CN1129499A - 卫星网状网络的基于协议的帧中继多路交换方案 - Google Patents

卫星网状网络的基于协议的帧中继多路交换方案 Download PDF

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CN1129499A
CN1129499A CN94193141A CN94193141A CN1129499A CN 1129499 A CN1129499 A CN 1129499A CN 94193141 A CN94193141 A CN 94193141A CN 94193141 A CN94193141 A CN 94193141A CN 1129499 A CN1129499 A CN 1129499A
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CN1065383C (zh
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丹尼斯·E·菲尔丁
托德·W·格罗斯
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04BTRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/14Relay systems
    • H04B7/15Active relay systems
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    • H04B7/212Time-division multiple access [TDMA]
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04BTRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/14Relay systems
    • H04B7/15Active relay systems
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    • H04B7/18578Satellite systems for providing broadband data service to individual earth stations
    • H04B7/18582Arrangements for data linking, i.e. for data framing, for error recovery, for multiple access

Abstract

基于协议的帧中继地球站接口结构,提供数目相对较少的网络地球站的全网状连通。该结构的基本部件是基于协议的帧中继交换器(110),它用网络接口“帧中继”标准来定义通过单个物理通信口的多个虚端口的多路复用。通过连通控制软件的地址和控制字段,基于协议的帧中继交换器(110)能动态地配置,以提供多层寻址和设备选择的功能,从而使多个终端设备的点-点连通性(例如多个音频电路(170-1......170-N)能通过单一端口而实现。地球站侧的音频信号多路复用链路135的拨号码被转换成帧中继地址(数据链路连接标识),并被加至每一个数据帧以用于通过网络时的寻经。

Description

卫星网状网络的基于协议的 帧中继多路交换方案
一般地说,本发明涉及卫星通信系统,具体地讲,是涉及基于协议的帧中继地球站点接口,该接口为网络上的所有站点提供在多个不同带宽的未端终端设备,包括多路频(话音)线路之间进行全网双向信令的能力。
由于得到价格合理的卫星通信服务的可能性的增加和为满足通信系统用户的宽频谱要求而设计的各种窄带(话音/数据)设备和宽带(视频)设备的可能性的增加,已经导致了一种可以根据连接结构和客户效用进行选择划分的通信系统结构。这种多样化的设备类型和信号处理能力使人们希望将传统上局限于陆基系统的‘局部’区域网络(局域网),(一般局限于地理上的区域),扩展为可以包括范围远为广大的通信服务的系统,最好是包括使用卫星链路传输设备将相隔很远的办公地点的终端设备连在一起的那些通信系统。
为了方便办公室之间的通信,最好是将这样的基于卫星的系统配置为全相连的网状网络,(如图1所示),其中网络的任一终端设备10(在图示的例子中,不失一般性地由四个卫星地球站点11、12、13、14组成)通过一个直接的卫星链路20(途中经过中继卫星30的一次跳跃)与网络中所有其它终端设备10相连。以与之相关的某站点接口为端口连接的一个终端设备10和以另一个站点接口为端口连接的终端设备之间的连接可以通过为每个地球站点提供一个多路复用,多路分解的子系统来实现。该子系统可操作地控制通过外部链路来自任何终端设备(例如,音频(话音)、数据、视频设备)的上行消息,并将下行链路消息分配到预期的目标终端设备中去。
一种可采用的多路复用方案是时分多路复用(TDM)和多路分解。在该方案中,在一个固定的信息帧中为每个用户端口分配固定数目的字节,帧长(总的字节数)可以通过端口的数目、每个端口的数据传输率、以及每秒发送的帧数来确定。每秒发送的TDM帧的数目称为聚合数据传输率。集合数据率包括所有用户端口的数据速率加上成帧所用的辅助开销。
用TDM子系统为各终端设备提供接口可以通过一个与地球站点的多路复用器和多路分解器相联的专用多端口交换器来实现。每个多端口交换器都按相等数目的数据通信设备(DCE)和数据终端设备(DIE)端口进行配置,以便在DCE和DTE端口间实现全矩阵能力。端口的速率和格式(从DCE到DTE)必须匹配;然而,矩阵交换器通常也能在不同的物理和电气特性间进行转换。
这样的TDM-矩阵交换器式的地球站点结构方案带来的一个问题是,其端到端的连通性是通过专用端口的连接实现的,因此除非对系统进行物理上的重新配置,这种连通性是固定的。因此,在这样的系统中,对于话音呼叫只有很少的几种选择,因为点到点的连接只能在话音多路复用器之间实现,而在与话音多路复用器相连的话音线路本身之间,则不能实现这种连接。此外,由于没有采用排队策略,TDM方案对定时和网络同步非常敏感,所有的网络子系统都必须使用统一的主网络时钟源,并且,由于多路复用器和矩阵交换器部件是不同的厂商供货的,对每个部件需要使用不同的监控器和控制机构。又由于单工数据流的特殊性质,所需的多路复用器/多路分解器也不是一买来就能用的那种产品,这更增加了实现的困难。最后,这样的系统的价格也并不便宜,因为每个多端口交换器、多路复用器和多路分解器都必须单独购买。
按照本发明,对在数目较少的网络站点(例如,作为一个不失一般性的例子,大约16个站点,或者再少一些)之间实现全网状连通的期望可通过采用一种基于协议的帧中继地球站点接口结构成功地实现。这种结构最基本的组成部分是一个基于协议的帧中继交换器,也可以仅仅是一个普通的帧中继交换器,其中包括一个近来为多路的话音/传真应用引入的多路通信部件。这种结构还使用一种网络接口的“帧中继”标准来定义多个虚端口在一个物理通信端口上的多路数据传输。这种“帧中继”的接口标准是建立在串行通过一个端口的各信息帧或信息包的发送和接收的基础上的,每帧的数字数据都包含有附加的地址和控制字节,用于寻径、基本错误检测和流控制。
在本发明的全新地球站点环境下,帧中继交换器通过一个第一组终端口与多个“局部”终端设备联接,这些终端设备可包括各话音、数据和视频信号设备。一个话音信号链路通过一个话音信号多路复用器传输低比特率的数字化话音信号,比如那些编码速率低于10Kb/s的信号,以便在话音传输和可通过多路复用器进行有选择性地接入的多个音频信号线路之间建立接口。话音信令链路还传送一些呼叫监控信号,包括拨号音检测,拨号,占线,呼叫连接和呼叫断连等控制和状态信号。话音信号多路复用器可以将终端设备选择信息补进帧的地址字段部分,或者从帧地址字段解码得到终端设备选择信息,这些帧地址字段将由帧中继交换器进行处理。
与帧中继交换器联接的还有一条或几条与双向同步数据终端设备耦合的数据链路,其数据传输率(举个例子)大约在256Kb/s左右。帧中继交换器的一个附加端口与宽带信号链路(比如一个视频电信会议终端)耦合。这个电信会议视频信号以及与之相关的话音信号可被数字化,然后压缩到一个集合数据速率约在如112kb/s~384kb/s之间的数据流中。由于视频电信会议性能要求的带宽更宽,预期帧中继交换器的视频通信端口只是偶尔使用,且在电信会议期间可能需要关闭一个或多个其它的信道。
通过帧中继连通性控制软件使用的地址和控制字段,帧中继交换器可以动态地进行配置,以提供多层寻址和设备可选性(过滤),从而使多个终端设备的点-点连通成为可能。例如,依靠与帧中继交换的一个话音信号端口耦合的话音线路多路复用器的服务,可使多个话音线路间的连通成为可能。中继线和音频信号链路的站点一侧上的拨号码被转换为帧中继地址(数据链路连接标识),并加在每一数据帧中,用于在网络中搜寻路径。有了这层附加的寻径信息,网络中的任意两个话音终端设备就可以实现话音的连通。
在卫星链路侧,帧中继交换器与包含在调制器/解调器部件中的多个调制解调线路相连接。为了在多个地球站点网络之间提供全网连通性,调制器/解调器部件的线路包括一个单独的上行链路调制器和多个下行链路解调器。相应的调制器和解调器部件可以采用包括各种PSK调制方法的信令部件,比如BPSK/QPSK/MSK(取决于数据速率)调制解调器部件与一个附随的射频收发部件耦合,这个射频收发部件又与一个相应的卫星天线部件耦合,用于将上行链路的信道信号发送给中继卫星,以及从卫星接收下行链路的信道信号。
为了使由本发明的帧中继接口提供支持的各种终端设备(话音,数据,视频)之间的通信流得到优化,帧交换中继微控制器采用的寻径控制机制采用了优先级排队机制,该优先级排队机制为控制通过帧中继交换器的排队延迟定义了一系列的排队级别。声频帧具有最高的优先级,视频电信会议帧的优先级次之,数据帧的优先级最低。通过定义排队机制,可以使得在正常操作情况下,帧中继交换器提供的信息流量不会超过交换器外部信道的总处理能力。优先级排队对于发送帧的顺序没有实质性的影响,当加载的负载量增加或信道错误率高于既定限度时,优先级排队机制将首先减少视频电信会议的负载的压力,其次是减少话音信号负载的压力。
由于在一个全相联的网状网络中,每个地球站点都在连续地监控所有的下行链路信道,寻找可能是发给自已的信息帧,所以最好能提供一种减少信号处理量的内务操作的机制,否则就可能对不是送给本站点支持的目标终端设备的数据帧进行内务操作。帧中继交换器的端口配置参数定义了一个屏蔽位,使微控制器得以依照帧中继地址的第一字节的部分或全部决定“过滤”并且有选择地丢弃或传送某些帧。这种屏蔽特性使得从多路内部信道中传来的下行链路帧中只有那些应由本地球站点的一个或多个终端设备接收的帧被帧中继交换器接收和处理。这种预先的过滤减轻了处理的负担,也增加了通过帧中继交换器进行寻径的效率。
帧中继交换器的微控制器采用的地址和寻径的机制还在帧中继首部中插入一个可丢弃标志位,用于告知帧中继网络是否可以在拥塞期间为减轻拥塞状况而在开始就丢弃本帧。与上述的优先级排队和过滤机制相关的潜在系统拥塞的一个结果是,一个预先定义的数据链路连接标识可用于“强迫”所有使用本数据链路连接标识的帧的帧中继首部中的可丢弃标志位变为比特“1”。这种由数据链路连接标识将可丢弃标志位强置为“1”的方法,为那些本身无法把可丢弃标志位强置为“1”的终端设备所产生的帧提供了一种额外的控制方式。
图1以图解的方式描述了一个基于卫星的全相连网状通信网络,网络中任一终端设备都通过一个直接的卫星链路与网络中其它所有的终端设备相连;
图2以图解的方式描述了在本发明的实施例中,一个基于协议的帧中继地球站点接口的结构;
图3描述了一个帧中继帧的字段格式;
图4、图5和图6分别给出了图3的帧中继格式中的地址,数据链路连接标识(DLCI)和帧校验序列(FCS)域的具体细节。
在依据本发明对具体的基于协议的帧中继地球站接口进行详细描述之前,应注意到本发明主要是依照常规的(市场上能买到的)信号处理线路和部件在结构上的全新组合,而不是它的某个个别的具体配置。因此,图中这些线路和部件的结构、控制和安排都是用一种容易理解的方块图进行描述,只有与本发明有关的具体细节被表示出来了,以便使能从本说明书中获得裨益的本专业的技术人员对很容易弄明白的结构细节的公开不致于模糊不清。因此,图中的方块图式的描述不一定代表典型系统的结构布置,而主要是希望以一种普通的功能上的组合来描述系统的主要结构部件,以使本发明更易于为人理解。
现参看图2,依照本发明的实施例,基于协议的帧中继地球站点接口的结构可用图解的形式来描述,其中包括一个基于协议的帧中继交换器(或仅仅是一个帧中继交换器)110,该交换器110具有多个双向信号耦合端口和用于可控地接口各信号链路,这些链路将多个终端设备耦合到与卫星通信射频收发机相连的调制器和解调器部件。
更具体地说,帧中继交换器110具有第一多个物理设备或终端端口112,这些设备或端口112通过各自的终端设备链路,例如话音信号多路复用器链路130、多个数据链路140、150和视频链路160,分别与多个“局部”终端设备相耦合。话音信号链路130对话音信号多路复用器135接收和发送低比特率的数字化话音信号,例如,那些编码速率低于10kb/s并带有回波消除和最小排队延迟的信号进行传输。接着,话音信号多路复用器135则与一系列的话音信号线路耦合。为各种话音信号线路中的某个线路和话音信号链路130提供连接的多路复用器135的端口实际上是帧中继交换器110的虚端口,因为链路130在物理上只是与多路复用器135的一个端口相连,而不是和那些终端设备本身相连。
为了从一个相应的话音线路输入信号,多路复用器135可以有选择地将从该话音线路终端设备(例如中继线线路)产生的信号与话音信号链路130耦合起来。在将这样一个选中的话音线路多路复用到话音信号链路130的过程中,多路复用器135将作为馈送给帧中继交换器的呼叫消息信号的地址字段的一部分,提供为数据链路的连接标识信息(虚端口地址)。目标地址字段还包括了一个终端设备号码(例如,被呼叫方号码),以供目标站点的话音线路多路复用器在控制话音信号的多路分解时,可将其传送到被呼叫的终端设备。
类似地,在对一个从音频信号链路130来的由帧中继交器110提供的来话呼叫进行多路分解时,多路复用器135将对由帧中继交换器110提供的呼叫信息信号的地址部分的字段进行数据链路标识信息的解码,以便有控制地将该呼叫传到指定的终端设备。链路130同时还传送常规的呼叫监控信号,包括拨号音检测,拨号,线路忙,呼叫连接和呼叫断连控制,以及状态信号。
数据链路140和150可与双向同步数据终端设备耦合,提供大约256kb/s的数据信号传输率。视频链路160可与一个视频电信会议终端相耦合。电信会议的视频信号以及与之相关的音频信号可被数字化,然后压缩到一个集合数据速率约在112kb/s~384kb/s之间的单一数据流中。由于视频会议电话要求较宽的带宽,预期帧中继交换器的视频通信端口只是偶而使用,且在会议电话期间可能需要关闭一个或多个其它的信道。
帧中继交换器110可包括一个在市场上能买到的帧中继交换器部件,例如加拿大蒙特利尔的Teleglobe公司生产的9800型微控制器驱动的帧中继交换器。帧中继交换器使用了网路接口“帧中继”标准(例如ANSI,或是待定的CCITT标准)来定义多个虚端口在单个物理通信端口的多路复用。“帧中继”接口标准是建立在串行通过端口的各信息帧(或信息包)的发送和接收的基础上的。依照这个标准,每帧的数字数据中都包含地址和控制字节,用于寻径、基本错误检测和数据流控制。
图3描述了帧中继帧的字段格式,一个n字节的帧包括一个帧边界开始标志(字节1=01111110)一个由字节2和字节3组成的16位地址字段,一个由字节3~字节n-3组成的用户数据字段,一个由字节n-2~字节n-1组成的16位帧校验序列(FCS),以及一个帧边界结束标志(字节n=01111110)。
图2中帧中继帧的格式中占据字节2和字节3的地址字段的组成部分如图4所示,包括第一数据链路连接标识(DLCI),占据了字节2的3~8位,第2位当前未被利用,第1位为扩展地址位;第二个数据链路连接标识占据了字节3的5~8位,第4位是一个前向的(目标设备方向)显式拥塞标志位;第3位是一个后向的(源设备方向)显式拥塞标志位;第2位是可丢弃标志位(其意义将在后面说明);第1位为扩展地址位。每个数据链路连接标识的位映象由图5给出,而图6则给出了帧校验序列的位映象。
如前所述,通过帧中继连通性控制软件使用的地址和控制字段,帧中继交换器110可以动态地进行配置,以提供多层寻址和设备可选性(过滤),从而使多样的终端设备的点-点连通成为可能。例如,采用一个用于与话音信号多路复用器链路130耦合的话音线路多路复用器部件135,可以使多个音频线路170-1,......170-N的连通只通过一个端口就能实现。为此,模拟中继线或话音信号多路复用器链路130的站点侧的能够有效表示帧中继交换器虚端口地址的拨号码被转换为帧中继地址(或数据链路连接标识),该标识加在每帧的数据中,用于在网络中搜寻路径。有了这层附加的寻径信息,网络中的任意2个终端设备如中继电路就可以实现话音的连通。
在卫星链路侧,帧中继交换器110通过第二组终端端口114与包含在调制器/解调器部件120中的多个调制解调线路相连接。为了实现上述图1所示非限定性的例子中(4个地球站点)网络的全相联网状连通性,调制器/解调器(MODEM)部件120包括了一个单独的上行链路调制器210和多个(在这个4地球站点网络的例子中为3个)下行链路的解调器220,230和240。在MODEM部件120中的各调制解调器部件可以分别包括采用各种PSK调制方法的信号部件,例如,BPSK,QPSK,MSK(取决于数据传输率)。因此,帧中继交换器110可以为一个或多个与端口112耦合的终端设备,以及一个或多个与端口114耦合的MODEM部件120的调制解调器,提供信号的动态寻径。
MODEM部件120与一个附随的射频收发部件122耦合,而部件122又和一个上行/下行链路卫星天线部件124耦合。作为一个非限定性的例子,MODEM部件120的各组件可与射频收发部件122以大约70MHZ的频率进行信号上的接口,而由射频收发部件产生和接收的卫星通信信号的带宽则落在11~14.5GHZ之间。射频收发部件122可以采用时分多址存取(TDMA)或每载波单信道(SCPC)的通信格式。
为了使由本发明基于帧中继接口提供支持的各种终端设备(话音,数据,视频设备)之间的通信流得到优化,帧中继的微控制器采用的寻径控制采用了优先级排队机制,为控制通过帧中继交换器110时的排队延迟定义了多个排队级别(例如,在本例中三种终端设备信号服务(话音,数据,视频)拥有三种排队优先级别)。具体地说,话音帧(与链路140接口)具有最高的优先级;视频电话会议帧(与链路160接口)的优先级次之;数据帧(与链路150接口)的优先级最低。通过定义排队机制,可以使得在正常情况下,要求帧中继交换器110提供的信息流量不会超过交换器外部信道的总处理能力。优先级排队对于发送帧的顺序没有实质性的影响。当要求负载量增加时,或信道出错率高于既定限度时,优先级排队机制将首先减少视频电话会议负载的压力,其次是减少话音信号负载的压力。
由于在一个全相联的网状网络中,每个地球站点都在连续地监控所有的下行链路信道,寻找可能是发给自己的信息帧,所以最好是提供一种减少信号处理量的内务操作机制,原则就必须对不是送给本站点的目标终端设备的数据帧进行内务操作。因此,帧中继交换器的端口配置参数定义了一个屏蔽位,使微控制器得以依照帧中继地址的第一字节的部分或全部决定“过滤”,并且有选择地丢弃或传递某些帧。这种屏蔽特性使得从多路内部信道传来的下行链路帧中只有应由本地球站点的一个或多个终端设备接收的帧被帧中继交换器接收和处理。这种预先的过滤减轻了处理的负担,也增加了通过帧中继交换器进行寻径的效率。
帧中继交换器的微控制器采用的地址和寻径的机制还在帧中继头中插入了一个前面提到的可丢弃标志(DE)位,(在图4中地址字段的第2字节),用于告诉帧中继网络是否可以在拥塞初期为减轻拥塞状况丢弃本帧。也就是说,在试图减轻拥塞状况时,任何可丢弃标志位为“1”的帧将被丢弃。由于与上述的优先级排队和过滤机制相关的潜在系统拥塞,一个预先定义的数据链路连接标识可能会强迫所有使用该数据链路连接标识的帧的帧中继头中的可丢弃标志位变为比特“1”。这种由数据链路连接标识将可丢弃标志位强置为“1”的方法,为那些由本身无法将可丢弃标志位置为“1”的终端设备所产生的帧,提供了一种额外的控制方式。
由前面所述可以理解,本发明基于帧中继的地球站点接口结构提供了一种在较少数目的卫星地面网络站点之间成功地实现全网状连通性的机制。这种机制是有优势的,因为该结构的基本构件是一个采用了网络接口“帧中继”标准来定义多个虚端口在单个物理端口上的多路复用的帧中继交换器。因此,通过它的连通性控制软件的地址和控制字段,帧中继交换器可以按多层寻址和设备选择进行动态配置,从而实现多个终端设备的点-点的连通性。例如,通过单个端口实现多条话音线路的点-点连通。一个话音信号多路复用器链路的站点侧的拨号码被转换为帧中继地址(数据链路连接标识),加在每帧的数据中,用于网络中的寻径。通过这种额外的寻径信息层,可以在网络中任何二条话音线路(例如中继线)之间实现话音的连通性。
虽然已经按照本发明表示和说明了一个实施例,但应该理解为,本发明并不局限于此,而是有可能做出多种为本专业的技术人员所公知的改变和改进。因此,并不希望本发明局限于本说明书所展示和描述的细节,而是试图覆盖所有这种对有本专业普通技术人员是显然易见的改变和改进。

Claims (20)

1、一种用于通过一个通信卫星,各个被耦合到相连的地球站的各终端设备提供全网连通性的卫星通信网络,在各个地球站中包括:
一个收发机部件,该部件可操作地用于通过与所述通信卫星相连的上行链路信道发送消息,这些消息被所述通信卫星通过下行链路信道广播至上述网络的各个地球站点,该部件可操作地经由与所述卫星相连的各下行链路信道接收通过所述下行链路信道广播至上述网络的各个地球站点的消息;
一个调制器/解调器部件,该部件与所述收发器耦合和用于按照一种预先确定的用于由所述收发机部件通过所述上行链路信道传输的规定调制格式,可操作地调制由一个或多个耦合到所述地球站的终端设备提供的上行链路消息,和解调来自通信卫星由所述收发机部件接收的下行链路方向的消息和区别提供给与所述地球站相耦合的一个或多个终端设备;和
一个基于协议的帧中继交换器,该交换器具有多个耦合到各通信链路的物理终端设备端口,用于到和从适用于所述地球站的上行链路/下行链路接口消息,和多个耦合到所述调制器/解调器部件的上行链路/下行链路端口,所述基于协议的交换器被操作为可控地连接与所述各物理终端设备端口的至少一个相连的多个虚端口中所选中的一个到所述各上行链路/下行链路通信端口的所选中的一个上,和从而连接来自能够具有耦合到所述多个虚端口之一的一个通信路径的任何终端设备上行链路方向的消息到所述多个上行链路/下行链路端口的一个上行链路端,和可控地连接耦合到所述多个上行链路/下行链路端口的下行链路方向的消息到所述各虚端口的任何一个选中的端。
2、按权利要求1所述的卫星通信网络,其中所述多个物理终端设备端口中的一个与一个终端设备多路复用器耦合,该多路复用器可控地在与所述地球站点的多个终端设备相耦合的多个虚端口和所述多个物理终端设备端口之中所述的一个之间提供信号接口。
3、按权利要求1所述的卫星通信系统,其中所述多个物理终端设备端口中的一个与一个话音信号线路多路复用器耦合,该话音信号线路多路复用器可控地在与所述地球站点的话音线路设备耦合的多个虚端口和所述多个物理终端设备端口中所述的一个之间提供话音信号接口。
4、按权利要求1所述的卫星通信网络,其中所述调制器/解调器部件包括一个单独的上行链路调制器和多个下行链路解调器。
5、按权利要求1所述的卫星通信网络,其中所述终端设备包括各自的话音、数据和视频信令设备。
6、按权利要求1所述的卫星通信网络,基中所述基于协议的帧中继交换器依照多个排队级别来对消息信号进行寻径,所述排队级别分别与消息信号的不同类型相关。
7、按权利要求6所述的卫星通信网络,其中所述的终端设备包含各话音、数据、视频信令设备,且所述基于协议的帧中继交换器进行消息信号的寻径,使得话音帧具有最高的优先级,视频电话会议帧具有次高的优先级,而数据帧具有最低的优先级。
8、按权利要求6所述的卫星通信网络,其中所述基于协议的帧中继交换器的端口配置参数中定义了一个帧寻径控制码,可操作地用于依照帧中继地址中一个预先定义好的部分有选择地丢弃或传递某些帧。
9、按权利要求8所述的卫星通信网络,其中定义所述寻径控制码的基于协议的帧中继交换器的所述端口配置参数是基于帧中继地址的第一个字节的内容。
10、按权利要求6所述的卫星通信网络,其中与被所述的帧中继协议交换器处理的预先定义好的帧地址相关的帧包括一个帧中继首部,该首部中有一个可丢弃标志码,该可丢弃标志码在试图减轻拥塞状况时使所述对应的帧在一开始时就被丢弃。
11、供具有一个通信卫星和多个地球站,每个地球站耦合到多个终端设备的卫星通信网络使用的,在所述网络的任何两个终端站之间提供全网连通性的一种方法,该方法包括以下步骤:
(a)在每个所述地球站设置,
一个收发机部件,该部件可操作地经由上行链路通信信道向所述通信卫星发送由所述通信卫星通过各下行链路通信信道向所述网络的每个地球站进行广播的消息,和该部件可操作地经由相应的下行链路通信信道接收来自所述通信卫星由所述通信信道通过所述下行链路通信信道向所述网路的各地球站广播的消息;
一个调制器/解调器部件,该部件耦合到所述收发机部件和按照用于通过所述上行链路信道由所述收发机部件进行发送的一种规定调制格式,可操作地由一个或多个与所述地球站相耦合的终端设备提供的上行链路方向的消息,和解调由所述收发机部件从所述通信卫星接收的下行链路方向的消息和指定送给耦合到所述地球站的一个或多个终端设备;和
一个基于协议的帧中继交换器,该交换器具有多个耦合到各通信链路的物理终端设备端口,用于接口消息到和从为所述地球站所利用的各终端设备,和多个耦合到所述调制器/解调器单元的上行链路/下行链路端口;
(b)在发出一个来自相连的主叫终端设备的消息的第一地球站中,使所述第一地球站的基于协议的帧中继交换器将与至少一个所述物理终端设备的端口相连的多个虚端口中所选中的一个连接到所述各上行链路/下行链路通信端口中的选中的一个,和因此将来自所述主叫终端设备的上行链路方向的消息信号连接到所述多个上行链路/下行链路端口中的一个上行链路端口;和
(c)在一个终结一个消息到相连的目标终端设备的第二地球站中,使所述第二地球站的基于协议的帧中继交换器可控地将耦合到所述多个上行链路/下行链路的各端口的一个下行链路端口连接到所述目标终端设备耦合到的一个选中的虚端口。
12、按权利要求11所述的方法,其中所述多个物理终端设备端口中的一个与一个终端设备多路复用器耦合,该多路复用器可操作地控制在与所述地球站点的多个终端设备耦合的多个虚端口和所述多个物理终端设备端口之中的一个物理设备端口之间的信号接口。
13、按权利要求11所述的方法,其中所述多个物理终端设备端口中的一个与一个音频信号线路多路复用器耦合,该音频信号线路多路复用器可操作地控制在与所述地球站点的话音线路设备耦合的多个虚端口和所述多个物理终端设备端口中所述的一个之间的话音信号接口。
14、按权利要求11所述的方法,其中所述调制器/解调器部件包括一个单独的上行链路调制器和多个下行链路解调器。
15、按权利要求11所述的方法,其中所述终端设备包括各话音、数据和视频设备。
16、按权利要求11所述的方法,其中步骤(b)包括使得所述基于协议的帧中继交换器依照多个排队级别来对消息信号进行寻径,所述排队级别分别与消息信号的不同类型有关。
17、按权利要求16所述的方法,其中所述终端设备包含各话音、数据和视频信令设备,且步骤(b)包括使得所述基于协议的帧中继交换器进行消息信号的寻径,其中话音帧具有最高的优先级,视频电话会议帧具有次高的优先级,而数据帧具有最低的优先级。
18、按权利要求16所述的方法,其中所述基于协议的帧中继交换器的端口配置参数定义了一个帧寻址控制码,且步骤(c)中包括使得所述基于协议的帧中继交换器依照所述帧寻径控制码有选择地丢弃或传递某些帧。
19、按权利要求18所述的方法,其中定义所述帧寻径控制码的基于协议的帧中继交换器的所述端口配置参数是以帧中继地址的第一个字节的内容为依据的。
20、按权利要求16所述的方法,其中与一个被所述帧中继协议交换器处理的预先定义好的帧地址相关的帧包括一个帧中继首部,该首部中有一个可丢弃标志码,在试图减轻拥塞状况时所述基于协议的帧中继交换器根据该可丢弃标志码使所述对应的帧在一开始就被丢弃。
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CZ337695A3 (en) 1996-07-17
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US6381227B1 (en) 2002-04-30
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NO955151L (no) 1996-02-09
US5434850A (en) 1995-07-18
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EP0705503A1 (en) 1996-04-10
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