CN104015735A - Train system taking gravity as main force application source for accelerating and braking as well as running method thereof - Google Patents
Train system taking gravity as main force application source for accelerating and braking as well as running method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN104015735A CN104015735A CN201310066334.4A CN201310066334A CN104015735A CN 104015735 A CN104015735 A CN 104015735A CN 201310066334 A CN201310066334 A CN 201310066334A CN 104015735 A CN104015735 A CN 104015735A
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- gravity
- train
- track
- gradient
- steep long
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61B—RAILWAY SYSTEMS; EQUIPMENT THEREFOR NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B61B13/00—Other railway systems
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
- B60T1/00—Arrangements of braking elements, i.e. of those parts where braking effect occurs specially for vehicles
- B60T1/02—Arrangements of braking elements, i.e. of those parts where braking effect occurs specially for vehicles acting by retarding wheels
- B60T1/10—Arrangements of braking elements, i.e. of those parts where braking effect occurs specially for vehicles acting by retarding wheels by utilising wheel movement for accumulating energy, e.g. driving air compressors
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61C—LOCOMOTIVES; MOTOR RAILCARS
- B61C13/00—Locomotives or motor railcars characterised by their application to special systems or purposes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61C—LOCOMOTIVES; MOTOR RAILCARS
- B61C7/00—Other locomotives or motor railcars characterised by the type of motive power plant used; Locomotives or motor railcars with two or more different kinds or types of motive power
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D61/00—Brakes with means for making the energy absorbed available for use
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T30/00—Transportation of goods or passengers via railways, e.g. energy recovery or reducing air resistance
Abstract
The invention discloses a gravity train system, and in particular relates to a train system taking gravity as main force application source for accelerating and braking as well as a running method of the system. The gravity train system comprises a gravity train and a gravity train track, wherein the gravity train comprises a gravity train carriage which can run on a line with a high gradient and a long ramp, and a running resistance balancing engine with low power; the gravity train track comprises a steep long downhill gradient, a steep long uphill gradient, a middle transitional channel, a station track and a gravity starting track; a horizontal plane passing through the lowest point of the middle transitional channel is taken as a reference plane, so that the heights of the upper ends of the steep long downhill gradient and the steep long uphill gradient which are above the reference plane are the same. The acceleration thrust for gravity train running is mainly obtained by doing positive work on the basis of the gravity, namely converting the gravity potential energy into dynamic energy, and the deceleration braking of the gravity train is mainly realized by doing negative work on the basis of the gravity, namely converting the dynamic energy into the gravity potential energy, so that energy consumption can be greatly reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to train technical field, relate in particular to a kind of taking gravity as accelerating and brake train system and the operating method thereof in main application of force source.
Background technology
When train driving, if forward thrust equals running resistance, train at the uniform velocity advances; If forward thrust is greater than running resistance, train accelerates to advance, and this part of power of promotion train being accelerated to advance at this is called train and accelerates thrust.
Described train running resistance comprises the basic resistance (as bearing resistance, rolling resistance, sliding resistance, shock and vibration resistance, air resistance etc.) of train operation and the additional resistance of operation (additional resistance) as moved in curve circuit, tunnel etc. time.Research points out, in the time that train travels at the uniform speed speed 70km/h, Unit basic resistance is 5.1N/kN.According to another report, calculate according to subway train running resistance formula is theoretical, train speed is in the time of 70km/h, and unit running resistance is 4～5kg/t, coincide with actual measured results.In the situation that not conventionally being subject to other additional friction, be about 5/1000ths of its weight for the thrust of balance train running resistance.
Described train accelerates thrust, is made as F, and from Newton's second law: F=ma, m is train weight, and a is train acceleration/accel.Also taking subway as example, the subway about 1.0m/s of brief acceleration that gives it the gun
2.Described train accelerates thrust and is about 1/10th of its weight, and train accelerates thrust and is far longer than the thrust for balance train running resistance conventionally.Saving train acceleration thrust is one of key of train energy-saving.
From British George in 1814. the steam locomotive that Stefansson invention is called as " buskin " is so far nearly two over 100 years, or first subterranean railway " London big city railway " opened so far over nearly in 1 hundred 50 in the world from 1863, train driving engine (as steam engine, combustion engine, electrical motor, so that linear electric motors etc.) is the main application of force source that train accelerates thrust all the time, is exactly that train accelerates taking heat energy, chemical power, electric energy conversion as kinetic energy is as main from the angle analysis of energy.
The mankind just know from the carriage epoch, and downhill path is conducive to vehicle and accelerates.This general knowledge, in underground railway track is laid, also embody to some extent for a long time, be called accelerating grade (or energy-conservation slope), some interchange of position is slightly high, when train is leaving from station, sail again common distance into via one short section of downhill path, can save the energy of a part of train driving engine for accelerating.Such as the design of the more authoritative accelerating grade of one: one section of gradient of train route departures end be-22 ‰--26 ‰, the acceleration ramp of long 250m, reaches target velocity 80km/h, can reduce train driving engine and draw power consumption approximately 20%～25%.It has represented the model of accelerating grade technology, has also almost reached the upper limit of accelerating grade energy-saving efficiency.The reason that restriction accelerating grade energy-saving efficiency further improves is relevant with some prior art problems, is now described below:
1, the accelerating grade gradient is little.Approximately 0.21-0.25m/s of acceleration/accel that in upper example, gravity can produce at the component of the gradient-22 ‰--26 ‰ direction
2, and described train accelerates to the about 0.99m/s of the required acceleration/accel of target velocity 80km/h through 250m accelerating grade
2, accelerating grade can only produce in required acceleration a very little part and then can only reduce wherein very little a part of energy consumption as 20%～25%.
2, traditional subway railway car floor is (the fixing with carriage chassis and/or wall) of fixing.Therefore its floor compartment moves towards parallel with track all the time in train operation way, and track grade is large can cause passenger to bow, face upward, discomfort in riding, not steady.Conventional art just has strict restriction to line slope size.Such as according to country " metro design code " (2003 editions), the maximum grade of main track should not be greater than 30 ‰.
3, accelerating grade ramp is short.In prior art, accelerating grade length is generally 200～300m, and gravity is short to train effect distance along the component of accelerating grade direction, and acting is few; The gradient is little, and ramp is short, and the variation of circuit elevation is little, and it is just very limited that whole accelerating grade can be converted into the gravitional force of kinetic energy.
4, in prior art design regulation, train driving engine is the main application of force source that train accelerates thrust.In prior art, train accelerates still to consume a large amount of other forms of Conversion of Energies as kinetic energy is as main, is converted into kinetic energy only accounts for a wherein very little part by gravitional force, and accelerating grade only plays supporting role's effect.The main application of force source that in prior art design regulation, train driving engine accelerates thrust as train also makes accelerating grade ramp length be restricted, prove as being computer simulation experiment under-30 ‰ the same terms with certain existing train in the accelerating grade gradient, the accelerating grade of 400m length is on the contrary than the accelerating grade few energy-conservation 5%～8% of 300m length.In prior art, accelerating grade ramp is generally no more than 200～300m.
Research report points out, " when subway train operation, the section of power consumption values maximum is departures accelerating grade section, the pseudoreduced link of emphasis mould when this section is also energy consumption calculation."---accelerating grade section is the section of power consumption values maximum; on the one hand prove that accelerating grade itself is energy-conservation limited; also disclose conventional train driving engine simultaneously and accelerate main application of force source as train and in the time that train gives it the gun, consuming large energy, this point should be served as one of crucial point of penetration of studying train energy-saving problem.
Train braking removes the process of train momentum with braking force.Mainly utilize mechanical friction power, electromagnetic force etc. that train momentum is removed according to prior art train braking, be converted into heat energy (dissipation) or electric energy (storing), main brake mode has: Block brake, disc braking, electromagnetic rail brake, High-Speed Eddy Braking, rotating vortex merit processed, rheostatic brake, regenerative brake, hydraulic brake, contra-steam braking etc.In prior art, mechanical friction power, electromagnetic force etc. are the main application of force of braking force of train sources, are embodied in above various traditional braking mode; At some station station entrance, speed-reduction slope (also claiming energy-conservation slope) is set as a kind of supplementary mode, train is by one short section of light grade uphill road before entering the station, and the sub-fraction kinetic transformation of train is gravitional force, reduces the speed of a motor vehicle, saves sub-fraction braking energy consumption.Why described speed-reduction slope can only be converted into very limited gravitional force by very limited sub-fraction train momentum, because the variation of the described speed-reduction slope gradient little (being less than 30 ‰), ramp short (200-300m), circuit elevation is little, relevant with prior art problems such as conventional train structure, track circuit design regulation, traditional braking modes in essence, together with the analysis to described accelerating grade above, referring to above-mentioned, no longer repeat here.
Summary of the invention
(1) technical matters that will solve
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is: provide a kind of taking gravity as accelerating and brake train system and the operating method thereof in main application of force source, train is accelerated without expending a large amount of heat energy, chemical power, electric energy etc. using driving engine as main application of force source again, make train braking no longer mainly rely on traditional braking mode ramp to stop using mechanical friction power, electromagnetic force etc. as main application of force source, make train operation save energy.
(2) technical scheme
For addressing the above problem, on the one hand, the invention provides a kind of taking gravity as accelerate and brake the train system in main application of force source, comprising: gravity train and gravity train rail,
Described gravity train comprises:
Gravity railway car, has one or some joints, for moving on circuit large in the gradient, that ramp is long;
Balance movement resistance driving engine, for generation of in gravity train operation described in balance with the power of the irrelevant running resistance of line slope;
Described gravity train rail comprises:
Platform track, comprises departures end and the end that enters the station, for stopping, start for described gravity train;
Steep long down ramp, upper end is connected with the departures end when next stop platform track, is used to form the described gravity train dependence of confession gravity and does positive work along described steep long down ramp Accelerating running the achieve the goal gradient and the length of speed;
Steep long up gradient, upper end is connected with the end that enters the station of next stop platform track, is used to form for described gravity train and relies on gravity to do negative work along described steep long up gradient brake snub to the gradient and the length that stop at next stop platform track;
Middle transition passage, is connected between the lower end of described steep long down ramp and the lower end of described steep long up gradient, is horizontally disposed with or only has to be beneficial to the lower slightly small gradient ± 2～3 ‰ of track drainage central authorities;
Wherein, taking the horizontal surface through the nadir of described middle transition passage as reference plane, the upper end of described steep long down ramp is identical with the height of the upper end of described steep long up gradient more than described reference plane.
Preferably, described steep long down ramp and long up gradient is respectively and smooth connection between described platform track and middle transition passage suddenly.
Preferably, described platform track has the gradient to front lower place near the part of described departures end, the described gravity train that the described gradient to front lower place forms is less than the running resistance of described gravity train in the weight component of service direction, for described gravity train by this gradient to front lower place the dynamic start by described balance movement resistance driving engine; Or described platform track is gravity-actuated track near the part of described departures end, described gravity-actuated track is used for described gravity train thereon by gravity-actuated.
Preferably, the rear end of described gravity-actuated track is connected with platform track is rotating by enarthrosis spline structure away from one end of described steep long down ramp, and described gravity-actuated track front end arranges towards one end of described steep long down ramp liftable; The second control position that the control position of described gravity-actuated track comprises horizontally disposed the first control position and tilts to front lower place; Described gravity-actuated track its front end in the time of the first control position be positioned at described steep long down ramp upper end above, described gravity-actuated track its front end in the time of the second control position smoothly docks with described steep long down ramp upper end.
Preferably, described gravity-actuated track supported underneath has lifting support structure, for rotating up and down around described enarthrosis spline structure to realize described gravity-actuated track by lifting, between described the first control position and the second control position, switches.
Preferably, described gravity-actuated track below is also provided with damping device.
Preferably, described gravity train rail is the mixed track of mixed track, above-ground route and underground cable or the mixed track of above-ground route and elevated line of underground cable track, elevated line track, underground cable and elevated line.
Preferably, the adjustable floor that described gravity railway car comprises compartment body, be flexibly connected with described compartment body and/or with the fixing safety seat with safety strap and the control setup of described compartment body, described control setup is adjusted to described adjustable floor according to the levelness of described gravity railway car the levelness of setting.
Preferably, the transverse axis at the middle part by being located at described adjustable floor fore-and-aft direction between described adjustable floor and described compartment body is connected, described transverse axis axially parallel and vertical with the service direction of gravity train with the chassis of compartment body, described adjustable floor can be around described transverse axis rotation.
Preferably, described gravity train also comprises sensor, for generating corresponding levelness signal according to the levelness of described gravity railway car and being sent to described control setup.
Preferably, described compartment inner body wall is provided with snap device, in the time that described gravity railway car is positioned at described steep long down ramp or described steep long up gradient, the adjustable floor after described adjusting is carried out to buckle spacing.
Preferably, described gravity train rail also comprises near the change slope signalling apparatus being arranged on slope change position, sends slope change signal for the control setup to the described gravity train that will enter slope change section.
On the other hand, the present invention also provides a kind of operating method of above-mentioned train system, comprises the following steps:
Gravity train rolls platform track away from by the departures end when next stop platform track, arrives steep long down ramp;
Under the gradient effect of described steep long down ramp, gravity produces the acceleration weight component along service direction to described gravity train, and Accelerating running is to middle transition passage under the effect of described acceleration weight component for described gravity train, and speed achieves the goal;
Under the effect of the power producing at balance movement resistance driving engine, described gravity train keeps described object speed to travel at the uniform speed to described steep long up gradient at described middle transition passage;
Under the gradient effect of described steep long up gradient, gravity produces the deceleration weight component along service direction to described gravity train, and described gravity train runs slowly until stop on the platform track of the next stop under the effect of described deceleration weight component.
(3) beneficial effect
Gravity train of the present invention accelerates or the main gravity that relies on of braking does positive work or does negative work, and gravitional force is converted into kinetic energy or kinetic transformation is gravitional force.
Gravity train of the present invention accelerates different from conventional train, and it is kinetic energy that conventional train accelerates a large amount of heat energy of main dependence train driving engine consumption, chemical power or electric energy conversion.Gravity train of the present invention does not need as the train driving engine that accelerates main application of force source, the driving engine of described gravity train is described balance movement resistance driving engine, the train running resistance of required balance is very little compared with train acceleration thrust, described balance movement resistance driving engine is less than conventional train engine power, and acting is few; Described gravity train braking is different from conventional train, no longer mainly relies on the power consumptions such as mechanical friction power, electromagnetic force so that train momentum is removed.
The rule mgh=1/2mv mutually transforming according to conservation of energy theorem, gravitional force-kinetic energy
2(wherein h is the height with respect to reference plane of the object with gravitional force, m is that mass of object, g are that acceleration due to gravity, v are speed of moving body), gravity railway car of the present invention uses described adjustable floor to be conducive to that train operation is large in the gradient, circuit elevation changes track greatly, makes described gravity train mutually transform into possibility in gravitional force-kinetic energy high-energy ground accelerating, in braking procedure; Steep long down ramp described in gravity train rail of the present invention and the steep long up gradient upper end height more than the reference plane by described middle transition passage nadir is identical, make gravity become described gravity train acceleration and brake cheapness, the reusable main application of force capable of circulation source.
The invention enables train operation to save large energy.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is according to the structural representation of the train system of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 a is the structural representation that is positioned at the first control position according to the gravity-actuated track of the train system of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 b is the structural representation that is positioned at the second control position according to the gravity-actuated track of the train system of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 c is the local enlarged diagram at I place in Fig. 2 b;
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram regulating according to levelness according to the gravity railway car adjustable floor of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram when along steep long down ramp operation according to the gravity railway car of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram when along steep long up gradient operation according to the gravity railway car of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram moving on gravity train rail according to the gravity train of the train system of the embodiment of the present invention;
Wherein, 1: gravity train; 2: platform track; 3: long down ramp suddenly; 4: middle transition passage; 5: long up gradient suddenly; 6: gravity; 7: accelerate partical gravity; 8: deceleration partical gravity; 9: long down ramp upper end suddenly; 10: long up gradient upper end suddenly; 11: gravity-actuated track; 12: enarthrosis spline structure; 13: pestle; 14: mortar; 15: gravity railway car; 16: gravity-actuated track front end; 17: lifting supporting mechanism; 18: docking; 19: damping device; 20: horizon; 21: carriage chassis; 22: central transverse axis; 23: adjustable floor leading portion; 23 (a): adjustable floor leading portion is positioned at the bit planes parallel with carriage chassis; 23 (b): adjustable floor leading portion is adjusted to horizontal plane; 23 (c): adjustable floor leading portion is adjusted to and can maintains the light grade plane of riding comfortable; 24: long down ramp lower end suddenly; 25: long up gradient lower end suddenly; 26: regulate pillar stiffener; 27: regulate pillar stiffener; 28: adjustable floor; 28 (a): adjustable floor is positioned at the bit planes parallel with carriage chassis; 28 (b): when adjustable floor leading portion is slightly steeved; 28 (c): adjustable floor leading portion is slightly when nutation; 29: become slope signalling apparatus; 30: the elevation angle; 31: the angle of depression; 32: snap device; 33: reference plane; 34: long down ramp upper end height suddenly; 35: long up gradient upper end height suddenly.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, that the present invention is described in detail is as follows.
Embodiment mono-:
As shown in Fig. 1-Fig. 6, the present embodiment has been recorded a kind of taking gravity as accelerating and braking the train system in main application of force source, comprising: gravity train 1 and gravity train rail,
Described gravity train 1 comprises:
Gravity railway car 15, has one or some joints, for moving on circuit large in the gradient, that ramp is long;
Balance movement resistance driving engine (not shown), for generation of gravity train 1 described in balance is in service and the power of the running resistance that line slope is irrelevant;
Described gravity train rail comprises:
Platform track 2, comprises departures end and the end that enters the station, for stopping, start for described gravity train 1;
Steep long down ramp 3, its upper end 9 is connected with the departures end of working as next stop platform track 2, is used to form the described gravity train 1 of confession and relies on gravity to do positive work along described steep long down ramp 3 Accelerating runnings the achieve the goal gradient and the length of speed;
Steep long up gradient 5, its upper end 10 is connected with the end that enters the station of next stop platform track 2, is used to form for described gravity train 1 and relies on gravity to do negative work along described steep long up gradient 5 brake snub to the gradient and the length that stop at next stop platform track 2;
Middle transition passage 4, is connected between the lower end 24 of described steep long down ramp 3 and the lower end 25 of described steep long up gradient 5, is horizontally disposed with or only has to be beneficial to the lower slightly small gradient ± 2～3 ‰ (not shown) of track drainage central authorities;
Wherein, taking the horizontal surface through the nadir of described middle transition passage 4 as reference plane 33, in described reference plane, more than 33 height 35 is identical in the upper end 10 of the upper end 9 of described steep long down ramp 3 more than 33 height 34 and described steep long up gradient 5 in described reference plane.
In the present embodiment, preferably, described steep long down ramp 3 and steep long up gradient 5 are symmetrical arranged, high the equating of slope of the two, length of grade equates, the absolute value of the gradient equates that (one is negative value, another be on the occasion of), certainly, in other embodiments of the invention, according to needs such as Construction Conditions, described steep long down ramp 3 and steep long up gradient 5 can not be symmetrical yet, as long as the kinetic energy that gravity train 1 is transformed by gravitional force after described steep long down ramp 3 can be that whole kinetic energy is converted into again gravitional force in vanishing after described steep long up gradient 5, in theory according to conservation of energy theorem, the rule mgh=1/2mv that gravitional force-kinetic energy transforms mutually
2, as long as more than 33 height 34,35 is basic equal in described reference plane for both upper ends 9,10 of described steep long down ramp 3 and steep long up gradient 5.The described steep long down ramp 3 of the present embodiment and steep long up gradient 5 are steeper than conventional art existing train rail slope road, long; The concrete numerical value of its gradient size and ramp length, these parameters relate to the acceleration/accel of train operation and the target velocity that can reach, and the combined factors such as combining station spacing, interval expectation running time or design driving minimum interval, driving maximum tonnage capacity are considered definite.
In the present embodiment, in order to ensure the 1 pulsation-free operation of gravity train, respectively and smooth connection between described platform track 2 and middle transition passage 4, connecting portion circuit is set to suitable vertical curve form for described steep long down ramp 3 and suddenly long up gradient 5.
In the present embodiment, described platform track 2 has to the gradient of front lower place and with described steep long down ramp 3 upper ends 9 and continues mutually near the part of described departures end, the described gravity train 1 that the described gradient to front lower place forms is less than the running resistance of described gravity train 1 in the weight component of service direction, while being so both unlikely to cause described gravity train 1 to stop, there is unnecessary slip, when being conducive to again described gravity train 1 and starting with less power by this gradient the dynamic start by described balance movement resistance driving engine; Or described platform track 2 is one section of gravity-actuated track 11 near the part of described departures end, for described gravity train 1 on described gravity-actuated track 11 by gravity-actuated, in the present embodiment, to adopt described gravity-actuated track 11 to describe as example.In other embodiments of the invention, described platform track 2 can be also basic horizontal setting.
As shown in Fig. 2 a-2c, the rear end of described gravity-actuated track 11 is connected with platform track 2 is rotating by enarthrosis spline structure 12 away from one end of described steep long down ramp 3, taking pestle 13 as one end and mortar 14 make for the other end is flexibly connected described gravity-actuated track 11 can taking described enarthrosis spline structure 12 for fulcrum up and down slightly the continuity of rotation and maintenance track with smoothly; Described gravity-actuated track 11 front ends 16 arrange towards one end of described steep long down ramp 3 liftable; The control position of described gravity-actuated track 11 comprises horizontally disposed the first control position, and the second control position tilting to front lower place, and the described gravity train 1 that the gradient tilting to front lower place forms is greater than static friction force and the running resistance thereof between described gravity train 1 and track in the weight component of service direction; Described gravity-actuated track 11 its front end 16 in the time of the first control position be positioned at described steep long down ramp 3 upper ends 9 above, described gravity-actuated track 11 its front end in the time of the second control position smoothly docks 18 with described steep long down ramp 3 upper ends 9.
In the present embodiment, described gravity-actuated track 11 supported underneath have lifting support structure 17, for rotating up and down around described enarthrosis spline structure 12 to realize described gravity-actuated track 11 by lifting, between described the first control position and the second control position, switch.
In the present embodiment, described gravity-actuated track 11 belows are also provided with damping device 19, when gravity-actuated track 11 is rotated by the first control position, can be reposefully and not compared with big bang arrive the second control position.
At described gravity-actuated track 11 during in the first control position, its middle part or front in 1/3 place be that described gravity train 1 front end stops rest point, described gravity-actuated track 11 supported bodies 17 support, and described supporting mechanism 17 locked office in the time that gravity-actuated track 11 remains on the first control position locks and do not sink; After the machine-operated release of described locking, described gravity-actuated track 11 rotates immediately a low-angle, slightly tilts to front lower place with slightly gentle cireular frequency, make its front end 16 near steep long down ramp 3 dock 18 with described steep long down ramp 3 upper ends 9, for the described gravity-actuated track 11 tilting to front lower place, accurately dock 18 also plays directional tagging to the directed sinking of wherein said supporting mechanism 17 with described steep long down ramp 3 upper ends 9.
In the present embodiment, described gravity train rail is the mixed track of mixed track, above-ground route and underground cable or the mixed track of above-ground route and elevated line of underground cable track, elevated line track, underground cable and elevated line.
In the present embodiment, described gravity train 1 is taking gravity as accelerating and brake the structure function that can remain with some conventional train under the prerequisite in main application of force source.
As shown in Figures 3 to 5, in the present embodiment, adjustable floor 28 and control setup that described gravity railway car 15 comprises compartment body, is flexibly connected with described compartment body, described control setup is adjusted to described adjustable floor 28 according to the levelness of described gravity railway car 15 levelness of setting.
In other embodiments of the invention, described gravity railway car 15 can also not arrange described adjustable floor 28, but adopts the safety seat with safety strap fixing with described compartment body; Or can, except arranging described adjustable floor 28, described safety seat be also set.
In the present embodiment, possesses in all types of length and conventional train compartment of described gravity railway car 15 of described adjustable floor 28 shorter one similar or slightly short.Between described adjustable floor 28 and described compartment body, be connected by the transverse axis 22 of being located at described adjustable floor 28 middle parts, described transverse axis 22 axially parallel and vertical with the service direction of gravity train 1 with the chassis 21 of compartment body, described transverse axis 22 is by described carriage chassis 21 and/or two side, described compartment being supported, described adjustable floor 28 leading portions and back segment can be done the activity of similar seesaw sample in certain angle taking described transverse axis 22 as axle, the angle of its activity of face upward-bowing can be conditioned control with the need.
In the present embodiment, be called bit planes by described transverse axis 22 plane parallel with described carriage chassis 21, Fig. 4, in Fig. 5, shown in 28 (a), described adjustable floor is positioned in described bit planes, the angle of described adjustable floor 28 activities of face upward-bowing refers to described adjustable floor 28 leading portions and the folded angle of described bit planes, described in when leading portion is slightly steeved, adjustable floor 28 (b) is called elevation angle 30(as shown in Figure 4 with described bit planes angle), leading portion slightly when nutation described in adjustable floor 28 (c) be called angle of depression 31(as shown in Figure 5 with described bit planes angle).Be provided with adjusting pillar stiffener (not shown in Fig. 4 and Fig. 5) and snap device 32 at described carriage chassis 21 and/or sidewall, described adjustable floor 28 can be positioned at respectively to some different angle positions of face upward-bowing; Face upward-the bow force application mechanism of angular transformation of described adjustable floor 28 can be hydraulic pressure, air pressure or other mechanicals device.
In the present embodiment, described gravity train 1 also comprises sensor, for example be located at the change in location sensor of adjustable floor 28 front and back ends, for generating corresponding levelness signal according to the levelness of described gravity railway car 15 and being sent to described control setup.
As shown in Figure 6, in the present embodiment, described gravity train rail also comprises near the change slope signalling apparatus 29 being arranged on slope change position, sends slope change signal for the control setup to the described gravity train 1 that will enter slope change section.
Described control setup can be positioned at the computer center of gravity train 1, described control setup can be accepted the slope change information of sending from described sensor with from the described change slope signalling apparatus 29 of track grade change point, and then regulate and control described adjustable floor 28 face upward-angle of depression degree evolution (referring to Fig. 3-Fig. 6), for example:
In the time that described gravity railway car 15 is positioned in horizontal rail, described adjustable floor 28 is positioned in the bit planes parallel with described carriage chassis 21;
In the time that described gravity railway car 15 will drive towards down ramp from horizontal rail, sensor can detect the trend of bowing before vehicle body immediately, computer acquisition slope change information is also immediately to described adjusting pillar stiffener 27, snap device 32 and the angular transformation force application mechanism of face upward-bowing send instruction, described adjustable floor 28 (b) is conditioned and is positioned on the corresponding elevation angle 31, make described adjustable floor 28 (b) continue to maintain level or maintain one can maintain the light grade plane of riding comfortable within (gradient than track circuit is now little), what make to take feels still comfortable, steadily,
When described gravity railway car 15 will be when horizontal rail will be driven towards up gradient, sensor is faced upward trend before can detecting immediately vehicle body, computer acquisition slope change information is also immediately to described adjusting pillar stiffener (not shown), snap device 32 and the angular transformation force application mechanism of face upward-bowing send instruction, described adjustable floor 28 (c) is conditioned and is positioned on the corresponding angle of depression 31, make described adjustable floor 28 (c) continue to maintain level or maintain one can maintain the light grade plane of riding comfortable within (gradient than track circuit is now little), what make to take feels still comfortable, steadily,
In the time that described gravity railway car 15 will drive towards horizontal rail from down ramp or up gradient, sensor can detect immediately body gesture and change trend, computer acquisition slope change information is also sent instruction to described adjusting pillar stiffener (not shown), snap device 32 and the angular transformation force application mechanism of face upward-bowing immediately, described adjustable floor 28 is conditioned and is positioned in the horizontal bit planes parallel with described carriage chassis 21, takes and feels comfortable, steady.
In the present embodiment, the driving engine of described gravity train 1 is described balance movement resistance driving engine (not shown), different from the driving engine of conventional train, and described balance movement resistance driving engine does not play train and accelerates thrust; Described balance movement resistance driving engine is less than conventional train engine power, for the running resistance that gravity train 1 described in balance is in service and line slope is irrelevant (comprising train operation basic resistance and other additional resistances), assists if desired to start.
Provide the relevant data analyzing examples of the present embodiment below:
1) described gravity train rail aspect
As described in technical solution of the present invention, the concrete numerical value of described steep long down ramp 3 and described steep long up gradient 5 gradient sizes and ramp length, these parameters relate to the acceleration/accel of train operation and the target velocity that can reach, and the combined factors such as combining station spacing, interval expectation running time or design driving minimum interval, driving maximum tonnage capacity are considered definite.First about distance between sites, subway average station distance is from there being two kinds of trend in the world, and the average 1km of short person left and right, about the average 1.7km of elder; City, domestic several city subway line average station spacing 1～1.2km left and right.Be 85s about driving minimum interval Metro in Paris of France recent design, its driving maximum tonnage capacity is 40 to (domestic specification proposes should not be less than 30 pairs and build up and also reach 40 pairs in latter 25 years, wherein: driving maximum tonnage capacity refers to maximum train numbers that circuit one direction per hour can be passed through).Data analysis of the present invention, taking distance between sites as 1.2km, adopts the underground cable track of station on ground, and interval expectation running time < 85s is example, is analyzed as follows in conjunction with Fig. 1, Fig. 2 a-2c:
A in Fig. 1, D two distance between sites AD=1.2km, wherein AF=ED=500m, FE=BC=200m, AB is described steep long down ramp 3, BC is that described middle transition passage 4(is in described reference plane), CD is described steep long up gradient 5, AB=CD, FB=EC(be equivalent to described steep long down ramp 3 upper ends 9 in described reference plane more than 33 height 34 equal described steep long up gradient 5 upper ends 10 in described reference plane more than 33 height 35), FB is also the diff-H of described steep long down ramp 3 slope terminals, AF is the horizontal throw (500m) of described steep long down ramp 3 slope terminals, (gradient is the diff-H of slope terminal and the ratio of its horizontal throw: FB/AF=-105.10 ‰ to the gradient that notebook data analysis example is established described steep long down ramp 3 for-105.10 ‰, 6 ° of angle FAB ≈), the long AB=502.7m of described steep long down ramp 3, the diff-H FB=52.5m of terminal, gravity 6(g=9.8m/s
2) be parallel to the corresponding acceleration/accel a=1.0m/s of component 7 of described steep long down ramp 3AB direction
2, complete described steep long down ramp 3(AB, 502.7m with this acceleration/accel do uniformly accelerated motion) and used time 31.3s, reach end speed 32.1m/s and be equivalent to 115.5km/h.The gradient of described steep long up gradient 5 is 105.10 ‰, also long CD=502.7m of described steep long up gradient 5.Sail through steep long down ramp 3 described in AB() middle transition passage 4 described in+BC() steep long up gradient 5 described in+CD() whole process used time 68.8s.
Concrete discussion: (one) analyzes from gradient aspect, and the maximum grade of traditional subway main track is 30 ‰, and difficult location can adopt 35 ‰; Teheran metro adopts 50 ‰ maximum line slope, and operation situation is good; It is 50 ‰ that linear motor circuit designs general location maximum grade, and difficult location can adopt 55 ‰, practical application value to 80 ‰.The trend on the more international abrupt slope, road of reaching the standard grade, in the described gravity train rail design of upper example, the gradient 105.10 ‰ is feasible, because adjustable floor 28 can be made the balance adjustment of certain angle described in described gravity railway car 15, range of regulation little (referring to Fig. 3 and refer to below), taking sensation can be good.(2) analyze from speed aspect, the maximum speed 100km/h such as Beijing Metro airport line, Shanghai Underground ride on Bus No. 11 line and branch line thereof, Shenzhen Metro dragon hilllock line, No. three lines of Guangzhou Underground and northern extensions maximum speed thereof are 120km/h, san francisco, usa subway speed reaches 128km/h, and realize driving maximum tonnage capacity and must have higher road speed to ensure, in 1 design of the described gravity train of upper example, maximum speed 115km/h is comparatively suitable.(3) analyze from interval running time, interval driving 68.8s < 85s in described gravity train 1 design of upper example, the maximum tonnage capacity that is conducive to drive a vehicle is no less than 30 pairs and reach the expection of 40 pairs.(4) analyze from track degree of depth aspect, London Underground station extreme depth 59m, about subway station, Paris extreme depth 63m, the dark 90m of Moscow metro, more than subway innermost, Dalian 100m, the Pyongyang subway degree of depth reaches 120m, and because Urban Land Price is surging and underground shallow layer is fully utilized, large degree of depth subway comes into one's own.Extreme depth 52.2m in the described gravity train rail design of upper example, within the scope of an acceptable.
As for described platform track 2, in the departures sections small gradient in oriented front lower place but be still unlikely to cause the train of stopping to produce unnecessary slip, this can be made as-3 ‰ left and right in this example of the small gradient of front lower place; Described gravity-actuated track 11 rotates a low-angle after the machine-operated release of described locking taking described enarthrosis spline structure 12 as fulcrum, described gravity-actuated track 11 far-ends 16 dock 18 with the upper end 9 that is arranged on lower slightly locational described steep long down ramp 3, in this example of the gradient that described gravity-actuated track 11 tilts to front lower place at the second control position, can be made as-6 ‰ left and right.Described middle transition passage 4 basic horizontal or only have small gradient central authorities lower slightly (being beneficial to draining), can be made as in this example :-2 ‰～central authorities are lower slightly～and 2 ‰.Because the theory and practice prompting down ramp effect along-4 ‰ one-5 ‰ partical gravity ON TRAINS balances each other with the running resistance of train, departures of platform track 2 described in above this example section, described gravity-actuated track 11(are at the second control position) and the design reasonable of described middle transition passage 4 gradients.
2) described gravity train 1 aspect
Referring to Fig. 3～Fig. 5, the effect of the interior adjustable floor 28 of described gravity railway car 15, on described gravity railway car 15 travels the described steep long down ramp 3 of great slope and described steep long up gradient 5 tracks time, described adjustable floor 28 can be made the suitable angular adjustment of face upward-bowing, make its still maintenance level substantially, or be adjusted to and can maintain the light grade plane of riding comfortable, make to feel by bus still comfortable, steady.Fig. 3 be described gravity railway car 15 travel this routine said gradient for described in-105.10 ‰ when steep long down ramp 3 described in adjustable floor leading portion 23 activity adjustment situation schematic side view.The length of described adjustable floor 28 is relevant with the length of described gravity railway car 15.There are in the world at present three kinds of subway train compartments: the long 22m of A type, the long 19m of Type B, the long 19m of C type.As described in technical solution of the present invention, in all types of the length of described gravity railway car 15 and conventional train compartment, shorter one is similar or slightly short, is made as long 15m left and right in this example, the long 14m that is made as of wherein said adjustable floor 28.In Fig. 3, ML represents horizon 20, LG represents described steep long down ramp 3, ST represents carriage chassis 21, O represents the central transverse axis 22 of described adjustable floor 28, OJ represents to be positioned at the above adjustable floor leading portion 23 (a) of the described bit planes parallel with described carriage chassis 21, the length of OJ is made as 7m, adjustable floor leading portion 23 (b) described in when OK represents to be adjusted to horizontal plane, OH represent to be adjusted to can maintain the light grade plane of riding comfortable time described in adjustable floor leading portion 23 (c).Wherein saidly maintain the light grade plane of riding comfortable, although meaning be floor compartment in the time of this plane, it has certain slope, feel by bus still comfortable.In fact in prior art, the fixing train of floor compartment does not always travel on the track of level, sometimes on the track such as 30 ‰ gradients just travelling within specification, floor compartment is also in the plane in 30 ‰ gradients, sensation unaffected, still comfortable by bus.The plane with 30 ‰ gradients just can be considered the above-mentioned light grade plane of riding comfortable that maintains.Along with the trend on the abrupt slope of circuit, it is found that, train driving, on the track of 50 ‰ gradients, feels still unaffected by bus, still comfortable, such as Teheran metro Line 1 adopts 50 ‰ maximum line slope, through the operation test of several years, operation situation is good, and abnormal condition do not occur, the selection that proves maximum grade 50 ‰ is feasible, also points out the plane with 50 ‰ gradients also to can be considered the above-mentioned light grade plane of riding comfortable that maintains.In prior art, train engine traction strengthens gradually and is accompanied by circuit abrupt slope, the line slope limit of rotating machine train driving is 30 ‰ left and right, linear electric machine train has reached 80 ‰, it is 50 ‰ that linear motor circuit designs general location maximum grade, difficulty location can adopt 55 ‰, practical application value to 80 ‰, and the theoretical climbing performance from dead stop calculating of linear electric motors is 100 ‰.This also points out the plane of 50 ‰ gradients to can be considered the above-mentioned light grade plane of riding comfortable that maintains from another point of view, and even the plane of 80 ‰ gradients is also likely as the above-mentioned light grade plane of riding comfortable that maintains.The object of establishing described adjustable floor 28 in the railway car of gravity described in the present invention 15 is to remain comfortable by bus, so in the time that described gravity railway car 15 travels on described gravity train rail, according to the variation of the road conditions gradient, described adjustable floor 28 can be conditioned and be controlled at horizontal plane (OK), or is conditioned to be controlled at and described can maintains the light grade plane (OH) of riding comfortable.In this example, the gradient of described steep long down ramp 3 shown in LG is-105.10 ‰, from being positioned at the described adjustable floor leading portion 23 (a) (long 7m) of the described bit planes (OJ) parallel with described carriage chassis 21, if the length K H that described in while being adjusted to horizontal plane (OK), adjustable floor leading portion 23 (b) end regulates pillar stiffener 26 to stretch out is about 70cm; If be adjusted to taking 50 ‰ as described while maintaining the light grade plane (OH) of riding comfortable described in adjustable floor leading portion 23 (c) the end length JH that regulates pillar stiffener 27 to stretch out be about 37cm, if be adjusted to taking 80 ‰ for described while maintaining the light grade plane (OH) of riding comfortable described in the length JH that stretches out of adjustable floor leading portion 23 (c) end adjusting pillar stiffener 27 be only about 17cm.The transverse axis O(fulcrum of described adjustable floor 28 activities) 22 at described adjustable floor 28 middle parts, transverse axis O(fulcrum) 22 both sides, front and back are in a basic balance, as the face upward-angle of depression of seesaw sample degree, to reconcile the required application of force little for it; As above-mentioned analytical calculation, required range of regulation is also very little, can under the control of control setup, realize sensitive and accurate adjusting.(Fig. 3 does not show described adjustable floor 28 back segments situation now, can be referring to Fig. 4, Fig. 5), described gravity railway car 15 travel in the time of described steep long up gradient 5 described in adjustable floor 28 regulate active situation (Fig. 3 do not show, can referring to Fig. 5), can by that analogy, repeat no more.
For described gravity train 1, driving engine is no longer the main application of force source that train accelerates.The described balance movement resistance driving engine that described gravity train 1 uses is for the running resistance (comprising train operation basic resistance and other additional resistances) that gravity train 1 described in balance is in service and line slope is irrelevant, the train running resistance of required balance is about 5/1000ths of the weight of train conventionally, accelerates thrust little many than train.So the power of the described balance movement resistance driving engine that described gravity train 1 uses is little, the related facility costs such as whole electric power system, load also can alleviate.
The visible distance between sites of above data analysis is 1.2km, and in interval running time < 85s situation, described gravity train system is feasible.Further analyze prompting, under the prerequisite identical with above-mentioned distance between sites, running time etc., also have multiple different parameters available; Also can preferred described gravity train 1 under the prerequisite different from above-mentioned distance between sites, running time etc. and the many kinds of parameters combination of described gravity train rail apply to described gravity train system.
In sum, the technical scheme of the present embodiment is practicable, and has saved a large amount of energy consumptions.
Embodiment bis-:
The present embodiment has been recorded a kind of taking gravity as accelerating and brake the operating method (referring to Fig. 1-Fig. 6) of the train system in main application of force source, comprises the following steps:
Gravity train 1 rolls platform track 2 away from by the departures end when next stop platform track 2, arrives steep long down ramp 3;
Under the gradient effect of described steep long down ramp 3, gravity 6 produces the acceleration weight component 7 along service direction to described gravity train 1, and Accelerating running is to middle transition passage 4 under the effect of described acceleration weight component 7 for described gravity train 1, and speed achieves the goal;
Under the effect of the power producing at balance movement resistance driving engine, described gravity train 1 keeps described object speed to travel at the uniform speed to described steep long up gradient 5 at described middle transition passage 4;
Under the gradient effect of described steep long up gradient 5, gravity 6 produces the deceleration weight component 8 along service direction to described gravity train 1, and described gravity train 1 runs slowly until stop on the platform track 2 of the next stop under the effect of described deceleration weight component 8.
The operating method of the train system of recording taking embodiment mono-below describes the present invention in detail as example:
S1: described gravity train 1 rests in departures sections to be had small to descending slope but be still unlikely to cause on described platform track 2 that train glides, the above computing machine-autonomous cruise speed system of car is made information analysis data processing to front road conditions, described balance movement resistance engine ignition, train stop mechanism is removed, and described gravity train 1 starts, or described gravity train 1 rests on the described platform track 2 with described gravity-actuated track 11, described gravity train 1 front end terminate in described gravity-actuated track 11 middle part or front in 1/3 place, the above computing machine-autonomous cruise speed system of car is made information analysis data processing to front road conditions, described balance movement resistance engine ignition, train stop mechanism is removed, the simultaneously machine-operated release of described locking and described gravity-actuated track 11 rotate vertically downward immediately a low-angle with slightly gentle cireular frequency and are switched to described the second control position from described the first control position, described gravity-actuated track 11 front ends 16 that slightly tilt to front lower place be arranged on lower slightly locational described steep long down ramp 3 upper ends 9 and dock 18, described gravity train 1 is subject to starting to front lower place partical gravity effect,
S2: drive towards described steep long down ramp 3 with described gravity train 1 and synchronize, the control setup of the above computing machine-autonomous cruise speed system of car sends instruction in good time, regulate the described adjustable floor 28 of control (b) to be positioned on the corresponding elevation angle 30, make described gravity train 1 along in the descending way of described steep long down ramp 3, described adjustable floor 28 (b) continue to maintain level or maintain one can maintain the light grade plane of riding comfortable within (gradient than track circuit is now little), feeling of taking is still comfortable, steady;
S3: described gravity train 1, under component 7 effects that are parallel to described steep long down ramp 3 along gravity 6, accelerates to glide; Due to the present embodiment large so component the last 7 of gravity 6 of the gradient of long down ramp 3 suddenly, ramp is long so the component 7 of gravity 6 does work more in addition; The gradient is large, and ramp is long, and the variation of circuit elevation is large, available for being converted into the just height of gravitional force of kinetic energy; Gravity 6 becomes the main application of force source that described gravity train 1 accelerates, and described balance movement resistance driving engine is only used for balance train running resistance with miniwatt; When gravitional force is promptly converted into kinetic energy, obtains described gravity train 1 and move needed acceleration/accel, and reach target velocity at gravity train 1 described in described long down ramp suddenly 3 lower ends 24; The above computing machine-autonomous cruise speed system of car is made information analysis, data processing to front road conditions simultaneously;
S4: drive towards described middle transition passage 4 with described gravity train 1 and synchronize, the control setup of the above computing machine-autonomous cruise speed system of car sends instruction in good time, regulate the described adjustable floor 28 of control to be positioned in the bit planes parallel with carriage chassis 21, described gravity train 1 is sailed in way along described middle transition passage 4 is flat, described adjustable floor 28 continues to maintain basic horizontal, and feeling of taking is comfortable, steady;
S5: on described middle transition passage 4, because described balance movement resistance driving engine is with miniwatt balance train running resistance, described gravity train 1 continues with above-mentioned target velocity constant-speed operation, approaching also will rush at described steep long up gradient 5 lower ends 25, and at this moment the above computing machine-autonomous cruise speed system of car is made information analysis, data processing to front road conditions;
S6: rush to described steep long up gradient 5 with described gravity train 1 and synchronize, the control setup of the above computing machine-autonomous cruise speed system of car sends instruction in good time, regulate the described adjustable floor 28 of control (c) to be positioned on the corresponding angle of depression 32, make described gravity train 1 along in the up way of described steep long up gradient 5, described adjustable floor 28 (c) continue to maintain level or maintain one can maintain the light grade plane of riding comfortable within (gradient than track circuit is little), feeling of taking is still comfortable, steady;
S7: described gravity train 1 is parallel under component 8 effects of described steep long up gradient 5 at gravity 6, slows down up, the rule mgh=1/2mv mutually transforming according to conservation of energy theorem, gravitional force-kinetic energy
2, described steep long down ramp 3 and described steep long up gradient 5 both symmetries in the present embodiment, one is down ramp, another is up gradient, both elevations equate, length of grade equates, the absolute value of the gradient equates that (one is negative value, another be on the occasion of), be described steep long down ramp 3 upper ends 9 with described steep long up gradient 5 upper ends 10 in the reference plane by described middle transition passage 4 nadirs more than 33 height 34, 35 is identical, in the situation that getting rid of other resistances interference (train running resistance is by described gravity train 1 balance movement resistance engine power institute balance), if the kinetic energy that described gravity train 1 possesses while sliding at the bottom of 24 (being equivalent to reference plane 33) at the bottom of slope, its being all converted into respect to the gravitional force at the bottom of slope of having on top, slope was arrived at slope from accelerate along slope on described steep long down ramp 3 tops 9, slopes, described gravity train 1 with this kinetic energy from 25 (being equivalent to reference plane 33) adverse grade upper punch at the bottom of described steep long up gradient 5 slopes slow down arrive at slope push up 10 o'clock its whole kinetic energy that possessed in time at the bottom of slope be just in time converted into had on top, slope with respect to the gravitional force at the bottom of slope, gravity becomes the main application of force source of described gravity train 1 along brake snub in the up way of described steep long up gradient 5, when kinetic transformation is gravitional force, obtain described gravity train 1 and brake needed negative acceleration, and described in the time approaching described steep long up gradient 5 upper end 10, gravity train 1 speed reduces to extremely low, the above computing machine-autonomous cruise speed system of car is done information analysis to front road conditions simultaneously, data processing,
S8: slowly drive into the described platform track 2 in lower station with described gravity train 1 and synchronize, the control setup of the above computing machine-autonomous cruise speed system of car sends instruction in good time, regulate the described adjustable floor 28 of control to be positioned in the bit planes parallel with carriage chassis 21, make described gravity train 1 along described platform track 2 flat sail be decelerated to stop way in, described adjustable floor 28 continues to maintain basic horizontal, and feeling of taking is comfortable, steady; Described balance movement resistance engine off, described gravity train 1 rests in departures sections to be had small to descending slope but be still unlikely to cause on described platform track 2 that train glides, or rest on the described platform track 2 with described gravity-actuated track 11, its front end terminate in described gravity-actuated track 11 middle part or front in 1/3 place, prepare next time start operation.
Therefore gravity train 1 operating method of the present embodiment adopts the main application of force source of gravity as train acceleration and brake snub, compared with prior art, has greatly reduced energy consumption.
Above embodiment is only for illustrating the present invention; and be not limitation of the present invention; the those of ordinary skill in relevant technologies field; without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention; can also make a variety of changes and modification; therefore all technical schemes that are equal to also belong to category of the present invention, and scope of patent protection of the present invention should be defined by the claims.
Claims (13)
1. taking gravity as accelerating and braking the train system in main application of force source, it is characterized in that, comprising: gravity train and gravity train rail,
Described gravity train comprises:
Gravity railway car, has one or some joints, for moving on circuit large in the gradient, that ramp is long;
Balance movement resistance driving engine, for generation of in gravity train operation described in balance with the power of the irrelevant running resistance of line slope;
Described gravity train rail comprises:
Platform track, comprises departures end and the end that enters the station, for stopping, start for described gravity train;
Steep long down ramp, upper end is connected with the departures end when next stop platform track, is used to form the described gravity train dependence of confession gravity and does positive work along described steep long down ramp Accelerating running the achieve the goal gradient and the length of speed;
Steep long up gradient, upper end is connected with the end that enters the station of next stop platform track, is used to form for described gravity train and relies on gravity to do negative work along described steep long up gradient brake snub to the gradient and the length that stop at next stop platform track;
Middle transition passage, is connected between the lower end of described steep long down ramp and the lower end of described steep long up gradient, is horizontally disposed with or only has the lower slightly small gradient ± 2～3 ‰ of central authorities that are beneficial to track drainage;
Wherein, taking the horizontal surface through the nadir of described middle transition passage as reference plane, the upper end of described steep long down ramp is identical with the height of the upper end of described steep long up gradient more than described reference plane.
2. train system as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described steep long down ramp and suddenly long up gradient are respectively and smooth connection between described platform track and middle transition passage.
3. train system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described platform track has the gradient to front lower place near the part of described departures end, the described gravity train that the described gradient to front lower place forms is less than the running resistance of described gravity train, the dynamic start for described gravity train by described balance movement resistance driving engine in the weight component of service direction; Or described platform track is gravity-actuated track near the part of described departures end, for described gravity train thereon by gravity-actuated.
4. train system as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that, the rear end of described gravity-actuated track is connected with platform track is rotating by enarthrosis spline structure away from one end of described steep long down ramp, and described gravity-actuated track front end arranges towards one end of described steep long down ramp liftable; The control position of described gravity-actuated track comprises horizontally disposed the first control position, and the second control position tilting to front lower place; Described gravity-actuated track its front end in the time of the first control position be positioned at described steep long down ramp upper end above, described gravity-actuated track its front end in the time of the second control position smoothly docks with described steep long down ramp upper end.
5. train system as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that, described gravity-actuated track supported underneath has lifting support structure, for rotating up and down around described enarthrosis spline structure to realize described gravity-actuated track by lifting, between described the first control position and the second control position, switch.
6. train system as claimed in claim 4, is characterized in that, described gravity-actuated track below is also provided with damping device.
7. train system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described gravity train rail is the mixed track of mixed track, above-ground route and underground cable or the mixed track of above-ground route and elevated line of underground cable track, elevated line track, underground cable and elevated line.
8. train system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the adjustable floor that described gravity railway car comprises compartment body, be flexibly connected with described compartment body and/or with the fixing safety seat with safety strap and the control setup of described compartment body, described control setup is adjusted to described adjustable floor according to the levelness of described gravity train the levelness of setting.
9. train system as claimed in claim 8, it is characterized in that, the transverse axis at the middle part by being located at described adjustable floor fore-and-aft direction between described adjustable floor and described compartment body is connected, described transverse axis axially parallel and vertical with the service direction of gravity train with the chassis of compartment body, described adjustable floor can be around described transverse axis rotation.
10. train system as claimed in claim 8, is characterized in that, described gravity train also comprises sensor, for generating corresponding levelness signal according to the levelness of described gravity train and being sent to described control setup.
11. train systems as claimed in claim 8, it is characterized in that, described compartment inner body wall is provided with snap device, in the time that described gravity train is positioned at described steep long down ramp or described steep long up gradient, the adjustable floor after described adjusting is carried out to buckle spacing.
12. train systems as described in claim 1 or 8, it is characterized in that, described gravity train rail also comprises near the change slope signalling apparatus being arranged on slope change position, sends slope change signal for the control setup to the described gravity train that will enter slope change section.
The operating method of the train system in 13. 1 kinds of claim 1-12 described in any one, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
Gravity train rolls platform track away from by the departures end when next stop platform track, arrives steep long down ramp;
Under the gradient effect of described steep long down ramp, gravity produces the acceleration weight component along service direction to described gravity train, and Accelerating running is to middle transition passage under the effect of described acceleration weight component for described gravity train, and speed achieves the goal;
Under the effect of the power producing at balance movement resistance driving engine, described gravity train keeps described object speed to travel at the uniform speed to described steep long up gradient at described middle transition passage;
Under the gradient effect of described steep long up gradient, gravity produces the deceleration weight component along service direction to described gravity train, and described gravity train runs slowly until stop on the platform track of the next stop under the effect of described deceleration weight component.
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| CN201310066334.4A CN104015735B (en) | 2013-03-01 | 2013-03-01 | Train system taking gravity as main force application source for accelerating and braking as well as running method thereof |
| PCT/SE2014/000002 WO2014133432A1 (en) | 2013-03-01 | 2014-01-09 | Gravity-train system |
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| CN105015582A (en) * | 2015-07-10 | 2015-11-04 | 南车南京浦镇车辆有限公司 | Method for enabling train to safely passroute combining long steep gradients and small curves |
| CN108216270A (en) * | 2018-01-30 | 2018-06-29 | 耿子瑜 | A kind of track vehicle for improving ride experience |
| CN113997984A (en) * | 2020-07-28 | 2022-02-01 | 株洲中车时代电气股份有限公司 | Method for detecting variable slope point and related device |
| CN112406911A (en) * | 2020-11-24 | 2021-02-26 | 广东技术师范大学 | Forest and fruit transportation method and device based on cable-rail combination and computer equipment |
| CN112406911B (en) * | 2020-11-24 | 2021-07-16 | 广东技术师范大学 | Forest and fruit transportation method and device based on cable-rail combination and computer equipment |
| CN114192578A (en) * | 2021-12-10 | 2022-03-18 | 武安市裕华钢铁有限公司 | Efficient release process and equipment for rolling efficiency of strip steel |
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| WO2014133432A1 (en) | 2014-09-04 |
| CN104015735B (en) | 2017-05-17 |
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