CN103605158A - Determination method and device for maximum geophone offset - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a determination method and device for a maximum geophone offset. The method includes: acquiring different single-shot earthquake data in a work area; calculating a root-mean-square amplitude energy value of each path of earthquake data at a selected time window; processing the mean-square-root amplitude energy values and generating new mean-square-root amplitude energy values; carrying out exponential-curve fitting on new mean-square-root amplitude energy values from (N-t+1)th to Nth path and determining the total number of paths received by arrays after fitting continuation through the continuation; determining the average efficiency of changes of the mean-square-root amplitude energy values of earthquake data of adjacent paths and determining comprehensive amplitude energy values according to the average efficiency and the new mean-square-root amplitude energy values; using the positions of the paths with the maximum comprehensive amplitude energy value as the single-shot maximum geophone offsets and taking the positions with the largest number of single-shot maximum geophone offsets as the maximum geophone offset of the work area. The determination method and device for the maximum geophone offset do not require establishment of an earthquake model and take effects of outdoor interference waves and the like on the maximum geophone offset into consideration so that an appropriate maximum geophone offset can be determined and earthquake-exploration outdoor acquisition material of high-quality can be acquired.

Description

A kind of maximum offset is determined method and device

Technical field

The present invention relates to geophysical prospecting for oil acquisition technique, particularly based on real data zone of interest energy, determine the method for maximum offset, is that a kind of maximum offset is determined method and device concretely.

Background technology

In seismic data acquisition, the selection of maximum offset is that recording geometry designs a vital parameter, because it affects the Disposal quality of latter earthquake data and explain effect aspect a lot.Andreas Cordsen had once summed up the factor that maximum offset design will be considered in detail: 1, maximum offset is approximately equal to the buried depth of dark zone of interest; 2, the reflection of fundamental purpose layer should be avoided the interference of direct wave; 3, the reflection of fundamental purpose layer should be avoided the interference of first break refraction; 4, maximum offset is less than the critical refraction geophone offset of dark zone of interest, and meets reflection coefficient stability requirement; 5, maximum offset should meet the geophone offset of the darkest low velocity layer (LVL) requirement; 6, reach velocity analysis permissible accuracy; 7, meet NMO stretching distortion requirement; 8, meet the requirement of Multiple attenuation; 9, meet the requirement that AVO analyzes; 10, consider the ability (as the length of existing cable) etc. of data acquisition equipment.From above-mentioned these factors, can find out, some factors requires larger maximum offset, and some wishes that maximum offset is the smaller the better, so designer should take into account each factor compromise and selects a best maximum offset parameter.In recent years, also there were a lot of scholars to carry out detailed analysis discussion to above-mentioned factor.The good selection that maximum offset while there is " reversal point " has been discussed from AVO curvilinear characteristic angle of bear in 1992 gold; The impact of maximum offset on seismic imaging discussed in the aspects such as ray tracing, the simulation by geologic model excites and spectrum analysis Fu in 2005 towards Kui etc., and driven school stretch distortion, velocity analysis accuracy requirement, interference wave excision and reflection coefficient be stable respectively; Luo Bin in 2005 etc. have discussed the impact of maximum offset and lateral resolution vertical on earthquake according to NMO stretching and Fresnel zone size.Except the above-mentioned comprehensive qualitative analysis that maximum offset is selected, a lot of scholars also conduct in-depth research the quantitative calculating of maximum offset.The relation based between maximum offset and nmo stretching distortion such as Gu Peicheng in 1998, and consider the practical formula of the restriction of geophone offset having been extrapolated to an estimation maximum offset of excising; The concept based on generalized seismic spatial resolution such as Chen Hao woodss in 2009, has set up the quantitative expression formula between a maximum offset and the zone of interest degree of depth.Be not difficult to find, above scholar carries out the research of maximum offset method for designing based on HORIZONTAL LAYERED MEDIUM WITH HIGH ACCURACY assumed condition.When the vertical, horizontal of earth's surface or subsurface formations changes when violent, the recording geometry parameter of design is generally difficult to meet the requirement of seismic resolution and imaging according to a conventional method.

The deficiency existing based on said method design maximum offset, people start to utilize seismic event illumination energy to distribute to analyze and design earthquake acquisition parameter.The contribution to zone of interest general lighting energy is observed by continuing to increase spread length by 2006 Nian Dongliang states etc., thereby determines an effective spread length scope; Zhao Hu in 2011 etc., on the basis of seismic illumination simulation, by probing into the relation between wave detector received energy and receiving efficiency, have formed the maximum offset design that receives illumination energy maximizing efficiency based on wave detector; The people such as Xu Feng in 2012, on the basis of seismic illumination, build geologic model and carry out numerical simulation, according to recording geometry, receive zone of interest energy maximum and most effective principle, accumulation energy and energy derivative are combined to design maximum offset.Above-mentioned several method of determining maximum offset based on purpose of model layer energy, need to set up geologic model, is difficult to meet the requirement of surveying accuracy in practical application, and simultaneously these methods are not considered the impact of noise jamming ripple in actual excitation process etc.

In sum, the method of design maximum offset has a lot, but severe for earth's surface geographical environment in current seismic prospecting, geology of deep part complicated condition, underground structure horizontal change the complex area such as acutely, existing method is the defect of various degrees all, is usually difficult to obtain suitable maximum offset.The choice relation of maximum offset is to the effect of earthquake-capturing, designs suitable maximum offset and seems and be even more important.

Summary of the invention

The invention provides a kind of maximum offset and determine method, comprising:

Gather single big gun geological data in work area;

Calculate the RMS amplitude energy of described single big gun geological data Ge road geological data in selecting timing window;

According to formula (1), the RMS amplitude energy of described each road geological data is processed, generated new RMS amplitude energy, formula (1) is:

b _i=A _i/2+(A _i+1+A _i-1)/4i=2,…,N-1 （1）

Wherein, i is the road sequence number that described single big gun geological data is arranged reception channel, and N is the reception channel number that single big gun geological data is arranged, A _ifor in the RMS amplitude energy of i road geological data in selecting timing window;

The new RMS amplitude energy in N road, described N-t+1 road to the is carried out to exponential curve fitting, continuation to be determined after matching continuation and arranges and receive Zong road number;

The av eff of determining the RMS amplitude energy variation of the adjacent road geological data that each road geological data is corresponding according to formula (2), formula (2) is:

$Q_i=\frac{1}{i}\underset{m=1}{\overset{i}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}|b_m-b_{m+1}|,i=2,...,M-1---\left(2\right)$

Wherein, M arranges and receives Zong road number after matching continuation, and m is sequence number, 1≤m≤i;

According to formula (3) and definite av eff, new RMS amplitude energy, determine the amplitude energy of each road geological data, formula (3) is:

$C_i=(\frac{1}{i}+\frac{E_i}{E_{i-1}})E_i+Q_i,i=2,...,M---\left(3\right)$

Wherein, E _ifor the 1st road that receive to arrange is to the b in step 3) corresponding to i road _mand,

m is sequence number, 1≤m≤i;

By the position in the road of one geological data of described definite amplitude energy maximum as single big gun maximum offset;

Position that single big gun maximum offset number the is maximum maximum offset as described work area will be there is in work area.

Meanwhile, the present invention also provides a kind of maximum offset determining device, comprising:

Acquisition module, for gathering single big gun geological data in work area;

RMS amplitude energy computing module, for calculating the RMS amplitude energy of described single big gun geological data Ge road geological data in selecting timing window;

New RMS amplitude energy computing module, for the RMS amplitude energy of described each road geological data being processed according to formula (1), generates new RMS amplitude energy, and formula (1) is:

b _i=A _i/2+(A _i+1+A _i-1)/4i=2,…,N-1 （1）

Wherein, i is the road sequence number that described single big gun geological data is arranged reception channel, and N is the reception channel number that single big gun geological data is arranged, A _ifor in the RMS amplitude energy of i road geological data in selecting timing window;

Matching continuation module, determines after matching continuation and arranges and receive Zong road number for the new RMS amplitude energy in N road, described N-t+1 road to the being carried out to exponential curve fitting, continuation;

Av eff computing module, for determine the av eff of the RMS amplitude energy variation of the adjacent road geological data that each road geological data is corresponding according to formula (2), formula (2) is:

$Q_i=\frac{1}{i}\underset{m=1}{\overset{i}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}|b_m-b_{m+1}|,i=2,...,M-1---\left(2\right)$

Wherein, M arranges and receives Zong road number after matching continuation, and m is sequence number, 1≤m≤i;

Amplitude energy computing module, for determining the amplitude energy of each road geological data according to formula (3) and definite av eff, new RMS amplitude energy, formula (3) is:

$C_i=(\frac{1}{i}+\frac{E_i}{E_{i-1}})E_i+Q_i,i=2,...,M---\left(3\right)$

Wherein, E _ifor the 1st road that receive to arrange is to the b in step 3) corresponding to i road _mand,

m is sequence number, 1≤m≤i;

Single big gun maximum offset determination module, for by the position in the road of one geological data of described definite amplitude energy maximum as single big gun maximum offset;

Maximum offset determination module, will have position that single big gun maximum offset number the is maximum maximum offset as described work area in work area.

The present invention does not need to set up seismic model, considered the impact on maximum offset such as field interference wave, the complex area that, geology of deep part complicated condition severe to earth's surface geographical environment in seismic prospecting, underground structure horizontal change are violent etc., can determine suitable maximum offset, thereby obtain high-quality field earthquake prospecting collection data.

For above and other object of the present invention, feature and advantage can be become apparent, preferred embodiment cited below particularly, and coordinate appended graphicly, be described in detail below.

Accompanying drawing explanation

In order to be illustrated more clearly in the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, to the accompanying drawing of required use in embodiment or description of the Prior Art be briefly described below, apparently, accompanying drawing in the following describes is only some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skills, do not paying under the prerequisite of creative work, can also obtain according to these accompanying drawings other accompanying drawing.

Fig. 1 is the process flow diagram that a kind of maximum offset disclosed by the invention is determined method;

Fig. 2 is the structured flowchart of a kind of maximum offset determining device disclosed by the invention;

Fig. 3 is the original single big gun seismologic record in land somewhere;

The RMS amplitude energy trace figure of right arrangement reception channel in window when Fig. 4 is Fig. 3;

Fig. 5 is the amplitude energy curve map after the continuation of Fig. 4 RMS amplitude energy trace

Fig. 6 is the amplitude energy curve map of av eff of the phase neighboring trace RMS amplitude energy variation in all roads in Fig. 4;

Fig. 7 is amplitude energy curve map in the embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 8 is the distribution plan of the maximum offset of all big guns.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described, obviously, described embodiment is only the present invention's part embodiment, rather than whole embodiment.Embodiment based in the present invention, those of ordinary skills, not making the every other embodiment obtaining under creative work prerequisite, belong to the scope of protection of the invention.

Core of the present invention is first to calculate to receive in selecting timing window to arrange every RMS amplitude together, then utilize the RMS amplitude energy that receives the road of appointment in arrangement to carry out exponential curve fitting, according to the average root-mean-square amplitude energy of background noise, determine matched curve continuation length, calculate again every av eff of corresponding phase neighboring trace RMS amplitude energy variation together, finally utilize new formula to calculate each trace integration amplitude energy, determine the road sequence number that maximal value is corresponding, utilize the distribution of the maximum offset of all big guns to determine the maximum offset in work area.

As shown in Figure 1, the present invention is that disclosed a kind of maximum offset is determined method, comprising:

Step S101, gathers single big gun geological data in work area;

Step S102, calculates the RMS amplitude energy of described single big gun geological data Ge road geological data in selecting timing window;

Step S103, processes the RMS amplitude energy of described each road geological data according to formula (1), generates new RMS amplitude energy, and formula (1) is:

b _i=A _i/2+(A _i+1+A _i-1)/4i=2,…,N-1 （1）

Wherein, i is the road sequence number that described single big gun geological data is arranged reception channel, and N is the reception channel number that single big gun geological data is arranged, A _ifor in the RMS amplitude energy of i road geological data in selecting timing window;

Step S104, carries out exponential curve fitting, continuation to the new RMS amplitude energy in N road, described N-t+1 road to the and determines after matching continuation and arrange and receive Zong road number;

Step S105, determines the av eff of the RMS amplitude energy variation of the adjacent road geological data that each road geological data is corresponding according to formula (2), formula (2) is:

$Q_i=\frac{1}{i}\underset{m=1}{\overset{i}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}|b_m-b_{m+1}|,i=2,...,M-1---\left(2\right)$

Wherein, M arranges and receives Zong road number after matching continuation, and m is sequence number, 1≤m≤i;

Step S106, determines the amplitude energy of each road geological data according to formula (3) and definite av eff, new RMS amplitude energy, and formula (3) is:

$C_i=(\frac{1}{i}+\frac{E_i}{E_{i-1}})E_i+Q_i,i=2,...,M---\left(3\right)$

Wherein, E _ifor the 1st road that receive to arrange is to the b in step 3) corresponding to i road _mand,

m is sequence number, 1≤m≤i;

Step S107, by the position in the road of amplitude energy maximum in the amplitude energy of described each definite road geological data as single big gun maximum offset;

Step S108, will have position that single big gun maximum offset number the is maximum maximum offset as described work area in work area.

Meanwhile, the present invention also provides a kind of maximum offset determining device as shown in Figure 2, comprising:

Acquisition module 201, for gathering single big gun geological data in work area;

RMS amplitude energy computing module 202, for calculating the RMS amplitude energy of described single big gun geological data Ge road geological data in selecting timing window;

New RMS amplitude energy computing module 203, for the RMS amplitude energy of described each road geological data being processed according to formula (1), generates new RMS amplitude energy, and formula (1) is:

b _i=A _i/2+(A _i+1+A _i-1)/4i=2,…,N-1 （1）

Wherein, i is the road sequence number that described single big gun geological data is arranged reception channel, and N is the reception channel number that single big gun geological data is arranged, A _ifor in the RMS amplitude energy of i road geological data in selecting timing window;

Matching continuation module 204, determines after matching continuation and arranges and receive Zong road number for the new RMS amplitude energy in N road, described N-t+1 road to the being carried out to exponential curve fitting, continuation;

Av eff computing module 205, for determine the av eff of the RMS amplitude energy variation of the adjacent road geological data that each road geological data is corresponding according to formula (2), formula (2) is:

$Q_i=\frac{1}{i}\underset{m=1}{\overset{i}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}|b_m-b_{m+1}|,i=2,...,M-1---\left(2\right)$

Wherein, M arranges and receives Zong road number after matching continuation, and m is sequence number, 1≤m≤i;

Amplitude energy computing module 206, for determining the amplitude energy of each road geological data according to formula (3) and definite av eff, new RMS amplitude energy, formula (3) is:

$C_i=(\frac{1}{i}+\frac{E_i}{E_{i-1}})E_i+Q_i,i=2,...,M---\left(3\right)$

Wherein, E _ifor the 1st road that receive to arrange is to the b in step 3) corresponding to i road _mand,

m is sequence number, 1≤m≤i;

Single big gun maximum offset determination module 207, for by the position in the road of the amplitude energy amplitude energy maximum of described each definite road geological data as single big gun maximum offset;

Maximum offset determination module 208, will have position that single big gun maximum offset number the is maximum maximum offset as described work area in work area.

Core of the present invention is first to calculate to receive in selecting timing window to arrange every RMS amplitude together, then utilize the RMS amplitude energy that receives the road of appointment in arrangement to carry out exponential curve fitting, according to the average root-mean-square amplitude energy of background noise, determine matched curve continuation length, calculate again every av eff of corresponding phase neighboring trace RMS amplitude energy variation together, finally utilize new formula to calculate each trace integration amplitude energy, determine the road sequence number that maximal value is corresponding, utilize the distribution of the maximum offset of all big guns to determine the maximum offset in work area.

Technology provided by the invention be mainly calculate every RMS amplitude energy together in selecting timing window, utilize the RMS amplitude energy of specifying road carry out exponential curve fitting continuation, calculate every corresponding phase neighboring trace RMS amplitude energy variation together av eff, calculate each trace integration amplitude energy, determine maximum offset.

In embodiment, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

1) excite also acquisition and recording list big gun geological data;

2) the selected zone of interest of used time window region on seismologic record, calculates every RMS amplitude energy A in selecting timing window together _i, i is more than or equal to 1 and is less than or equal to N, and i is the road sequence number that single big gun geological data is arranged reception channel, and N is that single big gun geological data is arranged the road number receiving.

Step 2) in, for unilateral shot, receiving and arranging the nearest road of middle distance shot point is the 1st road, according to offset distance, sort successively, in receive arranging, road is farthest N road, for split shooting, centered by shot point, whole arrangement is divided into two arrangements in left and right, and the arrangement of two of left and right is calculated according to unilateral shot mode respectively;

Calculate the every RMS amplitude energy in selecting timing window together of background interference noise files, then to the RMS amplitude energy in all roads of background interference noise files and divided by recording channel number, draw the average root-mean-square amplitude energy n of ground unrest ₀;

3) utilize following formula to every one RMS amplitude energy A _iprocess the corresponding RMS amplitude energy b that must make new advances _i:

b _i=A _i/2+(A _i+1+A _i-1)/4i=2,…,N-1 （1）

In formula: i is the road sequence number that single big gun geological data is arranged reception channel, and i is more than or equal to 2 and is less than or equal to N-1, N is that single big gun geological data is arranged the road number receiving, A _ifor step 2) in the RMS amplitude energy of i road in selecting timing window;

In step 3), for acquiring seismic data, receive the 1st road b arranging ₁value equal b ₂value, N road b _nvalue equal b _n-1value;

4) the last t road b to the new RMS amplitude energy in step 3) _n-t+1, b _n-t+2..., b _n-1, b _ncarry out exponential curve fitting, the curve after matching is carried out to continuation according to offset distance, continuation is not less than the average root-mean-square amplitude energy n of ground unrest record to the RMS amplitude energy of arranging reception channel ₀, after continuation, arranging and receiving Zong road number is M;

Last t road described in step 4) carries out exponential curve fitting, and t defaults to 20;

5) with following formula, calculate every av eff Q of corresponding phase neighboring trace RMS amplitude energy variation together _i:

$Q_i=\frac{1}{i}\underset{m=1}{\overset{i}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}|b_m-b_{m+1}|,i=2,...,M-1---\left(2\right)$

In formula: i is the road sequence number that single big gun geological data is arranged reception channel, M arranges after matching continuation to receive Zong road number; The 1st road Q that arrangement described in step 5) receives ₁value equal Q ₂value, M road Q _mvalue equal Q _m-1value;

6) with the Q in following formula and step 5) _icalculate every amplitude energy C together _i:

$C_i=(\frac{1}{i}+\frac{E_i}{E_{i-1}})E_i+Q_i,i=2,...,M---\left(3\right)$

In formula: i is the road sequence number that single big gun geological data is arranged reception channel, M arranges after matching continuation to receive Zong road number, E _ifor the 1st road that receive to arrange is to the b in step 3) corresponding to i road _mand,

m is sequence number, and m is more than or equal to 1 and is less than or equal to i;

Step 6) in, the 1st C corresponding to road ₁value equal the 2nd road C ₂value;

7) to ordered series of numbers C in step 6) _i(i=1,2 ..., M) sequence, finds out maximum C _icorresponding road sequence number, the position of the maximum offset of the big gun that will look for exactly;

8) according to step 2) method of～step 7) calculates the distribution of the maximum offset of all big guns, and the position of corresponding geophone offset number maximum is the position that maximum offset is corresponding;

Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, technical solution of the present invention is described in further details.

1, excite also acquisition and recording list big gun geological data, mode of excitation is split shooting, and as shown in Figure 3, left and right is arranged Jun You 100 roads and received, track pitch 30m;

2, in the selected zone of interest of shake record window of upper used time region as shown in Figure 3, time window be the hyperbolic curve shown in Fig. 3, calculate the 5163rd shot point the right below and receive the maximum offset of arranging, the right receives arranges Zhong You 100 roads, the RMS amplitude A in selecting timing window ₁=9.59305, A ₂=9.37908 ..., A ₉₉=1.96693, A ₁₀₀=1.74396.The average RMS amplitude n of ground unrest record ₀=0.541892;

3, utilize formula (1) to every one RMS amplitude A _iprocess the corresponding RMS amplitude b that must make new advances ₁=9.37078, b ₂=9.37078 ..., b ₉₈=2.10295, b ₉₉=1.94672, b ₁₀₀=1.94672.New RMS amplitude energy trace as shown in Figure 4;

The RMS amplitude energy in last 20 roads of 4, step 3 being obtained carries out exponential curve fitting, curve after matching is carried out to continuation according to offset distance, and continuation is not less than the average root-mean-square amplitude energy n of ground unrest record to the RMS amplitude energy of arranging reception channel ₀=0.541892, after continuation, arrange total reception channel Shuo Wei 119 roads, as shown in Figure 5;

5, with formula (2), calculate the every av eff of corresponding phase neighboring trace RMS amplitude energy variation: Q together ₁=0.252114, Q ₂=0.252114 ..., Q ₁₁₇=0.175304, Q ₁₁₈=0.17407, Q ₁₁₉=0.17407, amplitude energy curve as shown in Figure 6.

6, Q use formula 3) and in step 5 _icalculate each C _i, i is more than or equal to 1 and is less than or equal to 119, from C _iin find out maximal value, each C _idivided by the maximal value of finding out, show that every value of corresponding amplitude energy is together respectively: 0.842715,0.842715,0.646665 ..., 0.996188,0.995841, the curve that in 0.995438, Fig. 7, black circle forms be each trace integration amplitude energy divided by the curve of amplitude energy income value maximum in all roads, the curve that real triangle form point forms be in Fig. 5 every amplitude energy together divided by the curve of the amplitude energy income value of maximum in all roads.

7, the value sequence to every corresponding amplitude energy together in step 6, maximal value Wei 107 roads, in addition, owing to being split shooting, shot point is between two geophone stations, therefore need to add a 15m, therefore corresponding maximum offset is 107 * 30+15=3225m, position as shown in vertical curve in Fig. 7 again;

8, geophone offset number maximum corresponding to distribution ， 107 roads of calculating the maximum offset of all big guns according to the method for step 2～step 7, maximum offset is 3225m, as shown in Figure 8.

The present invention be mainly calculate every RMS amplitude energy together in selecting timing window, utilize the RMS amplitude energy of specifying road carry out exponential curve fitting continuation, calculate every corresponding phase neighboring trace RMS amplitude energy variation together av eff, calculate each trace integration amplitude energy, determine maximum offset.The present invention does not need to set up seismic model, considered the impact on maximum offset such as field interference wave, the complex area that, geology of deep part complicated condition severe to earth's surface geographical environment in seismic prospecting, underground structure horizontal change are violent etc., can determine suitable maximum offset, thereby obtain high-quality field earthquake prospecting collection data.

In the present invention, applied specific embodiment principle of the present invention and embodiment are set forth, the explanation of above embodiment is just for helping to understand method of the present invention and core concept thereof; , for one of ordinary skill in the art, according to thought of the present invention, all will change in specific embodiments and applications, in sum, this description should not be construed as limitation of the present invention meanwhile.

Claims (14)

1. maximum offset is determined a method, it is characterized in that, described method comprises:

Gather each single big gun geological data in work area;

Calculate the RMS amplitude energy of described single big gun geological data Ge road geological data in selecting timing window;

According to formula (1), the RMS amplitude energy of described each road geological data is processed, generated new RMS amplitude energy, formula (1) is:

b _i=A _i/2+(A _i+1+A _i-1)/4i=2,…,N-1 （1）

Wherein, i is the road sequence number that described single big gun geological data is arranged reception channel, and N is the reception channel number that single big gun geological data is arranged, A _ifor in the RMS amplitude energy of i road geological data in selecting timing window;

The new RMS amplitude energy in N road, described N-t+1 road to the is carried out to exponential curve fitting, continuation to be determined after matching continuation and arranges and receive Zong road number;

The av eff of determining the RMS amplitude energy variation of the adjacent road geological data that each road geological data is corresponding according to formula (2), formula (2) is:

$Q_i=\frac{1}{i}\underset{m=1}{\overset{i}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}|b_m-b_{m+1}|,i=2,...,M-1---\left(2\right)$

Wherein, M arranges and receives Zong road number after matching continuation, and m is sequence number, 1≤m≤i;

According to formula (3) and definite av eff, new RMS amplitude energy, determine the amplitude energy of each road geological data, formula (3) is:

$C_i=(\frac{1}{i}+\frac{E_i}{E_{i-1}})E_i+Q_i,i=2,...,M---\left(3\right)$

Wherein, E _ifor the 1st road that receive to arrange is to the b in step 3) corresponding to i road _mand,

m is sequence number, 1≤m≤i;

By the position in the road of one geological data of described definite amplitude energy maximum as single big gun maximum offset;

Position that single big gun maximum offset number the is maximum maximum offset as described work area will be there is in work area.

2. maximum offset as claimed in claim 1 is determined method, it is characterized in that, described method also comprises:

For unilateral shot, receiving in arrangement is the 1st road apart from the nearest road of shot point, according to offset distance, sorts successively, and road is farthest N road;

For split shooting, centered by shot point, whole arrangement is divided into two arrangements in left and right, and the arrangement of two of left and right is calculated according to unilateral shot mode respectively.

3. maximum offset as claimed in claim 1 is determined method, it is characterized in that, the described new RMS amplitude energy to N road, N-t+1 road to the carries out exponential curve fitting, continuation and determines to arrange after matching continuation and receive Zong road number and comprise:

The new RMS amplitude energy in N road, N-t+1 road to the is carried out to exponential curve fitting and generate the curve after matching;

Curve after matching is carried out to continuation according to offset distance, and continuation to the RMS amplitude energy of arranging reception channel is not less than the average root-mean-square amplitude energy of ground unrest excitation, determines that the arrangement after continuation receives Zong road number.

4. maximum offset as claimed in claim 3 is determined method, it is characterized in that, t defaults to 20.

5. maximum offset as claimed in claim 1 is determined method, it is characterized in that, described step is processed the RMS amplitude energy of described each road geological data according to formula (1), generate in new RMS amplitude energy,

Acquiring seismic data receives the 1st road b arranging ₁value equal b ₂value, N road b _nvalue equal b _n-1value.

6. maximum offset as claimed in claim 1 is determined method, it is characterized in that, in the av eff of the described RMS amplitude energy variation of determining the adjacent road geological data that each road geological data is corresponding according to formula (2),

Arrange the 1st road Q receiving ₁value equal Q ₂value, M road Q _mvalue equal Q _m-1value.

7. maximum offset as claimed in claim 1 is determined method, it is characterized in that, described determines in the amplitude energy of each road geological data according to formula (3) and definite av eff, new RMS amplitude energy,

The 1st C corresponding to road ₁value equal the 2nd road C ₂value.

8. a maximum offset determining device, is characterized in that, described device comprises:

Acquisition module, for gathering single big gun geological data in work area;

RMS amplitude energy computing module, for calculating the RMS amplitude energy of described single big gun geological data Ge road geological data in selecting timing window;

New RMS amplitude energy computing module, for the RMS amplitude energy of described each road geological data being processed according to formula (1), generates new RMS amplitude energy, and formula (1) is:

b _i=A _i/2+(A _i+1+A _i-1)/4i=2,…,N-1 （1）

Wherein, i is the road sequence number that described single big gun geological data is arranged reception channel, and N is the reception channel number that single big gun geological data is arranged, A _ifor in the RMS amplitude energy of i road geological data in selecting timing window;

Matching continuation module, determines after matching continuation and arranges and receive Zong road number for the new RMS amplitude energy in N road, described N-t+1 road to the being carried out to exponential curve fitting, continuation;

Av eff computing module, for determine the av eff of the RMS amplitude energy variation of the adjacent road geological data that each road geological data is corresponding according to formula (2), formula (2) is:

$Q_i=\frac{1}{i}\underset{m=1}{\overset{i}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}|b_m-b_{m+1}|,i=2,...,M-1---\left(2\right)$

Wherein, M arranges and receives Zong road number after matching continuation, and m is sequence number, 1≤m≤i;

Amplitude energy computing module, for determining the amplitude energy of each road geological data according to formula (3) and definite av eff, new RMS amplitude energy, formula (3) is:

$C_i=(\frac{1}{i}+\frac{E_i}{E_{i-1}})E_i+Q_i,i=2,...,M---\left(3\right)$

Wherein, E _ifor the 1st road that receive to arrange is to the b in step 3) corresponding to i road _mand,

m is sequence number, 1≤m≤i;

Single big gun maximum offset determination module, for by the position in the road of one geological data of described definite amplitude energy maximum as single big gun maximum offset;

Maximum offset determination module, will have position that single big gun maximum offset number the is maximum maximum offset as described work area in work area.

9. maximum offset determining device as claimed in claim 8, is characterized in that, described device also comprises divides module:

For unilateral shot, receiving in arrangement is the 1st road apart from the nearest road of shot point, according to offset distance, sorts successively, and road is farthest N road;

For split shooting, centered by shot point, whole arrangement is divided into two arrangements in left and right, and the arrangement of two of left and right is calculated according to unilateral shot mode respectively.

10. maximum offset determining device as claimed in claim 8, is characterized in that, described matching continuation module comprises:

Matching unit, generates the curve after matching for the new RMS amplitude energy in N road, N-t+1 road to the being carried out to exponential curve fitting;

Continuation unit, carries out continuation for the curve to after matching according to offset distance, and continuation to the RMS amplitude energy of arranging reception channel is not less than the average root-mean-square amplitude energy of ground unrest excitation, determines that the arrangement after continuation receives Zong road number.

11. maximum offset determining devices as claimed in claim 10, is characterized in that, t defaults to 20.

12. maximum offset determining devices as claimed in claim 8, it is characterized in that, described new RMS amplitude energy determination module is processed the RMS amplitude energy of described each road geological data according to formula (1), generates in new RMS amplitude energy

Acquiring seismic data receives the 1st road b arranging ₁value equal b ₂value, N road b _nvalue equal b _n-1value.

13. maximum offset determining devices as claimed in claim 8, is characterized in that, described av eff computing module determines according to formula (2) in the av eff of RMS amplitude energy variation of the adjacent road geological data that each road geological data is corresponding,

Arrange the 1st road Q receiving ₁value equal Q ₂value, M road Q _mvalue equal Q _m-1value.

14. maximum offset determining devices as claimed in claim 8, is characterized in that, described amplitude energy computing module determines in the amplitude energy of each road geological data according to formula (3) and definite av eff, new RMS amplitude energy,

The 1st C corresponding to road ₁value equal the 2nd road C ₂value.

Images