CN1118442C - 生产不可燃成型构件的方法 - Google Patents

生产不可燃成型构件的方法 Download PDF

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CN1118442C
CN1118442C CN97192465A CN97192465A CN1118442C CN 1118442 C CN1118442 C CN 1118442C CN 97192465 A CN97192465 A CN 97192465A CN 97192465 A CN97192465 A CN 97192465A CN 1118442 C CN1118442 C CN 1118442C
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flammable
interrupted
presuppression
shaped component
granule material
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CN1211965A (zh
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E·托曼德尔
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Thermax Brandschutzbauteile GmbH
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Thermax Brandschutzbauteile GmbH
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B14/00—Use of inorganic materials as fillers, e.g. pigments, for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of inorganic materials specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
    • C04B14/02—Granular materials, e.g. microballoons
    • C04B14/04—Silica-rich materials; Silicates
    • C04B14/20—Mica; Vermiculite
    • C04B14/204—Mica; Vermiculite expanded
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B23/00—Arrangements specially adapted for the production of shaped articles with elements wholly or partly embedded in the moulding material; Production of reinforced objects
    • B28B23/0081—Embedding aggregates to obtain particular properties
    • B28B23/0087—Lightweight aggregates for making lightweight articles
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements

Abstract

本文涉及由膨胀蛭石制造不可燃成型构件的方法，其中膨胀蛭石颗粒材料经无机胶粘剂涂胶，然后进行压制。膨胀蛭石颗粒材料用无机胶粘剂溶液涂胶，涂胶的蛭石颗粒材料经预压制及裁切成构件所需形状，该裁切件至少在室温，优选至少为100℃的温度和至少0.3N/mm2的压力下进行压制，由此从制成的不可燃的成型构件中去除所有残余的溶剂。

Description

生产不可燃成型构件的方法
                   技术领域
本发明涉及不可燃成型构件-特别是建材板的制造方法，该方法中，使蛭石颗粒材料在高温下膨胀，膨胀的蛭石颗粒材料以无机胶粘剂溶液涂胶，涂胶的蛭石颗粒材料经连续的或间断的预压制，并裁切成构件所需的形状，该裁切件至少在室温，优选为100℃的温度和至少为0.3N/mm2的压力下进行间断地压制，由此从制成的不可燃的成型构件中去除所有残余的溶剂。
                   背景技术
已知，在制造不可燃的成型构件时，用由无机和有机组分组成的胶粘剂对膨胀材料如蛭石、珍珠岩或膨胀粘土涂胶，然后进行压制，由此膨胀材料微粒互相产生连结。
例如，US-A-4093488中提出用二步法制造不可燃建材板，即预压制步骤和热压制步骤，其中，膨胀的蛭石用由苯酚甲醛树脂和尿素树脂组成的水状合成树脂混合物涂胶。结果表明，在压制过程中依据工艺参数特别会从苯酚甲醛缩合树脂中释放出低分子化合物，即甲醛。由此，这种已知方法对环境是不利的。
根据DE-A-2831851和EP-A-43144，建议用无机胶粘剂取代一部分总的胶粘剂量。因为继续使用苯酚甲醛树脂作为有机胶粘剂，将会在压制过程中继续释放大量甲醛。
现由DE-A-2503920中已知，仅仅使用了无机胶粘剂，其中特别是应用氟硅酸。但因为氟硅酸难溶于水，所以此方法特别是用于蛭石颗粒的涂胶是较昂贵的。
DT-Gbm 1946275中还公开了一种不可燃建材板，其中用一种由单铝磷酸盐组成的无机胶粘剂对膨胀的蛭石涂胶。在实践中表明，这种较粘剂主要在颗粒接合表面有效，而在整体板截面上不有效。此外，在颗粒之间留有较大的空隙，其中会吸附水，由此这种板材显示出差的耐水性以及低劣的机械稳定性。
就此，本发明要设法解决这些问题。
本发明的任务是提供一种易实施的制造不可燃成型构件的方法，该方法对环境不产生污染，并且所得到的工业成品有令人满意的特性，如机械稳定性和不可燃性。
                  发明内容
根据本发明，为本文开头所述技术提供一种方法，该方法特征在于，仅仅使用一种含磷胶粘剂作为无机胶粘剂。
更具体地讲，本发明提出一种生产不可燃成型构件，该方法中使蛭石颗粒材料在高温下膨胀，膨胀的蛭石颗粒材料以无机胶粘剂溶液涂胶，涂胶的蛭石颗粒材料经连续或间断的预压制，并裁切成构件所需形状，该裁切件至少在室温，和至少为0.3N/mm2的压力下进行间断的压制，由此从制成的不可燃的成型构件中去除所有残余的溶剂，其特征在于，使用一种基于含磷的酸和/或其盐的无机含磷的胶粘剂作为唯一的胶粘剂，其中掺合一种基于有机硅化合物的防水剂作为添加剂。
本发明的方法中，特别合适的是基于含磷的酸和/或其盐的那些胶粘剂。
本发明的优点在于，间断的热压制在压机中完成，它由通常的加热介质以及附加的高频电流加热。此外，该间断的热压制适宜在设置有蒸汽筛板(Dampfsieb)下进行，以去除残余的溶剂。同样，在连续预压制时，填料饼的一面或两面宜敷以复盖层同时压制。
按本发明生产的不可燃成型构件例如可用于机器制造和建筑工业中。
               具体实施方式
现以实施方案对本发明作更详细描述：
在管式转炉中，于约850℃下使蛭石颗粒材料膨胀。然后膨胀的蛭石颗粒材料进入混合装置，其中它与经剂量装置引入的胶粘剂溶液混合。该胶粘剂溶液例如由含水正-磷酸组成，还含有基于有机硅化物的防水剂。其配料控制为胶粘剂在产品板中的含量约为10％(重量)。
将来自混合装置的经胶粘剂涂胶过的混合物送入填料槽或填料箱，其中形成同样高度的散填料。然后该散填料通过预压制装置使其预压到散填料高度的约50％。在填料饼的两面可敷以复盖层如装饰层。预压制后，预压件经裁切成大板，并且间断地送入用高频电流和热油加热的压机中，其中板在温度为200℃和压力为1N/mm2的条件下压制。通过升高温度，在脱水作用下产生磷酸的网状结构。反应水以及可能析出的残余溶剂可通过压机中所采用的蒸汽筛板加以去除。通过该措施，可避免板材表面上的不合格性。制成的压制板与压模分离并冷却。然后将该板裁切成所需规格并进行堆置。

Claims (7)

1.一种生产不可燃成型构件的方法，该方法中使蛭石颗粒材料在高温下膨胀，膨胀的蛭石颗粒材料以无机胶粘剂溶液涂胶，涂胶的蛭石颗粒材料经连续或间断的预压制，并裁切成构件所需形状，该裁切件至少在室温，和至少为0.3N/mm2的压力下进行间断的压制，由此从制成的不可燃的成型构件中去除所有残余的溶剂，其特征在于，使用一种基于含磷的酸和/或其盐的无机含磷的胶粘剂作为唯一的胶粘剂，其中掺合一种基于有机硅化合物的防水剂作为添加剂。
2.权利要求1的方法，其特征在于，不可燃成型构件是建材板。
3.权利要求1的方法，其特征在于，裁切件至少在100℃的温度下进行间断的压制。
4.权利要求1的方法，其特征在于，在压机中完成间断的热压制，它由通常的加热介质以及附加的高频电流加热。
5.权利要求1-4中任一项的方法，其特征在于，间断热压制在有蒸汽筛板存在下进行，以去除残余的溶剂。
6.权利要求1-4中任一项的方法，其特征在于，在连续预压制时，填料饼的一面或两面敷以复盖层同时压制。
7.权利要求5的方法，其特征在于，在连续预压制时，填料饼的一面或两面敷以复盖层同时压制。
CN97192465A 1996-02-23 1997-02-17 生产不可燃成型构件的方法 Expired - Fee Related CN1118442C (zh)

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US (1) US6395113B2 (zh)
EP (1) EP0881997B1 (zh)
CN (1) CN1118442C (zh)
AT (1) ATE185787T1 (zh)
AU (1) AU1873997A (zh)
DE (1) DE59700587D1 (zh)
DK (1) DK0881997T3 (zh)
EA (1) EA000460B1 (zh)
UA (1) UA54416C2 (zh)
WO (1) WO1997030951A1 (zh)
ZA (1) ZA971233B (zh)

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DE59700587D1 (de) 1999-11-25
EA000460B1 (ru) 1999-08-26
EP0881997A1 (de) 1998-12-09
CN1211965A (zh) 1999-03-24
DK0881997T3 (da) 2000-03-13
US6395113B2 (en) 2002-05-28
US20010038169A1 (en) 2001-11-08
UA54416C2 (uk) 2003-03-17
EP0881997B1 (de) 1999-10-20
ATE185787T1 (de) 1999-11-15
AU1873997A (en) 1997-09-10
ZA971233B (en) 1998-09-14
WO1997030951A1 (de) 1997-08-28
EA199800761A1 (ru) 1999-04-29

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