CN103675600A - A power distribution network fault diagnosis system based on topology knowledge and a method - Google Patents
A power distribution network fault diagnosis system based on topology knowledge and a method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a power distribution network fault diagnosis system based on topology knowledge and a method. The system comprises a resource layer, a knowledge layer and a diagnosis layer. The resource layer comprises a fault oscilloscope, a monitoring terminal, a distribution equipment machine account, a topology file and a database. The monitoring terminal is used for collecting switch state information after a fault. The fault oscilloscope is used for obtaining waveforms after the fault. The topology file is used for providing an electrical wiring diagram of a whole electrical network. The distribution equipment machine account is used for obtaining operation conditions in the fault of power distribution equipment. The knowledge level comprises a knowledge base providing information for the diagnosis layer. The diagnosis layer comprises a fault diagnosis server. The fault diagnosis server is provided with a fault diagnosis program module. According to the method, topology knowledge formation and fault diagnosis are realized through the above system. The system and the method can carry out fault analysis after the fault and provide references for operation personnel, so that manpower, financial resources and time are saved. In addition, the system is highly efficient and rapid in operation, and the usage effect is good.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Fault Diagnosis of Distribution Network technical field, particularly a kind of Fault Diagnosis of Distribution Network system and method based on topological knowledge and topology search method.
Background technology
Traditional Fault Diagnosis of Distribution Network is exactly according to failure messages such as observing and controlling, protection, record ripples; adopt certain diagnosis mechanism to determine fault feeder, abort situation; and isolated fault region, reduce power failure area and shorten power off time as far as possible; simultaneously; distribution network electric energy quality is analyzed; and do not comprise the crash analysis function after fault, loss of outage causing as the reason of analysis accident (human factor, natural cause, equipment failure etc.), accident impact scope and accident etc.This need to be by manually providing corresponding report after Accident scene survey, investigation statistics, and power distribution network is the part of Frequent Accidents, and therefore, crash analysis will expend a large amount of manpowers and time.
Construction along with distribution automation system, the data volume that can be used for fault diagnosis is more and more huger, originate more and more extensive, in information, there is redundancy containing in these data, and pour in dispatching center within the fault back segment time, make operating personnel's Artificial Diagnosis fault very difficult, how effectively utilizing these data is problems urgently to be resolved hurrily.Therefore, traditional fault diagnosis framework is quick and precisely still having very large room for promotion in property.
In addition, power network topology analysis is the basis of fault diagnosis, and a kind of good grid topology data structure can promote the efficiency of fault diagnosis greatly.Traditional power network topology method for expressing has matrix method and adjacency list method etc., power network topology analytic approach based on matrix, identification is carried out on the electric island of son that will form whole distribution after the switching device tripping operations such as isolating switch, in search procedure, also need in addition for the different branch road chained list of each joint structure of electrical network is to form node tree, whole search procedure needs the node tree three class data structures of matrix, electric island and chain sheet form, search procedure is comparatively loaded down with trivial details, and efficiency is lower.And traditional adjacency list method is when setting up start node-branch road relation table and branch road-access flag-node relationships table, need to input node-branch road information of whole electrical network, so workload is very huge.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of Fault Diagnosis of Distribution Network system and method based on topological knowledge is provided, this system and method can carry out crash analysis after fault, for operations staff provides reference, save manpower, financial resources, time, and system operation is efficient, quick, result of use is good.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is: a kind of Fault Diagnosis of Distribution Network system based on topological knowledge, comprises resource layer, stratum of intellectual and diagnostic horizon;
Described resource layer comprises fault oscillograph, monitoring terminal, controller switching equipment account, topological file and database, described monitoring terminal is for collecting the on off state information after fault, described fault oscillograph is used for obtaining waveform after fault, described topological file is for providing the electric hookup of whole electrical network, and described controller switching equipment account is for obtaining the ruuning situation of various controller switching equipments when fault;
Described stratum of intellectual is included as the knowledge base that diagnostic horizon provides information, and described knowledge base comprises topological knowledge storehouse and fault knowledge storehouse; Described topological knowledge storehouse forms as follows: in IEC61970, on the basis of topology bag, create two classes: Vertex class and adjNode class, respectively a node class of corresponding adjacency list and table node class; Three territories of Vertex class are respectively access flag position, summit title, first node pointer, Vertex class comprises bus, circuit, transformer and power supply, the electrical equipment of the reflection of adjNode class and Vertex class generation annexation, the ConnectivityNode of a Vertex equipment connection contains n terminal, in adjacency list, its corresponding single linked list just has n-1 adjNode, and three territories of each adjNode class are respectively the title of associated electrical equipment, the isolating switch of connection, next territory; In addition, according to the definition of topology bag to ConnectivityNode class in IEC61970, between two direct connected isolating switchs, add Y node; The determination methods of Y node is: if a ConnectivityNode object has connected two isolating switchs and a circuit end points, as Y node, retain; To regard wire as in the disconnector of " closure " state;
Described diagnostic horizon comprises fault diagnosis server, and described fault diagnosis server is provided with fault diagnostic program module.
The present invention corresponding to the Fault Diagnosis of Distribution Network system based on topological knowledge also provides at diagnostic method, comprises that topological knowledge forms and fault diagnosis;
Described topological knowledge forms and carries out as follows:
(1) when fault occurs, in the resource layer of the bottom, collect various failure messages, on off state information from monitoring terminal is collected fault, waveform from fault oscillograph obtains fault, from controller switching equipment account, obtain the ruuning situation of various controller switching equipments when the fault, from topological file, obtain the electric hookup of whole electrical network;
(2) provide the RDF data file meeting based on CIM model rule, or CIM-XML model data file;
(3) integrate the wiring diagram that SVG pel forms each plant stand and distribution network feeder, and to upper strata, provide interface with the form of CIS service;
(4) by LINQ to XML, the wiring diagram of each plant stand and distribution network feeder is inquired about, searched title, tie point, the Connection Element of each electrical equipment, leave in topology database; Described topology database form with DataSet in internal memory exists, and is the off line container of the data that define in .NET, does not comprise the concept that database connects, and is only the group data set in internal memory; Topology database is stored in DataSet with the form of adjacency list, and starts with system with the form of server;
(5) topology of the whole network is searched for, obtain the topological structure of the whole network;
Described fault diagnosis is carried out as follows: obtain after the topological structure of the whole network, on off state information after the fault obtaining in conjunction with the monitoring terminal of resource layer, by fault diagnostic program module, obtain the substation transformer connecting on the feeder line that disconnects because of fault and these feeder lines, the information of adding up the substation transformer of these stoppages in transit by controller switching equipment account; Fault diagnostic program module and Distributing Network GIS are set up interface and are contacted, from Distributing Network GIS, call the geography information of dead line, feeder line geographic position of living in has a power failure, then described geography information is passed to weather forecast system, lightning location system, weather condition and thunderbolt situation while obtaining fault in fault zone, when recycling controller switching equipment account obtains fault, the ruuning situation of controller switching equipment in fault zone, finally provides the preliminary judgement of failure cause according to weather, thunder and lightning, machine operation.
Further, in step (204), the forming process of described topology database is:
(401) application program starts an empty DataSet according to DataSet template;
(402) from each station wiring diagram, press the definition search-related data of DataSet template, fill topology database; This part function offers application layer at data stuffing layer with the form of interface;
(403) switchgear that searches feeder line, substation transformer and connect by identical method.
Compared to prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1, the fault diagnosis proposing and analytical approach have made up in traditional fault diagnosis the shortcoming of accident analytic function after non-fault, failure cause, the fault order of severity, fault incidence etc. are made to preliminary judgement, for operations staff provides reference, save manpower financial capacity's time.
2, the method for expressing of power network topology in internal memory in the fault diagnosis proposing, the electric network wiring scheme that meets CIM model is directly mapped as to adjacency list, solve the problem of initialization complexity, improved the search efficiency to plant stand wiring xml file, and can represent the mode of connection of various complexity to have improved power network topology speed.
3, station wiring diagram is searched to title, tie point, the Connection Element of each electrical equipment by LINQ to XML, leave topology database in, computing based on power network topology can obtain by search topology database, so just avoided the frequent operation to station wiring diagram XML file, not only can improve the travelling speed of system, and be conducive to the distributed maintenance and management of data.
4, the adjacency list establishing starts with system with the form of server, and its advantage is mainly reflected in: 1) ergodic algorithm based on adjacency list is quite ripe, and each client can be write the data that different algorithms obtains wanting according to different demands.2) one-shot reside permanently internal memory, does not need to repeat to generate, and with the access mode of multithreading, offers the topological data that different clients needs simultaneously, has improved the parallel ability of system.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural drawing of the diagnostic system of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the UML mapping graph of adjacency list in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the corresponding relation figure of 3/2 wiring and adjacency list in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the corresponding relation figure of double-bus segmentation band bypass connection and adjacency list in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is power network topology generation layer hierarchical structure chart in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is full mesh topology process flow diagram in the embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
The present invention is based on the Fault Diagnosis of Distribution Network system of topological knowledge, as shown in Figure 1, comprise resource layer, stratum of intellectual and diagnostic horizon.
Described resource layer comprises fault oscillograph, monitoring terminal, controller switching equipment account, topological file and database fault information acquisition device, described monitoring terminal is for the on off state information from block switch, disconnector and isolating switch etc. are collected fault, described fault oscillograph is used for obtaining after fault waveform and represents with COMTRADE form, described topological file is for providing the electric hookup of whole electrical network, and described controller switching equipment account is for obtaining the ruuning situation of various controller switching equipments when fault.
Described stratum of intellectual is included as the knowledge base that diagnostic horizon provides information, and described knowledge base comprises topological knowledge storehouse and fault knowledge storehouse, and they provide foundation for diagnostic horizon plays a role.
Topological knowledge storehouse in this layer forms as follows: IEC61970 is by Terminal(terminal) and ConnectivityNode(tie point) annexation between reflection equipment, connected physically equipment Terminal by self in CIM is connected on a public ConnectivityNode.Adjacency list is set up a single linked list to each summit in figure, and the node in single linked list represents to depend on all limits on this summit.Through contrast, can obtain in CIM each ConnectivityNode corresponding to a single linked list in adjacency list.By above analysis, the present invention creates two classes on the basis of topology bag (Topology): Vertex class and adjNode class, respectively a node class of corresponding adjacency list and table node class.Three territories of Vertex class are respectively access flag position, summit title, first node pointer, Vertex class comprises bus, circuit, transformer and power supply, adjNode class is for reflecting the electrical equipment with Vertex class generation annexation, the ConnectivityNode of a Vertex equipment connection contains n terminal, and in adjacency list, its corresponding single linked list just has n-1 adjNode.Three territories of each adjNode class are respectively the title of associated electrical equipment, the isolating switch of connection, next territory.The UML block diagram of setting up adjacency list according to topology bag (Topology) as shown in Figure 2.
In addition, substation low-voltage side bus as a power distribution network part, the complicated modes of connection such as meeting employing 3/2, the bypass of double-bus segmentation band, in order to solve the direct-connected situation of isolating switch in 3/2 wiring, the present invention, according to the definition of topology bag (Topology) to ConnectivityNode class in IEC61970, adds Y node between two direct connected isolating switchs.The determination methods of Y node is: if a ConnectivityNode object has connected two isolating switchs and a circuit end points, as Y node, retain, illustrate as shown in Figure 3.And in double-bus segmentation band bypass connection, can relate to disconnector, under isolating switch different running method, by different disconnectores, receive different buses, the present invention will regard wire as in the disconnector of " closure " state, and transition diagram illustrates as shown in Figure 4.
Described diagnostic horizon is the interface of whole system, and it completes exchanging of people and system.Described diagnostic horizon comprises accident routine analyzer module after fault diagnosis server and fault, and described fault diagnosis server is provided with fault diagnostic program module, for failure cause, impact etc. is made to preliminary judgement, for operations staff provides reference.
The present invention corresponding to the Fault Diagnosis of Distribution Network system based on topological knowledge also provides at diagnostic method, comprises that topological knowledge forms and fault diagnosis.
Described topological knowledge forms and carries out as follows:
(1) when fault occurs, in the resource layer of the bottom, collect various failure messages, on off state information by monitoring terminal from block switch, disconnector and isolating switch etc. are collected fault, waveform from fault oscillograph obtains fault, from controller switching equipment account, obtain the ruuning situation of various controller switching equipments when the fault, from topological file, obtain the electric hookup of whole electrical network.
(2) by RDF Scheme Editor software, provide the RDF data file meeting based on CIM model rule, or CIM-XML model data file.
(3) integrate the wiring diagram that SVG pel forms each plant stand and distribution network feeder, and to upper strata, provide interface with the form of CIS service.Wherein, SVG is the X-Y scheme language that a kind of XML of employing describes, in standard IEC 61970-553-4 part, and the information carrier using it as transformer station's pel, electric power graphs generates the standard with exchange.
(4) by LINQ to XML, the wiring diagram of each plant stand and distribution network feeder is inquired about, searched title, tie point, the Connection Element of each electrical equipment, leave in topology database.Described topology database form with DataSet in internal memory exists, and is
.the off line container of the data that define in NET, does not comprise the concept that database connects, and is only the group data set in internal memory.Topology database herein provides different interfaces for checking plant stand figure, topological analysis, trend calculating.
The process of above-mentioned (2), (3), (4) as shown in Figure 5.
The topology database of mentioning in above-mentioned steps (204) is core, and its forming process is:
(401) application program (line fault analysis, trend calculating etc.) starts an empty DataSet according to DataSet template.
(402) from each station wiring diagram, press the definition search-related data of DataSet template, fill topology database.This part function offers application layer at data stuffing layer with the form of interface.Take and search 10kV bus as example, search step is:
A. read whole grid graph file.By cim:SubControlArea, ask sub-control zone.
B. each plant stand is tried to achieve to by cim:SubControlArea.Contain_Substations in each sub-control zone.
C. each plant stand graph of a correspondence file is searched to bus cim:BusbarSection and corresponding electric pressure thereof with LINQ to XML.
D. the ConnectivityNode by bus takes out the switch that bus connects.
E. judge whether to have access to all plant stands, otherwise turn b step.
(403) by identical method, search the switchgears such as feeder line, substation transformer and the block switch connecting, disconnector.
Topology database is stored in DataSet with the form of adjacency list, and starts with system with the form of server.
(5) according to above-mentioned adjacency list method for expressing, the topology of the whole network is searched for, obtain the topological structure of the whole network, its algorithm flow as shown in Figure 6.
Described fault diagnosis is carried out as follows:
Obtain after the topological structure of the whole network, on off state information after the fault obtaining in conjunction with resource layer monitoring terminal, by fault diagnosis service routine, can obtain the feeder line disconnecting because of fault, then by Depth Priority Searching, obtain the substation transformer connecting on these feeder lines.By the information of these stoppage in transit distribution transformings of controller switching equipment account Information Statistics, as capacity of distribution transform, during fault, flow through the instantaneous power of distribution transforming etc.
Distributing Network GIS provides integrated " geography information+attribute information+relation information " model, fault diagnostic program module and Distributing Network GIS are set up interface and are contacted, from Distributing Network GIS, call the geography information of dead line, feeder line geographic position of living in has a power failure, then described geography information is passed to weather forecast system, lightning location system, weather condition and thunderbolt situation while obtaining fault in fault zone, the ruuning situation of controller switching equipment in fault zone when recycling controller switching equipment account obtains fault, finally according to weather, thunder and lightning, machine operation provides the preliminary judgement of failure cause, for operations staff's reference.
Be more than preferred embodiment of the present invention, all changes of doing according to technical solution of the present invention, when the function producing does not exceed the scope of technical solution of the present invention, all belong to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. the Fault Diagnosis of Distribution Network system based on topological knowledge, is characterized in that, comprises resource layer, stratum of intellectual and diagnostic horizon;
Described resource layer comprises fault oscillograph, monitoring terminal, controller switching equipment account, topological file and database, described monitoring terminal is for collecting the on off state information after fault, described fault oscillograph is used for obtaining waveform after fault, described topological file is for providing the electric hookup of whole electrical network, and described controller switching equipment account is for obtaining the ruuning situation of various controller switching equipments when fault;
Described stratum of intellectual is included as the knowledge base that diagnostic horizon provides information, and described knowledge base comprises topological knowledge storehouse and fault knowledge storehouse; Described topological knowledge storehouse forms as follows: in IEC61970, on the basis of topology bag, create two classes: Vertex class and adjNode class, respectively a node class of corresponding adjacency list and table node class; Three territories of Vertex class are respectively access flag position, summit title, first node pointer, Vertex class comprises bus, circuit, transformer and power supply, the electrical equipment of the reflection of adjNode class and Vertex class generation annexation, the ConnectivityNode of a Vertex equipment connection contains n terminal, in adjacency list, its corresponding single linked list just has n-1 adjNode, and three territories of each adjNode class are respectively the title of associated electrical equipment, the isolating switch of connection, next territory; In addition, according to the definition of topology bag to ConnectivityNode class in IEC61970, between two direct connected isolating switchs, add Y node; The determination methods of Y node is: if a ConnectivityNode object has connected two isolating switchs and a circuit end points, as Y node, retain; To regard wire as in the disconnector of " closure " state;
Described diagnostic horizon comprises fault diagnosis server, and described fault diagnosis server is provided with fault diagnostic program module.
2. diagnostic method corresponding to Fault Diagnosis of Distribution Network system based on topological knowledge according to claim 1, is characterized in that, comprises that topological knowledge forms and fault diagnosis;
Described topological knowledge forms and carries out as follows:
(1) when fault occurs, in the resource layer of the bottom, collect various failure messages, on off state information from monitoring terminal is collected fault, waveform from fault oscillograph obtains fault, from controller switching equipment account, obtain the ruuning situation of various controller switching equipments when the fault, from topological file, obtain the electric hookup of whole electrical network;
(2) provide the RDF data file meeting based on CIM model rule, or CIM-XML model data file;
(3) integrate the wiring diagram that SVG pel forms each plant stand and distribution network feeder, and to upper strata, provide interface with the form of CIS service;
(4) by LINQ to XML, the wiring diagram of each plant stand and distribution network feeder is inquired about, searched title, tie point, the Connection Element of each electrical equipment, leave in topology database; Described topology database form with DataSet in internal memory exists, and is the off line container of the data that define in .NET, does not comprise the concept that database connects, and is only the group data set in internal memory; Topology database is stored in DataSet with the form of adjacency list, and starts with system with the form of server;
(5) topology of the whole network is searched for, obtain the topological structure of the whole network;
Described fault diagnosis is carried out as follows: obtain after the topological structure of the whole network, on off state information after the fault obtaining in conjunction with the monitoring terminal of resource layer, by fault diagnostic program module, obtain the substation transformer connecting on the feeder line that disconnects because of fault and these feeder lines, the information of adding up the substation transformer of these stoppages in transit by controller switching equipment account; Fault diagnostic program module and Distributing Network GIS are set up interface and are contacted, from Distributing Network GIS, call the geography information of dead line, feeder line geographic position of living in has a power failure, then described geography information is passed to weather forecast system, lightning location system, weather condition and thunderbolt situation while obtaining fault in fault zone, when recycling controller switching equipment account obtains fault, the ruuning situation of controller switching equipment in fault zone, finally provides the preliminary judgement of failure cause according to weather, thunder and lightning, machine operation.
3. the Fault Diagnosis Method for Distribution Networks based on topological knowledge according to claim 2, is characterized in that, in step (204), the forming process of described topology database is:
(401) application program starts an empty DataSet according to DataSet template;
(402) from each station wiring diagram, press the definition search-related data of DataSet template, fill topology database; This part function offers application layer at data stuffing layer with the form of interface;
(403) switchgear that searches feeder line, substation transformer and connect by identical method.
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