CN103453750A - Absorption dryer exhaust gas waste heat recovery system and method for drying material by using same - Google Patents
Absorption dryer exhaust gas waste heat recovery system and method for drying material by using same Download PDFInfo
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- CN103453750A CN103453750A CN2013103833883A CN201310383388A CN103453750A CN 103453750 A CN103453750 A CN 103453750A CN 2013103833883 A CN2013103833883 A CN 2013103833883A CN 201310383388 A CN201310383388 A CN 201310383388A CN 103453750 A CN103453750 A CN 103453750A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an absorption dryer exhaust gas waste heat recovery system. The absorption dryer exhaust gas waste heat recovery system comprises an absorption subsystem, a regeneration subsystem, a steam injector and a dryer, wherein the absorption subsystem comprises an absorber, evaporating heating surface pipes and a steam drum, wherein the regeneration subsystem comprises a first-effect regenerator, a middle regenerator and a last-effect regenerator; the last-effect regenerator is open; the absorber is provided with at least four ports, i.e., a gas side inlet, a gas side outlet, a solution inlet and a solution outlet; the gas side inlet is connected with an exhaust port of the dryer; the gas side outlet is connected with an air inlet of the dryer; the solution inlet is connected with a solution outlet of the last-effect evaporator; the solution outlet is connected with an inlet of the first-effect regenerator; both inlets and outlets of the evaporating heating surface pipes are connected with the steam drum; a steam-water separator steam outlet is arranged in the steam drum to be connected with the steam injector; an outlet of the steam injector is connected with the dryer; a high-pressure inlet is connected with external steam; a low-pressure inlet is connected with the steam drum. The absorption dryer exhaust gas waste heat recovery system has the advantages that the drying energy consumption can be greatly reduced, the exhaust gas waste heat of the dyer can be recovered and drying heat source steam can be produced.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the industrial energy saving field, relate to a kind of employing solution absorption process, reclaim the dryer heat extraction and produce the energy saver of drying thermal source steam, be specifically related to a kind of absorption dryer exhaust waste heat recovery system and utilize the method for this system material drying.
Background technology
Oven dry is the production technology that industrial circle is commonly used, is also the production link that energy consumption intensity is higher simultaneously.Drying course can be sketched and be: wet stock enters dryer, in dryer, by heat carrier (steam, hot blast, heat conduction wet goods), heated, the moisture evaporation, for maintaining Drying Rates desirable in dryer, the moisture be evaporated is sent into continuously the fresh dry air of dryer and is discharged dryer, to maintain relative humidity lower in drying environment, thereby guarantee certain mass transfer force, moisture and air are finally discharged with the form of damp-heat air.The energy overwhelming majority that typical case's drying course consumes finally is discharged in atmosphere with the form of damp-heat air, and the exhaust heat waste of dryer can account for more than 80% of whole process energy consumption.Therefore, dry exhaust and there are very large UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN potentiality.And traditional heat recovery method be take heat exchange as main, in general dry delivery temperature relatively low, adopt the heat exchange meeting further to reduce the temperature recovered energy, thereby reduce its availability.In addition, in exhaust, a large amount of energy exists with the form of vapour latent heat, adopts heat exchange to reclaim latent heat, temperature need be reduced to below dew point, has further reduced the temperature recovered energy, and economy is poor
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to the above-mentioned deficiency of prior art, provide a kind of and can significantly reduce the exhaust waste heat of drying energy consumption, also can reclaim dryer, produce the absorption dryer exhaust waste heat recovery system of drying thermal source steam.
For realizing above-mentioned technical goal, the technical solution used in the present invention is: a kind of absorption dryer exhaust waste heat recovery system comprises regeneration subsystem for the regeneration of liquid hygroscopic agent, for heating the absorption subsystem that produces steam, for the steam ejector that supplements external steam with for the dryer of material drying;
Described regeneration subsystem comprises an effect regenerator (first order regenerator), some grades of intermediate regenerators (second level regenerator) and end effect regenerator (third level regenerator); Described end effect regenerator is the open type evaporimeter that hygroscopic agent wherein directly contacts with surrounding air; Described absorption subsystem comprises evaporation heating facial canal, the drum (drum) of absorber, absorber inside;
Described absorber at least has gas side-entrance (air inlet), gas side outlet (gas outlet) and solution inlet port, four interfaces of taphole, and the gas side-entrance is connected with the exhaust outlet of dryer, and the gas side outlet is connected with the air inlet of dryer; Solution inlet port is connected with end effect regenerator taphole, and taphole is connected with an effect regenerator entrance; Described evaporation heating facial canal is imported and exported and all is connected with drum, in the evaporation heating facial canal, is the water wing passage, and pipe is outer to be contacted with hygroscopic agent, hot-air; Steam-water separator steam (vapor) outlet (being the steam (vapor) outlet of steam-water separator) is set in described drum to be connected with steam ejector;
Described steam ejector (similar with jet pump) outlet is connected with dryer, and high pressure entry connects external steam, and low-pressure inlet is connected with drum.
An effect regenerator of the present invention is external Steam Heating by outer thermal source, and the steam be evaporated is as the thermal source of heating subordinate's regenerator (second level regenerator); The Steam Heating that described intergrade regenerator is evaporated by the regenerator of upper level, without outer thermal source; Described end effect regenerator is open type (open directly contact with outside air) evaporimeter, and hygroscopic agent wherein directly contacts with surrounding air, the Steam Heating be evaporated by upper level regenerator (second level regenerator).
The above-mentioned absorber of the present invention can adopt filling absorber, falling-film absorber or sieve plate absorber etc.
The present invention also provides a kind of method of utilizing above-mentioned absorption oven dry exhaust waste heat recovery system material drying, operating procedure:
(1) place material to be dried in dryer, at first the external steam in steam ejector enters dryer heating material is dried; Exhaust ports at dryer is provided with absorber, and the liquid hygroscopic agent in absorber directly contacts with the exhaust out of dryer exhaust outlet, absorbs moisture in exhaust and discharges vapour latent heat simultaneously and promote the temperature of hygroscopic agent thermal exhaust conversely;
(2) exhaust that water capacity reduces, temperature rises after dehumidifying is delivered to the dryer air inlet and is replaced new air, thereby reduces the required energy of preheated air;
(3) arrange the evaporation heating facial canal in absorber, with the feedwater in the hygroscopic agent heating evaporation heating surface tube after step (1) lifting temperature, feedwater simultaneously becomes saturated vapor after absorbing the vapour latent heat that in the dryer exhaust, moisture discharges, supply with dryer by drum and use, thereby reduce the demand of dryer to external steam;
(4) absorbing in the dryer exhaust hygroscopic agent after moisture in absorber enters in regeneration subsystem and regenerates;
Pass into external Steam Heating in (5) one effect regenerators, the indirect steam produced is for subordinate's regenerator (being intermediate regenerator); The final stage regenerator is the open type operation, hygroscopic agent wherein directly contacts with surrounding air, utilize the low characteristics of steam partial pressure in surrounding air, evaporate water vapour, make hygroscopic agent get back to original state (not absorbing the hygroscopic agent before moisture in the dryer exhaust);
The hygroscopic agent used in the present invention is liquid hygroscopic agent, and described liquid hygroscopic agent will meet the following conditions:
(1) saturated vapor pressure is large with change in concentration: ie in solution, under higher concentration, lower temperature conditions, should have lower saturated steam dividing potential drop, is conducive to absorb steam; Solution is under higher temperature conditions, and the surface water vapor pressure, as far as possible higher than the surface water vapor pressure of air, is conducive to regeneration;
(2) in absorber, be swift in response, concentrated solution and gas reach balance fast, and the heat release of absorber is contained in should be enough rapid in dispersion mixing and diabatic process, and this point should be met by fluid high-dissolvability and low viscosity characteristics;
(3) crystallization temperature under each concentration of solution is lower.Solution concentration is higher, and water absorbing properties is stronger, but crystallization appears in the solution solution of high concentration, can cause pipeline blockage, and crystallization has limited the solution concentration upper limit that can use;
(4) the solute saturated vapor in hygroscopic agent forces down, not volatile;
(5) nontoxic, chemical stability good.
Therefore, the above-mentioned liquid hygroscopic agent of the present invention is any one or the multiple mixture in lithium bromide water solution, water lithium chloride solution, calcium chloride water and the alkyl imidazole ionic liquid aqueous solution.
As preferably, the described alkyl imidazole ionic liquid aqueous solution is 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazole tetrafluoro boric acid saline solution or the chloro 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazole aqueous solution.
Saturated vapor pressure and its concentration of liquid hygroscopic agent are closely related, and the concentration of liquid hygroscopic agent is higher, and its saturated vapor pressure is lower, and effect on moisture extraction is better; Liquid hygroscopic agent concentration is higher simultaneously, and when its absorption steam reaches capacity, temperature is higher, and the coolant-temperature gage in heat-transfer pipe is higher; The temperature of selecting concentration and damp-heat air, the water capacity of liquid hygroscopic agent, and the saturation temperature of Low Temperature Steam, pressure are closely related, and also relevant with the temperature of the high-temperature steam that will produce.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:
(1) the present invention adopts liquid hygroscopic agent to absorb the steam in damp-heat air, and the mode of this gas-liquid heat exchange has obviously improved heat transfer efficiency, has accelerated heat transfer rate;
(2) adopt open caloic exchange, fully reclaim the steam latent heat of drying in exhaust under higher temperature, improved the energy recovery efficiency of system, and promoted the temperature of Waste Heat Recovery;
(3) arrange heating surface tube in absorber, produce on the one hand steam as the heat source of drying, reduce on the other hand and absorb temperature, improve effect on moisture extraction;
(4) adopt multiple-effect regenerator regeneration hygroscopic agent, reduce the energy consumption of hygroscopic agent regeneration;
(5) the final stage regenerator is taked the open type method of operation, utilizes the characteristics that the ambient water partial vapour pressure is lower, has reduced the temperature requirement of regenerator thermal source, realizes the effect of hygroscopic agent concentration simultaneously;
(6) adopt steam ejector, make the low-pressure steam and the external steam of high pressure that produce in regenerator, improved the heating-up temperature of dryer thermal source.
The accompanying drawing explanation
The absorption dryer exhaust waste heat of accompanying drawing the present invention recovery system flow chart.
As shown in the figure: 1. regeneration subsystem, 2, absorb subsystem, 3, steam ejector, 4, dryer, 5, absorber, 6, the evaporation heating facial canal, 7, drum (drum), 8, an effect regenerator (first order regenerator), 9, intermediate regenerator (second level regenerator), 10, end effect regenerator (third level regenerator).
The specific embodiment
Below by embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail, but the present invention not only is confined to following examples.
Embodiment:
With the mud of day mummification 450t initial aqueous rate 80%, final mummification moisture content 40% is example, needs the saturated vapor 341.10t/d of 0.5MPa gauge pressure before transformation; By absorption dryer exhaust waste heat recovery system of the present invention, steam consumption quantity is reduced to 176.78t/d, and total fractional energy savings is about 48%.Its energy saving way is: 1, the high temperature circulation air has replaced surrounding air, makes the mummification heat demand reduce approximately 18%; 2, produce steam in absorber, to dryer, provide heat, this part heat accounts for former total calorific requirement 52%, and in fact this part heat comes from the vapour latent heat in exhaust; 3,, by the optimal design of regeneration subsystem, in regeneration subsystem, the extra heat dissipation that increases only accounts for 22% of former total calorific requirement.Refer to computational chart 1.
By reference to the accompanying drawings, concrete operating procedure is:
(1) place material (mud of 450t initial aqueous rate 80%) to be dried in dryer 4, at first the external steam in steam ejector 3 enters 4 pairs of heating materials oven dry of dryer; Exhaust ports at dryer 4 is provided with absorption subsystem 2, the gas side-entrance that absorbs the absorber 5 in subsystem 2 is connected with the exhaust outlet of dryer 4, liquid hygroscopic agent in absorber 5 directly contacts with the exhaust out of dryer 4 exhaust outlets, absorbs moisture in exhaust and discharges vapour latent heat simultaneously and promote the temperature of hygroscopic agent thermal exhaust conversely;
(2) exhaust that water capacity reduces, temperature rises after dehumidifying is delivered to dryer 4 air inlets and is replaced new air, thereby reduces the required energy of preheated air in dryer;
(3) arrange evaporation heating facial canal 6(coil pipe in absorber 5), with the feedwater in the liquid hygroscopic agent heating evaporation heating surface tube after step (1) lifting temperature, feedwater simultaneously becomes saturated vapor after absorbing the vapour latent heat that in the dryer exhaust, moisture discharges, supply with dryer 4 after low-pressure inlet by the steam ejector 3 that is communicated with drum 7 and external steam and use, thereby reduce the demand of dryer to external steam;
(4) absorb the liquid hygroscopic agent after moisture in the dryer exhaust in absorber 4 and enter regeneration in regeneration subsystem 1;
(5) pass into external Steam Heating in the effect of one in regeneration subsystem 1 regenerator 8, the indirect steam produced is for subordinate's regenerator (being intermediate regenerator 9); Final stage regenerator 10 is the open type operation, liquid hygroscopic agent wherein directly contacts with surrounding air, utilize the low characteristics of steam partial pressure in surrounding air, evaporate water vapour, make liquid hygroscopic agent get back to original state and do not absorb the liquid hygroscopic agent before moisture in the dryer exhaust, thereby realize recycling of liquid hygroscopic agent regeneration.
In accompanying drawing
for the liquid medium trend,
for the gaseous medium trend.
The absorption dryer exhaust waste heat of table 1. recovery system operational factor table
| Sequence number | Title | Numerical value | Unit |
| 1 | Delivery temperature | 90 | ℃ |
| 2 | Exhaust relative humidity | 45 | % |
| 3 | The exhaust water capacity | 0.234 | kg/kgd.a. |
| 4 | The exhaust enthalpy | 727.1 | kJ/kg |
| 5 | The entrance solution temperature | 70 | |
| 6 | The entrance solution concentration | 65 | % |
| 7 | The absorber mean temperature | 115.6 | ℃ |
| 8 | The absorber vapor (steam) temperature | 110 | |
| 9 | The absorber steam pressure | 0.143 | |
| 10 | The mixed vapour temperature | 120 | ℃ |
| 11 | Circulating air temperature | 95 | ℃ |
| 12 | Circulated air relative humidity | 5 | % |
| 13 | The circulated air water capacity | 0.0271 | kg/kgd.a. |
| 14 | The circulated air enthalpy | 168.3 | kJ/kg |
| 15 | The hygroscopic agent mass concentration | 53 | % |
| 16 | One effect regenerator temperature | 150 | ℃ |
| 17 | One effect regenerator dividing potential drop | 0.151 | Mpa |
| 18 | The intermediate regeneration actuator temperature | 110 | ℃ |
| 19 | The intermediate regenerator dividing potential drop | 0.0318 | Mpa |
| 20 | The end effect regenerator temperature | 65 | ℃ |
| 21 | End effect regenerator dividing potential drop | 0.0015 | Mpa |
The original process energy consumption computational chart of table 2.
| Sequence number | Title | Numerical value | Unit | Remarks |
| 1 | Wet sludge quantity | 450 | t | Wet basis |
| 2 | Wet mud water capacity | 80% | - | ? |
| 3 | The dewatered sludge amount | 225 | t | ? |
| 4 | Dry mud water capacity | 40% | - | ? |
| 5 | Evaporated water | 225 | t | ? |
| 6 | Wet muddy water enthalpy | 83.93 | kJ/kg | By 20 ℃ |
| 7 | Steam enthalpy in exhaust | 2665 | kJ/kg | By 90 ℃, relative humidity 50% |
| 8 | The exhaust water capacity | 0.234 | kg/kgd.a. | By 90 ℃, relative humidity 50% |
| 9 | The surrounding air water capacity | 0.0072 | kg/kgd.a. | By 20 ℃, relative humidity 50% |
| 10 | Air capacity | 992.06 | t | ? |
| 11 | The surrounding air enthalpy | 38.57 | kJ/kg | By 20 ℃, relative humidity 50% |
| 12 | Exhaust Air enthalpy | 110 | kJ/kg | ? |
| 13 | The water section enthalpy increases | 2581.07 | kJ/kg | ? |
| 14 | Air part enthalpy increases | 71.43 | kJ/kg | ? |
| 15 | Dewatered sludge specific heat | 0.9 | kJ/kg.K | ? |
| 16 | The dewatered sludge enthalpy increases | 63 | kJ/kg | ? |
| 17 | Total enthalpy increases | 665778.8 | MJ | ? |
| 18 | Unknown losses | 15% | ? | ? |
| 19 | Calorific requirement | 783269.2 | MJ | ? |
| 20 | The thermal source steam enthalpy | 2758 | kJ/kg | ? |
| 21 | The condensate water enthalpy | 461.7 | kJ/kg | ? |
| 22 | The steam heat release | 2296.3 | kJ/kg | ? |
| 23 | Steam consumption quantity | 341.10 | t | ? |
(system of the present invention) energy consumption calculation table after table 3. transformation
Claims (6)
1. an absorption dryer exhaust waste heat recovery system is characterized in that: comprise regeneration subsystem (1) for liquid hygroscopic agent regeneration, for heating the absorption subsystem (2) that produces steam, for the steam ejector (3) that supplements external steam with for the dryer (4) of material drying;
Described regeneration subsystem (1) comprises an effect regenerator (8), some grades of intermediate regenerators (9) and end effect regenerator (10); Described end effect regenerator (10) is the open type evaporimeter that hygroscopic agent wherein directly contacts with surrounding air;
Described absorption subsystem (2) comprises evaporation heating facial canal (6), the drum (7) of absorber (5), absorber inside;
Described absorber (5) at least has gas side-entrance, gas side outlet and solution inlet port, four interfaces of taphole, and the gas side-entrance is connected with the exhaust outlet of dryer (4), and the gas side outlet is connected with the air inlet of dryer (4); The solution inlet port of absorber is connected with the taphole of end effect regenerator (10), and the taphole of absorber is connected with the entrance of an effect regenerator (8); Described evaporation heating facial canal (6) import and export all is connected with drum (7), in evaporation heating facial canal (6), is the water wing passage, and evaporation heating facial canal (6) is outer to be contacted with hygroscopic agent, hot-air; The steam-water separator steam (vapor) outlet is set in described drum (7) to be connected with steam ejector (3);
The outlet of described steam ejector (3) is connected with dryer, and high pressure entry connects external steam, and low-pressure inlet is connected with drum (7).
2. absorption dryer exhaust waste heat recovery system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described absorber is filling absorber, falling-film absorber or sieve plate absorber.
3. absorption dryer exhaust waste heat recovery system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: a described effect regenerator (8) is external Steam Heating by outer thermal source, and the steam be evaporated is the thermal source of second level regenerator as heating subordinate regenerator; The Steam Heating that described intermediate regenerator (9) is evaporated by the regenerator of upper level, without outer thermal source; Described end effect regenerator (10) is the open type evaporimeter, and hygroscopic agent wherein directly contacts with surrounding air, by higher level's Steam Heating.
4. a method of utilizing absorption oven dry exhaust waste heat recovery system material drying, it is characterized in that: step comprises:
(1) place material to be dried in dryer, at first the external steam in steam ejector enters dryer heating material is dried; Exhaust ports at dryer is provided with absorber, and the liquid hygroscopic agent in absorber directly contacts with the exhaust out of dryer exhaust outlet, absorbs moisture in exhaust and discharges vapour latent heat simultaneously and promote the temperature of hygroscopic agent thermal exhaust conversely;
(2) exhaust that after dehumidifying in absorber, water capacity reduces, temperature rises is delivered to the dryer air inlet and replace new air, thereby reduce the required energy of dryer preheated air;
(3) arrange the evaporation heating facial canal in absorber, with the feedwater in the liquid hygroscopic agent heating evaporation heating surface tube after step (1) lifting temperature, become saturated vapor after feedwater in the evaporation heating facial canal absorbs the vapour latent heat that in the dryer exhaust, moisture discharges simultaneously, supply with dryer by drum and use, thereby reduce the demand of dryer to external steam;
(4) absorbing in the dryer exhaust the liquid hygroscopic agent after moisture in absorber enters in regeneration subsystem and regenerates;
Pass into external Steam Heating in (5) one effect regenerators, the indirect steam produced is intermediate regenerator for subordinate's regenerator; The final stage regenerator is the open type operation, and liquid hygroscopic agent wherein directly contacts with surrounding air, utilizes the low characteristics of steam partial pressure in surrounding air, evaporates water vapour, makes liquid hygroscopic agent get back to original state.
5. the method for utilizing absorption oven dry exhaust waste heat recovery system material drying according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: described liquid hygroscopic agent is any one in lithium bromide water solution, water lithium chloride solution, calcium chloride water and the alkyl imidazole ionic liquid aqueous solution.
6. the method for utilizing absorption oven dry exhaust waste heat recovery system material drying according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: the described alkyl imidazole ionic liquid aqueous solution is 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazole tetrafluoro boric acid saline solution or the chloro 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazole aqueous solution.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103672835A (en) * | 2013-12-19 | 2014-03-26 | 浙江大学宁波理工学院 | Hot and humid gas energy recovery high-temperature heat production system |
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| US4189848A (en) * | 1977-08-04 | 1980-02-26 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Department Of Energy | Energy-efficient regenerative liquid desiccant drying process |
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