantaneous outlet time delay definite value by trip signal of protected location returns original value;
If b breaker failure, then malfunctioning element movement, notify party stops sending block signal to comparing element;
If the Secondary Circuit of Potential Transformer broken string of c protected location, causes the overcurrent element of protected location to start, then burn out detection module action, notify party stops sending block signal to comparing element.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:
1) adaptability.The power distribution network containing many microgrids can be adapted to, support operation with closed ring mode, allow power distribution network to work in isolated island, grid-connected two kinds of patterns, and reduce power failure range as far as possible after a failure.
2) open.Utilize ripe, standardized GOOSE communication technology change of direction block signal, be easy to realize the interoperability between protection, and it is lower to take communication bandwidth.
3) concertedness and rapidity.According to abort situation adaptively changing locking direction, and coordinated can be protected with upstream and downstream.For the fault everywhere such as distribution network line and busbar fault, microgrid internal bus fault, transformer station's low-voltage bus bar and power distribution network PCC, all can excise fast.
4) autonomy and reliability.When there are the abnormal conditions such as PT broken string, breaker failure, fault also reliably can be excised; When part even all communication link fails time, independently can increase action delay and rely on local information to carry out decision-making, preventing malfunction or tripping.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is GADIS protection philosophy schematic diagram;
In figure, (a) is schematic diagram when power distribution network normally runs; B () judges schematic diagram for fault direction; C () is locking direction schematic diagram new after fault.
Fig. 2 is initial lock direction tuning rule schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 is closed loop power distribution net topology figure;
Each protection blocking direction change schematic diagram when Fig. 4 is F1 point failure.
Embodiment
Elaborate to embodiments of the invention below, the present embodiment is implemented under premised on technical solution of the present invention, give detailed execution mode and concrete operating process, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to following embodiment.
Embodiment
A kind of self adaptation cascade direction locking relay protecting method based on GOOSE; the method considers intelligent distribution network basic characteristics; according to the direction relations self-adaptative adjustment locking direction between fault current and block signal; thus reach the object of protection accurate fit and selectivity isolated fault, form simple and practical intelligent distribution network protection system.Be provided with in described intelligent distribution network and overlap protected location (Protective Relay more; PR); block signal is transmitted by GOOSE agreement between described many covers protected location; as shown in Figure 1, described often cover protected location (PR) comprises direction component, overcurrent element, direction comparator and two groups, four the empty terminals of GOOSE.Wherein, OUT1, OUT2 are for sending empty terminal, and IN1, IN2 are for receiving empty terminal, and first group of empty terminal IN1, OUT1 are responsible for downstream locking, are respectively used to receive from upstream and send block signal to downstream.Signal 1 represents locking, and locking is cancelled in 0 representative; Second group of empty terminal IN2, OUT2 are then responsible for locking updrift side.GOOSE transmitting-receiving can be completed physically with an optical fiber or broadband power line communication.Direction component, direction comparator form PR block signal output module jointly with the empty terminal of transmission, overcurrent element forms local circuit breaker trip signal output module jointly with the empty terminal of reception, and each module all sets up the logical equation of correlation function based on IEC 61131-3.
When fault occurs, described relay protecting method specifically comprises the following steps:
1) according to the initial lock direction of initial lock direction tuning rule setting protected location;
2) direction component Judging fault direction, then by direction comparator, itself and initial lock direction are compared, whether both judgements direction is identical, if, then perform step 3), if not, then gating IN2, and export block signal to OUT2, now output signal direction identical with initial lock direction;
3) direction comparator gating IN1, and export block signal to OUT1, now output signal direction contrary with initial lock direction;
4) receive empty terminal to judge whether to receive block signal, if so, then locking, if not, then perform step 5);
5) overcurrent element judges whether current failure electric current exceedes local overcurrent protection and start definite value, if so, then sends trip signal.
For any protection, its trip condition is that local overcurrent protection is started, and does not receive block signal, and criterion is as follows:
Trip＝NOT(LockingSignal)AND(I＞I_th)
In formula, LockingSignal refers to the block signal received, and I_th is that definite value is started in local overcurrent protection, and by hiding, peak load is adjusted.
Fig. 1 set forth invent the general principle of GADIS scheme, when power distribution network normally runs, the initial lock direction of protection is from sensing upstream, downstream, i.e. PR3.OUT2 → PR2.IN2, PR2.OUT2 → PR1.IN2, as Fig. 1 (a).When F1 place breaks down, the overcurrent element of PR1, PR2, PR3 is all started, and the fault direction of PR1 differs from locking direction, and the fault direction of PR2, PR3 is same as locking direction, as Fig. 1 (b).According to the adaptive direction locking rule of table 1, PR1 continues to send block signal to initial lock direction, and PR2, PR3 then send block signal, as shown in Fig. 1 (c) to the opposite direction in initial lock direction.Now, PR1, PR2 will send trip signal, and F1 place fault is successfully isolated.PR1 upstream protection, PR3 and downstream protection be then cascaded locking.
Table 1 answers direction locking rule from living
As shown in Figure 2, described initial lock direction tuning rule is specially:
In A, looped network, line-breaker (in figure shown in A) initial lock direction is for pointing to upstream (near transformer station) from downstream (away from transformer station);
The grid-connected circuit breaker of B, DG (in figure shown in B) initial lock direction is point to DG from circuit;
C, distribution substation circuit breaker (in figure shown in C) initial lock direction are for pointing to bulk power grid.
When described intelligent distribution network occurs abnormal, process in the following manner:
If there is external area error after a communication failure, protection can the malfunction because can not receive block signal.This programme utilizes the heartbeat message mechanism of GOOSE, can detect communication failure at about 1s, and automatically increases t1 definite value (as increasing to 0.6s) to prevent false protection, sends alarm signal simultaneously.After external fault is cut, this protection is instantaneous to be returned.
If b troubles inside the sample space but breaker failure, breaker failure element movement, notify party stops paying out block signal to comparison module, like this, excises fault along the upper level protection in locking direction because can not receive block signal with nearly standby or standby mode action far away.
If Secondary Circuit of Potential Transformer broken string during c troubles inside the sample space; PT disconnection monitoring element movement; notify party stops paying out block signal to comparison module, like this, excises fault along the upper level protection in locking direction because can not receive block signal with nearly standby or standby mode action far away.
Fig. 3 is closed loop intelligent distribution network, wherein, containing DG in distribution region 1,3,5, containing DG and load in distribution region 1,3,5, can be considered list/many facilities level microgrid; Only load is accessed in region 2,4,6; And whole intelligent distribution network can be considered transformer station's level microgrid, possess autonomy and islet operation ability, distribution substation is points of common connection (PCC).Loop switch S is in closure state.The initial lock direction of each protection as shown by the arrows in Figure 3.
Have 6 fault points, place in Fig. 3, wherein, F1, F5 are distribution network line fault; F2 ~ F4 is the busbar fault of microgrid, power distribution network, substation low-voltage side; F6 is power distribution network PCC place fault., the present embodiment will set forth the specific operation process of the inventive method under power distribution network decoupled mode, the mode that is incorporated into the power networks and abnormal conditions for above-mentioned 6 fault points, place.
(1) decoupled mode
A, line fault
Between the 1-2 of region during line failure (F1 point), each protection adaptively modifying locking direction, as shown in Figure 4.Because the IN mouth of PR1.2, PR2.1 all can not receive block signal, therefore all send trip signal and successful isolated fault.Now power distribution network open loop operation, but region 1 ~ 6 still continued power.
B, busbar fault
In microgrid during busbar fault (in Fig. 3 F2 point), PR1.3 changes locking direction, and PR1.4 remains unchanged.Because the two locking direction is opposing, all can not receive block signal, thus all action in tripping and excising fault.Like this, fault microgrid (region 1) enters interruption maintenance state, but power distribution network remainder still keeps operation with closed ring.
And if fault occurs in distribution bus (in Fig. 3 F3 point), according to locking rule, PR5.2 changes locking direction, PR5.1 and PR5.3 remains unchanged, so three is all because of the action without block signal.Now, because PR5.4 still can not be cut DG by stream signal locking by mistake, therefore the microgrid in region 5 runs on island state, and power distribution network open loop operation.
C, cyclization switch fault
When cyclization switch S place breaks down (in Fig. 3 F5 point), PR3.2 and PR6.2 is according to rule action and excise fault.Now power distribution network open loop operation.
(2) be incorporated into the power networks mode
A, power distribution network internal fault
Closed loop power distribution net itself has bi-directional current characteristic, and therefore compared with island mode, grid-connect mode is only different in fault current levels, can not impact protection act result.Therefore for distribution internal fault (F1 ~ F5 point), known identical with mode of operation during isolated island by analysis.
B, transformer station's low-voltage bus bar fault
During distribution network transformer substation low-pressure side bus fault (in Fig. 3 F4 point), protection PR1 and PR2 detects that fault current is identical with initial lock direction, therefore changes locking direction simultaneously.Because the two all can not receive the block signal of the other side, fault bus is isolated in tripping operation by PR1, PR2 action, and now whole power distribution network enters island operation state, and open loop operation.
C, power distribution network points of common connection fault
When fault occurs in substation low-voltage side (in Fig. 3 F6 point), fault current and PR
lVinitial lock in the same way, PR
lVoppositely send block signal.Due to PR
mVwith PR
lVlocking direction opposing, protection act excision fault, now whole power distribution network enters island operation state, but still keep operation with closed ring.
(3) abnormal conditions (for F1 point failure)
A, PT break
If PR1.2 causes direction component to start because of PT broken string, then PR1.2 cannot to PR1.1, PR1.3 sending direction block signal.Like this, PR1.1, PR1.3 action excise fault because can not receive block signal.So fault still can be excised fast when PT breaks, but the microgrid in region 1 is caused to enter island state.
B, breaker failure
If PR1.2 breaker failure during F1 point failure, then malfunctioning element movement, notify party stops sending block signal to PR1.1, PR1.3, so PR1.1, PR1.3 action excise fault to comparison module.Similarly, this causes the microgrid in region 1 to enter island state.
C, communication failure
Suppose the GOOSE communication disruption between PR2.2, PR3.1, then PR3.1 initiatively increases action delay t1 to 0.6s, sends alarm signal simultaneously and notifies that operations staff overhauls.If after this F1 point breaks down, although then PR3.1 can not receive the block signal of PR2.2, it can not malfunction.After the excision of F1 point failure, PR3.1 protection is instantaneous immediately to be returned.
Claims (4)
1. the self adaptation cascade direction locking relay protecting method based on GOOSE, it is characterized in that, the method utilizes self adaptation cascade direction locking strategy to realize the relaying protection of the intelligent distribution network containing distributed power source access, be provided with in described intelligent distribution network and overlap protected location more, transmit block signal by GOOSE agreement between described many covers protected location, described protected location comprises direction component, overcurrent element, direction comparator, sends empty terminal and the empty terminal of reception; Described relay protecting method specifically comprises the following steps:
1) the initial lock direction of each protected location is set according to initial lock direction tuning rule;
2) direction component differentiates the current failure sense of current, and itself and initial lock direction compare by direction comparator, and whether both judgements direction is identical, if, then perform step 3), if not, then export and the equidirectional block signal in initial lock direction by sending empty terminal;
3) direction comparator exports and the reciprocal block signal in initial lock direction by sending empty terminal;
4) receive empty terminal to judge whether to receive block signal, if so, then locking, if not, then perform step 5);
5) overcurrent element judges whether current failure electric current exceedes local overcurrent protection and start definite value, if so, then sends trip signal.
2. a kind of self adaptation cascade direction locking relay protecting method based on GOOSE according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the empty terminal of described transmission and the empty terminal of reception are provided with two groups, respectively to the locking of circuit upstream and downstream.
3. a kind of self adaptation cascade direction locking relay protecting method based on GOOSE according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described initial lock direction tuning rule is specially:
In A, looped network, the protected location initial lock direction of line-breaker is from sensing upstream, downstream;
The protected location initial lock direction of the grid-connected circuit breaker of B, DG is point to DG from circuit;
The protected location initial lock direction of C, distribution substation circuit breaker is for pointing to bulk power grid.
4. a kind of self adaptation cascade direction locking relay protecting method based on GOOSE according to claim 1, is characterized in that, when described intelligent distribution network occurs abnormal, processes in the following manner:
A, protected location utilize the heartbeat message mechanism of GOOSE to carry out channel selftest, once communication failure be detected, then independently increase the outlet time delay definite value of trip signal, send alarm signal simultaneously, after detecting that communication is normal, the instantaneous outlet time delay definite value by trip signal of protected location returns original value;
If b breaker failure, then notify party stops sending block signal to comparator;
If the overcurrent element of c protected location cannot start, then notify party stops sending block signal to comparator.
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