CN1184801C - 接收视频节目的方法,用于接收和再现视频节目的设备 - Google Patents
接收视频节目的方法,用于接收和再现视频节目的设备 Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N5/00—Details of television systems
- H04N5/44—Receiver circuitry for the reception of television signals according to analogue transmission standards
- H04N5/4448—Receiver circuitry for the reception of television signals according to analogue transmission standards for frame-grabbing
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/40—Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
- H04N21/43—Processing of content or additional data, e.g. demultiplexing additional data from a digital video stream; Elementary client operations, e.g. monitoring of home network or synchronising decoder's clock; Client middleware
- H04N21/433—Content storage operation, e.g. storage operation in response to a pause request, caching operations
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
- H04N21/25—Management operations performed by the server for facilitating the content distribution or administrating data related to end-users or client devices, e.g. end-user or client device authentication, learning user preferences for recommending movies
- H04N21/262—Content or additional data distribution scheduling, e.g. sending additional data at off-peak times, updating software modules, calculating the carousel transmission frequency, delaying a video stream transmission, generating play-lists
- H04N21/26275—Content or additional data distribution scheduling, e.g. sending additional data at off-peak times, updating software modules, calculating the carousel transmission frequency, delaying a video stream transmission, generating play-lists for distributing content or additional data in a staggered manner, e.g. repeating movies on different channels in a time-staggered manner in a near video on demand system
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/40—Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
- H04N21/41—Structure of client; Structure of client peripherals
- H04N21/426—Internal components of the client ; Characteristics thereof
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/40—Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
- H04N21/43—Processing of content or additional data, e.g. demultiplexing additional data from a digital video stream; Elementary client operations, e.g. monitoring of home network or synchronising decoder's clock; Client middleware
- H04N21/433—Content storage operation, e.g. storage operation in response to a pause request, caching operations
- H04N21/4333—Processing operations in response to a pause request
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/40—Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
- H04N21/47—End-user applications
- H04N21/472—End-user interface for requesting content, additional data or services; End-user interface for interacting with content, e.g. for content reservation or setting reminders, for requesting event notification, for manipulating displayed content
- H04N21/47208—End-user interface for requesting content, additional data or services; End-user interface for interacting with content, e.g. for content reservation or setting reminders, for requesting event notification, for manipulating displayed content for requesting near-video-on-demand content
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/40—Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
- H04N21/47—End-user applications
- H04N21/472—End-user interface for requesting content, additional data or services; End-user interface for interacting with content, e.g. for content reservation or setting reminders, for requesting event notification, for manipulating displayed content
- H04N21/47211—End-user interface for requesting content, additional data or services; End-user interface for interacting with content, e.g. for content reservation or setting reminders, for requesting event notification, for manipulating displayed content for requesting pay-per-view content
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N5/00—Details of television systems
- H04N5/44—Receiver circuitry for the reception of television signals according to analogue transmission standards
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N7/00—Television systems
- H04N7/16—Analogue secrecy systems; Analogue subscription systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N7/00—Television systems
- H04N7/16—Analogue secrecy systems; Analogue subscription systems
- H04N7/173—Analogue secrecy systems; Analogue subscription systems with two-way working, e.g. subscriber sending a programme selection signal
- H04N7/17309—Transmission or handling of upstream communications
Abstract
视频信号接收机接收同时载有一个视频节目并且相互偏移一个发送间隔的多个视频频道,从中选择一个频道以获得向用户显示的节目,并通过把视频节目的一个等于发送间隔长度的段暂存和在稍后时间在同一个或另一个频道上获得节目的剩余部分,在发送视频节目的显示过程中实现一个暂停功能。
Description
本案是申请日为1995年8月31日、申请号为95116361.2、发明名称为“近即时视频信号接收机”的发明专利申请的分案申请。
技术领域
本发明涉及到一种用于近即时视频(near video-on-demand)广播系统的视频信号接收机。
背景技术
一般来说,视频节目通过各种不同的传播系统被提供给用户。在一种这样的系统中,视频节目被记录在销售或租借给用户的单独的视频盒带(或视盘)上。用户可在其自己选定的时间来观看所记录的视频节目,并且在任一时刻中止(或暂停)视频节目的再现达任意长的时间。但是这种系统的一个主要缺点就是发行者很难有效控制由于盘或盒带的二次销售或将视频节目复制到其它的盒带上而导致的向其它用户传播该视频节目。因此,发行人就不能获得与视频节目的每次再现相关的版税付款。
在诸如有线电视传播系统的电视发送系统中,有线电视工作者提供一种每次收看付费的服务,其中,用户可以点播一个特定的视频节目,以在其预定播放时间进行观看。通常,想看的节目每天都要播放一次或数次,并且在某些系统中以一个顺序间隔进行重复播放。在收取了用户给定费用之后,有线电视工作者启动该用户的可单独寻址有线电视译码箱,对所点播的节目译码以进行常规接收和显示。由于不使用记录设备,用户对视频节目的观看仅仅限于播放节目的一个特定的时间间隔内。更经常的是,该特定节目的广播时刻表与用户自己的日程相互不一致。另外,由于没有用于暂停或其它中断视频节目显示的装置,用户不得不坐在那里观看整个节目,因此需要方便对不连续间隔内的节目进行观看、并在节目显示期间适应诸如电话呼叫等的中断的特性。
应用了有效数据压缩技术的卫星广播数字视频信号发送能力的引入使得在相同带宽内的一系列视频节目信号可以作为一个单一的广播模拟视频信号而进行数字发送。这种技术被溶合进“近即时视频”服务,亦称之为“时间间隔发送系统”之中。在这种系统中,通过利用在每个节目播放开始时间之间的一个很短的间隔在多个频道上播放一个单一的视频节目。例如,通过利用每个频道开始播放时间相对于相邻频道偏移15分钟的方式在七个相连续的频道上播放一个两小时的电影,那么,每15分钟就可以在多个频道中的一个频道上有效获得一次电影的开头。由此,通过在多个频道上以一个预定的时间间隔发送相同的节目,在点播和观看预定的广播视频节目之间用户所等待的最大时间等于频道之间的播放间隔。通过定义,这个播放间隔大大短于每次观看收费电视系统中在一个单一频道上一个节目两次连续播放之间的周期。
另外,近即时视频服务可以利用其它的数据压缩技术以使发送一个视频节目所需的时间减少到节目实际运行时间的几分之一。由于减少了一个节目的发送时间,所以可以使用更少的频道以连续的间隔发送该节目和/或减少频道之间的发送间隔。
但是,近即时视频系统仍然存在有一个缺点,那就是它不能够提供允许用户使视频节目的播出中断一段时间的“暂停”功能。作为一种并不好的选择,可作如下考虑,通过扫描载有该节目的其它频道,以找到观看者所记得的在中断之前的节目的那一段,观看者可以尝试手动暂停功能。假定选择了一个适当的频道,必须被观看两次(即重叠)的节目量将取决于观看中断的持续时间,并且这个量应不大于播放之间的间隔。显然,这不是一个最佳的解决方法。
该近即时视频系统的另一个缺点是在用户点播一个节目和用户可以看到这个节目之间的可变延迟。类似于上面所述,该可变延迟将不大于播放间隔。当然,该固有延迟使得这种系统与能够立即显示所需视频节目的即时视频系统相比不够方便。
发明内容
本发明的一个目的就是要提供一种近即时视频信号接收机,这种接收机从一个时间间隔发送系统中接收视频信号,但是立即显示所需视频节目,这种接收机特别像一个即时视频接收机。
本发明的另一个目的就是要提供一种近即时视频信号接收机,用于从以预定间隔载有一个视频节目的多个频道中选择一个在其上节目的一特定段已经被发送了的频道。
本发明的再一个目的就是要提供一种近即时视频信号接收机,用于缓冲由广播电台所发送的视频信号的显示,以适应用户的观看时间。
本发明的再一个目的就是要提供一种近即时视频信号接收机,它能够暂停由广播电台所发送的视频节目的显示,并且可以在无任何附加延时的情况下从那个点重新开始节目。
本发明的再一个目的就是要提供一种近即时视频信号接收机,用于显示一系列视频节目的预告,并在用户对节目进行了选择后,立即显示所述视频节目之一。
根据本发明的思想,提供了一种视频信号接收机,用于接收同时载有一个单一视频节目、并且在一个频道上节目的每次发送相对于其它频道上节目的发送偏移一个时间间隔的多个视频频道。该接收机包括一个存贮装置,用于存贮视频信号并用于同时进行将存贮的视频信号的接收和再现的视频信号的提供;该接收机还包括一个耦接到存贮装置的频道选择装置,该选择装置选择一个视频频道,并将它提供给存贮装置和一个显示装置;还包括一个用于接收来自用户命令的用户输入装置;以及一个用于接收来自用户输入装置的命令并产生用于控制存贮装置和频道选择装置的控制信号的控制装置。频道选择装置把所选择的视频信号频道提供给显示装置,并响应一个暂停命令,将所选择的频道提供给存贮装置。存贮装置把所选择频道的视频信号作为一个存贮段加以存贮。存贮装置响应一个恢复命令再现存贮段的视频信号。
根据本发明的思想,提供了一种接收视频节目的方法,包括步骤:
在视频频道上预记录视频节目的一部分,该部分视频节目在同时广播的频道之间的偏移时间中被广播;
选择同时广播频道中的一个频道;
接收所选择的同时广播频道上的视频节目;和
响应选择和接收步骤,再现预记录的该部分视频节目。
根据本发明的思想,还提供了一种接收视频节目的方法,包括步骤:
在硬盘驱动器上预记录视频频道上的视频节目的一步骤;
选择同时广播频道的一个频道;
在所选择的同时广播的频道上接收视频节目;
在硬盘上记录所接收的视频节目;和
在所有的预记录视频信号被再现之后,响应选择步骤和硬盘驱动器上记录的视频节目,再现该记录的视频节目部分,其中
再现步骤无缝再现该预记录的视频信号部分和该记录的视频节目。
根据本发明的思想,还提供了一种用于接收和再现视频节目的设备,该设备包括:
记录装置,用于预记录视频节目的一部分,该部分视频节目在同时广播的频道之间的偏移时间中被广播,该偏移时间是当在第一频道上开始该视频节目的第一时间和当在第二频道上开始该视频节目的第二时间之间相差的时间;还用于记录由接收装置接收到的视频节目;
选择装置,用于选择同时广播频道中的一个频道;
接收装置,用于接收所选择的同时广播频道上的视频节目;和
再现装置,用于响应选择该同时广播频道之一,再现该预记录的视频节目部分,并用于在所有的预记录的视频信号被再现以无缝地产生一再现视频信号之后再现该被记录的视频节目。
附图说明
本发明的上述和其它的目的、特征和优点通过下面结合附图对最佳实施例的详述将变得更加明显。在附图中,相同的构件注以相同的标号。在附图中,元件之间连接线上的箭头帮助展示本发明的基本功能,并不表示其单向信号流程。
图1的方框图示出了依据本发明一个实施例的近即时视频信号接收机;
图2A和2B是两个时序图,用以作为参考来解释图1所示信号接收机的一种操作模式;
图3A和3B是两个时序图,用以作为参考来解释图1所示信号接收机的另一种操作模式;
图4A和4B是两个时序图,用以作为参考来解释图1所示信号接收机再一种操作模式;
图5的方框图示出了依据本发明另一实施例的近即时视频信号接收机;
图6A-6C简要示出了图5所示信号接收机所使用的磁带记录格式;和
图7是一个时序图,用以作为参考来解释图5所示信号接收机的一种操作模式。
具体实施方式
在图1中,示出了一种依据本发明的近即时视频信号接收机。该视频信号接收机包括调谐器101、解调器102、误差校正电路103、多路分配器104、开关105、译码器108、用户接口106、微机109、节目选择器110和缓冲存贮装置12。利用缓冲存贮装置12存贮一个或多个视频节目的某些部分,所述接收机接收、译码和有选择地显示由一个广播电台所提供的视频信号。通过存贮所选择视频节目的一部分,接收机可以在等待或接收由广播电台发送的节目后续部分的同时显示该节目已被存贮的部分。
调谐器101接收输入数字视频信号,选择特定的视频信号,并将所选择的信号提供给解调器102。输入数字视频信号最好是通过耦接在调谐器101上的卫星天线(未示出)获得的卫星广播数字视频信号。另外,输入数字视频信号也可以是由诸如陆基广播系统、有线电视系统、光纤网络等一些其它发送媒介中的任一种提供的。
解调器102对视频信号进行解调,并将解调后的信号提供给误差校正电路103,该校正电路103对在信号传送期间所引入的误差进行校正。校正后的信号被提供给节目选择器110和多路分配器104,多路分配器104响应来自微机109的控制信号选择多个校正后的信号之一提供给开关105的一个输入端。与多路分配器104相似,节目选择器110响应来自微机109的控制信号,从多个校正后的信号中选择一个提供给缓冲存贮装置12。设想节目选择器110还可包括一个单独的专用控制模块以减少加载到微机的处理量。
由微机109所控制的开关105的两个输入端之一被耦接到与译码器108相连的它自己的单一信号输出端上。如已公知,视频信号通常都要被压缩或编码以利于通过传送媒介对其进行传送。译码器108对这种编码后的数字视频信号进行译码,以产生用于在一个视频显示器(未示出)上进行显示的未编码的数字信号。译码器108最好适用于对根据移动图象编码专家组(MPEG)标准进行编码的数字视频信号进行译码。
当用户通过一个可以包括一个键盘、鼠标和用户操作开关等在内的接口提供一个输入功能时,用户接口106产生用户输入信号。该用户输入信号被提供给微机109,以控制它的操作。
缓冲存贮装置12最好包括一个硬盘驱动系统,但是也可以是一个半导体存贮器、一个视频磁带系统或一个可写光盘等。如所示,缓冲存贮装置12包括一个记录处理器13、一个播放(或再现)处理器17、二个缓冲存贮器14和16、硬盘驱动器15和读/写控制器18。记录处理器13、缓冲存贮器14和盘驱动器15中的每一个都被耦接到读/写控制器18上并受其控制。播放处理器17和缓冲存贮器16也作类似的连接并受控。
最后,硬盘驱动器15具有带有典型读出和写入功能的传统结构。尽管如此,最好优先使用能够同时读出和写入数据的硬盘或其它存贮装置(即带有相互分离的读出磁头和写入磁头的硬盘驱动器)来取代传统的硬盘驱动器,以减少缓冲存贮器14和16所需存贮容量的数量。
记录处理器13把通过节目选择器110所提供的输入视频信号转换成适于在硬盘上进行记录的适当的数据格式。在反向操作中,播放处理器17把从硬盘15中再现的数据转换成将要提供给开关105另一输入端的视频信号。位于记录处理器13和盘驱动器15之间的缓冲存贮器14接收和暂存由处理器处理过的数据,以在写操作期间将这些数据提供给硬盘。类似地,位于硬盘驱动器15和播放处理器17之间的缓冲存贮器16暂存在读操作期间从硬盘再现的数据以提供给播放处理器。读/写控制器18在同时分别从和向处理器13和17接收数据和提供数据时,监视和控制缓冲存贮器14、16及盘驱动器15的操作,以在时分的基础上对盘进行数据的读出和写入操作。
可以是由诸如Intel公司制造的传统微机的微机109从用户接口106接收用户输入信号,并产生用于控制和同步多路分配器104、开关105、节目选择器110和读/写控制器18操作的控制信号。如下面将要详述的,微机109控制接收机的这些构件不间断地进行接收和处理,以显示所传送的视频节目,并提供一个可立即恢复的暂停功能。微机109通过多路分配器104,或节目选择器110或通过与误差校正电路103的任意直接连接来监视所接收的视频信号。
在第一种操作模式下,用户输入一个请求给用户接口106,进行一个特定视频节目的接收和显示。例如,用户可以从由微机产生并在显示器上显示的节目交互目录中选择一个节目。用户接口106产生与请求相对应的用户输入信号并将该信号提供给微机109。微机109控制多路分配器104去选择紧接着开始发送所请求节目的一个频道。由于每个近即时视频频道连续的重复播放该节目,所以,正在发送节目最后一段的频道通常将是紧接着开始所请求节目另一次发送的一个频道。
对于本专业的技术人员很明显,紧接着开始所要求节目发送的频道可用多种传统的方法加以规定。例如,可以利用微机来检测在节目最后段期间插入到视频信号之中的节目结束信号。另外,微机109可以检索用以表示节目运行时间并嵌入在视频信号中的时间代码,并将之与预计的节目运行时间加以比较。设想利用微机109可以执行与此相类似的其它方法。
调谐器101接收一个或多个载有所请求节目的频道的视频信号并将该信号提供给解调器102。信号被解调器102解调并接着由误差校正电路103进行误差校正。多路分配器104把紧接着开始发送所请求节目的频道的视频信号提供给开关105的一个输入端。微机109控制开关105将信号传输给译码器108。译码器108对该信号进行译码,并将译码后的信号提供给一个显示装置(未示出),以进行常规的视频处理并显示给用户。由于如上所述所请求的节目是以一个预定的时间间隔重复播放的,所以,在被请求的节目能够被显示之前,观看者一般要等待一段时间。
下面将结合图2A和2B来解释本发明的暂停功能。图2A和2B示出了在时间间隔发送系统中多个频道的时序。图2A示出了载有2个小时时间特定视频节目的7个频道CH1-CH7。每次节目发送的开始和结束分别用字母“a”和“b”表示,并用注脚规定特定的播放段。每个节目传送的中间位用字母“c”、“d”和“e”来表示,并用注脚规定特定的播放段。
如图所示,每17分钟节目开始播放一次并连续地持续下去。由此,用户等待节目再次播放的时间不超过17分钟。对应的,硬盘驱动器15的存贮容量至少足以能够存贮17分钟的经过处理的视频信号。
图2B利用不同的时间刻度放大表示了图2A的时序图的一部分。
例如假定,用户要求接收一个节目并在时间T1加以显示。如所示,时间T1是CH3上节目传送的第12分钟并是CH4上节目发送开始的5分钟之前的一个时间点。根据如上所述的处理,接收机进行接收和处理,以显示在CH4上时间a4处开始的节目。这里接收和处理一直持续,直到用户在与时间c4对应的时间T2向用户接口106输入一个暂停命令为止,用户接口106将命令转达给微机109。
微机109控制节目选择器110选择CH4,并提供给记录处理器13,并使得读/写控制器18指令记录处理器13、缓冲器14和盘驱动器15在盘上记录(写)CH4的视频信号。在暂停期间,可以继续显示视频信号,可以接收和显示其它的节目,或者可以利用微机产生暂停图形画面并加以显示。一旦记录时间等于播放间隔(即17分钟),微机109控制读/写控制器18在时间d4停止在盘上记录来自CH4的视频信号(d-c=17分钟)。
在稍后的T3时间处,用户输入一个恢复命令给用户接口106,结束暂停并恢复视频节目的显示。响应由用户接口106产生的相应用户输入信号,微机109控制读/写控制器18使硬盘15再现(读出)数据以提供给缓冲器16。此外,微机109控制开关105以使播放处理器17和译码器108相互耦接,盘驱动器15根据与在时间c4和d4之间记录的节目那一段相对应的盘数据进行再现。利用播放处理器17将再现的数据转换成适当的视频信号并通过开关105提供给译码器108。如上所述,译码器108对视频信号进行译码,并输出译码后的信号以备在必要时作进一步处理,并且显示。
与所记录的视频数据被再现的同时,微机109和/或节目选择器110从CH1-CH7中选择一个频道,该频道将跟着发送节目开始后(d-a)分钟发生的节目的那一段,(即在节目内的位置d或恰好在其之前的视频信号)。对于本专业技术领域内的技术人员很明显,利用不同的方法可以选择适当的频道。为了说明,下面将描述两种这样的方法。
根据一种方法,假定,每个节目的视频信号都包含有一系列的用于表示已经过的节目运行时间的时间代码。在时间d4,微机109存贮在那个特定瞬间从视频信号中检索的一个时间代码。在时间T3,微机109扫描CH1-CH7的视频信号,以找到与所存贮时间代码最接近并位于其前面的时间代码。监视那个频道,直到检测出一个与所存贮时间代码相等的时间代码为止,在那个时间代码的时刻,控制节目选择器110把该频道提供给记录处理器13。
根据另一方法,假定频道之间的播放间隔保持一个恒定值。考虑到恒定的播放间隔、载有节目的频道的数量、频道间播放间隔的配置以及时间T2、T3、a4、c4和d4,可以利用一般算法去确定哪一个频道将是下一个发送在节目开始后(d-a)分钟发生的节目段的频道。利用类似的方式,还能够确定在那个段被发送之前的一段时间。微机109进行必要的计算,以确定哪一个频道是紧接着载有该节目段的频道,并确定在该段发送进行之前的时间长度。在要求该段发送的时刻,控制节目选择器110以把该频道提供给记录处理器13。
还可以设想在每种方法中微机109的功能可由节目选择器110来执行。与该方法无关,微机109控制读/写控制器18以使得记录处理器13、缓冲器14和盘驱动器15记录由节目选择器110提供的信号。在本例中,CH5被规定为下一个发送所感兴趣节目段的频道,时间d5被规定为CH5将要载有该节目段的时间点。
总之,在时间T3从硬盘开始读出从c到d的节目段并加以显示。然后,在时间d5,来自CH5的节目段d到b被写入硬盘。一旦从盘中读出了段c到d,盘就读节目段d到b。缓冲器14和16用于暂存数据以使在视频信号接收、存贮和再现过程中所固有的不同数据速率相互兼容。由于从盘中读出数据或向盘写入数据需要有限数量的时间,所以缓冲器14和16也暂存数据,以允许盘驱动器15在记录和再现数据两功能之间实行时分处理。利用这种方式,接收机连续地提供节目段c到b以用于显示。由此,观看者可以暂停所播放视频节目的显示并可随后无延时地恢复显示。
作为一个附加选择,当在皙停操作之后恢复视频节目显示时,首先显示的是一个恰恰在要求暂停点之前的节目的一个短段。这个短段的显示用于恢复观看者对节目在先部分的记忆。这个短段可以存贮在缓冲器14、缓冲器16之内、硬盘15上或者在一个附加的“重叠”缓冲器中。对于本专业技术领域的一个技术人员而言很明显,这个短段可以与将被显示的段同时存贮或者是从其它载有这个节目的频道中连续查找而得到。
下面结合图3A和3B来解释暂停时间短于播放间隔的比较简单的情况。如图所示,在用户提出请求以后,从时间a4开始的来自CH4的视频信号由接收机提供给显示器。在时间T4,用户向用户接口106输入一个暂停命令。用户接口106产生一个相应的用户输入信号并提供给微机109。节目显示以如上所述的一种方式在时间c4被暂停。在同一时刻,微机109控制节目选择器110提供CH4的视频信号给记录处理器13,并控制读/写控制器18,使这些视频信号被记录在硬盘15上。
在时间T5,用户向用户接口106输入一个恢复命令,以结束暂停和恢复视频节目的显示。如所示,暂停时间(T5-T4)少于频道间的发送间隔(a5-a4)。响应由用户接口106所产生的相应的用户输入信号,微机109控制读/写控制器18使盘驱动器15再现(读出)数据以提供给缓冲器16。另外,微机109还控制开关105以使播放处理器17和译码器108相互耦接。盘驱动器15根据与在时间c4之后所记录的那段节目相对应的盘数据进行再现。播放处理器17将再现后的数据转换成适当的视频信号,并通过开关105提供给译码器108。如上所述,译码器108对该视频信号进行译码,并输出译码后信号,以便在必要时作进一步处理,并且显示。
在此期间,盘驱动器15继续记录(写入)相应于从CH4接收的视频信号数据。其结果,从位置c开始恢复视频节目的显示,并不间断地持续到b。由此,缓冲存贮器装置用于延迟后面所接收节目段的显示,延迟时间量等于暂停时间。利用这种方式可以处理连续的附加暂停操作。但是,一旦暂停时间的和超过了硬盘的存贮容量,就会执行根据图2A和2B所描述的暂停操作。
根据本发明的另一种操作模式,近即时视频信号接收机在缓冲存贮装置中预先存贮想看的视频节目的第一段。当用户要求接收和显示该视频节目时,接收机在载有该节目的频道中扫描节目的剩余段的同时,立即再现和显示该预先存贮的段。一旦获得了所发送的剩余段,就会以上述方式接收、存贮、再现和显示相应的视频信号,以连续地向用户展示整个视频节目。
很明显,可以利用各种不同的方法实现一个视频节目第一段的预先存贮。例如,微机可以在一个预定时间自动启动广播信号中该节目段的记录。或者,第一段可以通过一个独立的存贮装置,如一个可拆卸的耦接到该装置的盒式磁带机提供给缓冲存贮装置12。作为另一种替代办法,用户可以命令把不同节目的一个或多个最初段预先加以记录,以待日后观看这些节目之一。不考虑所使用的确切方法,应当注意,在时间间隔发送系统中,预先记录段的时间至少应当与载有该节目的频道间的播放间隔相同。
下面参照图4A和4B来描述利用图1所示的近即时视频信号接收机的直接依据用户请求的视频节目的装置。下面解释的前提是假设在硬盘15内已经预先存贮了视频节目的第一段,即a到e。在时间T6,用户通过用户接口106请求接收和显示一个特定的视频节目。用户接口106产生多个与请求相对应的用户输入信号,并提供给微机109。微机109控制开关105使播放处理器17和译码器108相互耦接,并控制读/写控制器18以使盘驱动器15再现预先记录的节目段。如上所述,再现后的数据被缓存、转换、处理并显示给用户。
同时,微机109和/或节目选择器110从CH1-CH7中选择一个频道,该频道将是紧接着将发送该节目开始后(e-a)分钟进行的节目段的频道。示范性的选择方法已在前面描述过。如所示,CH3是发送从位置e开始的节目段的下一个频道。在时间e3,控制节目选择器110以把CH3上所载有的视频信号提供给记录处理器13。读/写控制器18响应来自微机109的控制信号使盘驱动器15记录(写入)输入视频信号。
尽管如此,与上述操作相似,所述盘驱动器15在记录从CH3接收的视频信号的同时,继续再现所存贮的视频信号。一旦将预先存贮的视频信号再现完毕,盘驱动器就要再现与从CH3接收的视频信号相对应的存贮数据。由此,就可以在毫无延迟的情况下产生整个视频节目的连续显示。
在另一种操作模式中,硬盘15被预先存贮有一定数量可从近即时视频信号提供装置获得的节目预告剪辑。用户通过向用户接口106输入一个相应的命令以使得微机109简单地启动存贮于硬盘15上数据的再现,可以对这些预告剪辑进行存取。如上所述,这些预告剪辑被再现并显示给用户。
图5示出了依据本发明的近即时视频接收机的第二实施例。第二实施例的接收机包含有如前述图1所示接收机的很多构件,并且还包括有开关20和21,节目选择器23和25及数字视频磁带记录器(VTR)30。这些增加构件中的每一个都被耦接到微机26上并受其控制。除非另有指示,耦接到微机26上的接收机的这些构件是由该微机单独控制的。调谐器101、解调器102、误差校正电路103、多路分配器104、用户接口106、译码器108和缓冲存贮装置12的构成和操作与前述基本相同。
VTR30最好由一个数字视频磁带记录和再现系统组成,但也可以是由一个半导体存贮器、一个盘驱动系统、一个可写光盘等组成。如所示,VTR30包括一个记录处理器31、一个播放(或再现)处理器34、一个数字视频磁带记录/再现装置33和一个读/写控制器35。记录处理器31将通过节目选择器25所提供的输入视频信号转换成适于在视频磁带上进行记录的数据格式。在反向操作过程中,播放处理器34将从视频磁带上所再现的数据转换成视频信号并提供给节目选择器23。
装置33被耦接到读/写控制器35并受其控制。最好,装置33具有能够进行记录和再现功能的传统结构。读/写控制器35监视和控制装置33的操作,以在磁带上记录数据和从该磁带上再现数据。另外,控制器35从微机26处接收与数据的记录和再现相关的命令,并可以选择性地向微机提供与VTR30操作相关的状态信息。
开关20的一个输入端被耦接到播放处理器17的输出端上,它的另一输入端被耦接到节目选择器23的输出端上。开关20的输出端被耦接到开关105的一个输入端上。开关21的一个输入端被耦接到节目选择器110的输出端上,它的另一个输入端被耦接到节目选择器23的输出端上。开关21的输出端被耦接到记录处理器13的输入端上。
节目选择器23响应微机26发出的控制信号选择一组由播放处理器34提供的再现信号提供给开关20和21。节目选择器110和节目选择器25响应微机26的控制信号选择由误差校正电路103提供的校正后信号中的一个频道并分别提供给开关21和记录处理器31。
在一个预定的时间,或者是在一个来自于广播电台所发送播放目录的时间,微机26控制节目选择器25从由误差校正电路103提供的校正后信号中选择一个载有预告信息的频道提供给记录处理器31。微机26还控制读/写控制器35将与预告信息相对应的处理后信号写入视频存贮磁带。预告信息最好包括一系列可获得节目的预告以及每个节目的第一段。在一个允许用户观看了预告或类似节目以后再去选择节目的系统中,每个第一段的长度应当至少和由时间间隔发送系统的特定节目的两次发射间的间隔一样长。相反,在选择了节目之后再显示一系列预告的系统中,每个第一段的长度应当至少和在节目两次发送之间的发送间隔与一系列预告长度之间的差一样长。
此后,微机26控制开关21使节目选择器23和记录处理器13相互耦接,且VTR30去再现可获得的视频节目的存贮预告。缓冲存贮装置12接收和存贮通过节目选择器23由VTR30所提供的存贮预告。
在稍后的时间,用户向用户接口106输入一个预告命令。接口106将相应的用户输入信号提供给微机26,微机26向缓冲存贮装置12,具体的说向读/写控制器18发出控制信号,以再现所存贮的预告信息。控制开关20以使播放处理器17的输出和开关105的一个输入端相耦接,控制开关105以使开关20和译码器108相互耦接。利用这种方式,存贮在硬盘15上的预告被提供给译码器108,以对其进行译码并随后显示给用户。
在显示预告之前或之中,或者是在稍后的时刻,用户向用户接口106输入一个选择命令以选择多个预告节目之一进行显示。接口106提供相应的用户输入信号给微机26,微机26向VTR30、具体的说向读/写控制器35发出控制命令,以再现视频节目的存贮段。控制节目选择器23去选择并向开关20提供与由用户选择的特定视频节目相应的再现的视频信号。控制开关20以使节目选择器23的输出端耦接到开关105的一个输入端上,控制开关105以把开关20耦接到译码器108上。利用这种方式,存贮于装置33视频磁带上所需节目的第一段被提供给译码器108,以对其进行译码并随后显示给用户。
同时,与上述微机109执行恢复命令操作相类似,微机26和/或节目选择器110从多个可获得的频道中选择一个频道,该频道是将紧接着载有所需节目的剩余部分,或载有所需节目第一段的最后一个视频信号。控制节目选择器110去选择这个频道并将该频道提供给开关21的输入端。控制开关21以使节目选择器110和记录处理器13相耦接。微机26控制读/写控制器18,以使得记录处理器13、缓冲器14和盘驱动器15去记录由节目选择器110提供的信号。
一旦VTR30完成了对所需节目第一段的再现,就控制开关20再一次使播放处理器17和开关105的一个输入端相耦接。控制装置12以开始对所需节目剩余部分的再现,并通过开关20和105将再现后的信号提供给译码器108。如前所述,装置12在时分的基础之上不断地进行所需节目视频信号的接收、存贮和再现,直到整个节目被再现完毕并用于显示为止。其结果是所需节目作为一个整体不间断地、没有延时地显示给用户。
图6A-6C示出了装置33视频磁带的最佳格式。图中所示以及下面有关具体存贮容量的描述仅仅是为了说明的目的,而不作为对本发明的限定。另外,对于本专业技术领域里的技术人员而言很明显,其它的传统磁带格式方案也可以被使用以实现对预告信息的存贮。在图6A中,视频磁带被分为三段L1、L2和L3。段L1的长度最好足以存贮20分钟的七个频道视频节目(即:在磁带的20分钟段上一起多路复用的记录着7个20分钟的节目段)。L2和L3是外加的存贮空间,可以用于存贮所接收的视频信号、存贮附加的预告信息、补充装置12的存贮容量或类似存贮所需附加视频信号等功能。假设可以使用与诸如输入数据的慢速率等相互兼容的不同数据速率向段L1、L2和L3进行记录和从其上再现数据。用于记录这种数据的典型技术在美国未公开专利申请08/379,620和08/358,880中作了描述。
段L1的最佳格式示于图6B。段L1被分成两个段L11和L12。段L11的长度最好足以存贮3分钟7个频道的视频节目,而段L12则存贮剩余的17分钟节目。节目号1-7的预告,即PRV1-PRV7被存贮在磁带的L11段,而每个节目的第一段或顶段PRG1-PRG7被存贮在段L12中。最好段L11根据所接收的预告命令被最先传输给装置12以向用户进行显示。
段L1的最佳磁带格式示于图6C,该图描述了一种多磁迹格式。磁带的一个磁迹被分成7个磁带段,标为CH1-CH7,其中的每一个都包含有那个频道的相应预告和节目段,即CH1包含有PRV1和PRG1,CH2包含有PRV2和PRG2,等等。在VTR的数据再现速率大大地快于(即七倍于)预告和节目数据的速率的情况下,格式模式是特别有用的。
图7示出了一个磁带位置与时间的关系图,该图概括了图5所示接收机操作期间在VTR30中视频磁带的最佳位置。在时间T7,微机26处于备用模式,等待预告信息的发送时间,并且磁带被回绕到它的开始点(顶点)。在时间T8,微机使节目选择器24进行选择并使VTR30开始记录预告信息。在时段1,预告信息被记录在段L11,同时视频节目的第一段被记录在段L1的剩余部分中。在时间T9,完成预告信息的记录,并在时段2期间,磁带被回绕到它的起点位置。
在时间T10,磁带完成回绕,微机26指令VTR30和缓冲存贮装置12由VTR30向装置12传送预告。在时段3,再现由VTR30所存贮的预告,并利用装置12将其记录在硬盘上。在时段3结束时,磁带保持在段L11的结束处,该位置也是段L12的开始端。
在时间T12,用户输入一个预告命令,该命令导致在时段4内利用装置12再现所存贮的预告。在时间T13,用户利用一个选择命令请求观看一个想看的节目。在这个时间和整个时段5,VTR30再现记录在磁带上视频节目的第一段。节目选择器23选择并提供所请求节目的第一段并显示给用户。在同一时间,微机26协调由装置12执行的想看节目剩余部分的接收和记录。
在时间T14,VTR30完成对想看节目第一段的再现,装置12开始再现节目的剩余部分。在节目结束以前,装置12持续地再现节目的存贮部分,并持续地接收和记录用于稍后再现的节目的后续部分,直至节目的结尾被显示。
注意,图5所示的实施例也适于执行前面结合图1所述的暂停和恢复功能。特别是,假如暂停命令是在再现来自VTR30的节目第一段期间接收的,那么,根据传统技术,VTR30的操作将会暂停。在一个近似等于发送间隔的时段内,装置12继续接收和记录视频节目的后续部分。当输入一个恢复命令时,VTR恢复对所记录的第一段的再现,且装置12以类似于图2A-2B和图3A-3B所示的方式继续进行操作。
如果在再现来自装置12的视频节目期间输入暂停命令和恢复命令,根据暂停的长度和由硬盘15提供的缓冲存贮量,操作将如图2A-2B和图3A和3B所示的那样继续下去。
虽然在这里详细叙述了本发明的实施例及其修改,应当理解,本发明并不受这些实施例及其修改的限制,并且,在不脱离所附权利要求规定的本发明的范围和精神的前提下,本专业技术领域内的普通技术人员还可作出多种修改和变形。
Claims (12)
1、一种接收视频节目的方法,包括步骤:
在视频频道上预记录视频节目的一部分,该部分视频节目在同时广播的频道之间的偏移时间中被广播;
选择同时广播频道中的一个频道;
接收所选择的同时广播频道上的视频节目;和
响应选择和接收步骤,再现预记录的该部分视频节目。
2、根据权利要求1的接收方法,其中该同时广播频道在每一频道上广播该相同的视频节目,该被广播的视频节目具有一偏移时间,该偏移时间是当在第一频道上开始该视频节目的第一时间和当在第二频道上开始该视频节目的第二时间之间相差的时间。
3、根据权利要求2的接收方法,还包括记录该接收的视频节目的步骤,并且其中在所有的预记录视频节目被再现以无缝地产生一再现视频信号之后再现步骤再现所记录的视频节目。
4、根据权利要求3的接收方法,其中再现步骤和记录步骤在相同的存贮器装置上进行,该存贮器装置包括硬盘驱动器、缓冲存贮器和读/写控制器。
5、根据权利要求4的接收方法,还包括控制再现步骤和记录步骤的控制步骤。
6、根据权利要求1的接收方法,其中预记录步骤在预确定时间上自动执行以开始预记录的视频节目。
7、一种接收视频节目的方法,包括步骤:
在硬盘驱动器上预记录视频频道上的视频节目的一部分;
选择同时广播频道的一个频道;
在所选择的同时广播的频道上接收视频节目;
在硬盘上记录所接收的视频节目;和
在所有的预记录视频信号被再现之后,响应选择步骤和硬盘驱动器上记录的视频节目,再现该记录的视频节目部分,其中
再现步骤无缝再现该预记录的视频信号部分和该记录的视频节目。
8、根据权利要求7的接收方法,其中
该同时广播频道在每一频道上广播该相同的视频节目,该被广播的视频节目具有一偏移时间,该偏移时间是当在第一频道上开始该视频节目的第一时间和当在第二频道上开始该视频节目的第二时间之间相差的时间。
9、根据权利要求7的接收方法,其中预记录步骤在预确定时间上自动执行以开始预记录的视频节目。
10、一种用于接收和再现视频节目的设备,该设备包括:
记录装置,用于预记录视频节目的一部分,该部分视频节目在同时广播的频道之间的偏移时间中被广播,该偏移时间是当在第一频道上开始该视频节目的第一时间和当在第二频道上开始该视频节目的第二时间之间相差的时间;还用于记录由接收装置接收到的视频节目;
选择装置,用于选择同时广播频道中的一个频道;
接收装置,用于接收所选择的同时广播频道上的视频节目;和
再现装置,用于响应选择该同时广播频道之一,再现该预记录的视频节目部分,并用于在所有的预记录的视频信号被再现以无缝地产生一再现视频信号之后再现该被记录的视频节目。
11、根据权利要求10的设备,其中所述的记录装置在预确定时间上自动记录该视频节目部分以开始预记录的视频节目。
12、根据权利要求11的设备,其中记录装置在硬盘上记录该视频节目部分,并且再现装置从硬盘再现该记录的视频节目。
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1994
- 1994-08-31 JP JP6230281A patent/JPH0879685A/ja active Pending
- 1994-10-14 JP JP27593694A patent/JP3355825B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1995
- 1995-08-25 EP EP95305953A patent/EP0700206B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-08-25 AT AT00201730T patent/ATE279835T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1995-08-25 AT AT95305953T patent/ATE219313T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1995-08-25 DE DE69527014T patent/DE69527014T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-08-25 ES ES95305953T patent/ES2174900T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-08-25 ES ES00201730T patent/ES2225014T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-08-25 CA CA002156994A patent/CA2156994C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1995-08-25 EP EP00201730A patent/EP1028588B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-08-25 DE DE69533656T patent/DE69533656T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-08-28 US US08/520,564 patent/US5729280A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1995-08-31 CN CNB02108212XA patent/CN1184801C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1995-08-31 CN CN95116361A patent/CN1093712C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1995-08-31 KR KR1019950028877A patent/KR100361718B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1997
- 1997-04-11 US US08/840,199 patent/US5990881A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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-
1999
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2008
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EP0700206A2 (en) | 1996-03-06 |
KR100361718B1 (ko) | 2003-05-09 |
US7607157B1 (en) | 2009-10-20 |
US5990881A (en) | 1999-11-23 |
ES2174900T3 (es) | 2002-11-16 |
DE69533656D1 (de) | 2004-11-18 |
EP0700206B1 (en) | 2002-06-12 |
CA2156994A1 (en) | 1996-03-01 |
KR960009741A (ko) | 1996-03-22 |
EP1028588A1 (en) | 2000-08-16 |
ATE279835T1 (de) | 2004-10-15 |
ATE219313T1 (de) | 2002-06-15 |
DE69527014D1 (de) | 2002-07-18 |
DE69533656T2 (de) | 2006-03-09 |
CN1129879A (zh) | 1996-08-28 |
EP0700206A3 (en) | 1997-07-30 |
US5729280A (en) | 1998-03-17 |
ES2225014T3 (es) | 2005-03-16 |
DE69527014T2 (de) | 2003-02-06 |
JP3355825B2 (ja) | 2002-12-09 |
EP1028588B1 (en) | 2004-10-13 |
US5826168A (en) | 1998-10-20 |
US5884141A (en) | 1999-03-16 |
JPH0879685A (ja) | 1996-03-22 |
CN1398113A (zh) | 2003-02-19 |
US20090049503A1 (en) | 2009-02-19 |
JPH08116515A (ja) | 1996-05-07 |
CA2156994C (en) | 2004-11-09 |
CN1093712C (zh) | 2002-10-30 |
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