CN1089724A - 连接器 - Google Patents

连接器 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1089724A
CN1089724A CN93114863A CN93114863A CN1089724A CN 1089724 A CN1089724 A CN 1089724A CN 93114863 A CN93114863 A CN 93114863A CN 93114863 A CN93114863 A CN 93114863A CN 1089724 A CN1089724 A CN 1089724A
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mentioned
packing ring
sensing element
bolt
connector
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CN93114863A
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CN1053961C (zh
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克里斯朵夫·菲力浦·斯伯林
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Intellectual Property Holdings Pte Ltd
Intellectual Property Holding Co
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Intellectual Property Holdings Pte Ltd
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
    • G01L5/00—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes
    • G01L5/24—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes for determining value of torque or twisting moment for tightening a nut or other member which is similarly stressed
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B31/00—Screwed connections specially modified in view of tensile load; Break-bolts
    • F16B31/02—Screwed connections specially modified in view of tensile load; Break-bolts for indicating the attainment of a particular tensile load or limiting tensile load
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
    • G01L23/00—Devices or apparatus for measuring or indicating or recording rapid changes, such as oscillations, in the pressure of steam, gas, or liquid; Indicators for determining work or energy of steam, internal-combustion, or other fluid-pressure engines from the condition of the working fluid
    • G01L23/08—Devices or apparatus for measuring or indicating or recording rapid changes, such as oscillations, in the pressure of steam, gas, or liquid; Indicators for determining work or energy of steam, internal-combustion, or other fluid-pressure engines from the condition of the working fluid operated electrically
    • G01L23/18—Devices or apparatus for measuring or indicating or recording rapid changes, such as oscillations, in the pressure of steam, gas, or liquid; Indicators for determining work or energy of steam, internal-combustion, or other fluid-pressure engines from the condition of the working fluid operated electrically by resistance strain gauges
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B31/00—Screwed connections specially modified in view of tensile load; Break-bolts
    • F16B31/02—Screwed connections specially modified in view of tensile load; Break-bolts for indicating the attainment of a particular tensile load or limiting tensile load
    • F16B2031/022—Screwed connections specially modified in view of tensile load; Break-bolts for indicating the attainment of a particular tensile load or limiting tensile load using an ultrasonic transducer
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S285/00—Pipe joints or couplings
    • Y10S285/91—Gaskets

Abstract

一种连结器，包括一个第一连结器部件1，具有 一轴孔，以及一个第二连结器部件4，具有一轴孔，与 第一连结器部件上的孔同轴设置。连结器部件1及 2有垫圈7置在其间，作为流体密封。部件由螺栓 10连结。在垫圈内有数个应力或应变感应元件，沿 着整个垫圈周围等距设置，各含有一对夹着应力或应 变感应材料的电极。感应元件有两面，被垫圈的两面 和电极隔开，且经由导线18、19连接至输出装置，以 指示对应于作用在螺栓附近的扭力且施加在各个元 件上的应力或应变。

Description

本发明涉及连结器，特别是指在耦合面间具有垫圈的连结器。
众所周知，垫圈的目的在于密合连结器。虽然有许多密合连结器的方法，但是通常使用垂直于连结器的螺栓施加压力于垫圈上。作用于垫圈上的压力必须大于系统内的压力，否则垫圈将不起作用，且因此无论有没有垫圈都将无法避免漏气。
问题是使用螺栓使得分力作用在垫圈表面上螺栓各个栓紧，无可避免地受施加的扭力影响，很难均匀分布于垫圈上，如此造成在垫圈上所施加的压力不均匀。例如，在连结器周围等距的四个螺栓，上紧一个螺栓不可避免地造成对面螺栓有些变形。如此很难达成力量均匀分布。虽然扭力指示器可用在一栓紧的板手上，但是指示作用之扭力而不是指示在垫圈上的作用力。
本发明的目的是提供一种连结器，至少消除了其中的缺点。
因此，本发明提供一种连结器，包括一个第一连结器部件，具有一轴孔，一个第二连结器部件，具有与上述第一个孔同轴设置的轴孔，一个垫圈，设置于上述部件间，以及数个螺栓，固定上述第一连结器部件于上述第二部件上，上述垫圈置在其间以两面分别与连结器部件相接，其中上述垫圈结合数个应力或应变，基本上等距分布于整个上述垫圈周围的感应元件，每个上述感应元件包括一对电极，具有应力或应变感应材料夹在其间，每个上述感应元件有两个面，分别被上述垫圈的两个面隔开，以及连接每个上述感应元件至输出显示器的装置，以可察觉地指示作用在每个上述感应元件对应于施加在靠近螺栓的扭力的应力或应变。
因此，感应元件不是感应作用于螺栓上的扭力，而是在装配时于垫圈上引出之力。
连结器部件为管状部件，而垫圈为环状。
最好是感应元件包入垫圈内。最好至少提供四个感应元件。
最好是垫圈设有贯穿的孔，从那里延伸耦合配置在上述第一及第二连结器部件上螺栓贯穿的孔。
最好感应元件的个数等于螺栓个数。
典型的应变感应元件为适合埋入应变计中。在本发明中的最佳的构造内，连结器包括数个压电元件，各包含一对具压电材料夹于其间的电极。
在本发明内的一种构造中，数个感应元件环绕整个垫圈设置，如此一条从上述之孔的轴径向向外经过各个螺栓的而画出的线穿过各自的感应元件。
另外，本发明的最佳特征将藉实例参考对应附图来说明，其中：
图1为本发明的连结器构造的纵向剖面视图，其中感应元件为压电元件;
图2为图1连结器的垫圈部位（放大部A）的放大的纵向剖面视图;
图3为图1连结器的垫圈的横向剖面视图（平面B），显示压电元件的位置;
图4、5及图6为与图3不一样的垫圈的横向剖圈，显示不同型的压电元件的位置;以及
图7为根据本发明有连结器垫圈内的压电元件以不同方法设置的纵向剖面图。
参考附图中的图1至3，显示出一个第一管状部件1，具有一内表面2及一外表面3，以及一个第二管状部件4，具有一内表面5及一外表面6。内表面2及5有一个设置在其间作为流体密封的垫圈7。
一组八个贯穿的孔8设置在管状部件1上，同时一组对应的八个贯穿的孔9设置在管状零件4上。穿过各对贯穿的孔8及9为各自的螺旋螺栓10（图1仅显示两个，但通常至少有四个螺栓，如图3所示）。在每个螺栓10的一端为内螺牙螺帽11;在另一端为内螺牙螺帽12。两部件1、4与垫圈环7经由螺帽11、12适当旋紧而相互压密。
参考图2，垫圈7包括垫圈材料13，在约为其厚度一半的平面上有数个压电元件14，各包含有一对电极15及16，其间夹着一压电材料17。
在图3的构造内，总共有八个压电元件（对应每个螺栓）14沿着在两管状部件间的垫圈的周围等距设置。
电极15及16分别连有导线18、19。当经由螺栓施加压力时，压力因此以图2中箭头A、B的方向直接作用在压电元件14的顶面和底面，产生于压电元件中的压力转换成压力波动，因此并在导线18、19中产生输出信号。
如上所述，压电元件14在周围等距设置。例如，图3的构造显示八个压电元件分布于垫圈7周围。
在另一些构造中，如图4、5及6，垫圈具有孔20，设置在耦合于管状部件中的贯穿的孔，如此螺栓10可穿过。位在垫圈内的不同形状的压电元件21，各位于各个孔20附近。
图7显示了另一种与图2不一样的实施例，其中相似的部件以相同的数字表示。在图7的构造中，压电元件包在垫圈体内而未凸出于任一边。

Claims (9)

1、一种连结器，其特征在于，具有一轴孔，一个第二连结器部件，具有一轴孔，与上述第一个孔同轴设置，一个垫圈，设置在上述部件间，及数个螺栓，固定上述第一连结器部件于上述第二部件上，以上述垫圈置在其间，两面分别与连结器部件密接，其中上述垫圈包含有数个应力或应变感应元件，基本上沿着上述整个垫圈周围设置，每个上述感应元件包含一对具有应力或应变感应材料夹在其间的电极，每个上述感应元件有两面，由上述垫圈的两面隔开，以及连接各个上述感应元件至输出显示器的装置，如此提供了相对于作用在螺栓附近的扭力的施加在各个上述元件上的应力或应变的可察觉的指示。
2、如权利要求1所述的连结器，其特征在于，上述感应元件包含在上述垫圈内。
3、如权利要求1或2所述的连结器，其特征在于，上述感应元件包含在上述垫圈内。
4、如权利要求1至3中的任一项所述的连结器，其特征在于，包括至少四个上述感应元件。
5、如权利要求1至4中的任一项所述的连结器，其特征在于，上述垫圈有贯穿的孔，设置在耦合上述第一及第二连结器部件上的上述螺栓。
6、如权利要求1至5中的任一项所述的连结器，其特征在于，上述感应元件数目与上述螺栓个数一样。
7、如权利要求1至6中的任一项所述的连结器，其特征在于，上述数个感应元件沿着上述整个垫圈的周围设置，如此从上述孔的轴向外辐射穿过每个螺栓的线通过各自的感应元件。
8、如权利要求1至7中的任一项所述的连结器，其特征在于，上述感应元件包含有压电元件。
9、如权利要求1至7中的任一项所述的连结器，其特征在于，上述感应元件包含有应变计。
CN93114863A 1992-11-10 1993-11-10 连结器 Expired - Fee Related CN1053961C (zh)

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GB9223481.4 1992-11-10
GB9223481A GB2272524B (en) 1992-11-10 1992-11-10 Joints

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JP (1) JP3289108B2 (zh)
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AT (1) ATE146589T1 (zh)
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CA (1) CA2147463C (zh)
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CN104747719A (zh) * 2015-03-27 2015-07-01 苏州宝骅机械技术有限公司 一种密封面应力可感知的密封组件
CN105466649A (zh) * 2015-12-28 2016-04-06 苏州宝骅机械技术有限公司 一种压紧载荷可检测密封组件及其使用方法
CN110651150A (zh) * 2017-05-24 2020-01-03 株式会社华尔卡 密封件的施工监视装置、施工监视程序、施工监视方法、施工监视系统以及施工实习系统
CN110651150B (zh) * 2017-05-24 2022-01-28 株式会社华尔卡 密封件的施工监视装置、施工监视程序、施工监视方法、施工监视系统以及施工实习系统
CN108469326A (zh) * 2018-02-28 2018-08-31 北京电子工程总体研究所 一种微力螺旋测量装置及系统

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NO951786L (no) 1995-05-08
AU672064B2 (en) 1996-09-19
WO1994011718A1 (en) 1994-05-26
US5529346A (en) 1996-06-25
GB9223481D0 (en) 1992-12-23
EP0670037B1 (en) 1996-12-18
DE69306813D1 (de) 1997-01-30
KR100296945B1 (ko) 2002-05-13
NO951786D0 (no) 1995-05-08
GB2272524A (en) 1994-05-18
CN1053961C (zh) 2000-06-28
NZ257150A (en) 1995-12-21
MY111477A (en) 2000-06-30
JPH08506166A (ja) 1996-07-02
AU5356094A (en) 1994-06-08
GB2272524B (en) 1994-11-09
TW270167B (zh) 1996-02-11
CA2147463C (en) 2004-04-20
EP0670037A1 (en) 1995-09-06
CA2147463A1 (en) 1994-05-26
DE69306813T2 (de) 1997-06-12
IN180486B (zh) 1998-02-07
NO311109B1 (no) 2001-10-08
KR950704674A (ko) 1995-11-20
JP3289108B2 (ja) 2002-06-04
ATE146589T1 (de) 1997-01-15

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