CN1120921A - 清洁用片材 - Google Patents

清洁用片材 Download PDF

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CN1120921A
CN1120921A CN94113550A CN94113550A CN1120921A CN 1120921 A CN1120921 A CN 1120921A CN 94113550 A CN94113550 A CN 94113550A CN 94113550 A CN94113550 A CN 94113550A CN 1120921 A CN1120921 A CN 1120921A
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fiber
cleaning sheet
sheet
mesh fabric
fabric sheet
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CN1077785C (zh
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静野聪仁
柳田浩幸
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Kao Corp
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/12—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L13/00—Implements for cleaning floors, carpets, furniture, walls, or wall coverings
    • A47L13/10—Scrubbing; Scouring; Cleaning; Polishing
    • A47L13/16—Cloths; Pads; Sponges
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/32—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyolefins
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/022—Non-woven fabric
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
    • B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/26—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/44—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling
    • D04H1/46—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres
    • D04H1/492—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres by fluid jet
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/44—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling
    • D04H1/46—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres
    • D04H1/498—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres entanglement of layered webs
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/02—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of yarns or filaments
    • D04H3/04—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of yarns or filaments in rectilinear paths, e.g. crossing at right angles
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H5/00—Non woven fabrics formed of mixtures of relatively short fibres and yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H5/02—Non woven fabrics formed of mixtures of relatively short fibres and yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length strengthened or consolidated by mechanical methods, e.g. needling
    • D04H5/03—Non woven fabrics formed of mixtures of relatively short fibres and yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length strengthened or consolidated by mechanical methods, e.g. needling by fluid jet
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/70—Other properties
    • B32B2307/718—Weight, e.g. weight per square meter
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2323/00—Polyalkenes
    • B32B2323/04—Polyethylene
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2432/00—Cleaning articles, e.g. mops, wipes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24273—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.] including aperture
    • Y10T428/24322—Composite web or sheet
    • Y10T428/24331—Composite web or sheet including nonapertured component
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/60—Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
    • Y10T442/659—Including an additional nonwoven fabric
    • Y10T442/666—Mechanically interengaged by needling or impingement of fluid [e.g., gas or liquid stream, etc.]
    • Y10T442/667—Needled

Abstract

一种清洁用片材，其包括网眼织物片和由纤维网中的纤维缠结形成的并位于网眼织物片至少一个面上的非织造纤维集聚体。非织造纤维集聚体中的纤维还进一步与网眼织物片缠结形成一体。该清洁用片材断裂强度是500g/30mm或更大，在载荷500g/30mm下伸长10％或更低。纤维集聚体的缠结系数为10至500m。缠结系数是用在垂直于纤聚集体中的纤维取向方向上所测得的应力-应变曲线的起始斜率来表示的。

Description

清洁用片材
本发明涉及商用或家用的由非织造织物制成的清洁用片材(cleaning sheet)。更具体地，本发明涉及用于收集各种灰尘的干型清洁用片材。
以前用作去垢除尘物的干型清洁用片材一般包括浸渍有油性物质的机织织物、非织造织物或类似物。清洁用片材通过油性物质的润湿作用吸收和除去需要清洁的表面上的污垢。
在用非织造织物制得的清洁用片材中，纤维通过粘合、熔合或较强的纤维缠结作用牢固地连结在一起，以致于这种清洁用片材在清洁操作过程中不会产生纤维碎毛、也不会发生断裂。这种清洁用片材通过浸渍的油性物质的润湿作用可吸收小污垢如尘土，然而，对于大尘埃，如棉绒、纤维碎毛和毛发，这种清洁用片材不具有满意的收集性能。
为了收集大尺寸尘埃，如棉绒、纤维碎毛和毛发，需要将纤维进行缠结以便可以保持高的纤维自由度。一般由纤维缠结形成的非织造织物比仅通过纤维粘合或熔合形成的非织造织物有较高的组分纤维的自由度。因此，由纤维的缠结形成的非织造织物通过尘埃与非织造织物纤维间的缠结可表现出较好的尘埃收集能力。人们认为纤维缠结较弱的非织造织物可表现出较好的尘埃收集能力。然而，如果纤维的缠结很弱，非织造织物的强度将明显降低，并且这种非织造织物的加工性能将变差。另外，这种非织造织物的纤维容易发生脱落。
因此，本发明的目的是提供一种清洁用片材，其能满足对清洁操作必需的强度要求和对尘埃收集性能所必需的组分纤维自由度的要求。
为了实现上述目的，本发明人进行了努力研究并发现通过下述方法可得到具有所需物理性能的清洁用片材，即制备包含有网眼织物片(network sheet)和纤维聚集体(fiber aggregate)的片状物，其中所说的网眼织物片和纤维聚集体彼此间相互覆盖和缠结并通过水针刺或类似作用结合成一体，并通过调整片状物中纤维间相互的缠结度使之控制在适当的范围内。
本发明基于上述发现。具体地说，本发明提供了一种清洁用片材，其包含网眼织物片和由纤维网中的纤维缠结形成的非织造纤维聚集体，纤维聚集体至少位于网眼织物片的一侧；
纤维聚集体中的纤维进一步与网眼织物片缠结形成一体；
所述的清洁用片材的断裂强度为500g/30mm或更高，在500g/30mm载荷下的伸长为10％或更小；以及
所述的纤维聚集体的缠结系数为10至500m，缠结系数是由在垂直于纤维集聚体中的纤维取向的方向上测得的应力-应变曲线的起始斜率来表示的。
本文中使用的断裂强度意思是指：当拉伸载荷施加于清洁用片材上时，清洁用片材开始断裂时的载荷值(即在测定拉伸强度过程中的第一个峰值)。本文中使用的伸长意思是指：当500g/30mm拉伸载荷施加于清洁用片材时，清洁用片材的伸长(％)。
本文中使用的缠结系数是表示纤维聚集体中的纤维缠结度的一个量度，其由在垂直于清洁用片材中的非织造纤维聚集体中的纤维取向方向上测得的应力-应变曲线的起始斜率来表示。较小的缠结系数值表示较小的纤维缠结度。这里采用的应力的意思是指：由拉伸载荷值除以卡盘宽度(chucking width)(即在拉伸强度测量过程中试验条的宽度)和非织造纤维聚集体的单位面积重量而得到的数值。这里使用的应变意思是伸长。
根据本发明的清洁用片材，其能满足清洁操作所必需的强度要求和尘埃收集性能所必需的纤维自由度的要求。
参照附图对本发明进行进一步的描述。附图中：
图1表示本发明的清洁用片材的一个实施方案的截面图；
图2表示本发明的清洁用片材的另一个实施方案的截面图；
图3表示用于本发明的清洁用片材中的网眼织物片的平面图；
图4A、4B和4C表示用于本发明的清洁片中的其它的网眼织物片的平面图；
图5表示制备本发明的清洁用片材的装置的实施例的示意图；
图6表示应力-应变曲线图。
图1表示本发明的清洁用片材的一个实施方案的截面图。图2表示本发明的清洁用片材的另一个实施方案的截面图。图3和图4A、4B和4C表示用于本发明的清洁用片材中的网眼织物片的平面图。
图1所示的清洁用片材1包括网眼织物片2(或12)和非织造纤维聚集体3。由纤维网中的纤维缠结而成的非织造纤维聚集体3位于网眼织物片2(或12)的一侧。非织造纤维聚集体3中的纤维进一步与网眼织物片2(或12)缠结。因此，非织造纤维聚集体3和网眼织物片2(或12)成为一体。
图2所示的清洁用片材包括网眼织物片2(或12)和两个非织造纤维聚集体3、3。由纤维网中的纤维缠结而成的非织造纤维聚集体3、3位于网眼织物片2(或12)的相对面上。非织造纤维聚集体3、3还进一步与网眼织物片2(或12)缠结。因此，非织造纤维聚集体3、3和网眼织物片2(或12)成为一体。
网眼织物片2的优选的实例包括如图3所示的形状像格子的网状物。或者是，图4A、4B和4C所示的具有大量穿孔的穿孔膜12、12、12之一可作为网眼织物片2使用。该网眼织物片2可从这样的材料制备，该材料具有一定量的穿孔、并具有可作为支持物使得纤维聚集体3中的纤维进一步缠结在其上而成为一体。
如图3和图4A、4B和4C所示，网眼织物片2和12的穿孔形状可用各种方法来改变。膜12的穿孔形状可以是图4A所示的圆环形，图4B所示的星形，或图4C所示的圆环形和星形的结合。
网眼织物片2和12的材料可选自，例如聚烯烃，如聚乙烯、聚丙烯和聚丁烯；聚酯，如聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯和聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯；聚酰胺，如尼龙6和尼龙66；聚丙烯腈；乙烯基聚合物和亚乙烯基聚合物，如聚氯乙烯，偏二氯乙烯；和改性聚合物、合金或上述的混合物。
在网眼织物片2包括图3所示的网状物的情况下，网眼目数、纤维直径、纤维间距、孔直径、孔的间距和孔的结构的确定应从其与非织造纤维聚集体的局部缠结的角度考虑。具体地说，直径优选在20mm至500mm范围内，更优选在100mm至200mm范围内。纤维间距优选在2mm至30mm范围内，更优选在4mm至20mm范围内。
在网眼织物片12包括图4A、4B或4C所示的穿孔膜的情况下，穿孔的直径优选在4mm至40mm范围内，更优选在8mm至20mm范围内。穿孔的间距优选在1mm至10mm范围内，更优选在1mm至5mm范围内。当使用除上述的以外的片状物作网眼织物片时，孔的直径等可采用与图3或图4A、4B或4C所示的网眼织物片中同样的定义范围。
纤维聚集体3中所使用的纤维可选自，例如，热塑性纤维如聚酯，聚酰胺和聚烯烃；上述的复合纤维、上述的双丝纤维(divided fiber)和通过熔纺方法制备的上述的超细纤维；半合成纤维如乙酸酯纤维；再生纤维如铜铵纤维(cupra)和人造纤维；天然纤维如棉、棉与其它纤维的混合纤维。
非织造纤维聚集体3的单位面积重量优选在40至100g/m2，更优选为40至70g/m2。如果非织造纤维聚集体3的单位面积重量小于40g/m2，在清洁操作过程中尘埃很容易透过清洁用片材，因此手会弄脏。如果非织造纤维聚集体3的单位面积重量大于100g/m2，纤维聚集体中的纤维和网眼织物片在所需的缠结度下彼此之间不能充分的缠结。另外，加工性能将变差，纤维从清洁用片材上的脱落出现得更频繁。
非织造纤维聚集体中的纤维的旦数、长度、截面形状和强度数值的确定应从加工性能和费用的观点来考虑。根据清洁用片材所需的功能，非织造纤维聚集体可与能改进纤维聚集体的表面物理性质并可吸收尘埃的表面活性剂或润滑剂结合，或者与能使被清洁的表面增加光泽的润滑剂结合。
对于包括网眼织物片和纤维聚集体的本发明的清洁用片材，重要的是其断裂强度为500g/30mm或更大，优选为1000g/30mm或更大；在载荷500g/30mm下伸长为10％或更少，优选为7％或更少，纤维聚集体的缠结系数在10至500m范围内。
如果清洁用片材的断裂强度低于500g/30mm，清洁用片材在清洁操作过程中易断裂。清洁用片材的伸长优选尽可能少，如果清洁用片材在载荷500g/30mm下的伸长大于10％，清洁用片材在清洁操作过程中就发生变形或扭曲，因而不容易用手操作，当这种清洁用片材被固定在清洁工具如拖把把上，并用于清洁操作时，这些问题将变得更严重。
在本发明清洁用片材中的纤维聚集体的缠结系数(其由在垂直于纤维取向的方向上测得的应力-应变曲线的起始斜率表示)设定成不大于500m的情况下，对于仅由纤维聚集体构成的清洁用片材，要达到上述的断裂强度和伸长是困难的。因此，为了使缠结系数值不大于500m，重要的是用网眼织物片和纤维聚集体彼此间缠结和结合成本发明中所述的一体。另外，对于本发明的清洁用片材，纤维聚集体与网眼织物片缠结并结合成一体，因此可使伸长保持在低水平。因此，与常规的缠结片状物比较，本发明的清洁用片材的纤维脱落被明显地抑制，所说的常规缠结片状物是指仅由纤维集聚体构成，并与本发明清洁用片材的纤维聚集体处于大约相同的缠结状态。
如果缠结系数小于10m，纤维不足以缠结在一起，另外，纤维和网眼织物片间的缠结变弱，结果经常发生纤维的脱落。如果缠结系数大于500m，由于缠结太强，达不到足够的纤维自由度，纤维就不容易与尘埃缠结，因而就不能保持良好的尘埃收集性能。
按照本发明，需要使缠结系数值处于上述的10-500m之间，优选是50-250m，更优选是70-120m。
纤维缠结度取决于在缠结过程中施加于纤维网上的缠结能。例如，在水针刺过程中，可根据纤维的种类、纤维网的单位面积重量、水喷嘴的数目以及水压和线速度来控制施加于纤维上的缠结能。
在下文中将详细描述生产本发明的清洁用片材的方法。
当制备本发明的清洁用片材时，纤维网(fiberweb)被覆盖在网眼织物片的一面上，或者纤维网被覆盖在网眼织物片的两个相对面上。在这种状态下，通过喷水，位于网眼织物片一个面上的纤维网中的纤维就与位于网眼织物片另一个面上的纤维网中的纤维缠结。另外，纤维网中的纤维还进一步与网眼织物片缠结。同时，除了以上的缠结之外，每个纤维网中的纤维与另外的纤维缠结，并作为非织造纤维聚集体固定在网眼织物片上。制备本发明清洁用片材的方法将在下文中参照图5作更详细的描述。
图5是表示生产本发明的清洁用片材所用装置实施例的示意图。该装置用于生产具有图2所示结构的清洁用片材。
对于图5中所示设备，纤维网3’、3’借助于输送辊7，7从梳理机5，5连续地输送。网眼织物片2的送网辊6位于梳理机5，5之间。通过输送辊8由送网辊6输送网眼织物片2。
纤维网3’、3’在接近输送辊7，7时被重叠在网眼织物片2的相对面上，纤维网3’、3’和网眼织物片2的结合物被送入水针刺设备4中。在水针刺设备4中，通过喷水作用，纤维网3’、3’中的纤维与网眼织物片2缠结。另外，位于网眼织物片2相对面上的纤维网3’，3’彼此间缠结。用这种方法制得了清洁用片材。
在缠结之后，由纤维聚集体3，3(图中未示出)和网眼织物片2组成的片状物在轧辊9，9之间通过并送入加热设备10中。在加热设备10中，所述的片状物经热处理干燥。经热处理后的片状物在轧辊11，11之间通过并缠绕在络纱机13上。用这种方法，可得到具有图2所示结构的本发明的清洁用片材。
参照下列实施例更容易理解本发明，然而，这些实施例意在说明本发明而不应认为是限制本发明的范围。
对实施例1、2、3和4以及比较实施例1和2中所得的清洁用片材，进行下述(1)至(6)的试验和评价。评价结果列于表1中。试验方法：(1)断裂强度(横向)
每个宽度为30mm的清洁用片材的样品都是按垂直于清洁片中的纤维取向的方向裁剪。样品在拉伸试验机中，用卡盘间距100mm的卡盘(chuck)夹住，并在垂直于纤维取向的方向上以300mm/分钟的速度拉伸。将样品开始断裂时的载荷值(由测量所得到的连续曲线的第一个峰值)作为断裂强度。(2)载荷为500g/30mm时的拉伸
在上述的断裂强度的测量中，测量在载荷为500g下的样品的拉伸。
另外，拉伸评价还可以用清洁用片材在清洁操作过程中的使用性能具有下述的三个等级来进行，同时考虑到清洁用片材的变形和扭曲。
○：变形和扭曲未发生，使用性能是可以接受的。
△：变形和扭曲偶尔发生，并且该清洁用片材使用时感到轻微不便。
×：变形和扭曲经常发生，并且该清洁用片材不便于使用。(3)缠结系数
从非织造纤维聚集体(从中除去了网眼织物片)上按垂直于清洁用片材中纤维取向的方向截剪宽度为15mm的样品。在拉伸试验机中，该样品用卡盘间距为50mm的卡盘夹住，并在垂直于纤维取向的方向上以30mm/分钟的速度拉伸。测量相对于样品伸长的拉伸载荷值F[g]。拉伸载荷值F[g]除以样品宽度[0.015m]和非织造纤维聚集体的织物单位面积重量W[g/m2]作为应力S[m]，由此得到应力-应变(伸长)曲线。
应力S[m]＝(F/0.015)/W
对于仅由纤维缠结构成的非织造纤维聚集体，应力-应变(拉伸)曲线在起始阶段是呈直线关系，计算直线的斜率作为缠结系数E[m]。例如，在图6所示的应力-应力(拉伸)曲线(其中垂直轴表示应力，水平轴表示应变，O表示交点)中，直线关系的极限用P表示，在P点的应力用Sp表示，在P点的应变(伸长)用γP表示。在这种情况下，按照E＝Sp/γP计算缠结系数。(当Sp＝60m，γP＝86％时，计算E值为E＝60/0.86＝70m)。
应注意直线OP不总是很直的，在这种情况下，线OP应近似为直线。(4)纤维的脱落
进行机械磨擦试验，测定从清洁用片材上脱落的纤维量。按脱落的纤维量，用以下描述的三个等级来评价。
○：很少发生脱落，清洁用片材是适用的。
△：稍微发生脱落，但清洁用片材可使用。
×：明显发生脱落，清洁用片材不能使用。(5)尘埃收集性能
用棉绒(棉和聚酯棉绒)和毛发作为模型尘埃，用以下所述的四个等级评价尘埃收集性能。
◎：完全可以接受的尘埃收集性能。
○：几乎可以接受的收集尘埃性能。
△：能收集尘埃，但还留有大量的尘埃未被除去。
×：不能收集尘埃。(6)尘埃的透过
用七种JIS试验尘埃作为模型尘埃，用面积60cm2的清洁用片材收集0.5g尘埃。用以下描述的三个等级评价尘埃的透过程度。
○：无透过
△：稍微透过
×：明显透过实施例1
使用聚丙烯网(纤维间距：9mm，纤维直径：0.2mm)作为网眼织物片。使用常规的梳理机制备两个聚酯纤维网，该聚酯纤维长51mm，直径1.5旦。两个纤维网各覆盖在网眼织物片的上面和下面，这样产生的单位面积重量为48g/m2的每个纤维聚集体可分别在网眼织物片的相对面上形成。然后网眼织物片和纤维网的结合物在低能量条件下进行水针刺过程。以这种方法得到的清洁用片材，具有断裂强度1320g/30mm，在载荷500g/30mm下伸长4％，缠结系数70m。实施例2
使用聚丙烯网(纤维间距：9mm，纤维直径：0.2mm)作为网眼织物片。使用常规的梳理机制备两个聚酯纤维网。该聚酯纤维长51mm，直径1.5旦，两个纤维网各覆盖在网眼织物片的上面和下面，这样产生的单位面积重量均为48g/m2的纤维聚集体可分别在网眼织物片的相对面上形成。然后网眼织物片和纤维网的结合物在低能量条件(略高于实施例1)下，进行水针刺过程。以这种方法得到的清洁用片材，具有断裂强度1500g/30mm，在载荷500g/30mm下伸长4％，缠结系数320m。实施例3
使用聚丙烯网(纤维间距：9mm，纤维直径：0.2mm)作为网眼织物片。使用常规的梳理机制备两个聚酯纤维网。该聚酯纤维长51mm，直径1.5旦。两个网各覆盖在网眼织物片和上面和下面上，这样产生的单位面积重量均为35g/m2的纤维聚集体可在网眼织物片的相对面上形成。然后网眼织物片和纤维网的结合物在低能量条件(与实施例1中的相等)下进行水针刺过程。以这种方法得到的清洁用片材具有断裂强度1290g/30mm，在载荷500g/30mm下伸长4％，缠结系数为130m。实施例4
使用聚丙烯网(纤维间距：9mm，纤维直径：0.2mm)作为网眼织物片。使用常规的梳理机制备两个聚酯纤维网。该聚酯纤维长51mm，直径1.5旦。两个纤维网各覆盖在网眼织物片的上面和下面上，这样产生的单位面积重量均为120g/m2的纤维聚集体可在网眼织物片的相对面上形成。然后网眼织物片和纤维网的结合物在低能量条件(与实施例2中的相等)下进行水针刺过程。以这种方法得到的清洁用片材具有断裂强度1700g/30mm，在载荷500g/30mm下伸长4％，缠结系数为240m。比较实施例1
使用常规的梳理机制备单位面积重量为48g/m2的聚酯纤维网。该聚酯纤维长51mm，直径1.5旦。然后该纤维网在低能量条件(与实施例1的相同)下进行水针刺过程。以这种方法得到的清洁用片材具有断裂强度810g/30mm，在载荷500g/30mm下伸长126％，缠结系数80m。比较实施例2
使用常规的梳理机制备单位面积重量60g/m2的聚酯纤维网。该聚酯纤维长51mm，直径1.5旦。然后该纤维网在中等能量条件下进行水针刺处理。以这种方法得到的清洁用片材具有断裂强度2200g/30mm，在载荷500g/30mm下伸长26％，缠结系数为620m。
                        表1
              实施例                     比较
                                        实施例
              1     2     3      4      1     2非织造纤维的单位面积        48    48    48    120    48     60重量(g/m2)断裂伸长          1320  1500  1290   1700   810   2200(g/30mm)伸长(％)          4     4     4      4      126   26评价              ○    ○    ○     ○     ×    △缠结系数(m)       70    320   130    240    80    620纤维脱落          ○    ○    ○     △     ×    △尘埃收集性能棉绒              ◎    ○    ○     ○     ◎    ○头发              ◎    ○    ○     ○     ○    △尘埃透过性能      ○    ○    △     ○     ○    ○
由表1可清楚地看见，对于不含网眼织物片的比较实施例1和2中的清洁用片材，为了使在500g/30mm载荷下的伸长值为10％或更少以及为了改善纤维脱落性质，必需增强缠结或进行粘合或熔融处理。然而，在这种情况下，清洁用片材的缠结系数将高于比较实施例2中得到的清洁用片材的缠结系数，并且尘埃收集性能降低。
另一方面，对于本发明实施例1，2，3和4所得到的清洁用片材，其中非织造纤维聚集体和网眼织物片彼此缠结，并且缠结度低(缠结系数：10至500m)，其可保持清洁操作所需的强度。另外，用通常的清洁用片材不能收集的大尺寸尘埃，如棉绒，纤维碎毛和毛发，可被具有较高自由度的纤维缠结和收集。因此，本发明的清洁用片材可适合于收集各种尘埃。
在不脱离本发明的实质和范围，对本发明的许多其它变化和改进，对于本领域熟练的技术人员都是显而易见的。所以，以上描述的实施方案仅是典型实例，并且所有这种变化和改进都将包括在所附的权利要求中所确定的本发明范围内。

Claims (2)

1、一种清洁用片材，其包括网眼织物片和由纤维网中的纤维缠结而形成的非织造纤维聚集体，该纤维聚集体位于网眼织物片的至少一个面上，
所述的纤维聚集体中的纤维还进一步与网眼织物片缠结，形成一体；
所述的清洁用片材断裂强度为500g/30mm或更大，在载荷500g/30mm下伸长10％或更少；以及
所述的纤维聚集体具有缠结系数10至500m，该缠结系数是用在垂直于纤维聚集体中纤维取向的方向上测得的应力-应变曲线的起始斜率来表示的。
2、根据权利要求1的清洁用片材，其中所述的纤维聚集体的单位面积重量为40-100g/m2。
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CN1077785C (zh) 2002-01-16

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