CN1031863C - 带控制阀装置的导管 - Google Patents

带控制阀装置的导管 Download PDF

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CN1031863C
CN1031863C CN91100952A CN91100952A CN1031863C CN 1031863 C CN1031863 C CN 1031863C CN 91100952 A CN91100952 A CN 91100952A CN 91100952 A CN91100952 A CN 91100952A CN 1031863 C CN1031863 C CN 1031863C
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conduit
needle tubing
opener
valve gear
pullover
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CN1053748A (zh
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安东尼·Y·范霍伊滕
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Johnson and Johnson Medical Ltd
Ethicon Endo Surgery Inc
Ethicon Inc
Smiths Medical ASD Inc
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Critikon Inc
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61MDEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M39/00Tubes, tube connectors, tube couplings, valves, access sites or the like, specially adapted for medical use
    • A61M39/22Valves or arrangement of valves
    • A61M39/26Valves closing automatically on disconnecting the line and opening on reconnection thereof
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61MDEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M25/00Catheters; Hollow probes
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61MDEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M25/00Catheters; Hollow probes
    • A61M25/01Introducing, guiding, advancing, emplacing or holding catheters
    • A61M25/06Body-piercing guide needles or the like
    • A61M25/0606"Over-the-needle" catheter assemblies, e.g. I.V. catheters

Abstract

一种导管套头组件含有一个用以防止血液回流到回流腔内的隔膜。该导管套头组件还含有一个隔膜开启器,该开启器在一个路厄氏锁定机构插入导管套头内时动作。在针管撤出导管之后的导管使用期间,此隔膜开启器使隔膜打开,让营养液流入人体内。

Description

带控制阀装置的导管
本发明涉及静脉导管,具体涉及带有阀装置的导管,这种阀装置在导管连接到输液装置时打开。
在使用静脉导管组件时,导管插管及其插入针管插入病人体内。在插管通过在针管组件的回流腔内出现小量的血液而证实了正确地放置在血管内之后,针头就从病人身上抽出并从导管内撤出。随后将输液装置连接到导管上,给病人输液。在整个过程中,要求尽可能减少、最好是完全消除血液从针管组件漏出,以降低血液所带的疾病传给医务人员的风险。更详细地说,当针头从导管中抽出时,最好有一阀门机构自动地密封住导管插管来防止血液从导管漏出。该插管最好能在输液装置连接到导管上给病人输液之前保持密封住。一当输液装置连接到导管上,导管组件就处于液密状态,就不会再有血液泄漏。
美国专利3,585,996介绍了一种动脉导管放置装置,该装置包括有一个连接在针管套头上的针管的针管组件。在针管套头内设有一个由一片带有数条细缝的、较厚的橡胶件制成的自封式盘状阀。针管套头设计成跟一个导管和一个带有外套套头的外套相连接。有一个空心导引管从外套套头的远端凸出部伸出,在伸入和穿进过程中导管是穿过该空心导引管推进的。当针管套头不与外套套头相连接时,该盘状阀处于常闭状态,防止血液从套头漏出。当外套套头连接到针管套头上时,在外套套头凸出部上的导引管就穿过阀盘伸出,将阀保持在打开状态并让导管穿过该阀穿入。在外套套头从针管套头撤走之后,盘状阀就自动关闭并防止血液从动脉通过针管流出。
最好是将美国专利3,585,996所介绍的阀工作原理应用到导管组件上,使导管在针管插入时能自动打开,随后在针管从导管抽出时能自动关闭,在输液装置连接到导管上时又自动打开。导管组件必须能够利用列举的各种附属组成件实现这些特定的工作模式,以便在导管连接到输液装置之前防止血液从导管漏出。
根据本发明的工作原理提供了一种导管组件,这导管组件包括有一个连接到导管套头上的导管插管。在导管套头内设有一个常闭阀膜。有一个可动的阀膜开启器跟阀膜对置着设置。当导管和套头连接到了一个插入针管组件上时,插入针管就穿过阀膜开启器和阀膜。当针头从阀膜开启器和阀膜抽出时,阀膜就自动密封住导管套头的通道。当输液装置连接到导管套头上时,输液装置的连接器就促动阀膜开启器打开该阀膜,使液体可以通过导管输给病人。
在附图中,
图1是根据本发明的工作原理设计的导管组件的透视图;
图2是图1的导管组件的一个剖视图;
图3是图1和图2的导管组件的导管和导管套头的详细剖视图;
图4a至图4c示出本发明的导管和导管套头在各使用阶段的情况。
图1以透视图形式示出根据本发明的工作原理设计的导管组件。
首先参看图1,图中示出根据本发明的工作原理设计的导管组件10。导管组件10包括一个半管状的、顶部敞开的针管壳体20。在针管壳体20的两侧模制出相向的成形的抓手部22,其中一个抓手部在图1中可见。管状针管护套30设置在半管状的针管壳体内部并从壳体向近端伸出。在针管护套的上表面有数个小凸脊32,使用者可以用手压住这些凸脊表面将针管护套推出到尽头。使用者可用一只手握住导管组件,同时用食指或其它手指推着这些凸脊使针头护套伸出。一个未示出的保护套从针管壳体20向远端伸出以罩住向远端伸出的针管和导管。
图2示出取下保护套后的图1的导管组件。图中示出装在针管护套30的远端上的导管50和导管套头52。可以看到针管24的针尖从导管50的远端头部伸出。可以看到有一个推动凸舌34从针管护套靠近导管套头52的部位向上突起。针管24穿过其中伸出的针管护套头部60设置在针管护套的远端上。
图2也是导管组件10的剖视图。导管50从导管套头52的远端54伸出,并且与导管套头同心设置。导管可以用任何已知的方式、包括粘接或用眼环以机械方式连接到导管套头上。导管套头52的大直径近端部分56在其近端制出凸缘用以连接输液装置,导管套头的近端部分的内径设计成和针管护套头部60的远端部分相配合,使之套装在针管护套头部60的远端部份上。
针管24连接在回流腔26的远端上,针管的近端终接在回流腔内。针管24通过粘接剂28固定在位。针管伸展通过针管护套头部60、导管套头52以及导管50,针尖从导管的远端伸出。回流腔26的后部用一个微孔塞子70塞住。针管护套从靠近针管壳体20的后部外伸,针管护套头部60在推动凸舌34的地方与针管护套的远端固定连接。管状针管护套围绕着回流腔26,回流腔的底部27放置在针管护套底部的一个纵向槽36内。当针管护套朝远处滑动来罩住针管时,由于针管壳体和针管护套的同心的管形结构以及回流腔底部27沿着针管护套槽36滑动的结果,针管护套与针管壳体保持同心。
在壳体20的远端成形有一个凸缘72。回流腔26设置在针管壳体的中央部位。针管护套30相对于壳体20滑动,直到针管护套槽36的缩窄的近端92与针管壳体的开孔74接合将这两个构件锁定在一起。将一工具插入开孔74和槽36中以扩大该槽的缩窄部分92,从而让针管护套能继续前进,使之全部进入针管壳体内。
针管护套和针管壳体的同心管形结构也使针管护套能从针头壳体的近端滑入针管壳体内。这样,导管装置就可以在针管护套30不需要通过其锁定位置、从而不需要在装配过程中打开护套槽的缩窄部分92的情况下进行装配。
图2所示的导管组件可按常规方式使用,将同心的导管与针管穿过病人的皮肤插入血管内。当针管24的针头正确地放置在血管内时,有小量的血液将通过针管流入回流腔26内。由于针管壳体和针管护套都是由透明的或半透明的聚合物材料制成,血流很容易在回流腔内看清楚。随后将针管从血管中抽出,用姆指和其它手指握紧针管壳体的抓手部2 2并用一只手指朝远端方向推动凸舌34将导管50穿入血管内。这个动作将导管套头52推离针管护套头部60,将导管向前推进。当针管护套开始从针管壳体的远端伸出、以致推动凸舌34超越使用者手指可达到的范围时,使用者可用手指接触凸脊32来继续将针管护套向远端推动。
这个动作最后将使导管正确地穿入血管内并将针管从病人身体完全抽出。随后将针管护套30向前推到尽头。此时,回流腔26的带拔稍的近端部分将针管护套槽36的缩窄的近端部分92扩大,直到缩窄部分92与开孔74接合为止。在针管护套从针管壳体外伸至尽长时,缩窄部分92与开孔74接合,将针管护套30锁住。随后可将针管24、壳体20和护套30放在一边,不必担心会意外弄伤使用者或其它人。
图4a示出设在导管套头内的阀膜在装配时被针管刺穿的情况;图4b示出该阀膜在针管撤出后封闭以防止血液回流的情况;图4c示出路厄氏装置在连接到导管上时将阀膜开启器向前推动从而将阀膜上的孔打开的情况。从图3、4a、4b和4c中可以清楚地看出,导管50和导管套头52组件装有本发明的阀膜装置100。此阀膜装置100放置在导管套头52内并含有一个单向阀膜110。此阀膜在针管24插入导管50之前原是密封住的。此阀膜110主要是由一种韧性密封垫材料、诸如已知的塑料、橡胶或任何其它的单向阀用材料制成。在塑料套头导引针管24插入导管50的组件时,阀膜110就被刺穿,如从图4a中清楚地示出的那样。因此,针管24导入病人体内的其余过程跟当前采用的过程一样。
在图4b中可清楚地看出,针管24已从导管50和导管套头52组件中撤出。在针管从导管套头52抽出以后,阀膜110即闭合。应当注意到,在针管抽出时,实现了导管组件10的运作方面的两个显著的改进。首先,跟其它装置不同,本发明的导管组件10防止了血液通过导管50泄漏进入回流腔26内。通常,流出体外的血液具有大约每平方英寸2磅的压力。阀膜110要设计成使它能承受住压力大于每平方英寸3磅或超过正常人极限值相当多的往外流的血液流,防止血液通过导管50进入回流腔26内。即使阀膜110嵌入导管组件10内,阀膜110也要设计成使之在针管从导管50抽出的过程中不对针管24产生摩擦阻力。其所以这样是因为阀膜110通常设计成一种“鸭嘴形”阀或者类似构形的阀,并让针管24能平滑地从导管中撤出。在针管24从导管50撤出时,阀膜单向地闭合,使血液不能流入回流腔26内。
在图3和图4c中还可以看出,导管套头52还含有阀膜开启器120。阀膜开启器120一般为圆筒形并含有鼻状开启装置122。这种鼻状开启装置122在嵌入后贴服地配置在阀膜110内。导管套头52内还固定有一个项圈装置160。当将路厄氏装置150装到导管套头52上时,此项圈装置160将阀膜开启器120保持就位。在路厄氏装置150装在导管套头52的凸缘58处时,静脉输注液跟导管50连通,使之可以输入人体内。
当路厄氏装置150装到导管套头52上时,项圈装置160将阀膜开启器120保持就位,使阀膜开启器120的鼻状开启装置122前进以打开阀膜110。这在图4c中可以清楚地看出。这样,当阀膜110打开时,营养液就能够输入人体内。
重要的是,虽然这时路厄氏装置150迫使阀膜开启器120打开,将路厄氏装置150固定到导管套头52上所需的力、或是打开阀膜110所需的力都没有显著的增大。因此,实施本发明的这种导管控制阀装置不会带来外加的步骤或使使用者更费力。此外,开启装置122设计成使它将阀膜开启到维持导管50内的流率所需的程度。因此,在导管50内实现了同样的流率。这样,在实施本发明的过程中,不会损害导管组件的工作性能。
这样,公开了一种如上所述的带阀装置的导管套头装置。应当理解到,通过这种控制阀装置所描述的本发明可以在下面的权利要求书中了解清楚。

Claims (11)

1.一种导管组件,它包含有:
一个具有一个敞开顶部的半管状针管壳体;
一个设在所述针管壳体内部并具有一个空心针管从其远端伸出的回流腔;
一个具有一个近端和一个远端的管状针管护套,该针管护套可滑动地设置在所述针管壳体内并在其远端包括有一个用作所述空心针管穿过的通道的开孔,并且包容着所述回流腔;
一套适于装在所述针管护套的远端上的导管与导管套头组件;
其特征在于所述导管组件还包含有一套安装在该导管套头内的阀装置与阀装置开启器组件,其中该开启器在所述导管套头内可滑动地安置成使该开启器不能够跟该针管护套接合,并且该导管套头可连接到一个路厄氏装置上,使得在该路厄氏装置连接到该导管套头上时该阀装置开启器接触该路厄氏装置并滑动来打开该阀装置。
2.按权利要求1所述的组件,其特征在于,该阀装置让液体可以从该开启器一侧流到所述导管一侧,并且在所述阀装置开启器不与所述阀装置接合时阻止液体从该导管一侧流到该开启器一侧。
3.按权利要求2所述的组件,其特征在于,所述阀装置能阻挡住压力达到每平方英寸约3磅的液体流。
4.按权利要求2所述的组件,其特征在于,所述阀装置是一个鸭嘴形阀装置。
5.按权利要求4所述的组件,其特征在于,所述针管可从所述阀装置抽回而同时能保持密封住不让液体从所述导管一侧流到所述开启器一侧。
6.一种导管组件,它包含有:
一个具有一个敞开顶部的半管状针管壳体;
一个设在所述针管壳体内部并具有一个空心针管从其远端伸出的回流腔;
一个具有一个近端和一个远端的管状针管护套,该针管护套可滑动地设置在所述针管壳体内并在其远端包括有一个用作所述空心针管穿过的通道的开孔,并且包容着所述回流腔;
一套适于装在所述针管护套的远端上的导管与导管套头组件;
其特征在于所述导管组件还包含有一套在所述导管套头内安置成使所述开启器不能够跟所述针头护套相接合的阀装置与阀装置开启器组件,所述阀装置设有一常闭阀膜,所述开启器在一端上具有一个可插入该阀膜内以打开该阀膜并让液体流过该阀装置的鼻形开启装置。
7.按权利要求6所述的组件,其特征在于,该阀装置让液体可以从该开启器的一侧流到所述导管一侧,并在鼻形开启装置不与该阀膜接合时阻止液体从该导管一侧流到该开启器一侧。
8.按权利要求6所述的组件,其特征在于,所述导管套头可连接到一个路厄氏装置上,使得在该路厄氏装置连接到该导管套头上时该阀装置开启器接触该路厄氏装置并滑动来打开该阀装置。
9.按权利要求6所述的组件,其特征在于,所述阀装置保持密封住不让液体从所述导管一侧流到所述回流腔一侧。
10.按权利要求6所述的组件,其特征在于,所述阀膜能阻挡住压力达到每平方英寸约3磅的液体流。
11.按权利要求6的所述的组件,其特征在于,所述阀膜是一个鸭嘴形阀装置。
CN91100952A 1990-02-01 1991-01-31 带控制阀装置的导管 Expired - Fee Related CN1031863C (zh)

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US07/474,595 US5053014A (en) 1990-02-01 1990-02-01 Catheter with controlled valve
US474,595 1990-02-01

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CN1031863C true CN1031863C (zh) 1996-05-29

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101296720B (zh) * 2005-10-25 2011-11-23 贝克顿·迪金森公司 一件式低阻力中隔件

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PT96620A (pt) 1991-11-29
HK2397A (en) 1997-01-10
DE69115064D1 (de) 1996-01-18
JP3298649B2 (ja) 2002-07-02
BR9100416A (pt) 1991-10-22
CA2035251A1 (en) 1991-08-02
DK0440479T3 (da) 1996-01-02
NZ236898A (en) 1994-02-25
US5053014A (en) 1991-10-01
KR910021252A (ko) 1991-12-20
GR910100042A (en) 1992-06-30
PT96620B (pt) 1998-08-31
ES2089125T3 (es) 1996-10-01
AR247338A1 (es) 1994-12-29
MX173223B (es) 1994-02-09
ZA91779B (en) 1992-10-28
DE69115064T2 (de) 1996-08-08
GR1001056B (el) 1993-04-28
AU7017591A (en) 1991-08-08
EP0440479A2 (en) 1991-08-07
KR0173314B1 (ko) 1999-02-18
CA2035251C (en) 2002-07-16
CN1053748A (zh) 1991-08-14
AU646424B2 (en) 1994-02-24
EP0440479A3 (en) 1991-12-18
JPH04212375A (ja) 1992-08-03
EP0440479B1 (en) 1995-12-06

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