CN1100598C - 剂量配送的配制机以及涂料终成品的连续均匀化方法 - Google Patents

剂量配送的配制机以及涂料终成品的连续均匀化方法 Download PDF

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CN1100598C
CN1100598C CN98812830A CN98812830A CN1100598C CN 1100598 C CN1100598 C CN 1100598C CN 98812830 A CN98812830 A CN 98812830A CN 98812830 A CN98812830 A CN 98812830A CN 1100598 C CN1100598 C CN 1100598C
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翁贝托·马拉奇
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F33/00—Other mixers; Mixing plants; Combinations of mixers
    • B01F33/80—Mixing plants; Combinations of mixers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
    • B01F27/80—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a substantially vertical axis
    • B01F27/81—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a substantially vertical axis the stirrers having central axial inflow and substantially radial outflow
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F33/00—Other mixers; Mixing plants; Combinations of mixers
    • B01F33/80—Mixing plants; Combinations of mixers
    • B01F33/84—Mixing plants with mixing receptacles receiving material dispensed from several component receptacles, e.g. paint tins
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F33/00—Other mixers; Mixing plants; Combinations of mixers
    • B01F33/80—Mixing plants; Combinations of mixers
    • B01F33/84—Mixing plants with mixing receptacles receiving material dispensed from several component receptacles, e.g. paint tins
    • B01F33/841—Mixing plants with mixing receptacles receiving material dispensed from several component receptacles, e.g. paint tins with component receptacles fixed in a circular configuration on a horizontal table, e.g. the table being able to be indexed about a vertical axis
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F35/00—Accessories for mixers; Auxiliary operations or auxiliary devices; Parts or details of general application
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F35/00—Accessories for mixers; Auxiliary operations or auxiliary devices; Parts or details of general application
    • B01F35/10—Maintenance of mixers
    • B01F35/145—Washing or cleaning mixers not provided for in other groups in this subclass; Inhibiting build-up of material on machine parts using other means
    • B01F35/1452—Washing or cleaning mixers not provided for in other groups in this subclass; Inhibiting build-up of material on machine parts using other means using fluids
    • B01F35/1453—Washing or cleaning mixers not provided for in other groups in this subclass; Inhibiting build-up of material on machine parts using other means using fluids by means of jets of fluid, e.g. air
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F35/00—Accessories for mixers; Auxiliary operations or auxiliary devices; Parts or details of general application
    • B01F35/80—Forming a predetermined ratio of the substances to be mixed
    • B01F35/83—Forming a predetermined ratio of the substances to be mixed by controlling the ratio of two or more flows, e.g. using flow sensing or flow controlling devices
    • B01F35/833—Flow control by valves, e.g. opening intermittently
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B15/00—Details of spraying plant or spraying apparatus not otherwise provided for; Accessories
    • B05B15/50—Arrangements for cleaning; Arrangements for preventing deposits, drying-out or blockage; Arrangements for detecting improper discharge caused by the presence of foreign matter
    • B05B15/55—Arrangements for cleaning; Arrangements for preventing deposits, drying-out or blockage; Arrangements for detecting improper discharge caused by the presence of foreign matter using cleaning fluids
    • B05B15/557—Arrangements for cleaning; Arrangements for preventing deposits, drying-out or blockage; Arrangements for detecting improper discharge caused by the presence of foreign matter using cleaning fluids the cleaning fluid being a mixture of gas and liquid
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F2101/00—Mixing characterised by the nature of the mixed materials or by the application field
    • B01F2101/30—Mixing paints or paint ingredients, e.g. pigments, dyes, colours, lacquers or enamel

Abstract

一种用于剂量配送流体配料特别是涂料配料的配制机，包括带有管嘴的(13b)的配制头(13)，为输送许多相应的流体配料，许多输送管(10)的端部与该配制头连通。混和装置具体为叶轮机，它装在输送管(10)的端部和配制管嘴(13b)之间，以便连续地混和从不同输送管来的同时进入配制头(13)的流体配料。

Description

剂量配送的配制机以及涂料终成品 的连续均匀化方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种配制机，用于剂量配送流体制品，特别是用于配送组成终成品例如油漆、涂料、墨水、瓷漆、织物染料以及类似终成品的流体配料。
背景技术
为制造上述作为例子的终成品，众所周知是按照特定的配方，在基质流体例如白色的或透明的流体中按确定的比例加入一种或多种着色流体配料。用在上述行业中的已知机器将已知量的着色剂配送到一定容量的罐、容器、听桶或盒中，在这些种容器中预先已放入基质流体配料。这些已知机器必须确保高度准确地配送着色剂配料的量，因为即使各种着色剂配料之间或在这些着色剂配料和基质流体配料之间在相对比例关系上存在稍许差别，也会造成终成品的颜色不能匹配到要求的效果。而且，在用传统配制机进行配送后，着色配料在大量的基质流体配料中的分布是不均匀的，因此需要或多或少地猛烈地摇动罐子。在用所谓调色方法生产终成品的工艺中，这种必需的摇动步骤很明显是费力的，因为这种操作需要额外的手工操作或使用特别的混合机，用手工操作时由于罐的尺寸和重量大，通常很难于操作，因而增加了该方法成本。而且，在任何情况下，混合操作也显著增加了终成品的生产时间。
因此，在目前的工艺水平，均匀化步骤是快速配制机生产效率的瓶颈步骤，而且这种均匀化步骤使得这种调色方法只能用于流动性好的配料上，不允许使用包含大量固体或塑料微粒的高粘性配料。
发明概述
本发明的目的是解决上述难点，具体是提供一种本说明前言中所述的那种配制机，该配制机可进行剂量配送和连续混匀涂料终成品。
本发明的主要目的是在机器的出口获得一种不需要进一步混合的着色涂料终制品。
本发明的再一目的是去掉传统上与配制机配用的混合机，以提高调色方法的效率。
本发明的另一目的是将涂料终成品的各种生产步骤整体化和自动化，扩大了用在调色方法中的成分配料的范围。
为达到上述目的，本发明涉及一种在此说明前言中所述的配制机，该配制机具有所附权利要求书中说明的特征。
对附图的简要说明
下面参考附图说明只作为非限制性例子的一个优选实施例，从这种说明中，可以明显看出其它的特征和优点，这些附图是：
图1是本发明配制机的示意平面图，为清楚起见，上部覆盖面板已从该配制机取下；
图2是图1所示配制机的配制单元的平面图；
图3是沿图2的III-III线截取的配制单元的纵向截面图；
图4是图2所示配制头的放大平面图；
图5是沿图4的V-V线截取的配制头的纵向截面图；和
图6是图4和5所示配制头清洗系统的示意图。
实施本发明的最佳方式
下面参考附图，参考编号1总的表示配送机，该配送机包括多个马达泵单元2，该单元最好装在标准型支架3内，以便可以根据要配送的成分配料的数目和种类方便地增大配制机。各个马达泵单元包括马达4，该马达最好是无电刷马达，但也不限于这种马达，该马达的操作单独地用最好连接于计算机的已知型的控制电路控制，与其它马达泵单元的马达的操作不相关。具体是，控制电路调整马达4的转速，各个马达连接于相应正位移泵5的轴，该泵具有入口6和出口7。入口6连接于成分配料例如基质、着色剂、各种添加剂等的贮存器(图上未示出)。而出口则经装在中间的三通双置再循环阀11a、11b连接于分配管10(该管10的路径在图2和3中用虚线示出)，从该阀还接出再循环管，以使成分制品返回到其各自贮存器。分配管10连接于装在中央配制组件9上部分的配制单元8上，该配制单元最好还包含连接于各个贮存器的马达泵单元2和再循环阀11a、11b的电子控制装置以及计算机，从图2和3可以清楚看出，分配管10的端部由阀装置12密封，该阀装置最好是针阀，它可以选择性打开，使分配管10连接于配制头13的轴向孔13a，该轴向孔经配制管嘴13b通向外边。混和装置例如叶轮机20装在配制头13的里面，它可绕大体垂直轴线Z-Z转动。具体是，虽然不是限制性的，但叶轮20固定在转轴14的一个端部上，而在其另一个端部上用链固定一个轮子或皮带轮15，该转轴伸到配制单元8的上面。皮带轮15由皮带或链条16连接于另一个固定在混和马达18转轴上的皮带轮或驱动轮17。可以明显看出，可以采用不同的但作用相似的结构系统将马达18的运动传送到混和装置20上，例如采用变速机构、万向接头或其它功能上相似的系统。
图2和3示出适合于配制多达16种不同基质和16种不同着色剂的配制机配制单元8的简单结构。三通阀11a可选择性配送基质或使这些基质再回流到相应的贮存器，该三通阀配置在围绕配制头13的一个半圆上。三通阈11b比较小，因为它们用于选择配送着色剂，它们配置在马达18两侧的一段弧上。各个三通阀11a、11b对应于一个针阀12，该针阀12配置在围绕配制头13的一个圆周上。为使系统在结构上比较紧凑，从图3和图5可以清楚看出，针阀12在垂直方向是成对叠置的。
从图4和5可以更清楚地看出，针阀12装在环形支承件40上，在针阀上装有径向导管41，阀12的针42通过驱动器43的选择性控制可以在该导管内进行轴向移动。
各个径向导管42与相应入口44连通，相应的分配管10当其从三通阀11a、11b到达后便连接于该入口。径向导管42通向一个或多个共用室45，该共用室又与配制头13的轴向孔13a连通，该共用室位于叶轮机20上游。
在配制某种规格的终成品和配制下一种不同规格的终成品之间，必需清洗共用的管嘴13和叶轮机20。为此目的，配制机1包括示意示于图4的清洗单元21。该清洗单元21包括压力调节器22，气体输送管25中的压缩空气经该调节器送出。压缩空气经单向阀23送入桶24中，桶中含有适合于清洗所用那种着色剂和基质的溶剂。该溶剂在停止或关闭气体输送管25之后通过盖部26加入到桶24中。安全阀27确保桶中的压力不会超过要求的预定值。出口导管28使桶24连接于汇流管30，清洗导管29再从该汇流管引出，从叶轮机20的上游进入配制头13。沿着出口导管28装有过滤器31和溶剂清洗电磁阀32，该电磁阀能使溶剂选择地进入配制管嘴13。
从气体输送管25来的压缩空气在流过第二压力调节器33之后还经导管47输送到电磁阀11a、11b。从第二调节器33出来的空气出口导管经过装在中间的空气清洗电磁阀34还与汇流管30连通。排出导管35也连接汇流管30，该导管35选择地由排出电磁阀36关闭。
在配制机1操作期间，操作者通过计算机可选择和输入构成一定比例成分配料的预定成品配方，以制造某种终成品。一个允许命令可使计算机中的数据传送到马达泵单元2的控制系统，该控制系统可调节马达4的转速，因而可调节泵5的流量。电磁阀11a、11b保持在再循环的位置，直至涉及这种成品配方的所有泵5的速度和输出量达到稳定。当达到稳定状态时，与成品配方所需成分配料有关的再循环阀11a、11b以及针阀12便同时打开，并将上述组成配料输送到配制单元8，这些组成配料一般包括基质和一种或多种着色剂。成分配料先进入室45，然后按单位时间的进入量以预定的比例流入配制头13。这些成分配料随即由马达18驱动的混和叶轮机20混合，该马达取决于成分配料可以以恒速或变速运转，使得叶轮机20具有优选的高速度，足以完全地混匀成分配料。因此在配制管嘴的出口13b便可得到终成品，只需要装到合适的容器内。
每当改变终成品配方时，通过计算机送出命令便可起动配制头13的自动清洗单元21。在进行清洗操作时，电磁阀11a、11b处于再循环位置，所有针阀12均关闭、排出电磁阀36和空气清洗电磁阀34关闭，而叶轮机20转动。溶剂清洗电磁阀32打开，使溶剂从叶轮机20的上游进入配制头13。溶剂输送操作需要相当时间，以使室45、配制头13和混和叶轮机20被完全彻底洗净。当关闭溶剂清洗电磁阀32结束这种操作时，便开始一种新的操作步骤，在这种步骤中，由于空气清洗电磁阀34打开，空气进入配制头。这种操作可以除去残存在配制头13内的以及留在叶轮机20上的残留溶剂。将空气电磁阀34切换到关闭位置和打开排出电磁阀36便可结束清洗操作。在配制流体制品时，该排出阀36也打开，以避免在配制管嘴内出现脉动压力。
为更好地理解上述一个具体实施例配制机的操作原理，下面说明一个配制终成品的具体例子以及关于配制机部件的细节，该例子绝不能以任何方式解释为有限制性。例1
已选择具有不同操作参数的泵5用于配送基质和着色剂。
对于着色剂，泵具有每转3ml的配料流量，泵的最大转速可达到150r/min。对于基质，泵具有每转25ml的流量，最大转速可达到150r/min。
假定我们想制作一种配方简单的涂料终成品，在这种终制品中，基质B用着色剂C稀释，稀释到着色剂占基质B体积的1％。这种终成品具有已知比重，应当具有对应于体积为1010cc的总重量。
为在尽可能短的时间内生产需要量的这种制品，使基质泵起动，并以其最大速度150r/min转动，此速度对应于62.5ml/s的基质制品流速。因此配送1000ml基质制品所需的时间为16s。据此，中央计算机计算在16s内配送10ml着色剂C所需要的流量，使得在进入配制管嘴内的基质和着色剂之间的比例关系在整个时间内是恒定的。在着色剂泵的位移条件下，计算机系统计算出相应马达必需以12.5rpm的速度转动。此信息送给马达4的控制系统，该控制系统便使再循环管中的循环流量达到要求的循环速度。
这样，在这种配方中的两种配料即基质B和着色剂C便以上述流速被输送到配制头13和混和装置20。
在16秒的时间内，配制管嘴13b便排出要求量已配好和混匀的终成品。
本发明的机器可以这样制作，使得该机器可以包括直接装在此机器上的流体配料容器、或使该容器配置在相邻的组件上，或只包括具有分配单元和一组入口的中央结构9，该入口可以用周知的装置例如联接螺套或快速联管节连接于外部或远处贮存器的流体输送管。
尽管很多实施例和发展的细节可不同于上述说明的例示实施例，但本发明的原理保持不变，这些实施例不会超出本发明的范围。

Claims (9)

1.一种用于剂量配送流体配料特别是涂料配料的配制机，其包括：带有管嘴(13b)的配制头(13)；许多输送管(10)，该输送管(10)的端部与该配制头(13)连通，以输送流体配料；混和装置(20)，该混和装置(20)装在输送管(10)的端部和配制管嘴(13b)之间，用于连续混和从不同输送管(10)来的同时进入配制头(13)内的流体配料，其特征在于，混和装置包括转动的叶轮机(20)，输送管(10)是径向管，该管的端部与一个或多个共用室(45)连通，该共用室相对于配制管嘴(13b)位于混和装置(20)的上游。
2.如权利要求1所述的配制机，其特征在于，它包括许多待配送流体配料的贮存器，以及配置在输送管(10)之间的泵装置(5)，以便将流体配料从贮存器输送到配制头(13)。
3.如权利要求2所述的配制机，其特征在于，泵装置(5)是可调的，从而可以不同的流速输送不同的流体配料。
4.如权利要求1所述的配制机，其特征在于，它包括配置在输送管(10)之间的截断装置(11a，11b，12)，以便有选择地截断从贮存器输向配制头的流体配料。
5.如权利要求4所述的配制机，其特征在于，截断装置包括开-关截断阀(12)，该阀配置在输送管(10)的端部上，该输送管(10)与配制头(13)连通。
6.如权利要求4所述的配制机，其特征在于，截断装置包括三通阀(11a，11b)，再循环管从该三通阀接出，从而可选择地输送着色剂配料，或将配料输送到配制头(13)，或者输送到贮存器。
7.如权利要求5或6所述的配制机，其特征在于，它包括偶数个开-关截断阀(12)，该截断阀配置在围绕配制头(13)的圆周上，并成对地叠置配置。
8.如权利要求1至6所述的配制机，其特征在于，它包括清洗装置(21)，该装置具有其上连接第一溶剂清洗管(28)的溶剂桶(24)以及连接于压缩空气源(25)的第二空气清洗管，上述第一和第二清洗管与配制头(13)连通，并在这些清洗管的中间配置各自的截断装置(32，24)，这些截断装置可选择地启动，从而打开或关闭在清洗管和配制头(13)之间的流通。
9.如权利要求5或6所述的配制机，其特征在于，它包括清洗装置(21)，该装置具有其上连接第一溶剂清洗管(28)的溶剂桶(24)以及连接于压缩空气源(25)的第二空气清洗管，上述第一和第二清洗管与配制头(13)连通，并在这些清洗管的中间配置各自的截断装置(32，24)，这些截断装置可选择地启动，从而打开或关闭在清洗管和配制头(13)之间的流通。
CN98812830A 1997-12-30 1998-11-06 剂量配送的配制机以及涂料终成品的连续均匀化方法 Expired - Fee Related CN1100598C (zh)

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