CN1187981C - 广播协议的虚拟频道表及用它广播和接收该广播的方法 - Google Patents

广播协议的虚拟频道表及用它广播和接收该广播的方法 Download PDF

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CN1187981C
CN1187981C CNB001366521A CN00136652A CN1187981C CN 1187981 C CN1187981 C CN 1187981C CN B001366521 A CNB001366521 A CN B001366521A CN 00136652 A CN00136652 A CN 00136652A CN 1187981 C CN1187981 C CN 1187981C
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virtual channel
channel table
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CN1305309A (zh
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金镇泌
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LG Electronics Inc
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LG Electronics Inc
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N5/00—Details of television systems
    • H04N5/44—Receiver circuitry for the reception of television signals according to analogue transmission standards
    • H04N5/50—Tuning indicators; Automatic tuning control

Abstract

用于广播协议的虚拟频道表和用于通过使用虚拟频道表广播的方法，包括对虚拟频道表所包含的活动的和非活动的频道进行鉴别和许可的鉴定信息。在一个接收器中，对从发射端发送来的虚拟频道表进行分析，从而确定当前接收到的频道是活动的还是非活动的。

Description

广播协议的虚拟频道表及用它广播和接收该广播的方法
技术领域
本发明涉及到用于一种广播协议的虚拟频道表以及使用它的广播方法。
背景技术
通常，用于数字电视广播的高级电视制式委员会(在下文中称为ATSC)标准中的节目和系统信息协议(在下文中称为PSIP)包含一个虚拟频道表。
该PSIP通常包含电子节目指南(EPG)和系统信息(SI)。该PSIP被定义为用于地面和有线数字电视广播的ATSC协议，它通过使用运动图像专家组-2(MPEG-2；ISO/IEC 13818-1)系统来解析编码信息，从而提供这个广播节目的各种信息(见ATSC文件A/65，1997年12月23日)。因此，“用于地面广播和有线的节目和系统信息协议”，ATSC文件A/65，1997年12月23日，此处就象在这里全部提出一样，通过参考将其合并到这里。
换言之，这个PSIP利用MPEG-2视频和AC-3音频格式来传输和接收音频/视频数据，并且包含用于广播每个广播台的频道信息和每个频道的节目信息的一些表。该PSIP具有一个基本功能：传导与要求的频道相应的广播的音频与视频服务，一个附加的功能：传导该广播节目的电子节目服务。
用于频道选择的频道信息和用于接收音频与视频数据的数据包确认(PID)信息被包含在一个虚拟频道表(VCT)中，在每个频道中的广播节目的电子节目服务信息被包含在一个事件信息表(EIT)中。该PSIP也包含一个用于时间信息的系统时间表(STT)，一个用于在区域和机构之间发送信息的、关于节目收视率(program rating)的收视率区域表(RRT)，一个为该频道和广播节目提供附加解释的扩充的文本表，和一个适用于管理上述的表和数据包认证(PID)的版本的主指南表(MGT)。这些表按被称作段的数据单元发送。换句话说，所有表以一个或者更多的段作为一个基本单元。
例如，虚拟频道表可以被分成256段，单一段可能包含几个虚拟频道上的信息，但是用于单个虚拟频道的信息不可以用两个或者更多字段来广播。
图1举例说明一个用于地面广播的常规虚拟频道表的位流语法(bit streamsyntax)，它在上述的文件A/65中已经被描述，该常规虚拟频道表包含一个输送流标识符，一个主频道号，一个次频道号，一个短频道名称，一个载波频率，一个节目号等等，并包含关于那些描述符的附加信息。
参考图1，该虚拟频道表具有“OxC8”的表标识符字段，该虚拟频道表的数据包标识(PID)的值是“Ox1 FFB”，版本号字段“version_number”表示该虚拟频道表的版本值，段号字段“section_number”表示一个相应的字段号，最后段号字段“last_section_number”表示该虚拟频道表的最后字段号，以及段号频道字段“num_channels_in_section”表示在该虚拟频道表之内现有的全部虚拟频道的数字。
在“for_loop”语句中的短名称字段“short_name”表示该虚拟频道的名称，主频道号字段“major_channel_number”表示在上述的语句中定义的虚拟频道的主频道号，每个虚拟频道号分别连接到主和次频道编号，该主和次频道号作为相应的虚拟频道的用户参考号。换言之，该虚拟频道表通过“for_loop”语句传送每个虚拟频道的数据。
当MPEG-2节目关联表(PAT)和节目映射表(PMT)被定义时，该节目号字段“program_number”包含用于连接虚拟频道的信息，它对应于节目关联表和节目映射表中的节目号。在这种情况下该节目关联表为该节目的每个部件定义了一个节目号，也就是说，指出发送节目映射表的信息传送包的鉴别信息。该节目映射表定义了信息传送包的鉴别信息的目录和附加信息，这些传送包用来发送节目鉴别号和组成节目的音频和视频信号的位流。
源标识符字段“source_id”表示与相应的虚拟频道连接的节目源。在这种情况下，源指的是特定的源，例如图片、文本、数据或者声音。源标识符字段“source_id”在发送虚拟频道的传送流中具有一个唯一的值，描述符长度字段“descripters_length”指示相应的虚拟频道的描述符的整个长度；附加描述符长度字段“additional_descripters_length”指示虚拟频道表的附加描述符的整个长度。
图5图解一个按照ATSC标准的PISP描述符的示例性列表。
图2图解在广播台使用四个虚拟频道来进行预定传送的例子。
例如，假定图2所示的预定广播在任意一个广播台中用4个虚拟频道：51-1、51-2、51-3和51-8来进行，并且发送一个由单段组成的虚拟频道表。
假设当前的时间为20:15，系统时间表发送了当前的时间信息。在这种情况下，在当前时间20:15广播的频道51-1和51-3被定义为活动频道。
另一方面，频道51-2在当前并不广播，而是在第二天进行广播，而频道51-8将在06:00以后广播。在这种情况下，在当前时间20:15没有播放而是在以后再播放的频道51-2和51-8就被定义为非活动的频道。
因此，每一个频道都可以是活动的或者是非活动的，决定于任意的时间点。
在PSIP中，虚拟频道表不但应该包括所要求的活动频道，而且还可以包括所推荐的非活动的频道，以便传导节目指南。
所以，在当前时间20:15，虚拟频道表可以包含所有频道51-1、51-2、51-3和51-8的信息，因此，数字电视广播接收器或者数字有线广播接收器收到虚拟频道表后，可以向电视观众提供频道选择信息。
然而，如图1所示，根据依据文件A/65制定的虚拟频道表的位流语法，在分析虚拟频道表时，数字电视广播接收器或者数字有线广播接收器不能区分活动的频道(例如，频道51-1和51-3)和非活动的频道(例如，频道51-2和512-8)。
所以，由于从提供电子节目指南的广播台发送非活动的频道的信息时，电视观众将会看到黑屏。出现黑屏意味着屏幕上显示的是黑色的背景颜色，说明在当前时间没有被传送的一个非活动的频道被选择。另一方面，字符信息“不提供服务”被数字电视广播接收器或者数字有线广播接收器的屏幕显示功能显示在背景颜色的屏幕上了。例如，如果电视观众在浏览频道51-1时，用频道向上键选择频道51-2，因为51-2是一个非活动的频道，就不会显示声音和图象数据，这时屏幕上就显示黑色的背景颜色。
当数字电视广播接收器或者数字有线广播接收器变得很普及，同时有大量虚拟频道被广播时，上面所提到的问题也许会给电视观众带来许多不便。
发明内容
因此，本发明针对那些已完全消除了由于相关技术的限制和缺点而导致的一个或者更多的问题后的虚拟频道表。
本发明的一个目的是为广播协议提供一个虚拟频道表，并通过应用同一个表提供一种广播的方法，它可以鉴别并允许区别用接收器收到的频道中的活动的和非活动的频道。
本发明的另一个目的是为广播协议提供一个虚拟频道表，并通过应用同一个表提供一种广播的方法，它可以迅速地只显示当前时间被广播的频道。
本发明的其它特点和优点将在下面的描写中体现出来，其中有些可以从描述中很明显的看出来，而有些可以通过使用本发明而体会到。本发明的目的和其它优势可以通过由权利要求书以及相关的附图中特别指出的结构得到实现和获得。
根据本发明的其中一方面，这里为广播协议提供了虚拟频道表，它包含可以在虚拟频道表中的位流语法中鉴别和允许区别活动的和非活动的频道的鉴别信息。
该鉴别信息可以装载或包括在该虚拟频道表的至少一个保留字段内，该鉴别信息指定至少一个或多个保留字段作为标志，从而指示相应的频道是非活动频道。
例如，设置虚拟频道表中的节目号字段“program_number”的值为“0”，从而指示相应的频道是非活动频道。
鉴别信息将该虚拟频道表中的服务位置描述符字段“service_location_descriptor”中的号码元素字段“number_elements”的值设为“0”，从而指示相应的频道是非活动频道。
当相应的频道为非活动频道时，为了指示相应的频道为非活动频道的目的，该虚拟频道表不在其中包含服务位置描述符字段。
根据本发明的另一个实施例，这里提供一种用于使用广播协议的虚拟频道表广播的方法，该方法包括步骤：包括能够鉴别和允许区别活动的和非活动的频道、以用于广播协议的虚拟频道表中的位流语法表示的鉴别信息，以及在发射端发送该虚拟频道表；而在接收端通过分析所发送的虚拟频道表、用虚拟频道表中所定义的信息来确认当前所收到的频道是活动的还是非活动的。其中，包括鉴别信息的步骤进一步包括：当一个频道是非活动的时，把虚拟频道表中的节目号字段的值设定为“0”或“1”，并且禁止通过虚拟频道表来发送服务位置标识符。
本发明还提供一种在数字电视接收器中、禁止显示非活动频道的方法，包括：接收包含了虚拟频道表的数字广播信号；分析虚拟频道表；从指出频道是否为非活动的已被分析的虚拟频道表中检索鉴别信息；以及作为对指出该频道为非活动的该鉴别信息的响应，当该频道被用户选择时，禁止显示该频道。
本发明还提供一种在数字广播发射器中、指出一个非活动频道的方法包括：生成一个虚拟频道表，包括在虚拟频道表信息中指出非活动的频道；将虚拟频道表作为数字广播信号的一部分发送；其中，包括在虚拟频道表信息中指出非活动的频道的步骤包括：在虚拟频道表中设定节目号字段的值，以指出非活动的频道；分配保留字段的至少一个位来指出非活动的频道。可以理解为前面的一般性描述和下面的详细描述是示例性的和说明性的，是为了对所申请的本发明进行进一步的解释。
相关的附图被包含进来以提供对本发明的进一步理解，并被整理作为本说明书的一部分，它举例说明了本发明的实施例，并作为说明书的一部分来解释本发明的基本原理。
附图说明
图1是图解关于地面广播的一般性虚拟频道表的位流语法的图表；
图2是图解在广播台通过使用四个虚拟频道来进行预定广播的例子的图表；
图3是图解根据本发明的实施例与地面广播有关的虚拟频道表的位流语法的图表；
图4是图解根据本发明的实施例与有线广播有关的虚拟频道表的位流语法的图表；
图5列出了根据高级电视系统委员会为数字电视广播制定的标准中的节目和系统信息协议可以提供的不同描述符。
具体实施方式
现在将就本发明的最佳实施例进行详细的说明，这些例子在附图中进行图解。
根据本发明，针对广播协议的虚拟频道表包含了在虚拟频道表中的位流语法中鉴别和容许区别活动的和非活动的频道的鉴别信息。发射端，即广播台发射带有鉴别信息的虚拟频道表给接收端。接收端通过分析所接收到的虚拟频道表来确认当前所收到的频道是活动的还是非活动的。
依据PSIP标准能够鉴别和容许活动的和非活动的频道之间的区别的鉴别信息被包含在上面的协议的虚拟频道表的至少一个字段中，这样只有当前被发送的活动频道可以展现给电视观众。
在下文中，依据于本发明的虚拟频道表的最佳实施例和方法将参考图3和图4进行详细描述。
为了数字电视接收器和数字有线接收器可以对虚拟频道表进行分析和确定当前所选的频道是活动的还是非活动的，虚拟频道表的位流语法可以被修正。
例如，频道51-2和51-8在当前时间20:15没有进行广播，但以后将进行广播，它们应该在数字电视接收器和数字有线接收器中被辨认出。在最佳实施例中，鉴别非活动频道的鉴别信息被包含在节目号字段“program_number”、服务位置描述符字段“service_location_descriptor”和/或虚拟频道表的位流语法中所包含的其它保留字段中。
图3举例说明了根据本发明的实施例与地面广播有关的虚拟频道表的位流语法。为了指出相应的频道是非活动的，节目号字段A program_number”的值被设定为“O”。因为当前没有服务位置描述符的声音和图象信号，所以服务位置描述符“service_location_descripter”的号码单元字段“number_elements”的值被设定为“O”。还可以或者可以作为选择，为了指出相应的频道是非活动的，在虚拟频道表中不包含服务位置描述符“service_location_descripter”(见图5)。换句话说，只有当相应的频道是活动的时候，虚拟频道表中才会包含服务位置描述符。然而，如果响应的频道是非活动的，虚拟频道表中就不包含服务位置描述符。
在最佳实施例中，为了用一种更明显的方式辨认出相应的频道是非活动的，每个频道的6位保留区中的一个位被分配来定义一个标志以指出非活动的频道。在最佳实施例中，在“for_loop”语句的隐藏字段“hidden”和服务类型字段“service_type”之间的保留字段中，有一个位被分配来定义一个标志以指出非活动的频道。例如，如果指示非活动频道的标志是“1”，相应的频道是活动的，如果标志是“0”，相应的频道是非活动的。
在最佳实施例中，上面三种情况可以在文件A/65中作为需求被加进去，所有三种情况中的任意一种都可以被加入到文件A/65中。
象上面所提到的，因为非活动的频道的信息被包含在虚拟频道表中，数字电视接收器只要分析虚拟频道表就可以确定当前接收到的虚拟频道是活动的还是非活动的。例如，如果虚拟频道表中节目号字段“program_number”的值是“0”，而同时关于非活动频道的信息的值通过赋值被定义，保留区中预先确定一个位是“0”，或者是如果服务位置描述符字段“service_location_descriptor”没有被包括在虚拟频道表中，则在当前所发送的虚拟频道表的位流语法中所定义的主频道字段“major_channel_number”和次频道字段“minor_channel_number”将确定当前的虚拟频道是非活动的。
另一方面，如果一个非活动的频道在上面的程序中已经被确认为非活动的，则当使用频道向上键或者频道向下键改变频道时，数字电视接收器可以跳过非活动的频道，而不会把它显示在屏幕上。
图4举例说明了根据本发明的实施例与有线广播有关的虚拟频道表的位流语法。如图所示，虚拟频道表可以用与上面的相同的方法应用于有线广播。
在前面的描述中明显说明针对广播协议的虚拟频道表和应用虚拟频道表的方法包含了鉴别信息，它可以用来在发送端鉴别和容许区别活动的和非活动的频道，而在接收端对虚拟频道表进行分析以确定当前所选的频道是活动的还是非活动的。当使用频道向上键或者频道向下键时，可以跳过非活动的频道，而不会把它显示出来，这样，电视观众可以用一种方便的方式进行频道切换(channel surfing)，而不会看到黑屏。此外，当其中含有非活动的频道时，也可以发送虚拟频道表，这样就可以提供一个更丰富的电子节目服务。
对于那些熟悉了本技术的人来说，很明显的是，可以对本发明进行不同的修改和变化而不会脱离本发明的精神或者范围。因此，希望本发明覆盖了本发明的修改和变化，只要这些变化属于附录的权利要求和它们的等效的范围之内。
该申请要求提交于1999年10月8日的韩国专利申请No.1999-43508的权利，此处就象在这里全部提出一样，通过参考该申请将其合并到这里。

Claims (11)

1.一种用广播协议中的虚拟频道表进行广播的方法，该方法包括：
在虚拟频道表中包括鉴别信息，该鉴别信息用来鉴别一个频道是活动的还是非活动，并发送虚拟频道表；以及
在虚拟频道表中所定义的鉴别信息的基础上通过分析虚拟频道表来在接收器中确定该频道是否是非活动的，
其中，包括鉴别信息的步骤进一步包括：当一个频道是非活动的时，把虚拟频道表中的节目号字段的值设定为“0”或“1”，并且禁止通过虚拟频道表来发送服务位置标识符。
2.按照权利要求1的方法，其中，包括鉴别信息的步骤进一步包括：把节目号字段的值和被分配来在被分析的虚拟频道表中辨认非活动的频道的保留字段的值设定为“0”。
3.按照权利要求1的方法，其中，在接收器中确认该频道是否非活动的步骤中，包括：在没有收到相应的服务位置标识符时，确认频道是否是非活动的。
4.按照权利要求1的方法，其中，在接收器中确认该频道是否非活动的步骤中包括：在被分配来在被分析的虚拟频道表中辨认非活动的频道的保留字段的值被设定为“0”时，确认该频道是非活动的。
5.按照权利要求1的方法，其中，在接收器中确认该频道是否为非活动的步骤中包括：在虚拟频道表中的节目号的值被设定为“0”时，确认该频道是非活动的。
6.在数字电视接收器中、禁止显示非活动频道的方法，包括：
接收包含了虚拟频道表的数字广播信号；
分析虚拟频道表；
从指出频道是否为非活动的已被分析的虚拟频道表中检索鉴别信息；以及
作为对指出该频道为非活动的该鉴别信息的响应，当该频道被用户选择时，禁止显示该频道。
7.按照权利要求6的方法，其中，检索鉴别信息的步骤包括：在被分析的虚拟频道表中读取用于鉴定某个非活动频道的保留字段的值。
8.按照权利要求6的方法，其中，检索鉴别信息的步骤包括：在被分析的虚拟频道表中读取节目号字段的值。
9.按照权利要求6的方法，其中，检索鉴别信息包括确定是否在被分析的虚拟频道表中找到了一个服务位置标识符。
10.在数字广播发射器中、指出一个非活动频道的方法，包括：
生成一个虚拟频道表，包括在虚拟频道表信息中指出非活动的频道；
将虚拟频道表作为数字广播信号的一部分发送；
其中，包括在虚拟频道表信息中指出非活动的频道的步骤包括：
在虚拟频道表中设定节目号字段的值，以指出非活动的频道；
分配保留字段的至少一个位来指出非活动的频道。
11.按照权利要求10的方法，其中，包括在虚拟频道表信息中指出非活动的频道的步骤包括：忽略服务位置标识符。
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