CN1086006C - 具有改进剥离强度的非织造层压制品和以该层压制品为组件的制品 - Google Patents

具有改进剥离强度的非织造层压制品和以该层压制品为组件的制品 Download PDF

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CN1086006C
CN1086006C CN96199975A CN96199975A CN1086006C CN 1086006 C CN1086006 C CN 1086006C CN 96199975 A CN96199975 A CN 96199975A CN 96199975 A CN96199975 A CN 96199975A CN 1086006 C CN1086006 C CN 1086006C
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laminated product
density
cortex
peel strength
layer
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CN1209179A (zh
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T·J·斯托克斯
K·L·恩格利斯
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Kimberly Clark Worldwide Inc
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Kimberly Clark Worldwide Inc
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    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F8/00—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F8/04—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers
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Abstract

具有改进的剥离强度的非织造层压制品，系由各热塑性塑料层经点粘合而成，其中的一层包含皮层/芯层双组分纤维或长丝，芯层组分的密度大于皮层组分的密度，两层都含有相容的组分。所制得的层压制品的剥离强度是没有这样的双组分纤维或长丝所制得的层压制品的剥离强度的至少125%左右。具有薄膜及其它非织造物的层压制品还具有宽阔的粘合视窗。它们可用于包括作为遮挡物如健康保护用的外科长外衣和隔帘，实验服，农用织物，娱乐用织物(recreational fabrics)及个人保护用品的组件。

Description

具有改进剥离强度的非织造层压制品和以该层压制品为组件的制品
本申请系1995年1月27日提交的申请号为08/379373的共同待决申请的部分继续申请，上述申请又是1994年2月25日提交的申请号为08/201582的部分继续申请，该申请现为1995年6月13日颁布的美国专利No.5424115。
                       发明背景
非织造织物及其制造已是全面研制的对象，结果形成适于广范围应用的各种材料。例如，轻质和松散结构非织造物被用于个人保护物品像能使皮肤保持干接触的一次性尿布的内衬物，但是该内衬物能迅速地使液体流入到吸收性更好的材料中，而吸收性更好的材料还可以是不同组成和/或不同结构的非织造物。重质的非织造物可被设计成带有孔的结构以便使它们适用于过滤、吸收和作遮挡层，例如消毒物品的包裹物，擦布或用作医疗、卫生或工业用的防护服。已研制成的更重质的非织造物甚至可用于娱乐、农业和建筑的应用。这些仅仅是几个例子，实际上各类非织造物的用途的例子是无限的，它们的用途对那些本领域中的技术人员来说是可知的，它们还考虑着不断发现新的非织造物及其用途。另外，已研制出不同的方法和设备，用以制取具有所希望结构和组成的非织造物以适应上述的用途。这样方法的例子包括纺粘、熔喷、梳理及其它，这些将在下面详述。制取非织造物的方法之一是共轭或双组分纺丝。本发明对双组分皮层/芯层非织造物具有普遍的适用性，这对于本领域的技术人员来说是明白的。本发明并不限于涉及特定的非织造物的参考文献与实施例，这些参考文献与实施例仅仅是为了说明本发明而被提供的。
有效地生产具有所想望的全部性能的非织造物常常是不可能的，而常常必须将非织造物同一层或多层具有相同或不同的结构或组成的组分层相结合。其例子包括其它能改善遮挡性和强度性能的非织造物或薄膜。上述层压制品的成功常常取决于提供强力的层间粘合或剥离强度以防止无意识分离成为各组分层的能力。由于商品化和功能性方面的原因，接合的形式是重要的。各种方法如加热、热压、加压、加胶粘剂和机械加工手段如卷取等已被采用。大多数采用加热和加压相结合的方法，如热辊压能达到功效的最佳结合。然而对于某些用途来说，通过热压而改进这样的层压制品中的剥离强度是所希望的。
                      发明概述
本发明是直接针对层压制品的，其中至少一层包括皮层/芯层双组分的纤维或长丝，芯层组分的密度要比皮层组分的密度高。此层压制品的剥离强度与采用相同或相似的组成的单组分纤维或长丝，或皮层/芯层采用无密度差异的多组分纤维或长丝，在相同的粘合条件下所制得的层压制品相比至少为125％。与皮层/芯层双组分层相粘合的层压制品的一层或两层包括含可与皮层组分相容的聚合物之薄膜和非织造物。优选的实施方案包括那些剥离强度更高至少是180％左右和实际超过110克，皮层组分是聚烯烃和芯层组分是聚烯烃、聚酰胺或聚酯的层压制品。另外的优选实施方案包括那些被粘合层是薄膜的层压制品。该薄膜包括由Montell公司生产的牌号为Cattaloy的多相烯烃聚合物之组合物。这些层压制品可用于服装、防传染病制品、防护遮布、室外用织物、个人保护用品、保健用品、以及由于提高了剥离强度而改善功能性，这些层压制品现已应用在其它领域中。本发明的层压制品有其特有的优点，这是由于在较低的粘合温度下可以获得高剥离强度，因而可保持所要求的薄膜性能。有时通过降低层压制品的重量，可以获得较大的经济利益，而其剥离强度与现有高重量的层压制品大体相当。
                      附图简述
附图是表示根据本发明而得的剥离强度性能条状图形。
                      发明详述定义
此处所用的术语“非织造织物或网状物”意指一种具有被交叉铺设的各别的纤维或细丝结构，但不象针织物那样具有规则的或相同的方式的网状物。非织造织物或网是由许多方法例如熔喷法、纺粘法及粘合梳结网状法而形成的。非织造织物的基重通常以材料的每平方码的盎司(osy)或每平方米的克重(gsm)来表示，纤维的直径常以微米表示。(osy换算为gsm，系osy乘以33.91)。
此处所用的术语“微纤维”意指平均直径不大于75微米左右的细直径纤维，如平均直径0.5～50微米左右的，尤其是平均直径2～40微米左右的微细纤维。纤维直径的另一常用表示法是旦，旦的定义是每9000米纤维的克重，其纤维直径的计算方法是：微米平方乘以密度(g/cc)，再乘以0.00707。低旦表示细纤维，高旦表示粗纤维或重纤维。例如，已知聚丙烯纤维的直径为15微米，换算为旦即为直径的平方值乘以0.89g/cc，再乘以0.00707，因此15微米聚丙烯纤维的旦大约是1.42。(152×0.89×0.00707＝1.415)。除美国外，通常用的纤维直径单位是特，其定义是每千米纤维的克重，特是旦的1/9。
此处所用的术语“纺粘纤维”意指的是小直径纤维，它通过从许多细小的通常是圆形的纺丝板毛细孔挤出熔融的塑性材料而形成长丝，然后使被挤出的长丝的直径快速缩小而形成的小直径纤维。参见例如Appel等人的美国专利No.4340563；Dorschner等人的美国专利No.3692618；Matsuki等人的美国专利No.3802817；Kinney的美国专利No.3338992和No.3341394；Harman的美国专利No.3502763；Levy的美国专利No.3502538；Dobo等人的美国专利No.3542615。纺粘纤维当被放置在集料台面上时一般不发粘。纺粘纤维被急冷后一般为连续不断的长丝，其平均直径大于7微米，更优选为约10～20微米。
此处所用的术语“熔喷纤维”指的是如下的纤维。此纤维是由一种熔融的热塑性材料通过许多细小的通常是圆形的模具毛细孔挤出形成熔融丝束或长丝，再进入汇聚的高速气流(如空气)中使熔融的热塑性材料长丝变细，以减小它们的直径达到微纤维所要求的直径为止。然后，这种熔喷纤维由高速气流携带并被放置在集料台面上，从而形成无序分布的熔喷纤维的网状物。这样的方法是被公开在，例如，Butin的美国专利No.3849241中。熔喷纤维为连续或不连续的微纤维，其直径一般小于10微米，当被放置在集料台面上时通常是发粘的。
此处所用的术语“聚合物”一般包括，但并不限于，均聚物、共聚物，例如嵌段、接枝、无规和交替的共聚物、三元共聚物等，以及它们的掺合物与改性物。此外，除非另有特别的限制外，术语“聚合物”应包括材料的所有可能的几何构型。这些构型包括，但并不限于，等规、间规和无规对称构型。
术语“组分”的意思并不排除由一种或多种已加有颜料、抗静电剂、润滑剂、亲水剂等少量添加剂的聚合物制成的纤维。这些添加剂，例如，用于着色的二氧化钛，其用量一般为小于5wt.％，更典型的用量为约2wt.％。
此处所用的术语“共轭纤维”指的是由至少两种的聚合物由各自的挤出机挤出，经并捻在一起而形成的纤维。共轭纤维有时也指多组分或双组分纤维。即使共轭纤维可能是单组分纤维，但其聚合物通常是彼此不同的。聚合物被排列在穿过共轭纤维截面的基本上处于不变位置的区域内，并且沿共轭纤维的长度方向不断地延伸。这样的共轭纤维的构型可以是，例如，皮层/芯层的排列，其中一种聚合物被另一种聚合物所围绕，也可以是边靠边地排列或象“海中之岛”的形式排列。共轭纤维可见Kaneko等人的美国专利No.5108820，Strack等人的美国专利No.5336552，以及Pike等人的美国专利No.5382400。对于双组分纤维而言，其聚合物的比例可为75/25、50/50、25/75或其它所需比例。
此处所用的术语“掺合物”意指两种或两种以上的聚合物的混合物，而术语“合金”意指是次级掺合物，其中的各组分若是未经相容化处理的话是不溶混的。“可溶混性”和“不溶混性”指的是分别具有负值和正值混合自由能的掺合料。“相容化作用”指的是为了获取合金而改进不溶混聚合物的掺合料的界面性质的方法。
此处所用的术语“空气粘合”或“TAB”意指一种粘合非织造的双组分纤维网状物的方法，其中所用空气足以热到使构成网状物的纤维中的一种聚合物熔融并被迫穿过网状物。空气速度为每分钟100～500英尺，保持时间也许仅需6秒钟。聚合物的熔融与再固化就形成粘合。由于空气粘合受易变性的限制，一般考虑采用第二步粘合方法。因TAB需要熔融至少一种组分以达到粘合，所以它被限于含两种组分的网状物如双组分纤维网状物。
此处所用的“超声波焊合”指的是一种成形方法，例如，使织物在超声焊头和砧辊之间穿过以进行焊合。正如Bornslaeger的美国专利No.4374888中所述，这是一种可认为是形成热点粘合的方法。
此处所用的“热点粘合”涉及使被粘合物织物或网状物在热压延辊与砧辊之间通过。压延辊经常但不一定总是都刻有某种图案的，这样整个织物面上就不会完全都粘合。因此，根据功能及美学要求研制了各种各样图案的压延辊。一种图案例如是一种带点图案系Hansen Pennings即“H&P”图案，它具有约30％的粘合面积，大约每平方英寸有200个粘合点，详见Hansen和Pennings的美国专利No.3855046。这种H&P图案具有方形点或针点粘合面，其中每个针点的边长为0.038英寸(0.965mm)，两针点间的间距为0.070英寸(1.778mm)，粘合深度为0.023英寸(0.584mm)。这种图案所形成的粘合面积为29.5％左右。另外的典型点粘合图案是发展了的Hansen和Pennings或“EHP”粘合图案，其粘合面积为15％，方形针点的边长为0.037英寸(0.94mm)，针点间距为0.097英寸(2.464mm)，深度为0.039英寸(0.991mm)。另一种被称为“714”的典型的点粘合图案具有方形针点粘合面，其中每个针点的边长为0.023英寸，两针点间的间距为0.062英寸(1.575mm)，粘合深度为0.033英寸(0.838mm)。这种图案的粘合面积为15％左右。还有另一种常见图案为C-Star图案，其粘合面积为16.9％左右，这种C-Star图案具有横向条纹或象星光那样断断续续的“灯芯绒”图案。另外常见图案包括具有重复和稍微偏置的钻石的钻石图案，以及象窗纱状的金属丝编织式图案，其粘合面积为15％左右，每平方英寸(6.45cm2)约有302个粘合点。一般来说，粘合面积的范围为织物层压网状物面积的10～30％左右。如本技术领域中众所周知的那样，点粘合是通过粘合每层中的长丝和/或纤维，而使每个各别的层层压粘合固定在一起并赋予每个各别的层以整体性。
此处所用的术语“粘合视窗”(bonding window)意指例如压延机等被用来将非织造织物成功地粘合在一起的机器的温度范围。对于聚丙烯纺粘纤维来说，此粘合视窗的一般为270～310°F(132～154℃)左右。低于270°F左右，则聚丙烯未被热至使其熔融和粘合，而高于310°F左右聚丙烯会过度熔融而粘住压延机辊。聚乙烯的粘合视窗甚至更窄。
此处所用的术语“遮挡层织物”的意思是指一种对液体的渗透是相对地不渗透的织物，即一种对血液的穿透率按ASTM测试方法22测试，结果应等于1.0或小于1.0的织物。
此处所用的术语“服装”意指非医务用的可穿戴的任何一类服装。它包括工业生产用工作服和连衣裤工作服、低级服装、短裤、衬衫、夹克衣、手套、短裤等。
此处所用的术语“防传染病用品”意指医务用物品，如外科长外衣和隔帘、面罩、向外膨起象帽子状的头罩、外科帽和罩、象鞋罩状的鞋袜、靴罩和拖鞋、伤口包扎用品、绷带、消毒包裹布、擦布、象实验室外衣样的长外衣、连衣裤工作服、围裙和夹克衣、病人垫褥、担架和摇篮用被单等。
此处所用的术语“个人保护用品”意指尿布、锻炼裤、吸收性内裤、成人失禁用品以及妇女卫生用品。
此处所用的术语“防护盖布”意指运载工具如汽车、卡车、船只、飞机、摩托车、自行车、高尔夫球手推车等用的盖布，户外常用设施如栅栏、停车场，花园设施(割草机、旋转耕耘机等)和草坪家具用盖布以及地毯、桌布和野餐铺地布。
此处所用的术语“室外织物”意指基本上但不仅是只用于室外的织物。室外织物包括防护盖布织物、野营/打猎用织物、防水帆布、遮篷、雨篷、帐篷、农用织物和其它室外穿戴如头罩、工作服和连衣裤工作服、短裤、衬衫、夹克衣、手套、短袜、鞋罩等。
1.根据本发明的一种热点粘合的层压制品，包括第一薄膜层和第二非织造物层，所说的第一薄膜层包含与乙烯相容的聚合物，所说的第二非织造物层包含双组分皮层/芯层纤维或长丝，其中所说的皮层包含具有一种密度的乙烯基聚合物，所说的芯层包含具有一种密度的酰胺基聚合物，所说的芯层的密度大于所说的皮层的密度，其中所说的层压制品的剥离强度至少是在相同粘合条件下当所说的第二非织造物层为无所说的密度差的非织造物时所制得的层压制品的剥离强度的125％。
2.根据本发明的又一种热点粘合的层压制品，包括第一薄膜层和第二非织造物层，第一薄膜层包含与丙烯相容的聚合物，所说的第二非织造物层包含双组分皮层/芯层纤维或长丝，其中所说的皮层包含具有一种密度的丙烯基聚合物，所说的芯层包含具有一种密度的选自酰胺基聚合物、乙烯基聚合物或聚酯的组合物，所说的芯层的密度大于所说的皮层的密度，其中所说的层压制品的剥离强度至少是在相同粘合条件下当所说的第二非织造物为无所说的密度差的非织造物，所制得的层压制品的剥离强度的125％。测试方法
剥离强度测试是测定将层压制品的层撕开的拉力值。剥离强度值系采用规定宽度的织物，通常是4英寸(102mm)，夹住其宽度并以恒定的速度拉伸而得到的。试件的薄膜侧面覆以掩隔条或其它适合材料，以避免测试时薄膜裂开。掩隔条只是层压制品的一个侧面有，这样做不致于影响试件的剥离强度。试件需用手以足够的力分离成层直至要夹住的位置。试件例如用Instro Model TM夹具夹牢，此夹具可从InstronCorporation，2500 Washington St.，Canton，MA 02021得到；或者采用Thwing-Albert Model INTELLECT II夹具，它可由Thwing-Albert Instrument Co.，10960 Dutton Rd.，Philadelphia，PA 19154提供；夹具的长度至少为4英寸(102mm)。然后将试件以180°、每分钟300mm(约12英寸)的速度拉开。抗拉强度以克数记录，根据所形成的曲线取平均值。
水头：织物对液体阻隔性能的测定方法是水头测试。水压测试测定液体以预定的量穿过织物前织物所支承的水柱压力(以毫巴计)。具有高水头读数的织物表明，它比具有低水头的织物对液体渗透的阻隔性要好。这种水头测试系按联邦测试标准No.191A中的方法5514，亦可按AATC方法127-1988和INDA测试方法80.4-92进行。
                     实施例
以下通过本领域技术熟练人员所理解的各实施例对本发明进行说明，这些实施例仅仅是代表性的而并不想被用来限制如 中所定义的本发明。权利要求书还包括其它的实施例，而这些实施例被包括在广范围的本发明之内。
还可以使用聚合物掺合物作为组分和含有与一种或二种的被用来生产本发明的非织造物的聚合物组分相掺合的其它材料，如碳氟化学剂可以提高化学相斥性，这点可见美国专利No.5178931；为提高润湿性的添加剂，提高耐火性的耐火剂和/或为使每层具有相同或不同颜色的颜料，这些可见美国专利No.5057361。纺粘法和熔喷法热塑性聚合物用的耐火剂和颜料在本领域中是熟知的，它们系内用添加剂。若用颜料的话，其一般用量为小于层重量的5％，而且还可加入其它材料，但累计量应小于25wt.％。
在“粘合视窗”或温度范围和压力条件下，产生有效的粘合对达到本发明改进制品的目的是很重要的。对于一般聚合物之组合物的粘合视窗人们是熟悉的，并可通过对试样在不同的温度和压力条件下的系列剥离测试来确定。根据本发明，在粘合视窗的范围内能获得高剥离强度的制品，在较宽的温度范围内有效粘合也是能够达到的。
基重也是一个重要的因素，本领域中的技术人员对此也是了解的。例如，超重如在150g/m2以上的非织造物的热压就非常困难，与很重的如厚度超过了密耳(mils)的薄膜的粘合也同样非常困难，这是由于不能达到均匀的热传递效率之故。总之，要获得本发明的最佳益处，最好非织造物的基重范围在10～150g/m2左右，优选的是15～100g/m2左右；薄膜的厚度为0.1～3mils左右，优选的是0.3～1.0mils左右。对特定的一套粘合条件来说，基重还影响着层压制品的剥离强度。基重愈大通常需要愈高的粘合温度和/或愈低的速度。例如，1 osy(34g/m2)或更高基重的非织造物组分，所需的温度经常会给层压制品的薄膜组分带来有害影响。由于在较低的粘合温度下能获得高的剥离强度，因此本发明的特点是可以避免这种影响的。
尽管本发明的机理并不能被确定并因此本发明也不受其所限制，但据认为，将双组分纤维的高密度芯层局限在皮层中的粘合能内，就可提高粘合效率。密度差的大小并不是关键性的，但是为了得到最好的结果，该差值应至少为0.04g/cc左右，优选为在约0.02g/cc以上，总之，在此范围内，差值越大改进的程度就越高。
在本发明中所使用的非织造的皮层/芯层双组分非织造物，优选是根据美国专利No.5424115形成的，此处编入该专利的全文作参考。聚合物的挤出采用通常为大家所知的皮层/芯层双组分纺丝装置，制成连续的具有高密度组分芯层的双组分皮层/芯层长丝。这些长丝被置于以一定速度移动的多孔金属网上或成形表面上，使其基重达到所需的要求。然后将网状物直接送入热粘合压延机的两辊隙中粘合并压有所需图案。就下述的实施例而言，采用如美国专利No.5424115的实施例1～3所述中的设备和加工条件，以形成包括下面对照例#1的皮层/芯层双组分纤维纺粘非织造物，在对照例#1中相同的聚丙烯被供入到二台挤出机中以形成单组分纤维纺粘非织造物。也采用同样的粘合图案和粘合条件。除非另有指明者外，否则生产出来的所有的非织造物其基重均为1 osy(34g/m2)。对照例#1
采用的方法和设备如上提及的美国专利No.5424115中所述，基重为1 osy(34g/m2)的非织造纺粘织物系由在双组分纤维的皮层和芯层中均使用密度为0.91的聚丙烯(PD3445，由Exxon提供)制成的。对照例#2
重复对照例#1，但在皮层中使用密度为0.94的线型低密度聚乙烯(6811A，由Dow提供)；在芯层中使用同样的聚丙烯。
实施例#1～4
使用与对照例相同的方法与设备，但皮层/芯层双组分纺粘非织造物系由下列聚合物的组合制成：聚丙烯(PD3445，由Exxon提供)，密度0.91的皮层/尼龙6(401D，由Custon Resin提供)，密度1.14的芯层-实施例#1；线型低密度聚乙烯(6811A，由Dow提供)，密度0.94的皮层/尼龙6(401D，由Custon Resin提供)，密度1.14的芯层-实施例#2；聚丙烯(PD3445，由Exxon提供)，密度0.91的皮层/线型低密度聚乙烯(6811A，由Dow提供)，密度0.94的芯层-实施例#3；以及聚丙烯(PD3445，由Exxon提供)，密度0.91的皮层/聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯共聚物(Vitel 4400，由Shell提供)，密度1.36的芯层-实施例#4。除聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯外，各聚合物均含有2％的二氧化钛。除实施例#3外，皮层/芯层的重量比为50∶50。实施例#3系65％皮层和35％芯层。除实施例#1外，各网状物用同样的H-P图案通过热压粘合，形成点粘合图案，每平方英寸(6.45cm2)有310个均匀间隔的粘合点，以及15％的粘合面积，辊隙压力为每线英寸约87磅(15.55kg/线cm)。实施例#1系采用丝网形图案，每平方英寸有302个(约每平方厘米47个)粘合点，以及15％的粘合面积。粘合时的温度和压力条件是变化的，因而可从观察制成的网状物以确定有效的粘合视窗。层压制品
将每一种的上述确定的各对照例和实施例中的织物层压到由60％重量的碳酸钙、20％重量的被称为Catalloy  X11395-5-1的Catalloy多相烯烃聚合物的组合物、16％的由Shell生产的无规丙烯/乙烯共聚物(5.5％乙烯)以及4％的线型低密度聚乙烯(Dow 6401)组成的组合物的吹塑薄膜上。薄膜经单向拉伸至基重为0.5 osy(17g/m2)。层压设备采用如上所说的具有“H-P”图案的加热压延机。图案压辊的温度定在250°F(121℃)，砧辊温度定在165°F(74℃)。两辊间的辊隙线压力为87磅/英寸(15.55kg/cm)；线速度约为每分钟40英寸(每分钟12.2米)。这样的条件一般应形成粘合不良的层压制品，但是提高温度和压力常常产生薄膜针孔和降低阻隔性。测定各层压制品的剥离强度，其结果如下。
                表1
                                          与对照例#1相比较试样          结构/组成物           粘合视窗  的剥离强度％(g)对照例#1    聚丙烯/聚丙烯             未用      100(95)对照例#2    线型低密度聚乙烯/聚丙烯    窄       102(97)实施例#1    聚丙烯/尼龙6               宽       183(174)实施例#2    线型低密度聚乙烯/尼龙6     宽       194(184)实施例#3    聚丙烯/线型低密度聚乙烯    宽       156(148)实施例#4    聚丙烯/对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯  宽       180(198)
现参见附图，这些结果在附图中以条形表示。可以看出，本发明的使用具有高密度芯层组分的皮层/芯层双组分非织造物的层压制品，不但为非织造物组分提供更宽容、更广阔的粘合视窗，而且也可大大地提高剥离强度。尽管对照例#2当以非织造物的基重为0.5osy(17g/m2)被重复时，虽然亦显示出剥离强度的提高，但它的粘合视窗孔窄。每一实施例具有为由单组分长丝和用具有各相反密度的长丝所得制品的剥离强度的125％剥离强度。结果为至少150％左右以及可能为180％和更高将是有利的。还可以看出，密度的差值不必太大，据确信根据本发明象0.04g/cc左右这么小的差值是有利的。
水头测试结果表明，根据本发明的产品其以毫巴表示的第一次水头落差的结果和第三次水头落差的结果(在括号内)如下所示：对照例#1：404(破裂)；对照例#2：337(339)；实施例#1：345(398)；实施例#2：403(破裂)；实施例#3：384(422)；
实施例#4：301(305)。
层压制品的其它组件并不限于薄膜，可以相信，对于非织造物和其它可热粘合的片材或网状物的层压制品来说，只要片材与网状物中所含的热塑性组分是与用在非织造物中的双组分纤维的皮层组分是相容的话，从其结果来看，本发明是有益处的。
尽管与其具体的实施方案一起对本发明进行了介绍，但是对本领域的技术人员来说根据以上所述而作出很多的替代、改进和变化是显而易见的。因此，本发明应包括属于权利要求书所确定的本发明范围内的所有的这样的替代、改进和变化。这样的替代、改进和变化包括功能及结构方面的等同物。例如，螺丝和钉子也许是不等同的结构，但在紧固应用中是功能上等同的。

Claims (18)

1.一种层压制品包括与第二热塑性聚合物非织造物层相热粘合的第一热塑性聚合物薄膜或非织造物层，第二热塑性聚合物非织造物层包含皮层/芯层双组分纤维或长丝，其中芯层组分的密度大于皮层组分的密度，所说的第一层薄膜或非织造物包含与所说的皮层组分相容的聚合物，其中所说的层压制品的剥离强度比在相同热粘合条件下由无所说的密度差的作为所说的第二非织造物层的非织造物所制得的层压制品的剥离强度大125％。
2.权利要求1的层压制品，其中所说的第一层为薄膜，所说的剥离强度值至少为150％。
3.权利要求2的层压制品，其中所说的剥离强度值至少为180％。
4.权利要求1的层压制品，其中所说的薄膜包含聚烯烃，而双组分纤维或长丝具有一层选自聚烯烃的皮层和一层选自聚烯烃、聚酰胺或聚酯的芯层。
5.权利要求4的层压制品，其中所说的皮层为聚丙烯，所说的芯层为聚酰胺。
6.权利要求5的层压制品，其中所说的聚酰胺为尼龙6。
7.权利要求4的层压制品，其中所说的皮层为聚丙烯，所说的芯层为聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯。
8.权利要求4的层压制品，其中所说的薄膜包含多相聚烯烃组合物。
9.权利要求5的层压制品，其中所说的薄膜包含多相聚烯烃组合物。
10.权利要求7的层压制品，其中所说的薄膜包含多相聚烯烃组合物。
11.权利要求8的层压制品，其中所说的皮层还包含多相聚烯烃组合物。
12.一种个人保护用品，具有作为组件的权利要求1的层压制品。
13.一种防传染病制品，具有作为组件的权利要求1的层压制品。
14.一种防护遮盖制品，具有作为组件的权利要求1的层压制品。
15.一种服装，具有作为组件的权利要求1的层压制品。
16.一种室外织物，它包含权利要求1的层压制品。
17.一种热点粘合的层压制品，包括第一薄膜层和第二非织造物层，所说的第一薄膜层包含与乙烯相容的聚合物，所说的第二非织造物层包含双组分皮层/芯层纤维或长丝，其中所说的皮层包含具有一种密度的乙烯基聚合物，所说的芯层包含具有一种密度的酰胺基聚合物，所说的芯层的密度大于所说的皮层的密度，其中所说的层压制品的剥离强度至少是在相同粘合条件下当所说的第二非织造物层为无所说的密度差的非织造物时所制得的层压制品的剥离强度的125％。
18.一种热点粘合的层压制品，包括第一薄膜层和第二非织造物层，第一薄膜层包含与丙烯相容的聚合物，所说的第二非织造物层包含双组分皮层/芯层纤维或长丝，其中所说的皮层包含具有一种密度的丙烯基聚合物，所说的芯层包含具有一种密度的选自酰胺基聚合物、乙烯基聚合物或聚酯的组合物，所说的芯层的密度大于所说的皮层的密度，其中所说的层压制品的剥离强度至少是在相同粘合条件下当所说的第二非织造物为无所说的密度差的非织造物，所制得的层压制品的剥离强度的125％。
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CN1209179A (zh) 1999-02-24
AU1411197A (en) 1997-07-17
AU707845B2 (en) 1999-07-22
WO1997023676A2 (en) 1997-07-03
KR100403253B1 (ko) 2003-12-18
CA2238996A1 (en) 1997-07-03
EP0868555B1 (en) 2002-04-03
KR19990076629A (ko) 1999-10-15
DE69620449T2 (de) 2002-11-14
WO1997023676A3 (en) 1997-08-21
DE69620449D1 (de) 2002-05-08
ES2171759T3 (es) 2002-09-16
BR9612144A (pt) 1999-09-28
US5605739A (en) 1997-02-25
EP0868555A2 (en) 1998-10-07

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