CN1066732A - 光导纤维的接头 - Google Patents

光导纤维的接头 Download PDF

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CN1066732A
CN1066732A CN92100690A CN92100690A CN1066732A CN 1066732 A CN1066732 A CN 1066732A CN 92100690 A CN92100690 A CN 92100690A CN 92100690 A CN92100690 A CN 92100690A CN 1066732 A CN1066732 A CN 1066732A
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housing
optical fiber
light transmitting
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CN1027014C (zh
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杰克·P·布洛姆格伦
戈登·D·亨森
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3M Co
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Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing Co
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/36Mechanical coupling means
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/42Coupling light guides with opto-electronic elements
    • G02B6/4292Coupling light guides with opto-electronic elements the light guide being disconnectable from the opto-electronic element, e.g. mutually self aligning arrangements
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/36Mechanical coupling means
    • G02B6/38Mechanical coupling means having fibre to fibre mating means
    • G02B6/3801Permanent connections, i.e. wherein fibres are kept aligned by mechanical means
    • G02B6/3806Semi-permanent connections, i.e. wherein the mechanical means keeping the fibres aligned allow for removal of the fibres
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/36Mechanical coupling means
    • G02B6/38Mechanical coupling means having fibre to fibre mating means
    • G02B6/3807Dismountable connectors, i.e. comprising plugs
    • G02B6/3833Details of mounting fibres in ferrules; Assembly methods; Manufacture
    • G02B6/3834Means for centering or aligning the light guide within the ferrule
    • G02B6/3838Means for centering or aligning the light guide within the ferrule using grooves for light guides
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/36Mechanical coupling means
    • G02B6/38Mechanical coupling means having fibre to fibre mating means
    • G02B6/3807Dismountable connectors, i.e. comprising plugs
    • G02B6/389Dismountable connectors, i.e. comprising plugs characterised by the method of fastening connecting plugs and sockets, e.g. screw- or nut-lock, snap-in, bayonet type
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/36Mechanical coupling means
    • G02B6/38Mechanical coupling means having fibre to fibre mating means
    • G02B6/3807Dismountable connectors, i.e. comprising plugs
    • G02B6/3897Connectors fixed to housings, casing, frames or circuit boards

Abstract

一光导纤维接头包括一被可弹性变形壳体所包 围的具有均匀椭圆截面的长心轴,在相对不变形状态 下,壳体通过把光导纤维端头压向心轴表面的直纵向 槽内就能把二光导纤维形成导光的内连接。当由一 对两级臂组成的包层与壳体成一体或围绕壳体,在用 手指把包层的双臂压向一起时就使壳体变形,这就能 使二光导纤维内连变得更容易。双臂的端头可用来 使接头可拆卸地连到一接线板或一光导纤维的分配 件。

Description

本发明与可同轴内连二光导纤维或把光导纤维连到光电元件上的光导纤维的接头有关。
一些现有的光导纤维接头都需永久地紧固在光导纤维上的机械部件,随之还要把该机械部件紧固到附加件上或紧固到紧夹装置上。这种紧固需专门工具。
共同转让美国专利NO  4470180(申请人Blomgren)所公开的机械式光导纤维接头是一种比较价廉的接头,此美国专利的一最佳实施例接头包括一由一可弹性变形壳体包围的长的固定件,该壳体在相对不变形状态下能迫使一光导纤维端头压向一固定件直的纵向槽内。该光导纤维压进以后再使壳体变形一第二光导纤维的自由端就可插入并与第一光导纤维同轴相连(如上述美国专利中图6C所示),同样也能把它们相互脱开。
被共同转让的美国专利NO  4729619(申请人Blomgren)所公开的上述美国专利的接头的改进中,该长的固定件做成为一截面为均匀椭圆的心轴。现在市场上所销售的光导纤维接头(3M公司的“DORRAN”#07-00060)的结构就属于上述两种美国专利所述的内容,有一带槽的出气口堵头,而光导纤维的缓冲层被剥离暴露后就压在上述堵头的槽内。
该道兰(Dorran)光导纤维接头使用一小的夹钳状工具来挤压壳体,该工具作为道兰(Dorran)05-00105领域的连接装置的附件。
本发明的目的是提供一种不需附带专门工具的但类似于道兰(Dorran)接头的那种光导纤维接头。像道兰接头一样,本发明的接头包括a)一长的固定件,在其表面上形成一直的纵向槽,b)一可变形的壳体包括上述固定件,当壳体变形时,固定件就把光导纤维的一端压在槽内,并且壳体再变形时,又可脱开光导纤维。像道兰(Dorran)接头的长固定件一样,本发明的固定件最好是一均匀椭圆截面的心轴。
本发明的新的光导纤维接头区别于道兰接头的特点在于配有一对二级臂并与壳体成一体或围绕着壳体的包层,当用手指把包层夹紧在一起时就使壳体变形而可装上或脱开光导纤维。该臂还能作为把新型光导纤维接头可拆卸地连到接线板或光导纤维分配件上的连接装置。
该臂最好常态为相互平行延伸并在约为固定件的直径处与壳体接触。在把双臂压紧后,壳体就变成一卵形,这样就把壳体抬起而脱离纵向槽或一已夹紧的光导纤维。与使用一专用工具相比,该接头使插入或取出光导纤维更容易。
最好,包层和壳体是由弹性热塑树酯做成的一整件。然而,为了使新型接头装上现有的道兰(Dorran)接头,包层可设计成能套装在壳体上。
如同道兰(Dorran)#07-00060接头一样,当有出气口的堵头和固定件相互成为一体或紧配合,可使光导纤维的二端裸头和与之相邻的缓冲层的最外表面成直线关系,这使得光导纤维可以更快更易装入新型的光导纤维接头中,这就允许变形的壳体能同时紧压光导纤维和缓冲层。
固定件和堵头(或二个以上堵头)最好是一整块陶瓷制成的单件,因为(1)陶瓷可与大部分光导纤维的构成材料玻璃在机械特性和热特性方面匹配,而且(2)陶瓷块还能制成具有精密的几何尺寸和表面。有相似特性的其它材料包括某些金属合金和诸如来自AMOCO开发的产品“XYDAR”液晶聚合物。
因为目前市场销售的单一尺寸的光导纤维都带有不同尺寸的缓冲层,这就希望由多块零件形成固定件和堵头。因为缓冲层并不需要像光导纤维那样成同轴线对准,所以支撑缓冲层的堵头就可用廉价材料(例如用合成树脂)制成。使用分成树脂还可用新型接头容易以色彩来编号。一最佳合成树酯为聚碳酸酯,它是一种强度大、尺寸稳定,且耐用的热塑树酯。
固定件设计成允许光导纤维各裸头邻接一光电元件。当该新型接头内连二光导纤维,正常情况下,固定件内的槽允许光导纤维同轴对接。当希望失调时,纵向槽可做成中心线不连续以定位邻接的光导纤维使它们略微偏离完全的同轴对准。当接头用于输出逐渐减小的半导体激光器时,可一次又一次快速且廉价地改变接头以减小其衰减并保持传送信号大小不变。通过中间加一滤光器或只要隔开内连的光导纤维就可做到失调。
参照附图,可更方便理解本发明,附图的各图中形象地说明能内连二光导纤维的本发明的光导纤维接头,除了图4中所示为一光导纤维连到一光电元件,在附图中:
图1为本发明第一种光导纤维接头的透视图;
图2为本发明第二种光导纤维接头,但有部分剖开的透视图;
图3是本发明已可拆卸地装在接线板上的第三种光导纤维接头的端视图。
图4是本发明第四种光导纤维接头的透视图。
在图1中,一光导纤维接头10有一具有均匀椭圆截面的长心轴11,而同轴邻接的光导纤维(未示出)的裸头就被一可弹性变形的壳体16紧压在心轴表面所形成的直的纵向V形槽13内。由一对凸缘18组成的包层17与壳体成整体,该对凸缘18常为相互平行延伸,在约为心轴直径处与壳体相交。此外所用的一元件与另一元件成整体的说法理解为该二元件形成的一单一的构件。当沿箭头19的方向用手指把凸缘挤压在一起,此对凸缘充当二级杠杆而使壳体变形,因此就脱开了光导纤维的裸头。
图2中,一光导纤维接头20有一有均匀椭圆截面并由三元件组成的长心轴。该心轴的中间元件22材料为陶瓷并有一可容纳同轴邻接头光导纤维裸头(未示出)的纵向V形槽23。压靠在中间元件二端的是一对树酯材料制成的有出气口的堵头24,各堵头开有一圆柱形凹槽25,该凹槽深度使缓冲层和一对光导纤维的裸头25A的最外表面都位于一直线上。一可弹性变形的壳体26可同时卡紧光导纤维和缓冲层。
壳体26夹在由一对常态为相互平行的凸缘28组成的包层27其中一凸缘在中间分开成一对臂28A。当其中一臂挤压到对面凸缘时,壳体就变形使在该接头端头处的光导纤维接上或取下。凸缘上分别带凸块29使壳体26不过分受力。
图3中,一光导纤维接头30有一有均匀椭圆截面的长心轴31。心轴表面开有其中心为V形部分33的直线纵向槽以容纳同轴邻接光导纤维的裸头,还有更深的外槽35以容纳光导纤维的缓冲层。通过一弹性可变形的壳体36把光导纤维的裸头和缓冲层压向心轴31。壳体与由一对凸缘38组成的包层37为一整体,在凸缘端的凸块39允许接头可拆卸地连到线枢29A的若干平行头39B中的任意一个上。
图4中,一光导纤维接头40有一具有均匀椭圆截面的长心轴41。心轴表面开有一通向直纵向槽的钟形开口43,光导纤维(图中未示出)通过一可弹性变形的壳体46夹紧在该纵向槽内。壳体与由一对凸缘48组成的包层47为一整体,各凸缘在中间分开,这样,在接头40的第一端有一对臂48A。包层用来包容在接头另一端上的一光电元件50,该元件与插入接头第一端的光导纤维成邻接关系。在凸缘48端头的凸块49使壳体46不过分受力,并允许接头可拆卸地连到一接线板上(图上未示出)。
实例1
一图1中光导纤维接头的原型做成具有一陶瓷的心轴11和由一整块聚醚胺树脂(CE公司的ULTEM1000”)加工而成的包层17,其尺寸如下:
包层的长度  32毫米
高度  10毫米
宽度  7毫米
凸缘  厚度  1.4毫米
心轴孔直径  3.25毫米
心轴的长轴直径  3.28毫米
心轴的短轴直径  2.9毫米
V形槽的顶角  70
V形槽的周向宽度  0.2毫米
缓冲层槽半径  0.4毫米
凸缘有足够的弹性,以致用手指挤压接头一端的凸缘,在不影响已紧固在接头另一端光导纤维的情况下,可方便地插入或取出另一光导纤维。
实例2和实例3
相似于图1中光导纤维接头10的原型,除了如图2所示方式把一凸缘分开成二个臂(实例2)和把一对凸缘分开成二对臂(实例3)外,其它均同于图1的接头。与实例1的接头比较,在实例2中较容易挤压接头的臂和凸缘。与实例1的接头相比,实例3中较容易挤压接头的一对臂。
实例4
一图2中光导纤维接头的原型做成具有一陶瓷的心轴21,一对树脂的带出气口的堵头24,一聚醚磺的壳体26以及一聚醚胺树脂注模成型的包层27。
实例1至实例4中各光导纤维接头可断定比道兰(Dorran)#07-00060接头便于使用。

Claims (10)

1、一光导纤维接头有α)一其表面开有直的纵向槽的长固定件,b)一包围上述固定件的可变形壳体,当壳体不变形时,它能把光导纤维的一端紧压在槽内,而当壳体变形时,就能脱开光导纤维,其特征在于其改进部分有:
由一对二级臂组成的包层与壳体成一整体或包绕着壳体,当用手指挤压双臂在一起时就使壳体变形而脱开上述光导纤维。
2、根据权利要求1所述的光导纤维接头,其特征在于所述的一对臂常态为相互平行延伸并在约为心轴的直径处接触壳体,以致在挤压双臂后,壳体变形成卵形,因而就把光导纤维抬离纵向槽或另一固定的光导纤维。
3、根据权利要求1所陈的光导纤维接头,其特征在于上述包层含有限制双臂相互相对运动的装置。
4、根据权利要求3所述的光导纤维接头,其特征在于上述限制相对运动的装置有一与各上述臂成一体的凸块,当双臂挤压在一起时,该凸块就彼此邻接。
5、根据权利要求1所述的光导纤维接头,其特征在于包层和壳体是弹性树脂制成的一整体。
6、根据权利要求1所述的光导纤维接头,其特征在于壳体和包层是单独的二件,而包层装在壳体之上。
7、根据权利要求1所述的光导纤维接头,其特征在于它还包含有允许一对光导纤维的裸头插入槽内成邻接关系的装置。
8、根据权利要求1所述的光导纤维接头,其特征在于固定件有一均匀椭圆截面,上述槽在上述椭圆截面的长轴方向沿固定件的整个长度延伸。
9、根据权利要求1所述的光导纤维接头,其特征在于上述槽有一致的浅的部分和深的部分,在该浅和深的部分内分别放着一光导纤维的裸头和该缓冲层的相邻部分,它们各自最外表面成直线地安放着,因而允许上述可变形壳体同时把光导纤维缓冲层压靠着固定件。
10、根据权利要求1所述的光导纤维接头,其特征在于上述各臂可形成使其臂端可拆卸地连到接线板或光导纤维分配件的装置。
CN92100690A 1991-02-07 1992-02-02 光导纤维的接头 Expired - Fee Related CN1027014C (zh)

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US07/651,734 US5078467A (en) 1991-02-07 1991-02-07 Optical fiber connector including integral deformable housing and second-class levers
US07/651,734 1991-02-07

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CN1066732A true CN1066732A (zh) 1992-12-02
CN1027014C CN1027014C (zh) 1994-12-14

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AU (1) AU660443B2 (zh)
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AU1068192A (en) 1992-08-13
CN1027014C (zh) 1994-12-14
IL100772A (en) 1994-05-30
HU208378B (en) 1993-09-28
MY108112A (en) 1996-08-15
DE69218480T2 (de) 1997-09-25
HU9200224D0 (en) 1992-04-28
MX9200445A (es) 1992-08-01
NO920379L (no) 1992-08-10
KR920016861A (ko) 1992-09-25
AU660443B2 (en) 1995-06-29
PL293395A1 (en) 1992-08-10
IL100772A0 (en) 1992-09-06
JP3140532B2 (ja) 2001-03-05
ATE150875T1 (de) 1997-04-15
GR3022954T3 (en) 1997-06-30
EP0498601B1 (en) 1997-03-26
DE69218480D1 (de) 1997-04-30
DK0498601T3 (da) 1997-09-22
EP0498601A1 (en) 1992-08-12
CS33992A3 (en) 1992-08-12
ES2099203T3 (es) 1997-05-16
KR100254086B1 (ko) 2000-05-01
HUT62709A (en) 1993-05-28
US5078467A (en) 1992-01-07
CA2060298A1 (en) 1992-08-08
BR9200412A (pt) 1992-10-13
NO920379D0 (no) 1992-01-28
JPH0580234A (ja) 1993-04-02
PL167969B1 (pl) 1995-12-30
CZ282267B6 (cs) 1997-06-11

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