CN1198707A - 用于生产包装管的方法 - Google Patents

用于生产包装管的方法 Download PDF

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CN1198707A
CN1198707A CN97191083A CN97191083A CN1198707A CN 1198707 A CN1198707 A CN 1198707A CN 97191083 A CN97191083 A CN 97191083A CN 97191083 A CN97191083 A CN 97191083A CN 1198707 A CN1198707 A CN 1198707A
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tube head
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plane
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CN1069263C (zh
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B·A·施维恩
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Packtech Ltd.
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Plo Faye Lantz Co
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/48—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/70—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by moulding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/116—Single bevelled joints, i.e. one of the parts to be joined being bevelled in the joint area
    • B29C66/1162—Single bevel to bevel joints, e.g. mitre joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/53—Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars
    • B29C66/534—Joining single elements to open ends of tubular or hollow articles or to the ends of bars
    • B29C66/5344—Joining single elements to open ends of tubular or hollow articles or to the ends of bars said single elements being substantially annular, i.e. of finite length, e.g. joining flanges to tube ends
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/61—Joining from or joining on the inside
    • B29C66/612—Making circumferential joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/63—Internally supporting the article during joining
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/83—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/832—Reciprocating joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/8322—Joining or pressing tools reciprocating along one axis
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/48—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding
    • B29C65/52—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding characterised by the way of applying the adhesive
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/48—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding
    • B29C65/52—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding characterised by the way of applying the adhesive
    • B29C65/524—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding characterised by the way of applying the adhesive by applying the adhesive from an outlet device in contact with, or almost in contact with, the surface of the part to be joined
    • B29C65/525—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding characterised by the way of applying the adhesive by applying the adhesive from an outlet device in contact with, or almost in contact with, the surface of the part to be joined by extrusion coating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/723—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered
    • B29C66/7232—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered comprising a non-plastics layer
    • B29C66/72321—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered comprising a non-plastics layer consisting of metals or their alloys
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/723—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered
    • B29C66/7234—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered comprising a barrier layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2023/00—Tubular articles
    • B29L2023/20—Flexible squeeze tubes, e.g. for cosmetics
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T156/00—Adhesive bonding and miscellaneous chemical manufacture
    • Y10T156/10—Methods of surface bonding and/or assembly therefor
    • Y10T156/1002—Methods of surface bonding and/or assembly therefor with permanent bending or reshaping or surface deformation of self sustaining lamina
    • Y10T156/1005—Methods of surface bonding and/or assembly therefor with permanent bending or reshaping or surface deformation of self sustaining lamina by inward collapsing of portion of hollow body

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Tubes (AREA)
  • Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Shaping Of Tube Ends By Bending Or Straightening (AREA)
  • Making Paper Articles (AREA)
  • Joints With Sleeves (AREA)

Abstract

人们已熟悉由管体(11)和预制管头(13)组成的包装管。管头(13)焊接在管体的内圆周上。这种连接方法可能会有缺陷,即不包装。按照本发明,借助于一种材料部分(26)例如可塑性塑料,联接管头(13)与管体(11),这样就能够稳固、包装地,即无缺陷地联接。

Description

用于生产包装管的方法
本发明涉及一种用于生产如权利要求1前序所述包装管的方法。
由单层或多层层压塑料构成的管体，与由塑料制得的管头一起组成了包装管，其中多层层压塑料这一名称还包含有金属(铝)阻挡层的层压塑料。包装管的制造基本上由两项技术所主导，二者之间的区别在于，对于第一项来说，是把预制管头与管体联接(下面也简称为“预制管头技术”)；而对于另一项来说，是在管头成型时，把管头与管体联接起来(下面还简称为“整体成型技术”)。本发明属于前面一项领域，即属于预制管头技术领域。
在管行业中，预制管头技术已经得到了广泛的推广。其原因在于，与整体成型技术相比，单位时间内可获得更高的包装管产量(带管头的管体)。此外，组装管体与管头时机器的操作简单，联接管体与管头的各投资费用较低，并且这种方法还可以扩展，即在联接管体、管头之后，直接给管体装上封闭件等。预制管头技术的不足之处在于管体与管头都要求非常严格的制造公差。此外，在管体的内层材料与管头的材料之间需要精确调整其材料相容性，其中内层则是在管体与管头之间保持良好联接的关键部分。例如，聚乙烯管体、或者带有聚乙烯内层的管体，与同样材料的管头在内圆周上的联接是困难的，为了解决此困难，管头的肩部从管体至管口的联接配置了阻挡层。这种关键的材料相容性阻碍了预制管头技术优点的充分发挥，这样虽然能够预制不同材料的管体与管头并且进行定位，但是无法为了满足不同包装物品的要求而随意地组合。
从技术现状出发，本发明的任务是改进预制管头技术，这样，保持其优点，当然避免其缺点，并且借助于权利要求1的特征来解决该任务。
按照本发明把管体与预制管头联接到一起的方法相应地下述优点。在技术现状中对于管体和管头所要求的严格公差可以显著放宽，因而使制造更简单、更快捷，即在生产管头时的收缩变形与制做管体时的直径偏差不再是废品的根源。相对小的材料部分朝管的肩部挤压，同时位于管体敞开末端上的圆周段嵌入材料部分内。按照本发明的方法可以用相对小的挤压力与比较低的工具温度进行操作，这样挤压工具的技术构造与目前的构造相比，大大简化了。相对来说较低的挤压温度以及简化的挤压工具，(把挤压模杆设计为环形就可以了)。就能够对于完全成批订做的管头进行加工，这些管头已设置了旋转成折叠式封闭件、封闭排出口的隔膜片。安装在肩部的朝向管体内部的侧面上的阻止扩散用的衬里圆盘等。这就可能在加工成批订做的管头时，取消已知的、附属于挤压工序的单个加工工序，例如在挤压之后安装封闭件，因此，借助于本发明的方法，每个单位时间内的包装管产量，与目前的技术方法相比，再一次显著提高，也就是说，实施本方法时不必对设备作大的投资，就可使产量提高到每分钟200至300包装管，而使用预制管头技术已有的方法与设备是不可能达到的。阻碍预制管头技术优势充分发挥的材料相容性问题在使用本发明的方法后就在很大程度上克服了。如前所述，在肩部(管头的部分)与管体之间的联接是关键的，这就是说，联接的质量决定了包装管本身的质量。由于适宜于管头的压注成型或挤压成型的材料，也就是塑料的数量受到限制，而且管体的内层材料塑料为了联接的目的必须直接按此调整，由此限制了自由地选择管体的塑料材料构造。使用按照本发明的方法，由塑料质地的联接与包装材料制成的部分用于联接管体与管头，那末就消除了在目前技术状况中已知的，以及在那里必需的直接相容性，这样对于每种包装物品来说，用于肩部与管体的材料就能够单独按照包装物品的要求进行优化。
权利要求1后面的权利要求中的特征，表示了本发明的其它有益的改进设计。从后面对优选实施例的说明以及附属于实施例的插图中，得出本发明的其它优点，特征与细节，图示为：
图1：在图1a、1b、1c、1d、1e中，表示了第一种方法，首先把管头放到芯杆上。然后把联接材料的部分放到管头上(向下压部分)。
图2：在图2a、2b、2c、2d、2e表示了第二种方法，即首先把联接材料的部分放到芯杆上、接着把管头放到带有材料部分的芯杆上(向上压材料部分)。
图3：在图3a中，以简图形式表示了一个在从芯杆圆周到芯杆斜面的过渡位置附近，围绕着芯杆的成型空间。图3b展示了一个作为肩部外圆周的斜面，也可以是分级斜面。
图1a用简图表示了圆形芯杆10，在其轴向延伸的圆周表面上，套进管体11。芯杆10的上部自由末端，也就是它的端面10a作如下设计(用轮廓表示)，使管头12的内表面完全贴放在端面10a上。管头12由一个圆盘形的肩部13组成，空心圆筒形的排出口14从肩部13处向外突出，其中有一个与芯杆10同心，向外突出的芯杆凸肩15与排出口14相咬合，这样管头12就被准确对中地置于芯杆10的轮廓自由末端。按照图1a，在芯杆10的轴向上，管体11的环形段16超出了芯杆斜面18至芯杆10外圆周19的过渡段17，或端面10a，环形段16的轴向延伸长度取决于距离A，从管头的轴线M方向看，环形段16的自由环绕棱边20应该按此距离A布置。
按照本发明，芯杆斜面18至芯杆10外圆周19的过渡段17，围绕着芯杆10配置分级斜面21是适宜的。分级斜面21包括两级21a、21b更为合理，其中第一级21a从芯杆10的外圆周出发，以斜面形式，向着轴线M的方向过渡为第二级21b，第二级21b又与芯杆斜面18汇合。在这种情况下，临近轴线M的汇合处直径，也就是第二级21b的圆周的尺寸应使圆周被管头12的肩部13的外圆周所覆盖，这样，在芯杆10上装有管头12时，级21b与肩部13一起，构成一个位于端面10a内的切槽面22，而朝轴向看，第一级21a与管体11的段16的内圆周表面，以及管头12的肩部13的外圆周相联系，构成一个朝肩部13敞开、轴向朝芯杆10延伸的环形空间23。如图1c所示，借助于从下面与肩部13咬合的第二级21b、以及与第二级21b相联接的环形空间23(第一级)，形成一个成型空间F。由联接材料，也就是塑料制做的、通过加热而具有塑性的材料部分26就被压入此成型空间F内。
图1b和1c展示了在平行于管头轴线方向延伸的外圆周面(未示出)的对面，优选设计为斜面(图1b)或分级斜面25(图1c)的圆周面。用26表示了一个被放在肩部13的外表面上的联接材料的部分。部分26最好是完全一样的环形，优选为圆形、透镜形成水滴形横截面，它适宜于紧贴着覆盖了环形空间23的段16的内表面。
图1d和1e表示了用于联接管体11和管头12的方法。在图1d中，用30表示一个环形的阴模，芯杆10带着放在上面的管头12、管体13和材料部分26向上进入阴模30内，也就是说，在挤压过程开始之前；而在图1e中则表示挤压过程已经结束。阴模30(仅用简图表示)包括一个在芯杆10的移动方向上、最好用弹簧预张紧的、可推动的内环31，内环31用作芯杆上面管头12的压紧环，而它的外径用作阴模30成型轮廓的可轴向推动的成型壁面。阴模30的成型轮廓由圆筒形段32和上述情况下的呈圆弧形状的轮廓段33组成，段33把圆筒形段32与内环31的外壁面联接到一起。圆筒形段32的内径相当于芯杆10的外径再加上所选择管体11的两倍壁厚。圆弧形状的段33按下述方式确定尺寸，即它在管体11与管头12之间、或者在肩部13的外圆周与管体11之间形成预先已规定了尺寸的过渡段。
在图2a至2e中，用相同的基准符号表示与在图1a至1e中相同的部分，同时，这些部分也行使着相同的功能。对于按照图2a至2e的方法来说，与按照如图1a至1e所示方法的情况下相比，其根本区别在于，对于按照图2a至2e的方法来说，材料部分26首先被放到芯杆10上，也就是放到芯杆10端面10a的芯杆斜面28上，然后把管头12叠放到芯杆10上，也就是说，采用了与图1a至1e所示方法中相反的顺序。后者称为下压、前者称为上压(分别按照部分26材料的挤压流动方向确定)。
根据图1a至1e和2a至2e介绍的按照本发明的方法，基本上包括六个分步骤。图1a和2a所示的第一个分步骤是把管体11装在芯杆10上，装的方式是，使管体11的段16超出芯杆斜面18与芯杆10的外圆周面19形成的过渡段17。在图1b中所示的第一种实施方法的第二个分步骤中，预制的管头12被放在芯杆10上，经管头12在排出口14和芯杆肩部15，管头被同心地定位在芯杆10上，并且由段16相隔环绕。当采用第二种实施方法时，我们首先把材料部分26按照图2b，作为第二个分步骤放置到芯杆斜面18上，并且环绕着段16的内圆周。也就是说放置在由芯杆斜面18与芯杆10的外圆周19组成的过渡段17上，在此基础上，按照图2c作为第三个分步骤，管头12被同心地叠放，这样，材料部分基本上位于管头12的下方。图1c作为第一种实施方法的第三个分步骤，表示了联接材料部分26已经放到肩部13的远离芯杆斜面18的一侧，也就是说在肩部13的外侧，最好紧贴段16的内圆周，并沿内圆周延伸。部分26可以预制后嵌入，或者通过挤压为环形后放到肩部13或芯杆斜面18上。经如此加载的芯杆10，进入到如图1d和2d的第四个分步骤所表示的固定的，向下敞开的环形阴模30内，在这种情况下，内环31的环形端面与管体12的肩部13的外表面相咬合。图1e和2e展示了第五个分步骤，更确切地说是段16的内表面与管体12的肩部12，借助于用可塑性联接材料制得的部分26，而形成封闭的联接。最好在加热与加压的情况下，使已加载的芯杆10垂直向上地进入到固定的阴模30内，进行挤压。在进入过程中，在管头12同时压紧的作用下内环31沿进入方向被推到芯杆10上，而材料部分26借助于圆弧形状的段33，与芯杆10的移动方向相反，例如被挤入到环形空间23和切槽面22内，并且段16对应于圆弧形状的段33的几何尺寸被改变形状，直到例如段16前面的自由末端与肩部13处的斜面24或台阶25进入咬合状态。斜面24和分级斜面25在技术上具有扩大联接面积的优点，在美学上它们具有下述有益的效果，即在段16的前端与管肩部13之间的联接焊缝，被完全位于肩部的表面之内。
对于第二种实施工艺方案来说，材料部分26沿芯杆10的移动方向被朝上挤向阴模30。为了封闭造型，在构成了管体11与管头12之间倒圆的(圆弧形状)过渡段的情况下，使管体11与管头12联接，这时，借助在切槽面23内的联接材料与环形空间23内的材料相联接，并紧贴着段16内部的材料，这样就加强了位于包装管内侧的这种联接。除了加强这种联接之外，在管头12与管体11之间也实现了一种非常无缺陷的联接。在挤压过程期间，内环的外圆周与压紧功能相联系，也使得位于肩部13外表面上的联接材料，例如可塑性塑料，不能朝排出口14移动或挤压流动，所以，外观上在肩部13上构成一道被精确界定了的流动缝。与目前技术状况已知的，在预制管头的外圆周上直接焊接管体内部材料的这种类型方法相比，或者相对于在联接管头与管体时，同时成型管头的这种方法来说，按照本发明的方法，由于部分26相对较小，其用于塑化和以压力来熔接管体11与管头12的非常低的热量已经够用，这样就增加了焊缝，也就是说，即使冷却时间缩短，也形成环绕的焊缝。原则上按照本发明就能够在未加热或适度加热的阴模30时使用塑性的材料部分26，或者与经过加热的、而且在挤压期间塑化的材料部分26的阴模30相联系，使用并非塑性的材料部分26。热量小的优点是，与目前技术状况已知的方法相比，有更高的加工速度，解决了在开始挤压工序之前与肩部塑料污染之前，材料部分在阴模内的晶化问题。此外，环形阴模30与相对小的所使用的热量相联系，就允许把完全成批定制的管头(管头带有封闭件隔膜，转动或折叠封闭件等)与管体联接到一起，这样，阴模30的内部环形空间为此在挤压过程期间，把空间用于容纳管头各组成部分。在按照本发明形成的环形焊缝冷却之后，对于两种实施方法都是相同的第六个分步骤来说(未绘图表现)，通过摘除管体11与管头12使芯杆10卸载。启动与终止前面概述的方法步骤的机器的机械工具，具有多种形式，这里不再介绍。

Claims (12)

1.生产包装管的方法，这种包装管由塑料制成的管体以及与管体相连接，用塑料预制的管头组成，其中管体放在芯杆的外圆周面上，而且管头放在芯杆的端面上，芯杆与管体和管头一起被放入到阴模内，并在阴模内使管体与管头在热量与压力的作用下彼此联接到一起，这种方法的特征在于，管体(11)和管头(12)借助于联接材料的部分(26)互相联接。
2.如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，管头(12)放在芯杆(10)的端面(10a)上，并且接着使部分(26)放在管头(12)的肩部(13)上。
3.如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，部分(26)放在端面(10a)的芯杆斜面(18)上，并且接着使管头(12)放到芯杆(10)上。
4.如权利要求1至3之一所述的方法，其特征在于，部分(26)以预制的环形、圆形或透镜形横截面形式放置。
5.如权利要求1至3之一所述的方法，其特征在于，部分(26)通过挤出作为环放置。
6.如权利要求1至5之一所述的方法，其特征在于，管体(11)的环形段(16)超出端面(10a)，放置在芯杆(10)上。
7.如权利要求1至6之一所述的方法，其特征在于，部分(26)紧贴着管体(11)的段(16)的内表面，被放置或挤压到管头(12)或端面(10a)上。
8.如权利要求1至7之一所述的方法，其特征在于，部分(26)被放入到成型空间F内，包括了环形空间(23)和与环形空间(23)联接的切槽面(22)。
9.如权利要求1至8之一所述的方法，其特征在于，管头(12)在外圆周上拥有斜面d(24)，在斜面上使段(16)的自由环绕边棱(20)成型。
10.如权利要求1至8之一所述的方法，其特征在于，外圆周面被设计为分级斜面(25)，并且段(16)前面的自由末端与分级斜面咬合。
11.如权利要求1至10之一所述的方法，其特征在于，在管体(11)与管头(12)之间形成环形过渡段(17)的情况下，同时进行材料部分(26)在阴模(30)内的挤压。
12.如权利要求11所述的方法，其特征在于，在挤压期间，管头(12)借助于弹簧预张紧的可移动内环而固定在芯杆斜面(18)上。
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