CN1083483C - 用于塑料器皿的漂清助剂 - Google Patents
用于塑料器皿的漂清助剂 Download PDFInfo
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- CN1083483C CN1083483C CN95193761A CN95193761A CN1083483C CN 1083483 C CN1083483 C CN 1083483C CN 95193761 A CN95193761 A CN 95193761A CN 95193761 A CN95193761 A CN 95193761A CN 1083483 C CN1083483 C CN 1083483C
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/16—Organic compounds
- C11D3/37—Polymers
- C11D3/3703—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C11D3/373—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing silicones
- C11D3/3738—Alkoxylated silicones
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/004—Surface-active compounds containing F
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
- C11D1/667—Neutral esters, e.g. sorbitan esters
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
- C11D1/722—Ethers of polyoxyalkylene glycols having mixed oxyalkylene groups; Polyalkoxylated fatty alcohols or polyalkoxylated alkylaryl alcohols with mixed oxyalkylele groups
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
- C11D1/825—Mixtures of compounds all of which are non-ionic
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/16—Organic compounds
- C11D3/37—Polymers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/16—Organic compounds
- C11D3/37—Polymers
- C11D3/3703—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C11D3/373—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing silicones
- C11D3/3742—Nitrogen containing silicones
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
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- C11D2111/18—
Abstract
本申请公开一种用于塑料器皿的仅需低浓度常规烃类表面活性剂的漂清助剂组合物。这种组合物显示现有漂清助剂不经特殊处理无法达到的塑料器皿上的足够铺展作用和可接受的干燥时间。所述的组合物含有烃类表面活性剂和聚醚或聚甜菜碱聚硅氧烷共聚物表面活性剂、任选地和氟化烃类表面活性剂。这种组合物可被配制成适于稀释的固体或液体,以形成用于餐具洗涤机中与塑料器皿接触的漂清剂水溶液。
Description
与相关申请的相互对照
本申请是1994年9月12日提交的申请号为08/304,571的部分继续申请。
发明的技术领域
本发明涉及用于洗涤塑料餐具、盘碟和扁平餐具的洗涤方法和化学品。更具体地说,本发明主要涉及可加入水中的有机物质,这种物质能促进碱性洗涤剂循环后在所用漂清剂水溶液(aquous rinse)中的铺展作用(sheeting action)。这种漂清助剂水溶液促进有效的铺展,从而能在可接受的干燥时间内从塑料餐具、盘碟和扁平餐具上除去所含的含水漂清物质和固体,而不使塑料餐具破裂。
发明的背景
许多年来,机械餐具洗涤机已广泛用于团体和家庭环境中。这种自动化餐具洗涤机用二个或多个循环洗净餐具。这些循环可以包括一个在先的洗涤循环和一个在后的漂清循环。如有必要,这种餐具洗涤机也可使用浸泡循环、预洗循环、擦洗循环、二次洗涤循环、漂清循环、消毒循环和干燥循环。如有必要,还可重复这些循环以及使用其它的循环。洗涤、漂清和干燥循环后,碟子、杯子、玻璃杯等可能出现斑迹,这些斑迹是由漂清步骤后水在器皿表面不均匀沥干产生的。感觉上,这些斑迹对大多数消费者和团体环境是不可接受的。
为了基本上防止形成斑迹,通常将漂清剂加入水中,形成漂清剂水溶液,完全洗净后将其喷在器皿上。漂清剂作用的确切机理还没有被证实。一种理论认为,在浊点或在浊点之上的温度时漂清助剂中的表面活性剂被吸附在表面上,这样减少了固体-液体界面能量和接触角。从而形成可从表面均匀沥干的连续薄膜,结果使斑迹的形成减少到最低限度。一般来说,高泡沫表面活性剂具有高于漂清水温度的浊点。按照这个理论,这种表面活性剂不利于成膜,因此会产生斑迹。而且,已知高泡沫物质会影响餐具洗涤机的操作。漂清剂水溶液中,常规漂清助剂组合物的用量约少于1000ppm,较好少于500ppm,一般为50-200ppm活性物质。在消费者和团体市场上购得的漂清剂包括液体形式和固体形式,所述的液体和固体可加入、分散或溶解到水中,形成漂清剂水溶液。这种溶解可能发生于安置在碟架上的漂清剂。这种漂清剂可被稀释,并用加料机加料。所述的加料机可安装在餐具洗涤机的上面或里面,或单独分开安装但与餐具洗涤机协同操作。
市售的常规漂清剂一般含有由环氧烷烃类(如环氧乙烷、环氧丙烷或其混合物)的均聚物或共聚物制成的低泡沫表面活性剂。这种表面活性剂的一般制备方法是,将醇、乙二醇、羧酸、胺或取代酚与各种比例和组合的环氧乙烷和环氧丙烷反应,形成无规和嵌段共聚物替代物(substituents)。
市售的常规漂清剂的主要目的是减少玻璃、陶器、瓷器和金属上的斑迹和薄膜。然而,目前更广泛使用的是塑料器皿,特别是在团体市场上。用于塑料器皿的漂清助剂表面活性剂的一个特殊问题是腐蚀和使器皿产生微小裂纹。嵌段共聚物表面活性剂似乎没有象脂肪醇或烷基酚非离子表面活性剂那样强烈地腐蚀塑料。线性烷氧基类(alkoxylates)显示对耐热有机玻璃、聚苯乙烯、或Tupperware、常规器皿塑料没有腐蚀作用。不过,现有的表面活性剂没有提供漂清循环后可接受的干燥时间内的所需铺展。
美国专利5,298,289描述了用多酚化合物的衍生物处理和后处理表面(特别是金属表面)的方法。据称,这些组合物也可用于处理塑料和涂漆表面,以改善漂清能力,而无水膜残迹。所用的表面活性剂是已知的阴离子表面活性剂和非离子表面活性剂的混合物。
美国专利4,452,646中描述了液体餐具洗涤剂组合物。这种组合物含有高度乙氧化的非离子型表面活性剂,以减少如玻璃、陶器、金属表面上的斑迹和水膜残迹。
欧洲专利申请0,432,836揭示了烷基聚苷(glycoside)表面活性剂在聚碳酸酯漂清助剂组合物中的应用。
美国专利4,089,804中揭示了氟化表面活性剂。该专利中将一种非乙氧化氟脂族磺酰胺醇加入到常规氟化烃表面活性剂增效剂中。据称,这种组合物可用于各种工业品(如家用化妆品和个人用品)中。也提到洗餐具的漂清助剂。
现已报道了一些用于漂清助剂组合物的有机硅烷,所述的有机硅烷含有与阴离子(如单官能有机酸)结合的氮、磷或硫阳离子基。美国专利4,005,024揭示这种漂清助剂组合物中用于摄取特定污垢颗粒的化合物。
现已揭示与用于自动餐具洗涤机的漂清助剂组合物中的低泡沫乙氧化非离子型表面活性剂合用的氨基硅烷。
在漂清助剂组合物中,还未曾揭示一种用于塑料器皿的氟化表面活性剂或硅烷。
令人惊奇的是,我们发现,在常规含烃类表面活性剂的漂清助剂组合物中单独或与氟化烃类表面活性剂(特别是乙氧化氟化脂族磺酰胺醇(ethoxylatedfluorinated aliphatic sulfonamide alcohol))一起加入聚醚或聚甜菜碱聚硅氧烷(polybetaine polysiloxane)非离子或两性表面活性剂,可以制得在塑料器皿上有极好铺展性能(sheeting properties)的漂清剂,这种漂清剂不会腐蚀或使塑料产生微小裂纹。更重要的是,在漂清循环后的可接受时间内它可提供干燥、无斑迹的塑料器皿。
发明的概述
因此,本发明是用于塑料器皿的漂清助剂组合物。这种组合物可以制成可稀释液体、凝胶或固体浓缩物,稀释时,形成漂清剂水溶液。除常规漂清助剂表面活性剂(如烃类表面活性剂)以外,这种组合物包括约0.1-10%重量聚环氧烷烃改性的聚二甲基硅氧烷或聚甜菜碱(polybetaine)改性的聚硅氧烷、任选地和约0.1-10%重量氟化烃非离子型表面活性剂。
本发明的另一方面是一种清洗塑料器皿的方法,即(a)在100-180°F温度时先将塑料器皿与器皿洗涤机中碱性水清洗剂接触,产生清洗过的塑料器皿,以及(b)将清洗过的塑料器皿与主要含水稀释剂的漂清剂水溶液接触。该漂清剂水溶液含有约2-100ppm烃类表面活性剂、约0.01-10ppm聚环氧烷烃改性的聚二甲基硅氧烷或聚甜菜碱改性的聚硅氧烷、任选地和约0.1-10ppm氟化烃表面活性剂(如乙氧化氟脂族磺酰胺醇)。
发明的详细描述
对于本发明的目的,术语“漂清剂”是指可用水流稀释成漂清剂水溶液的浓缩物质。因此,漂清剂水溶液是一种在漂清循环中与器皿接触的含水物质。铺展剂(sheeting agent)是一种用于促进漂清剂水溶液均匀沥干的聚合物质。铺展定义为形成连续均匀的沥干膜,蒸发水后基本上不留下斑迹或膜迹。对于术语“碟子”或“器皿”广义上是指食品的制造、运送、消费和处理过程中所用的各种制品,它包括罐、平锅、托盘、大水罐、碗、盘、茶托、杯子、玻璃杯、叉、刀、匙、抹刀、和其它团体或家庭厨房或餐厅中常用的玻璃、金属、陶器、塑料复合制品。
因为本发明的重点在于塑料制品,所以术语“塑料器皿”包括用如聚碳酸酯、密胺、聚丙烯、聚酯树脂、聚砜等制成的上述制品。
单独或与含氟表面活性剂一起用作本发明中添加剂的硅氧烷表面活性剂是聚甜菜碱改性的聚硅氧烷两性表面活性剂。两者最好是经硅氢化反应已被聚醚或聚甜菜碱接枝的线性聚硅氧烷共聚物。这种方法产生有侧链烷基的(AP型)共聚物。在该共聚物中例如用一系列水解稳定的Si-C键将聚环氧烷基连接到硅氧烷主链上。这些产物具有如下通式:式中R是-(CH2)3-O-(EO)x-(PO)y-Z
EO是亚乙氧基,PO是1,2-亚丙氧基,Z是氢或含1-6个碳原子的烷基,EO∶PO的重量百分比为100∶0至0∶100。通过改变上述的x和y以及系数n和m已合成了许多表面活性剂。优选的是,n等于0或1,m至少为1。更优选的是Z为氢、甲基或丁基以及EO∶PO的重量比为100∶0至40∶60的硅氧烷。特别有用的是本申请所述并称为SILWET表面活性剂(购自Union Carbide)或ABIL聚醚或聚甜菜碱聚硅氧烷共聚物(购自Goldschmidt Chemical Corp.)的硅氧烷表面活性剂。据称,本发明中所用的特定硅氧烷例如具有低的表面张力、高的润湿能力和极好的润滑性。例如,润湿能力和极好的润滑性。例如,据称这些表面活性剂能润湿聚四氟乙烯表面。
与上述硅烷一起用作本发明中添加剂的含氟表面活性剂是氟化烃类表面活性剂,如乙氧化氟脂族磺酰胺醇、氟脂族聚氧乙烯乙醇、氟脂族烷氧基化物或氟脂族酯。这些FluoradTM表面活性剂购自3M。氟化烷基聚氧化亚乙基乙醇(一种优选的表面活性剂)是氟脂族磺酰胺醇的聚氧化亚乙基的加成物。这种加成物具有极好的润湿、铺展和均匀分布的性能。这些表面活性剂具有如下的通式:
RfSO2N(C2H5)(CH2CH2O)xH
式中Rf为CnF2n+1,其中n为6-10,x为10-20。特别有用的是n为8,x等于14的表面活性剂。这种称为FC-170的特定表面活性剂同样购自3M。
虽然已知氟烃类表面活性剂和(聚)硅氧烷类(silicone)表面活性剂是良好的润湿剂,且已分别用于漂清助剂组合物,但还没有揭示用于有效地漂清塑料器皿的助剂中。在本发明中我们发现,与烃类表面活性剂混合使用某些聚硅氧烷共聚物可以制成适用于塑料器皿的极好漂清助剂。我们也发现,某些(聚)硅氧烷聚硅氧烷共聚物和氟烃类表面活性剂与常规烃类表面活性剂的组合物也可产生适用于塑料器皿的极好漂清助剂。现已发现,除了某些效果相同的本发明的聚环氧烷烃改性的聚二甲基硅氧烷或聚甜菜碱聚硅氧烷共聚物以外,这种组合物比各个组分要好。因此,本发明中优选的实施方案包括聚硅氧烷共聚物单组分及其与烃类表面活性剂的组合物,最好包括聚醚聚硅氧烷、非离子硅氧烷表面活性剂。两性硅氧烷表面活性剂、聚甜菜碱聚硅氧烷共聚物可单独用作常规漂清助剂中的添加剂,提供相同的结果。
因为上述单个硅氧烷添加剂组分及其与氟烃的组合物可适用于所有常规的漂清助剂组合物,所以以下对组分和漂清助剂组合物的描述仅是解释性的,并未对本发明构成限制。
常规漂清助剂组合物中烃类表面活性剂的一个例子是非离子表面活性剂,一般是由环氧乙烷、环氧丙烷按均聚、嵌段共聚或无规聚合(heteric)方式制成聚醚化合物。这种聚醚化合物称为聚环氧烷烃聚合物、聚氧亚烷基聚合物或聚亚烷基二醇聚合物。这种铺展剂即漂清剂的分子量约为500-15000之间。已发现,某些类型聚氧亚丙基-聚氧亚乙基二醇聚合物漂清剂特别有用。这些表面活性剂含有至少一个聚氧亚丙基嵌段和至少另一个与该聚氧亚丙基嵌段相连接的聚氧亚乙基嵌段。分子中可以存在另一些聚氧亚乙基或聚氧亚丙基嵌段。这些平均分子量约为500-15000的材料可按注册商标PLURONIC(BASF公司制造)或其它化学供应商的各种商标购得。另外,注册商标为PLURONICR(逆普卢兰尼克结构)的漂清助剂组合物也可用于本发明的漂清助剂。而且,环氧乙烷或环氧丙烷与醇负离子和烷基酚负离子、脂肪酸负离子或其它这类负离子物质反应制得的漂清助剂也是有用的。一个特别有用的漂清助剂组合物可以含有一个端基封闭的聚烷氧化C6-24线型(linear)醇。这种漂清助剂可用聚氧亚乙基或聚氧亚丙基单元制成,然后可用常规试剂封闭,形成醚端基。这类漂清助剂中一个特别有用的实例是聚乙氧化C12-14线型醇的苄基醚(参见美国专利3,444,247)。含有EO和PO嵌段的醇乙氧化物可能是特别有用的,因为这些化合物的立体化学可以被脲(用于制造固体漂清助剂的一种成分)包藏。
特别有用的聚氧亚丙基聚氧亚乙基嵌段聚合物是那些含有聚氧亚丙基中心嵌段和与中心嵌段两侧相连接的聚氧亚乙基嵌段的聚合物。这些共聚物具有如下所示的分子式:
(EO)n-(PO)m-(EO)n
式中m是21-54间的一个整数;n是7-128间的一个整数。其它有用的嵌段聚合物是那些有聚氧亚乙基中心嵌段和与中心嵌段两侧相连接的聚氧亚丙基嵌段的聚合物。这些共聚物具有如下所示的分子式:
(PO)n-(EO)m-(PO)n
式中m是14-164间的一个整数;n是9-22间的一个整数。
在制备常规漂清助剂组合物时,通常使用水溶助长剂。这种试剂也可用于本发明中。
水溶助长性是与材料改善液相中物质溶解性或溶混性(这种物质在该液相中倾向于不溶)的能力有关的一种性质。提供水溶助长性的物质称为水溶助长剂,它的使用浓度要低于被加溶的物质。
通过提高不溶物质的溶解度或产生胶束或混合胶束结构而形成不溶物质在溶剂中的稳定悬浮液,水溶助长剂减少了溶剂。水溶助长的机理还不完全清楚。但显然,或是水溶助长剂增强了主要溶剂(在本案中是水)与不溶物质间的氢键结合,或是水溶助长剂在不溶组合物周围形成了胶束结构,将该物质保留在悬浮液/溶液中。在本发明中,水溶助长剂对于制造时或使用场合稀释时维持铸型(cast)漂清组合物的均匀溶液最有用。聚环氧烷烃材料与铸型助剂(casting aids)的组合物倾向于与水溶液部分不相容,因此在溶液的储存过程中会发生相变或相分离。水溶助长剂将漂清组合物保持于含非离子漂清剂的单相溶液中。所述的非离子漂清剂均匀分散在该组合物中。
优选水溶助长剂的用量约为0.1-20%重量,这种水溶助长剂包括小分子的阴离子型表面活性剂。最优选的水溶助长剂的用量约1-10%重量,这种水溶助长剂包括芳族磺酸或磺化的水溶助长剂(如C1-5取代的苯磺酸或萘磺酸)。这种水溶助长剂的例子是二甲苯磺酸或萘磺酸或其盐。这些物质没有提供任何明显的表面活性剂或铺展活性,但明显提高了漂清助剂的有机物质在水漂清组合物中的溶解度。
因此,适于稀释成漂清剂水溶液的塑料器皿漂清助剂组合物的一个优选实施方案包括:(a)约2-90%重量一种或多种非离子型表面活性剂;(b)约1-20%重量水溶助长剂;(c)约0.1-10%重量有如下通式的聚硅氧烷共聚物式中R是-(CH2)3-O-(EO)x-(PO)y-Z或
n等于0或1;m至少为1,Z为氢或含1-6个碳原子的烷基,EO∶PO的重量比(%)为100∶0-0∶100任选地,(d)约0.1-10%重量乙氧化氟脂族磺酰胺醇。
本发明漂清助剂组合物的另一个实施方案是含漂清助剂组合物的上述硅氧烷表面活性剂,所述的漂清助剂组合物含有非离子嵌段共聚物和消泡剂组合物、任选地和上述的氟烃表面活性剂。由于高的浊点和差的润湿性,不曾料到本发明中的非离子环氧乙烷环氧丙烷嵌段共聚物能在漂清剂水溶液中提供有效的铺展作用和低泡沫。然而,已由高浊点、高泡沫表面活性剂及揭示于WO-A-94/24256的适当消泡剂制成漂清剂,这种漂清剂能稀释成提供有效铺展性和低泡沫性的漂清剂水溶液。
适用于这些漂清剂的各种高浊点非离子型表面活性剂的示意性而非限制性的例子包括有如下通式的环氧乙烷环氧丙烷嵌段共聚物:
(EO)x(PO)y(EO)z
式中x、y和z反映整个嵌段共聚物组合物中每种环氧烷烃单体的平均分子比例。x一般约为30-130,y一般约为30-70,z一般约为30-130,x+y一般约大于60。嵌段共聚物中所有聚环氧乙烷组分至少约占嵌段共聚物的40%摩尔,一般占嵌段共聚物的75%摩尔或更多。这种物质的分子量较好约大于5000,更好约大于10000。
消泡剂含有许多适于使各种组分消泡的不同物质。消泡剂可含有阴离子或阳离子物质,如聚乙二醇、聚丙二醇、脂肪酸和脂肪酸衍生物、脂肪酸硫酸盐(fatticacid sulfates)、磷酸酯、磺化材料、基于(聚)硅氧烷的组合物等。
优选的消泡剂是含(聚)硅氧烷的食品添加剂消泡剂和其它类型的活性防沫剂。
(聚)硅氧烷消泡剂包括聚二烷基硅氧烷,较好为聚二甲基硅氧烷。这种基于(聚)硅氧烷的消泡剂可与二氧化硅组合。这些二氧化硅材料可包括二氧化硅、熔融二氧化硅、衍生的二氧化硅、硅烷化的二氧化硅等。市售的防沫剂是聚二甲基硅氧烷和硅胶的组合物。另一种食品添加剂消泡剂含有脂肪酸消泡剂。这种消泡剂组合物可含有脂肪酸或脂肪酸衍生物的简单碱金属盐或碱土金属盐。这种衍生物的例子包括多羟基化合物(如乙二醇、甘油、丙二醇、己二醇等)的一、二或三-脂肪酸酯。这种消泡剂最好含有甘油的脂肪酸单酯。用于这种消泡组合物的脂肪酸可含有任何C8-24饱和或不饱和、直链或支链的单或聚合脂肪酸及其盐,例如包括肉豆蔻酸、棕榈酸、硬脂酸、山萮酸、二十四酸、棕榈炔酸、油酸、亚油酸、花生四烯酸及市售的其它脂肪酸。其它市售食品添加剂防沫剂包括不溶于水的蜡,较好是微晶石蜡、石蜡、合成石蜡、米蜡(rice base wax)、熔点约35-125℃和皂化值低的蜂蜡、白油等。在漂清剂中这些物质的使用浓度足以防止漂清循环期间在餐具洗涤机中积聚起任何可测量的稳定泡沫。本发明组合物中,这种消泡组合物的用量约为0.1-30%重量,最好为0.2-25%重量。
因此,适于稀释成漂清剂水溶液的塑料器皿漂清助剂组合物包括:(a)约5-40%重量分子量≥5000、浊点(用1%重量水溶液测量)大于50℃的环氧乙烷和环氧丙烷非离子型嵌段共聚物组合物;(b)约0.2-25%重量食品添加剂消泡剂组合物;(c)约0.1-10%重量有如下通式的聚硅氧烷共聚物式中R是-(CH2)3-O-(EO)x-(PO)y-Z或
n等于0或1;m至少为1,Z为氢或含1-6个碳原子的烷基,EO∶PO的重量比(%)为100∶0-0∶100,任选地,(d)约0.1-10%重量乙氧化氟脂族磺酰胺醇。
本发明的另一个实施方案是含有上述硅氧烷表面活性剂的漂清助剂组合物,该漂清助剂组合物仅含食品添加剂组分、任选地和上述的氟烃表面活性剂。该组合物包括一类非离子表面活性剂,即脱水山梨醇脂肪酸酯的聚环氧烷烃类衍生物。当仔细选择消泡剂组合物时,这类非离子型表面活性剂显示令人惊奇的铺展作用。这些非离子型表面活性剂描述于WO-A-94/24256。有效的消泡剂组合物选自上述的(聚)硅氧烷消泡剂、碱金属(如钠、钾等)或碱土金属脂肪酸盐消泡剂或甘油脂肪酸单酯消泡剂。优选的是,用(聚)硅氧烷基材料使脱水山梨醇材料消泡。
山梨醇或脱水山梨醇可用常规技术与环氧烷烃(alkylene oxide)(如环氧乙烷或环氧丙烷)或脂肪酸、或两者进行衍生,产生非离子表面活性剂铺展剂材料。这些铺展剂(sheeting agent)的一般特征在于:每摩尔表面活性剂含1-3摩尔脂肪酸(酯型),每摩尔表面活性剂含15摩尔以上的环氧烷烃,较佳为15-40摩尔,更佳为15-25摩尔。表面活性剂组合物是用环氧烷烃摩尔比例和山梨醇或脱水山梨醇分子上脂肪酸残基的摩尔比例表征的许多化合物的混合物。该组合物的一般用整个组合物中环氧烷烃(一般是环氧乙烷)和脂肪酸的平均浓度表征。优选的非离子型表面活性剂的例子是polysorbate 20,它也被称为Tween 20(ICI),一般认为是山梨醇和脱水山梨醇的月桂酸酯混合物,主要由与约20摩尔环氧乙烷缩合的脂肪酸单酯组成。polysorbate 60是山梨醇和脱水山梨醇的月桂酸酯混合物,它主要由与约20摩尔环氧乙烷缩合的脂肪酸单酯组成。已经批准,在规定的条件和用量下所选择的聚山梨酸酯(polysorbate)非离子型表面活性剂可直接用于人类消费的食品。
适用于漂清助剂组合物的烷氧基化脱水山梨醇或山梨醇脂族酯包括任何与漂清剂组合物的其它组分组合时能提供有效铺展作用或漂清性能的与环氧烷烃衍生的脱水山梨醇或山梨醇脂族酯。优选的组合物是脱水山梨醇或山梨醇脂肪酸酯的环氧乙烷缩合物。除了提供优异的铺展和漂清性能外,这些材料也被批准为食品添加剂(液体或蜡状固体形式),这种添加剂易被配制成浓缩的液体或固体漂清剂。适用于漂清剂的烷氧基化脱水山梨醇或山梨醇脂肪酸酯包括一、二和三酯及其混合物。用脂肪酸(如月桂酸、肉豆蔻酸、棕榈酸、硬脂酸、油酸、亚油酸及其它已知的类似饱和、不饱和(顺式或反式)、支链或直链的脂肪酸)酯化山梨醇或脱水山梨醇,而将脱水山梨醇脂肪酸酯衍生。优选的食品添加剂或GRAS脂肪酸是已批准为直接用作食品添加剂的脱水山梨醇酯,如脱水山梨醇一硬脂酸酯、POE20脱水山梨醇一月桂酸酯、POE 20脱水山梨醇一硬脂酸酯、POE 20脱水山梨醇三硬脂酸酯、POE 20脱水山梨醇一油酸酯及其混合物。根据它们的成本的可接受性和提供极好铺展作用和漂清性能的能力,优选的有用乙氧化脱水山梨醇或山梨醇脂肪酸酯包括用环氧乙烷衍生的单酯。
因此,适于稀释成漂清剂水溶液的塑料器皿漂清助剂组合物包括:(a)约5-50%重量脱水山梨醇脂肪酸酯,其中每摩尔脱水山梨醇约含15摩尔以上环氧烷烃;(b)约0.2-25%重量消泡剂组合物,其选自脂肪酸的碱金属盐或碱土金属盐、(聚)硅氧烷、甘油的脂肪酸酯及其混合物;(c)约0.1-10%重量有如下通式的聚硅氧烷共聚物式中R是-(CH2)3-O-(EO)x-(PO)y-Z或
n等于0或1;m至少为1,Z为氢或含1-6个碳原子的烷基,EO∶PO的重量比(%)为100∶0-0∶100,任选地,(d)约0.1-10%重量乙氧化氟脂族磺酰胺醇。
如有必需,本发明的漂清剂可含多价金属配位剂或螯合剂,这些试剂可有助于减少生活用水中硬性组分的有害作用。家用水中存在的钙、镁、铁、锰等离子一般会影响洗涤组合物或漂清组合物的作用。螯合剂能有效地配位和清除与活性组分有不适当相互作用的离子,从而提高漂清剂的性能。有机和无机的螯合剂是常用的。无机螯合剂包括三聚磷酸钠和高级线型和环状聚磷酸盐之类的化合物。有机螯合剂包括高分子型或小分子型螯合剂。高分子型螯合剂一般含有多阴离子组分,如聚丙烯酸化合物。小分子型有机螯合剂包括乙二胺四乙酸盐、羟乙二胺四乙酸盐、次氮基三乙酸盐、乙二胺四丙酸盐、三亚乙基四胺六乙酸盐以及各自的碱金属铵盐和取代铵盐。氨基磷酸盐也适用作本发明组合物中的螯合剂,它包括乙二胺(四亚甲基磷酸盐)、次氮基三亚甲基磷酸盐、二亚乙基三胺(五亚甲基磷酸盐)。这些氨基磷酸盐一般含有少于8个碳原子的烷基。优选的螯合剂包括已批准的食品添加剂螯合剂,如乙二胺四乙酸的二钠盐。
本发明的液体漂清剂组合物包括可用作载体的液体基础组分和用于形成漂清剂水溶液的含有水性稀释剂。液体基础组分最好是水或与水相容的溶剂,以便得到相容的混合物。水以外的示意性非限制的溶剂包括低分子量C1-6伯和仲的一、二和三水合醇(如乙醇、异丙醇)以及含2-6个碳原子和2-6个羟基的多元醇(如丙二醇、甘油、1,3-丙二醇、丙二醇等)。
本发明的组合物可用常规配制设备和技术进行配制。本发明的组合物一般可含有表I所示的组分比例。
在制造本发明液体漂清剂的过程中,一般将液体稀释剂或大部分液体稀释剂加到市售混合设备的混合槽中,制造这些材料。将防腐剂或其它稳定剂加入到液体稀释剂中。调配完成后,必须注意搅拌漂清剂,以避免聚合物分子量的降低或将组合物暴露于较高温度。一般将这些材料搅拌到均匀为止,然后用市售的包装材料进行包装,出售前送到仓库。
组合物中加入铸型剂(casting agent)可以将本发明的液体材料配制成固体块状漂清剂。一般可用有机或无机固化材料固化该组合物。因为无机组合物会在漂清循环中产生斑迹,所以最好使用有机材料。最优选的铸型剂是聚乙二醇以及含有脲和非离子聚乙烯或聚环氧丙烷聚合物的包合配合物。聚乙二醇(PEG)用在熔融型固化操作中,即在高于PEG熔点以上温度下将铺展剂和其它组分与PEG均匀混合,然后将均匀混合物冷却。包合配合物的固化方法描述于Morganson等的美国专利4,647,258。
本发明漂清剂的有机性质可能会被分解或受微生物的侵蚀。可以抑制氧化分解或微生物侵蚀的优选稳定剂包括食品级稳定剂和食品级抗氧化剂。用于稳定本发明组合物的最优选的材料包括C1-10一、二和三羧酸化合物。这种酸的优选例子包括乙酸、柠檬酸、乳酸、酒石酸、苹果酸、富马酸、山梨酸、苯甲酸等。
可以按常规用量包含在本发明漂清剂中的任选组分包括溶剂、操作助剂、腐蚀抑制剂、染料、填料、荧光增白剂、杀菌剂、pH调节剂(单乙醇胺、碳酸钠、氢氧化钠、盐酸、磷酸等)、漂白剂、漂白活性剂、香料等。
本发明固体和液体浓缩组合物中活性剂的范围列于表I中,漂清剂水溶液中活性剂的范围列于表II中。
表I活性剂 一般的用量(%重量) 优选的(%重量)
液体 固体烃类表面活性剂 2-90 8-30 5-75氟烃类表面活性剂 0.1-10 0.5-5 0.5-5硅氧烷类表面活性剂 0.1-10 0.5-5 0.5-5
表II活性剂 一般的用量(ppm) 优选的用量(ppm)烃类表面活性剂 2-100 30-50氟烃类表面活性剂 0.01-10 0.1-1.0硅氧烷类表面活性剂 0.01-10 0.1-1.0
分配本发明液体漂清剂的一般方法是,将含该液体材料的包装物加入到适于用水将该液体稀释到最终使用浓度的分配器(dispenser)中。漂清剂水溶液中活性材料的浓度如表II所示(单位是ppm)。适用于本发明液体漂清剂的分配器的例子是DRYMASTER-P(Ecolab Inc.,St.Paul,Minnesota出售)。
固体块状产品可被方便地分配,即将固体块状材料插入容器或去除外包装插入喷啉型分配器中,如volume SOL-ET控制的漂清注入缸系统(Ecolab Inc.,St.Paul,Minnesota制造)。在漂清循环中,这种分配器与餐具洗涤机协同工作。当餐具洗涤机需要时,分配器将水花喷向固体块状漂清剂。这些水花有效地溶解一部分块状漂清剂,产生浓缩的漂清水溶液,然后将该水溶液直接送到漂清水中形成漂清剂水溶液。然后将这种漂清剂水溶液与餐具相接触,进行完全的漂清。通过测量被分配材料的体积、漂清水中材料的实际浓度(用电极测量电解质)或测量固体块状材料上的喷啉时间,这种分配器或其它类似的分配器能控制漂清剂水溶液中活性嵌段共聚物和添加剂的有效浓度。
如下的实施例和数据进一步说明本发明的实施。这些实施例和数据不应视为对本发明的限制和含有最佳的方式。
实施例I
经常规混合各组分制备如下四种液体组合物。
*有上述通式的硅氧烷,式中Z是甲基,n为0,m为l,EO∶PO的重量比(%)为100∶0。
项目 | 原材料 | 配方编号(重量%) | |||
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | ||
1 | PO为端基的EO/PO嵌段共聚物(32%EO) | 19.300 | 19.720 | 19.633 | 19.461 |
2 | PO为端基的EO/PO嵌段共聚物(39%EO) | 52.309 | 54.147 | 53.908 | 53.436 |
3 | FluoradTMFC-170C | 0.887 | 0.875 | ||
4 | SilwetL-77* | 1.325 | 1.313 | ||
5 | C14-15线型伯醇乙氧基化物 | 5.000 | 5.067 | 5.044 | 5.000 |
6 | 惰性物质(到100%) |
这些组合物在改进的Champion 1 KAB餐具洗涤机中进行评价。该餐具洗涤机用玻璃窗代替前不锈钢板,用机械泵和洗涤臂(wash arm)进行漂清试验。
为评价试验组合物,首先要选择合适的试验底物(substrate)。这些底物是规定项目(institutional account)常用的普通塑料餐具片。在为铺展试验作准备时,将测试底物放在改进的Champion 1 KAB餐具洗涤机中用160°F软化水中的0.2%热点(Hotpoint)污垢接触3分钟。试验步骤是按10ppm活性剂的增量将试验漂清助剂组合物加入到机械泵中,将160°F的试验溶液循环30秒钟,关掉洗涤机,观察每个测试底物上的水斑类型。有三种水斑。它们是:
0.没有铺展。试验溶液从试验底物上流走后,留下不连续的水滴。
1.气泡(pinhole)铺展。试验溶液从试验底物上流走后,留下连续的薄膜。该薄膜在表面上含有气泡。薄膜沥干和干燥后试验底物上没有留下斑迹(droplet)。
2.完全铺展。试验溶液从试验底物上流走后,留下不含气泡的连续薄膜。薄膜沥干和干燥后试验底物上没有留下斑迹(droplet)。
本试验中所用的水是软化得很好的水。每次评价试验溶液/10ppm活性剂增量后,记录每种试验底物的结果。继续进行试验,直到获得良好的性能曲线,以便能对试验组合物的相对性能作出判断为止。
下表中给出上述四种组合物的结果。表1-4
表1包括市售漂洗助剂的结果。注意:直到使用70ppm活性剂为止,没有一种塑料底物显示完全的铺展。
表2包括含FluoradTMFC-170C的同组活性剂的结果。60ppm时它的性能勉强合格(marginally better),在某些塑料底物上完成铺展。
表3包括含SilwetL-77的同组活性剂的结果。60ppm时它的性能勉强合格,在某些塑料底物上完成铺展。
表4包括本发明的结果。它既含有FluoradTMFC-170C,又含有SilwetL-77。40ppm时它的性能好得多,在几种塑料底物上完成铺展。
同样按四种规定的试验项目相对于配方1所示的市售漂清助剂评价配方4所示的本发明。
在相同或更低浓度的每个项目中,塑料餐具上的干燥结果已有明显的改善。当用市售产品时,塑料餐具上留下大的残余漂清水滴,从而干燥时间就长得多,即塑料餐具很湿。当用本发明时,干燥时间大大缩短,塑料餐具很干。
表1
配方1软水.160°F.热点污染的盘子。(-)没有铺展。(|)气泡铺展,(×)完全铺展。
ppm活性剂 | 0 | 10 | 20 | 30 | 40 | 50 | 60 | 70 | 80 | 90 | 100 |
PC碗 | - | - | - | - | - | - | | | × | × | × | × |
PC瓷砖 | - | - | - | - | - | - | | | | | × | × | × |
玻璃 | - | - | - | - | | | | | | | × | × | × | × |
瓷板 | - | - | - | - | - | | | | | | | | | × | × |
Mel板 | - | - | - | - | - | | | | | × | × | × | × |
P3板 | - | - | - | - | - | | | | | × | × | × | × |
P3杯 | - | - | - | - | | | | | | | × | × | × | × |
Dnx杯 | - | - | - | - | - | | | | | × | × | × | × |
Dnx碗 | - | - | - | - | - | | | | | × | × | × | × |
P3罐 | - | - | - | - | - | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Poly Try | - | - | - | - | | | | | | | × | × | × | × |
PS(盘) | - | - | - | - | - | - | | | | | | | × | × |
PS匙 | - | - | - | - | - | - | | | | | | | | | × |
SS刀 | - | - | - | - | - | | | × | × | × | × | × |
温度°F | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 |
泡沫” | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.2 | 0.3 |
表2
配方2含FC-170-C和不含Silwet L-77的配方1。软水,160°F,热点污染的盘子。(-)没有铺展,(|)气泡铺展,(×)完全铺展。
ppm活性剂 | 0 | 10 | 20 | 30 | 40 | 50 | 60 | 70 | 80 | 90 | 100 |
PC碗 | - | - | - | - | - | - | | | | | | | | | × |
PC瓷砖 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | | | | | | | × |
玻璃 | - | - | - | - | - | | | | | × | × | × | × |
瓷板 | - | - | - | - | - | | | | | × | × | × | × |
Mel板 | - | - | - | - | - | | | | | × | × | × | × |
P3板 | - | - | - | - | - | | | | | × | × | × | × |
P3杯 | - | - | - | - | | | | | × | × | × | × | × |
Dnx杯 | - | - | - | - | | | | | × | × | × | × | × |
Dnx碗 | - | - | - | - | | | | | × | × | × | × | × |
P3罐 | - | - | - | - | - | - | | | | | | | | | | |
Poly Try | - | - | - | - | - | | | × | × | × | × | × |
PS(盘) | - | - | - | - | - | - | | | | | | | | | | |
PS匙 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | | | | | | | | |
SS刀 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | | | × | × | × |
温度°F | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 |
泡沫” | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
表3
配方3含Silwet L-77和不含FC-170-C的配方1。软水,160°F,热点污染的盘子。(-)没有铺展,(|)气泡铺展,(×)完全铺展。
ppm活性剂 | 0 | 10 | 20 | 30 | 40 | 50 | 60 | 70 | 80 | 90 | 100 |
PC碗 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | | | × | × | × |
PC瓷砖 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | | | | | | | | |
玻璃 | - | - | - | - | - | - | | | × | × | × | × |
瓷板 | - | - | - | - | - | | | | | | | × | × | × |
Mel板 | - | - | - | - | - | | | | | | | × | × | × |
P3板 | - | - | - | - | - | | | | | | | × | × | × |
P3杯 | - | - | - | - | - | - | | | × | × | × | × |
Dnx杯 | - | - | - | - | - | | | × | × | × | × | × |
Dnx碗 | - | - | - | - | - | | | × | × | × | × | × |
P3罐 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | | | | | | | | |
PolyTry | - | - | - | - | - | | | | | × | × | × | × |
PS(盘) | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | | | | | | | | |
PS匙 | - | - | - | - | - | - | | | | | × | × | × |
SS刀 | - | - | - | - | - | - | | | | | × | × | × |
温度°F | 160 | 160 | 160 | 159 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 161 | 161 |
泡沫” | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.6 | 0.8 | 0.9 |
表4
配方4含Silwet L-77和FC-170C的配方1软水,160°F,热点污染的盘子。(-)没有铺展,(|)气泡铺展,(×)完全铺展
实施例II
ppm活性剂 | 0 | 10 | 20 | 30 | 40 | 50 | 60 | 70 | 80 | 90 | 100 |
PC碗 | - | - | - | - | × | × | × | × | × | ||
PC瓷砖 | - | - | - | - | | | × | × | × | × | ||
玻璃 | - | - | - | | | × | × | × | × | × | ||
瓷板 | - | | | | | | | × | × | × | × | × | ||
Mel板 | - | - | - | | | × | × | × | × | × | ||
P3板 | - | - | - | | | | | | | × | × | × | ||
P3杯 | - | - | | | | | × | × | × | × | × | ||
Dnx杯 | - | - | - | - | × | × | × | × | × | ||
Dnx碗 | - | - | - | - | × | × | × | × | × | ||
P3罐 | - | - | - | - | | | | | | | | | | | ||
Poly Try | - | - | - | | | × | × | × | × | × | ||
PS(盘) | - | - | - | - | | | × | × | × | × | ||
PS匙 | - | - | - | - | | | × | × | × | × | ||
SS刀 | - | - | - | | | × | × | × | × | × | ||
温度°F | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 161 | 161 | 158 | 160 | 161 | ||
泡沫” | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.2 |
按上述的方法制备如下三种固体漂清助剂组合物,并加以相互比较。配方5含有与实施例I的配方4相同的活性成分。结果(表5、6和7)显示与配方4组合物相似的效果。
项目 | 原材料 | 配方编号(%重量) | ||
5 | 6 | 7 | ||
1 | PO为端基的EO/PO嵌段共聚物(32%EO) | 19.649 | 19.649 | 19.649 |
2 | PO为端基的EO/PO嵌段共聚物(39%EO) | 53.248 | 53.248 | 53.248 |
3 | FluoradTM FC-170C | 0.875 | 0.875 | 0.875 |
4 | SilwetL-77 | 1.313 | ||
5 | ABIL-B-8852(a) | 1.313 | ||
6 | ABIL-B-8863(b) | 1.313 | ||
7 | C14-15线型伯醇乙氧基化物 | 5.000 | 5.000 | 5.000 |
8 | 脲 | 16.000 | 16.000 | 16.000 |
9 | 惰性物质(到100%) |
(a)有上述通式的硅氧烷,式中Z是H,n和m等于1,EO∶PO的重量百分比为20∶80。
(b)有上述通式的硅氧烷,式中Z是H,n和m等于1,EO∶PO的重量百分比为40∶60。
表5
配方5
ppm | 0 | 10 | 20 | 30 | 40 | 50 | 60 | 70 | 80 | 90 | 100 | 110 | 120 | 130 | 140 | 150 |
聚碳酸酯瓷砖 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | | | | | | | | | | | | |
聚碳酸酯碗 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
大玻璃杯 | - | - | - | - | - | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
瓷板 | - | - | - | - | - | - | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
密胺板 | - | - | - | - | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
聚丙烯板 | - | - | - | - | - | - | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
聚丙烯杯 | - | - | - | - | - | | | | | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × |
Dnx杯 | - | - | - | - | - | - | | | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × |
Dnx碗 | - | - | - | - | - | | | | | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × |
聚丙烯罐 | - | - | - | - | - | - | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Poly Tray | - | - | - | - | - | - | | | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × |
聚磺酸酯盘 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
聚磺酸酯匙 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | | | | | - | | | | | | | | | | | | |
不锈钢刀 | - | - | - | - | - | - | | | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × |
温度(°F) | 161 | 161 | 161 | 161 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 360 | 160 |
泡沫(°F) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 |
表6
配方6
ppm | 0 | 10 | 20 | 30 | 40 | 50 | 60 | 70 | 80 | 90 | 100 | 110 | 120 | 130 | 140 | 150 |
聚碳酸酯瓷砖 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | | | - | | | | | | | | | | | | |
聚碳酸酯碗 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
大玻璃杯 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
瓷板 | - | - | - | - | - | - | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
密胺板 | - | - | - | - | - | - | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
聚丙烯板 | - | - | - | - | - | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
聚丙烯杯 | - | - | - | - | | | | | | | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × |
Dnx杯 | - | - | - | - | | | | | | | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × |
Dnx碗 | - | - | - | - | | | | | | | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × |
聚丙烯罐 | - | - | - | - | - | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Poly Tray | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | | | | | × | × | × | × | × | × | × |
聚磺酸酯盘 | - | - | - | - | - | - | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
聚磺酸酯匙 | - | - | - | - | - | - | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
不锈钢刀 | - | - | - | - | - | - | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | × | × | × |
温度(°F) | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 |
泡沫(°F) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.3 |
表7
配方7
ppm | 0 | 10 | 20 | 30 | 40 | 50 | 60 | 70 | 80 | 90 | 100 | 110 | 120 | 130 | 140 | 150 |
聚碳酸酯瓷砖 | - | - | - | - | - | - | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
聚碳酸酯碗 | - | - | - | - | - | - | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
大玻璃杯 | - | - | - | - | - | - | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
瓷板 | - | - | - | - | - | - | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
密胺板 | - | - | - | - | - | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
聚丙烯板 | - | - | - | - | - | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
聚丙烯杯 | - | - | - | - | | | | | | | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × |
Dnx杯 | - | - | - | - | | | | | | | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × |
Dnx碗 | - | - | - | - | | | | | | | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × |
聚丙烯罐 | - | - | - | - | - | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Poly Tray | - | - | - | - | - | - | | | | | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × |
聚磺酸酯盘 | - | - | - | - | - | - | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
聚磺酸酯匙 | - | - | - | - | - | - | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
不锈钢刀 | - | - | - | - | - | - | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | × | × | × |
温度(°F) | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 |
泡沫(°F) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
实施例III
按如下配方配制组合物,并进行评价。所有添加剂的使用浓度与活件剂相同。
ABIL QUAT 3272 购自Goldschmidt Chemical,它是聚二甲基硅氧烷和有机季
项目 | 原材料 | 配方编号(%重量) | ||||
8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | ||
1 | PO为端基的EO/PO嵌段共聚物(32%EO) | 19.300 | 19.868 | 19.884 | 19.885 | 19.885 |
2 | PO为端基的EO/PO嵌段共聚物(39%EO) | 52.300 | 53.841 | 53.887 | 53.887 | 53.887 |
3 | ABIL B9950 | -- | 4.376 | -- | -- | -- |
4 | ABIL-Quat 3272 | -- | -- | 2.628 | -- | -- |
5 | ABIL-B-8878 | -- | -- | -- | 1.313 | -- |
6 | ABIL-B-8847 | -- | -- | -- | -- | 1.313 |
7 | 惰性物质(到100%) | |||||
13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | ||
1 | 19.885 | 19.885 | 19.885 | 19.885 | 19.885 | |
2 | 53.887 | 53.887 | 53.887 | 53.887 | 53.887 | |
3 | ABIL-8842 | 1.313 | -- | -- | -- | |
4 | Tegopren-5840 | -- | 1.313 | -- | -- | |
5 | PECOSIL SMO-40 | -- | -- | 3.284 | -- | |
6 | PECOSIL SBP-1240 | -- | -- | -- | 3.284 | |
7 | PECOSIL CAP-1240 | -- | -- | -- | -- | 3.284 |
8 | 惰性物质(到100%) |
氮基的共聚物。它是50%活性的。ABIL B9550 购自Goldschmidt Chemical,它是上述通式的聚硅氧烷聚有
重量比为80∶20,分子量为800。
B-8842 上述通式的聚硅氧烷,其中Z是H,n和m等于1,EO∶PO
重量比为100∶0,分子量为5000。
B-8878 上述通式的聚硅氧烷,其中Z是H,n和m等于1,EO∶PO
重量比为100∶0,分子量为600。Tegopren 5840 聚醚聚硅氧烷PECOSIL SPB-1240购自Phoesnix Chemical,它是(聚)硅氧烷磷甜菜碱(silicone和SMQ-40 Phosphobetaines),它们是40%活性的。和CAP-1240
将这些配方的组合物放在实施例I所述的改进Champion 1 KAB餐具洗涤机中进行评价。下列表中给出了上述10种配方的结果。表8-17表8 包括市售漂洗助剂的结果。注意:直到使用70ppm活性剂为止,没
有一种塑料底物显示完全的铺展。它是与以下九种配方进行比较的标
准配方。表9 包括含ABIL B-9950的同组活性剂的结果。它的性能好得多,40ppm
时完成某些塑料底物上的铺展。该配方代表本发明。表10 包括含ABIL-Quat 3272的同组活性剂的结果。它的性能稍差,80
ppm时完成某些塑料底物上的铺展。表11 包括含ABIL B-8878的同组活性剂的结果。它的性能勉强合格,60
ppm时完成某些塑料底物上的铺展。这是本发明的实施方案。表12 包括含ABIL B-8847的同组活性剂的结果。它的性能勉强合格,60
ppm时完成某些塑料底物上的铺展。这是本发明的实施方案。表13 包括含ABIL B-8842的同组活性剂的结果。50ppm时它能在某些塑
料底物上完成铺展。它是本发明的第二个实施方案。表14 包括含Tegopren-5840的同组活性剂的结果。它的性能更差,高达150
ppm也没有完成任何塑料餐具上的铺展。表15 包括含PECOSIL SMQ-40的同组活性剂的结果。它的性能差得多,
高达150ppm也没有完成任何塑料餐具上的铺展。表16 包括含PECOSIL SPB-1240的同组活性剂的结果。它的性能极差,高
达150ppm时也没有完成任何塑料餐具上的铺展。表17 包括含PECOSIL CAP-1240的同组活性剂的结果。它的性能稍差,
90ppm时有完成某些塑料餐具上的铺展。(聚)硅氧烷添加剂的性质对结果的影响可能很大。当将其加入到基础漂清助剂组分组时,有些添加剂产生更好的结果,有些添加剂对结果的影响不大,有些添加剂对结果产生了不良的影响。
按八种规定的试验项目相对于配方1所示的市售漂清助剂评价配方9所示的本发明。在相同或更低浓度的每个项目中,塑料餐具上的干燥结果已有明显的改善。当用市售产品时,塑料餐具上留下大的残余漂清水滴,从而干燥时间就太长。当用本发明时,铺展后塑料餐具仅有非常小残余漂清水滴。干燥时间大大缩短,这些结果认为是可接受的。
表8
ppm | 0 | 10 | 20 | 30 | 40 | 50 | 60 | 70 | 80 | 90 | 100 | 110 | 120 | 130 | 140 | 150 | 175 | 200 | 225 |
聚碳酸酯瓷砖 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | |||
聚碳酸酯碗 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | |||
大玻璃杯 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | |||
瓷板 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | |||
密胺板 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | |||
聚丙烯板 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | |||
聚丙烯杯 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | |||
Dnx杯 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | |||
Dnx碗 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | |||
聚丙烯罐 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
Poly Tray | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | |||
聚磺酸酯盘 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | |||
聚磺酸酯匙 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | |||
不锈钢刀 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | |||||
温度(°F) | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 |
表9
ppm | 0 | 10 | 20 | 30 | 40 | 50 | 60 | 7D | 80 | 90 | 100 | 110 | 120 | 130 | 140 | 150 | 175 | 200 | 225 |
聚碳酸酯瓷砖 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | |||
聚碳酸酯碗 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | |||
大玻璃杯 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | |||
瓷板 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | |||
密胺板 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
聚丙烯板 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | |||
聚丙烯杯 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | |||
Dnx杯 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | |||
Dnx碗 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | |||
聚丙烯罐 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | |||
Poly Tray | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | |||
聚磺酸酯盘 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | |||
聚磺酸酯匙 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | |||
不锈钢刀 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | |||
温度(°F) | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 16D | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 |
表10
ppm | 0 | 10 | 20 | 30 | 40 | 50 | 60 | 70 | 80 | 90 | 100 | 110 | 120 | 130 | 140 | 150 | 175 | 200 | 225 |
聚碳酸酯瓷砖 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
聚碳酸酯碗 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
大玻璃杯 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
瓷板 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
密胺板 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
聚丙烯板 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
聚丙烯杯 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | |||
Dnx杯 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | |||
Dnx碗 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | |||
聚丙烯罐 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
Poly Tray | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | |||
聚磺酸酯盘 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||||
聚磺酸酯匙 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
不锈钢刀 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
温度(°F) | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 |
表11
ppm | 0 | 10 | 20 | 30 | 40 | 50 | 60 | 70 | 80 | 90 | 100 | 110 | 120 | 130 | 140 | 150 | 175 | 200 | 225 |
聚碳酸酯瓷砖 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | |||
聚碳酸酯碗 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
大玻璃杯 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | |||
瓷板 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | |||
密胺板 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | |||
聚丙烯板 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
聚丙烯杯 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | |||
Dnx杯 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | |||
Dnx碗 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | |||
聚丙烯罐 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
Poly Tray | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | |||
聚磺酸酯盘 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
聚磺酸酯匙 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
不锈钢刀 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | |||
温度(°F) | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 |
表12
ppm | 0 | 10 | 20 | 30 | 40 | 50 | 60 | 70 | 80 | 90 | 100 | 110 | 120 | 130 | 140 | 150 | 175 | 200 | 225 |
聚碳酸酯瓷砖 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | |||
聚碳酸酯碗 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | |||
大玻璃杯 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | |||
瓷板 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | |||
密胺板 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | |||
聚丙烯板 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | |||
聚丙烯杯 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | |||
Dnx杯 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | |||
Dnx碗 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | |||
聚丙烯罐 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | |||
Poly Tray | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | |||
聚磺酸酯盘 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | |||
聚磺酸酯匙 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
不锈钢刀 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | |||
温度(°F) | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 |
表13
ppm | 0 | 10 | 20 | 30 | 40 | 50 | 60 | 70 | 80 | 90 | 100 | 110 | 120 | 130 | 140 | 150 | 175 | 200 | 225 |
聚碳酸酯瓷砖 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | |||
聚碳酸酯碗 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | |||
大玻璃杯 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | |||
瓷板 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
密胺板 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | |||
聚丙烯板 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | |||
聚丙烯杯 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | |||
Dnx杯 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | |||
Dnx碗 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | |||
聚丙烯罐 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | |||
Poly Tray | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | |||
聚磺酸酯盘 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | |||
聚磺酸酯匙 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
不锈钢刀 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | |||
温度(°F) | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 |
表14
ppm | 0 | 10 | 20 | 30 | 40 | 50 | 60 | 70 | 80 | 90 | 100 | 110 | 120 | 130 | 140 | 150 | 175 | 200 | 225 |
聚碳酸酯瓷砖 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
聚碳酸酯碗 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
大玻璃杯 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
瓷板 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
密胺板 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
聚丙烯板 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
聚丙烯杯 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
Dnx杯 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
Dnx碗 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
聚丙烯罐 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
Poly Tray | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
聚磺酸酯盘 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
聚磺酸酯匙 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
不锈钢刀 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
温度(°F) | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 |
表15
ppm | 0 | 10 | 20 | 30 | 40 | 50 | 60 | 70 | 80 | 90 | 100 | 110 | 120 | 130 | 140 | 150 | 175 | 200 | 225 |
聚碳酸酯瓷砖 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
聚碳酸酯碗 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
大玻璃杯 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
瓷板 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
密胺板 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
聚丙烯板 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
聚丙烯杯 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
Dnx杯 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
Dnx碗 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
聚丙烯罐 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
Poly Tray | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
聚磺酸酯盘 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
聚磺酸酯匙 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
不锈钢刀 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
温度(°F) | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 |
表16
ppm | 0 | 10 | 20 | 30 | 40 | 50 | 60 | 70 | 80 | 90 | 100 | 110 | 120 | 130 | 140 | 150 | 175 | 200 | 225 |
聚碳酸酯瓷砖 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||
聚碳酸酯碗 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||
大玻璃杯 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||
瓷板 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||
密胺板 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||
聚丙烯板 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||
聚丙烯杯 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||
Dnx杯 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||
Dnx碗 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||
聚丙烯罐 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||
Poly Tray | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||
聚磺酸酯盘 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||
聚磺酸酯匙 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||
不锈钢刀 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||
温度(°F) | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 |
表17
ppm | 0 | 10 | 20 | 0 | 40 | 50 | 60 | 70 | 80 | 90 | 100 | 110 | 120 | 130 | 140 | 150 | 175 | 200 | 225 |
聚碳酸酯瓷砖 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
聚碳酸酯碗 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
大玻璃杯 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||
瓷板 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | |||
密胺板 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | |||
聚丙烯板 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | |||
聚丙烯杯 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | |||
Dnx杯 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | |||
Dnx碗 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | |||
聚丙烯罐 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | |||
Poly Tray | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | |||
聚磺酸酯盘 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
聚磺酸酯匙 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
不锈钢刀 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | |||
温度(°F) | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 |
实施例IV
按如下配方配制组合物,并进行评价。所有添加剂的使用浓度与活性剂相同。
项目 | 原材料 | 配方编号(%) | ||||
18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | ||
1 | PO为端基的EO/PO嵌段共聚物(32%EO) | 19.744 | 19.744 | 19.744 | 19.744 | 19.744 |
2 | PO为端基的EO/PO嵌段共聚物(39%EO | 53.300 | 53.309 | 53.309 | 53.309 | 53.309 |
3 | SILWET L-720(50%) | 2.626 | ||||
4 | SILWET L-7001(75%) | 1.751 | ||||
5 | SILWET L-7200(100%) | 1.313 | ||||
6 | SILWET L-7230(100%) | 1.313 | ||||
7 | SILWET L-7602(100%) | 1.313 | ||||
8 | 惰性物质(到100%) | |||||
1 | PO为端基的EO/PO嵌段共聚物(32%EO) | 23 | 24 | |||
2 | PO为端基的EO/PO嵌段共聚物(39%EO) | 19.744 | 19.744 | |||
3 | SILWET L-7604(100%) | 53.309 | 53.309 | |||
4 | SILWET L-7622(100%) | 1.313 | ||||
8 | 惰性物质(到100%) | 1.313 |
表18
ppm | 0 | 10 | 20 | 30 | 40 | 50 | 60 | 70 | 80 | 90 | 100 |
聚碳酸酯瓷砖 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | ||
聚碳酸酯碗 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||
大玻璃杯 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 | ||
瓷板 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | ||
密胺板 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||
聚丙烯板 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||
聚丙烯杯 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | ||
Dnx杯 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | ||
Dnx碗 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | ||
聚丙烯罐 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||
Poly Tray(Cambro) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | ||
聚磺酸酯盘 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | ||
聚磺酸酯匙 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | ||
不锈钢刀 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | ||
温度(°F) | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 |
表19
ppm | 0 | 10 | 20 | 30 | 40 | 50 | 60 | 70 | 80 | 90 | 100 |
聚碳酸酯瓷砖 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |
聚碳酸酯碗 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | |
大玻璃杯 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 | |
瓷板 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | |
密胺板 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | |
聚丙烯板 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | |
聚丙烯杯 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | |
Dnx杯 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | |
Dnx碗 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | |
聚丙烯罐 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |
PolyTray(Cambro) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | |
聚磺酸酯盘 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | |
聚磺酸酯匙 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | |
不锈钢刀 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 2 | |
温度(°F) | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 |
表20
ppm | 0 | 10 | 20 | 30 | 40 | 50 | 60 | 70 | 80 | 90 | 100 |
聚碳酸酯瓷砖 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |
聚碳酸酯碗 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |
大玻璃杯 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 2 | |
瓷板 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | |
密胺板 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | |
聚丙烯板 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | |
聚丙烯杯 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | |
Dnx杯 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | |
Dnx碗 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | |
聚丙烯罐 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |
Poly Tray(Cambro) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |
聚磺酸酯盘 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 | |
聚磺酸酯匙 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | |
不锈钢刀 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 2 | |
温度(°F) | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 |
表21
ppm | 0 | 10 | 20 | 30 | 40 | 50 | 60 | 70 | 80 | 90 | 100 |
聚碳酸酯瓷砖 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | |
聚碳酸酯碗 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |
大玻璃杯 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | |
瓷板 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | |
密胺板 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | |
聚丙烯板 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | |
聚丙烯杯 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | |
Dnx杯 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | |
Dnx碗 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | |
聚丙烯罐 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |
Poly Tray(Cambro) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |
聚磺酸酯盘 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | |
聚磺酸酯匙 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |
不锈钢刀 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | |
温度(°F) | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 |
表22
ppm | 0 | 10 | 20 | 30 | 40 | 50 | 60 | 70 | 80 | 90 | 100 |
聚碳酸酯瓷砖 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |
聚碳酸酯碗 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | |
大玻璃杯 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | |
瓷板 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | |
密胺板 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | |
聚丙烯板 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | |
聚丙烯杯 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | |
Dnx杯 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | |
Dnx碗 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | |
聚丙烯罐 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |
Poly Tray(Cambro) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | |
聚磺酸酯盘 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | |
聚磺酸酯匙 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | |
不锈钢刀 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | |
温度(°F) | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 |
表23
ppm | 0 | 10 | 20 | 30 | 40 | 50 | 60 | 70 | 80 | 90 | 100 |
聚碳酸酯瓷砖 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 2 | |
聚碳酸酯碗 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | |
大玻璃杯 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | |
瓷板 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | |
密胺板 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | |
聚丙烯板 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | |
聚丙烯杯 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | |
Dnx杯 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | |
Dnx碗 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | |
聚丙烯罐 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |
Poly Tray(Cambro) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | |
聚磺酸酯盘 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | |
聚磺酸酯匙 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | |
不锈钢刀 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | |
温度(°F) | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 |
表24
ppm | 0 | 10 | 20 | 30 | 40 | 50 | 60 | 70 | 80 | 90 | 100 |
聚碳酸酯瓷砖 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | |
聚碳酸酯碗 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | |
大玻璃杯 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 2 | |
瓷板 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | |
密胺板 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | |
聚丙烯板 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | |
聚丙烯杯 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | |
Dnx杯 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | |
Dnx碗 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | |
聚丙烯罐 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | |
Poly Tray(Cambro) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | |
聚磺酸酯盘 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | |
聚磺酸酯匙 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | |
不锈钢刀 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | |
温度(°F) | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 160 |
表25非离子聚二甲基硅氧烷聚合物的特性和试验结果。
*塑料底物开始完全铺展所需的漂清助剂浓度。
产品 | 比率(EO/PO) | 端基 | 分子量 | ppm |
Silwet L-77 | ALL EO | Me | 600 | 60* |
Silwet L-720 | 50/50 | Bu | 12000 | 50* |
Silwet L-7001 | 40/60 | Me | 20000 | 70* |
Silwet L-7200 | 75/25 | H | 19000 | 60* |
Silwet L-7230 | 40/60 | H | 29000 | 60* |
Silwet L-7602 | ALL EO | Me | 3000 | 70* |
Silwet L-7604 | ALL EO | H | 4000 | 80* |
Silwet L-7622 | ALL EO | Me | 10000 | 90* |
ABIL-B-8878 | ALL EO | H | 600 | 60* |
ABIL-B-8847 | 80/20 | H | 800 | 60* |
ABIL-B-8842 | 60/40 | H | 950 | 50* |
表26
塑料漂清添加剂铺展试验所用的碟具底物的索引
缩写标题 | 器皿的类型 |
PC瓷砖 | 聚碳酸酯瓷砖 |
PC碗 | 聚碳酸酯碗 |
玻璃 | 大玻璃杯 |
瓷板 | 瓷板 |
Mel板 | 密胺板 |
P3板 | 聚丙烯板 |
P3杯 | 聚丙烯杯 |
Dnx杯 | 填充聚丙烯杯 |
Dnx碗 | 填充聚丙烯碗 |
P3罐 | 聚丙烯罐 |
Poly Try | 聚酯树脂盘 |
PS(盘) | 聚砜盘 |
PS匙 | 聚砜匙 |
SS刀 | 不锈钢刀 |
Claims (19)
3.如权利要求1所述的组合物,其特征在于R是-(CH2)3-O-(EO)x-(PO)y-Z,式中Z是氢、甲基或丁基,EO与PO的重量百分比为100∶0到40∶60。
4.如权利要求3所述的组合物,其特征在于还含有0.1-10%重量氟化烃类表面活性剂。
5.如权利要求4所述的组合物,其特征在于所述的氟化烃类表面活性剂是乙氧化氟脂族磺酰胺醇、氟脂族聚氧乙烯乙醇、氟脂族烷氧基化物或氟脂族酯。
6.如权利要求5所述的组合物,其特征在于所述的乙氧化氟脂族磺酰胺醇的通式为:
RSO2N(C2H5)(CH2CH2O)xH式中R为CnF2n+1,其中n为6-10,x为10-20。
7.如权利要求1所述的组合物,其特征在于所述的非离子表面活性剂含有2-90%重量一种或多种非离子型表面活性剂,所述的组合物还含有1-20%重量水溶助长剂。
8.如权利要求7所述的组合物,其特征在于R是-(CH2)3-O-(EO)x-(PO)y-Z,式中Z是氢、甲基或丁基,EO与PO的重量百分比为100∶0到40∶60。
9.如权利要求8所述的组合物,其特征在于它还含有0.1-10%重量乙氧化氟脂族磺酰胺醇。
10.如权利要求1所述的组合物,其特征在于所述的非离子表面活性剂包括分子量≥5000、用1%重量水溶液测量的浊点大于50℃的环氧乙烷和环氧丙烷非离子型嵌段共聚物;所述非离子表面活性剂的浓度为5-40%重量;所述的组合物还含有0.2-25%重量食品添加剂消泡剂组合物。
11.如权利要求10所述的组合物,其特征在于R是-(CH2)3-O-(EO)x-(PO)y-Z,式中Z是氢、甲基或丁基,EO与PO的重量百分比为100∶0到40∶60。
12.如权利要求11所述的组合物,其特征在于它还含有0.1-10%重量乙氧化氟脂族磺酰胺醇。
13.如权利要求1所述的组合物,其特征在于该组合物还包括:
(a)5-50%重量脱水山梨醇脂肪酸酯,每摩尔脱水山梨醇含15摩尔以上环氧烷烃;
(b)0.2-25%重量消泡剂组分,其选自脂肪酸的碱金属或碱土金属盐、(聚)硅氧烷、甘油的脂肪酸酯及其混合物。
14.如权利要求13所述的组合物,其特征在于R是-(CH2)3-O-(EO)x-(PO)y-Z,式中Z是氢、甲基或丁基,EO与PO的重量百分比为100∶0到40∶60。
15.如权利要求14所述的组合物,其特征在于它还含有0.1-10%重量乙氧化氟脂族磺酰胺醇。
16.如权利要求1所述的组合物,其特征在于所述的非离子表面活性剂含有2-90%重量一种或多种非离子型表面活性剂;该组合物还含有:
(a)1-20%重量水溶助长剂;
(b)0.1-10%重量有如下通式的乙氧化氟脂族磺酰胺醇:
RSO2N(C2H5)(CH2CH2O)xH式中R为CnF2n+1,其中n为6-10,x为10-20。
18.如权利要求17所述的方法,其特征在于R是-(CH2)3-O-(EO)x-(PO)y-Z,式中Z是氢、甲基或丁基,EO与PO的重量百分比为100∶0到40∶60。
19.如权利要求18所述的方法,其特征在于它还含有0.01-10ppm乙氧化氟脂族磺酰胺醇。
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US08/304,571 US5603776A (en) | 1994-09-12 | 1994-09-12 | Method for cleaning plasticware |
US08/304,571 | 1994-09-12 | ||
US39053295A | 1995-02-16 | 1995-02-16 | |
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CN1151175A CN1151175A (zh) | 1997-06-04 |
CN1083483C true CN1083483C (zh) | 2002-04-24 |
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CN95193761A Expired - Lifetime CN1083483C (zh) | 1994-09-12 | 1995-05-08 | 用于塑料器皿的漂清助剂 |
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US (2) | US5880089A (zh) |
EP (1) | EP0781322B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP3579058B2 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN1083483C (zh) |
AU (1) | AU690687B2 (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2198004C (zh) |
DE (1) | DE69503382T2 (zh) |
ES (1) | ES2122601T3 (zh) |
MX (1) | MX9701882A (zh) |
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US5714453A (en) * | 1996-04-01 | 1998-02-03 | S. C. Johnson & Son, Inc. | Alkaline cleaning formulation containing a hydrolyzed silane and method of applying the same |
-
1995
- 1995-05-08 JP JP51016296A patent/JP3579058B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-05-08 EP EP95918431A patent/EP0781322B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-05-08 CA CA002198004A patent/CA2198004C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-05-08 AU AU24378/95A patent/AU690687B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1995-05-08 CN CN95193761A patent/CN1083483C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-05-08 ES ES95918431T patent/ES2122601T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-05-08 WO PCT/US1995/005813 patent/WO1996008553A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1995-05-08 NZ NZ285317A patent/NZ285317A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1995-05-08 MX MX9701882A patent/MX9701882A/es unknown
- 1995-05-08 DE DE69503382T patent/DE69503382T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1997
- 1997-04-29 US US08/841,198 patent/US5880089A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-04-29 US US08/841,110 patent/US5880088A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4167488A (en) * | 1977-08-31 | 1979-09-11 | The Drackett Company | Hard surface cleaning compositions |
US4511489A (en) * | 1983-06-01 | 1985-04-16 | The Drackett Company | Composition for cleaning and imparting antistatic properties to plastics surfaces |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
MX9701882A (es) | 1997-06-28 |
DE69503382T2 (de) | 1999-03-25 |
JP3579058B2 (ja) | 2004-10-20 |
JPH10505628A (ja) | 1998-06-02 |
AU2437895A (en) | 1996-03-29 |
CN1151175A (zh) | 1997-06-04 |
US5880089A (en) | 1999-03-09 |
US5880088A (en) | 1999-03-09 |
ES2122601T3 (es) | 1998-12-16 |
EP0781322B1 (en) | 1998-07-08 |
NZ285317A (en) | 1998-05-27 |
EP0781322A1 (en) | 1997-07-02 |
CA2198004A1 (en) | 1996-03-21 |
DE69503382D1 (de) | 1998-08-13 |
WO1996008553A1 (en) | 1996-03-21 |
CA2198004C (en) | 2005-07-05 |
AU690687B2 (en) | 1998-04-30 |
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