CN106199698A - Frequency domain geological data reconstructing method based on many subwaves information - Google Patents
Frequency domain geological data reconstructing method based on many subwaves information Download PDFInfo
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- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/28—Processing seismic data, e.g. analysis, for interpretation, for correction
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of frequency domain geological data reconstructing method based on many subwaves information, and the method includes: step 1, to the geological data containing near-surface multiples, geological data is transformed into frequency domain, uses the method for cross-correlation to build quasi-primary wave in frequency domain；Step 2, according to the relation of geological data He its neighboring track data, excises the shallow-layer noise of quasi-primary wave；Step 3, utilizes the information of quasi-primary wave, calculates Two-Dimensional Reconstruction operator in frequency domain；Step 4, utilizes the geological data near Two-Dimensional Reconstruction operator and disappearance road, carries out the reconstruct of missing data in frequency domain, then frequency domain data is transformed into time domain, using reconstruct data as the data in disappearance road, exports together with the data originally not lacked.Should can solve the problem that is difficult to collect near migration range data in seismic data acquisition by frequency domain geological data reconstructing method based on many subwaves information, thus avoid the adverse effect that subsequent treatment causes by the shortage of data in gatherer process.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to exploration geophysics field, especially relate to one and utilize near-surface multiples and two-dimensional prediction filter
The near migration range data reconstruction method of ripple.
Background technology
During earthquake data acquisition, seismic channel disappearance is the most common, and it shows as dead trace or due to containing strong
Strong noise and trace record disallowable in preprocessing process.And between shot point and geophone station, it is usually present certain distance,
Causing being difficult to collect near migration range data, it is relatively big that the disappearance of geological data processes impact for multiple tracks, as DMO, f-k territory is filtered
Ripple, especially migration imaging, due to the wretched insufficiency of space sampling frequency, migrated section there will be space aliasing and frequency dispersion be existing
As, lateral resolution is deteriorated, and makes explanation personnel cannot correctly explain subsurface structure.
Seismic data compensation method in the case of not re-starting seismic data acquisition, can compensate the earthquake number of disappearance
According to, ensure being smoothed out of subsequent treatment.The most conventional seismic data compensation method mainly has Sinc interpolation method, territory interpolation
Method, territory forecast error filter coefficients method and Trace Interpolation method based on Radon converter technique.Wherein Sinc interpolation method
Although speed is fast when carrying out Trace Interpolation, it is easy to accomplish, but correctly interpolation cannot have the seismic channel of space aliasing.
Although the territory forecast error filter coefficients method of the territory Trace Interpolation method of Spitz and Claerbout can correctly interpolation have
There is the seismic channel of space aliasing, but these method amounts of calculation are the biggest so that it is the practicality in real data is substantially reduced.
Trace Interpolation method based on Radon converter technique may be used for the compensation of seismic data, but the method itself is not to protect width,
Geological data is after Radon direct transform and inverse transformation, and data have small change.
For a long time, in seismic data based on reflection shooting, many subwaves all by people as a kind of noise signal
Eliminate, and do not utilize it.But similar with primary wave, many subwaves are the multiple reflections of subsurface reflector, have also contained ground
Rotating fields information, under extremely complex geological conditions, even contains the subsurface information that primary wave does not has, with suitable side
Method is used and can obtain more abundant geological structure information.
For improving seismic imaging quality, during solving seismic data acquisition, owing to instrument failure or surface conditions affect
Cause seismic channel to lack, particularly the disappearance of near migration range data, cause the problem of subsequent treatment difficulty (as imaging section occurs
Alias, lateral resolution variation etc.).A kind of new frequency domain geological data weight based on many subwaves information is we have invented for this
Structure method, solves above technical problem.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide the quasi-primary wave that a kind of utilization builds by near-surface multiples to have with actual primary wave
Identical kinematics character, from quasi-primary wave data calculate Two-Dimensional Reconstruction operator and realize missing data reconstruction based on repeatedly
The frequency domain geological data reconstructing method of ripple information.
The purpose of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical measures: frequency domain geological data weight based on many subwaves information
Structure method, should include by frequency domain geological data reconstructing method based on many subwaves information: step 1, to the ground containing near-surface multiples
Shake data, are transformed into frequency domain by geological data, use the method for cross-correlation to build quasi-primary wave in frequency domain；Step 2, according to
Geological data and the relation of its neighboring track data, excise the shallow-layer noise of quasi-primary wave；Step 3, utilizes the information of quasi-primary wave,
Two-Dimensional Reconstruction operator is calculated in frequency domain；Step 4, utilizes the geological data near Two-Dimensional Reconstruction operator and disappearance road, in frequency
Territory carries out the reconstruct of missing data, then frequency domain data is transformed into time domain, using reconstruct data as the data lacking road,
Export together with the data originally not lacked.
The purpose of the present invention realizes also by following technical measures:
Should also include by frequency domain geological data reconstructing method based on many subwaves information, before step 1, input is containing top layer
The geological data of many subwaves, and according to the grid arrangement of rule.
In step 1, the record first same big gun collection being contained near-surface multiples carries out cross-correlation, is then based on participating in mutually
The reception point position of relevant recorded trace, is overlapped cross correlation results corresponding for each big gun collection, i.e. can get new road collection,
It has a similar performance characteristic with primary wave, therefore the most quasi-primary wave record, the calculating of cross-correlation is to utilize Fourier transformation
It is transformed into frequency domain to carry out, and non-immediate calculates in time domain.
In step 2, the method for excision is to far choosing a number of control point near, according to geological data and its phase
The relation of neighboring trace data, determines the sampling number needing excision, obtains the excision of each offset distance outside control point by interpolation method
Rate.
In step 3, quasi-primary wave record is divided into multiple time-space sliding window, to each window at frequency
Its Two-Dimensional Reconstruction operator is calculated in rate territory.
In step 4, to primary wave record sliced time-dimensional slip window, the position of window and size and many subwaves
Record identical and one_to_one corresponding, utilize Two-Dimensional Reconstruction operator to carry out the reconstruct of near migration range data each window, finally use
The amplitude of the method correction reconstruct data of RMS amplitude correction, the process of whole data reconstruction is carried out in frequency domain.
Frequency domain geological data reconstructing method based on many subwaves information in the present invention, its basic assumption is subrange
In one geological data can be as many subwaves of its neighboring track, thus this road geological data can be by its neighboring track earthquake
Data prediction.The record that first same big gun collection is contained near-surface multiples by the method carries out cross-correlation, is then based on participating in mutually
The reception point position of the recorded trace closed, is overlapped cross correlation results corresponding for each big gun collection, i.e. can get new road collection, it
There is similar performance characteristic with primary wave, therefore the most quasi-primary wave record；From quasi-primary wave, calculate Two-Dimensional Reconstruction operator, use
This reconstruct operator and primary wave record lack the data near road, reconstructs the geological data of disappearance in gatherer process.This
The bright many subwaves information utilized in earthquake record carries out geological data reconstruct, has clear and definite geophysical significance, uses simultaneously
Fast Fourier transform, has higher computational efficiency, and process and explanation for latter earthquake data provide strong technology
Support.During the method solves seismic data acquisition, cause seismic channel to lack owing to instrument failure or surface conditions affect, lead
Cause the problem (as alias, lateral resolution variation etc. occurs in imaging section) of subsequent treatment difficulty, and then improve seismic imaging matter
Amount, the problem that can solve to be difficult to collect near migration range data in seismic data acquisition, thus avoid in gatherer process
The adverse effect that subsequent treatment is caused by shortage of data.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the stream of a specific embodiment of the frequency domain geological data reconstructing method based on many subwaves information of the present invention
Cheng Tu；
Fig. 2 be the present invention a specific embodiment in the schematic diagram of data containing near-surface multiples；
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the quasi-primary wave built in a specific embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 be the present invention a specific embodiment in excise the schematic diagram of the quasi-primary wave after shallow-layer noise；
Fig. 5 be the present invention a specific embodiment in the schematic diagram of primary wave data；
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of the primary wave that near migration range data are partly cut away；
Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram of the primary wave after near migration range data reconstruction.
Detailed description of the invention
For making the above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention to become apparent, cited below particularly go out preferably to implement
Example, and coordinate shown in accompanying drawing, it is described in detail below.
As it is shown in figure 1, the flow process of the frequency domain geological data reconstructing method based on many subwaves information that Fig. 1 is the present invention
Figure.
In step 101, the input geological data containing near-surface multiples.When building quasi-primary wave and reconstruct disappearance road, adopt
Computational efficiency is improved, owing to have employed Fourier transformation, it is therefore necessary to according to the grid arrangement of rule by Fourier transformation.
In step 102, to the geological data containing near-surface multiples, geological data is transformed into frequency domain, adopts in frequency domain
Quasi-primary wave is built by the method for cross-correlation.First the record same big gun collection being contained near-surface multiples carries out cross-correlation, then
Reception point position based on the recorded trace participating in cross-correlation, is overlapped cross correlation results corresponding for each big gun collection,
To new road collection, it has a similar performance characteristic with primary wave, therefore the most quasi-primary wave record.For improving computational efficiency, mutually
Relevant calculating is to utilize Fourier transformation to be transformed into frequency domain to carry out, and non-immediate calculates in time domain.
In step 103, according to the relation of geological data He its neighboring track data, excise the shallow-layer noise of quasi-primary wave,
Frequency domain utilizes quasi-primary wave to calculate Two-Dimensional Reconstruction operator.The method of excision is: near to far choosing a number of control point,
According to the relation of geological data He its neighboring track data, determine the sampling number needing excision, (inserted as linear by interpolation method
Value etc.) obtain the resection rate of each offset distance outside control point.
In step 104, utilize the geological data near Two-Dimensional Reconstruction operator and disappearance road, carry out missing data in frequency domain
Reconstruct, then frequency domain data is transformed into time domain, finally use RMS amplitude correction method correction reconstruct data
Amplitude.The process of whole data reconstruction carries out in frequency domain, it is to avoid ask for reconstructing the big of operator based on Wiener Filtering
Amount calculates, and uses fast fourier transform algorithm simultaneously, improves computational efficiency.
In step 105, the output of data, using reconstruct data as the data lacking road, with the data originally not lacked
Export together.
By above flow process, it is possible to effectively reconstruct disappearance geological data.Fig. 2 is Sigsbee 2B data, containing top layer repeatedly
The big gun record of ripple；Fig. 3 is the method using cross-correlation, utilizes the quasi-primary wave that the big gun record containing near-surface multiples builds.Accurate one
Subwave contains coherent noise, is excised by shallow-layer coherent noise, the quasi-primary wave after can obtaining such as the excision shallow-layer noise of Fig. 4.
Fig. 5 is primary wave data, and Fig. 6 is the primary wave that near migration range data are partly cut away, and it is by the part near migration range number of Fig. 5
Obtain according to zeroizing.Fig. 7 is the primary wave after near migration range data reconstruction, the data after reconstruct and initial data (Fig. 5)
It can be seen that lineups have obtained preferable reconstruct in contrast, illustrate that the present invention has preferable quality reconstruction to missing data.
Claims (6)
1. frequency domain geological data reconstructing method based on many subwaves information, it is characterised in that should frequency based on many subwaves information
Rate territory geological data reconstructing method includes:
Step 1, to the geological data containing near-surface multiples, is transformed into frequency domain by geological data, uses cross-correlation in frequency domain
Method build quasi-primary wave；
Step 2, according to the relation of geological data He its neighboring track data, excises the shallow-layer noise of quasi-primary wave；
Step 3, utilizes the information of quasi-primary wave, calculates Two-Dimensional Reconstruction operator in frequency domain；
Step 4, utilizes the geological data near Two-Dimensional Reconstruction operator and disappearance road, carries out the reconstruct of missing data in frequency domain,
Then frequency domain data is transformed into time domain, using reconstruct data as the data lacking road, with the data originally not lacked
Export together.
Frequency domain geological data reconstructing method based on many subwaves information the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that should
Frequency domain geological data reconstructing method based on many subwaves information also includes, before step 1, and the input ground containing near-surface multiples
Shake data, and according to the grid arrangement of rule.
Frequency domain geological data reconstructing method based on many subwaves information the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
In step 1, the record first same big gun collection being contained near-surface multiples carries out cross-correlation, is then based on participating in the record of cross-correlation
The reception point position in road, is overlapped cross correlation results corresponding for each big gun collection, i.e. can get new road collection, it and primary wave
There is similar performance characteristic, therefore the most quasi-primary wave record, the calculating of cross-correlation is to utilize Fourier transformation to be transformed into frequency
Territory is carried out, and non-immediate calculates in time domain.
Frequency domain geological data reconstructing method based on many subwaves information the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
In step 2, the method for excision is to far choosing a number of control point near, according to geological data and its neighboring track data
Relation, determines the sampling number needing excision, obtains the resection rate of each offset distance outside control point by interpolation method.
Frequency domain geological data reconstructing method based on many subwaves information the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
In step 3, quasi-primary wave record is divided into multiple time-space sliding window, each window is calculated in frequency domain
Its Two-Dimensional Reconstruction operator.
Frequency domain geological data reconstructing method based on many subwaves information the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
In step 4, primary wave record sliced time-dimensional slip window, the position of window and size and many subwaves are recorded identical and
One_to_one corresponding, utilizes each window Two-Dimensional Reconstruction operator to carry out the reconstruct of near migration range data, finally uses RMS amplitude
The amplitude of the method correction reconstruct data of correction, the process of whole data reconstruction is carried out in frequency domain.
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| CN106772582A (en) * | 2016-12-13 | 2017-05-31 | 西京学院 | A kind of geological data reconstructing method based on image outline analysis |
| CN107045142A (en) * | 2017-07-04 | 2017-08-15 | 吉林大学 | Wavelet field geological data Real Time Compression and High precision reconstruction method based on compressed sensing |
| CN107589456A (en) * | 2017-07-20 | 2018-01-16 | 中国海洋石油总公司 | A kind of method and apparatus and computer-readable recording medium for obtaining geological data |
| CN107831535A (en) * | 2017-08-02 | 2018-03-23 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Time-varying polyphase decomposition and reconstructing method |
| CN109194367A (en) * | 2018-08-20 | 2019-01-11 | 广东石油化工学院 | Power signal reconstructing method in Energy Decomposition |
| CN112083472A (en) * | 2019-06-12 | 2020-12-15 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Tree structure based multiple prediction method and device |
| CN112147693A (en) * | 2020-08-18 | 2020-12-29 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Method and device for suppressing residual multiples with near offset distance |
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106772582A (en) * | 2016-12-13 | 2017-05-31 | 西京学院 | A kind of geological data reconstructing method based on image outline analysis |
| CN106772582B (en) * | 2016-12-13 | 2018-10-26 | 西京学院 | A kind of seismic data reconstructing method based on image outline analysis |
| CN107045142A (en) * | 2017-07-04 | 2017-08-15 | 吉林大学 | Wavelet field geological data Real Time Compression and High precision reconstruction method based on compressed sensing |
| CN107589456A (en) * | 2017-07-20 | 2018-01-16 | 中国海洋石油总公司 | A kind of method and apparatus and computer-readable recording medium for obtaining geological data |
| CN107831535A (en) * | 2017-08-02 | 2018-03-23 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Time-varying polyphase decomposition and reconstructing method |
| CN109194367A (en) * | 2018-08-20 | 2019-01-11 | 广东石油化工学院 | Power signal reconstructing method in Energy Decomposition |
| CN109194367B (en) * | 2018-08-20 | 2021-06-11 | 广东石油化工学院 | Power signal reconstruction method in energy decomposition |
| CN112083472A (en) * | 2019-06-12 | 2020-12-15 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Tree structure based multiple prediction method and device |
| CN112147693A (en) * | 2020-08-18 | 2020-12-29 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Method and device for suppressing residual multiples with near offset distance |
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