CN1268125C - 根据在前查询产生电视节目推荐的方法和装置 - Google Patents

根据在前查询产生电视节目推荐的方法和装置 Download PDF

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CN1268125C
CN1268125C CNB018033989A CN01803398A CN1268125C CN 1268125 C CN1268125 C CN 1268125C CN B018033989 A CNB018033989 A CN B018033989A CN 01803398 A CN01803398 A CN 01803398A CN 1268125 C CN1268125 C CN 1268125C
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CN1535535A (zh
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K·库拉帕蒂
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Koninklijke Philips NV
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/40Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/45Management operations performed by the client for facilitating the reception of or the interaction with the content or administrating data related to the end-user or to the client device itself, e.g. learning user preferences for recommending movies, resolving scheduling conflicts
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/40Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/47End-user applications
    • H04N21/482End-user interface for program selection
    • H04N21/4826End-user interface for program selection using recommendation lists, e.g. of programs or channels sorted out according to their score
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/40Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/43Processing of content or additional data, e.g. demultiplexing additional data from a digital video stream; Elementary client operations, e.g. monitoring of home network or synchronising decoder's clock; Client middleware
    • H04N21/442Monitoring of processes or resources, e.g. detecting the failure of a recording device, monitoring the downstream bandwidth, the number of times a movie has been viewed, the storage space available from the internal hard disk
    • H04N21/44213Monitoring of end-user related data
    • H04N21/44222Analytics of user selections, e.g. selection of programs or purchase activity
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/40Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/45Management operations performed by the client for facilitating the reception of or the interaction with the content or administrating data related to the end-user or to the client device itself, e.g. learning user preferences for recommending movies, resolving scheduling conflicts
    • H04N21/4508Management of client data or end-user data
    • H04N21/4532Management of client data or end-user data involving end-user characteristics, e.g. viewer profile, preferences
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/40Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/45Management operations performed by the client for facilitating the reception of or the interaction with the content or administrating data related to the end-user or to the client device itself, e.g. learning user preferences for recommending movies, resolving scheduling conflicts
    • H04N21/454Content or additional data filtering, e.g. blocking advertisements
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/40Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/45Management operations performed by the client for facilitating the reception of or the interaction with the content or administrating data related to the end-user or to the client device itself, e.g. learning user preferences for recommending movies, resolving scheduling conflicts
    • H04N21/466Learning process for intelligent management, e.g. learning user preferences for recommending movies
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/40Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/47End-user applications
    • H04N21/482End-user interface for program selection
    • H04N21/4828End-user interface for program selection for searching program descriptors
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N7/00Television systems
    • H04N7/16Analogue secrecy systems; Analogue subscription systems
    • H04N7/162Authorising the user terminal, e.g. by paying; Registering the use of a subscription channel, e.g. billing
    • H04N7/163Authorising the user terminal, e.g. by paying; Registering the use of a subscription channel, e.g. billing by receiver means only

Abstract

一种用于根据用户先前对电子节目向导进行的查询,产生电视节目推荐的方法和装置。根据定义该节目的属性值对和用户先前搜索的属性值对之间的相关度,调整给定节目的常规节目推荐器得分。历史搜索数据库指示各属性值对出现在用户查询中的次数,并提供与用户偏爱相关的附加信息。一定的属性值对的较高频数意味着用户对符合这种标准的节目的偏爱。

Description

根据在前查询产生电视节目推荐的方法和装置
技术领域
本发明涉及电视节目推荐器,特别是,涉及一种用于根据用户已在电子节目向导上进行的查询产生电视节目推荐的方法和装置。
背景技术
由于电视观众可得到的频道数目的不断增加,以及在这些频道上可得到的节目内容的多样化,对电视观众来说确定感兴趣的电视节目已经变成一种格外的难题。以前,电视观众通过分析印刷的电视节目向导来确定感兴趣的电视节目。通常,这种印刷的电视节目向导包括按时间和日期、频道和标题列出的可得到的电视节目的网格。随着电视节目数目的增加,利用这种印刷的向导越来越难有效地确定所需的电视节目。
最近,电视节目向导出现了电子格式,经常被称为电子节目向导(EPG)。象印刷的电视节目向导一样,EPG包括按时间和日期、频道和标题列出的可用电视节目的网格。但是,一些EPG允许观众根据个人的偏好对可选择的电视节目进行分类和搜索。另外,EPG还允许可得到电视节目在屏幕上显示。
虽然EPG使观众以比常规印刷向导更有效的方式确定所需节目,但它们受到许多限制,如果这些限制被克服,它们可以进一步提高观众确定所需节目的能力。例如,许多观众特别偏爱、或者讨厌,某类节目安排,如动作节目或体育节目安排。因此,可向EPG提供观众的偏爱,从而获得对特定观众来说感兴趣的一组推荐节目。
因此,已经提出或建议了许多种用于推荐电视节目安排的工具。例如,TivoTM系统,可从加利福尼亚Sunnyvale的Tivo公司得到的商用系统,允许观众利用“赞成和不赞成”功能评价显示,并由此分别指示观众喜欢和不喜欢的节目。其后,该TiVo接收器将记录的观众偏好与接收的节目数据,如EPG,进行比较,以向每个观众提供合适的推荐。
这种用于产生电视节目推荐的工具根据观众在前的观看历史提供观众可能喜欢的节目选择。但是,即使有这种节目推荐器的帮助,观众还是难于从所有选项中确定感兴趣的节目。另外,当前可用的根据用户定义的查询搜索电子节目向导的工具在观众可浏览满足该查询的电视节目表前,需要按多个按键。另外,目前还没有方法将由用户在电子节目向导上执行的查询所定出的明确信息与根据用户的观看习惯所定出的不明确信息结合起来。
因此需要存在一种根据用户在电子节目向导上已经进行的查询推荐电视节目的方法和装置。
发明内容
总体上,公开了一种方法和装置,用于根据用户已对电子节目向导进行的查询产生电视节目推荐。本发明根据用户先前已执行的搜索,对常规的节目推荐器得分进行调整。特别是,根据定义节目的属性值对和用户先前已搜索的属性值对之间的相关度,调整给定节目的常规节目推荐器得分。
维护一历史搜索数据库以指出用户查询中各属性值对出现的次数。每次用户开始手动或自动搜索时,这些查询都被分解以识别用户指定的属性值对。历史搜索数据库收集用户的搜索行为,并提供与用户的偏爱相关的附加信息。对某一属性值对的较高频数,意味着用户对符合这一标准的节目的偏爱。
通过参照下述附图和详细说明,将会更完整的理解本发明,以及本发明另外的特点和优点。
附图说明
图1示出根据本发明的电视节目安排推荐器;
图2示出图1的观众简要数据库的例表;
图3示出图1的节目数据库的例表;
图4示出图1的历史搜索数据库的例表;以及
图5为说明体现本发明原理的示范性的节目推荐过程的流程图。
具体实施方式
图1示出了根据本发明的电视节目安排推荐器100。如图1所示,电视节目推荐器100对一电子节目安排向导(EPG)110中的各节目进行评价,以识别特定观众感兴趣的节目。推荐的节目组可以被呈现给观众,例如,利用使用公知屏幕上呈现技术的置顶终端/电视180。
根据本发明的一个特征,电视节目安排推荐器100根据用户已对电子节目向导110进行的查询,产生电视节目推荐。如下面进一步说明的,根据用户已经执行的先前的搜索,对按照常规技术产生的节目推荐器得分进行调整。特别是,给定节目的常规节目推荐器得分根据该节目的属性与用户先前已搜索的属性之间的相关度进行调整。
通常,每当用户利用一个或多个查询命令开始手动或自动搜索时,电视节目安排推荐器100分解该查询以识别由用户规定的属性值对。维护历史搜索数据库400,参照图4在下面对其进行说明,用于指示各属性值对在用户查询中已出现的次数。因此,每当,每个属性值对在分解的查询中出现时,历史搜索数据库400中对应的计数值加1。这样,历史搜索数据库400收集用户的搜索活动,提供与用户偏爱相关的附加信息。某一属性值对的较高频数,意味着用户对符合这种标准的节目的偏爱。
电视节目推荐器100可具体为任何计算装置,例如个人计算机或工作站,包括一处理器150,如中央处理器(CPU)和存储器160,如RAM和ROM。另外,电视节目安装推荐器100可具体为任何可用的电视节目推荐器,例如TivoTM系统,加利福尼亚Sunnyvale的Tivo公司出品的商用系统,或者在美国专利申请号为No.09/466,406、申请日为1997.12.17、名称为“利用决策树进行电视节目安排推荐的方法和装置”(代理人文档No.700772)和美国专利申请号为No.09/498,271、申请日为2000.2.4、名称为“贝叶斯TV节目推荐器”(代理人文档N0.700690)中说明的电视节目推荐器,或它们的任何结合,在此修改以实现本发明特征和功能。
如图1所示,并进一步分别结合图2-5讨论,电视节目安排推荐器100的存储器160包括一个或多个观众简要200,一节目数据库300,一历史搜索数据库400和节目推荐过程500。通常,说明性观众简要200指示一用户对各节目属性的相对感兴趣程度。节目数据库300以给定的时间间隔记录可用的各节目的信息。历史搜索数据库400指示用户查询中各属性值对出现的次数。最后,根据本发明,节目推荐过程500考虑到先前已对电子节目向导(EPG)110进行的查询,以特定时间间隔产生各节目的推荐得分。
图2为一表格,示出了示范性的观众简要200。应注意,如本领域技术人员所知,观众简要200与特定用户或一组人,如一家庭,相联系。还应注意,根据对调查的响应可明确地,或者根据观众在一段时间内观看(和/或没有观看)的节目组,不明确地,或前述的结合,产生一观众简要200。
如图2所示,观众简要200包括多个分别与不同节目属性相关联的记录205-213。另外,对在列240中提出的各属性,观众简要200在列250中提供了一数字表示,指出观众对对应属性的相对感兴趣程度。如下所述,在图2所示的说明性观众简要200中,采用了1(“讨厌”)和7(“喜欢”)之间的数字等级。例如,图2所示的观众简要200具有的数字表示指出用户特别喜欢体育频道节目安排和傍晚节目安排。
虽然观众简要200利用一明确的观众简要进行说明,但如本领域技术人员所知,观众简要200还可以一不明确的简要,或一明确和不明确的简要的组合体现。为讨论一使用了不明确和明确简要二者以获得组合的节目推荐得分的电视节目推荐器100,可参照,如美国专利申请号No.09/666401,申请日2000.9.20、名称为“利用不明确和明确的观看偏爱产生推荐得分的方法和装置”(代理人文档号701247)。
在示范性实施例中,观众简要200中的数字表示包括一强度等级如:
  数字   描述
  1   讨厌
  2   不喜欢
  3   有些拒绝
  4   中性
  5   有些喜欢
  6   喜欢
  7   热爱
图3为图1中节目数据库300的例表,它以给定的时间间隔记录了可观看的各节目的信息。节目数据库300中出现的数据可从,如电子节目向导110中获取。如图3所示,节目数据库300包括多个记录,如记录305到320,每个都与一给定节目相联系。对各节目,节目数据库300分别在区域340和345指示日期/时间和与该节目相联系的频道。此外,各节目的名称和类型在区域350和355中被识别。其它的公知的属性(未示出),如演员、持续时间、节目说明等也可以包括在节目数据库300中。
节目数据库300还可以选择性地在区域370中记录一由电视节目安排推荐器100对各节目分配的推荐得分(R)的指示。另外,节目数据库300还可以选择性地在区域370中指示出由根据本发明的电视节目安排推荐器100分配的各节目的调整后的推荐得分(A)。这样,由本发明调整后的数字得分就可以被直接在有各节目的电子节目向导中显示给观众,或被映射在可以使用户快速定位感兴趣的节目的彩色图形或另一可视的提示上。
如前所述,历史搜索数据库400指出各属性值对在手动或自动用户查询中出现的次数。如图4所示,历史搜索数据库400包括多个记录,如记录405-415,它们各自与给定的属性值对相关联。对各属性值对来说,历史搜索数据库400指示在用户查询(使用频率)中属性值对出现的次数。如前所述,每当用户开始一次手动或自动搜索,电视节目安排推荐器100就分解该查询,并对在分解的查询中出现的各属性值对增加历史搜索数据库400中的计数。
另外,为了便于下面将说明的由节目推荐过程500执行的计算,历史搜索数据库400选择性地在区域470中指示出所用术语的标准化频率N。例如,区域470中指示的标准化得分N可通过执行对与一属性相关的各不同属性值对进行所用术语的实际频率进行线性映射到零和一之间的值。在示范性实施例中,历史搜索数据库400中的标准化包括一使用等级的频率,如:
  实际值   标准化的值
  0   0
  0.2(最大值)   0.2
  0.4(最大值)   0.4
  0.6(最大值)   0.6
  0.8(最大值)   0.8
  最大值   1.0
在替换实现方式中,以公知的方式,历史搜索数据库400中的标准化可通过对与一属性相关联的各不同属性值对的不同频数值绘制曲线而获得。
图5为一流程图,说明体现本发明原理的示范性节目推荐过程500。如图5所示,节目推荐过程500首先在步骤520中获得电子节目向导(EPG)110。然后,节目推荐过程500以通常方法在步骤520中计算在感兴趣时间周期内的各节目的推荐得分R(或利用通常的推荐器获得节目推荐得分R)。
然后,节目推荐过程500在步骤530中计算在感兴趣时间周期内的各节目的调整后的节目推荐得分A,如下所示:
A = MIN { R + R ( Σ i = 1 k N i · WEIGH T i ) , 1.35 R }
其中,k为历史搜索数据库400的区域470中指示的属性值对的总数。通常,步骤530中执行的计算确保对常规的节目推荐得分R的调整不超出示范值的35%,即最大为常规节目推荐器得分R的135%。另外,通过将与用户先前搜索的节目相关联的各属性值对的使用词汇的加权标准化频率N进行求和而实现对分配给给定节目的常规节目推荐得分的调整。
一电视节目中的各属性的WEIGHTi贡献可由用户建立,或凭经验确定。例如,日期/时间属性可分配加权为5%,类型属性可分配加权为20%,频道属性可分配加权为10%。这样,如果给定节目为喜剧,对可归于“类型=喜剧”的属性值对的常规节目推荐得分R的调整将为.8(N)乘以对该类型属性分配的加权20%。
节目推荐过程500在步骤540中计算感兴趣时间内的各节目的组合节目推荐得分C,如下:
C=MIN{A,100}
这样,除了确保对常规节目推荐得分R的调整不超过示范值的35%的外(见上步骤530),示范性节目推荐过程500还可以保证在步骤540中组合的节目推荐得分C不超过100%(最大得分)。
最后,在节目控制终止前,节目推荐过程500在步骤550中向用户提供感兴趣时间周期内的节目的组合节目推荐得分(C)。
在节目推荐过程500的其他变化中,在步骤530中可以利用奖励得分系统计算调整的节目推荐得分A,其中预定的或固定的奖励是根据,例如定义用户先前已搜索的节目的属性值对的数来确定的。换句话说,奖励可根据与历史搜索数据库400中的属性值对相匹配的当前节目的属性值对的数来确定。例如,如果历史搜索数据库400中的四个属性值对与当前节目的属性值对相匹配,则可提供一奖励,如10%,以将常规节目推荐器得分R提高10%。
应理解这里所示和所述的实施例和变化只是用于说明本发明的原理,本领域技术人员在不脱离本发明范围和精神的情况下可进行不同的修改。

Claims (11)

1.一种用于推荐电视节目的方法,包括以下步骤:
获得一个或多个节目的列表;
根据观看历史,获得所述一个或多个节目的一推荐得分R;
根据用户在电子节目向导上进行的一次或多次查询,计算对所述推荐得分R的调整A;以及
根据所述推荐得分R和所述调整A,产生一组合推荐得分C。
2.如权利要求1所述的方法,特征在于一个或多个节目的所述列表是从电子节目向导中获得的。
3.如权利要求1所述的方法,特征在于所述推荐得分R被定义为节目特征的单个等级的加权平均。
4.如权利要求1所述的方法,特征在于所述组合推荐得分C是利用明确的推荐得分和不明确的推荐得分的映射计算的。
5.如权利要求1所述的方法,特征在于还包括向用户呈现所述一个或多个节目中的每个节目的所述组合推荐得分C的步骤。
6.如权利要求1所述的方法,特征在于对所述推荐得分R的所述调整不超过预定的值。
7.如权利要求1所述的方法,特征在于对所述推荐得分R的所述调整是根据定义所述一个或多个节目的属性值对与用户已经对电子节目向导进行的所述一次或多次查询的属性值对之间的相关度进行的。
8.如权利要求1所述的方法,特征在于还包括分解查询以识别包括在所述查询中的属性值对和将指示所述属性值对的每一个出现在用户查询中的次数的计数加1的步骤。
9.一种用于产生电视节目的推荐得分的方法,包括以下步骤:
从一电子节目向导中获得所述节目的属性;以及
根据所述属性和观看历史和搜索历史之间的相关度,计算所述节目推荐得分的推荐得分R。
10.一种用于推荐电视节目的系统,包括:
一存储器,用于存储计算机可读代码;以及
一处理器,可操作与所述存储器耦合,所述处理器被配置为:
获得一个或多个节目的列表;
根据观看历史,获得所述一个或多个节目的一推荐得分R;
根据用户在电子节目向导上进行的一次或多次查询,计算对所述推荐得分R的调整A;以及
根据所述推荐得分R和所述调整A,产生一组合推荐得分C。
11.一种用于产生一电视节目的推荐得分的系统,包括:
一存储器,用于存储计算机可读代码;以及
一处理器,可操作与所述存储器耦合,所述处理器被配置为:
从一电子节目向导中获得所述节目的属性;和
根据所述属性和观看历史和搜索历史之间的相关度,计算所述节目推荐得分的推荐得分R。
CNB018033989A 2000-10-30 2001-10-16 根据在前查询产生电视节目推荐的方法和装置 Expired - Lifetime CN1268125C (zh)

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