CN1315619A - 将固定件安装到构件外表面上的连接组件 - Google Patents

将固定件安装到构件外表面上的连接组件 Download PDF

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CN1315619A
CN1315619A CN01111627A CN01111627A CN1315619A CN 1315619 A CN1315619 A CN 1315619A CN 01111627 A CN01111627 A CN 01111627A CN 01111627 A CN01111627 A CN 01111627A CN 1315619 A CN1315619 A CN 1315619A
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connection part
part according
connection
fixed block
recess
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迈克尔·斯特姆弗
奥古斯特·伯查德
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POOLHOFF AG
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/47—Joining single elements to sheets, plates or other substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/474—Joining single elements to sheets, plates or other substantially flat surfaces said single elements being substantially non-flat
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/56—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using mechanical means or mechanical connections, e.g. form-fits
    • B29C65/60—Riveting or staking
    • B29C65/606—Riveting or staking the rivets being integral with one of the parts to be joined, i.e. staking
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/78—Means for handling the parts to be joined, e.g. for making containers or hollow articles, e.g. means for handling sheets, plates, web-like materials, tubular articles, hollow articles or elements to be joined therewith; Means for discharging the joined articles from the joining apparatus
    • B29C65/7802—Positioning the parts to be joined, e.g. aligning, indexing or centring
    • B29C65/7805—Positioning the parts to be joined, e.g. aligning, indexing or centring the parts to be joined comprising positioning features
    • B29C65/7814—Positioning the parts to be joined, e.g. aligning, indexing or centring the parts to be joined comprising positioning features in the form of inter-cooperating positioning features, e.g. tenons and mortises
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/814—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8141—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/81411—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined characterised by its cross-section, e.g. transversal or longitudinal, being non-flat
    • B29C66/81421—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined characterised by its cross-section, e.g. transversal or longitudinal, being non-flat being convex or concave
    • B29C66/81423—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined characterised by its cross-section, e.g. transversal or longitudinal, being non-flat being convex or concave being concave
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
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    • B29C66/814—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8141—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/81427—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined comprising a single ridge, e.g. for making a weakening line; comprising a single tooth
    • B29C66/81429—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined comprising a single ridge, e.g. for making a weakening line; comprising a single tooth comprising a single tooth
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B17/00—Connecting constructional elements or machine parts by a part of or on one member entering a hole in the other and involving plastic deformation
    • F16B17/006—Connecting constructional elements or machine parts by a part of or on one member entering a hole in the other and involving plastic deformation of rods or tubes to sheets or plates
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B37/00—Nuts or like thread-engaging members
    • F16B37/04—Devices for fastening nuts to surfaces, e.g. sheets, plates
    • F16B37/06—Devices for fastening nuts to surfaces, e.g. sheets, plates by means of welding or riveting
    • F16B37/062—Devices for fastening nuts to surfaces, e.g. sheets, plates by means of welding or riveting by means of riveting
    • F16B37/068—Devices for fastening nuts to surfaces, e.g. sheets, plates by means of welding or riveting by means of riveting by deforming the material of the support, e.g. the sheet or plate
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B5/00—Joining sheets or plates, e.g. panels, to one another or to strips or bars parallel to them
    • F16B5/04—Joining sheets or plates, e.g. panels, to one another or to strips or bars parallel to them by means of riveting
    • F16B5/045—Joining sheets or plates, e.g. panels, to one another or to strips or bars parallel to them by means of riveting without the use of separate rivets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/08—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using ultrasonic vibrations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
    • B29C66/1122—Single lap to lap joints, i.e. overlap joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/731—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/7315—Mechanical properties
    • B29C66/73151—Hardness
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/83—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/832—Reciprocating joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/8322—Joining or pressing tools reciprocating along one axis
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
    • B29L2031/34—Electrical apparatus, e.g. sparking plugs or parts thereof
    • B29L2031/3431—Telephones, Earphones
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y10T29/49922—Overedge assembling of seated part by bending over projecting prongs
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract

一种用于将固定件安装到可变形材料构件的外表面上的连接组件。该构件在其外表面有一个或多个连接凸起,该连接凸起伸入所述固定件的连接凸缘的相应凹口内。连接凸起在其自由端有翻折弯边,该翻折弯边通过连接凸起的材料变形而形成,它保证使相应的连接凸起与连接凸缘连接。

Description

将固定件安装到构件外表面上的连接组件
本发明涉及将固定件安装到可变形材料构件外表面上的连接组件。
通常需要在塑料构件如塑料壳体上提供固定装置，以便能将其它元件安装到所述构件上。因此，已知可将较硬的塑料螺纹插入件压入构件的各个开口，例如通过热熔操作、超声波焊接等。不过，该方法不能用于薄壁构件，例如移动电话(蜂窝电话)的壳体。一种可行的方法是通过注塑使该构件有成一体的螺纹凸出物。不过，这只能用于几何形状非常简单的构件。
本发明的一个目的是提供一种改进的、用于将强度相对较高的材料的固定件安装到强度相对较低的材料的构件外表面上的连接组件。
本发明的又一目的是提供一种使固定件和构件连接的连接组件，该连接组件可以以非常简单的方式将固定件安装到分开制造的构件上，而不需要在该构件壁上有任何孔或开口。
在本发明的连接组件中，固定件包括具有功能件的主体和与所述主体成一体的连接凸缘，构件有至少一个连接凸起，该连接凸起与构件外表面成一体并与固定件的连接凸缘上的相应凹口相配合。该连接凸起在其自由端有翻折弯边，该翻折弯边通过连接凸起的材料变形而形成，它保证将连接凸起保持在连接凸缘上。
这样就确实保证固定件和构件之间的面对面连接有很高的抗扭性、抗拉性和抗剪切应力性。因为它不需要在构件的壁上打孔或开口，构件的壁可以作得相当薄。
构件优选是由热塑性材料制成，但是也可以由轻金属制成。在任何情况下，构件都必须由能变形的材料制成，以便在连接凸起的末端形成翻折弯边。
当构件由热塑性材料制成时，翻折弯边可以通过普通的热熔解操作而形成，例如通过超声波焊、直线或旋转摩擦焊或其它热熔解操作。不过，当构件由轻金属制成时，翻折弯边优选是通过冷变形(例如铆接操作)而形成。
为了便于理解本发明，附图表示了一个本发明的优选实施例，通过该实施例并联系下列说明，能够很容易地理解本发明的结构和它的许多优点。
图1是在连接操作之前的固定件和构件的透视图；
图2是表示在连接操作的中间步骤过程中类似于图1的视图；
图3是表示在连接操作完成后类似于图1和图2的视图。
图1所示的固定件2将安装在构件4的平外表面6上。该构件4是一薄壁件，例如移动电话(蜂窝电话)的壳体。
构件4由强度相对较小的材料制成，例如热塑性材料或轻金属。固定件2由强度较大的材料制成，特别是金属或较硬的塑料。因此，当固定件2成一体地刚性连接到构件4上时，该固定件2能实现构件4的固定功能。
在图示实施例中，固定件2包括主体8和连接凸缘10，该连接凸缘10与主体8成一体并有三个凹口12、14。构件4的外表面6有成一体的凸起16和18，该凸起16和18的形状分别与凹口12、14相配合。
连接凸缘10是薄的环形凸缘，在图示实施例中其形状为圆形；不过它也可以是其它形状。如图所示，凹口12的形状为穿过连接凸缘10而延伸的环形壁段，而凹口14是在连接凸缘10外周边上的基本为半圆形截面的槽。在构件4外表面6上的凸起16和18的截面形状和相对位置分别与凹口12和14相适应，即凸起16形状为环形壁段，凸起18为柱形。
凸起16的长度大于连接凸缘10的厚度，这样，当固定件2定好位并与凸起16和18配合时，凸起16超过连接凸缘10的上表面而延伸一预定量(见图2)。凸起16的自由端将通过翻折变形，从而产生翻折弯边20(见图3)，该翻折弯边20保证将固定件2保持在构件4上，这将在下面详细介绍。
柱形凸起18并不是绝对必需的，可以省略，该柱形凸起18的长度与连接凸缘20的厚度相当，因此它不会超过连接凸缘20的上表面，并不会有翻折弯边。该柱形凸起的功能是增加该连接组件的抗相对转动性。
还应当知道，凹口12、14和凸起16、18的数目、形状和位置可以选择成不同于图示实施例。凹口12和凸起16的环形段形状能在最小的空间内提供非常大的抗剪切性。也可以根据特定用途采取其它的合适几何形状。如图所示，凹口12的壁和凸起16垂直于构件4的外表面6延伸。不过，也可以使凹口12有小锥度，以便于将凸起插入固定件2中。也可以选择使凹口12沿反方向渐缩，这样，当材料变形形成翻折弯边20时有容纳材料的额外空间。这将增加连接组件的抗拉性。优选是，凸起16的尺寸稍微小于凹口12，以便于将凸起16插入固定件2中。
当然，可以省略的凸起18也可以有与图示形状不同的形状。例如，它可以是有角的、齿廓形的或有齿的形状。而且，凸起18也可以与凸起16类似，其轴向长度足够提供翻折弯边20，从而也有助于固定件2的轴向固定。
在图示实施例中成空心圆柱形的固定件2的主体8有功能件22。在图示实施例中，该功能件22包括一光滑的孔；或者，该功能件22可包括螺纹孔、一部分搭扣(closure)或夹持件、光滑的或有螺纹的螺栓或类似固定件。
如图所示，连接凸缘10的底面可以有肋或有凹槽，以便增加固定件2和构件4之间的抗相对旋转性。
包括固定件2和构件4的连接组件可以以如下方法制造：
首先相互分开地制造固定件2和构件4，例如通过注塑或其它合适方法。
然后将固定件2在构件4的外表面6上定位，这样，凸起16和18分别装入凹口12和14内，如图2所示。各部件的尺寸可以这样选择，例如，凸起16有间隙地装入凹口12内，而凸起18通过压配合装入凹口14内。这样可以在需要时使固定件2相对于构件4精确定位。
然后通过用焊接工具24(图2示意表示)使材料塑化和变形，从而使凸起16的伸出的自由端变形成翻折弯边20-类似于铆接或卷边(grimping)操作-以便使固定件2和构件4之间确实连接。翻折弯边20的尺寸和形状可以根据特定用途而选择。
当构件4由轻金属制成时，凸起16和18优选是形成空心铆钉，这样，翻折弯边20可以通过普通的铆接操作(冷变形)而形成。

Claims (15)

1．一种用于将固定件安装到可变形材料构件的外表面上的连接组件，其中：
所述固定件包括具有功能件的主体和与所述主体成一体的连接凸缘，
所述构件在其外表面上有至少一个连接凸起，该连接凸起伸入所述固定件的所述连接凸缘的相应凹口内，以及
所述连接凸起在其自由端有翻折弯边，该翻折弯边通过所述连接凸起的材料变形而形成，它保证使所述至少一个连接凸起与所述连接凸缘连接。
2．根据权利要求1所述的连接组件，其中：所述固定件由金属或塑料制成。
3．根据权利要求1所述的连接组件，其中：所述构件由热塑性材料或轻金属制成。
4．根据权利要求1所述的连接组件，其中：用于形成所述翻折弯边的所述材料变形包括材料的冷变形或热熔解变形。
5．根据权利要求4所述的连接组件，其中：用于形成所述翻折弯边的所述材料变形是通过铆接或卷边操作而形成的。
6．根据权利要求1所述的连接组件，其中：所述至少一个连接凸起和所述相应凹口的截面形状相配。
7．根据权利要求1所述的连接组件，其中：所述连接凸缘是薄壁环形凸缘。
8．根据权利要求1所述的连接组件，其中：所述凹口是穿过所述连接凸缘而延伸的通孔或在所述连接凸缘的外周表面上形成的槽。
9．根据权利要求8所述的连接组件，其中：设有多个连接凸起和同样多的凹口，其中凹口中至少有一个形成所述通孔，且至少有一个形成所述槽。
10．根据权利要求9所述的连接组件，其中：所述多个连接凸起中有一个或几个的长度相当于所述连接凸缘的厚度，且不形成翻折弯边。
11．根据权利要求1所述的连接组件，其中：所述至少一个连接凸起的形状是环形壁段或柱形。
12．根据权利要求1所述的连接组件，其中：所述至少一个连接凸起和与其相应的凹口基本垂直于所述构件的所述外表面而延伸。
13．根据权利要求1所述的连接组件，其中：所述凹口稍微成锥形，以便于将所述至少一个连接凸起插入所述凹口。
14．根据权利要求1所述的连接组件，其中：所述凹口稍微成锥形，以便容纳由所述材料变形产生的材料。
15．根据权利要求1所述的连接组件，其中：所述固定件的所述功能件包括一光滑的或有螺纹的孔、搭扣件或夹持件或者其它的固定装置。
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