CN1097862C - 合成网络 - Google Patents

合成网络 Download PDF

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CN1097862C
CN1097862C CN95190585A CN95190585A CN1097862C CN 1097862 C CN1097862 C CN 1097862C CN 95190585 A CN95190585 A CN 95190585A CN 95190585 A CN95190585 A CN 95190585A CN 1097862 C CN1097862 C CN 1097862C
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comprise network
center conductor
short column
coaxial cable
network according
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CN1129996A (zh
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莱斯托·皮莱宁
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Nokia Oyj
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01PWAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P1/00Auxiliary devices
    • H01P1/20Frequency-selective devices, e.g. filters
    • H01P1/213Frequency-selective devices, e.g. filters combining or separating two or more different frequencies

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Abstract

本发明涉及一个将无线电发射机(TX)提供的无线电射频信号混合并馈送到公用天线的合成网络,该合成网络包括导体(6)、连接器(5)、和一个匹配短柱(1)。为了使合成网络的调谐更加容易。匹配短柱(1)包括可根据馈送到匹配短柱(1)的控制信号改变合成网络的电长度的装置。

Description

合成网络
本发明涉及一个可将无线电发射机的射频信号混合并送到公用天线中去的合成网络。该合成网络包括导体、连接器和一个匹配短柱。
本发明特别地涉及一个在蜂窝无线通信网络中的基站中的混合滤波器的合成网络。合成滤波器是一个窄带滤波器,它能很精确地同与它相连的发射机的载频相调谐。例如,在一个蜂窝无线通信系统的基站中,从混合器的输出得到的信号被发射天线的合成网络混合,合成网络通常由一根通到基站天线的同轴电缆组成,同轴电缆和混合滤波器通过T型分支管连接。
为了使基站发射机的尽可能多的发射功率送到天线中去(不反射回发射机)。合成网络应与用在基站发射机的频道相调谐。如果同轴电缆的电长度相当于被发射信号的半波长的倍数,合成网络将调谐到最佳状态(谐振状态)。严格地说,合成网络因此而仅仅被调谐在一个频率上,但是,当频率偏离最佳值时,通常失配不会一开始就增加很快。在实际中,合成网络通常最优化地在基站频带中心附近,在这种情况下,即使发射机工作在频带边缘,发射机的发射功率仍被传送到基站天线而没有太大的损失。
然而,实际中,对于基站发射机的频道改变很大而不必调谐合成网络频道的合成网络的可使用频带太窄,因此需要有一个快捷而简单的调谐合成网络的调节装置。
已经知道,为了调谐一个合成网络,现有技术的解决办法是用一个匹配短柱连接到合成网络。上述匹配短柱被连接到合成网络的最后一个T型分支上,与上述匹配短柱相连的连接器在不与该短柱连接时左端开放。匹配短柱包含一个短接螺钉,该螺钉可以短接同轴电缆的外导体和中心导体。短接螺钉的物理位置可以在一定的范围内调节。短接螺钉的位置决定了匹配短柱的电长度,因而,决定了由同轴电缆和导体组成的合成网络,即被调谐的频率。
前述的现有技术的方法的最大缺点是匹配短柱调节起来困难。匹配短柱的手动调节必须借助于移动短路螺钉的位置。这个方法需要一个维修人员亲自到现场,而且还需要花费很多的时间和开支。本发明的目的就是解决前述问题,并提供一个更简便地调谐合成网络的方法。它是通过本发明的一个合成网络实现的,其特征在于:它包含一个带有谐调装置的匹配短柱,该调谐装置可根据馈送到匹配短柱的控制信号改变合成网络的电长度。
本发明基于这样一种想法:当匹配短柱具有一个通过发送到所说的匹配短柱的控制信号来改变合成网络电长度的调谐装置时,合成网络的对于新的频率范围的调谐变得相当简单和迅速。例如,合成网络的调谐可以在维修人员不在场的情况下遥控完成。本发明的合成网络在蜂窝无线通信网络基站中使用特别有优点,该基站可使用自动可调混合滤波器。这种解决办法使基站频道需要改变的服务变得相当容易,快速和简单的可调谐性是本发明的合成网络的最主要的优点。
本发明的合成网络的优先的实施例如下,将参照附图,详细介绍本发明的合成网络的若干优选实施例。在图中:
图1表示基站的合成网络。
图2表示本发明的合成网络的第一优选实施例。
图3表示本发明的合成网络的第二优选实施例,以及
图4表示本发明的合成网络的第三优选实施例。
图1示出了一个合成网络,它可用在象NMT(NordiskMobil Telefon),DCS(Digital Cellular System),或GSM(Group Special Mobile)这样的蜂窝无线通信系统中。
图1的合成网络由同轴电缆6和T型分支5组成。同轴电缆从最上面的T型分支被耦合到基站天线ANT,一个匹配短柱1被连接在最下面的T型分支上。
图1中的基站包括四个无线电发射机TX。这些发射机TX提供的射频信号通过环行器3和窄带混合滤波器4被引导,由T型分支5送到合成网络中去。为了使基站发射机的发射功率尽可能多地被送到天线,而没有在失谐点的反射,合成网络的电缆6的电长度必须是被发射信号的载波波长的一半。这样,合成网络被完全调谐在仅仅一个频率上(谐振),但是当频率变化偏离最佳点时,失谐通常不会在一开始就增加很快。
图1的混合滤波器4是可调的,即可以用已知的方法调节它们的频率,使之与发射机TX所使用的频道符合。然而,发射机TX的频道的调节/变化将使合成网络需要重新调谐来与新的频道相符合。所说的调谐由本发明的匹配短柱来实现,这个短柱根据馈送到它的控制信号来改变合成网络的电长度。
一个控制信号可以被送到图1的匹配短柱1,例如,基站控制器或者一个类似的控制部件馈送一个控制信号到匹配短柱1,该控制信号指示基站频道的中心位置。如果基站有一个测量从失配点反射回来的功率的装置,匹配短柱就能以从那些使用最外面的频道的发射机TX的失配点反射回来的功率为基础获得一个控制信号。这种测量装置与和其相连接的自动可调混合滤波器都已经被知晓,在这里就不作详细叙述了。
图2表示一个本发明的合成网络的第一优选实施例。图2表示了合成网络的匹配短柱1,它是通过T型分支连接到合成网络的。
如图2所示,匹配短柱包括一个同轴电缆6,该同轴电缆6的中心导体插入到圆柱状接地元件8内。滑动触头9与接地元件8相连并且与中心导体7相接触。为了移动上述触点,匹配短柱1包括一个传送机构和一个电动机,该传送机构和该电动机根据馈送来的控制信号相对于中心导体7垂直地移动接地元件8和滑动触头9,使得在中心导体7和滑动触头9之间的接触点移动,以此来改变合成网络的电长度。
图3表示本发明的第二优选实施例。图3在很大程度上与图2的实施例相对应,不同之处是在中心导体7和接地元件8之间没有电镀耦接。这样,图3表示了电容性调节,在这种调节中,合成网络的电长度取决于中心导体7在给定的时刻进入圆柱状接地元件8的部分的长度。
图4表示了本发明的第三优选实施例。类似于图3的情况,图4中的合成网络的电长度的改变是基于电容性调节。
如图4所示,匹配短柱1通过同轴电缆6被连接到合成网络的T型分支5上。上述同轴电缆的中心导体7通过电容二极管11接地。通过可调电源12,可以得到电容二极管11两端的反向电压,二极管11的电容量与电压值成反比(增加的电压减小电容)。图4中的扼流圈13隔离RF线与电源12。
图示以及参照图示的介绍只是为了说明本发明,对于本技术领域的内行人来说,不偏离所附权利要求的范围与精神的各种修改和变更将是明显的。

Claims (8)

1.一个可将无线电发射机(TX)提供的射频信号混合并馈送到公用天线装置(ANT)的合成网络,这个合成网络包括导体(6),连接器(5)和一个匹配短柱(1),其特征在于:匹配短柱(1)包括一个调节装置(8-13),该装置可根据馈送到匹配短柱(1)的控制信号改变合成网络的电长度。
2.一个根据权利要求1的合成网络,其特征在于:每个无线电发射机被用来向可调谐的滤波装置(4)提供射频信号,该滤波装置(4)的输出通过连接器(5)被耦合到合成网络。
3.一个根据权利要求1或2的合成网络,其特征在于:合成网络由与T型分支(5)连接在一起的同轴电缆(6)组成,并且匹配短柱(1)被安装在一个所述的T型分支管上。
4.一个根据权利要求3的合成网络,其特征在于:所说的调节装置(8、9、10)被用来通过移动同轴电缆的中心导体(7)的接地点来改变合成网络的电长度。
5.一个根据权利要求4的合成网络,其特征在于:调节装置包括滑动触头(9),该滑动触头(9)的一端被用来与同轴电缆的中心导体(7)相接触,并且它的另一端接地,传送机构(10)便利地带有一个电动机来用于根据控制信号在滑动触头(9)和中心导体(7)之间移动接触点。
6.一个根据权利要求3的合成网络,其特征在于:同轴电缆的中心导体的一端被安装在圆柱状接地元件(8)内,并且调节装置包括一个传送机构(10),该传送机构(10)便利地带有一个电动机来用于移动中心导体(7)或圆柱状接地元件(8),使得中心导体(7)的插入到圆柱状接地元件的部分的长度变化。
7.一个根据权利要求3的合成网络,其特征在于:同轴电缆的中心导体(7)通过电容二极管(11)接地,可以调整电容二级管(11)两端的反向电压,这个电压值对所说的控制信号敏感并由此调整合成网络的电长度。
8.根据权利要求1所述的合成网络,其特征在于:上述合成网络是在蜂窝无线通信系统的基站中的发射单元的合成网络。
CN95190585A 1994-06-30 1995-06-27 合成网络 Expired - Fee Related CN1097862C (zh)

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AU (1) AU692566B2 (zh)
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JP3012337B2 (ja) 2000-02-21
FI943150A (fi) 1995-12-31
EP0716773B1 (en) 2000-03-22
NO960819D0 (no) 1996-02-28
DE69515815T2 (de) 2000-07-27
NO960819L (no) 1996-02-28
US5689219A (en) 1997-11-18
ATE191102T1 (de) 2000-04-15
FI943150A0 (fi) 1994-06-30
EP0716773A1 (en) 1996-06-19
AU2794095A (en) 1996-01-25
FI96550C (fi) 1996-07-10
AU692566B2 (en) 1998-06-11
CN1129996A (zh) 1996-08-28
WO1996000989A1 (en) 1996-01-11
DE69515815D1 (de) 2000-04-27
JPH09502591A (ja) 1997-03-11
FI96550B (fi) 1996-03-29

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