CN103023374A - Inertia type piezoelectric linear motor - Google Patents
Inertia type piezoelectric linear motor Download PDFInfo
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- CN103023374A CN103023374A CN2012105847528A CN201210584752A CN103023374A CN 103023374 A CN103023374 A CN 103023374A CN 2012105847528 A CN2012105847528 A CN 2012105847528A CN 201210584752 A CN201210584752 A CN 201210584752A CN 103023374 A CN103023374 A CN 103023374A
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- type piezoelectric
- amplifying mechanism
- linear motor
- displacement amplifying
- inertia
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Abstract
The invention discloses an inertia type piezoelectric linear motor which comprises a displacement amplifying mechanism, a rotor and a stator shaft. The displacement amplifying mechanism is in a diamond symmetrical structure, two diagonals of the diamond are mutually perpendicular and unequal in length, laminated piezoelectric ceramic is arranged along the long diagonal of the diamond, and a fixed face and a translation face are arranged at two corners in the short diagonal direction of the diamond and parallel to the laminated piezoelectric ceramic which is externally connected with a power source. The stator shaft is directly mounted on the translation face of the displacement amplifying mechanism, and the rotor is sleeved on the stator shaft. Compared with general coil type linear motors and other ultrasonic linear motors, the inertia type piezoelectric linear motor has the advantages of large output force, quickness in response, simple structure, easiness in processing, convenience in use, avoidance of electromagnetic interference and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of inertia force and frictional force utilized and realize straight-line piezo-electric type linear electric motors, belong to the precision mechanical transmission technical field.
Background technology
Along with the developing rapidly of the artificial machine representation tool of machine device, precision optical machinery is constantly to high accuracy, the high response speed future development.Traditional linear electric motors are mainly by coil drive, and this mode exists many deficiencies, and are large such as volume, mechanism is complicated, precision is not high, response speed is low etc., can not adapt to the demand of modern precision machinery.
In recent years, piezoelectric is good with its fast response time, High power output, the linearity, be not subjected to the advantages such as electromagnetic interference, obtained studying widely both at home and abroad and using.Utilize the piezoelectric characteristic to make ultrasonic linear motor research is early arranged especially, but, adopt of the piezoelectric straight line ultrasound ripple motor that at present research is made mounts a plurality of piezoelectric ceramic pieces more, be the corresponding vibration that need to obtain after its energising, provide power output with the straight-line displacement of this vibration in separately mode as motor again, thereby realized the rectilinear motion of piezoelectric ultrasonic motor.The advantage of piezoelectric ceramic has been brought into play in these researchs, overcome coil type linear electric motors volume large, be subject to the shortcomings such as electromagnetic interference, low-response.But all there is certain limitation in this piezoelectric linear motor on power output, displacement and structure, need do further research and development.
With the piezoelectric stack that piezoelectric ceramic piece is made in certain closed assembly mode, not only kept the original characteristic of piezoelectric ceramic and advantage, and its displacement and power output etc. are greatly improved than piezoelectric ceramic piece all.How taking full advantage of it, also is the focus of paying close attention at present.The power output of piezoelectric stack is larger, but displacement focuses mostly between several microns to tens microns, still remains further to be improved.At present, various displacement amplifying mechanisms have been studied by research institution both at home and abroad, such as mechanical lever amplification, hydraulic pressure amplification etc.It is domestic that to study morely be the flexible hinge displacement enlarger.But these researchs are too complicated, and when realizing that displacement is amplified, greatly reduced the power output of driver, can't give full play of the driveability of piezoelectric excellence.Utilize the delta displacement mode of amplifying not only to keep the very large power output level of piezoelectric stack and higher response speed, and at displacement considerable raising has been arranged.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide that a kind of drive displacement is large, High power output, respond fast, be easy to control, simple in structure, be easy to processing, conveniently use, be not subjected to electromagnetic interference, utilize friction and inertia power to realize straight-line inertia-type piezoelectric linear motor.
The technical solution used in the present invention is: a kind of inertia-type piezoelectric linear motor comprises displacement amplifying mechanism, mover and stator axis;
The described displacement amplifying mechanism symmetrical structure that assumes diamond in shape, rhombus two diagonal are mutually vertical and not isometric, long-diagonal along rhombus is provided with the lamination-type piezoelectric ceramic, two edges of the short diagonal direction of rhombus are respectively equipped with stationary plane and translational plane, stationary plane is parallel with described lamination-type piezoelectric ceramic with translational plane, lamination-type piezoelectric ceramic external power supply;
Described stator axis is directly installed on the translational plane of described displacement amplifying mechanism, and described mover is sleeved on the described stator axis.
The present invention fully utilizes the effect of right-angled triangle orthogonal translation amplification principle and frictional force, inertia force, the telescopic displacement of piezoelectric stack is converted to the rectilinear motion of linear electric motors.By changing the external power supply that applies on the lamination-type piezoelectric ceramic, can change translation direction and the speed of linear electric motors.
As preferably, the mover of annular is sleeved on the columniform stator axis with certain precompression, the mode by Cylindrical Surfaces Contact each other, utilize mutual frictional force and the mover inertia force in motion process, will be converted to the output displacement of translational plane on the bonding displacement amplifying mechanism of stator axis the rectilinear motion of mover.
As preferably, utilize the precompression mode to be connected between described displacement amplifying mechanism and the lamination-type piezoelectric ceramic, described displacement amplifying mechanism adopts and is rigidly connected, and improves power output and response speed, and adopt the linear amplification principle of triangle, improve the linearity of displacement output.The lamination-type piezoelectric ceramic is positioned at the long-diagonal direction.Stationary plane and stress surface are parallel to each other, and parallel with the long-diagonal direction, with the short diagonal perpendicular direction.Displacement amplifying mechanism is parallel to each other at two faces inwardly that have of long-diagonal direction, is used for placing the lamination-type piezoelectric ceramic.
As preferably, described displacement amplifying mechanism also is provided be used to the fixing hole that installs and fixes.
Described and can be found out by above structure, after the lamination-type piezoelectric ceramic was applied in voltage drive, the lamination-type piezoelectric ceramic produced the micrometric displacement of high frequency in the long-diagonal direction.According to triangle quadrature amplification principle, this small displacement is through being converted to the displacement (direction of these two displacements is orthogonal) of short diagonal direction after amplifying.After stationary plane was fixed, the high frequency displacement of this short diagonal direction was just outwards exported by translational plane, was directly used in to drag bonding with it stator axis motion.Recycle at last the frictional force between stator axis and the mover, the displacement on the stator axis is converted to the rectilinear motion of mover in the mode of inertia displacement.
Beneficial effect: the present invention is with respect to general coil type linear electric motors and some other ultrasonic linear motor, it have High power output, fast response time, simple in structure, be easy to processing, conveniently use, be not subjected to the advantage such as electromagnetic interference.Realizing the straight-line while, also fully using the excellent characteristic of piezoelectric.Driving power reasonably in the cooperation just can when guarantee larger power output, be controlled these linear electric motors and be carried out as required work.Therefore this inertia-type piezoelectric linear motor has important using value in the fields such as micrometric displacement mechanical system, micrometric displacement location, optical precision instrument, Aero-Space control.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is perspective view of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is that the present invention applies triangular wave driving voltage schematic diagram at the lamination-type piezoelectric ceramic;
Fig. 4 is the displacement diagram of each state among Fig. 3.
Embodiment
The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
As illustrated in fig. 1 and 2, mover 1, stator axis 2 and the displacement amplifying mechanism 4 in the inertia-type piezoelectric linear motor of the present invention can adopt the associated metal materials such as steel, copper alloy, aluminium alloy to make.
The annular mover 1 of certain mass is locked on columniform stator axis 2 with certain precompression, utilizes friction and inertia power so that mover 1 can be realized rectilinear motion in stator axis 2.A cylinder end face of stator axis 2 directly is bonded on the translational plane 3 of displacement amplifying mechanism 4, and guarantees the axially mutually vertical with translational plane 3 of stator axis 2, thereby the output displacement of displacement amplifying mechanism 4 is sent on the stator axis 2, is used for driving mover 1 motion.
Displacement amplifying mechanism 4 symmetrical structure that assumes diamond in shape, four hypotenuse posts of displacement amplifying mechanism 4 and two diagonal of rhombus consist of four symmetrical non-right-isosceles triangles, by rhombus two cornerwise not isometric amplifications that realize displacement.Displacement amplifying mechanism adopts and is rigidly connected, and improves power output and response speed, and adopts the linear amplification principle of triangle, improves the linearity of displacement output.Stationary plane 7 and translational plane 3 are parallel to each other, and parallel with the long-diagonal direction, with the short diagonal perpendicular direction.Displacement amplifying mechanism 4 is parallel to each other at two faces inwardly that have of long-diagonal direction, is used for placing lamination-type piezoelectric ceramic 5.Lamination-type piezoelectric ceramic 5 is positioned at the long-diagonal direction, two parallel surfaces inwardly that have of the long-diagonal direction of displacement amplifying mechanism 4 clamp two of lamination-type piezoelectric ceramic 5 parallel end faces, lamination-type piezoelectric ceramic 5 is subject to precompression all the time, and the face that keeps in touch is seamless.Because lamination-type piezoelectric ceramic 5 can only be subjected to the forward compression, therefore the parallel coincidence with face of face is placed when clamping.Displacement amplifying mechanism 4 is used for installing and fixing with fixing hole 6.
Be applied in the voltage drive of high frequency when lamination-type piezoelectric ceramic 5 after, it will produce deformation, namely produce the high frequency micrometric displacement in the long-diagonal direction.According to triangle quadrature amplification principle, this small displacement is through being converted to the displacement of short diagonal direction after amplifying, the direction of these two displacements is orthogonal, after stationary plane 7 is fixed, the displacement of this short diagonal direction just is presented as the driving effect that pushes away (perhaps drawing) at translational plane 3, drive stator axis 2 and move up and down fast.
After lamination-type piezoelectric ceramic 5 applies triangular wave driving voltage (as shown in Figure 3), stator axis 2 will obtain axial displacement response from displacement amplifying mechanism 4.
As can be seen from Figure 4, in state a, mover 1 is in initial position, and lamination-type piezoelectric ceramic 5 is subject to maximum voltage and is in elongation state, and displacement amplifying mechanism 4 is in the shortest position at axial direction.When driving voltage by a slow decreasing during to b, lamination-type piezoelectric ceramic 5 shortens, displacement amplifying mechanism 4 takes stator axis to and slowly extends, mover 1 under the effect of stiction with the stator axis 2 Δ d that moves up reposefully, shown in the b state.When driving voltage was increased to c suddenly fast by b, stator axis 2 moved down fast, because the inertia force of mover 1 has overcome force of sliding friction, and do not move down with stator axis 2, so mover 1 is with respect to the initial position Δ d that moved up, shown in the c state.When driving voltage during again from the c slow decreasing to d, mover 1 moves up together along with stator axis 2 again, arrives state d.When driving voltage rose to e suddenly by d, stator axis 2 moved down fast, mover 1 since the inertia force effect equally do not move downward together with stator axis 2, so mover 1 is again along the direction of principal axis Δ d that moved up, shown in state e.So go round and begin again, constantly upwards accumulation is mobile for mover 1, has realized the continuous step motion that makes progress axially.In like manner, when adding reverse energization voltage, mover 1 can be realized along the downward continuous step motion of stator axis 2.
Its characteristics such as movement velocity, direction and step-length can be controlled and adjust to the parameters such as the type by adjusting this inertia-type piezoelectric linear motor driving voltage, frequency, amplitude effectively, and preferably output characteristic is arranged.
Should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art under the prerequisite that does not break away from the principle of the invention, can also make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.In the present embodiment not clear and definite each part all available prior art realized.
Claims (5)
1. an inertia-type piezoelectric linear motor is characterized in that: comprise displacement amplifying mechanism, mover and stator axis;
The described displacement amplifying mechanism symmetrical structure that assumes diamond in shape, rhombus two diagonal are mutually vertical and not isometric, long-diagonal along rhombus is provided with the lamination-type piezoelectric ceramic, two edges of the short diagonal direction of rhombus are respectively equipped with stationary plane and translational plane, stationary plane is parallel with described lamination-type piezoelectric ceramic with translational plane, lamination-type piezoelectric ceramic external power supply;
Described stator axis is directly installed on the translational plane of described displacement amplifying mechanism, and described mover is sleeved on the described stator axis.
2. inertia-type piezoelectric linear motor according to claim 1 is characterized in that: utilize the precompression mode to be connected between described mover and the stator axis.
3. inertia-type piezoelectric linear motor according to claim 1 is characterized in that: utilize the precompression mode to be connected between described displacement amplifying mechanism and the lamination-type piezoelectric ceramic.
4. inertia-type piezoelectric linear motor according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described displacement amplifying mechanism adopts and is rigidly connected.
5. inertia-type piezoelectric linear motor according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described displacement amplifying mechanism also is provided be used to the fixing hole that installs and fixes.
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| CN2012105847528A CN103023374A (en) | 2012-12-28 | 2012-12-28 | Inertia type piezoelectric linear motor |
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| CN2012105847528A CN103023374A (en) | 2012-12-28 | 2012-12-28 | Inertia type piezoelectric linear motor |
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Cited By (16)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103391028A (en) * | 2013-06-28 | 2013-11-13 | 西安交通大学 | Magnetism-piezoelectricity actuator based on triangular geometric displacement amplifying mechanism |
| CN104079202A (en) * | 2014-06-23 | 2014-10-01 | 南京航空航天大学 | Inertia linear motor based on pull type piezoelectric actuator |
| CN104393786A (en) * | 2014-12-09 | 2015-03-04 | 南京邮电大学 | Piezoelectric motor for utilizing sliding rod inertia to generate stepping |
| CN104467522A (en) * | 2013-09-20 | 2015-03-25 | 思考电机（上海）有限公司 | Linear drive unit, electronic equipment and body ornament |
| CN104716864A (en) * | 2014-12-05 | 2015-06-17 | 南京航空航天大学 | Linear piezoelectric motor of inertia type middle-sized structure and control method thereof |
| CN104734559A (en) * | 2015-03-17 | 2015-06-24 | 西安交通大学 | Marching type piezoceramic actuator and method having displacement measurement function and large push-pull force |
| CN104821738A (en) * | 2015-05-13 | 2015-08-05 | 西安交通大学 | Tree-climbing piezoelectric actuator and actuation method |
| WO2015139691A1 (en) * | 2014-03-21 | 2015-09-24 | Physik Instrumente (Pi) Gmbh & Co. Kg | Inertial drive |
| CN106026766A (en) * | 2016-06-06 | 2016-10-12 | 长春工业大学 | Rhombic hinge shifting piece type orthogonal driving type piezoelectric stick-slip linear motor and composite excitation method therefor |
| CN106026765A (en) * | 2016-06-06 | 2016-10-12 | 长春工业大学 | Piezoelectric stick-slip linear motor equipped with asymmetric rhombic amplifying mechanism and excitation method for piezoelectric stick-slip linear motor |
| CN107968593A (en) * | 2017-12-19 | 2018-04-27 | 西北工业大学 | A kind of four-degree-of-freedom moment of flexure actuator |
| CN108512457A (en) * | 2018-04-19 | 2018-09-07 | 西安交通大学 | Linear inertial piezoelectric actuator with displacement perceptional function and start method |
| CN110181327A (en) * | 2019-06-25 | 2019-08-30 | 江苏集萃精凯高端装备技术有限公司 | A kind of fast tool servo device with dynamic force balanced function |
| CN112228322A (en) * | 2020-09-17 | 2021-01-15 | 江苏大学 | Microminiature piezoelectric pump |
| CN112838782A (en) * | 2021-01-07 | 2021-05-25 | 歌尔股份有限公司 | Piezoelectric motor |
| CN114123845A (en) * | 2020-08-26 | 2022-03-01 | 超聚变数字技术有限公司 | Piezoelectric actuator and electronic equipment |
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| US6294859B1 (en) * | 1997-09-10 | 2001-09-25 | Eads Deutschland Gmbh | Electrostrictive or piezoelectric actuator device with a stroke amplifying transmission mechanism |
| US20060261706A1 (en) * | 2005-05-18 | 2006-11-23 | Yoon Seok J | Piezoelectric linear motor with displacement amplifying means |
| US20090115292A1 (en) * | 2007-10-25 | 2009-05-07 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | Strain amplification devices and methods |
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| US6294859B1 (en) * | 1997-09-10 | 2001-09-25 | Eads Deutschland Gmbh | Electrostrictive or piezoelectric actuator device with a stroke amplifying transmission mechanism |
| US20060261706A1 (en) * | 2005-05-18 | 2006-11-23 | Yoon Seok J | Piezoelectric linear motor with displacement amplifying means |
| US20090115292A1 (en) * | 2007-10-25 | 2009-05-07 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | Strain amplification devices and methods |
Cited By (23)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103391028A (en) * | 2013-06-28 | 2013-11-13 | 西安交通大学 | Magnetism-piezoelectricity actuator based on triangular geometric displacement amplifying mechanism |
| CN104467522A (en) * | 2013-09-20 | 2015-03-25 | 思考电机（上海）有限公司 | Linear drive unit, electronic equipment and body ornament |
| CN104467522B (en) * | 2013-09-20 | 2017-07-07 | 新思考电机有限公司 | Linear drive apparatus, electronic equipment and body adornments |
| WO2015139691A1 (en) * | 2014-03-21 | 2015-09-24 | Physik Instrumente (Pi) Gmbh & Co. Kg | Inertial drive |
| US10250164B2 (en) | 2014-03-21 | 2019-04-02 | Physik Instrumente (Pi) Gmbh & Co. Kg | Inertial drive |
| CN104079202A (en) * | 2014-06-23 | 2014-10-01 | 南京航空航天大学 | Inertia linear motor based on pull type piezoelectric actuator |
| CN104716864A (en) * | 2014-12-05 | 2015-06-17 | 南京航空航天大学 | Linear piezoelectric motor of inertia type middle-sized structure and control method thereof |
| CN104393786B (en) * | 2014-12-09 | 2017-02-22 | 南京邮电大学 | Piezoelectric motor for utilizing sliding rod inertia to generate stepping |
| CN104393786A (en) * | 2014-12-09 | 2015-03-04 | 南京邮电大学 | Piezoelectric motor for utilizing sliding rod inertia to generate stepping |
| CN104734559A (en) * | 2015-03-17 | 2015-06-24 | 西安交通大学 | Marching type piezoceramic actuator and method having displacement measurement function and large push-pull force |
| CN104821738A (en) * | 2015-05-13 | 2015-08-05 | 西安交通大学 | Tree-climbing piezoelectric actuator and actuation method |
| CN106026765A (en) * | 2016-06-06 | 2016-10-12 | 长春工业大学 | Piezoelectric stick-slip linear motor equipped with asymmetric rhombic amplifying mechanism and excitation method for piezoelectric stick-slip linear motor |
| CN106026766B (en) * | 2016-06-06 | 2017-08-29 | 长春工业大学 | Rhombus hinge piece-picking type quadrature drive type piezoelectricity stick-slip line motor and its complex incentive method |
| CN106026766A (en) * | 2016-06-06 | 2016-10-12 | 长春工业大学 | Rhombic hinge shifting piece type orthogonal driving type piezoelectric stick-slip linear motor and composite excitation method therefor |
| CN107968593B (en) * | 2017-12-19 | 2019-08-09 | 西北工业大学 | A kind of four-degree-of-freedom moment of flexure actuator |
| CN107968593A (en) * | 2017-12-19 | 2018-04-27 | 西北工业大学 | A kind of four-degree-of-freedom moment of flexure actuator |
| CN108512457A (en) * | 2018-04-19 | 2018-09-07 | 西安交通大学 | Linear inertial piezoelectric actuator with displacement perceptional function and start method |
| CN108512457B (en) * | 2018-04-19 | 2019-10-18 | 西安交通大学 | Linear inertial piezoelectric actuator and actuation method with displacement perceptional function |
| CN110181327A (en) * | 2019-06-25 | 2019-08-30 | 江苏集萃精凯高端装备技术有限公司 | A kind of fast tool servo device with dynamic force balanced function |
| CN114123845A (en) * | 2020-08-26 | 2022-03-01 | 超聚变数字技术有限公司 | Piezoelectric actuator and electronic equipment |
| CN112228322A (en) * | 2020-09-17 | 2021-01-15 | 江苏大学 | Microminiature piezoelectric pump |
| CN112228322B (en) * | 2020-09-17 | 2022-03-22 | 江苏大学 | Microminiature piezoelectric pump |
| CN112838782A (en) * | 2021-01-07 | 2021-05-25 | 歌尔股份有限公司 | Piezoelectric motor |
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Application publication date: 20130403 |